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2021年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2021年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷（含答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了【答案】B，【答案】A，【答案】C，【答案】D等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷
1. Mr. Hill has two sons. He often plays football with on Sunday.（ ）
A. him B. them C. you D. her
2. My family will go out to dinner Friday night.（ ）
A. on B. in C. at D. to
3. My friend Julie has a guitar, she plays it really well.（ ）
A. but B. so C. and D. or
4. - does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai？
- About two and a half hours.（ ）
A. How soon B. How often C. How much D. How long
5. All visitors to the school wear an ID card, or they are not allowed to enter.（ ）
A. must B. could C. would D. might
6. Hi, Mom is an excellent film. It is than I expected.（ ）
A. wonderful B. more wonderful
C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful
7. While I an email, the computer suddenly went off.（ ）
A. write B. will write C. am writing D. was writing
8. My aunt enjoys teaching. She ______ a teacher for ten years.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
9. - What do you usually do in your spare time？
-I swimming with my parents.（ ）
A. go B. went C. am going D. was going
10. Listen! The birds ______ in the trees outside our school.（ ）
A. sing B. are singing C. sang D. were singing
11. As the number of children in the town grows, a new school next year.（ ）
A. is built B. will be built C. builds D. will build
12. - Do you know last Saturday？
- In Zhongshan Music Hall.（ ）
A. where will the school band play
B. where the school band will play
C. where did the school band play
D. where the school band played
Johnson kicked the soccer ball hard against his bedroom wall.
"Johnson, stop!" his father shouted. "You're going to（1） ______ the neighbors."
Johnson picked up the ball as it flew back toward him, and then he lay onto his bed. His eyes were full of tears.
Several days earlier, there was a big tsunami（海啸） in Japan. It had washed away buildings and destroyed lives.
His father, Mr. Reynolds, has a lot of experience of removing debris（碎片） after tsunami. As soon as his father saw the destruction on TV， he knew his skills could be of help to the Japanese people. He called a company that performed （2） ______ services after tsunamis. They told Mr. Reynolds they could certainly use his help. The company would provide a flat for Mr. Reynolds----meaning Johnson would（3） ______ in Japan for a year.
Johnson thought about his soccer team, his friends, his school, and everything else he would have to（4） ______ for the next year. How could his father do this to him？
Lying on his bed for a few minutes had helped Johnson cool down. He sat up, and started putting his clothes into bags.
After he finished packing, Johnson walked into the living room, where his dad and sister were looking at some （5） ______ . Mr. Reynolds（6） ______ he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at.
One photo showed a group of kids standing on a muddy（泥泞的）soccer field. Johnson suddenly saw himself standing with them, and he realized how （7） ______ he would feel in the same situation.（8） ______ ， people were coming from all over the world to help. Johnson wondered if there might be something he could do to help once they got there. Maybe even playing soccer ball with these kids could take their minds off the mess for a while.
13. A. surprise B. bore C. upset D. disappoint
14. A. cleanup B. health C. food D. information
15. A. volunteer B. live C. train D. travel
16. A. set up B. pick up C. fix up D. give up
17. A. books B. paintings C. photos D. videos
18. A. argued B. explained C. added D. reported
19. A. frightened B. regretful C. strange D. angry
20. A. Suddenly B. Naturally C. Proudly D. Luckily
N
Many young people write about their hometown heroes who made a big influence on them during the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病）. Let's read what they have written.
My hometown hero is my older brother, Jack. He always wants to help. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he volunteered his time at the hospital. He went to visit our grandma to make sure she was okay. He also made care packages for families in the community.
My mom does everything she can to help our family and other people. She made masks （口罩）for hospital workers. It took her five days to make them all. On April 14， 2020， she went to the hospital to give blood. And she also gave money to the Pet Society to help dogs, cats and other animals.
My parents are my heroes because they delivered mails and packages during the COVID-19 pandemic. They walked several miles a day and helped many people. There were some medicines and things people couldn't get at stores in the packages.
My hometown hero is my mother. She works in a supermarket. She not only took good care of me, but also helped with my schoolwork. She thought it was her duty to keep me safe and my life normal during this pandemic. And she made it.
21. Who is William's hometown hero？ ______
A. His brother. B. His grandma. C. His mother. D. His father.
22. What did Addie's mom do during the COVID-19 pandemic？ ______
A. She bought medicines for others.
B. She gave money to help people.
C. She gave blood at the hospital.
D. She took care of her grandma.
23. Grace thinks her mom is ______ .
A. a responsible parent B. a hardworking worker
C. a skilled teacher D. a helpful volunteer
O
School tests can be stressful. But they might also encourage you to help change the world. Three girls, Kristen, Jenna and Marisa from New York, learned about a growing problem from a reading test they took. The problem is e-waste, short for electronic waste. The girls learned some dangerous chemicals （化学品）in e-waste can harm the environment and people.
Later in the year, they had to come up with an idea for a science project. They remembered the interesting topic from their test. So the girls started a recycling drive to help other students and the community learn about properly recycling e-waste. They called themselves the E-Waste Girl
"In our town, people recycle paper plastic and glass, but not electronics. What can we do？" asked Marisa.
"How about asking our friends if they know how to recycle e-waste？" suggested Jenna.
The girls asked their friends, and nobody had heard anything about it. Many of their teachers didn't know either. So they taught everyone, including their teachers, to learn about properly recycling e-waste. Then they put recycling boxes in the school hall and asked the students to collect old cell phones, radios and other items. When the boxes were full, they sent them to a special recycling center. The recyclers took out the dangerous chemicals and disposed （处理）of them properly, so that they don't go into the air or the ground or the water.
One big way people can help reduce e-waste is by buying smartly. So the girls strongly suggested considering electronics made with fewer dangerous chemicals and choosing electronics that will last several years.
The girls' project also helped them become finalists in the We Can Change the World Challenge, a national student competition. The E-Waste Girls see a bright future in which projects like theirs will not be needed any more.
24. How did the E-Waste Girls first learn about e-waste？ ______
A. A friend told them about it.
B. Recyclers taught them about it.
C. They read about it in a reading test.
D. A teacher talked about it in a science class.
25. Why did the E-Waste Girls start a recycling drive？ ______
A. To set up a recycling center in the town.
B. To take part in a national student competition.
C. To encourage people to buy electronics smartly.
D. To teach people how to properly recycle e-waste.
26. The E-Waste Girls' story mainly tells us that ______ .
A. recycling e-waste is really difficult
B. students can help to change the world
C. students should do more science projects
D. competitions bring students a bright future
P
Do you have trouble remembering things you've read？ Scientists at RMIT University in Australia have come up with a new font（字体） that can help you remember-by making words harder to read.
Fonts are used to make letters look a certain way on computers or in books. If you're writing a report, you can give a different look to the words in your report by choosing a different font. For example, you can make them look like they might look in a book, or you can make them look like handwriting.
Scientists have discovered that people often remembered things better if it was a little bit harder for them to read. The scientists learned that if you are reading words that are difficult to recognize, your brain has to work a little bit harder to make sense of the words that your eyes are seeing. This extra work helps your brain remember the ideas better.
Now scientists at RMIT in Australia have taken this idea and created a font just for remembering things. The font, called "Sans Forgetica"， is a little bit harder to read, on purpose.
The name of the font is a joke of sorts. "Sans" means "without". When it's used for fonts, "sans" usually describes a font with simple lines. "Forgetica" sounds like the famous font "Helvetica". But taken together, the name "Sans Forgetica" means "Without Forgetting"
There are two main things that make the font harder to read and easier to remember. Probably the most obvious one is that all of the letters have gaps（缺口）in them. When the letters have these gaps, the brain has to fill in the gaps to recognize them. This makes readers slow down and pay attention to what they read.
The other surprising thing about Sans Forgetica is it slants（倾斜） backwards. You may be used to seeing words written in italics-letters that slant toward the right. Stephen Banham, who helped create Sans Forgetica says, "Backslants are only used in maps to show the position（位置）of rivers."
When someone creates a new font, they often sell it. But RMIT is giving away their font for free, hoping that it will help students and other people who need to remember things.
27. Why was Sans Forgetica created？ ______
A. To help people recognize difficult words.
B. To help students practice handwriting.
C. To help students write special reports.
D. To help people remember things.
28. What idea have the scientists taken to create Sans Forgetica？ ______
A. Reading words with more letters exercises brains.
B. The font with simple lines helps people read quickly.
C. Working hard to recognize words improves memory.
D. People like to read things that are a little hard for them.
29. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. Letters in Sans Forgetica font slant toward the right.
B. Letters that slant toward the left are uncommonly used.
C. Gaps in letters make people interested in what they read.
D. The brain pays no attention to the gaps in Sans Forgetica font.
Q
We've all felt confused before. The feeling of not knowing what the answers or solutions are can make us feel useless, stupid, and cause us to worry.
People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn't right.
But confusion might actually be a good thing. When we jump to an answer, we don't have time to explore（探索）the thing we're confused about. Instead of paying no attention to your confusion, accepting it and taking the opportunity to think about what's confusing can benefit our learning. In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding. A 2004 study explored six moods that people feel while learning, including upset, bored, and confused. They found that students who spent more of the lesson confused learned the most. In another study, scientists tried to confuse students by giving them contradicting（矛盾的）information. Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test. Not knowing the answer to a problem gives us space to look at different ways to solve it. The feeling of confusion also encourages us to look more deeply into the problem. In the end, this helps us understand the topic on a deeper level.
Confusion is also important for learning your identity（身份）. People find out their identity in two steps. The first step is exploration, where you try out different groups and values and see what fits. The next step is commitment， when you decide firmly（坚定地）about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity. Exploring your identity can feel very confusing. But a study found that people who do the most exploring about who they are have better outcomes such as higher self-confidence and self-esteem（自尊）later in life.
So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion.
30. Why does a person try to hide his confusion？ ______
A. Because he wants others to make good judgement on him.
B. Because he has good ability to guess and create an answer.
C. Because hiding his confusion helps him work out a solution.
D. Because telling others his confusion will make them confused.
31. What is the finding of the studies in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Good understanding leads to less confusion.
B. Confusion can have helpful effect on learning.
C. Digging deeply into a problem may cause confusion.
D. Confusion prevents the development of self-confidence.
32. The word "commitment" in Paragraph 4 probably means " ______ ".
A. promise B. imagination C. challenge D. argument
33. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To call on readers to study confusion on a deeper level.
B. To tell readers about the research results on confusion.
C. To explain to readers it's normal to feel confused.
D. To encourage readers to clear up their confusion.
34. Our brains change in many ways as we grow.
In September 2020，scientists published（发表）a study about one change that happens. It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently. The study was led by Elissa Newport, a doctor who studies and treats the brain at Georgetown University Medical Center.
The brain is an organ（器官）in the body. It controls how the body works. It also controls how we think and use our senses. It is divided into a right half and a left half. They are called hemispheres. The two hemispheres connect in the middle to send messages to each other.
The study found that children have speech centers on both sides of their brains. Young children and teens use both sides of their brains to understand language. As we become adults, the brain only uses the left side for this task. This happens slowly over time. It starts around the time we learn to talk. It finishes when we are about 19 years old.
Today's scientists have high-tech tools that can measure（测量）the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI） is one of them. It can collect images（图像）of blood flow in the brain. Scientists can study healthy, working brains with it. They can see when a part of the brain is active, or turned on. It shows up as a set of colors in an image.
In Newport's study, 39 children and 14 adults tried to understand sentences. The team used FMRI to watch their brains. Each FMRI scan took many pictures of the brain. There were patches（斑块）of color in each picture. This showed which parts of the brain were getting the most blood. This was a sign that they were turned on and active.
For the youngest kids, both sides of the brain became active when understanding sentences. The pictures showed many patches of color. By age 19， no activity showed up on the right side.
Other scientists are doing research too. They are studying brain areas that process vision and memory. Newport hopes to combine（结合） her study results with work by those scientists to get a more "complete map" of how brains work.
(1) What does the study that was published in 2020 show？
______
(2) What does the brain do as an organ？
______
(3) According to Newport's study, from what age do people only use the left side of their brains to understand language？
______
(4) What is the fifth paragraph mainly about？
______
(5) Why does Newport hope to combine her study results with others' work？
______
35. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
你校英语社团正在招募志愿者为国际学生线上讲述中国非物质文化遗产（ intangible cultural heritage）故事，传播中国文化。假如你是李华，请你用英文给该社团老师写一封自荐信，内容包括：你的基本信息，申请成为志愿者的理由及作为志愿者你能为讲述中国故事做些什么。
提示词语：be good at, spread, video, history, kite
提示问题： ●What's your basic information？
●Why would you like to be a volunteer？
●What can you do as a volunteer？
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am interested in volunteering to tell stories about China's intangible cultural heritage to international students online.
.
Thank you for your consideration. And I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely ，
Li Hua
题目②
掌握了正确的方法，做事往往能收到事半功倍的效果。反之，则会事倍功半。
某英文网站正在开展以"改进学习方法"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通过改进学习方法提高学习效果的一次经历，主要内容包括：你学习中遇到了什么问题，你是如何通过改进方法解决这个问题的，效果如何。
提示词语： remember words, change, write, use, increase
提示问题： ●What problem did you have in your study？
● How did you improve your ways of learning to solve the problem？
●What was the effect？
Proper ways of learning bring good results. .
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】him 他；them 他们；you 你们；her 她。句中所缺代词代替的是希尔先生的两个儿子，应该用them。
故选：B。
希尔先生有两个儿子。他经常在星期天和他们一起踢足球。
掌握人称代词的用法和指代对象，结合具体语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】A
【解析】on+具体到某一天；in+年、月、季节等；at+时间点；to表达时间，表示"差几分到几点"。根据后面的时间Friday night,可知这是具体到了某一天的晚上，用on。
故选：A。
我的家人将会在周五晚上出去吃饭。
本题考查时间介词。首先要知道四个选项在表达时间的时候后面接哪种时间，其次根据句中的时间来判断。易错点为：at night。
3.【答案】C
【解析】but但是；so所以；and和、并且；or或者、还是、否则。根据My friend Julie has a guitar,....she plays it really well"我的朋友朱莉有一把吉他，......她弹得很好"可知，表示递进，用and"并且"。
故选：C。
我的朋友朱莉有一把吉他，并且她弹得很好。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
4.【答案】D
【解析】How soon "多快/多久以后"其后用in加一段时间来回答；How often多久，对频率提问；How much多少钱；How long多久，对一段时间或长度提问。根据About two and a half hours"大约两个半小时"可知，对一段时间体味用How long。
故选：D。
--从北京飞上海要多长时间？
--大约两个半小时。
疑问词组通常用来构成疑问句，要根据回答的具体内容进行选择，注意一些固定搭配，分清疑问词组的用法，选择合适答案。
5.【答案】A
【解析】must必须；could能；would将会；might可能。根据or they are not allowed to enter"否则不准进入"可知，"必须"带身份证。填must。
故选：A。
所有来学校的人必须带身份证，否则不准进入。
情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】B
【解析】a most wonderful, 意为"一个非常精彩的"，泛指；more wonderful, 意为"比较精彩的"，形容词的比较级，用于两者之间的比较；more wonderful, 意为"比较精彩的"；the most wonderful, 意为"最精彩的"，形容词的最高级，用于三者或三者之上的比较．选项C形式不对，形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the。根据题干 than I expected"可知应用形容词的比较级。
故选：B。
你好，李焕英是一部很棒的电影。比我预料的要更精彩。
熟记形容词的比较级和最高级的用法，结合具体语境，最终得出正确选项。
7.【答案】D
【解析】A选项为一般现在时的构成；B选项为一般将来时的构成；C选项为现在进行时的构成；D选项为过去进行时的构成。根据while的用法：主句中动词为瞬间动词，就用一般过去时，延续性动词就用过去进行时。从句中的动词一般为延续性动词，用过去进行时。
故选：D。
当我正在写Email的时候，电脑突然关机了。
本题考查while引导的时间状语从句中动词的时态问题。要根据while的用法来判断，while后一般是延续性动词，用进行时态。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：我姑姑喜欢教书。她已经当了十年教师了。根据句中for ten years可知，此处时态为现在完成时，结构为：have/has done，故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时。根据do you usually do可知是陈述经常性的动作，应用一般现在时。
故选：A。
-你在业余时间通常做什么？
-我和我的父母去游泳。
平时注重对时态的积累。
10.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意"听!鸟儿在我们学校外的树上唱歌"可知，要用现在进行时，其构成为am/ is/ are doing,主语是复数，用are.
故选：B．
听!鸟儿在我们学校外的树上唱歌．
对时态和语态的考查，要求牢记各种时态和语态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案．
11.【答案】B
【解析】next year意为"明年"，句子时态用一般将来时，排除A、C两项；a new school与build之间构成被动关系，排除D项。
故选：B。
随着镇上孩子人数的增加，明年要建一所新学校。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答。
12.【答案】D
【解析】根据问句中last Saturday可知，从句时态为一般过去时，所以排除A、B两项；宾语从句用陈述语序，因此排除C。
故选：D。
---你知道上星期六学校乐队在哪里演出吗？
---在中山音乐厅。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语序准确作答。
13~20.【答案】C、A、B、D、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）C 形容词辨析。surprise惊奇；bore使厌烦； upset是心烦；disappoint失望；根据"Johnson kicked the soccer ball hard against his bedroom wall."可知，这种行为会烦扰到邻居，句意：你会惹恼邻居的。故选C。
（2）A 名词辨析。cleanup清除；health健康；food食物；information信息；根据"he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at."可知，是给提供清理服务的公司打电话，句意：他打电话给一家海啸过后提供清理服务的公司。故选A。
（3）B 动词辨析。volunteer自愿；live居住；train训练；travel旅行；根据"The company would provide a flat for Mr. Reynolds"可知，Johnson要跟随父亲去日本，在日本住上一年，句意：这意味着Johnson将在日本居住一年。故选B。
（4）D 短语辨析。set up成立；pickup捡起；fix up安装；give up放弃；根据上文可知，父亲要去日本一年，自己也将要离开现在的一切跟随父亲去，即放弃现在的一切，句意： Johnson想起了明年将不得不放弃的足球队，朋友，学校和其他的一切。故选D。
（5）C 名词辨析。books书；paintings画；photos照片；videos视频；根据"One photo showed.."可知，他们看的是照片，句意：收拾好行李后，Johnson走进起居室，他的爸爸和妹妹正在那里看一些照片。故选C。
（6）B 动词辨析。argued争论；explained解释；added添加；reported报道；根据"where his dad and sister were looking at some..he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at."可知，这里是父亲给他的妹妹解释照片上的内容，句意：雷诺兹先生解释说，他将努力清理他们看到的那些乱七八糟的东西。故选B。
（7）A 形容词辨析。frightened害怕的；regretful后悔的；strange奇怪的；angry生气的；根据One photo showed a group of kids standing on a muddy（泥泞的）soccer field. Johnson suddenly saw himself standing with them可知Johnson体会到了在同样的处境中他也会感到害怕，句意：Johnson突然看到自己和他们站在一起，他意识到在同样的情况下他会感到多么害怕。故选A。
（8）D 副词辨析。Suddenly突然；Naturally自然地；Proudly自豪地；Luckily幸运地；根据"people were coming from all over the world to help."可知，全世界的人们都来帮助，是幸运的，句意：幸运的是，全世界的人都来帮忙。故选D。
文章讲述Johnson即将跟随父亲去刚刚发生过海啸的日本待一年，去清理废墟，他的心情很不好，后来当他看到父亲拿的灾难后的照片上的情景时，Johnson突然想到了如果自己处于同样的处境，也会害怕，他想去到日本后也可以和那里的孩子一起踢球，帮助他们摆脱混乱。
考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
21~23.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据My hometown hero is my older brother, Jack.可知威廉姆认为他家乡的英雄是他的哥哥，故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据On April 14， 2020， she went to the hospital to give blood.可知在2020年4月14日，安迪的妈妈去医院献血，故选C。
（3）A.细节推理题。根据She thought it was her duty to keep me safe and my life normal during this pandemic.她觉得疫情期间保证我和生活的安全是她的职责，据此推断格蕾丝的妈妈非常负责任，故选A。
本文主要讲了四个年轻人对于疫情期间家乡英雄的写作。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24~26.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段Three girls, Kristen, Jenna and Marisa from New York, learned about a growing problem from a reading test they took.The problem is e-waste, short for electronic waste.来自纽约的克里斯汀、詹娜和玛丽莎，从她们参加的一项阅读测试中得知了一个越来越严重的问题。问题是电子垃圾，可知他们从阅读测试上知道了电子垃圾，故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段So the girls started a recycling drive to help other students and the community learn about properly recycling e-waste.可知因此，女孩们开始了一项回收运动，以帮助其他学生和社区学习如何正确回收电子垃圾。故选D。
（3）B.主旨大意题。根据最后一段The girls' project also helped them become finalists in the We Can Change the World Challenge, a national student competition. The E-Waste Girls see a bright future in which projects like theirs will not be needed any more.这个女孩项目还帮助她们进入了"我们可以改变世界挑战"（We Can Change The World Challenge）的决赛，这是一个全国性的学生比赛。电子垃圾女孩看到了一个她们这样的项目将不再被需要的光明未来，可知本文主要讲了三个女孩教人们正确回收电子垃圾的事情，因此判断这三个女孩的故事想告诉我们的是学生也可以帮助改变世界。故选B。
本文主要讲了三个女孩在学校倡导人们正确回收电子垃圾的故事。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27~29.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据"Scientists at RMIT University in Australia have come up with a new font （字体） that can help you remember—by making words harder to read."澳大利亚RMIT大学的科学家们想出了一种新字体，这可以帮助你记忆——通过让单词更难阅读。可知，发明这种新的字体是为了帮助记忆。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据Scientists have discovered that people often remembered things better if it was a little bit harder for them to read. The scientists learned that if you are reading words that are difficult to recognize, your brain has to work a little bit harder to make sense of the words that your eyes are seeing. This extra work helps your brain remember the ideas better.科学家发现，如果阅读稍微困难一点，人们往往会记得更清楚。科学家们发现，如果你在阅读难以识别的单词，你的大脑必须更加努力地理解你眼睛看到的单词。这项额外的工作帮助你的大脑更好地记住想法。可知，如果你在读难以识别的单词，你的大脑就必须更加努力地工作，才能理解你眼睛看到的单词。这些额外的工作可以帮助你的大脑更好地记住这些想法。也就是只有通过努力的识别单词提高记忆力，再由"Probably the most obvious one is that all of the letters have gaps （缺口） in them. When the letters have these gaps, the brain has to fill in the gaps to recognize them."可知，大脑必须通过填补这些字母上的缺口才能识别它们，由此来加深记忆，C选项"努力识别单词可以提高记忆力"符合题意。故选C。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据"The other surprising thing about Sans Forgetica is it slants （倾斜） backwards. You may be used to seeing words written in italics—letters that slant toward the right. Stephen Banham, who helped create Sans Forgetica says, "Backslants are only used in maps to show the position （位置） of rivers."另一件令人惊讶的事情是它是倾斜的。你可能已经习惯于看到用斜体书写的单词——向右倾斜的字母。斯蒂芬•班汉姆，他帮助创建了无遗忘地图，他说："背景地图只用于显示位置的河流。 "可知，这种字体是与普通的斜体字不同，它是向后倾斜的，即向左倾斜，并且只在地图上用来显示河流的位置。说明这种字母不常被使用，故选B。
文章介绍了澳大利亚皇家墨尔本理工学院的科学家们发明了一种新字体，通过让单词更难读来帮助记忆，以及介绍了这种字体的有关情况。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
30~33.【答案】A、B、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】文章阐述了心存疑虑的益处。
1.
根据People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn't right."可知，人们往往会认为拥有所有答案的人比问很多问题的人更聪明。因此，人们常常试图用不同的方式来掩饰自己的困惑，因此他们掩盖自己的困惑是希望别人对他做出正面的判断，让别人认为他们是聪明的。故选A。
。
2. 根据"In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding…Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test."可知，科学研究表明困惑实际上会导致更深的理解，在课堂上表达困惑的学生在期末考试中表现得更好。由此可知，困惑对学习有帮助。故选B。
3. 根据when you decide firmly（坚定地）about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity."可知，当你坚定地决定你身份的某些部分时。你下定决心要以符合自己身份的方式行事。及对自己某些部分做出承诺后，要以某种对应的方式来行事，所以单词"commitment"指的是"承诺"，故选A。
4. 根据"So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion."以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是鼓励人们与其试图掩盖困惑，不如尝试一种新方法，寻求帮助，或者研究不同的方法来处理问题，从而克服困惑。故选D。
34.【答案】【小题1】It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.
【小题2】It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses.
【小题3】As we become adults.
【小题4】It is 2200 metres long.
【小题5】Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.
【解析】（1）It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.细节理解题。根据In September 2020，scientists published（发表）a study about one change that happens. It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.可知2020年9月，科学家们发表了（发表）关于发生的一个变化的研究。这表明，随着我们的成长，我们的大脑对单词的处理方式会有所不同。故答案为 It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently。
（2）It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses.细节理解题。根据The brain is an organ in the body. It controls how the body works. It also controls how we think and use our senses. 可知大脑是身体的一个器官。它控制着身体的运作。它还控制着我们思考和使用感官的方式。故答案为It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses。
（3）As we become adults. 细节理解题。根据 As we become adults, the brain only uses the left side for this task. 可知当我们成年后，大脑只使用左侧来完成这项任务。所以根据纽波特的研究，从我们成年后开始人们只使用左脑来理解语言。故答案为As we become adults。
（4）Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI）is a high-tech tools that can measure the brain.细节理解题。根据Today's scientists have high-tech tools that can measure（测量）the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI） is one of them. 可知今天的科学家有高科技工具可以测量（测量）大脑。功能磁共振成像（FMRI）就是其中之一。所以第五段主要讲功能磁共振成像（FMRI）是一种能够测量大脑的高科技工具。故答案为 Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI）is a high-tech tools that can measure the brain.。
（5）Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.推理判断题。根据Other scientists are doing research too. They are studying brain areas that process vision and memory. Newport hopes to combine her study results with work by those scientists to get a more "complete map" of how brains work.可知其他科学家也在做研究。他们正在研究处理视觉和记忆的大脑区域。纽波特希望将她的研究成果与这些科学家的工作结合起来，得到大脑工作的更"完整地图"。所以纽波特希望把她的学习成果和别人的工作结合起来因为这些科学家试图获得大脑工作的更"完整的地图"。故答案为Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.。
文章讲了随着我们的成长，我们的大脑在很多方面都会发生变化。2020年9月，科学家们发表了关于发生的一个变化的研究。这表明，随着我们的成长，我们的大脑对单词的处理方式会有所不同。这项研究由乔治敦大学医学中心研究和治疗大脑的医生伊丽莎•纽波特领导。
题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力。
35.【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am interested in volunteering to tell stories about China's intangible cultural heritage to international students online.（点题）
I am Li Hua, a boy from Class 2， Grade 9. I love Chinese culture very much and I'm good at English.【高分句型一】 I hope I can spread Chinese culture by telling stories about our intangible cultural heritage. If I have the chance, I can make videos to tell international students the history of kites and teach them to make kites. 【高分句型二】I'm sure they will be very interested in it.（介绍自己）
Thank you for your consideration. And I am looking forward to your reply.（期待）
Sincerely ，
Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
I love Chinese culture very much and I'm good at English.我非常喜欢中国文化，我擅长英语。
be good at擅长……
【高分句型二】
If I have the chance, I can make videos to tell international students the history of kites and teach them to make kites.如果我有机会，我可以制作视频告诉国际学生风筝的历史，教他们制作风筝。
if引导条件状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2021年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷
1. Mr. Hill has two sons. He often plays football with on Sunday.（ ）
A. him B. them C. you D. her
2. My family will go out to dinner Friday night.（ ）
A. on B. in C. at D. to
3. My friend Julie has a guitar, she plays it really well.（ ）
A. but B. so C. and D. or
4. - does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai？
- About two and a half hours.（ ）
A. How soon B. How often C. How much D. How long
5. All visitors to the school wear an ID card, or they are not allowed to enter.（ ）
A. must B. could C. would D. might
6. Hi, Mom is an excellent film. It is than I expected.（ ）
A. wonderful B. more wonderful
C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful
7. While I an email, the computer suddenly went off.（ ）
A. write B. will write C. am writing D. was writing
8. My aunt enjoys teaching. She ______ a teacher for ten years.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
9. - What do you usually do in your spare time？
-I swimming with my parents.（ ）
A. go B. went C. am going D. was going
10. Listen! The birds ______ in the trees outside our school.（ ）
A. sing B. are singing C. sang D. were singing
11. As the number of children in the town grows, a new school next year.（ ）
A. is built B. will be built C. builds D. will build
12. - Do you know last Saturday？
- In Zhongshan Music Hall.（ ）
A. where will the school band play
B. where the school band will play
C. where did the school band play
D. where the school band played
Johnson kicked the soccer ball hard against his bedroom wall.
"Johnson, stop!" his father shouted. "You're going to（1） ______ the neighbors."
Johnson picked up the ball as it flew back toward him, and then he lay onto his bed. His eyes were full of tears.
Several days earlier, there was a big tsunami（海啸） in Japan. It had washed away buildings and destroyed lives.
His father, Mr. Reynolds, has a lot of experience of removing debris（碎片） after tsunami. As soon as his father saw the destruction on TV， he knew his skills could be of help to the Japanese people. He called a company that performed （2） ______ services after tsunamis. They told Mr. Reynolds they could certainly use his help. The company would provide a flat for Mr. Reynolds----meaning Johnson would（3） ______ in Japan for a year.
Johnson thought about his soccer team, his friends, his school, and everything else he would have to（4） ______ for the next year. How could his father do this to him？
Lying on his bed for a few minutes had helped Johnson cool down. He sat up, and started putting his clothes into bags.
After he finished packing, Johnson walked into the living room, where his dad and sister were looking at some （5） ______ . Mr. Reynolds（6） ______ he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at.
One photo showed a group of kids standing on a muddy（泥泞的）soccer field. Johnson suddenly saw himself standing with them, and he realized how （7） ______ he would feel in the same situation.（8） ______ ， people were coming from all over the world to help. Johnson wondered if there might be something he could do to help once they got there. Maybe even playing soccer ball with these kids could take their minds off the mess for a while.
13. A. surprise B. bore C. upset D. disappoint
14. A. cleanup B. health C. food D. information
15. A. volunteer B. live C. train D. travel
16. A. set up B. pick up C. fix up D. give up
17. A. books B. paintings C. photos D. videos
18. A. argued B. explained C. added D. reported
19. A. frightened B. regretful C. strange D. angry
20. A. Suddenly B. Naturally C. Proudly D. Luckily
N
Many young people write about their hometown heroes who made a big influence on them during the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病）. Let's read what they have written.
My hometown hero is my older brother, Jack. He always wants to help. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he volunteered his time at the hospital. He went to visit our grandma to make sure she was okay. He also made care packages for families in the community.
My mom does everything she can to help our family and other people. She made masks （口罩）for hospital workers. It took her five days to make them all. On April 14， 2020， she went to the hospital to give blood. And she also gave money to the Pet Society to help dogs, cats and other animals.
My parents are my heroes because they delivered mails and packages during the COVID-19 pandemic. They walked several miles a day and helped many people. There were some medicines and things people couldn't get at stores in the packages.
My hometown hero is my mother. She works in a supermarket. She not only took good care of me, but also helped with my schoolwork. She thought it was her duty to keep me safe and my life normal during this pandemic. And she made it.
21. Who is William's hometown hero？ ______
A. His brother. B. His grandma. C. His mother. D. His father.
22. What did Addie's mom do during the COVID-19 pandemic？ ______
A. She bought medicines for others.
B. She gave money to help people.
C. She gave blood at the hospital.
D. She took care of her grandma.
23. Grace thinks her mom is ______ .
A. a responsible parent B. a hardworking worker
C. a skilled teacher D. a helpful volunteer
O
School tests can be stressful. But they might also encourage you to help change the world. Three girls, Kristen, Jenna and Marisa from New York, learned about a growing problem from a reading test they took. The problem is e-waste, short for electronic waste. The girls learned some dangerous chemicals （化学品）in e-waste can harm the environment and people.
Later in the year, they had to come up with an idea for a science project. They remembered the interesting topic from their test. So the girls started a recycling drive to help other students and the community learn about properly recycling e-waste. They called themselves the E-Waste Girl
"In our town, people recycle paper plastic and glass, but not electronics. What can we do？" asked Marisa.
"How about asking our friends if they know how to recycle e-waste？" suggested Jenna.
The girls asked their friends, and nobody had heard anything about it. Many of their teachers didn't know either. So they taught everyone, including their teachers, to learn about properly recycling e-waste. Then they put recycling boxes in the school hall and asked the students to collect old cell phones, radios and other items. When the boxes were full, they sent them to a special recycling center. The recyclers took out the dangerous chemicals and disposed （处理）of them properly, so that they don't go into the air or the ground or the water.
One big way people can help reduce e-waste is by buying smartly. So the girls strongly suggested considering electronics made with fewer dangerous chemicals and choosing electronics that will last several years.
The girls' project also helped them become finalists in the We Can Change the World Challenge, a national student competition. The E-Waste Girls see a bright future in which projects like theirs will not be needed any more.
24. How did the E-Waste Girls first learn about e-waste？ ______
A. A friend told them about it.
B. Recyclers taught them about it.
C. They read about it in a reading test.
D. A teacher talked about it in a science class.
25. Why did the E-Waste Girls start a recycling drive？ ______
A. To set up a recycling center in the town.
B. To take part in a national student competition.
C. To encourage people to buy electronics smartly.
D. To teach people how to properly recycle e-waste.
26. The E-Waste Girls' story mainly tells us that ______ .
A. recycling e-waste is really difficult
B. students can help to change the world
C. students should do more science projects
D. competitions bring students a bright future
P
Do you have trouble remembering things you've read？ Scientists at RMIT University in Australia have come up with a new font（字体） that can help you remember-by making words harder to read.
Fonts are used to make letters look a certain way on computers or in books. If you're writing a report, you can give a different look to the words in your report by choosing a different font. For example, you can make them look like they might look in a book, or you can make them look like handwriting.
Scientists have discovered that people often remembered things better if it was a little bit harder for them to read. The scientists learned that if you are reading words that are difficult to recognize, your brain has to work a little bit harder to make sense of the words that your eyes are seeing. This extra work helps your brain remember the ideas better.
Now scientists at RMIT in Australia have taken this idea and created a font just for remembering things. The font, called "Sans Forgetica"， is a little bit harder to read, on purpose.
The name of the font is a joke of sorts. "Sans" means "without". When it's used for fonts, "sans" usually describes a font with simple lines. "Forgetica" sounds like the famous font "Helvetica". But taken together, the name "Sans Forgetica" means "Without Forgetting"
There are two main things that make the font harder to read and easier to remember. Probably the most obvious one is that all of the letters have gaps（缺口）in them. When the letters have these gaps, the brain has to fill in the gaps to recognize them. This makes readers slow down and pay attention to what they read.
The other surprising thing about Sans Forgetica is it slants（倾斜） backwards. You may be used to seeing words written in italics-letters that slant toward the right. Stephen Banham, who helped create Sans Forgetica says, "Backslants are only used in maps to show the position（位置）of rivers."
When someone creates a new font, they often sell it. But RMIT is giving away their font for free, hoping that it will help students and other people who need to remember things.
27. Why was Sans Forgetica created？ ______
A. To help people recognize difficult words.
B. To help students practice handwriting.
C. To help students write special reports.
D. To help people remember things.
28. What idea have the scientists taken to create Sans Forgetica？ ______
A. Reading words with more letters exercises brains.
B. The font with simple lines helps people read quickly.
C. Working hard to recognize words improves memory.
D. People like to read things that are a little hard for them.
29. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. Letters in Sans Forgetica font slant toward the right.
B. Letters that slant toward the left are uncommonly used.
C. Gaps in letters make people interested in what they read.
D. The brain pays no attention to the gaps in Sans Forgetica font.
Q
We've all felt confused before. The feeling of not knowing what the answers or solutions are can make us feel useless, stupid, and cause us to worry.
People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn't right.
But confusion might actually be a good thing. When we jump to an answer, we don't have time to explore（探索）the thing we're confused about. Instead of paying no attention to your confusion, accepting it and taking the opportunity to think about what's confusing can benefit our learning. In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding. A 2004 study explored six moods that people feel while learning, including upset, bored, and confused. They found that students who spent more of the lesson confused learned the most. In another study, scientists tried to confuse students by giving them contradicting（矛盾的）information. Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test. Not knowing the answer to a problem gives us space to look at different ways to solve it. The feeling of confusion also encourages us to look more deeply into the problem. In the end, this helps us understand the topic on a deeper level.
Confusion is also important for learning your identity（身份）. People find out their identity in two steps. The first step is exploration, where you try out different groups and values and see what fits. The next step is commitment， when you decide firmly（坚定地）about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity. Exploring your identity can feel very confusing. But a study found that people who do the most exploring about who they are have better outcomes such as higher self-confidence and self-esteem（自尊）later in life.
So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion.
30. Why does a person try to hide his confusion？ ______
A. Because he wants others to make good judgement on him.
B. Because he has good ability to guess and create an answer.
C. Because hiding his confusion helps him work out a solution.
D. Because telling others his confusion will make them confused.
31. What is the finding of the studies in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Good understanding leads to less confusion.
B. Confusion can have helpful effect on learning.
C. Digging deeply into a problem may cause confusion.
D. Confusion prevents the development of self-confidence.
32. The word "commitment" in Paragraph 4 probably means " ______ ".
A. promise B. imagination C. challenge D. argument
33. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To call on readers to study confusion on a deeper level.
B. To tell readers about the research results on confusion.
C. To explain to readers it's normal to feel confused.
D. To encourage readers to clear up their confusion.
34. Our brains change in many ways as we grow.
In September 2020，scientists published（发表）a study about one change that happens. It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently. The study was led by Elissa Newport, a doctor who studies and treats the brain at Georgetown University Medical Center.
The brain is an organ（器官）in the body. It controls how the body works. It also controls how we think and use our senses. It is divided into a right half and a left half. They are called hemispheres. The two hemispheres connect in the middle to send messages to each other.
The study found that children have speech centers on both sides of their brains. Young children and teens use both sides of their brains to understand language. As we become adults, the brain only uses the left side for this task. This happens slowly over time. It starts around the time we learn to talk. It finishes when we are about 19 years old.
Today's scientists have high-tech tools that can measure（测量）the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI） is one of them. It can collect images（图像）of blood flow in the brain. Scientists can study healthy, working brains with it. They can see when a part of the brain is active, or turned on. It shows up as a set of colors in an image.
In Newport's study, 39 children and 14 adults tried to understand sentences. The team used FMRI to watch their brains. Each FMRI scan took many pictures of the brain. There were patches（斑块）of color in each picture. This showed which parts of the brain were getting the most blood. This was a sign that they were turned on and active.
For the youngest kids, both sides of the brain became active when understanding sentences. The pictures showed many patches of color. By age 19， no activity showed up on the right side.
Other scientists are doing research too. They are studying brain areas that process vision and memory. Newport hopes to combine（结合） her study results with work by those scientists to get a more "complete map" of how brains work.
(1) What does the study that was published in 2020 show？
______
(2) What does the brain do as an organ？
______
(3) According to Newport's study, from what age do people only use the left side of their brains to understand language？
______
(4) What is the fifth paragraph mainly about？
______
(5) Why does Newport hope to combine her study results with others' work？
______
35. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
你校英语社团正在招募志愿者为国际学生线上讲述中国非物质文化遗产（ intangible cultural heritage）故事，传播中国文化。假如你是李华，请你用英文给该社团老师写一封自荐信，内容包括：你的基本信息，申请成为志愿者的理由及作为志愿者你能为讲述中国故事做些什么。
提示词语：be good at, spread, video, history, kite
提示问题： ●What's your basic information？
●Why would you like to be a volunteer？
●What can you do as a volunteer？
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am interested in volunteering to tell stories about China's intangible cultural heritage to international students online.
.
Thank you for your consideration. And I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely ，
Li Hua
题目②
掌握了正确的方法，做事往往能收到事半功倍的效果。反之，则会事倍功半。
某英文网站正在开展以"改进学习方法"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通过改进学习方法提高学习效果的一次经历，主要内容包括：你学习中遇到了什么问题，你是如何通过改进方法解决这个问题的，效果如何。
提示词语： remember words, change, write, use, increase
提示问题： ●What problem did you have in your study？
● How did you improve your ways of learning to solve the problem？
●What was the effect？
Proper ways of learning bring good results. .
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】him 他；them 他们；you 你们；her 她。句中所缺代词代替的是希尔先生的两个儿子，应该用them。
故选：B。
希尔先生有两个儿子。他经常在星期天和他们一起踢足球。
掌握人称代词的用法和指代对象，结合具体语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】A
【解析】on+具体到某一天；in+年、月、季节等；at+时间点；to表达时间，表示"差几分到几点"。根据后面的时间Friday night,可知这是具体到了某一天的晚上，用on。
故选：A。
我的家人将会在周五晚上出去吃饭。
本题考查时间介词。首先要知道四个选项在表达时间的时候后面接哪种时间，其次根据句中的时间来判断。易错点为：at night。
3.【答案】C
【解析】but但是；so所以；and和、并且；or或者、还是、否则。根据My friend Julie has a guitar,....she plays it really well"我的朋友朱莉有一把吉他，......她弹得很好"可知，表示递进，用and"并且"。
故选：C。
我的朋友朱莉有一把吉他，并且她弹得很好。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
4.【答案】D
【解析】How soon "多快/多久以后"其后用in加一段时间来回答；How often多久，对频率提问；How much多少钱；How long多久，对一段时间或长度提问。根据About two and a half hours"大约两个半小时"可知，对一段时间体味用How long。
故选：D。
--从北京飞上海要多长时间？
--大约两个半小时。
疑问词组通常用来构成疑问句，要根据回答的具体内容进行选择，注意一些固定搭配，分清疑问词组的用法，选择合适答案。
5.【答案】A
【解析】must必须；could能；would将会；might可能。根据or they are not allowed to enter"否则不准进入"可知，"必须"带身份证。填must。
故选：A。
所有来学校的人必须带身份证，否则不准进入。
情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】B
【解析】a most wonderful, 意为"一个非常精彩的"，泛指；more wonderful, 意为"比较精彩的"，形容词的比较级，用于两者之间的比较；more wonderful, 意为"比较精彩的"；the most wonderful, 意为"最精彩的"，形容词的最高级，用于三者或三者之上的比较．选项C形式不对，形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the。根据题干 than I expected"可知应用形容词的比较级。
故选：B。
你好，李焕英是一部很棒的电影。比我预料的要更精彩。
熟记形容词的比较级和最高级的用法，结合具体语境，最终得出正确选项。
7.【答案】D
【解析】A选项为一般现在时的构成；B选项为一般将来时的构成；C选项为现在进行时的构成；D选项为过去进行时的构成。根据while的用法：主句中动词为瞬间动词，就用一般过去时，延续性动词就用过去进行时。从句中的动词一般为延续性动词，用过去进行时。
故选：D。
当我正在写Email的时候，电脑突然关机了。
本题考查while引导的时间状语从句中动词的时态问题。要根据while的用法来判断，while后一般是延续性动词，用进行时态。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：我姑姑喜欢教书。她已经当了十年教师了。根据句中for ten years可知，此处时态为现在完成时，结构为：have/has done，故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时。根据do you usually do可知是陈述经常性的动作，应用一般现在时。
故选：A。
-你在业余时间通常做什么？
-我和我的父母去游泳。
平时注重对时态的积累。
10.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意"听!鸟儿在我们学校外的树上唱歌"可知，要用现在进行时，其构成为am/ is/ are doing,主语是复数，用are.
故选：B．
听!鸟儿在我们学校外的树上唱歌．
对时态和语态的考查，要求牢记各种时态和语态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案．
11.【答案】B
【解析】next year意为"明年"，句子时态用一般将来时，排除A、C两项；a new school与build之间构成被动关系，排除D项。
故选：B。
随着镇上孩子人数的增加，明年要建一所新学校。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答。
12.【答案】D
【解析】根据问句中last Saturday可知，从句时态为一般过去时，所以排除A、B两项；宾语从句用陈述语序，因此排除C。
故选：D。
---你知道上星期六学校乐队在哪里演出吗？
---在中山音乐厅。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语序准确作答。
13~20.【答案】C、A、B、D、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）C 形容词辨析。surprise惊奇；bore使厌烦； upset是心烦；disappoint失望；根据"Johnson kicked the soccer ball hard against his bedroom wall."可知，这种行为会烦扰到邻居，句意：你会惹恼邻居的。故选C。
（2）A 名词辨析。cleanup清除；health健康；food食物；information信息；根据"he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at."可知，是给提供清理服务的公司打电话，句意：他打电话给一家海啸过后提供清理服务的公司。故选A。
（3）B 动词辨析。volunteer自愿；live居住；train训练；travel旅行；根据"The company would provide a flat for Mr. Reynolds"可知，Johnson要跟随父亲去日本，在日本住上一年，句意：这意味着Johnson将在日本居住一年。故选B。
（4）D 短语辨析。set up成立；pickup捡起；fix up安装；give up放弃；根据上文可知，父亲要去日本一年，自己也将要离开现在的一切跟随父亲去，即放弃现在的一切，句意： Johnson想起了明年将不得不放弃的足球队，朋友，学校和其他的一切。故选D。
（5）C 名词辨析。books书；paintings画；photos照片；videos视频；根据"One photo showed.."可知，他们看的是照片，句意：收拾好行李后，Johnson走进起居室，他的爸爸和妹妹正在那里看一些照片。故选C。
（6）B 动词辨析。argued争论；explained解释；added添加；reported报道；根据"where his dad and sister were looking at some..he would work to clean up the mess they were looking at."可知，这里是父亲给他的妹妹解释照片上的内容，句意：雷诺兹先生解释说，他将努力清理他们看到的那些乱七八糟的东西。故选B。
（7）A 形容词辨析。frightened害怕的；regretful后悔的；strange奇怪的；angry生气的；根据One photo showed a group of kids standing on a muddy（泥泞的）soccer field. Johnson suddenly saw himself standing with them可知Johnson体会到了在同样的处境中他也会感到害怕，句意：Johnson突然看到自己和他们站在一起，他意识到在同样的情况下他会感到多么害怕。故选A。
（8）D 副词辨析。Suddenly突然；Naturally自然地；Proudly自豪地；Luckily幸运地；根据"people were coming from all over the world to help."可知，全世界的人们都来帮助，是幸运的，句意：幸运的是，全世界的人都来帮忙。故选D。
文章讲述Johnson即将跟随父亲去刚刚发生过海啸的日本待一年，去清理废墟，他的心情很不好，后来当他看到父亲拿的灾难后的照片上的情景时，Johnson突然想到了如果自己处于同样的处境，也会害怕，他想去到日本后也可以和那里的孩子一起踢球，帮助他们摆脱混乱。
考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
21~23.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据My hometown hero is my older brother, Jack.可知威廉姆认为他家乡的英雄是他的哥哥，故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据On April 14， 2020， she went to the hospital to give blood.可知在2020年4月14日，安迪的妈妈去医院献血，故选C。
（3）A.细节推理题。根据She thought it was her duty to keep me safe and my life normal during this pandemic.她觉得疫情期间保证我和生活的安全是她的职责，据此推断格蕾丝的妈妈非常负责任，故选A。
本文主要讲了四个年轻人对于疫情期间家乡英雄的写作。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24~26.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段Three girls, Kristen, Jenna and Marisa from New York, learned about a growing problem from a reading test they took.The problem is e-waste, short for electronic waste.来自纽约的克里斯汀、詹娜和玛丽莎，从她们参加的一项阅读测试中得知了一个越来越严重的问题。问题是电子垃圾，可知他们从阅读测试上知道了电子垃圾，故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段So the girls started a recycling drive to help other students and the community learn about properly recycling e-waste.可知因此，女孩们开始了一项回收运动，以帮助其他学生和社区学习如何正确回收电子垃圾。故选D。
（3）B.主旨大意题。根据最后一段The girls' project also helped them become finalists in the We Can Change the World Challenge, a national student competition. The E-Waste Girls see a bright future in which projects like theirs will not be needed any more.这个女孩项目还帮助她们进入了"我们可以改变世界挑战"（We Can Change The World Challenge）的决赛，这是一个全国性的学生比赛。电子垃圾女孩看到了一个她们这样的项目将不再被需要的光明未来，可知本文主要讲了三个女孩教人们正确回收电子垃圾的事情，因此判断这三个女孩的故事想告诉我们的是学生也可以帮助改变世界。故选B。
本文主要讲了三个女孩在学校倡导人们正确回收电子垃圾的故事。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27~29.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据"Scientists at RMIT University in Australia have come up with a new font （字体） that can help you remember—by making words harder to read."澳大利亚RMIT大学的科学家们想出了一种新字体，这可以帮助你记忆——通过让单词更难阅读。可知，发明这种新的字体是为了帮助记忆。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据Scientists have discovered that people often remembered things better if it was a little bit harder for them to read. The scientists learned that if you are reading words that are difficult to recognize, your brain has to work a little bit harder to make sense of the words that your eyes are seeing. This extra work helps your brain remember the ideas better.科学家发现，如果阅读稍微困难一点，人们往往会记得更清楚。科学家们发现，如果你在阅读难以识别的单词，你的大脑必须更加努力地理解你眼睛看到的单词。这项额外的工作帮助你的大脑更好地记住想法。可知，如果你在读难以识别的单词，你的大脑就必须更加努力地工作，才能理解你眼睛看到的单词。这些额外的工作可以帮助你的大脑更好地记住这些想法。也就是只有通过努力的识别单词提高记忆力，再由"Probably the most obvious one is that all of the letters have gaps （缺口） in them. When the letters have these gaps, the brain has to fill in the gaps to recognize them."可知，大脑必须通过填补这些字母上的缺口才能识别它们，由此来加深记忆，C选项"努力识别单词可以提高记忆力"符合题意。故选C。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据"The other surprising thing about Sans Forgetica is it slants （倾斜） backwards. You may be used to seeing words written in italics—letters that slant toward the right. Stephen Banham, who helped create Sans Forgetica says, "Backslants are only used in maps to show the position （位置） of rivers."另一件令人惊讶的事情是它是倾斜的。你可能已经习惯于看到用斜体书写的单词——向右倾斜的字母。斯蒂芬•班汉姆，他帮助创建了无遗忘地图，他说："背景地图只用于显示位置的河流。 "可知，这种字体是与普通的斜体字不同，它是向后倾斜的，即向左倾斜，并且只在地图上用来显示河流的位置。说明这种字母不常被使用，故选B。
文章介绍了澳大利亚皇家墨尔本理工学院的科学家们发明了一种新字体，通过让单词更难读来帮助记忆，以及介绍了这种字体的有关情况。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
30~33.【答案】A、B、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】文章阐述了心存疑虑的益处。
1.
根据People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn't right."可知，人们往往会认为拥有所有答案的人比问很多问题的人更聪明。因此，人们常常试图用不同的方式来掩饰自己的困惑，因此他们掩盖自己的困惑是希望别人对他做出正面的判断，让别人认为他们是聪明的。故选A。
。
2. 根据"In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding…Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test."可知，科学研究表明困惑实际上会导致更深的理解，在课堂上表达困惑的学生在期末考试中表现得更好。由此可知，困惑对学习有帮助。故选B。
3. 根据when you decide firmly（坚定地）about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity."可知，当你坚定地决定你身份的某些部分时。你下定决心要以符合自己身份的方式行事。及对自己某些部分做出承诺后，要以某种对应的方式来行事，所以单词"commitment"指的是"承诺"，故选A。
4. 根据"So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion."以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是鼓励人们与其试图掩盖困惑，不如尝试一种新方法，寻求帮助，或者研究不同的方法来处理问题，从而克服困惑。故选D。
34.【答案】【小题1】It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.
【小题2】It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses.
【小题3】As we become adults.
【小题4】It is 2200 metres long.
【小题5】Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.
【解析】（1）It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.细节理解题。根据In September 2020，scientists published（发表）a study about one change that happens. It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently.可知2020年9月，科学家们发表了（发表）关于发生的一个变化的研究。这表明，随着我们的成长，我们的大脑对单词的处理方式会有所不同。故答案为 It shows that as we grow, our brain processes words differently。
（2）It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses.细节理解题。根据The brain is an organ in the body. It controls how the body works. It also controls how we think and use our senses. 可知大脑是身体的一个器官。它控制着身体的运作。它还控制着我们思考和使用感官的方式。故答案为It controls how the body works and how we think and use our senses。
（3）As we become adults. 细节理解题。根据 As we become adults, the brain only uses the left side for this task. 可知当我们成年后，大脑只使用左侧来完成这项任务。所以根据纽波特的研究，从我们成年后开始人们只使用左脑来理解语言。故答案为As we become adults。
（4）Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI）is a high-tech tools that can measure the brain.细节理解题。根据Today's scientists have high-tech tools that can measure（测量）the brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI） is one of them. 可知今天的科学家有高科技工具可以测量（测量）大脑。功能磁共振成像（FMRI）就是其中之一。所以第五段主要讲功能磁共振成像（FMRI）是一种能够测量大脑的高科技工具。故答案为 Functional magnetic resonance imaging （FMRI）is a high-tech tools that can measure the brain.。
（5）Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.推理判断题。根据Other scientists are doing research too. They are studying brain areas that process vision and memory. Newport hopes to combine her study results with work by those scientists to get a more "complete map" of how brains work.可知其他科学家也在做研究。他们正在研究处理视觉和记忆的大脑区域。纽波特希望将她的研究成果与这些科学家的工作结合起来，得到大脑工作的更"完整地图"。所以纽波特希望把她的学习成果和别人的工作结合起来因为这些科学家试图获得大脑工作的更"完整的地图"。故答案为Because these scientists are trying to get a more "complete map" of how the brain works.。
文章讲了随着我们的成长，我们的大脑在很多方面都会发生变化。2020年9月，科学家们发表了关于发生的一个变化的研究。这表明，随着我们的成长，我们的大脑对单词的处理方式会有所不同。这项研究由乔治敦大学医学中心研究和治疗大脑的医生伊丽莎•纽波特领导。
题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力。
35.【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am interested in volunteering to tell stories about China's intangible cultural heritage to international students online.（点题）
I am Li Hua, a boy from Class 2， Grade 9. I love Chinese culture very much and I'm good at English.【高分句型一】 I hope I can spread Chinese culture by telling stories about our intangible cultural heritage. If I have the chance, I can make videos to tell international students the history of kites and teach them to make kites. 【高分句型二】I'm sure they will be very interested in it.（介绍自己）
Thank you for your consideration. And I am looking forward to your reply.（期待）
Sincerely ，
Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
I love Chinese culture very much and I'm good at English.我非常喜欢中国文化，我擅长英语。
be good at擅长……
【高分句型二】
If I have the chance, I can make videos to tell international students the history of kites and teach them to make kites.如果我有机会，我可以制作视频告诉国际学生风筝的历史，教他们制作风筝。
if引导条件状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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