河南省部分地区2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解

这是一份河南省部分地区2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解，共40页。
河南省部分地区
2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
河南省开封市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Origins of Famous Brands
Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.
Starbucks
It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.
Google
Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.
Nike
Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.
The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.
1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?
A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks.
C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville.
2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?
A They mistook their name.
B. They wanted new customers.
C. The company’s original name was too long.
D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.
3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?
A. It can change the company’s image.
B. It can add myth to the company.
C. It explains the development of the company to customers.
D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.
B
Winslow Homer was a famous American painter. Since Art History class in college，I had always admired his works and I was lucky to see a large exhibition of his works when I was in my early 30s. It was at this event that I bought a print of his painting “Snap the Whip”. It always hung in my classroom until I retired from teaching.
I thought it truly captured the freedom and fun of childhood. In the painting，a group of young boys are playing a game arm in arm on the grass ground in front of a farm house. They are jumping and laughing wildly with great joy. One of the boys is falling down to the ground. They are not even wearing shoes!
During my last year of teaching，there was a young woman in her first year of teaching right next door to me and we got to be good friends. She had been an art student before taking up education. Her eyes were drawn immediately to this print when she entered my room. So on my last day of teaching，after the students had left，I took the painting off the wall and walked next door and gave it to her.
She was really surprised，but very glad to have it. I was delighted that she liked it and all the students she would have would treasure it as much as I had. We found the perfect place for it on one of her walls and hung it together. I was happy that she brought back this wonderful memory for me.
4. Why did the author admire the painting “Snap the Whip”so much？
A. He had a deep love for children and students.
B. It was bought from a famous American painter.
C. He appreciated the freedom and fun in the painting.
D. It had also drawn the attention of the young woman.
5. What is the painting about？
A. Homeless children. B. The nature of children.
C. Hard-working farmers. D. The pleasure of working.
6. What does the underlined word“captured”in Paragraph 2 probably mean？
A. Recognized. B. Controlled.
C. Caught. D. Influenced.
7. How did the author feel when seeing the painting hung in the woman’s room？
A. Regretful. B. Painful.
C. Proud. D. Pleased.
C
A private sixth grade is set to start its lessons at 1:30 pm every day because the school's teacher thinks his students will study better after a morning lie-in (懒觉).
Instead of rising early for a 9 am start, students at the £ 15, 000-a-year Hampton Court House, in East Molesey, Surrey, will get to enjoy a lie-in and work from 1:30 pm until 7 pm. Head teacher Guy Holloway says the move for all sixth grade students, set to begin from September, has been made according to research by scientists. He predicts (预测) that not only will his students aged 16 and upwards get great night's sleep, but their productivity (效率) will also be improved.
The co-educational school will have the latest start time in the UK, and will be the only one to begin lessons in the afternoon.
Experts say young people are programmed to get up later, and that rather than laziness it is simply a shift (转变) in their body clocks.
“There are 168 hours in a week and how productive they are depends on how they choose to use those hours”, said Mr Holloway.“At Hampton Court House we don't think we have the answer for everybody; it's about what works in our school. We want to get them into a condition where they can get great sleep and study well.”He said students would also benefit from reduced journey times as they travel to and from school after rush hour (上下班高峰时间).
Year 10 student Gabriel Purcell Davis will be one of the first of 30 A-level students to start at the later time. "I want to wake up in my bed, not in my maths lesson,” said the 15-year-old. Lessons for all other students at the school will still begin at 9 am as usual.
8. What can we learn about the new start time from the text?
A. It's suitable for every student.
B. It is based on scientific research.
C. Students are following the new school time now.
D. Only the sixth grade students will use the new school time.
9. Why did the school decide to start the class at 1:30 pm?
A. It may be good for students' study.
B. Students want a morning lie-in.
C. Teachers want to have a good sleep in the morning.
D. Students are often late for school.
10. What do experts think of young people's getting up later?
A. A bad habit. B. A natural thing.
C. A lazy behavior. D. A good lifestyle.
11. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Getting up later is a bad thing.
B. Getting up later is good for health.
C. Starting lessons later may bring students' laziness.
D. Starting lessons later may improve students' productivity.
D
Scientists have discovered an underwater coral tower near the Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁) that’s taller than New York’s Empire State Building. It’s the tallest underwater structure discovered in over 120 years.
The researchers who discovered the reef were on a year-long trip aboard the Schmidt Ocean Institute’s research ship Falkor, where they were working to map the sea floor around Australia.
The scientists used a special underwater robot called SuBastian to help them explore and develop 3D maps. In late October, as part of their exploration, the team came across the tower. It’s known as a “detached reef”, since its structure isn’t attached to the Great Barrier Reef, but rises on its own from the sea floor.
At the bottom, the tower is nearly a mile wide. But from there, it becomes much more narrow, rising 1,640 feet and stopping just 130 feet below the surface of the ocean. The lower is one o£ eight similar towers near Northern Australia’s Cape York Peninsula. The other seven towers were discovered in the 1880’s.
“It’s a big reef not to have known about,” said Tom Bridge, “What it highlights is how little we know about the ocean, even the Great Barrier Reef. The Great Barrier Reef is bigger than many European countries and that only a small part of it is made of the shallow water reefs it’s famous for.”
Overall, the Great Barrier Reef is struggling. Recent studies have shown that about half of its corals have died in the last 25 years, in part because of rising ocean temperatures due to the climate crisis. Over the last year, the Falkor’s scientific team has discovered 30 new kinds of sea creatures. In March, they discovered what they believe is the longest sea creature ever recorded. The animal is called a “siphonophore” and it’s 150 feet long.
12. What did researchers do by Falkor around Australia?
A. Seek for coral lowers. B. Make a map of sea floor.
C. Research unknown species. D. Film the Great Barrier Reef.
13 What do we know about SuBastian?
A. It’s the most advanced underwater robot.
B. It contributes to the discovery of the tower.
C. It is suitable to detect building structures.
D. It reports important discoveries under water.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The shape of the tower. B. The history of the tower.
C. The position of the tower. D. The information of the tower.
15. What can we infer from the text?
A. Europe used to ignore the Great Barrier Reef.
B. Climate crisis is ruining the Great Barrier Reef.
C. Tom Bridge has been researching the Great Barrier Reef.
D. More research should be done on the Great Barrier Reef.

河南省开封市五县2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tired of eating at the same boring restaurants? Looking for a change? Here are some restaurants that offer an original restaurant experience. See for yourself which ones you like.
An Exciting Dinner
Looking for something adventurous? The Archipelago in London is just the thing for you. One of the most popular dishes in this restaurant is crocodile (鳄鱼). Yes, you read it correctly, crocodile. If that is not daring enough for you, there are plenty of other dishes on the menu.
A Restaurant with a View
Want to enjoy the sights while you’re eating? Try the Top of the World restaurant. At about 244 meters above Las Vegas, diners can enjoy a good view of Las Vegas in this revolving (旋转的) restaurant. However, the real adventure starts at the end of the meal. That’s when their seats at ground level are lifted to the high-level observation room at a surpsing speed.
A Theatrical Experience
Longing for dinner with some drama? Have dinner with mimes (哑剧) at Mime in Manchester. The service is unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime and keep you happy with performances in between courses.
An Unusual Setting
Don’t care about presentation? You’ll be fine at the Modem Toilet restaurant in Taiwan. The theme of this restaurant is the toilet, and you would be surprised how many people line up for the experience of eating on toilet seats.
1. What would you expect at the Top of the World restaurant?
A. An exciting lift. B. An interesting menu.
C. A show during the meal. D. A bird’s-eye view of London.
2. Which restaurant requires customers to order in an unusual way?
A. Archipelago B. Top of the World. C. Mime. D. Modern Toilet.
3. Where is the passage likely to be taken from?
A. A research paper. B. An entertainment magazine.
C. A thrilling novel. D. A fashion magazine.
B
This July my husband and I decided to move both our kidsaged 14 and 10, from their previous schools to a new international school that’s located in our neighborhood. It wasn’t an easy decision. We knew switching schools would be a challenge for our kids.
Put two kids in the same situation and they react arid feel differently. Nina, outgoing and talkative, has no problem making new friends and adapting to the new school. It took her less than a week to say, “This school is great. I like it.” Everywhere she goes, she’s surrounded by friends. It took Michael months to say, “I guess this is fine.” Before that, he complained about everything. He’s sensitive(敏感的) and quite hard on himself. Words of encouragement need to be told on a daily basis.
To make our children comfortable before, during and after the move, we included them in our plan from the beginning. They’re big enough to take part in decision-making activities. We researched, compared, and asked questions. We listed everything about their old schools and the new one, and we discussed every item. We were open with them from the start. Our kids knew what was going on and what was about to happen. They had time to prepare themselves. They trusted us.
Communicating with their new teachers was also important. For the first three months, we kept an eye on our children’s academic(学业的) performance and their social life. If we discovered a drop in their grades or any unusual behavior, we were quick to arrange appointments with their teachers. We don’t aim to be helicopter parents, but it doesn’t mean we let them go completely. Balancing this role is hard—the older the kid, the harder it gets—but it’s not impossible. The key is to listen first, and act second.
4. Why were the children probably moved into a new school?
A. The old school is not good enough.
B. They wanted to make more new friends.
C. The new school is conveniently located near their home.
D. The ongoing child can help the shy one in the same school.
5. How did the parents help the children deal with changing schools?
A. By bearing their behavior in school. B. By choosing the best teachers for them.
C. By encouraging them to enjoy social life. D. By having open communication with them.
6. What might the underlined phrase “helicopter parents” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Parents who pay very close attention to their children.
B. Parents who send their children to school in person.
C Parents who talk too much rather than take action.
D. Parents who listen to their children all the time.
7. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Children can adapt to a new school quite easily.
B. Parents should prepare children for decisions.
C. Children should listen to their parents when making decisions.
D. Parents should communicate with children about their performance.
C
What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying? We are going to guess that they are probably not painted bright red or yellow. But maybe they should be. Imagine. You are suddenly asked to prepare for an exam. You have two rooms to choose from. One is a pale blue, and the other is a bright red. Which one do you settle into for study? Is one going to get your brain fired up for learning, or let you relax into a best state of concentration?
According to researchers at Curtin University in Australia, it might be the best to camp out in the bright red room when you are looking to store information. It might sound strange, since we often think of pale rooms — soft blues or light greens — as relaxing, or even reassuring (令人安心的). And they seem to be: The Curtin University study showed that pale colors made participants feel more relaxed and calm, while bright colors increased heart rate. But calming and relaxing, it turns out, may not always be the best environment for deep concentration or knowledge gaining. Reading comprehension (阅读理解) was much better in the bright rooms than in the paler rooms. Although participants reported that they generally preferred the pale rooms to study in as an approach to relax into work, the researchers saw just the opposite — that the bright-colored rooms seemed to lead to greater concentration.
While this might seem only surprising, the finding gets into a rather controversial area of psychological (心理学的) study. The Yerkes-Dodson Law says that a little bit of stress is good for achieving best performance, while too much stress negatively affects it. The higher heart rate and the reports of the bright colors creating a heavy atmosphere might just suggest that a little stress was good for the brain.
8. What is the common idea mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Few people like bright red or yellow. B. Pale colors are connected with good grades.
C. Light-colored rooms make you feel nervous. D. Bright-colored rooms are not good for studying.
9. What might directly affect the research results according to Paragraph 2?
A. Participants’ preferences in colors. B. How participants reacted to colors.
C. Time participants spent in the rooms. D. What participants read in the rooms.
10. What can be concluded from the study by Curtin University?
A. Most people know how to make use of colors.
B. Stress is needed when you want to concentrate.
C. The higher the stress, the better your performance.
D. Being relaxed is very important to people studying.
11. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Findings about people’s favourite room colors.
B. Bright-colored rooms can create a heavy atmosphere.
C. Room colors can affect one’s academic performance.
D. Light-colored rooms help people feel relaxed into work.
D
With intelligent systems and new-age networks, life in the big cities will likely be happier and more efficient. After all, more than 60 percent of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050, according to a UN report.
These cities will use 5G networks to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Cities like Boston, Baltimore, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve people’s lives.
But what exactly does a smart city do? Let’s look at a few examples. In the United States cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart trash cans (垃圾箱) can sense how full they are and inform cleaning workers when they need to be emptied. In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are monitored and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors (传感器) around the city. And in Copenhagen, Denmark, a smart bike system allows riders to check on air quality and traffic jam as they ride.
Smart cities will be interactive, allowing their residents to feel like they’re truly shaping their environment, instead of merely existing in it. “One of the most important reasons to have a smart city is that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never had in the past,” Mrinalini Ingram told Tech Republic.
Of course, it will take time and money to tum our present cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already using smart technology in small ways. China, for instance, is making investments in big cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou to make them “smarter”. It won’t be long until even more cities start to develop their own smart infrastructure (基础设施).
12. What can a smart city actually do in people’s daily life?
A. More and more people will live in big cities. B. A real-time traffic jam can be monitored.
C. It can replace workers to empty a trash can. D. People can ride bikes in an easier way.
13. What does the author mean by saying “Smart cities will be interactive”?
A. More and more people will be living in big cities.
B. We will be communicating with the environment in a new way.
C. We’ll show a deeper love for our environment.
D. More and more big cities will use smart technology.
14. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. People in many big cities have benefited from intelligent systems.
B. Smart trash cans can be emptied every day by cleaning workers.
C. There will be no more traffic accidents in smart big cities.
D. Shanghai and Guangzhou are smarter than any other city in China.
15. What is the author’s attitude to smart cities?
A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Positive. D. Negative.

河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高一上期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷将该项涂黑。
A
Does it seem like hotel costs just go up and up? It’s true that they rise each year, sometimes significantly. When determining which hotel has the best deal, you don’t just want to look at the nightly rate anymore. There are so many other factors to consider to help you save money, both before you book and during your stay. Here are some tips to help you make the best decision.
Go out to eat
Though room service sounds really appealing, prices for food on the menu can be twice as much as you would pay for the same food at a restaurant. Tips are always included in the tab and usually masked as a delivery charge. Most guests don’t know this and add a tip to the bill when the waiter brings their food.
Ask for a corner room
Though this won’t technically save you any money, corner rooms are usually a bit larger than regular rooms, which give you a better deal for your money. Once you check in, ask if one of these rooms is available. This is easier if you show up close to check-in time, but before the flood of guests show up to get their keys. You can also call ahead and request a corner room with your existing reservation.
Bring your own snacks
Anything is better than the rates for items in the mini bar. The prices are horrible and don’t even think about trying to replace it with the same item later.
Avoid the weekend
Hotels in popular destinations regularly raise their rates on Fridays and Saturdays. In some cases, it can be as much as three times more than Sunday through Thursday nights.
1. What is the aim of this text?
A. How to choose a good hotel. B. How to save money.
C. How to increase the nightly rate. D. How to decrease the tips.
2. Which service cost you more?
A. Room service. B. Go out to eat. C. Ask for a corner room. D. Bring your own snacks.
3. When is a good choice to book a hotel?
A. Fridays. B. Saturdays. C. Sundays. D. Holidays.
B
Gymnastics is one of the most popular sports at the Olympics, which is usually dominated (支配) by teenage girls. But there is one athlete who has broken the unwritten rule of the sport: Oksana Chusovitina.
Born in Uzbekistan in 1975, Chusovitina took part in her first Olympics in Barcelona in 1992, where she won a gold medal in the team event. It was just the beginning of her never-ending story. In 2021, when Chusovitina’s final score was displayed on the screen along with a ranking of 11th, her eighth Olympic journey came to an end. But the judges, media workers, volunteers and others in the venue gave a big round of applause to the great athlete who dedicated (奉献) her life to showing the Olympic spirit.
“Everyone is the same on the playing field, whether you are 16 or 40,” said Chusovitina, “There is nothing in the world I enjoy more than gymnastics. I’m just doing what I love and I’m very proud of what I have achieved in the sport. I want to thank everyone involved in it.” She added that her sports life had ups and downs, and tears of joy and grief, but she didn’t regret it for a single minute.
In the sport full of icons, Chusovitina, 46, is a living legend and hero. The living legend has proven time and again that she is able to erase the “im” from “impossible”. She has been considered as a role model and an inspiration by many athletes, thanks to her perseverance, courage and dedication to gymnastics.
4. Why does the author say Oksana Chusovitina has broken the unwritten rule of the sport?
A. She took part in her first Olympics at the age of 27.
B. She won a gold medal in the team event.
C. Her final score ranked 11th.
D. She continued in the gymnastics sports though not young.
5. What happened to Oksana Chusovitina at the age of 46?
A She missed the chance to take part in the eighth Olympics.
B. She received great respect in the Olympic venue.
C. She was awarded her eighth gold medal in the Olympics.
D. She was injured in a competition for lack of training.
6. Which words in the following can best describe Oksana Chusovitina?
A. Determined and devoted. B. Humble and intelligent.
C. Generous and adventurous. D. Caring and creative.
7. According to the passage, what do you think of Oksana Chusovitina’s sports career?
A. Because of the age, it is a total disaster.
B. During her sports life, she receives lots of help.
C. She enjoys it and is proud of her achievements.
D. She regrets devoting her life to it.
C
A group of wandering wild elephants have become an overnight Internet focus in China and global. The group first captured the attention of the locals in March 2020. after they suddenly left their home in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve.
While the original group was made of 16, two of which decided to return home after a week. The rest have continued their journey northward, stopping only for a short break in November 2020 to allow a newly born calf (幼兽) and its mother to rest.
Since leaving the reserve, the elephants have walked over 310 miles. Along the way, they have got into farms for food and water, walked through urban streets, and even paid a visit to a car shop and a retirement home. Thanks to the alarming eye of the government officials no animals or people have been hurt. However, they have destroyed more than $1 million worth.
Researchers are not sure why the elephants decided to leave or where they are headed. While elephants are known to leave their habitats in search of food, this is the longest moving of wild elephants recorded in China. Because of the extreme distance traveled, some doubt that the elephants may be lost. However, other scientists think the elephants were forced to move due to deforestation. Successful protection efforts have almost doubled the elephant population in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve and the surrounding regions. However, their natural habitat has been continuously reduced to make room for agricultural development.
We’ve seen elephants expanding their range for decades now, as their populations increase, and they search for more food for the growing group, Becky Shu Chen, a scientist at the Zoological Society of London, told The Washington Post.
The wandering elephants’ search for a suitable home has not gone unnoticed by the millions of locals that eagerly follow their daily movements on social media Adam Chang, assigned to deliver food to the elephants, says, “Before this meeting, I just felt curious about animals. Now, I think I would volunteer in animal rights groups to preserve those giant creatures.
8. How many elephants went northward in China?
A. 16 B. 14. C. 17 D. 15
9. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the third paragraph?
A. The calves B. The officials C. The elephants D. The scientists
10. What might have caused the elephants wandering out of their habitats?
A. They didn’t have enough food B. They had no sense of direction
C. The leader of the group led the wrong way D. People grew crops to attract the elephants
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Some wild elephants went northward.
B. China made great progress in protecting.
C. Animal protection and agricultural development are contradictory.
D. China’s wandering wild elephant group attracts the world’s attention.
D
The DentalSlim Diet Control, developed by researchers at New Zealand’s University of Otago, is a device （设备）fitted to patients’ upper and lower back teeth that uses locks to prevent them from properly opening their mouths and eating solid foods.
“It allows the wearer to open their mouths only about 2mm, forcing them to a liquid diet, but it allows free speech and doesn’t limit breathing," the University of Otago said. " Participants in a trial lost an average of 6.36kg in two weeks and were delighted to continue with their weight loss journey.”
Professor Paul Brunton, lead researcher for the DentalSlim Diet Control, noted in the same statement that the device is fitted by a dentist, and the device can be untied by the user with a special tool in case of an emergency, and can be repeatedly fitted and removed. It represents, in his words, “a reversible （可逆的），economical and attractive alternative to operations". “The fact is," Professor Brunton said, “there are no harmful consequences with this device."
Many disagreed. Within hours of the University of Otago announcing the device on Twitter, many people called the device "evil" "hateful" and "disturbing”. Others pointed out that hyperadiposity is often the product of complex factors including biology and social disadvantage, and not something that can be solved by simply forcing people’s mouths shut. More than a handful described the DentalSlim Diet Control as a “dark device".
The University of Otago Twitter account has posted several tweets that sought to better explain their position. "To clarify, the intention of the device is not intended as a quick or long-term weight-loss tool; rather it is aimed to assist people who need to take operations and who cannot have the operation until they have lost weight. After two or three weeks they can have the device removed. They could then have a period with a less limited diet and then go back into treatment." This may also be the reason why they’re calling it a “world-first” device.
The paper admitted that participants said they "occasionally had discomfort and felt that life in general was less satisfying”, but concluded that participants "tolerated the device for a two-week period with satisfactory weight loss."
12. How did the device achieve its purpose?
A. By being fitted to patients’ teeth. B. By allowing patients to speak more.
C. By locking patients’ mouths totally. D. By forcing patients to limit the foods.
13. What is the advantage of this device?
A. It’s safe. B. It’s delicate.
C. It’s professional. D. It’s environmentally friendly.
14. What does the underlined word "hyperadiposity" mean in paragraph 4?
A. Being weak. B. Being fat.
C. Being poor. D. Being sad.
15. Who would accept this kind of device?
A. The people who want to gain weight.
B. The people who want to keep slim.
C. The people who are too heavy to take operations.
D. The people who can tolerate discomfort for a short time.

河南省洛阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are apps help people prepare disasters. Some tell users when a disaster has taken place, other disaster apps can be used when people need rescue or other help. Here are some such apps.
SirenGPS Mobile
The free SirenGPS Mobile app connects users to emergency (突发事件）services at the touch of the screen. The app will let emergency workers know where the person in need is. The app works over cell networks, but it also works on Wi-Fi if cell networks are unavailable. Users can create a personal health report on the app to share with emergency services.
Guardly
Guardly is an app that can help keep people safe in places such as companies and universities. This app allows workers and students to report about unsafe conditions, dangerous activities and more. Reports can be sent to an organization as well as government emergency services. The reporter's location can be sent with the report so that emergency services' help can arrive more quickly.
Life360
The Life360 app provides a service to keep loved ones connected. Users can set up a network of people to share their location, chat, and be reminded when they are near someone in their network. People in the same network can use the app on iPhone and Android devices. The app helps users communicate when they are in a disaster.
Red Panic Button
When a person is in a dangerous situation, the Red Panic Button app might help. This app can send a text message or an email to chosen contacts, providing the user’s location. You can also add a voice or video message and/or a photo to your text message or email. This app can also be used to contact emergency services.
21. What can SirenGPS Mobile be used for?
A. Sending video messages. B. Watching disasters online.
C. Getting emergency services. D. Training emergency workers.
22. Guardly would most probably be used by someone wanting to__________.
A. find a friend’s location B. prevent a dangerous activity
C. create a personal health report D. provide emergency services in person
23. Which app would you use to stay in touch with your friends?
A. Life360. B. SirenGPS Mobile.
C. Guardly. D. Red Panic Button.

24. What do the four apps have in common?
A. They all can be helpful in a disaster.
B. They all can tell users' health condition.
C. They are all developed by the same company.
D. They are all used to contact emergency services.
B
A few weeks ago，I drove down a back road in West Virginia. Sometime after I passed Spruce Mountain，my phone lost service — and I knew it would remain silent for the next few days. I was headed toward Green Bank, a town that agrees to the ban (禁止) on technology in the United States. The people there do without not only cellphones but also Wi-Fi , microwave ovens, and any other devices that create signals.
The ban is to protect the Green Bank Observatory，a group of radio telescopes (无线电望远镜）in a mountain valley. The telescopes are very powerful for human beings. Scientists travel here to measure gravitational (引力的)waves. Astronomers study the stars. It has also become a destination for alien hunters who hope to discover messages there sent from other planets. And in the past ten years, the town has become a destination for people who believe they’re sick of cellphone towers.
I came in hopes of finding a certain kind of wildness and solitude (独处）. I live in Massachusetts, and I often disappear into the forests and rivers to clear my head. I've always loved the moment when the bars on my phone disappear. When I’m out of range entirely , time grows elastic (有弹性的）. I feel deeply free.
In theory(理论），I could achieve this kind of freedom anywhere by shutting off my cellphone. But that has never worked for me — and I doubt it doesn't for most other people either. Turn off your phone and you will turn it on again. To experience the deepest solitude, you need to enter the land where the Internet ends.
25. What can be found in Spruce Mountain?
A. Digital devices. B. Available smartphones.
C. Radio telescopes. D. Cellphone towers.
26. What kind of people may choose to go to Spruce Mountain?
A. Advocates for green life.
B. Protesters against cellphones.
C. Passionate hunters for wildlife.
D. Scientists exploring the earth.
27. How does the author feel about the condition of Spruce Mountain?
A. Scary. B. Tricky. C. Rewarding. D. Depressing.
C
The old Berlin was known for its fine music, food, and art. Its streets were full of historical buildings and there were beautiful views everywhere. However, for 28 years, from 1961 to 1989, the city was divided into East and West Berlin by the Berlin Wall. This wall separated two areas that were controlled by different powers. During this time, Berlin lost some of its liveliness.
Nowadays，however, the city has many immigrant groups and a rising art and music culture. Berlin has become one of the most lively, multicultural cities in Europe. Today, about 3. 5 million people live there. A half million of these people were not born in Germany. These immigrants have come from 185 different countries. Many live in communities with other people from their homelands. Each of these neighborhoods is a great place to see and each has a very different look and feel.
Kreuzberg
Many people from the country of Turkey now live in the area of Kreuzberg. This is a lively, happy area. In addition to all the special foods from Turkey and the bookstores, you also find nightclubs here. In these clubs, young people from many different cultures come together to play music and dance all night.
Art Mile
In the recent past, most artists lived and worked in West Berlin. But today everything has changed. The “Art Mile” was an area in East Berlin that wasn't very interesting in the past. It is now the city's lively art center. Berlin has two international art events in the “Art Mile. ” These events attract thousands of visitors from around the world each year,
Prenzlauer Berg
Visitors love the neighborhood called Prenzlauer Berg. Its streets are jumping with the energy of all the musicians, artists, and designers who live and work there. But there are also quiet, restful shops where people drink tea, read books, or write their own stories.
28. What does the underlined word “immigrant” in the second paragraph most probably mean?
A. Exchange students who are studying further.
B. People passionate about German art and music.
C. Staff who are engaged in working together.
D. A person coming to live in another country.
29. From the passage we can learn that the “Art Mile”_________.
A. used to be popular B. lies in West Berlin
C. is now the art center D. isn't interesting as before
30. Which of the following does the author mainly talk about?
A. Shocking changes of Berlin. B. Uniqueness of new Berlin.
C. How people view Berlin, D. Why people chose Berlin.
31. What method does the author mainly use in writing the passage?
A. Providing facts. B. Comparing differences.
C. Listing numbers. D. Making a summary.
D
Twenty-four-year-old Ohio boy Ian Burkhart lost all hope of being able to move his limbs(肢）again after a tragic diving accident left him disabled six years ago. But on April 13, doctors from the Ohio State University and Battelle Memorial Institute reported that for the first time in medical history, they had been able to restore movement to the young man’s fingers without the use of external prosthetics (修复学）. This means that Ian can perform tasks like brushing his teeth , pouring water into a glass and even playing Guitar Hero by just thinking about them. They are amazing achievements for someone whose body has been totally lifeless for many years.
Ian was vacationing at the beach when he dived into a shallow wave. The impact of hitting the sandy bottom caused extensive damage to his spine (脊椎），leaving the young boy disabled from the chest (胸部)down. Fortunately for Ian, just 25 minutes away from his hometown of Dublin, some researchers at the Battelle Memorial Institute were developing Neurolife - a technology that enables the disabled to move their limbs with the power of their thoughts.
The experiment was not without danger. Even if the operation was successful, there was no guarantee (保证)that the technology would work given that it had never been tested on a human before. However, these problems did not discourage Ian. He said，“I knew I was going to be taken care of，and something is going to come along to help people like me eventually. '' The technology now only works when Ian’s hand is connected to the computers in the lab. Dr. Ali Rezai, a researcher, says, your final goal is to help all people with disabilities become more independent and have control. ''
32. Why was Ian injured?
A. Because of his careless driving.
B. Because he was not good at swimming.
C. Because he didn't dive in time.
D. Because of the impact of hitting.
33. How is Iran now?
A. He is able to play the guitar. B. He is almost independent.
C. He can control his legs. D. He can control his fingers.
34. What's Ian's attitude towards his operation?
A. He is anxious about the effect.
B. He thinks his recovery is promising.
C. He feels fortunate that he survived at last.
D. He is frightened at the potential of disability.
35. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Moving Limbs with the Power of Thought
B. Human Technology Is Super Powerful
C. A Medical Pioneer- Ian Burkhart
D. A Professional Rescue of External Prosthetics

河南省焦作市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Laughter is more like an animal call than it is like speech—but it's also one of our most important forms of communication.
In this talk, Sophie Scott will explore the natural history and neuroscience（神经学）of laughter, stressing its role in social contact and play, as well as its role in emotional expressions and communication. She will set out what we know about the neural basis of laughter awareness and production, and a little of what we know about laughter and humour. Sophie will also present some of the reasons why so few people study laughter scientifically.
Sophie has pioneered the study of the human voice as a social signal, and she has recently started to look for the ways that nonverbal emotional expressions like laughter are used socially. At night, she wants to turn theory into practice in the talk show.
What's included in your ticket:
◆Live lecture lasting 60 minutes, including Q&A（Question and Answer）with Sophie Scott
◆On-demand access to a recording of the lecture and Q&A for 12 months
◆Extra content from New Scientist
Health and Wellbeing（福利）Series
The Health and Wellbeing Series from New Scientist events will feature four online talks（live and available on-demand）in October（Sleep Engineering）, January（Nutrition）, February（Brain Power）, and March（Laughter）, covering the latest developments in health, from some of the finest minds in science.
You can buy a single ticket to one lecture for just £13（early booking rate）, or save 25% by buying a series ticket to all four live online Health and Wellbeing Series lectures.
21. What information can you get from Sophie's talk?
A. Laughter is actually the same as humor.
B. More and more scientists will study laughter.
C. Laughter hasn't got enough scientific research.
D. Laughter has much in common with animal calls.
22. What can you do if you pay to listen to Sophie's talk?
A. Ask questions in person.
B. Take part in a study of laughter.
C. Listen to talks from New Scientist.
D. Listen to different recorded lectures for free.
23. How much should you pay if you buy all the four live online series lectures?
A. £13. B. £25. C. £39. D. £52.
B
"What is your name?" I asked as I offered the gentleman some freshly made blueberry and banana pancakes. "I go by Mr. X," he told me and gladly accepted the pancakes. He immediately noted, "Now there ' re a lot of blueberries!"
Mr. X told me about a lady who brought him some soup with blueberries, about which he was very happy until he discovered there was only 1 blueberry in the soup. Since he wanted more blueberries in his soup, his solution was to just put the pancakes into his soup. And then he began to talk, and talk, and talk.
As Mr. X would near the end of one story, meaning that he was almost done, he would tail off into another story. He just wanted someone to listen to him. He told me the details of how a friend of his was hit by a car as if he were standing there watching. Nothing he said came without a vivid description. It had to be true, I thought. I just listened. Then, Mr. X began to tell me about the government covering up their knowledge of aliens. I began to think, "Was anything Mr. X was telling me true? Was he making this up?"
He told me that he was nearly hit by a car. I wanted to believe him, but I realized that the truth wasn't really important right now. Mr. X just longed for some company. I was able to provide him with that for nearly an hour. As a matter of fact, Mr. X did indeed have a friend knocked down by a car nearly two years ago. Everything he told me about that event was indeed exact. What' s the difference between reality and invention?
That's not for me to decide. My role was to provide Mr. X with the space to tell his stories. I hope to see him again someday.
24. How did Mr. X feel after he checked the given soup?
A. Happy. B. Thankful. C. Surprised. D. Disappointed.
25. Why did Mr. X put the pancakes into the soup?
A. To show his anger. B. To please the author.
C. To add more blueberries to it. D. To make the pancakes delicious.
26. What did the author think of Mr. X's stories at first?
A. He doubted them. B. He didn't care about them.
C. He believed them completely. D. He thought them interesting.
27. How did the author respond to Mr. X?
A. By offering him space to stay. B. By trying to be a good listener.
C. By preventing him talking politely. D. By questioning the truth in his stories.
C
Armed with surprisingly powerful forelegs, the brown bear, also known as grizzly, is the fastest of the eight bear species, reaching speeds of up to 35 mph. The grizzly is only slightly faster than the world 's most common bear species, the American black bear.
Of course, a bear would be able to achieve such a speed only at the top of its athletic ability—not fresh out of hibernation（冬眠）, having lost 15% to 30% of its body weight—and only on certain soft, flat surfaces into which their long claws（爪子）can run easily.
In any case, bears are surprisingly fast considering their huge bodies. Discover the characters that make their quickness possible, and what to do（besides run）if you encounter one in the wild.
Even the fastest known human on Earth, Usain Bolt, could not run faster than a determined black or grizzly bear at its top speed. The famous Jamaican short-distance runner achieved the fastest recorded human foot speed ever during a 2009 race in Berlin. He was clocked going an unbelievable 27.8 mph, about 4 mph faster than his average（平均）speed and more than 10 mph faster than the average human runner. Still, that's 7 mph slower than the supposed top speed of a grizzly and just over 2 mph short of a black bear's.
At his record speed, Bolt may be able to run faster than a slow polar bear, which tops out at 24 mph, or a panda, which can reportedly go 20 mph. A bear, however, can keep up speeds of 25 to 28 miles per hour for 2 miles. The average human, running at a comparatively slow 15 mph, would simply not stand a chance. The good news is that bears, and most wildlife, would usually rather avoid humans than run after them. They generally only attack to protect their food, young, and space.
28. What does the text mainly tell about the bear?
A. Its types. B. Its speed. C. Its power. D. Its weight.
29. What does the underlined word "encounter" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Watch over. B. Pick out. C. Run after. D. Come across.
30. Why did the author mention the world-famous runner?
A. To make readers better understand the bears' speed.
B. To describe the fastest man in the world.
C. To warn us of the great danger from the bears.
D. To introduce a new topic to discuss.
31. Which of the following runs the second fastest according to the last paragraph?
A. A bear. B. A panda. C. A polar bear. D. An average human.
D
A Thai town's popular "monkey festival" returned Sunday after a two-year break caused by the pandemic.
The fun event took place in Lopburi in central Thailand. There, thousands of monkeys ate lots of fruits and vegetables. The animals could be seen climbing on people and colorful fruit formations made of pineapples, bananas and even costly durians（榴莲）.
"Today's special is the durian, which is expensive. Lopburi monkeys like expensive things," said Yongyuth Kitwatananusont. She has organised over 30 monkey festivals.
The huge fresh meal cost over $3,000. It is a yearly tradition for locals in Lopburi to thank the monkeys for doing their part in bringing tourists to the area, which is sometimes known as "Monkey Province". The event takes place on the last Sunday in November.
The theme for this year's festival was wheelchair monkeys. Yongyuth, the event organiser, planned to give 100 wheelchairs to people who have difficulty in walking.
Tourists have been slowly returning to Thailand after the government started a quarantine-free（免隔离）travel plan for vaccinated（已接种疫苗的）visitors in November. The country saw more than 100, 000 travelers in November. That is as many as the number of arrivals in the first 10 months of 2021.
The festival proved to be a popular event this year. Tourists were seen playing with monkeys with their cameras. "I'm really happy to get to see this and now I' m thinking about going to the next festival, " said Ayoub Boukhari, a visitor from Morocco. "It's quite unexpected and the monkeys are quite lovely."
The return of the tradition also pleased locals. "It's the first time in two years that monkeys have got a chance to eat all kinds of fruits and vegetables," said Lopburi local Thanida Phudjeeb. "I' m happy for them."
32. What did the monkeys do on this year's festival?
A. They went anywhere they want. B. They were offered a special treat.
C. They handed out fruits to tourists. D. They were dressed up to amuse visitors.
33. What is the purpose of this year's monkey festival?
A. To protect wild monkeys. B. To attract more foreign tourists.
C. To bring benefits to some people. D. To introduce local cultural traditions.
34. What can we know about the festival from paragraph 7?
A. Positive reaction from tourists. B. Requirements visitors need to meet.
C. A big increase in the number of tourists. D. Locals' passion for the festival.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Monkeys Make Local Tourism a Success B. Tourists Visit Thailand to Watch Monkeys
C. Animals Live Peacefully with Humans Here D. Monkey Festival Returns to Town in Thailand

答案：
河南省开封市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文中介绍了星巴克、谷歌和耐克品牌名字的由来，并说明品牌名字的重要性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Starbucks部分的中间The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.(创始人最初的是想以船长Ahab的船的名字来命名公司。但他们最终认定(船的名字)佩特不是咖啡的好名字，所以他们选择了亚哈的大副星巴克，作为名字。)由此可知，这艘船的名字叫Pequot，故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Google”部分中内容when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology(当该公司的创始人正在寻找一个新名字，来表示他们搜索引擎技术的快速发展。)由此可推断出，改名是因为公司的搜索引擎技术的快速发展，故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“恰当的名字对于一个公司的成功是至关重要的，一个伟大故事的起源和一个伟大的产品一样重要。一个吸引人的故事起源是一个让顾客猜测、疑惑和购买公司产品的东西。”可知，D项表述符合文意，故选D项。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者把心爱的画送人。赠人玫瑰，手留余香。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句I thought it truly captured the freedom and fun of childhood.“我认为它真正抓住了童年的自由和乐趣。”可知，作者之所以欣赏这幅画“Snap the Whip”，是因为他欣赏这幅画的自由和乐趣。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段In the painting，a group of young boys are playing a game arm in arm on the grass ground in front of a farm house. They are jumping and laughing wildly with great joy. One of the boys is falling down to the ground. They are not even wearing shoes!“在画中一群小男孩在草地上玩游戏，手挽着手地在一个农场的房子前面。他们高兴得又蹦又笑。一个男孩倒在地上。他们甚至没有穿鞋!”可推断，这幅画是关于孩子的天性的。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中In the painting，a group of young boys are playing a game arm in arm on the grass ground in front of a farm house. They are jumping and laughing wildly with great joy.“在绘画中一群年轻的男孩在草地上玩游戏手挽着手地在一个农场的房子前面。他们高兴得又蹦又笑。”可知，这幅画抓住了童年的自由和乐趣。因此推断画线词与caught意义相近。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句I was happy that she brought back this wonderful memory for me.“我很高兴她给我带回了这段美好的回忆。”可知，作者看到这幅画挂在女人的房间时感到高兴。故选D。
【点睛】做推理判断题时要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第4小题，根据最后一段最后一句I was happy that she brought back this wonderful memory for me.“我很高兴她给我带回了这段美好的回忆。”可知，作者看到这幅画挂在女人的房间时感到高兴。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究表明：年轻人起床晚是一种自然的事情，所以英国一所私立学校推迟了学生的上课时间，是从下午一点半开始上课，它将成为是英国最晚的上课时间，也是唯一一所下午开始上课的学校，效果还有待评估。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Head teacher Guy Holloway says the move for all sixth grade students, set to begin from September, has been made according to research by scientists.(校长Guy Holloway说，根据科学家的研究，将从9月开始对所有六年级学生实施这一举措)”可知，从文章中，我们关于新的上课时间了解到的是：它以科学研究为基础。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A private sixth grade is set to start its lessons at 1:30 pm every day because the school's teacher thinks his students will study better after a morning lie-in (懒觉).(一个私立六年级的学生每天下午1:30开始上课，因为学校的老师认为他的学生在早上睡懒觉后学习会更好)”可知，学校决定下午1:30开始上课的原因是：这可能对学生的学习有好处。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Experts say young people are programmed to get up later, and that rather than laziness it is simply a shift (转变) in their body clocks.(专家表示，年轻人习惯于晚起，而不是懒惰，这只是他们生物钟的变化)”可知，专家们对年轻人晚起的看法是：年轻人晚起是很自然的事。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了研究表明：年轻人起床晚是一种自然的事情，所以英国一所私立学校推迟了学生的上课时间，是从下午一点半开始上课，它将成为是英国最晚的上课时间，也是唯一一所下午开始上课的学校。特别是根据第五段第一句““There are 168 hours in a week and how productive they are depends on how they choose to use those hours”, said Mr Holloway(“一周有168个小时，他们的工作效率如何取决于他们如何选择利用这些时间，”Holloway先生说)”可知，这篇文章的主旨是：晚一点上课可以提高学生的工作效率。故选D。
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们在大堡礁附近发现了一座水下珊瑚塔及其相关信息，这使科学家认为对海洋的了解还很少，应该对大堡礁做更多的研究。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers who discovered the reef were on a year-long trip aboard the Schmidt Ocean Institute’s research ship Falkor, where they were working to map the sea floor around Australia. (发现这片珊瑚礁的研究人员是在施密特海洋研究所 “Falkor”号科考船上进行为期一年的旅行，他们正在那里绘制澳大利亚周围海床的地图。)”可知，研究者乘坐“Falkor”号科考船在澳大利亚周围进行海底绘图。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The scientists used a special underwater robot called SuBastian to help them explore and develop 3D maps. In late October, as part of their exploration, the team came across the tower. (科学家们使用了一种名为SuBastian的特殊水下机器人来帮助他们探索和开发3D地图。10月底，作为探险的一部分，探险队发现了这座塔。)”可知，该机器人对于发现珊瑚塔起着重要作用。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“At the bottom, the tower is nearly a mile wide. But from there, it becomes much more narrow, rising 1,640 feet and stopping just 130 feet below the surface of the ocean. (塔的底部几乎有一英里宽。但从那里开始，它就变窄了，上升1640英尺，停在洋面下130英尺处。)”以及其他描述，可知，本段主要说明的是塔的信息。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中““It’s a big reef not to have known about,” said Tom Bridge, “What it highlights is how little we know about the ocean, even the Great Barrier Reef. The Great Barrier Reef is bigger than many European countries and that only a small part of it is made of the shallow water reefs it’s famous for.”(“这是一个不为人知的大珊瑚礁，”Tom Bridge说，“它强调的是，我们对很多海洋甚至大堡礁都知之甚少。大堡礁比许多欧洲国家都大，只有一小部分是由它著名的浅水礁构成的。”)”可知，应该对大堡礁进行更多的研究。故选D项。

河南省开封市五县2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个有特色的餐馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Restaurant with a View部分中的最后一句话“That’s when their seats at ground level are lifted to the high-level observation room at a surprising speed.(这时，他们的地面座位以惊人的速度被抬到了高层观察室)”可知，在the Top of the World restaurant里吃饭，可期待刺激的提升体验，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Theatrical Experience部分中的最后两句话“The service is unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime and keep you happy with performances in between courses.(这项服务是独一无二的。你的服务员会用哑剧来传达你点的菜，并让你在两道菜之间的表演感到满意)”可知，在Mime餐馆中，服务员和顾客之间无声地比画交流，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Here are some restaurants that offer an original restaurant experience. See for yourself which ones you like.(以下是一些提供原创餐厅体验的餐厅。你自己看看你喜欢哪一个)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了几个有特色的餐馆。由此推知，这篇文章最可能出现在娱乐杂志上。故选B。
【答案】4 C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者自己一家人是如何帮助两个孩子应对转校问题的。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“This July my husband and I decided to move both our kids, aged 14 and 10, from their previous schools to a new international school that’s located in our neighborhood.”（今年7月，我和丈夫决定把我们两个14岁和10岁的孩子从以前的学校搬到我们社区的一所新国际学校。）可知，作者的孩子们转校的一个原因可能就是新学校离家特别近，非常方便。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据三段“To make our children comfortable before, during and after the move, we included them in our plan from the beginning. They’re big enough to take part in decision-making activities. We researched, compared, and asked questions. We listed everything about their old schools and the new one, and we discussed every item. We were open with them from the start. Our kids knew what was going on and what was about to happen. They had time to prepare themselves. They trusted us.”（为了让我们的孩子在搬家前、搬家中和搬家后都感到舒适，我们从一开始就把他们纳入了我们的计划中。他们大到可以参与决策活动。我们研究，比较，并提出问题。我们列出了他们的新老学校，并讨论了每一个项目。我们从一开始就对他们敞开心扉。我们的孩子知道发生了什么，即将发生什么。他们有时间做准备。他们信任我们。）可知，为了帮助孩子们处理转校问题，父母与他们开诚布公地交流。故选D。
【6题详解】
短语猜测题。根据上文“For the first three months, we kept an eye on our children’s academic(学业的) performance and their social life. If we discovered a drop in their grades or any unusual behavior, we were quick to arrange appointments with their teachers. ”（头三个月，我们密切关注孩子们的学习成绩和社交生活。如果我们发现他们的成绩下降或任何不寻常的行为，我们会很快安排与他们的老师见面。）划线短语后半句话“but it doesn’t mean we let them go completely”（但这并不意味着我们完全放养他们）可知，划线短语与该句的we let them go completely是父母对待孩子态度的两个极端，所以“直升机父母”指的是那些密切关注孩子一举一动的父母，与完全放养孩子的父母形成对比。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文第三段“To make our children comfortable before, during and after the move, we included them in our plan from the beginning. They’re big enough to take part in decision-making activities. We researched, compared, and asked questions. We listed everything about their old schools and the new one, and we discussed every item. We were open with them from the start. Our kids knew what was going on and what was about to happen. They had time to prepare themselves. They trusted us.”（为了让我们的孩子在搬家前、搬家中和搬家后都感到舒适，我们从一开始就把他们纳入了我们的计划。他们足够大，可以参与决策活动。我们研究、比较并提出问题。我们列出了他们旧学校和新学校的所有信息，并讨论了每一项。我们从一开始就对他们持开放态度。我们的孩子知道发生了什么和即将发生什么。他们有时间做准备。他们信任我们。）可知，父母应该让孩子做好做决定的准备。。故选B。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述根据澳大利亚科廷大学的研究，当你想要记忆大量信息的时候，最好在色彩明亮的房间里待着。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句话“What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying? We are going to guess that they are probably not painted bright red or yellow.(什么样的房间是你最喜欢的学习场所？我们将猜测它们可能没有被涂成鲜红色或黄色)”可推知，人们普遍的观点是色彩明亮的房间不利于学习。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话“And they seem to be: The Curtin University study showed that pale colors made participants feel more relaxed and calm, while bright colors increased heart rate.(事实似乎是这样的：柯廷大学的研究表明，苍白的颜色使参与者感到更放松和平静，而明亮的颜色则增加了心率)”可知，直接影响研究结果的是参与者对颜色的反应。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话“Although participants reported that they generally preferred the pale rooms to study in as an approach to relax into work, the researchers saw just the opposite — that the bright-colored rooms seemed to lead to greater concentration.(尽管参与者报告说，他们通常更喜欢在浅色的房间里学习，以此作为放松工作的一种方式，但研究人员看到的恰恰相反——明亮的房间似乎能让人更集中注意力)”可知，色彩明亮的房间可以制造适当的压力，让人们学习时能够更加集中注意力。由此推知，当你想集中注意力时，压力是必要的。故选B。
【11题详解】
文章大意题。根据文章第一段第一句“What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying?.(什么样的房间是你最喜欢的学习场所？)”可知，文章与适合学习的房间颜色有关，然后在第二段中介绍Curtin大学的相关研究，研究人员发现色彩艳丽的房间让人感到压力，却更能让人集中注意力，最后一段则介绍初步结论——适当压力会让人取得好成绩。即房间的颜色会影响学习成绩。C项“房间的颜色会影响一个人的学习成绩”，符合文意。故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇科技说明文。文章主要讲述未来的智能城市给人们的生活带来的便利。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are monitored and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors (传感器) around the city.”（在荷兰阿姆斯特丹，交通流量和能源使用根据从城市周围传感器收集的实时数据进行监测和调整。）可知，智能城市可以实时监控交通堵塞情况，车流状况可以被监测得到并适时调整。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Smart cities will be interactive, allowing their residents to feel like they’re truly shaping their environment, instead of merely existing in it. “One of the most important reasons to have a smart city is that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never had in the past,” Mrinalini Ingram told Tech Republic.”（智能城市将是互动式的，让居民感觉他们在真正塑造自己的环境，而不仅仅是生活在其中。Mrinalini Ingram告诉Tech Republic：“拥有智慧城市的最重要原因之一是，我们可以以过去从未有过的方式与环境进行沟通。”）可知，“Smart cities will be interactive”指在智能城市中，人们可以用前所未有的新方式和环境进行沟通。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These cities will use 5G networks to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Cities like Boston, Baltimore, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve people’s lives.”（这些城市将使用5G网络，使日常生活更安全、更方便。波士顿、巴尔的摩、阿姆斯特丹和哥本哈根等城市已经在使用智能技术改善人们的生活。）可知，很多大城市的居民可以从智能化城市生活中受益。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Of course, it will take time and money to tum our present cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already using smart technology in small ways. China, for instance, is making investments in big cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou to make them “smarter”. It won’t be long until even more cities start to develop their own smart infrastructure (基础设施).”（当然，把我们现在的城市改造成未来的智能城市需要时间和金钱。但正如我们已经看到的，世界上越来越多的城市已经在小规模地使用智能技术。例如，中国正在对上海和广州等大城市进行投资，以使它们“更智能”。不久之后，将有更多的城市开始开发自己的智能基础设施）可知，尽管智能化城市需要大量时间与资金，但在不久的将来，越来越多的城市将会发展智能化的基础设施，作者对此持乐观态度。故选C。

河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高一上期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者主要介绍了一些预定宾馆前以及入住期间如何节约金钱的建议。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“There are so many other factors to consider to help you save money, both before you book and during your stay.”（为了帮助你省钱，在你预定前和入住期间，有很多因素要考虑）可知，本文的主要目的是为了帮即将或已经入住酒店的读者省钱，故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Go out to eat小标题下“Though room service sounds really appealing, prices for food on the menu can be twice as much as you would pay for the same food at a restaurant.”（尽管房间服务听起来很吸引人，菜单上的食物价格会是你在一家餐馆里点的同样的食物的两倍）可知，房间服务费会让你花更多的钱，故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Avoid the weekend小标题下 “Hotels in popular destinations regularly raise their rates on Fridays and Saturdays. In some cases, it can be as much as three times more than Sunday through Thursday nights.”（热门地点的宾馆会在周五和周六定期提高他们的价格。在某些情况下，它可能是周日到周四晚上的三倍多）可知，周日是最好的选择。故选C项。
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维蒂娜的体育生涯和成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Gymnastics is one of the most popular sports at the Olympics, which is usually dominated (支配) by teenage girls”(体操是奥运会上最受欢迎的运动之一，通常由十几岁的女孩主导)和第二段第一句中的“Born in Uzbekistan in 1975”(1975年生于乌兹别克斯坦)可知，作者说奥克萨娜·丘索维蒂娜打破了这项运动的不成文规则是因为她虽然不年轻了但仍继续从事体操运动。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Born in Uzbekistan in 1975”(1975年生于乌兹别克斯坦)可知，2021年时丘索维蒂娜已经46岁，根据第二段最后一句“But the judges, media workers, volunteers and others in the venue gave a big round of applause to the great athlete who dedicated (奉献) her life to showing the Olympic spirit.”(但在场的评委、媒体工作者、志愿者和其他人向这位毕生致力于展示奥林匹克精神的伟大运动员报以热烈的掌声。)可知，这一年她在奥运场馆受到了极大的尊重。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“But the judges, media workers, volunteers and others in the venue gave a big round of applause to the great athlete who dedicated (奉献) her life to showing the Olympic spirit.”(但在场的评委、媒体工作者、志愿者和其他人向这位毕生致力于展示奥林匹克精神的伟大运动员报以热烈的掌声。)可知，丘索维蒂娜很有奉献精神。根据最后一段最后一句“She has been considered as a role model and an inspiration by many athletes, thanks to her perseverance, courage and dedication to gymnastics”(由于她的毅力、勇气和对体操的奉献精神，她被许多运动员视为榜样和鼓舞人心的人)可知，丘索维蒂娜是一个坚定的人。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒第二段第三句“I’m just doing what I love and I’m very proud of what I have achieved in the sport”(我只是在做我热爱的事情，我为我在这项运动中取得的成就感到自豪)可知，她热爱体育事业并为自己的成就感到自豪。故选C。
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一群在中国西南地区游荡的野象在社交媒体上吸引了全球的关注。专家说，这种漫长的象群旅行是非常罕见的。它们一路上都得到了人类的宽容对待。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段前两句话“While the original group was made of 16, two of which decided to return home after a week. The rest have continued their journey northward, stopping only for a short break in November 2020 to allow a newly born calf (幼兽) and its mother to rest.”可知，最开始的时候有十六只象，一周以后其中两只决定返回家，其余的十四只象选择继续北徙。2020年11月它们做了短暂的休息因为有一只幼兽出生了，所以北徙的野象最终共有15只。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“Since leaving the reserve, the elephants have walked over 310 miles. Along the way, they have got into farms for food and water, walked through urban streets, and even paid a visit to a car shop and a retirement home. Thanks to the alarming eye of the government officials no animals or people have been hurt. However, they have destroyed more than $1 million worth.”可知，象群已离开保护区，向北迁徙210公里。一路上，它们为了寻找食物和水，穿过田地和闹市，甚至进入车店和养老院。虽然它们造成了一百多万美元的损失，但是得到了人类的宽容对待。所以这里的they是指象群。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“While elephants are known to leave their habitats in search of food, this is the longest moving of wild elephants recorded in China. ”（虽然人们知道大象会离开栖息地寻找食物，但这是中国有记录以来野生大象移动时间最长的一次。）根据第五段“We’ve seen elephants expanding their range for decades now, as their populations increase, and they search for more food for the growing group”（几十年来，随着大象数量的增加，它们的活动范围不断扩大，它们为不断增长的种群寻找更多的食物）所以象群北徙很可能是为了给增长的象群寻找更多的食物。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“A group of wandering wild elephants have become an overnight Internet focus in China and global. The group first captured the attention of the locals in March 2020.”提到，一群游荡的野象吸引了全世界人民的注意。最后一段再一次点题，提到“The wandering elephants’ search for a suitable home has not gone unnoticed by the millions of locals that eagerly follow their daily movements on social media”，游荡的野象也引起了几百万当地人的关注，人们在社交媒体上时刻关注着它们的动态。所以文章主要在讲人们对于野象北徙这一事件的关注。故选D项。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了新西兰奥塔哥大学的研究人员开发的一款设备，通过锁住患者的牙齿限制饮食，达到节食减肥的效果。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The DentalSlim Diet Control, developed by researchers at New Zealand’s University of Otago, is a device （设备）fitted to patients’ upper and lower back teeth that uses locks to prevent them from properly opening their mouths and eating solid foods.
（由新西兰奥塔哥大学的研究人员开发的“牙齿瘦身饮食控制”是一种安装在人上、下后牙上的装置，它通过锁来阻止人正常张嘴进食固体食物。）”即这款设备通过迫使人限制饮食达到减肥的目的，故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“ “The fact is," Professor Brunton said, “there are no harmful consequences with this device." （布伦顿教授说，“事实是，这个装置不会造成有害后果。” ） ”可知它是安全的，故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线处后面的句子“including biology and social disadvantage, and not something that can be solved by simply forcing people’s mouths shut.（包括生物学和社会不良原因，并不是可以通过简单地迫使人们的嘴闭上得到解决）” 由此推断前面意思是另一些人指出，肥胖通常是复杂因素的产物，故猜测hyperadiposity为肥胖的意思，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To clarify, the intention of the device is not intended as a quick or long-term weight-loss tool; rather it is aimed to assist people who need to take operations and who cannot have the operation until they have lost weight.（澄清一下，该设备的目的不是作为一个快速或长期的减肥工具;相反，它的目的是帮助那些需要做手术的人，但他们必须减肥才能做手术。）”可只是太胖而不能做手术的人需要这个设备进行减肥，故选C。

河南省洛阳市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
21. C22. B23. A 24. D25. C26. D27. C 28. D29. C30. B 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A

河南省焦作市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一位研究笑的科学家举办的讲座的内容及收费标准。
21. 答案C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第二段的“Sophie will also present some of the reasons why so few people study laughter scientifically”可知，索菲还将解释为什么很少有人科学地研究笑。即以前对笑缺乏科学研究。
22. 答案A
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据What's included in your ticket 后面的“Live lecture lasting 60 minutes, including Q&A（Question and Answer）with Sophie Scott”可知，买票之后你可以去听60分钟的现场讲座，包括与索菲·斯科特的问答。
23. 答案C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据最后一段的内容可知，你可以只花13英镑（提前预订）就能买到一场讲座的票，或者购买4场在线健康与健康系列讲座的系列票，可以节省25%。一场讲座的票是13英镑，四场讲座是52英镑，减去25%（13英镑），实际需要付39英镑。
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者送给一名男子一些刚做的蓝莓煎饼和香蕉煎饼。此人愉快地接受了煎饼，但他却滔滔不绝地讲述他的经历。作者觉得自己的角色是为此人提供讲述他的故事的机会。
24. 答案D
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第二段的“Mr. X told me about a lady who brought him some soup with blueberries, about which he was very happy until he discovered there was only 1 blueberry in the soup.”可推知，他检查之后感到失望。
25. 答案C
命题透析
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第二段的“Since he wanted more blueberries in his soup, his solution was to just put the pancakes into his soup.”可知，因为他想汤里有更多的蓝莓，他的解决办法就是把煎饼放进汤里。
26. 答案A
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第三段的“I began to think, ‘Was anything Mr. X was telling me true? Was he making this up?’”可知，作者一开始对Mr. X说的事持怀疑态度。
27. 答案B
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据最后一段的“My role was to provide Mr. X with the space to tell his stories.”可知，作者做了一个好的倾听者。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的话题是熊能跑多快。拥有惊人有力前肢的棕熊，也被称为灰熊，是八种熊类中速度最快的，速度可达每小时35英里。
28. 答案B
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 通读文章，尤其是根据第一段的“Armed with surprisingly powerful forelegs, the brown bear, also known as grizzly, is the fastest of the eight bear species, reaching speeds of up to35mph.”可知，文章谈论的是话题熊的奔跑速度。
29. 答案D
命题透析 词义猜测题。
思路点拨 根据第三段的“Discover the characters that make their quickness possible, and what to do（besides run）if you encounter one in the wild.”可知，此处表示发现它们敏捷的特征，以及如果你在野外遇到它们，你应该做什么（除了奔跑）。此处encounter的意思是“遭遇”，与come across同义。
30. 答案A
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第四段的内容可知，世界上跑得最快的人还要比灰熊的最高时速低7英里，比黑熊的最高时速低2英里。作者提到此人是为了让我们更好地理解熊的奔跑速度。
31. 答案C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第五段和第六段的内容可知，一头熊的时速是25-28英里，速度最快；一头北极熊的时速是24英里，是第二快；一头熊猫的时速是20英里；普通人的时速是15英里。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。泰国一个小镇受欢迎的“猴子节”在因疫情中断两年之后于周日恢复。这个有趣的活动在泰国中部的华富里举行。在那里，成千上万的猴子吃大量的水果和蔬菜。人们可以看到这些动物爬在人身上和各种各样的水果堆上。
32. 答案B
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第二段内容可知，举办方为猴子准备了丰盛的食物。
33. 答案C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第五段的内容可知，今年艺术节的主题是轮椅猴子。活动主办方Yongyuth计划向有需要的人捐赠100辆轮椅。即为行动不便的人带来好处。
34. 答案A
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第七段的内容可知，这个节日是今年很受欢迎的活动。有人看到游客拿着相机和猴子玩。来自摩洛哥的游客说：“能看到这个我真的很高兴，现在我在考虑参加下一个猴子节。”即本段主要叙述了游客的积极反应。
35. 答案D
命题透析 标题归纳题。
思路点拨 根据第一段“A Thai town's popular ‘monkey festival’ returned Sunday after a two-year break caused by the pandemic.”可知，文章谈论的话题是：泰国一个小镇受欢迎的“猴子节”在因疫情中断两年之后于周日恢复。