中考英语语法专题五：形容词副词学案

这是一份中考英语语法专题五：形容词副词学案，共7页。学案主要包含了实战演练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考语法专题五：形容词副词一、             辨别形容词&副词形容词（adj.），描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、 状态、特征或属性常译为“……的”如：smart（聪明的）；happy（快乐的）；beautiful（漂亮的）副词(adv.)，指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念，常译成“……地”如：fast（迅速地）；often（时常）；有些副词以“-ly”结尾,,，如：happily（快乐地）；quickly（快速地）。注意：friendly是形容词，译成“友好的”。【实战演练】一、在单词后边的横线上写出相应的词性（简写即可）friendly                daily             .usually                seldom           .interesting             more             .   many                 well             . good                  hardly             .far                    little              .ugly                   nice               .  unhappy               quickly             .  careful                 carefully             . 形容词变副词①     在形容词词尾直接加-ly. 如: real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly ②     以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly. 如: busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily ③     以le结尾的形容词，把le改为-ly.如:terrible-terribly; possible-possibly ④ 以元音字母+e结尾的形容词，去e加-ly注意：某些单词以辅音字母+e结尾，但直接加-ly。 如：completely 注意: friendly; motherly; lovely; ugly; daily等词是形容词而非副词. 【实战演练】二、形容词副词互相转换quickly                    happy              .true                      usual                .real                      carefully              .helpful                   hopefully              .quiet                     easy                  .angrily                   completely _________________.              辨析形容词副词用法①     She feels tired.   She is tired.②     It tastes delicious.She looks great.③     Mary is really happy.Mary smiles happily.④     He runs very fast.   He plays basketball well.【思考】What can you find from these sentences?     三、 形容词、副词比较级最高级的变化规则（1）          规则变化1．一般单音节词和少数以-er,-or结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；　　（1）单音节词　　如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest 　　tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest　　（2）双音节词　　如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest 　　2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词, 去掉e然后比较级在原级后加-er,最高级在原级后加-est；　　如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest　　3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；　　如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest　　4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；　　如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest 　　busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest　　5．其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；　　如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful　　different→more different→most different 　　easily→more easily→most easily规则原级比较级最高级1. 单音节词的比较级+er, 最高级+estshortshortershortest2. 以e结尾的单音节词比较级+r, 最高级+stnicenicernicest3. 辅音字母+y结尾变y为i, 比较级再+er,最高级+est happyhappierhappiest4. 重读闭音节，双写结尾的辅音字母，比较级再+er,最高级+estbigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest 5.某些双音节词和多音节词(3个或以上) 的比较级在前面+more或+less,最高级+the most或the least. famous more famous the most famousinterestingmore interestingthe most interesting （2）          不规则变化有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.　　如：good→better→best； well→better→best　　    bad→worse→worst； ill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldest 口诀助记：两多，两好，两坏病，一老，一少，远距离。 口诀原级比较级最高级口诀原级比较级最高级两多manymoremost一老old eldestmuch oldest两好goodbetter 一少littlelessleastwell 两坏病bad   worst 远距离 farfarther(距离远)farthestbadlyfurther(程度深，深入)furthestill 【实战演练】三、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级short                                                            .happy                                                           .kind                                                            .tall                                                             .thin                                                            .old                                                             .nice                                                            .friendly                                                         . 四、     形容词比较级最高级的用法（1）          比较级：形容词副词比较级常用于两个人或物的比较 ①比较级+than  Eg:  Health is more important than wealth. 健康比财富更重要。      He is taller than me. 他比我高。（2）          最高级：形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思. ①     句子中有表示范围的词或短语.如：of the three, in our class等等.Eg: He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的② 最高级+of …, in…, among.         Eg: Lisa runs fastest in her class. 莉莎在她班中跑得最快。           Jordon is the most famous player of all the basketball players.乔丹是所有篮球运动员中最闻名的。【实战演练】1. I find Lucy is the _______ (clever) girl in our class.2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.4.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.5.The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.1. cleverest2.less3.elder4.youngest5.cheapest      一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级good                                                               _____.nervous                                                                .important                                                               .quickly                                                                  .often                                                                    .many                                                                   .much                                                                    .fast                                                                      .badly                                                                    .bad                                                                     .二、填空题Please speak ________ (slow) so that we can make full notes. He played the piano ________(success) .This trip to China has ________(real) inspired me to learn my Mandrain（普通话）.In my grandfather’s time, computers were very ________ (popular). So ________ (excite) was the game that I forgot all about the coming finals. 三、单选题(   ) 1. Sally is __________ of the two girls. A. lazier B. the laziest C. lazy     D. the lazier(   ) 2. Ana found it _______ to climb the mountain without help. A. difficult B. easily C. difficultly  D. hardly(   ) 3. China is developing _______ of all the countries in the world. A. fast B. faster C. fastest   D. the most fast(   )4. Which room is _______, the large one or the small one?bright B. brighter C. brightest D. the brightest (   ) 5. –Tim, do you think time is money?       –Yes, but I think it is __________ money.
     A. more important than  B. very important as  C. the same as  D. not important as
(   )6. Paris is one of _______ cities in the world. A. more beautiful B. beautiful       C. most beautifulD. the most beautiful(   ) 7. The old man lives ______ in a small village, but he never feels ________.alone, lonely B. lonely, alone   C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone(   ) 8. –Mr. Yang has been ill. How is he now?            –He is even ________ today.填空题1.slowly           2.succeffully           3.really        4.papular       5.exciting单选题1-5BACBA   6-8DAA