牛津版 (深圳&广州)七年级下册（2012秋审查）Unit 3 Our animal friends.学案

七年级下册英语Unit3第2讲——语法篇

1. 掌握某些用于表达观点的英语句型，并能恰当使用。
2. 了解英语作文的写法，学会对某一相关题目进行审题。
3. 结合生活实际，就主题谈谈自己的感想。
4. 在写作过程中，激发学生英语写作兴趣，培养学生的写作能力。

一、反身代词

1. 反身代词构词法：-self/-selves。

第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加-self/-selves；第三人称由宾格加-self/-selves。详见下表：

2. 反身代词放在动词或介词后作宾语，指代主语本身，宾语和主语是同一人。如：

He blames himself for the mistake. 他为所犯的错误自责。

She made herself a cup of tea. 她为自己沏了一杯茶。

We should not think only of ourselves. 我们不能只考虑自己。

3. 用反身代词强调“亲自；本人”，放在主语后或句末作同位语。如：

He did the homework himself. 他独自完成了作业。

We ourselves can clean the kitchen. 我们自己就可以清洁厨房。

4. by加反身代词强调“独立；没有帮助”，放在句末。如：

We must do it by ourselves. 我们必须独立完成。

5. 常见短语：

enjoy oneself 玩得开心  by oneself 独自

teach oneself 自学   talk/say to oneself 自言自语

think of oneself 考虑自己

help oneself to... 请随便吃点……

lose oneself in... 沉迷于……

dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 introduce oneself 介绍自己

make oneself at home 别拘束；随便

hurt oneself 伤到自己

二、方位介词

  方位介词就是用来表示方位的介词。中学阶段比较重要的方位介词有：

1. in在大地方;  at 在小地方。如：

He arrived in Shenzhen yesterday. 他昨天到了深圳。

He arrived at the village yesterday. 他昨天到了乡下。

2. in在里面; on相接壤; to 相离。如：

Shenzhen lies/is in the south of China. 深圳位于中国南部。

Guangdong lies/is on the east of Guangxi. 广东位于广西东边。

Japan lies/is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东边。

3. in在里面；out（of） 在外面； inside在里面； outside在外面。如：

There is a book in/inside the box. 箱子里有一本书。

There is a book out of/outside the box. 箱子外有一本书。

4. on 在……上面，两者紧贴; over 在……（正）上方，两者垂直悬空不接触; above 在……上方，高于……。如：

There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。

There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。

The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。

5. over在……上方；under在……下方，under和over互为反义词。如：

There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。

There is a book under the desk. 书桌下方有一本书。

6. above在……上方，高于……；below在……下方，低于……, below和above互为反义词。如：

The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。

The plane flies below the clouds. 飞机在云层下飞。

7. behind 在……后面；in front of 在……前面，in front of和behind互为反义词。另外，in the front of 在……前部（在内部靠前的地方）。如：

There is a tree behind the house. 房子后面有一棵树。

There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。

There is a table in the front of the room. 房间的前部有一张桌子。

8. next to紧靠着;  beside/by/near在旁边；在附近。如：

The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。

There is a house beside/by/near the river. 河的附近有一座房子。

9. between 在两者之间; among 在……（三者及以上）之间。如：

He is standing between you and me. 他站在你我之间。

He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。

10. in the tree在树上（外来物）; on the tree在树上（原生物）。如：

There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些小鸟。

There are some flowers on the tree. 树上有一些花。

例题1：Be careful with the knife.  You may hurt __________.

A.  himself    B.  ourselves  

C.  myself     D.  yourself

例题2：If we just think about __________， the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime. 

A.  myself     B.  himself  

C.  yourself    D.  ourselves

例题3：The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the large potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested __________ the middle.

A.  on   B.  in   C.  with   D.  by

       基础演练

一、用适当的反身代词或介词完成句子

1.  My friends had a nice time in London.  They enjoyed ____________ very much.

2.  He never thinks about others.  He only thinks about __________.

3.  She makes all her clothes __________.

4.  Simon, did you paint the room __________?

5. We cleaned the room __________.

6.  Mary has just arrived __________ the airport.

7.  Shanghai is __________ the east of China.

8.  The plane flew __________ the Great Wall.

9.  I often go shopping  __________ my sister.

10.  There is a table ________________ the window.

二、语法填空

  As everyone knows, animals are our friends.  Of all the animals, we find that dogs are friendly to us.

  Dogs are always staying 1._______ human beings.  They are in different colours and 2._______ （size）.  There are many different kinds of dogs, too. Hunting dogs can help blind people a lot. The police dogs can help the police.

  Today it is hard to imagine life 3._______ dogs. Maybe everyone is happy 4._______ （see）dogs.  Dogs are good at hearing and 5._______ （smell）. Some dogs can find the people who are trapped （困） 6._______ the broken houses.  Some dogs can help take care of the houses of their 7.___________ （own）. If someone strange comes close 8._______ the house, they will bark to frighten （吓唬） him.  Even some dogs can help look 9._______ small kids when their parents are not at home.

  10._______ a word, dogs are our best friends among all the animals.

 巩固提高

一、选择填空

（  ）1. He is blind and he can’t go anywhere by ________.

A. himself      B. him           C. he           

（  ）2. Your book is  ________  the floor  ________  your bed.

A. under; on      B. in; on            C. on; under

（  ）3. Write it down  ________  the book.

A. under        B. in front of           C. in the front of   

（  ）4. The boys enjoyed  ________  last night.

A. them           B. they              C. themselves

（  ）5. There are some birds  ________  the tree.

A. on            B. in              C. at

（  ）6. The plane is flying  ________  the sky.

A. on            B. above           C. in             

（  ）7. Help  ________  to some fruit, children.

A. yourself   B. you  C. yourselves

（  ）8. The film  ________  is very funny.

A. itself   B. it   C. its

（  ）9. In the picture, there is a house and  ________  the house, there is a tall tree.

A. in   B. in front of   C. in the front of

（  ）10. —Where did people bury(埋葬)the treasure(财宝)?

—________  the ground.

A. From  B. Above   C. Under

用适当的方位介词或介词词组填空

1. He arrived __________ Guangzhou yesterday.

2. He arrived __________ his office yesterday.

3. Fuzhou lies __________ the south of China.

4. Hunan lies __________ the south of Hubei.

5. Japan lies __________ the east of South Korea.

6. There is a bridge __________ the river.

7. There is a banana __________ the table.

8. The plane flies __________ my head.

9. There is a garden ________________ my house.

10. There is a teacher’s desk __________________ the classroom

_________________________________________________________________________________

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完形填空

  Li Na’s school is ____1____ People Street. It’s next ____2____ the People’s Library. There ____3____ a park across ____4____ her school. Next to it there is a pay ____5____. The park is ____6____ the pay phone and a bank. There are three buildings ____7____ her school—the students’ building, the classroom building and the P.E.building. The students’ building is ____8____ to the classroom building. The P.E. building is behind ____9____ students’ building. She likes ____10____ school very much.

（  ）1. A. to   B. on    C. at

（  ）2. A. to   B. /   C. from

（  ）3. A. has     B. is    C. are

（  ）4. A. to   B. from      C. through

（  ）5. A. bank  B. phone  C. money

（  ）6. A. behind  B. beside      C. between

（  ）7. A. in   B. on   C. at

（  ）8. A. beside  B. next      C. in front

（  ）9. A. a   B. an   C. the

（  ）10. A. she  B. her   C. herself