中考英语总复习15专题十五选择型阅读PPT课件（福建专用）

这是一份中考英语总复习15专题十五选择型阅读PPT课件（福建专用），共60页。

中考英语（福建专用）
专题十五　选择型阅读
A组　福建中考题组
Passage 1(2020福建,A) 
1.What is the prize for 2nd place in Slogan Design Competition?A.A certificate.　　B.A novel.C.A dictionary.　　D.A movie ticket.2.When is Thumbelina put on?A.8:00 pm, Sept. 6.　　B.7:30 pm, Oct. 2.C.8:30 pm, Nov. 7.　　D.11:00 am, Aug. 3.3.How many advantages does the fitness class have?A.Two.　　B.Three.　　C.Four.　　D.Five.
4.What will the students probably do in Little Cook Training Program?A.Enjoy The Red Shoes.B.Increase daily physical activity.C.Learn how to make Beijing duck.D.Help the cooks wash dishes.5.The organizer of the activities above is 　    .A.the Student Center　　B.Tom WeaverC.Fitness Club　　D.Adelina Santos
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇应用文,是来自学生中心的四则通知。1.B　细节理解题。由第一则通知Slogan Design Competition表格中的2nd place对应的A novel:Harry Potter可知,标语设计大赛二等奖的奖品是一本小说,故选B。2.B　细节理解题。由第二则通知Classical Drama表格中的第三行可知,Thumbelina上演的时间是Oct. 2 7:30 pm,故选B。3.C　推理判断题。由第三则通知30-minute Fitness Club中的Here are some advantages后面的优点可判断出健身课有四个优点。故选C。4.C　细节理解题。由第四则通知Little Cook Training Program中的If you enjoy creating delicious dishes可知,你可以在小厨师训练项目中做菜。故选C。5.A　细节理解题。由文章的标题Notices from the Student Center可知,这是四则来自学生中心的通知,由此可推知活动的组织者是学生中心,故选A。
重点词汇　competition n.比赛;provide v.提供;electronic adj.电子的;dictionary n.词典;classical adj.经典的;chance n.机会
词汇积累　creatively adv.创造性地;fitness n.健康;increase v.增加
Passage 2(2020福建,B)　　When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels to the project because, she explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25,000—one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations (捐赠),even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost!After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs—saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community,”Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there’s a challenge (挑战) pre-sented to you, you can learn from it and use it as a chance to overcome it.”
1.After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire 　    .A.raised $25,000　    B.asked for more helpC.sold old newspapers　    D.donated half the cost2.What does the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)?A.Solar panels.　　B.Second-hand books.C.Shows.　　D.Donations.3.Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels? 
4.From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that 　    .A.hard work was her favoriteB.the project went smoothlyC.a small thing makes a big differenceD.solar panels cost a lot5.What would be the best title for the text?A.A Dependent Girl　　B.A Modern SchoolC.Don’t Waste Energy　　D.Never Give Up
答案语篇解读　　美国蒙大拿州的克莱尔在七年级时,建议学校安装太阳能电池板,并发动周围的人为此筹款,经过两年的努力,太阳能电池板成功安装。1.B　细节理解题。由第二段第二句So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work rais-ing the rest.可知,克莱尔组织了一群孩子和成人开始筹集剩下的费用,即克莱尔寻求更多的帮助。故选B。2.D　词义猜测题。根据put on talent shows and asked for donations可知,them指donations,故选D。3.C　推理判断题。由第三段中的which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs—saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars可知学校的电费减少了,所以应选C,费用减少。4.C　细节理解题。由最后一段中克莱尔的话可知,关于这个项目她最喜欢的部分是一个人可以从一件小事开始,然后对社会产生巨大的影响,因而选择C项。
重点词汇　project n.项目;modern adj.现代化的;offer v.提供;cost n.费用;influence n.影响
5.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,经过两年的努力,太阳能电池板才安装成功,并且最后一段克莱尔指出,当挑战摆在你面前时,你要从中学习,把它当作一次机会去克服它,所以本文是想告诉读者,遇到困难,永远不要放弃。故选D。
词汇积累　modernize v.使……现代化
Passage 3(2020福建,C)　　Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imag-inable. Jack preferred to draw, paint, or build sandcastles (沙堡).Frank didn’t understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often al-lowed many kids to play together. That was when Jack’s idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the question,“Can you top this?” He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry—all ages welcome.
When Frank saw a poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come. Still, shortly after sunrise on Sat-urday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By mid-morning, four kids were sculpting (雕塑) the sand a-longside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother’s plan turned out. He couldn’t believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles,and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.“I guess you’ve proved me wrong,” Frank said. “You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradi-tion!” Handing Frank a shovel (铲子) with a smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.
1.What does the underlined word “hatched” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?A.产生　　B.改变　　C.消失　　D.中断2.What helped people know about Jack’s plan?A.Beautiful towers.　　B.Colorful posters.C.A town building.　　D.A sandcastle day.3.When learning about Jack’s plan, Frank was 　　    .A.doubtful　　B.interested　　C.satisfied　　D.nervous
4.What can we know about Jack’s idea?A.It came from a picture.B.It needed 30 people’s support.C.It proved Frank right.D.It did work well.5.Which of the following best describes Jack?A.Honest.　　B.Creative.　　C.Outgoing.　　D.Caring.
答案语篇解读　　弗兰克和弟弟杰克,一个外向,一个害羞。外向的弗兰克不理解热爱艺术类活动的杰克为什么不喜欢有很多孩子参与的球类运动,杰克用一次沙堡活动向哥哥证明艺术类活动也可以由很多人一起快乐地进行。1.A　词义猜测题。联系上下文可知,弗兰克认为球类运动可以让孩子们一起玩,后来杰克向弗兰克证明艺术类活动也可以一起进行。由此可知此时杰克产生了证明给弗兰克看的念头,故选A。2.B　细节理解题。由第三段尾句中的“He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry”可知,海报帮助人们了解了杰克的计划,故选B。
3.A　细节理解题。由第四段第一句“When Frank saw a poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come.”可知,当弗兰克看到海报时,他不很友好地告诉杰克没有一个人会来。doubtful怀疑的;interested感兴趣的;satisfied满意的;nervous紧张的。4.D　细节理解题。由第五段第三句“At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together!”可知,杰克的想法实现了,收到了很好的效果,故选D。5.B　推理判断题。由文章的内容可知,杰克创作沙堡、想出沙堡活动计划,这些都展现出杰克的创造力。honest诚实的;creative有创造力的;outgoing外向的;caring乐于助人的,故选B。
长难句Frank didn’t understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball.弗兰克不理解为什么杰克宁愿做艺术类的事情,也不愿打球。why引导宾语从句。would rather do... than do...宁愿做……也不愿做……。
重点词汇　ocean n.海洋;famous adj.出名的;organize v.组织;beach n.沙滩;prefer v.更喜欢;allow v.允许;spe-cial adj.特别的;poster n.海报
词汇积累　top v.超过;nicely adv.友好地;creation n.创作,作品
Passage 4(2020福建,D)　　From tiny seeds (种子),great discoveries grow. A mini-garden carried on China’s Chang’e 4 moon lan-der recently became home to the first plant to grow on another world.
This is yet another success for Chang’e 4. On January 2,the probe (探测器) became the first lander to touch down on the far side of the moon. This is the unknown face of the moon that is always looking away from us, so we never see it from down here on the earth. Although it is often regarded as the dark side of the moon, the far
side actually gets as much sunshine as the near side. For example, when all we can see is a silver silver of a new moon, the far side of the moon is in full sunlight.Part of Chang’e 4’s mission (使命) is to see how a moon base could be built for humans, including exploring (探索) whether humans could grow food and other plant products there. Chang’e 4 carried a mini-garden with air, water and soil with seeds planted in it. When plants shoot on the earth, their stems grow away from the gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground),and so they always shoot upwards. The moon’s gravity is a sixth as strong as the earth’s, so Chang’e 4’s experiment was a test: would the earth plants know which way was up on the moon? Four days after landing, a tiny cotton shoot showed that they do.Night has now fallen on the far side of the moon; sunlight will not return until the start of February. As a result, the cotton shoots died. Besides the darkness, the plants can’t stand the cold (it can drop to -170℃ on the moon at night). However, the experiment is a success, since it has proved that it is possible for plants to grow in space.
1.The text is mainly about 　　    .A.another success for Chang’e 4 B.Chang’e 4 moon landerC.tiny seeds in the soil D.the steps of an experiment2.Which of the following is TRUE about Chang’e 4?A.It carried a mini-garden.B.It landed on the near side of the moon.C.It explored the moon base.D.It found plants on the moon.3.From the text we can know that 　　    .A.the far side of the moon gets less sunlightB.we can see the far side of the moon from the earthC.the stems fail to grow away from the earth’s gravityD.the earth plants know the way to grow on the moon
4.What can be inferred (推理) from the text?A.Plants can be grown on the moon soon.B.It is perfect to do experiments on the moon.C.The cotton shoots can last 4 days on the moon.D.We can see a new moon at the start of February.5.In which section of a magazine can you read the text?A.Health and sport.B.History and culture.C.Science and technology.D.Population and environment.
答案语篇解读　　嫦娥四号登月器上携带的小型花园成了第一棵生长在另一个星球上的植物的家园——这也是嫦娥四号的另一个成功。1.A　主旨大意题。由文章的首段第二句和第二段首句可知,文章主要讲嫦娥四号携带的小型花园成为月球上第一棵植物的家园,这是嫦娥四号的又一个成功。故选A。2.A　细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知A项正确。B项中应是“far side of the moon”,故错误;文章不曾提及它探索月球基地,故C项错误;文中并未提及在月球上发现植物,故排除D。3.D　推理判断题。从第二段第四句中的“the far side actually gets as much sunshine as the near side”可知A项错误;从第二段第三句中的“we never see it from down here on the earth”可知B项错误;从第三段第三句可知C项错误;从第三段最后两句可知D项正确。
4.D　推理判断题。从第二段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“sunlight will not return until the start of February”可知,二月初,阳光会照射月球背面,我们能看到新月,故D正确。5.C    推理判断题。由全文主要内容可知,本文介绍了嫦娥四号探测器上做的种子生长实验,属于科技版块,故选C。
长难句Part of Chang’e 4’s mission is to see how a moon base could be built for humans, including exploring whether humans could grow food and other plant products there.嫦娥四号的部分任务是了解如何为人类建成一个月球基地,包括探索人类是否可以在那里种植粮食和其他植物产品。这是一个主从复合句,how和whether均引导宾语从句。
重点词汇　plant n.植物 v.种植;although conj.虽然,尽管;for example例如;including prep.包含;soil n.土壤;return v.回来,归还;besides prep.除……之外(还有)
词汇积累　lander n.着陆器;actually adv.实际上;shoot n.幼苗;experiment n.实验;darkness n.黑暗
Passage 5(2019福建,A)
One pleasant evening, I was holding Grandpa’s hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts? Give me now!” he suddenly said. How I wished I had some with me! “William, the monkeys are taking longto come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lost in one of his memories again. I re-membered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the goldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them for the first time.
Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症) last year. The doctor said it was a progres-sive brain disorder which could destroy(破坏) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments(判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelong disease. But when my parents invited him to stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alone. One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cook-ing porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.
1.What did Grandpa want to do in the park?A.Eat peanuts.　　B.Smell flowers.C.Feed monkeys.　　D.Tell stories.2.What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor?A.His brain wouldn’t need examinations.B.His memory could get better.C.He might not judge things correctly.D.He had to live by himself.3.After getting to Grandpa’s, the neighbor 　　    .A.turned off the fire　　B.cooked porridgeC.shared the meal　　D.spread some news
4.Why did the writer’s parents bring Grandpa to live with them?A.To make sure of his safety.B.To help him remember their names.C.To answer his questions in time.D.To get his help with the housework.5.Which of the following best describes the writer?A.Smart.　　B.Caring.　　C.Honest.　　D.Brave.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的爷爷得了阿尔茨海默症之后,生活发生的变化。1.C　细节理解题。由第一段中的“今天猴子们花了很长时间才出来”可知,爷爷想在公园里喂猴子。故本题选C。2.C　细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句“医生说它是一种逐步的大脑紊乱,它会破坏一个人的记忆。病人可能也不会做出合理的判断。”可知应选C。技巧导航　文章中的make reasonable judgments与选项中的judge things correctly意义相近。考生在答题时应掌握同根词意义相近的原则,从而做出正确判断。
3.A　细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知,一天,爷爷煮完粥后忘了关炉火,在火蔓延之前,一个邻居过来帮助了爷爷,故选A。4.A　推理判断题。由第二段描述爷爷煮粥忘记关炉火的事件可以推测出,作者的父母接爷爷来一同居住的原因是确保爷爷的安全,故选A。5.B　推理判断题。由第三段中的描述:每次爷爷问我是谁,我在他的房间里干什么,我总是温柔地回答:爷爷,是我Ray。即使他忘了我是谁,他也是我最心爱的爷爷。可以推测出,作者是一个体贴人、关心他人的人。smart聪明的;caring体贴的,关心他人的;honest诚实的;brave勇敢的。由文章内容可知应选B。
长难句I remembered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid.我记得他告诉过我的,当他是个孩子时,他是如何喂猴子的那些故事。本句是一个主从复合句。he told me...为定语从句,先行词为stories,关系代词被省略了。how he fed the monkeys 为宾语从句,when he was a kid是时间状语从句。
重点词汇    pleasant adj. 令人愉快的;memory n. 记忆;for the first time 第一次;fall ill 生病;neighbor n.邻居
词汇积累　peanut n.花生;progressive adj.逐步的;lifelong adj. 终身的,毕生的;softly adv.温和地,轻声地
Passage 6(2019福建,B)
1.The main purpose of the text is to 　　    .A.give instructions on making a rocketB.introduce the Acme Rocket LauncherC.show different kinds of rocketsD.encourage rocket drawing2.Which of the following is TRUE about the bottle?A.It can be of any size.B.It must be made of glass.C.It should be clean and dry.D.It needs to be filled with cola.
3.The rocket’s nose cone is rolled from 　　    .A.the cola bottle　    B.the poster boardC.a small triangle　    D.the large triangle4.What can you get from Step 4? 5.In which section of a newspaper would you probably read the text?A.Sports News.　    B.Job Wanted.C.Do It Yourself.　    D.Lost and Found.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何手工制作一个火箭模型。1.A　主旨大意题。由文章内容可以知道,本文是自己动手制作火箭模型的说明,故选A。2.C　细节理解题。由文章中的“a 500ml plastic cola bottle”及Step 1中的“Clean the cola bottle complete-ly and allow it to dry.”可知应选C。深度解析　判断哪个选项正确或不正确时,每个选项需要到文章中找到对应信息进行判断,不可凭记忆随便选择。
3.D　细节理解题。由文章中Step 3中的“Roll the large triangle so that two of its sides touch and it forms a rocket’s nose cone.”可知选D。4.D　推理判断题。由文章中的Step 4可知,将火箭的头部锥体粘在瓶子的底部就制成了火箭的顶部。通过理解文字信息即可得到图D,故选D。5.C　推理判断题。由文章的主要内容可知文章介绍:自己动手制作火箭模型。故选C。Sports News体育新闻;Job Wanted 工作招聘;Do It Yourself亲手制作;Lost and Found失物招领。
长难句If you have your own Acme Rocket Launcher, you can create and send up rockets that show off your personali-ty and creativity.如果你拥有自己的Acme火箭发射器,你就可以创造和发射自己的火箭,它们可以展现你的个性和创造力。If引导条件状语从句。 主句中有一个定语从句,先行词为rockets,that为关系代词, 在定语从句中作主语。
重点词汇    own adj.自己的;rocket n.火箭;create v.创造,创建;send up发射,发送;large adj.大的
词汇积累　launcher n.发射器;show off 炫耀,展示;household adj.家用的,日常的
Passage 7(2019福建,C)All over the world, thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism. People travel to watch monkey shows, hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins. It might look like fun, but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again. The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed(暴露) to ill treatment around the world; in Cambodia, for example, it’s been reported that elephants have died after carry-ing tourists for long in hot weather. This is getting attention—over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places. However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems. So what do you think?
1.How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP?A.More than 100.　　B.Hundreds.C.Thousands.　　D.About 550,000.2.The underlined words “such places” refer to(指) the places for 　　    .A.foreign travelers　　B.sick elephantsC.wildlife protection　　D.animal tourism3.What opinion do the two groups have in common?A.Animals can live wherever they like.B.Wildlife should be protected.C.Animal tourism supports poor people.D.Wildlife is well looked after.
4.“Group Yes” suggests that people should not disturb animals 　　    .A.in Cambodia　　B.in travel companiesC.in real life　　D.in poor areas5.What is the text mainly about?A.Ways of protecting rare species.B.Different opinions on wildlife tourism.C.How to bring tourists enjoyment.D.Whether to collect information on wildlife.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对野生动物旅游业持有的截然不同的两种看法。有人认为野生动物旅游业不应当开放,有人认为野生动物旅游业也有它的好处。1.D　细节理解题。由第一段中的The World Animal Protection(WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed to ill treatment around the world 可知,多达550,000只野生动物受到虐待。故选D。2.D　词义猜测题。由上下文可推测出,此处指前文提到的动物旅游业。故选D。3.B　推理判断题。由左边Group Yes表格可知,正方认为人类不需要野生动物旅游业,人类应当去保护它们。由右边Group No表格中的第三点中的“Some endangered animals are under the protection...”可知,反方也同意应当保护野生动物,故选B。
4.C　细节理解题。由Group Yes表格中的最后一句“There’s no need to disturb them in real life.”可知选C。5.B　主旨大意题。由文章的内容可知,本文主要展示了人们关于野生动物旅游业的两种不同观点,故选B。
重点词汇    tourism n. 旅游业;travel v. 旅游;report v. & n.报道;elephant n. 大象;planet n. 星球;communicate v.沟通
词汇积累　wildlife n. 野生动物,野生生物;enjoyment n. 愉快,乐趣;endangered adj.濒临灭绝的;rare adj. 稀有的,珍贵的
Passage 8(2019福建,D)Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression(印象)”? It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true—the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed an opinion about the kind of person you are.So how do you make a good first impression? All things grown-ups tell you—such as being polite, and being well-dressed—are very important. However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost always leave a positive(积极的)im-pression on people, especially those who do not know you. Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile
back when they are smiled at.Furthermore, smiling and being in a positive mood helps you to know and get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly. So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet—and impress—with a cheerful smile.1.What does the underlined word “reacts” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese?A.回应　　B.道歉　　C.报告　　D.建议2.Which paragraph shows how soon others form opinions on you?A.Paragraph 1.　　B.Paragraph 2.C.Paragraph 3.　　D.Paragraph 4.
3.What is the most important to leave good impressions?A.Shaking hands.　　B.Stating your name.C.Dressing nicely.　　D.Wearing a smile.4.What can be learned from the last paragraph?A.Friendliness helps solve problems.B.Being positive helps you find a way out.C.There are many reasons to be happy.D.Thinking of great people cheers you up.5.What would be the best title for the text?A.The First Impression Does CountB.Smiling Makes the First ImpressionC.Manners Leave Deep ImpressionsD.Impressions Decide Who You Are
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何给别人留下良好的第一印象。1.A　词义猜测题。由该词前的or的用法可猜测出react的词义应该与treat相近,故选A。2.B　细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知,更有趣的是大脑吸收所有信息,产生第一印象大约只需三秒钟时间,故选B。3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知,留下好的第一印象最重要的是你的脸。由第四句可知,微笑、热情、开心都能给人留下好的印象,故选D。4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容分析可知,第一句为总述句,第二、三句是对第一句的解释说明。由此可知积极的心态有助于你解决问题。故选B。5.A　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述第一印象的重要性及如何留下良好的第一印象,故选A。
长难句What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds.更加有趣的是,大脑只需要大约三秒钟就可以吸收所有信息以产生第一印象。本句为主从复合句。what引导主语从句,is后的that引导表语从句,to create that first impression为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
重点词汇　chance n. 机会;information n.信息;smile n. & v.微笑;possibly adv. 可能;problem n.问题;reason n.理由
词汇积累　second n.秒;responsive adj.反应敏捷,热情的;cheerful adj. 令人愉快的,快乐的
Passage 9(2018福建,A)　　My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn’t really like cooking and when she did cook, I didn’t like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱)and was ready for a bigger challenge(挑战).I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef(主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking.Now I know that when you stop caring whether you’ll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.
1.The writer is now　　    .A.a TV star　　B.a news reporterC.a well-known bookseller　　D.a good chef2.What made the writer begin to cook?A.His parents’ wish.B.The customers’ advice.C.His mother’s delicious food.D.The information about cooking on TV.
3.After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to　　    .A.take cooking lessonsB.write his cookbookC.make new dishes of his ownD.open a restaurant4.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refers to(指代)“　　    ”.A.the bookstore　　B.a test kitchenC.a dinner club　　D.the country5.What is important for the writer?A.Finding a good job.B.Making lots of money.C.Doing what he loves.D.Becoming famous.
答案语篇解读“我”从十一岁起爱上烹饪。受电视上烹饪节目的启发,“我”开始买来烹饪书学做菜。之后,“我”开始创造自己的菜肴,为更多人做菜,建立美食俱乐部,“我”也逐步成长为全国顶级的厨师。“我”明白了当你停止关注自己是否会出名,是否能做好时,你的梦想就离你越来越近了。1.D    细节理解题。从文章第二段中“Now as a teen chef(主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country.”可知作者现在是一名厨师,故此题选D。2.D    细节理解题。从文章第一段第三句“Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.”可知作者在看了电视上的烹饪节目后受到启发,接着去书店买了烹饪书,并开始了他的烹饪之旅。故此题选择D。
3.C    细节理解题。从文章第二段第一、二句“During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱)and was ready for a bigger challenge(挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family.”可知作者在完成了食谱上的大部分菜品后,想要创造出自己的菜肴,故此题选择C。4.B    推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三、四句“To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly.”可知,作者创造了一个实验厨房,并且在那里进行烹饪和菜品的测试。故此题答案为B。5.C    细节理解题。从文章第二段的最后一句话“I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cook-ing.”可知对于作者来说,最重要的是他对烹饪的热爱,而不是金钱或者其他东西。故此题选C。
长难句Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home.之后,我和我母亲建立了晚餐俱乐部,俱乐部每月在我家举行一次活动。此句为一个主从复合句。主句为主谓宾结构:my mom and I为主语,set up为谓语,a dinner club为宾语。that organized monthly events inside my home为定语从句,对先行词a dinner club起修饰作用,关系代词为that。
重点词汇　bookstore n.书店;create v.创造;dish n.盘子,菜肴;allow v.允许;monthly adj.每月的
Passage 10(2018福建,B)　　Jackie is writing a summary(总结)and feedback about School Day to his teacher.Summary:School Day was held successfully on May 6th. Twenty-four student helpers from Grade 8 were divided into four groups of six. Each group had a task to raise money for the disabled. 　　All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors. In short, our School
Day went well and we got no poor opinions from the visitors.Feedback:Opinions from 100 students have been collected. Most students thought the activities were good. However, some students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little too high.Follow-up:Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers. 
1.The text is written to　　    .A.give a reportB.have School DayC.collect opinions from visitorsD.hold a meeting with teachers2.What were sold in Tina’s group?A.School postcards.　　B.Chinese paintings.C.Recycling bags.　　D.Homemade snacks.
3.How did the visitors feel about the activities?A.Disappointed.　　B.Satisfied.C.Worried.　　D.Surprised.4.How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback?A.50.　　B.25.　　C.15.　　D.10.5.Which of the following is TRUE about the activities?A.Nick was the leader of Group 1.B.Twenty-four students offered their feedback.C.The postcards were cheap.D.Student helpers who did well can get prizes.
答案语篇解读本文是Jackie写给老师的有关教学日的总结以及反馈。二十四名来自八年级的学生助手被分为四组。每个小组完成一个任务为残疾人筹钱。本总结反馈主要对四个小组的任务分工及取得的满意度进行了调查分析。1.A    推理判断题。从文章中第一段话“Jackie is writing a summary(总结)and feedback about School Day to his teacher.”可知Jackie是在针对教学日的相关事情做总结,表格里的内容是他的活动报告。故此题选A。2.B    细节理解题。根据Summary的表格内容第二列“Group 2/Chinese paintings(Leader:Tina)”可知Tina的小组出售的是中国画,故此题选择B。
3.B    推理判断题。根据Summary表格下的相关语句“All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors. In short, our School Day went well and we got no poor opinions from the visi-tors.”可知所有小组表现很好,收到了来自参观者的赞美。A.失望的;B.满意的;C.担心的;D.惊讶的。故此题选择B。4.A    推理判断题。根据文中柱状图可知,在参与调研的100名学生中,50%的学生(即50人)喜欢可循环使用的袋子。故此题答案为A。5.D    细节理解题。根据Summary处的表格可知,Natalie为Group 1的组长,故A错;根据Feedback部分第一句“Opinions from 100 students have been collected.”可知B错;根据Feedback部分最后一句“However, some students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little too high.”可知C错;根据Follow-up部分“Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers.”可知在本次活动中表现最优异的学生将会有奖品,故此题选D。
长难句All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors.所有小组在教学日都表现良好并且受到参观者的好评。此句为简单句,All of the groups为主语。performed和received用and连接,构成并列谓语。on School Day为时间状语。
重点词汇　successfully adv.成功地;group n.小组;high adj.高的;satisfaction n.满意;prize n.奖品
Passage 11(2018福建,C)　　Birth order—does it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your fami-ly—or maybe the last of nine?A study found that first-borns have an average(平均的)IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which im-proves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely(可能的)to be doctors and astro-nauts and get higher pay.If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be fun-ny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time
magazine article,“The Power of Birth Order”,last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful business-men.Then there are the middle children; we have not ignored(忽视)them! Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed:the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is“spoiled(宠坏的)”.Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.Many factors(因素)make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most im-portant factors.
1.Who is most likely to be a CEO?A.A first-born.　　B.A second-born.C.A third-born.　　D.A last-born.2.What can we learn about Jim Carrey?A.He was likely to be given low pay.B.He was likely to be agreeable.C.He was a first-born.D.He was a middle child.3.What does the underlined word“short-changed”in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese?A.受亏待的　　B.受控制的C.受宠爱的　　D.受欢迎的
4.We can learn from the research that birth order　　    .A.has no influence on IQB.matters a lot at the dinner tableC.may decide who we areD.is a factor in making us powerful5.What would be the best title for the text?A.Where Is Your Place in the Family?B.Who Improves Your Social Skills?C.What Makes You Successful in Life?D.How Can You Grow into a Big Man?
答案语篇解读本文是一篇调查报告。该报告称人的出生顺序会造成其成长环境的不同,因而其性格和成就也就不尽相同,你相信吗?1.A    细节理解题。第二段第二句“In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns...”可知,第一个出生的孩子更有可能成为CEO,所以选A。2.B    细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jim Carrey was the youngest of four”和第三段第一句中的“last-borns are generally more agreeable”可知,B选项是对的。故选B。3.A    词义猜测题。根据“short-changed”后面的“the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is ‘spoiled’.”可知,最大的孩子得到更多的权利,最小的孩子被宠坏,由此推知中间出生的孩子是最容易受到亏待的,故选A。
4.C    推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“Many factors make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.”可知,出生的顺序可能是决定我们人生道路的最重要的因素之一。所以选C。5.A    主旨大意题。文章主要讲述不同的出生顺序决定不同的人生道路,故选择A。
长难句A study found that first-borns have an average IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order,perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills.一项研究发现第一个出生的人拥有比其他出生顺序的人高出3点的平均智商,或许因为第一个出生的人经常帮助弟弟妹妹,这提高了他们自己的技能。此句为主从复合句。found后面的that引导宾语从句;IQ后面的that引导定语从句,修饰先行词IQ;who引导定语从句,修饰先行词people;because引导原因状语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句。
重点词汇　different adj.不同的;study n.学习,研究v.学习,研究;research n.研究
Passage 12(2018福建,D)　　Many Chinese people will wonder what presents to get for their moms on Mother’s Day, but not many know Mother’s Day is actually a festival from overseas.Mother’s Day originated(起源)in America during the early 20th century. The festival spread to China as early as the 1980s and was widely accepted.Why did a foreign festival become popular in China? In fact, traditional Chinese culture has always encouraged filial(孝顺的)devotion to parents. There are many stories which show filial respect in ancient China. For exam-ple, the story of“Taste Liquid(液体的)Medicine for Mother”tells us the filial virtue(美德)of Emperor Wen of the Western Han dynasty. His mother had been sick for three years. He often stayed up by her bedside and cared for her day and night. He tasted the liquid medicine first before she drank it. Also, mother love is a re-peated subject in ancient Chinese poems, like“Song of the Parting Son”by Meng Jiao, a poet of the Tang dy-
nasty. Now this poem is still a must in the school textbooks. Children in China are brought up with the educa-tion of filial devotion.On special days, people often use roses or forget-me-nots to express love. Carnations are considered as the per-fect flowers for mothers around the world, but few know that China has its own flower for mothers—the tiger lily.Love for mothers can have different ways of expression. What matters most is love, not the festival itself. What mothers truly want is perhaps just a simple expression of love from their children.
1.When did Mother’s Day spread to China?A.In the 1920s.B.In the 1980s.C.In the Western Han dynasty.D.In the Tang dynasty.2.What is the poem of “Song of the Parting Son”mainly about?A.The filial virtue of Emperor Wen.B.Caring for the old.C.Traditional Chinese medicine.D.A mother’s love for her son.
3.Mother’s Day is popular in China mainly because of　　    .A.its wide spread in many countriesB.our ancient stories of respecting parentsC.our traditional cultural valuesD.its simple way of expressing love4.What is regarded as the Chinese own flower for a mother? 
5.What a mother truly wants on Mother’s Day may be　　    .A.a big dinner　　B.a celebration partyC.greetings of the festival　　D.expensive presents
答案语篇解读母亲节这个来自海外的节日为何会受到中国人的广泛接受呢?其实中国的传统文化一直都鼓励人们弘扬孝道。“为母尝药”的故事和孟郊所作古诗《游子吟》都是有力的证明。1.B    细节理解题。由第二段第二句“The festival spread to China as early as the 1980s... ”可知,母亲节是在20世纪80年代传入中国的。故选B。2.D    细节理解题。由第三段第八句“Also, mother love is a repeated subject in ancient Chinese poems...”可知《游子吟》描写的是一位妈妈对儿子的爱,故选D。3.C    细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In fact, traditional Chinese culture has always encouraged filial de-votion to parents.”可知,母亲节在中国的流行是因为中国传统文化中的孝道,故选C。
4.D    细节理解题。从第四段中的“but few know that China has its own flower for mothers—the tiger lily.”可知答案为D。5.C    细节理解题。从文章最后一句“What mothers truly want is perhaps just a simple expression of love from their children.”可知答案为C。
试题评析　本篇文章选题很好,既介绍了外来的节日——母亲节,又融入了中国自己的传统文化:中国古代孝道故事“为母尝药”和古诗《游子吟》,提高了考生的文化认同感和自豪感,同时让考生充当中国文化的小使者,让更多的国际友人感受到中国文化淳厚的底蕴。
长难句For example, the story of “Taste Liquid Medicine for Mother”tells us the filial virtue of Emperor Wen of the Western Han dynasty.例如:“为母尝药”的故事告诉我们西汉时期文帝的尽孝美德。本句是一个简单句,但用“of...”结构的定语颇多,以致句型偏长,对学生来说新单词也很多,因此翻译上存在难度。
重点词汇　spread v.传播;repeated adj.重复的;poem n.古诗,诗歌;special adj.特别的;world n.世界
Passage 13(2017福建,A) 
1.The text is mainly about how to 　　    .A.be a careful driver　　B.buy MTR ticketsC.be a good passenger　　D.keep safe at home2.People who will get on the train should 　　    .A.wait in line　　B.open the doorC.ask for help　　D.leave the seats3.When you hear a “beep”sound, 　　    .A.close the doorB.rush onto the trainC.get off the train at onceD.stop and wait for the next train
4.Which picture shows the good behavior on the train according to the text?5.The text is probably a 　　    .A.report　　B.notice　　C.diary　　D.poem
答案语篇解读本文为乘坐香港地铁的安全守则,守则包括在车站候车和在列车上的注意事项。1.C    主旨大意题。本文为乘坐香港地铁的安全守则,两部分内容围绕着如何安全文明候车、乘车展开的,故本题应选择C。2.A    细节理解题。由文中的“Line up on the platform and wait for the train.”可知选择A, wait in line意为“排队等候”。3.D    细节理解题。由文中的“When you hear a ’beep’ sound...Wait for another train.”可知选择D。4.D    细节理解题。第一幅图的内容为在地铁上跑,第二幅图的内容为在地铁上喝东西。由On the train中的“Do not eat or drink on the train.”和“Do not run on the train.”可知选项A和B不正确。第三幅图的内容为服务人员在打扫卫生,和题意不符,故排除。第四幅图的内容为一个乘客在给老年人让座,根据文中的“Give up your seat to old men or women”可知选择D。5.B    推理判断题。report意为“报告,报道”;notice意为“布告,通知”;diary意为“日记”;poem意为“诗”。本文为乘坐香港地铁的安全守则,重点介绍的是如何安全文明候车、乘车,由此可推断本题选择B。
Passage 14(2017福建,B)　　I was traveling alone through the UK. To reach places that were off the public transportation map, I bought an old car, which cost most of my money. I couldn’t afford to stay in the hotel, so I had to camp in my car for the rest of the trip.One morning I awoke in my old car on a country road in Ireland and saw a single house. The water in my ther-mos(保温瓶)had gone cold, so I knocked on the door of the house. A woman opened it. I asked her for some hot water. But she wouldn’t let me get away with just that!I was invited indoors. She asked me to sit at the table and have breakfast with her family. They filled my thermos before I left.I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on. The other day I met a young man who had been driving around to look for a parking lot. He looked increasingly upset. I was glad that I was able to point one out to him. His thankful smile was the hugest reward(奖赏)for me.
1.The writer bought the car in order to 　　    .A.serve the public　　B.travel more easilyC.take the trip alone　　D.save more money2.Why did the writer camp in his car?A.He was short of money.　　B.It was his habit.C.He could have a better rest.　　D.It would be warmer.3.The writer asked the woman for 　　    .A.a map　　B.a thermosC.some hot water　　D.a light breakfast
4.How did the young man feel at last?A.Funny.　　B.Upset.C.Disappointed.　　D.Thankful.5.What’s the main idea of the text?A.Traveling alone is interesting.B.Sharing food is a pleasure.C.Kindness is the sunshine in life.D.Smile is important to everybody.
答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,主要叙述了作者独自一人穿越英国旅行期间,在他面临困难时得到了一位女士无私的帮助,这让他十分感动,于是他决定将这份善行传递下去。后来他就帮助了一个因找不到车位而心烦意乱的年轻人,而作者也从年轻人感激的眼神中收获了快乐。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段中的“To reach places that were off the public transportation map...money.”可知作者买辆旧车是为了到达一些公共交通系统到不了的地方,如下文中提到的“country road”,这些地方不通公交车或火车,如果他不买辆车那么他就只能步行了,故本题选择B。2.A    细节理解题。由第一段中的“...I bought an old...the rest of the trip.”可知作者由于买车花掉了大部分的钱而住不起旅店了,故本题选择A,short of money意为“缺钱”。
3.C    细节理解题。由第二段中的“I asked her for some hot water.”可知选择C。4.D    推理判断题。由最后一段中的最后一句话“His thankful smile was the hugest reward for me.”可知,这个年轻人最后很感激我帮了他,故本题选择D。5.C    主旨大意题。由最后一段中的“I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on.”可知我被那位女士深深地感动后决定去传递这种善行,而在我帮了那个年轻人后他感激的微笑是对我最大的奖赏。由此可知本题选择C。
Passage 15(2017福建,C)　　No one knows when the first kite was made. The first record of a kite was more than 2,000 years ago in China. Han Xin, the leader of an army, wanted to bring down a king. He decided to dig a tunnel(隧道)into the king’s palace. He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length(长度)of its string(线). In this way, he could determine how long the tunnel should be. His men in the tunnel took the kite string with them. When they reached the end of the string, they knew to dig up.Kites have been flown in Japan for hundreds of years. In the 1700s, kites were flown in autumn to give thanks for a good harvest. They were also flown to send good wishes to couples who had their first son. Today in Japan, kites are often flown as part of a celebration, such as the beginning of a new year. And kite festivals are held each year in many parts of the country.Kites have been used for scientific purposes in the western world. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin tied a key to a
kite and flew it in a storm to find out that lightning was a form of electricity. In the 1890s, Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight. From 1898 until 1933, the United States Weather Bureau(气象局)used box kites to collect weather data. The Wright brothers also experimented(试验)with kites. What they learnt helped them make the first airplane flight in 1903.1.Why did Han Xin want to dig a tunnel?A.To pull down the palace.B.To fight against the king.C.To search for the king’s treasure.D.To find out the length of the kite string.
2.What does the underlined word“determine”in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese?A.测定　　B.选择　　C.了解　　D.考察3.One of the purposes of flying kites in Japan is 　　    .A.to give thanks for a good harvest in summerB.to express good wishes to the first-born daughterC.to celebrate the beginning of a new yearD.to hold kite festivals all over the country4.When did the United States Weather Bureau begin to use box kites?A.In 1752.　　B.In 1898. C.In 1903.　　D.In 1933.5.What would be the best title for the text?A.The History of Kites B.The Experiments of KitesC.The Invention of a Kite D.The First Record of a Kite
答案语篇解读你知道世界上第一个风筝是什么时候被制作出来的吗?你知道多年以来人们都用风筝做了哪些事情吗?本文主要介绍了风筝的历史。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段中的“Han Xin, the leader of an army, wanted to bring down a king...the king’s palace.”可知韩信挖隧道的目的是击败这个国王,故本题选择B,fight against意为“与……作斗争”。2.A    词义猜测题。由上文的“He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length of its string.”可知韩信把风筝放过宫殿的城墙的目的是确定风筝线的长度。用这种方法,他也就测定了隧道应该有多长,由此可知本题选择A。
3.C    细节理解题。由第二段中的“Today in Japan...such as the beginning of a new year.”可知本题选择C。4.B    细节理解题。由第三段中的“From 1898 until 1933...to collect weather data.”可知美国气象局从1898年到1933年用箱形风筝收集天气数据,故本题选择B。5.A    主旨大意题。由本文各段按时间顺序描述风筝在中国、日本、美国的出现、发展、作用等可知本文在讲述风筝的历史,故本题选择A。
Passage 16(2017福建,D)
　　On May 5, 2017, China’s home-made passenger aircraft(飞机)C919 completed its 90-minute first flight and landed safely back at Pudong Airport in Shanghai.C919 is developed by COMAC, a Chinese aircraft company. It is designed to compete with Boeing 737 and Airbus A320. The first C919 aircraft can carry 168 passengers and is able to fly a distance between 4,075 and 5,
555 kilometers. It’s reported that a C919 costs around 50 million dollars, less than half of a Boeing 737 or an Airbus A320. Up to now, more than 570 aircrafts have been ordered from 23 customers, mostly Chinese, but al-so American and Thai companies or airlines. COMAC aims to take one fifth of the world’s narrow-body air-craft market and one third of the Chinese market by 2035.The name C919 has its special meanings. The letter C stands for both“COMAC”and“China”. The number 9 is pronounced as jiu in Chinese, which means“forever”. And the number 19 refers to its capacity(容量) of 190 passengers.The large passenger aircraft is praised as“the flower of modern industry”. It is a symbol of the nation’s in-dustrial and technological standards as well as the comprehensive(综合的)power. In order to realize the century dream of flying in the sky and the strategy(战略)of the nation, COMAC bears the nation’s dream and peo-ple’s trust. China considers it as a national pride.
1.C919 is produced by 　　    .A.BoeingB.a Thai aircraft companyC.AirbusD.a Chinese aircraft company2.Which of the following is TRUE about the first C919 aircraft?A.It can carry 190 passengers at most.B.It can only fly a distance of 4,075 km.C.It costs less than half of a Boeing 737.D.It costs more than half of an Airbus A320.
3.Which picture shows COMAC’s aim to take the narrow-body aircraft market by 2035? 
4.The letter C in C919 stands for 　　    .A.“company”B.both“COMAC”and “China”C.“customer”D.both“cost”and“capacity”5.The news report is written mainly to 　　    .A.introduce the design of C919B.describe the first flight of C919C.explain“the flower of modern industry”D.show China’s achievements in aircraft industry
答案语篇解读2017年5月5日,中国本土制造的飞机C919成功完成了首飞,这是我们中国的骄傲和自豪。本文重点介绍C919这架飞机的基本情况、C919这个名字的寓意以及它的优势。1.D    细节理解题。由第二段第一句话“C919 is developed by COMAC, a Chinese aircraft company.”可知本题选择D。2.C    推理判断题。由第二段中的“It’s reported...less than half of a Boeing 737 or an Airbus A320.”可知选择C。3.C    细节理解题。由第二段中的“COMAC aims to...by 2035.”可知这家公司的目标是到2035年占世界市场的五分之一,中国市场的三分之一。故本题选择C。
4.B    细节理解题。由第三段第二句“The letter C stands for both’COMAC’ and ’China’.”可知选择B。5.D    主旨大意题。由最后一段内容可知本篇新闻报道的主要目的是展示中国在飞机制造业上取得的成就,故本题选择D。
Passage 17(2016厦门,B)The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Rain (谷雨), as the last term in spring, starts on April 19 and ends on May 4. Grain Rain comes from the old saying, “Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains”, which shows that this period of rainfall is very important for the growth of crops. Here’s something that you may not know about Grain Rain.
1.When Grain Rain ends, 　　     starts. A.spring　　B.summer　　C.autumn 2.The underlined word “crops” refers to 　　    .A.plants in the field B.trees in the forestC.fishes in the sea 3.The people in southern China 　　     on the day of Grain Rain.A.drink tea　　B.eat toona sinensisC.start the first voyage
4.We can infer that “toona sinensis” must be a kind of vegetable which 　　    . A.can bring good luckB.is delicious and healthyC.grows at the seaside5.The right order of the titles from 1 to 4 should be 　　    . a.Eating toona sinensis　　b.Sandstorms happenc.The Grain Rain Festival　　d.Drinking teaA.b-a-d-c　　B.b-c-a-d　　C.b-d-a-c
答案语篇解读本文主要介绍了中国的二十四节气之一——谷雨。1.B    细节理解题。根据文中的叙述“Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of sum-mer...”可知,谷雨是在春末夏初,谷雨结束了,夏季就开始了。故选B。2.A    词义猜测题。根据文章的叙述可知,这个画线词指的是田地里的庄稼。故选A。3.A    细节理解题。根据文中的叙述“There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain.”可知,中国南方地区的人在谷雨这一天喝茶。故选A。
4.B    推理判断题。根据文中的叙述“An old Chinese saying goes’toona sinensis before the rain is as ten-der as silk’. The vegetable is good for the stomach and skin.”可知,谷雨前的香椿嫩如丝,而且对胃和皮肤好,既美味又健康。故选B。5.C    推理判断题。根据标题1下的叙述可知,这里说的是发生沙尘暴;根据标题2下的叙述可知,这里说的是喝茶;根据标题3下的叙述可知,这里说的是吃香椿;根据标题4下的叙述可知,这里说的是谷雨节。故选C。
B组　2016—2020年全国中考题组话题一　人物故事Passage 1(2020山东潍坊,C)　　Shameem was born in a small village in Pakistan. In her village, it was a tradition to keep girls inside their homes. They were not allowed to get an education.Fortunately, Shameem’s uncle, a university teacher, wanted to give her a chance to see the world. He offered Shameem a chance to attend school. So she became the only girl student in her class.However, Shameem struggled to complete her schooling. To get permission for college, she went on a three-day hunger strike(抗议). After graduating from college, Shameem got a position in a non-profit organization(非营利性组织) working to help women in rural(农村的) areas.There, she saw a Pakistan that she didn’t know. Until then, she thought she had a difficult life. But there, she saw what women in other parts of Pakistan were experiencing. Some women had 11 children, but nothing to
feed them. They would walk three hours every day to get water.Shameem found that the position was more than just a job for her. She discovered her power. By setting an ex-ample, her experience could encourage more people to understand the importance of education and send their daughters to school.Now, Shameem teaches in a rural school in her hometown. “The first day I walked into the school,” she said, “I saw all these little Shameems staring at me with dreams in their eyes, the same dream of freedom which I had in my childhood.”Today, there is not a single girl in her village who doesn’t go to school.
1.Who played an important role in sending Shameem to school?A.Her uncle.B.Her parents.C.A workmate.D.A university student.2.Why did Shameem work for a non-profit organization?A.To make much money.B.To finish her education.C.To discover her power as an example.D.To help poor women in the countryside.
3.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?A.Shameem walked three hours to get water.B.Shameem used to know her homeland well.C.Women and children were short of food.D.Women’s situation was more awful than expected.4.What’s the influence of Shameem’s effort?A.Girls have the same dream.B.No girl is allowed to attend school.C.All girls in the school are named Shameem.D.The idea of girls’ education in her village has changed.
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇记叙文。Shameem出生在巴基斯坦的一个小村子里。在她的村子里,女孩子是不允许上学的。在她叔叔的帮助下,Shameem成为班里唯一的女生。大学毕业后,她尽自己所能帮助农村的妇女。现在,她村里没有一个女孩不上学。1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,她的叔叔给她提供了上学的机会,所以是她叔叔发挥了重要的作用。故选A。2.D　细节理解题。第三段最后一句...to help women in rural areas.中动词不定式短语表目的,故选D。3.D　主旨大意题。根据第四段的内容可知,有些妇女有11个孩子但是没有东西喂养他们,取水要走三个小时,这些都说明妇女的生活状况非常差。故选D。4.D　细节理解题。根据最后一句可知,现在她村里没有一个女孩不上学。这说明,关于女孩受教育的观念发生了转变。故选D。
长难句But there, she saw what women in other parts of Pakistan were experiencing. 但在那里,她看到了巴基斯坦其他地区的妇女正在经历的事情。本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句。从句中,in other parts of Pakistan作定语,修饰主语women。
重点词汇　fortunately adv.幸运地;permission n.许可;freedom n.自由;childhood n.童年
词汇积累　struggle v.努力,艰难地行进;stare at 凝视
Passage 2(2020湖北武汉,B)Hope MattersReyes Guana, 42, grew up in a poor Mexican family.He has seven brothers and sisters.His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet.As a boy, Guana had a good relationship with the school cleaner.He called her “Nike” because she wore Nike shoes.The boy liked how Nike made everything clean.He told her he wanted to be a cleaner,too.“Well, it’s good if you want to be a cleaner,”Nike told little Guana.“But make sure you go to college.”Guana also looked up to the principal(校长)of his school.The school leader told the boy that his job was to help students and teachers.“Wow, when I grow up,I want to do what you’re doing,”Guana told him.“Well,if you stick to your dream, you will,”the principal replied.
And Guana really got there. But it was quite a long journey for him.Twenty-three years ago, he followed in Nike’s footsteps and was cleaning schools. He worked at three schools to pay for his college education.He held that job for four years and then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor.After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years.Now, as a principal,Guana never forgets where he came from.He helps students from poor families and shows respect(尊重)for every school staff member.He always invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who drive the school buses.
1.Guana hoped to be a cleaner because he　　    .A.was good at cleaningB.admired the cleaner “Nike”a lotC.needed to support his poor familyD.had to pay for his college education2.Guana became a school safety monitor　　    .A.when he was nineteenB.after he worked as a teacherC.as soon as he got enough moneyD.before he was named principal3.The underlined phrase got there is closest in meaning to　　    .A.went back to “Nike”　　B.entered a collegeC.realized one’s dream　　D.became well-known
4.According to the writer,　　    .A.Guana should have been named principal earlierB.a boy from a poor family can have a bright futureC.a cleaner is more important than a college studentD.the cleaners and the drivers should get more respect5.What would be another title for this passage?A.From Cleaner to Leader　　B.Different JobsC.From Failure to Success　　D.Relationship Works
答案语篇解读　　本文为一篇记叙文。题材为人物故事。讲述了一个来自墨西哥贫穷家庭的孩子是如何从一名清洁工成长为校长的。1.B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“The boy liked how Nike made everything...a cleaner, too.”可知,这个男孩是因为非常喜欢耐克把一切都打扫得那么干净才想成为一名清洁工的。由此可知本题选择B。2.D　细节理解题。由第四段内容可知,这个男孩的成长轨迹为“清洁工→保安队长→老师→校长”。由此可知他当保安队长是发生在他当校长之前的,由此可知本题选择D。3.C　词义猜测题。got there之后的内容主要是他成为校长之前的经历。由此推断他实现了自己的梦想,真的成了一名校长,故本题选择C。
4.B　推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是一个来自墨西哥贫穷家庭的孩子是如何一步一步实现自己的梦想的。由此可看出作者的观点是:一个来自贫穷家庭的男孩是可以有一个光明的未来的。故本题选择B。5.A　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是一个来自墨西哥贫穷家庭的孩子是如何从一名清洁工成长为校长的。由此可知本题选择A。
长难句He always invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who drive the school buses.他总是邀请每一个人来学校的聚会,包括那些擦地板的和开校车的人。本句为主从复合句,who引导定语从句,修饰先行词those。
重点词汇　grow up长大;relationship n.关系;leader n. 领导者
Passage 3(2019潍坊,B)
When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s in a special hospital for people with mental(精神的)health problems.When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to Medical School in Virginia, USA. Butwhen he was there he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctors’ white coats. He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients, and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams very much because he was too different.
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “the Gesund-heit Institute”, together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people.Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film (called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said,“Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s a friend. I enjoyed playing him.”
1.What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor?A.His interest in medicine.B.His idea of opening a hospital.C.His early experience as a teenager.D.His love for the lonely children around.2.How was Hunter different from other doctors?A.He was famous before working in hospital.B.He liked to wear shirts with flowers on them every day.C.He treated his patients as friends in every way possible.D.He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill.
3.What does the underlined word “clown” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.木偶　　B.小丑　　C.外星人　　D.蜘蛛侠4.What can we know from Robin Williams’ words?A.He thought highly of Hunter.B.Every doctor needs a patient friend.C.He became a warm person ever after.D.A good actor makes a successful film.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。Hunter青少年时期在医院度过了很多年,他离开医院后,就决定要成为一名医生。他与其他的医生不同,他真正关心他的病人,受到人们的喜爱。1998年,他的故事被搬上大荧幕。1.C    推理判断题。根据第一段可知,他青少年时期遭受了病痛,由此判断这是他想成为一名医生的原因。故选C。2.C　推理判断题。第二段第二句中“he did things in a different way”为本题关键部分,答案就在本句之后。根据后面的内容推断出,他把病人当成是朋友而不仅仅是病人。故选C。3.B　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,他经常弄一个红鼻子,看起来像一个小丑,去逗小孩儿开心。故选B。4.A　推理判断题。他的话在最后一句,他说Hunter是一个温暖的人,Hunter相信病人需要的是朋友式的医生。这是对Hunter的赞扬,由此可判断他对Hunter评价很高。故选A。
长难句 Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s a friend.Hunter是一个非常温暖的人,他认为病人需要一个朋友一样的医生。本句为主从复合句。句子主干:Hunter is a really warm person, who引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句中包含一个由that引导的宾语从句,宾语从句中who又引导定语从句修饰先行词a doctor。
重点词汇　prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事　patient n.病人　make sb.do sth.使某人做某事
词汇积累　clown n.小丑　institute n.机构
Passage 4(2016河北,A)Let me tell you about a young boy who made a model car all on his own. The boy is me, six years ago when I was just 11. The car was small and simple, but in my imagination it was a high-speed racing car, speeding along the race road.It was during the school summer holidays and workmen were building a new driveway and garage(车库) beside our house. It meant to add something new to our home. When I watched the workmen, I came up with an idea—I would build a car to drive into the garage in celebration of it. I told my mother and began with my plans. But I couldn’t find the right things for making the car, so I gave up and sadly spent several days doing noth-ing. My mother noticed that I had stopped working and asked me why. I explained and she suggested that maybe I should change my plan to fit the things I had, rather than give up.And that’s just what I did. I found small pieces of wood in my father’s workshop and made my car from any
-thing that was lying around the house. When I found a small engine(发动机) from one of my old model planes, I added that. The power came from a battery (电池) I found in a box.By the time the garage was finished, so was my car. I called my family together outside the house, started the engine and put the car on the driveway. It was fast and I had to run to the garage to prevent it from hitting the new door. My family began to cheer and I smiled proudly. Thanks to my mother I learned the value of continu-ing to do things, especially something difficult. Soon I was making plans for my next project: a robot!1.The writer was 　　     when he made the model car.A.a student　　B.a driverC.a workman　　D.an engineer
2.The writer　　     making the first planned car.A.gave up　　B.felt excited aboutC.was very busy　　D.spent several days3.To help the writer, his mother　　    .A.explained the plan to himB.brought him to the workshopC.gave him some suggestionsD.found him some pieces of wood
4.By the time the car was finished,　　    .A.the writer thanked his fatherB.the family was called togetherC.the writer put it into the houseD.the family began a new project5.What did the writer mainly tell us?A.Keep on doing things to the end.B.Think hard before doing something.C.Always ask for help when in trouble.D.Try the best to find the right things to do.
答案语篇解读本文讲述了作者11岁时,在妈妈的建议和鼓励下,克服困难坚持独立完成一个汽车模型的故事。1.A    细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The boy is me,six years ago when I was just 11.”以及第二段中的“It was during the school summer holidays”可知当作者制作汽车模型时,他是一名学生。故答案选A。2.A    细节理解题。由文章第二段中“But I couldn’t find the right things for making the car,so I gave up and sadly spent several days doing nothing.” 可知答案选A。3.C    细节理解题。由文章第二段中“I explained and she suggested that maybe I should change my plan to fit the things I had,rather than give up.”可知答案选C。4.B    细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“By the time the garage was finished, so was my car. I called my family together outside the house, started the engine and put the car on the driveway.”可知答案选B。5.A    推理判断题。通过对文章的理解和最后一段中“Thanks to my mother I learned the value of continu-ing to do things,especially something difficult.”可知答案选A。
话题二　人与自然Passage 1(2020广东,B)　　Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred.Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by hu-mans.To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result,the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland.However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three
elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP.Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local peo-ple that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local peo-ple have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world.1.MEP was started to　　　    .A.raise more elephants in MaliB.stop the main lake from drying upC.discover water source for elephantsD.protect the elephants’ living environment
2.What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?A.公平的　　B.亏损的　　C.非法的　　D.合理的3.Eighty-three elephants were lost　　　    .A.in 2012　　B.in 2015C.in 2016　　D.in 20204.We can learn from the last paragraph that　　　    .A.the number of organizations has droppedB.there is much less elephant poaching nowC.the local people keep the elephants at homeD.the whole world live peacefully with elephants
5.This passage is mainly about　　　    .A.the rules of using land and waterB.the education of the local peopleC.the work of the Mali Elephant ProjectD.the situation of Gourma Desert elephants
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于人类对自然环境的破坏,以及人们的偷猎和非法贸易行为,导致马里的一种大象的数目大幅减少。为了保护大象,有关组织一起行动,教育当地人爱护大象。1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句To protect the elephants’ living environment,the Mali Elephant Project(MEP)was started in 2007.可知,MEP创立的目的是保护大象的生存环境。故选D。2.C　词义猜测题。根据并列连词and前面的关键词poaching(偷猎)可知,illegal也应该是一个具有消极意义的词。poaching属于非法行为,由此可以推测illegal意思为“非法的”。故选C。3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone可知选B。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知,更多的组织参与到保护大象的行动中,故选项A有误;文章最后一段并未提到当地人把大象圈养在家里,故选项C表述有误;选项D讲的是全世界都与大象和平相处,而本文仅仅涉及当地人,因此表述也有错误;根据最后一段第三句Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level.可知,现在偷猎大象的行为变少了。故选B。5.D　主旨大意题。文章第一段指出大象的数量在减少,第二段说明大象数量减少的原因,接下去文章就如何保护大象展开。整篇文章都是围绕大象的处境来写的。故选D。
长难句    On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.另一方面,大象赖以生存的土地被人类过度使用。本句是一个主从复合句,关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词the land。
Passage 2(2020天津,C)　　People depend on plants. We use plants for food, cloth, shelter(住处), and even the air we breathe(呼吸).Plants keep our air and water clean. Green plants give us oxygen(氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.Plants are also part of the water cycle(水循环). Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.Plants give us a lot of the food on the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains(谷物)come from plants. Without plants, we would not have bread, rice, carrots, apples, oranges, or bananas!Many people are growing plants to eat in their own gardens at home. Having your own garden helps the earth as well.When you grow your own fruits and vegetables, you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don’t need to take your food to shops. You also help reduce the amount of rubbish because you don’t need to use bags for packing your food. You can just pick it out of the ground or off a plant and put it into a basket!
Trees are an important plant resource(资源). Trees provide wood to build homes and furniture. Trees are used to make lots of things around your home and at your school. And trees provide fruits that are good for you. Without trees, the earth would be a very different place.1.　　    is part of the air we breathe.A.Sunlight　　B.Water　　C.Food　　D.Oxygen2.What happens to most of the water that a plant takes in?A.It goes back into the air.B.It stays in the plant.C.It goes into the ground.D.It stays in the river.
3.What does the phrase“cut down on”mean in Paragraph 5?A.Cause.　　B.Accept.　　C.Reduce.　　D.Expect.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.A Different Place　　B.The Uses of PlantsC.Food on the Earth　　D.Gardens at Home5.You would find the passage in　　    .A.an interesting novel　　B.a book about animalsC.a popular play　　D.a book about nature
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了植物对人类的重要性。植物可以为人类提供食物、氧气、木材等,也可以减少空气污染。1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.(氧气是我们呼吸的空气的一部分。)”可知答案为D项。2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.(植物吸入的大部分水会回到空气中。)”可知答案为A项。
3.C　词义猜测题。由第五段中的“When you grow your own fruits and vegetables,you help cut down on pollution”和“You also help reduce”可知,cut down on意思是“减少”,故答案为C项。cause导致;accept接受;reduce减少;expect期望,期待。4.B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了植物对人类的重要性。植物可以为人类提供食物、氧气、木材等,也可以减少空气污染。故答案为B项。5.D　推理判断题。本文讲述的是植物对人类的重要性,是有关大自然的问题,所以我们有可能会在一本有关自然的书中发现这篇文章。故答案为D项。
长难句    Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.植物吸入的大部分水会回到空气中。本句是一个主从复合句。that a plant takes in是一个由that引导的定语从句,先行词是water。
　　Wild beavers(河狸) are back! Experts say that the wild beaver families are doing well. The beavers are even boosting wildlife and the environment!Over ten years ago, a family of beavers turned up in a part of the River Otter, in Devon. No one knew exactly where they came from. It was a big surprise—wild beavers hadn’t lived in England for around 400 years!In 2015, the government allowed the beavers to stay there as part of a trial(试验). They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild. The trial ends in February. Some scientists from the University of Exeter already say the beavers help the wildlife in the area. One scientist called it “an amazing story”.
Passage 3(2020山东青岛,B) 
A lot of this is because of dams. Beavers build dams along the river. This creates deep pools in the riverbed and slows the water down. Scientists say this is perfect for many different types of plants and animals!Many plants are growing near the beavers. Different types of animals are also becoming more and more in the river. Beavers also help make flooding less, scientists say. The beavers’ dams slow down the speed of the river, especially af-ter heavy rain.There are, however, some problems. Beavers gnaw(咬,啃)on trees and this can harm them. Their dams can also sometimes create floods(洪水)on people’s land.Beavers aren’t the only animals that are being reintroduced to the wild!In 2019,red squirrels were brought back to an area of the Scottish Highlands. Further away, the world’s rarest(最罕见的) duck, the Madagascar pochard,is making a comeback. It was set free into the wild on the African island in 2019 and is doing well.Who knows what other animals might be making a comeback?
1.Which of the following best explains “boosting” in paragraph 1?A.building　　B.spreading　    C.helping　　D.creating2.Why did the government want a trial first? Because they wanted to 　　    .A.grow more plants along the riverB.build dams for the beavers in the wildC.introduce the beavers to the wildD.see if the beavers could be reintroduced to the wild
3.What are the good things about wild beavers living on the River Otter?A.They help plants grow and make flooding less.B.They bring heavy rain and floods.C.They gnaw on trees and harm them.D.Their dams create floods on people’s land.4.How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the news story which have been reintroduced to the wild?A.One.　　B.Two.　　C.Three.　　D.Four.5.How do you think animal lovers feel about the news?A.Embarrassed.　　B.Pleased.C.Tired.　　D.Disappointed.
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇新闻报道。十多年前,一群河狸出现在德文郡。这是一个巨大的惊喜,因为野生河狸已经有大约400年没有在英格兰生活了!2015年,政府开始试验,看这些动物能否被放归大自然。事实证明,它们有助于野生动植物的发展。1.C　词义猜测题。从第三段倒数第二句科学家说“the beavers help the wildlife in the area”,可以推断这里的boosting有帮助的意思。故选C。2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild.”可知,应选D。
3.A　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Many plants are growing near the beavers.”和“Beavers also help make flooding less”可知应选A。4.C　细节理解题。除了河狸,文章最后一段又提到了red squirrels和the Madagascar pochard,一共提到了三种被放归大自然的动物,故选C。5.B　推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,许多野生动物被放归大自然,因此推断动物爱好者应该感到高兴。故选B。
长难句Beavers aren’t the only animals that are being reintroduced to the wild! 河狸并不是唯一正在被放归自然的动物!本句为主从复合句。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词animals。从句中用了现在进行时的被动语态。
重点词汇　wildlife n.野生动植物;create v.创造;flooding n.水灾;set free 释放
词汇积累　turn up 出现;reintroduce v.将……放归自然栖息地;comeback n.复出,重返
Passage 4(2019河南,C)　　Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The U-nited Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.
Some people would like to change things, however!Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to be-come more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been plan
ted and there are plans for more—but wild animals?Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even hu-mans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people en-joy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain’s forests—but soon there might be!　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?A.About 25 million.B.Over 65 million.C.More than 61 million.D.Not more than four million.
2.Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?A.Because more trees have been planted.B.Because there are more large wild animals.C.Because pollution is much worse than before.D.Because people use new methods of farming.3.Which paragraph gives opinions from “rewilding”supporters?A.Paragraph 1.　　B.Paragraph 2.C.Paragraph 3.　　D.Paragraph 4.
4.What are some people against?A.Living closer to nature.B.Planting more and more trees.C.Helping large wild animals return.D.Building more villages and towns.5.What’s the best title for the text?A.Making Britain wild againB.A trip to wild BritainC.An introduction to BritainD.Protecting the environment
答案语篇解读一些机构和作家认为英国需要再次回归自然,也有些人持反对意见,他们担心狼会袭击羊或人类。1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的There were less than four million people.可知,答案为D项。2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第四句中的new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before可知,答案为D项。3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段尤其是该段的最后一句 They call this“rewilding”.可知,答案为C项。4.C　推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的but wild animals?...but soon there might be!可推出答案为C项。5.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知A项最符合文章大意且最全面,故答案为A项。
长难句They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again.他们建议,在英国城镇和城市被建造之前生长的树和植物应该被允许再次生长。这是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句。第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词trees and plants。before 引导时间状语从句。
重点词汇　wooden木制的;be covered with被……覆盖;wild adj.野生的
Passage 5(2019湖北武汉,B)You don’t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he’s inviting bikers to join him.Daan Roosgaarde, 38, is a designer from Holland. He uses creative ideas to improve city life. For his Smog(雾霾)Free Project, he designed a special tower that cleans air in Chinese parks. In Holland, he designed a shining bicycle path.Now Daan and his team are working with engineers at Chinese bike-sharing company ofo to create a new prod-uct for public use. It’s an air-cleaning machine connected to a bicycle and is part of the Smog Free Project. In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker’s face.
It’s no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China. In winter, it’s common for thick clouds of haze(霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions(排放物), to cover areas of China.In 2016, only one-fourth of Chinese cities met the country’s air quality standards, according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection.“Of course one tower and a few bikes won’t solve China’s air pollution problem,”Daan said. “But smog-free bikes are an exciting idea that will hopefully inspire communities to create greener cities.”1.According to the writer,　　    .A.air pollution is not a big problem in ChinaB.creative ideas may help improve city lifeC.only scientists can solve big environmental problemsD.the survey of 338 cities nationwide was not necessary
2.The air-cleaning machine offers clean air to the biker by 　　    .A.blowing out dirty airB.running fast with the bikeC.cleaning the air around the bikerD.breathing in dirty air and cleaning it3.From the passage, we know that 　　    .A.people who have creative ideas can get free bikesB.only smog-free bikes can go on the shining bicycle pathC.Daan and his family spent all their time improving China’s air qualityD.China’s haze in winter happens because of more than three causes
4.Daan is inviting bikers to join him in order to 　　    .A.raise money for the towerB.test his new machineC.help solve the air pollution problemD.make more Chinese friends5.What is the best title for the passage?A.Breathing In and OutB.Biking for Fresh AirC.Survey from the GovernmentD.China’s Air Pollution Problem
答案语篇解读解决环境污染问题的不一定是科学家。荷兰的设计者采用将空气净化器与自行车相结合的方法来净化空气。这一设计中的空气净化器在吸入雾霾后为骑行者释放清洁空气。1.B　细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句可知,“他使用创意改善城市生活”, 故本题选择B。2.D　细节理解题。第三段最后一句话告诉我们:这种空气净化器可以吸入自行车前方的脏空气,净化之后,再把干净空气吹回到骑自行车的人的脸上,故本题选择D。3.D    细节理解题。第四段最后一句告诉我们:在中国的冬天,引起雾霾天气的原因主要是工厂生产、燃烧煤炭和汽车尾气排放,所以不仅仅是这三个原因, 故本题选择D。4.C　推理判断题。文章第一段告诉我们Daan邀请这些骑行人参加到他的创意活动中去,是为了帮助解决空气污染问题, 故本题选择C。5.B　主旨大意题。通观全文,文章介绍了一种创新的做法——用除霾自行车来得到新鲜空气,所以应该选B项。
Passage 6(2019重庆,E)Imagine a world with no more wild animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them.Being among wild animals—feeding them and caring for them—is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does!Soechting is the human “mother” to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas. On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world. Soechting says she loves them all. However, two reticulated giraffes(网纹长颈鹿)take up a special place in her heart. Their population in the wild has be-come smaller by 80% in the last 15 years.“I’m so glad to get help from five wildlife researchers that took gi-raffes up to a higher level. All our hard work helps protect giraffes living in the wild.”
Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes, where she teaches school children about the animals.Soechting also opens the farm to the public. Visitors not only learn about the animals, they can also get close to them. And the animals are not against that. For them, people are part of their natural environment.The farm is part conservation(保护)area, part educational center and part animal park. As the animals walk peacefully around the grounds, it is easy for them to forget that San Antonio, a busy city, is just a few minutes away.
1.“Soechting is the human ’mother’ to the 500 animals”shows 　　    .A.she has already married and has some childrenB.the animals on the farm are taken good care ofC.the animals can get along well with each otherD.she teaches school children about animals well2.The structure of the passage may be 　　    . 
3.According to the passage, Soechting is　　    .A.confident but lazy　　B.humorous and lovelyC.wise but careless　　D.kind and hard-working4.The best title of the passage may be “　　    ”.A.How to Save Wild AnimalsB.Soechting and Her Wild AnimalsC.Two Reticulated GiraffesD.A World Without Wild Animals
答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。文章通过Tiffany Soechting与野生动物之间的故事告诉我们:人类应该保护野生动物并与野生动物和谐相处。1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知,她非常尽心地照顾着农场上的所有动物,所以才被称为500只动物的人类母亲,故本题选B。2.D　推理判断题。按照文章的结构,第一、二段介绍Tiffany Soechting:她是一个如此热爱野生动物以至于想用生命去呵护它们的人。文章第三、四、五段说明她是如何照顾动物、教小学生关于动物的知识以及通过开放农场让人们和动物进行亲密接触的。第六段介绍她的农场既是保护区,又是教育中心,还是动物公园,是一个可以给人带来愉悦的地方,虽然它距离繁忙的城市只有几分钟路程。由此可知文章应分成三个部分:第一、二段为一部分;第三、四、五段为第二部分;第六段为第三部分,故本题选D。3.D　推理判断题。根据文章第二、三、四段可知,她是一个心地善良、努力工作的人。4.B　主旨大意题。全文围绕Soechting和她的野生动物们展开,所以题目应该选B。
长难句Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes,where she teaches school children about the animals.除了照顾她的动物,Soechting还举办每月一次的课程。在这些课上,她教给小学生有关动物的知识。本句话是一个主从复合句。句中where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词monthly classes。
重点词汇　imagine v.想象　protect v.保护　get close to靠近　educational center 教育中心
Passage 7(2019安徽,D)The world uses about a thousand million(百万)tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into o-ceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination business-es come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They pro-cess(加工)more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.1.How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?A.Under 10 million.　　B.Only 19 million.C.About 92 million.　　D.Over 700 million.2.Treating wastewater helps the environment by 　　    .A.storing waste in ice and snowB.letting waste run into oceansC.keeping waste out of rivers and oceansD.sending waste to coastal countries
3.What does the underlined word“desalination”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.远洋运输　　B.潮汐发电C.食盐销售　　D.海水淡化4.At present, the technology to process water 　　    .A.needs much energy　　B.saves much moneyC.satisfies everyone　　D.causes pollution5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Water should be a human right.B.The water problem is still serious.C.Our planet is covered with water.D.Everyone has enough clean water.
答案语篇解读本文主要讲述淡水资源短缺问题。整个世界每天需要10亿吨水,但是7亿人难以获得清洁水。污水处理和海水淡化都可以帮助解决淡水资源短缺问题,只是后者成本太高。1.D　根据第一段中“more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water”可知选D。2.C　根据第二段第二句“And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans.”可知选C。3.D　根据下文中的“They process more than 92 million tons of water”可知,此处指海水淡化企业兴起,故选D。
4.A　根据第三段最后一句“But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.”可知选A。5.B　根据最后一段最后一句“But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.”可知,淡水资源短缺问题仍很严重,故选B。
话题三　调查发现Passage 1(2019潍坊,C)
A recent study from a team of South Korean researchers suggests that eating alone often may lead to poor eating habits and poor food choices. Specifically, the study found that men who ate alone more than twice a week had a greater risk of developing high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.For children, eating with their families is not only about preventing bad outcomes(结果)—it is also about de-veloping good ones.In 2014, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) looked at data from nearly three-quarters of the world’s countries. Among its findings was the fact that students who shared a main meal with their families were less likely to skip school. Children who eat a main meal with their families are also less like-ly to abuse drugs and alcohol(吸毒酗酒).
In the report, titled “The Importance of Family Dinners(Ⅷ)”, researchers say that “teens who have frequent family dinners are more likely to say their parents know a lot about what’s going on in their lives”. They also claim that when teens say they feel closer to their parents, they are less likely to use drugs and alcohol.Another study from the University of Montreal found that children who ate with their families experience long-term physical and mental health benefits(好处). These children were physically in better shape and drank fewer sugary soft drinks. These children also seemed to have better social skills and they were less aggressive(好斗的).Professor Linda Pagani says that mealtimes shared with parents“likely provide young children with first-hand social interactions, discussions of social issues(事件)and day-to-day concerns”. She adds that they may likely help the child have better communication skills with others.
1.What can be the best title for the text?A.Benefits of eating together.B.Advantages of eating alone.C.Ways of developing social skills.D.Risks of using drugs and alcohol.2.Children eating with their families are more likely to 　　    .A.drink more sugary soft drinksB.do well in their studies at schoolC.be more socially active and aggressiveD.have a closer relationship with their parents
3.Why is Professor Pagani mentioned in the last paragraph?A.To introduce her.B.To add a new point.C.To explain further.D.To provide background information.4.From which is the text probably taken?A.A travel guide.　    B.A biology textbook.C.A cooking instruction.　    D.A science magazine.
答案语篇解读根据韩国调查人员的研究显示,独自吃饭会导致坏的饮食习惯,孩子如果能和家人一起吃饭,将会有许多的好处,比如形成更亲密的关系等。1.A　主旨大意题。本文主要讲与家人一起吃饭的好处,题目应该与此相关,故选A。2.D　细节理解题。由第四段的最后一句话“They also claim that...to their parents...”可知经常和家人吃饭的孩子与父母之间的关系更亲密,由此可知本题选择D。3.C　推理判断题。最后一段提到她并且引用了她说的话,都是对前面观点的进一步解释,故选C。4.D　推理判断题。本文介绍了一项研究的结果,应该属于科学杂志刊登的内容,故选D。
长难句A recent study from a team of South Korean researchers suggests that eating alone often may lead to poor eat-ing habits and poor food choices.韩国一组研究人员最近的一项研究表明,独自吃饭往往会导致不良的饮食习惯和不良的食物选择。这是一个主从复合句,that引导宾语从句,从句中动名词短语eating alone作主语。
Passage 2(2019广西北部湾经济区,D)　　Are you afraid of going to the dentist(牙医)? If so, you’re not alone.These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at the University of Manchester in the UK, the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries(牙科手术). In fact, among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.Could it be the sound of the drill(钻头)then?“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don’t have any pain,”Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told The Guardian.To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and
high-fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing(听觉处理), which means, for these people, the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds.In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated(激活)was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these vol-unteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it—they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists’ drills could help scientists find ways to make pa-tients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.
根据短文内容,选择最佳选项。1.How does the writer explain that the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries?A.By showing facts with numbers.B.By asking questions one by one.C.By giving examples group by group.D.By comparing results of patients.2.According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word “evoke” mean in Chinese?A.减轻　　B.引起　　C.显示　　D.阻止3.How did the sound of drilling produce different results to the volunteers in the study?A.It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear group.B.For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memory.C.For the high-fear group, it caused more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing.D.It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories.
4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.How the study might be useful.B.Some new ways to treat teeth.C.The proper way to treat dental patients.D.The importance of keeping our teeth healthy.5.What’s the purpose of the passage?A.To show us different areas of fear in brains.B.To introduce us a recent survey by a scientist.C.To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist.D.To make it clear that the sound of drilling is not terrible.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们找到了部分人群害怕看牙医的原因,主要分析了钻头的声音在不同的人身上的反应,从而找到减轻人们看牙医的顾虑的方法,告诉人们,看牙不疼,遇到牙科问题应尽快就医。1.A　推理判断题。题干意为:作者是如何解释在牙科手术中,疼痛并不是大多数时候都能被感觉到的?根据文中第二段的最后一句“In fact, among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.”可知,作者是通过这一组数字告诉我们他的这个观点的。故本题选A。2.B　词义猜测题。题干意为:根据文章第四段,“evoke”一词的中文意思是什么?根据文中第四段中的“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don’t have any pain”可知,作者认为,是钻孔的声音“引起”了牙科病人的担心,而事实上并不疼。其他选项的意思都不合适。故本题选B。
3.D　细节理解题。题干意为:在研究中,钻孔的声音是如何对志愿者们产生不同的结果的?根据文中倒数第二段的内容可知,在“high-fear”组,大脑带有“学习、情感、记忆”等功能的这部分被激活,这就意味着这些志愿者们不仅听到了声音,而且记住了声音,他们把这种钻头的声音与过去产生的担忧联系起来,导致了“害怕”的反射。故D选项符合题意。4.A　主旨大意题。题干意为:文章的最后一段主要是关于什么?根据文中最后一段的内容可知,了解大脑如何对牙医的钻牙声做出反应,可以帮助科学家找到使病人放松的方法,因为病人总是担心,会讳疾忌医。因此,最后一段是想告诉我们,这项研究是非常有用的。故A选项符合题意。5.C　推理判断题。题干意为:这篇文章的目的是什么?根据全文内容可知,作者通过实验,寻找是什么原因引起牙科病人的恐慌,目的是找到方法让牙科病人减少去看牙医的恐惧。因此,文章的写作目的是“To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist.”,故本题选C。
重点词汇　be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事　according to根据　in fact事实上　pull out拔出来　the rea-son why...……的原因　divide...into把……分成　a number of...许多……　in the past在过去　reply to回答;回应　worry about担心;担忧　put off推迟
Passage 3(2019浙江杭州,D)If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls:there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls;and dark-colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect(影响)the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are worried too—for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of
four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I’m worried that pink will not help them with that,”she says.But not everyone thinks there’s something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn’t worried at all. “People forget that things change all the time,”he says.“My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.”Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore.“This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change,”he adds.“It’s only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink—before that it was a color for boys.”
1.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?2.The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 means 　　    .A.being soft and gentleB.being strong and powerfulC.being gentle but powerfulD.being cute and beautiful
3.According to Grayson Turner, 　　    .A.parents needn’t worry about pink toysB.all little kids love the color pinkC.pink has always been a color for girlsD.his girls now prefer the color blue4.The purpose of this passage is to 　　    .A.explain why girls are crazy about the color pinkB.make parents less worried about the color pinkC.encourage girls to give up playing with pink toysD.show people’s different opinions about the color pink
答案语篇解读这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了人们对粉色对女孩成长的影响的不同观点。1. B　文章结构题。解该题需要总结每段的段落大意:第一段提出了一个现象:女孩的玩具很多是粉色的。第二段中一些人认为太多的粉色对女孩子不利。第三段举例说明了一些家长的担心,是第二段观点的延续。第四段提出并非所有的人都为此担忧,一些家长持有相反的观点。因此选择B项。2.B　词义猜测题。画线词that所在句子及前一句意为“我想让我的女儿们强壮且有力量,但是我担心粉色不会帮助她们变成那样”,所以这里的that指的就是“强壮而有力量”,故选B项。3.A　细节理解题。最后一段Grayson Turner说他的女儿们小时候喜欢粉色,但如今长大了就不再喜欢粉色。对粉色的喜爱只是一股潮流,而潮流总是在变化。因此选A项:父母不必担心粉色玩具会给孩子们带来不利影响。4.D　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了人们对粉色的不同的观点。解答本题要结合段落大意。
长难句Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.Sue Palmer说这个年龄的女孩子不能自己做出合适的决定,但是粉色可能会影响她们将来做出的选择和决定。前后两个分句由but连接,第一个分句含有一个由that引导的宾语从句,第二个分句含有一个省略了关系代词的定语从句they will make in the future。
重点词汇　be crazy about热衷于……　powerful adj.有力量的
Passage 4(2017天津,C)　　As an English, I can speak three languages—English, German and French, so do you think the British peo-ple are very good language learners? The fact is that they aren’t.Some statistics(数据)from the survey done by the European Commission(欧盟委员会)showed that 62% of the British people only speak English. 38% speak at least one foreign language and 18% speak two or more. Com-pared with the British people, 56% of the people in other European countries speak at least one foreign lan-guage and 28% speak two or more. From this you can see that the British people are famous for not speaking foreign languages and that they are not good language learners in Europe.And the survey also showed that English is the most widely-spoken foreign language. Many European people can have a conversation in English. That’s why my people don’t think it is necessary to learn a foreign lan-guage.
In Britain, students are not required to learn a foreign language. That means learning a foreign language is only an option at school. In UK schools it is common for children to start learning a foreign language at 11 and many of them give it up at 14. So why don’t students continue learning foreign languages at school? Because they think it is more difficult to get good marks in languages than in other subjects such as science or history.To solve this situation, the British government is looking for different ways to improve language learning at school. One way is to start learning it at a much younger age. Another one is to give school children more choices.Changing the British attitude(态度)to learning foreign languages may be a hard task but the government decides to try!
1.Which country does the writer come from?A.America.　　B.China.　　C.Britain.　　D.Egypt.2.Which of the following about the British people is true?A.They are good language learners.　    B.62% of them speak two or more languages.C.They are famous for speaking foreign languages.D.More than half of them only speak English.3.According to the passage, students in Britain prefer to learn 　　    .A.science or German　　B.history or GermanC.science or history　　D.German or French
4.In Paragraph 4,“an option”means　　    .A.a choice　　B.a game　    C.a mistake　　D.a conversation5.What is the best title of the passage?A.Speaking EnglishB.Foreign Language Learning in the UKC.Schools in the UKD.Young English Learners
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。英语是一种国际通用语言,所以大多数英国人只说英语。与欧洲别的国家相比,他们不擅长学习外语。这与学校教育有关,政府意识到了这个问题,准备改变这一现状。1.C    细节理解题。由文章开头的“As an English”可知作者是英国人。2.D    推理判断题。由第二段第一句中的“62% of the British people only speak English”可知超过半数的英国人只说英语。3.C    细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Because they think it is more difficult...science or history.”可知他们认为学习科学和历史更容易得高分,因而更乐于学科学或历史。4.A    词义猜测题。前一句说“在英国,不要求学生学习一门外语”,由此可以判断出是否学外语是可以选择的。5.B    主旨大意题。文章主要在讲英国的外语学习问题,所以要抓住“外语”这一关键词。
长难句From this you can see that the British people are famous for not speaking foreign languages and that they are not good language learners in Europe.由此可见,英国人以不说外语著称并且在欧洲他们也不是好的语言学习者。本句包含两个由that引导的宾语从句,中间由and连接;they指代的是 the British people。
重点词汇　widely-spoken adj.说得广泛的;require v.要求;hard adj.难做的
Passage 5(2017云南,A)　　“Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”This is an old English saying. It means that when we go to bed early, we can get up early the next morning. Then we will become healthy. We will also become rich and clever.This is true. To keep healthy, we must have enough sleep. Experts(专家)say that adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep a night. Teenagers need nine to ten hours. And school-age children may need more than ten hours of sleep. Children who do not haveenough sleep can’t do their work very well. They won’t be wise and they may not become wealthy!We also need exercise. Walking, running, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps us strong. It also helps the blood to move around the body. This is very important. Our blood takes the nutrition(营养)from food to all parts of our body.
The head also needs blood. So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better!1.If we get up early and go to bed early, we’ll　　    .A.become weak　　B.have more timeC.be healthy　　D.have more work to do2.Who needs most hours of sleep to keep healthy?A.Adults.　　B.Teenagers.C.Experts.　　D.School-age children.3.A child　　    when he does not have enough sleep.A.can’t study well　　B.will be wiseC.will be wealthy　　D.will be active in class
4.A person needs exercise because　　    .A.he is not strong enoughB.it helps make him healthyC.he has a lot of homework to doD.it can bring him much blood5.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Exercise helps the blood to move.B.Exercise is good for a person’s head.C.If we have enough blood, we’ll be wise.D.It’s good for us to get up early and go to bed early.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们阐述了充足的睡眠以及运动的重要性。1.C    细节理解题。根据第一段可知,早睡早起身体好。2.D    细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四、五句可知选D。3.A    细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知,如果孩子没有充足的睡眠,学习效果也不会好。4.B    推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“锻炼可以使我们强壮”可知选B。5.C    推理判断题。文章倒数第二段最后三句和最后一段告诉我们运动可以帮助血液在体内流动,让血液把来自食物的营养带到全身。运动也可以把血液带到头部,可以使我们更好地思考。这并不是说,如果我们有足够的血液,我们就会很聪慧。
长难句Children who do not have enough sleep can’t do their work very well.没有充足睡眠的孩子不能很好地学习。本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句。who do not have enough sleep是定语从句,修饰先行词Children。
重点词汇　wealthy adj.富有的;saying n.谚语
话题四　历史、社会与文化Passage 1(2020河南,A)
　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.What can you learn about at The Beatles Story?A.A music group.B.A famous writer.C.The history of the city.D.The English art culture.
2.How much do they pay if a student and his parents visit Anfield stadium?A.￡24.00.　　B.￡30.00.　　C.￡33.00.　　D.￡39.00.3.How long does Liverpool Museum run daily?A.Five hours.　　B.Seven hours.C.Nine hours.　　D.Ten hours.
4.What is Liverpool ONE?A.A cinema.　　B.A restaurant.C.A music hall.　　D.A shopping centre.5.Where is the text most probably from?A.A research paper.　　B.A health magazine.C.A travel guidebook.　　D.A geography textbook.
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇应用文。文章从音乐、体育、博物馆和购物四个方面来宣传利物浦,吸引人们去利物浦旅行。1.A　细节理解题。从Liverpool MUSIC部分可以知道,在The Beatles Story可以了解披头士乐队。2.D　细节理解题。从Liverpool SPORT部分的票价信息可知,一名学生和父母共付9+15×2=39英镑。3.B　细节理解题。从Liverpool MUSEUM部分可知,利物浦博物馆每天从上午10点开放到下午5点,共7个小时。4.D　细节理解题。从Liverpool SHOPPING部分第一句可知,Liverpool ONE是利物浦的购物中心。5.C　推理判断题。文章从音乐、体育、博物馆和购物四个方面介绍了利物浦这座城市,以便吸引游客前来旅行。由此可知这可能出自旅行指南。
Passage 2(2020浙江温州,B)
The balalaika, also called“Russian guitar”, is a traditional Russian musical instrument. It has a long neck, a wooden triangle-shaped body and strings. It is usually used to play Russian music by plucking* the strings with fingers or a pick.Russians like the balalaika. The music played with it can be cheerful, as if the farmers were dancing happily to celebrate their harvest. It can also be energetic, as if the workers were working hard to make their country richer and stronger. If a Russian moves to live or work abroad, he will probably take a balalaika with him. When he feels lonely and sad, he will play it to cheer himself up.
The balalaika was originally played by the poor in Russia. At that time, balalaikas were made by the players themselves. They were rough, simple and cheap with different numbers of strings, from two to even six. Later a Russian musician Vasily Vasil’yevich Andreev(1861—1918)improved the balalaika. He created a whole fami-ly of balalaikas of different sizes, all with three strings. The smallest balalaika is called Prima. It is 60—70 cm long. The biggest, Contrabass, is almost 2 metres high with a leg to sit on the floor. Andreev founded the first balalaika orchestra* in the world, mainly using balalaikas to perform. He gave concerts at the Universal Exposi-tion in Paris in 1889, which was a great success.Today, there are balalaika groups performing around the world. More and more people get to know the balalai-ka and are attracted by its Russian style music.
1.The balalaika is a musical instrument 　　    .A.without strings　　B.with a long neckC.of a round shape　　D.with a metal body2.The music played with a balalaika is usually 　　    .A.slow and sad　　B.strong and seriousC.soft and modern　　D.cheerful and energetic3.Andreev is mentioned in Paragraph Three to introduce 　　    .A.the success of balalaika concertsB.the history of balalaika orchestrasC.his talent for playing the balalaikaD.his contributions to the balalaika
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.Balalaika:The “Russian Guitar” for the PoorB.Russia:The Home of Famous Balalaika MusiciansC.Balalaika:A Traditional Russian Musical InstrumentD.Russia:The International Hand-made Balalaika Factory
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了俄罗斯传统乐器巴拉莱卡琴。1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It has a long neck, a wooden triangle-shaped body and strings可知B项为正确答案。2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中第二句和第三句可总结出这种音乐的特点是cheerful and energetic。因此选择D项。3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中Later a Russian musician...improved the balalaika...可判断这个音乐家对这种乐器的改进和发展做出了很大的贡献。因此选择D项。4.C　主旨大意题。第一段介绍了balalaika这种乐器的外部特征和演奏方式;第二段介绍了balalaika音乐的特点;第三段介绍了balalaika的改良及发展。因此全文是围绕balalaika这种乐器展开的。故选择C项。
长难句He gave concerts at the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1889, which was a great success. 他在1889年巴黎世界博览会上举办音乐会,获得了巨大的成功。本句是主从复合句,which引导的是非限制性定语从句。
Passage 3(2020北京,C)　　There are millions of recipes (菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmothers and parents. These family recipes are a special part of our family history. Some of them have been passed down from generation(一代人) to generation.“I realized I couldn’t go home every weekend for my mom’s delicious dishes,”says Shreya, who is about to enter university. Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen, taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris.“Those special tastes can immediately unlock a whole flood of emotions, memories and feelings of family, love, and comfort,” says she.She adds, “I am looking to the day when my kids will come to know of their grandmothers through the dishesthey cooked.”
But many of us find it difficult to keep the food connection with our busy life.Even if we have time, not many of us take the effort to collect and record the recipes from our grandmothers and parents. We often get a recipe on the phone and take it down quickly on a piece of paper. We just stick it onto the fridge for a week or two and forget about it as soon as the paper disappears from there.Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes. Scrapbooks (剪贴簿)are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans,recording family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is to scan(扫描) the recipes and record the story behind each of them. It can become the most meaningful work you have ever done with and for your family.Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger. Every time you remember your loved ones,recreate one of the dishes from your collection and let the memories from the good old days comfort you. So why not gift your kids a family recipe book when they are starting a new life?
1.Why does Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen?A.To clean up the kitchen.B.To note down recipes.C.To prepare family dinners.D.To talk about family rules.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Ways to record recipes can be easy.B.Most people like writing recipe books.C.Recipes have become popular with kids.D.People often buy recipe books in the market.
3.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Family Recipes:Secrets of CookingB.Family Recipes Are at a CrossroadsC.Family Recipes:Connections to InterestsD.Family Recipes Are More than Just Recipes
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。通过介绍记录家庭菜谱的方法和意义,说明了家庭菜谱可以构建家庭纽带,传递爱与回忆。1.B　细节理解题。根据题干中的“Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen”可定位到第二段最后一句“...taking notes on how to make...”。由此可知Shreya跟着她妈妈在厨房忙碌是为了写下菜谱,故选B。2.A　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知,记录家庭菜谱的方法是简单的。由“With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier.”可知,一些应用程序的使用也让记录家庭菜谱变得简单。故选A。3.D　主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了家庭菜谱是家庭历史的一部分,有一些已经被一代一代地传承下来。第二至五段介绍了Shreya记录她的家庭菜谱的经历以及当代很多人不愿意花时间去记录家庭菜谱的现状。第六、七段说明实际上记录家庭菜谱是简单且意义重大的,它是家庭关系的纽带,传递着家庭的爱与回忆。故选D(家庭菜谱不仅仅是菜谱)。
词汇积累　pass down流传,使世代相传,at a crossroads在紧要关头,处于关键时刻
Passage 4(2018天津,C)In the 13th century, Marco Polo, the world known Italian traveller, saw many wonderful things in China. One of the things he discovered was money made of paper. People in the West did not have such kind of money until the 15th century. However, the Chinese began to use it in the 7th century.Paper was invented by a Chinese man called Cai Lun almost 2,000 years ago. But it was not made in Europe un-til the year 1100. Four hundred years later, a German discovered that he could make the best paper from trees. After that countries rich in forests, such as Canada, Sweden, America, Finland became the most important ones in paper making.Paper can be used in many ways. The common uses include newspapers, magazines and books. But do you know that paper can be used for keeping warm? In Finland, the farmers wear paper boots to keep their feet warm in the snow. And even houses can be insulated(使绝缘)from heat or cold with paper.
However, we have to understand that paper still comes from trees now. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth some day in the near future. Every day people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper in our city. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting down near-ly 48,000 trees every day. The fact is that it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow.So we must start saving paper right now. We can use both sides of every piece of paper. We can make useful things out of used paper. We can use china cups instead of paper ones. When shopping, we can use fewer paper bags and reuse them if we have some.In short, we should keep a balance(平衡) between using paper and protecting trees, and do it now before it is too late.
1.When did the Chinese begin to use paper money?A.In the 5th century.B.In the 6th century.C.In the 7th century.D.In the 15th century.2.Why did Canada become an important country in paper making?A.Because it was a large country.B.Because it had lots of forests.C.Because it was a very rich country.D.Because the inventor was from Canada.
3.In Finland, paper is used for 　　    .A.making beds　    B.reducing wasteC.making umbrellas　    D.keeping warm4.According to the passage, how many trees are needed to make one ton of paper?A.10.　　B.17.　　C.2,800.　　D.48,000.5.Paragraph 5 mainly talks about 　　    .A.how paper boots are madeB.how paper was inventedC.how we can save paperD.how we can make useful things
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,不仅介绍了造纸的历史及纸张的用途,还介绍了现今造纸会砍伐大量树木,呼吁人们节约用纸。1.C    细节理解题。题干句意:中国人是在什么时候开始使用纸币的?根据文章第一段最后一句可知答案,句子中代词it指的就是paper money。2.B　细节理解题。题干句意:为什么加拿大在造纸方面成为了一个重要国家?根据文章第二段最后一句“After that countries rich in forests, such as Canada...”可知是由于加拿大有丰富的森林资源,故选B。3.D　细节理解题。题干句意:在芬兰,纸张被用来　　    。根据第三段倒数第二句可知答案。4.B　细节理解题。题干句意:根据文章,制作一吨纸需要多少棵树?根据文章第四段倒数第三句可知答案。5.C　主旨大意题。题干句意:第五段主要讲　　    。第五段中心句即第一句“So we must start saving pa-per right now.”。再理解本段中几个“We can...”句式,即可归纳段落大意。
长难句If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth some day in the near future.如果我们继续浪费如此多的纸,那么在不久的将来的某一天世界上就不会再有树木了。本句是主从复合句,if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,if从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
重点词汇　discover v.发现;keep on doing sth.坚持做某事;throw away扔掉;cut down砍倒
词汇积累　keep a balance保持平衡
Passage 5(2019重庆,C)Cinyee Chiu, an artist from Taiwan, is always happy to try something new. Her amazing works won lots of prizes. Among them,“24 Solar Terms(节气)”is the most popular.Ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 parts according to the changes of the weather. It’s the 24 solar terms. But not everyone knows them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 solar terms in pictures to help people understand them better.Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. But these animals are not just animals. You can also find seasonal fruits, vegetables or beautiful flowers on them.When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. Also, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives on the back of the fish.
White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn. There are colorful leaves and cooler nights at this time of year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠)is often seen on the grass and trees at night. For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点)on the raccoon to show dew. And she used the dragon fruit to show the rich colors in autumn.The young artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new look.1.The writer gave 　　     examples to show Cinyee’s “24 Solar Terms”.A.two　　B.three　　C.four　　D.five2.From Paragraph 5, we know that　　    .A.a raccoon likes fishB.Start of Spring falls on about Dec. 8C.White Dew shows the end of the autumnD.Cinyee used white spots to show dew
3.According to the passage, Picture 　　     can’t be from Cinyee’s “24 Solar Terms”. 
4.The writer mainly wants to talk about 　　    .A.why Cinyee made herself knownB.who divided a year into 24 partsC.how Cinyee showed the 24 solar termsD.what Start of Spring and White Dew mean
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位来自台湾的画家Cinyee Chiu。她用动植物的和谐搭配,把中国二十四节气生动地展现在我们面前。1.A　细节理解题。文章第四段和第五段以立春和白露两个节气为例,向我们展示了她的二十四节气。2.D　细节理解题。根据第五段的倒数第二句She drew white spots on the raccoon to show dew.可知,她在浣熊身上使用白色的小圆点表示露珠,故选D。3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring.”可知,她用鱼来表达“立春”,而不是小鸟,故选D。4.C　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文作者在介绍Cinyee Chiu是怎样展示二十四节气的,故选C。
重点词汇　artist n.画家　culture n.文化
词汇积累　raccoon n.浣熊
Passage 6(2019河北,D)What are you holding in your hand while you are taking the examination?Right. A pen. Though it is small, the pen has changed the history, improved the trade of countries, recorded events, carried news, and done far more work for human beings than all other tools.Progress without it would have been almost impossible. The invention of the wheel, the introduction of the steam engine(蒸汽机), the use of electricity, all these have changed the lives of millions of people, but the pen has done more. It has taken away mountains, and it has prepared the way for all progress and development of society.In the past the pen did all the work if you wanted to keep any writing for some time. The lawyers took up their pens and wrote the law of the country from the days when papyrus(纸莎草纸)was first used. The most famous
letters in the world were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers of all time wrote down their thoughts.The pen is very utilitarian. We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.Our coming into the world is recorded with a pen. Before we have been at school, our name is written on the name list with a pen. We cannot be married till we have signed. A pen records the important events in our life.Let’s remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument which man owns. The pen is a magic tool. Whenever you use it, enjoy it.
1.What is the writer trying to do in this passage?A.Describe what a pen looks like.B.Introduce the history of the pen.C.Advise people to prepare a new pen.D.Show the importance of the pen.2.The word“mountains”in the third paragraph refers to(指代)“something to　　    ”.A.explain the use of electricityB.lower the students’ scoresC.stop social developmentD.change the law of the country
3.The lawyers started to write the law of the country　　    .A.before their thoughts were changedB.when papyrus was first usedC.as soon as they recorded their namesD.after they took an important exam4.The underlined word “utilitarian” in the passage means “　　    ”.A.cheap　　B.boringC.special　　D.useful5.What is the best title for this passage?A.A Powerful Tool　    B.An Important LawC.A Valuable Record　    D.An Exciting Event
答案语篇解读本文为说明文。在人类历史的长河中,有诸多发明。哪个发明最重要、最有用呢?答案是笔。本文重点讲了笔这个发明在我们的日常生活中所发挥的重要作用。1.D　主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知,作者主要在讲笔的重要性,故本题选择D。2.C　推理判断题。由原文第三段最后一句话的“and it has prepared the way for all progress and develop-ment of society”可推测出mountains是指阻碍社会发展的东西,故本题选择C。3.B　细节理解题。由原文第四段中的“The lawyers took...was first used.”可知本题选择B。4.D　词义猜测题。画线词后面所举的例子是关于笔的作用的,由此可猜测出画线词的意思为“有用的”,故本题选择D。5.A　主旨大意题。由原文最后一段中的powerful和tool等关键词可知本题选择A。
长难句Let’s remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument which man owns. 让我们记住我们手里握着人类拥有的最有力量的工具。本句话为主从复合句。主句为Let’s remember,宾语从句为that we hold in our hand the most powerful in-strument which man owns,其中又含有一个由which引导的定语从句。
重点词汇　record v.记录　impossible adj.不可能的　progress n.进程;进步　law n.法律
词汇积累　electricity n.电　worthless adj.无用的
LIFE is AWKWARD.What should you do when your parents are embarrassing(使尴尬) you in front of your friends? Or what if you see what looks like a classmate stealing someone else’s headphones? In our social Q’s column(专栏), the teenager Harper Ediger and the adult Philip Galances give their best advice to kids looking for help navigating real-life situations. Now it’s your turn: Do you have a question about an uncom-fortable social situation at school, at home, on social media or among friends? Email it to us at Kidsqs@njpost.com and Harper and Philip may answer it in a future issue. Please include your age and hometown. C’mon, we know you have one.To inspire(激励) you, here are reader-submitted questions we’ve published in previous issues:My mom signs me up for camps and activities without asking what I want to do. I only learn what I’m doing at the last minute. I don’t like that it’s a surprise, and I feel that I should be able to help plan my time. How can I have more of a say?
话题五　良好的人际关系和社会交往Passage 1(2020江苏南京,C)
At my school, fourth graders need to learn different dances, then dress up for a fancy party where we ask part-ners to dance with us. This makes me nervous, and I’m not looking forward to it. How should I handle this situation?My sister is home for college break, and lucky me, she’s my roommate. As I’m 12 and she’s almost 19, we both want our own space. I know she doesn’t mean it personally, but she always complains that she doesn’t have a home, which makes me feel as if I’m intruding in my own room. Do I tell her how I feel or let it go?1.What should be included in your email to the social Q’s column?A.Name, age and social media.B.Age, school and hometown.C.Age, hometown and questions.D.Name, school and questions.
2.The underlined word “say” in the passage means 　　    .A.the ability to plan timeB.the chance to set up campsC.the right to make decisionsD.the plan to enjoy activities3.The writer uses some published reader-submitted questions in order to 　　    .A.show kids ways of solving problemsB.give kids examples of what to write aboutC.share Harper and Philip’s advice with kidsD.offer kids a chance to complain about their lives
4.The social Q’s column is designed to 　　    .A.help kids deal with their troublesB.train kids to writeC.have kids introduce themselvesD.advise kids to behave well
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。很多青少年在日常生活、学校家庭、朋友关系甚至网络社交方面都会遇到各种各样的问题。社会问题专栏邀请了一位成年人和一位青少年,他们会帮助大家解答问题,给出最合理的建议。1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第五句Now it’s your turn: Do you have a question...和倒数第二句Please include your age and hometown.可知,电子邮件中应包含年龄和家乡,当然,还要提出你的问题。故选C项。2.C　词义猜测题。四个选项意思分别为:计划时间的能力;安排度假营的机会;做决定的权力;享受活动的计划。根据本段中My mom signs me up for camps and activities without asking what I want to do.及I feel that I should be able to help plan my time.可知选C项。
3.B　推理判断题。四个选项意思分别为:给孩子们展示解决问题的办法;给孩子们举例说明可以写的内容;与孩子们分享Harper和Philip的建议;给孩子们提供抱怨生活的机会。根据第二段中To inspire you可知,作者举例的目的是激励和启发读者,告诉他们可以写些什么。故选B项。4.A　主旨大意题。四个选项的意思分别为:帮助孩子们解决他们的困难;训练孩子们写作;让孩子们自我介绍;建议孩子们好好表现。根据第一段第四句In our social Q’s column, the teenager Harper Ediger and the adult Philip Galances give their best advice to kids looking for help navigating real-life situations.可知,这个专栏的设计意图是帮助孩子们解决他们在日常生活中所遇到的困难。故选A项。
长难句I know she doesn’t mean it personally, but she always complains that she doesn’t have a home, which makes me feel as if I’m intruding in my own room. 我知道她绝无冒犯之意,但是她总是抱怨她没有家,这让我觉得好像我是在侵入自己的房间一样。but连接前后分句,but后面的分句中包含一个that引导的宾语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,指代she always complains that she doesn’t have a home这件事情。as if引导表语从句,feel as if意为“感觉好像……”。
重点词汇　real-life adj.现实生活中的;social adj.社交的;look forward to 期待;personally adv.无礼地;com-plain v.抱怨
词汇积累　what if...假如……会怎么样;intrude v.侵入
Passage 2(2020河北,D)　　Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That’s why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it.For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches fire, as the Jackson place did last week, it might be burned down and people get hurt...or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire, safely. If the fire station hadn’t come so fast, the Jacksons might have lost everything.And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes and valuable things? The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains.
Think about all the other service workers we have in this community. We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary. We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And where would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, and nurses in our community hospitals?Think again about what we eat every day, think again about what we wear every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these tireless workers who keep our community running. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place.
1.What happened to the Jacksons last week?A.Their pets were lost.B.Their car was badly burnt.C.Their house caught fire.D.Their valuable things were stolen.2.Who offered help to families after the heavy rains?A.Firemen.　　B.Doctors.C.Road workers.　　D.Local police.3.What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean?A.Clean.　　B.Safe.　　C.Quiet.　　D.Busy.
4.Which question could best help us find out the writer’s purpose?A.Did the writer make us laugh?B.Did the writer want us to do something?C.Did the writer tell us about how to become a teacher?D.Did the writer teach us what to do when a fire breaks out?5.What is the best title for the passage?A.Policemen Save People’s LivesB.People Depend on Each OtherC.Service Workers Do Important JobsD.Workers Keep Community Running
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇议论文。题材为成长指导类。本文主要介绍了我们的社会中总有一些特别的人时刻准备着向需要帮助的人提供无私的帮助,并号召人们互相帮助。1.C　细节理解题。由原文第二段中的“If a home catches fire, as the Jackson place did last week, it might be burned down and people get hurt”可知,杰克逊家的房子着火了,由此可知,本题选择C项。2.D　细节理解题。由原文第三段中的“The police have helped so many families...after the heavy rains.”可知,警察在大雨之后帮助了许多家庭,由此可知本题选择D项。3.A　词义猜测题。“keep our community sanitary”与“collect waste and rubbish”并列,可推出“keep our community sanitary”的意思是“使我们的社区保持干净”,故答案为A项。
4.B　推理判断题。作者在本文最后一段倒数第二句提出“Let’s support each other and help each oth-er.”,由此可知,作者是想让我们做些事情,故本题选择B项。5.B　主旨大意题。本文为“总—分—总”结构,由第一段的第二句话“People depend on one another.”以及最后一段中的“We depend on each other.”可知本文的最佳标题为B项。
长难句We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! 我们有道路工人,他们竖立和修理交通指示牌、修补街道上的洞,不但保护我们,而且保护我们的车!who引导定语从句,先行词为 road workers,to protect not just us, but our cars作目的状语。
重点词汇　depend on依靠,信赖;community n.社区,社会;safely adv.安全地;tireless adj.不知疲倦的,精力充沛的
Passage 3(2019广西北部湾经济区,C)　　One day, a man saw an old lady sitting inside her car at the side of the road. Though it was dark, he could see she needed help. So he stopped his car and walked towards her. The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her? “I’ll help you start your car, madam. By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson,”he said.While Anderson was fitting a spare tire(备胎)to her car, the lady began to talk to him. She thanked him much for coming to help.Anderson just smiled as he put his tools away. The lady asked how much she should pay him. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off.
A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in and a waitress came over with a sweet smile. The old lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的),but she never let the pains and aches change her smile when she served her.The lady finished her meal and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change, but the old lady was gone when the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she found there was a note on the napkin(餐巾), “You don’t need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain(链子)of love end with you.”Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.
根据短文内容,选择最佳选项。1.Why did Anderson tell his name to the old lady?A.Because he wanted to check if the lady knew him.B.Because he hoped that may help relax the lady.C.Because he thought he could be paid back one day.D.Because he wanted to leave his name for doing good things.2.What does the underlined word they refer to(指的是)?A.The old lady and Anderson.B.The people who need help.C.The old lady and the waitress.D.The people who help others.
3.Which is the right order of the old lady’s feelings?①Thankful　②Happy　③Worried　④Helpless    ⑤Willing and ready to helpA.④③①⑤②　　B.④①③②⑤C.③②①⑤④　　D.③①④⑤②4.What can be inferred(推断)from the passage?A.The meal cost the old lady 400 dollars.B.Anderson must be helped by someone before.C.The old lady was able to fit a spare tire herself.D.The waitress will probably help someone later.
5.What’s the best title for the passage?A.The Help of Strangers　　B.The Power of SmileC.The Chain of Love　　D.The Bill of Kindness
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一个老妇人在自己最无助的时候,获得了别人不求回报的帮助,同时也亲自将这样的爱心传递给了怀孕的女服务员,并希望女服务员将这种爱心的传递坚持下去。1.B　推理判断题。题干意为:为什么安德森要把他的名字告诉那位老妇人?根据文中第一段中的“The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her?”可知,老妇人看到安德森靠近,非常紧张,所以安德森把自己的名字告诉她,想让她不要紧张。故本题选B。2.B　词义猜测题。题干意为:画线词they指代的是什么?根据文中第三段第三句话“He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed.”可知,这名男子的意思是,如果这位老妇人真的想要报答他,就请下次看到需要帮助的人时向“他们”提供帮助,因此“they”指的是“需要帮助的人”。故本题选B。
3.A　细节理解题。题干意为:哪一项是这个老妇人的情感的正确顺序?根据文中的内容可知,一开始,老妇人遇到困难,所以她非常“无助”,排除C、D两项。后来,这名男子主动提出帮忙,老妇人“担忧”他是坏人,因此排除B选项。故A选项符合题意。4.D　推理判断题。题干意为:从文章中可以推断出什么?根据文中第五段中的“You don’t need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do—do not let this chain of love end with you.”可知,最后老妇人给这名女服务员留言说:“你不需要回报我。因为曾经有人像我帮助你一样帮助了我。如果你真的要报答我,这就是你应该做的——不要让这种爱的链条在你这里结束。”由此可以推断出,将来,这名女服务员很可能会帮助别人。故本题选D。5.C　主旨大意题。题干意为:这篇文章的最好的标题是什么?根据全文内容可知,文章记叙的是一个老妇人在自己最无助的时候,得到了别人不求回报的帮助,同时她也将这样的爱心传递给了怀孕的女服务员,并希望女服务员将这种爱的传递坚持下去。因此,文章的最好标题是C。
Passage 4(2016湖南长沙,C)It was a Christmas night. I was an unlucky nurse who had to work on such a beautiful festival. When I was complaining(抱怨)about it, three people appeared at my desk—a tired woman and two children.
“Are you all sick?”I asked doubtfully because they seemed all right.“Yes,”the woman answered weakly and lowered her head.But when they started to present their problems, things became unclear.One child had a fever,but his tempera-ture was OK.The other child had an earache, but she could not tell me which ear hurt.It seemed that the mother was pretending(假装) to cough.
　　Something was wrong.But I only explained that it might take a while before a doctor could meet them.“Take your time, please,” said the mother.I checked their charts—no address.Suddenly I knew,they were homeless while the hospital was warm.The family huddled(蜷缩)together under the Christmas tree, smiling and talking with each other sweetly.Quiet-ly, I went back to the nurses’ station and told them what happened in the waiting room.It was just like the God sending us a gift on Christmas Day.The nurses’ station suddenly came back to life.All the nurses went into action for “a Christmas emergency(急诊)”.We took out our meals for our Christmas “patients”.We also put together oranges and apples as presents.We tried to exceed the needs of a family who only wanted a warm place on Christmas night.Later, the little girl kissed me and said,“Thanks for being our angel(天使).”
1.Before the family appeared in the hospital, the writer was very 　　    .A.proud　　B.unhappy　　C.pleased2.The family came to the hospital because　　    .A.they came to visit a patient B.they were all sick C.they were homeless3.The nurses offered the family meals and gifts in order to　　    .A.make them feel at home B.make them leave C.make them feel upset4.What does the underlined word“exceed” in the passage mean?A.降低　　B.超出　　C.拒绝5.From the story, we learn that 　　    .A.homeless people often tell liesB.a hospital is a good place to spend Christmas nightC.we should always be friendly and kind to those in need
答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,讲述了在圣诞夜作者和医院的护士们使无家可归的人度过了一个温暖的圣诞夜的故事。1.B    细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知,作者觉得在圣诞夜工作的自己是很不幸的。故答案为B。2.C    细节理解题。由文章第五段中的I checked their charts—no address.可知,作者在查看他们填写的表格时发现地址一栏是空的。由此可推出来看病的三个人是无家可归的。3.A    细节理解题。由文章最后一段可知,护士们拿出自己的饭菜和礼物给无家可归的母子三人是为了让他们感受到温暖,从而过个快乐的圣诞节。4.B    词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,护士们不仅给无家可归的母子三人提供了一个温暖的地方过夜还送给他们食物和圣诞礼物,这些都超出了母子三人的预期。exceed超出。故答案为B。5.C    主旨大意题。从文章内容可知,全文在告诉我们应该友好地对待那些需要帮助的人。
话题六　科普知识与现代技术Passage 1(2020山东青岛,C)　　Part of Earth’s beauty comes from its oceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up of the ocean, weather patterns, the geography of the ocean floor, and many other areas. Their work is exciting, although sometimes dangerous. Using technology to do certain tasks helps. For example, robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks.One basic part of ocean study is understanding waves and how they work. Wind is the great maker of waves. The waves we know are mostly produced by winds blowing over the sea. They are directly connected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts.
Sometimes ocean life can be seen in the wave. Living things seem to be staying within the wave, moving slowly inside it as if they were weightless. Besides the beauty of waves, scientists are interested in their technical ways. The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves. Waves are measured(测量) from the top(crest) to the bottom(trough). This allows scientists to find out the height of a wave. They also measure waves from crest to crest to determine(测定)the length of a wave.During serious storms, huge waves might cut a sea ship apart. Ships are at great risk of winding up as broken pieces after being hit by the force of a huge wave. By understanding the ocean, scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships. The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed. By studying the o-ceans, a great deal can be learned about the surface we live on.
1.Why are robotic arms used? Because 　　    .A.certain tasks are very dangerousB.the tasks are excitingC.the oceans are beautifulD.there are many studying areas2.What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.Waves can make wind.B.Most waves are produced by winds.C.Scientists make most waves.D.Waves have nothing to do with wind.
3.What is the meaning of “the length of a wave”according to paragraph 3?A.The beauty of huge waves.B.The technical way to study the sea.C.The distance from crest to crest of a wave.D.The distance from the top to the bottom of a wave.4.Which of the following statements are right according to the passage?①Scientists can decide the weather patterns.②We can’t find living things in the waves.③By studying the ocean, scientists can prevent the breakup of ships.④The study of waves helps scientists know how certain beaches were formed.A.①③　　B.②④　　C.③④　　D.②③
5.Where is the passage probably from?A.A diary entry.　　B.A fairy tale.C.A travel guide.　　D.A science magazine.
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。地球的美一部分来自海洋。通过对海浪和海洋的研究,科学家帮助我们更好地了解我们生活的地球。1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知机械臂用于非常危险的任务。故选A。2.B　主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容可知,这一段主要介绍的是海浪是由风引起的。故选B。3.C　细节理解题。根据前面提到的“They also measure waves from crest to crest ”可知,这里说的the length of a wave指的是从浪尖到浪尖的距离。故选C。4.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句的“scientists can prevent this breakup of ships”和倒数第二句“The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed.”可知③和④正确,故选C。5.D　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,本文与日记、童话和旅行无关,是科学方面的内容。故选D。
长难句By understanding the ocean,scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships.通过对海洋的了解,科学家可以通过预测何时水对人和他们的船来说太危险,来防止船只的解体。本句为主从复合句。when引导宾语从句,介词短语by understanding the ocean和by predicting when...作方式状语。
重点词汇　ocean n.海洋;wave n.海浪;within prep.在……之内;prevent v.防止
词汇积累　chemical adj.化学的;connected adj.有关联的;breakup n.分裂,解体,破裂
Passage 2(2020湖北黄冈,2)
　　Three—two—one, fire!At the moment of 9:43 am, on Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心) in Sichuan Province, the last satellite of the third-generation network (第三代导航系统) was sent into space. It is the 55th member in the family of BeiDou. It belongs to China’s Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS北斗卫星导航系统). So far, 59 satellites, including the first four test ones, have been launched from Xi-chang. With the development of China, we have already owned three other famous satellite launch centers—Ji-uquan, Taiyuan and Wenchang.After a period of tests in space, this new satellite has started to work with other Beidou satellites together. It is designed to work for at least 12 years. So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS. It was a new milestone in the nation’s space research work. The launch showed our country has com-pleted our largest space-based system. It’s one of four global(全球的) navigation networks, including the U-
nited States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo.BDS has been widely used as public resources(资源) in our daily life. It has been shared by the whole world. It will provide more services around the world. BDS is the common wealth of the development of human beings.1.Where did China launch the last satellite of the third-generation network?A.Xichang.　　B.Jiuquan.　　C.Wenchang.　　D.Taiyuan.2.How many members are there in the family of Beidou?A.4.　　B.55.　　C.59.　　D.114.3.What does the underlined word “milestone” mean in Chinese?A.记录　　B.事业　　C.里程碑　　D.起点
4.GLONASS belongs to 　　    .A.China　　B.the United StatesC.Russia　　D.the European Union5.According to the passage, we can know that　　    .A.the last satellite of BDS was launched at 9:43 pm, June 23rd, 2020B.the new satellite is designed to work for at most 12 yearsC.BDS is shared only by China as public resourcesD.so far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国在2020年6月23日成功发射了一颗第三代导航系统卫星。1.A　细节理解题。由第二段中的at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province,the last satellite of the third-generation network was sent into space(在位于四川省的西昌卫星发射中心,第三代导航系统的最后一颗卫星被送入太空)可知答案为A。2.B　细节理解题。由第二段中的It is the 55th member in the family of BeiDou.可知,北斗家族中有55位成员,故答案为B。3.C　词义猜测题。milestone里程碑。It was a new milestone in the nation’s space research work.这是国家的太空研究工作的一个新的里程碑。故答案为C。
4.C　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句中的Russia’s GLONASS可知,GLONASS属于俄罗斯,故答案为C。5.D　细节理解题。由第三段中的So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS.(到目前为止,中国已经完成了中国北斗卫星导航系统的第三代导航系统。)可知答案为D。
Passage 3(2020北京,D)　　Today we can do everything with apps:pay bills, order food and shop for anything. Mobile technology means we can hold the world in our hands. However, when it comes to technology and health care, opportuni-ties and challenges come together.
Let’s start with the ways to get health care. Telemedicine can allow a patient to use technology to see the doc-tor online and get a diagnosis (诊断) and instructions without leaving home.
In addition, there are many patient websites. These allow for different kinds of interactions about our health needs without involving the medical team. Setting a date with doctors and reading lab results are readily achieved by technology.A whole new age of medical care seems likely (可能的) to come in the future.But every coin has two sides. What might be on the other side of techno-health care?Firstly, we should think about the health care experience as a whole. A usual visit to a doctor begins with a re-ceptionist (接待员), who can see and tell how a patient is doing. This may influence the treatment effect. It’s unlikely that a patient website will have such intuition.Next, sharing the details of one’s life requires trust, which takes time to build.This is certainly true in health care, where some of life’s best and worst moments involve doctors. The human touch should not be underval-ued and is unlikely to be there over the smartphone.
Lastly, test results can be difficult to understand. When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there’s room for all kinds of stories to form in their minds—and also great worry.So how does medicine adapt (适应) to the new technology age? Very talented companies are working on it. There is medical equipment (设备) that can be used at home to send necessary signs and heart sounds through telemedicine. It seems likely that some companies will find a way to explain test results.But what it will not achieve is the warmth of human interaction and touch.Patients often need someone to listen to—and care about—their journey story,which will never be realized through a human-less technology. Tech-nology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects. Let’s not al-low our humanity to be one of them.
1.According to the passage, how does technology help health care?A.It encourages doctors to voice their needs on the websites.B.It offers the patient a convenient way to get a diagnosis.C.It improves relations between doctors and patients.D.It provides an opportunity to build a medical team.2.The word “intuition” in Paragraph 5 probably means 　　    .A.an ability to understandB.an interesting experienceC.a chance to winD.a fair decision
3.What do you know about techno-health care from the passage?A.Patient websites require trust from doctors.B.Talented companies can give medical advice.C.Flagged results may cause worry for patients.D.Medical equipment collects patients’ stories.4.The writer probably agrees that 　　    .A.technology can deal with unexpected effectsB.telemedicine can take the place of usual health careC.it is difficult for patients to adapt to the new technology ageD.techno-health care should take humanity into consideration
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了远程医疗的优势和劣势以及未来医疗应该如何适应科技。1.B　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Telemedicine can allow a patient to use technology to see the doctor on-line and get a diagnosis and instructions without leaving home.”可知,远程医疗可以使患者在家视频会见医生并获得诊断,这是一种很方便的方式。故选B。2.A　词义猜测题。由画线词前的such推断,前文一定有具体解释。根据前文“A usual visit to a doctor be-gins with a receptionist, who can see and tell how a patient is doing.”可知,接待员能够判断患者究竟症状如何。而这一过程在网站上是无法实现的,故推断intuition指的是对病症的判断能力,故选A。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第七段中的“When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there’s...—and also great worry.” 可知,当没有医学学位的患者在网上看到有标记的诊断结果而没有对结果的具体解释时,会很担心,故C选项正确。4.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Patients often need someone to listen to—and care about—their journey story, which will never be realized through a human-less technology.”可知,患者需要有人倾听、关心他们,这是科技无法实现的。因此科技与医疗的结合应该把医生的仁爱考虑在内,故选D。
词汇积累　tell v. 辨别;degree n.学位;take the place of代替;take...into consideration 将……考虑进去
Passage 4(2020浙江温州,C)
Tide is the regular rise and fall of the ocean level caused by the movement of the sun, the earth and the moon. It is considered a promising source of green energy to produce electricity in coastal areas.To make use of tidal energy, we need to build tidal power stations. The bays* and the river mouths where the tide is high(the tidal range is more than 10 metres) are usually perfect sites to build tidal power stations. There
are many such places in the world. According to the IRENA(the International Renewable Energy Agency), by just using 2% of our coastlines, we can produce 4,383 TWh of ocean power each year, enough to meet 16.4% of the world’s electricity needs.To build a tidal power station, we need to build a dam. In the dam are many turbines and on each turbine there is an electric generator*. When the tide rises, water comes through the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generators work, producing electricity. When the tide falls, water goes out through the dam, the turbines turn a-gain. The electric generators continue to work.Tidal energy has its advantages. Using tidal energy to produce electricity is much cheaper than using the tradi-tional energy, like coal or gas. For example, the Rance Tidal Power Station in France has been there for over 50 years, producing around 540,000,000 TWh of electricity each year. The cost is only 1.3 cents/TWh. Tidal ener-gy can be used nearly 24 hours a day. As long as the sun, the earth and the moon exist, we can use it to produce
electricity. But without sunshine, there is no solar energy. When there is no wind, electric generators will not work. In addition, with the development of modern technology, tidal energy can be stored and used to produce electricity continuously.However, we still have some problems to solve. It is difficult to build a dam in the sea, and the cost is very high. Moreover, it’s expensive to keep a tidal power station in its best condition. Scientists are working on them.1.A tidal power station is best built 　　    .A.at a river mouth with windB.along the coast with wavesC.in a bay with tide high enoughD.in coastal areas with sunshine
2.The underlined word “turbine” in Paragraph Three is a machine to 　　    .A.make the tide rise and fallB.make an electric generator workC.let water go through the damD.keep the dam in good condition3.What advantage does tidal energy have?A.We can use it to get useful tide.B.It can improve the ocean environment.C.We can use it nearly all the time.D.It meets 16.4% of the electricity needs.
4.How can we make better use of tidal energy?A.By digging more bays and river mouths.B.By building cheaper tidal power stations.C.By closing traditional electric power plants.D.By using tidal energy to replace other energy.
答案语篇解读　　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了潮汐能的使用原理、优点和需要解决的问题。1.C　细节理解题。根据题干定位到文章第二段中The bays and the river mouths where the tide is high (the tidal range is more than 10 metres) are usually perfect sites to build tidal power stations, 意思是:潮高(潮差超过10米)的海湾和河口通常是建潮汐发电站的理想地点,因此选择C项。 2.B    词义猜测题。根据关键词turbine定位到文章第三段第二、三句In the dam are many turbines and on each turbine there is an electric generator.When the tide rises, water comes through the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generators work, producing electricity.由此可知,turbine的作用是使发电机工作产生电力。因此选择B项。
3.C　细节理解题。根据题干定位到文章第四段中Tidal energy can be used nearly 24 hours a day.由此可知,潮汐能几乎可以一天24小时被使用,因此选择C项。4.B　细节理解题。根据题干定位到文章第五段中the cost is very high。由此可知,在海里建造一个大坝费用很高,因此,只有通过建造更便宜的潮汐发电站来降低费用,才能更好地利用潮汐能。故选B。
长难句When the tide rises, water comes through the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generators work, producing electricity. 涨潮时,水通过大坝,涡轮旋转,发电机工作产生电力。本句是主从复合句。When引导的是时间状语从句,water comes through the dam、the turbines turn和the electric generators work是主句中的三个并列分句。producing electricity是现在分词短语作结果状语,补充说明发电机工作的结果。
重点词汇　solar energy太阳能
Passage 5(2018广东广州,C)Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes(望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can’t see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speed, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example,
when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth’s atmo-sphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.“The problem is becoming more challenging because we’re sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,”says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,”he says.1.What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Telescopes.　　B.Satellites.C.Pieces of space junk.　　D.BBC news reports.2.Why is space junk considered a problem?A.It burns up after it re-enters the atmosphere.B.It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth.C.It could force new space tools to travel at slower speed.D.It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death.
3.Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth’s atmosphere so that 　　    .A.the tools can be reused laterB.the tools don’t become space junkC.the earth’s atmosphere can stay cleanD.the effects of space flight can be studied4.How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?A.Catch it with nets.B.Use robots to collect it.C.Burn it in the earth’s atmosphere.D.Send it further away from the earth.
5.In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?A.Environment.　　B.Local News.C.Education.　　D.Fashion.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,讲述了日益严重的外太空垃圾问题,以及一些国家对此问题的处理情况。1.C    细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“...there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating...”和下文的“There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk...”可知these指的是“太空垃圾碎片”,故答案为C项。2.D    细节理解题。由第三段第一句“...even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts.”可知即使一小块(垃圾)都有可能击破卫星或者对宇航员造成危险,故答案为D项。
3.B    细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.”可知太空工具可在大气层外层烧毁,那么它们就不会成为太空垃圾了,故答案为B项。4.B    细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.”可知德国人正制造机器人去收集太空碎片,故答案为B项。5.A    主旨大意题。本文主要讲述太空垃圾的问题,属于环境问题,A项“环境”与题意吻合,故答案为A项。
长难句Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speed,so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts.像旧的太空火箭或卫星的碎片那样的物体围绕地球高速运行,速度之快以至于甚至是一小块(碎片)也能击破重要的卫星或对宇航员造成危险。本句为复合句。句子主干为Objects move around the planet at very high speed; so...that引导结果状语从句。介词短语like bits of old space rockets or satellites作后置定语修饰主语objects。
重点词汇　atmosphere n.大气,气氛;damage v.破坏;satellite n.卫星;astronaut n.宇航员;additional adj.附加的,额外的
Passage 6(2019北京,D)How Much Can We Afford to Forget?
In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more
powerful, students can access(获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civilizations(文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural(农业的) Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases(偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were re-
quired to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence,we have easy access to smart memory networks where infor-mation is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being(健康)depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.
1.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A.Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B.Because we control the training process on them.C.Because we offer them too much information.D.Because they overuse the provided answers. 2.The ease of accessing information from the Internet 　　    .A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB.prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC.misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines
3.The word “collapse” in Paragraph 5 probably means “　　    ”.A.a sudden failure　　B.the basic ruleC.a disappointing start　　D.the gradual development4.What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A.To question about the standards of information storage.B.To discuss our problems of communication with machines.C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.
答案语篇解读本文为一篇议论文。随着网络的快速发展,学生还需要记忆大量的知识吗?我们能依赖智能机器去记忆吗?1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and ob-jective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.可知选项B符合原文,故选B。2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along. 可知选项C符合原文, 故选C。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词在句中为主语及句子的谓语和宾语(would produce terrible results)可知,会产生不好的结果,选项A符合原文,故选A。4.D　推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一句And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.可知,本文的主要目的是提醒人们依赖机器记忆的风险。故选D。
长难句As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. 只要更旧的知识形式被存储在我们的网络的某一个地方,并且在我们需要它们的时候可以被找到,也许它们就不会真正被遗忘。本句为主从复合句。主句为perhaps they’re not really forgotten;as long as 引导条件状语从句;when引导时间状语从句。
重点词汇　afford v.负担得起;能承担;no longer 不再;depend upon 依赖;取决于;at risk of 有……的风险;as long as 只要
Passage 7(2017黑龙江哈尔滨,D)Drugs come in different forms. However, can you imagine that drugs come in chicken eggs? A team of scien-tists from England prove that it can come true. They have developed special chickens that lay eggs with drugs inside. These special drugs can help treat some kinds of diseases. Until now, they have made two kinds of drugs. One drug can treat skin cancer and the other can treat a nerve disease(神经性疾病).Certain drugs are produced by the special chickens inside their egg whites. These drugs are made of proteins(蛋白质) which can be found in animals’ skin, hair, milk and meat. The scientists also use DNA technology to make sure that the drugs are only inside the egg whites. In this way, the chickens can stay healthy.Besides egg whites, drugs made of proteins come in milk of cows and sheep. Compared with cows and sheep, the special chickens have ascendancy over them. First, they are cheaper to raise. Second, they need less room and grow faster.
These special chickens can pass on their drug-producing ability to their children. So far, five generations(代) of the special chickens have appeared. But scientists may need more time to make the drugs perfect. It’s said that scientists will realize their dream in five to ten years.1.The underlined word“ascendancy”in the passage means“　　    ”in Chinese.A.情况　　B.优势　　C.劣势2.According to the passage, the special drugs are 　　    .A.pills that can treat all cancersB.just the scientists’ imaginationC.made of proteins
3.According to the passage, the special chickens 　　    .A.need less room and grow fasterB.were developed by scientists from FranceC.produce certain drugs outside the eggs4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The scientists never use DNA technology to keep the special chickens healthy.B.It may take scientists more time to make the drugs perfect.C.Until now, scientists have made three kinds of drugs.5.What is the passage mainly about?A.It’s mainly about a serious disease.B.It’s mainly about a natural ability of the special chickens.C.It’s mainly about the special drugs.
答案语篇解读本文为说明文。药物是以多种形式存在的。但是你能想象得出鸡蛋里的药吗?来自英国的一些科学家证明它能够实现。他们已经研发了一些特别的鸡,它们产的蛋里就有药物。1.B    词义猜测题。由第三段最后两句可知这两点都是这些特别的鸡的优势,可推测ascendancy意为“优势”,故本题选择B。2.C    细节理解题。由第二段中的“These drugs are made of proteins...and meat.”可知本题选择C。3.A    细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Second, they need less room and grow faster.”可知本题选择A。4.B    细节理解题。由最后一段中的“But scientists may need more time to make the drugs perfect.”可知想让这些药更完美,科学家们还需要花费更多的时间,故本题选择B。5.C    主旨大意题。本文的中心词为“drugs”,故本题选择C。
话题七　学校及假期生活Passage 1(2020湖北武汉,A)
1.The news “Students taught to love parents”was first reported in　　    .A.ABC English　　B.Wuhan PostC.Parent Daily　　D.School News2.In which part of the newspaper can we read the news?A.CULTURE.　　B.FAMILY.C.EDUCATION.　　D.HISTORY.3.Who started the project?A.The parents.　　B.The newspapers.C.The neighborhood.　　D.The school.
4.What can we know from the news?A.The school aims at winning a good fame.B.The students were not well-behaved at home.C.The parents are happy to change their children.D.The students are guided on how to love their parents.5.The news mainly tells us　　    .A.children from one-child families need strict rulesB.Mother’s Day and parents’ birthdays are importantC.a project of good manners education has been well carried outD.the school means to turn the students into their parents’ helpers
答案语篇解读　　本文为一则新闻。题材为校园活动。重点介绍了一个学校发起的教导学生爱父母的活动。1.B　推理判断题。由报纸右下角处的From Wuhan Post可推测出这篇报道是ABC English从Wuhan Post转载的,由此可知本题选择B。2.C　细节理解题。由报纸左上角的EDUCATION可知这是教育版块中的内容,由此可知本题选择C。3.D　细节理解题。由第一段可知本活动是由学校发起的,由此可知本题选择D。4.D　细节理解题。由本篇文章的标题Students taught to love parents可知本题选择D。5.C　主旨大意题。综合全文可知这篇新闻报道主要介绍的是一个学校的礼仪教育和爱父母教育的活动,由此可知本题选择C。
长难句The parents are pleased to find their children can help them with some housework such as making beds, wash-ing and cooking.父母们很高兴发现他们的孩子能够在像整理床铺、洗衣服和做饭这样的家务方面帮助他们。动词find后省略了引导词that,其后所跟从句为宾语从句。
重点词汇　stand out突出;at least 至少;be used to 习惯于
Passage 2(2018湖北武汉,B)During the summer holiday, some students might have been busy with traveling, summer camps and all kinds of courses. But a special group of Chinese middle school students decided to taste the hardship of life outside school.Twelve students in a big city sold vegetables at a local market together. Within 12 days, they made more than 1,500 yuan.Among them, the oldest is 21 years old, while the youngest is just 10. They are all cousins in a big family and eight of them are from rural areas.“Compared to traveling, such social practice connects us and makes us learn how tough our parents are,” said Dalin, 18, to the City Morning Post. Dalin, a senior high graduate, and her 12-year-old brother Xiaolin came up with the idea.
They learned to work hard to sell their veggies. Every morning they had to wake up at 3 o’clock. Some of them went to the farmer’s market to buy vegetables. Some of them went to the local market to take up a tem-porary stall(临时摊位). To lower the cost, they learned to bargain(讲价)with the sellers.At about 6:30 am, they began to sell vegetables. They peddled(吆喝)loudly to attract(吸引)customers. After several days, they got some experience, too.For example, it was better to put vegetables in order and bigger ones on top. When the vegetables are too heavy, they should give customers an extra plastic bag.When they finally packed up and went home, they had a small meeting. Everyone took notes and shared their feelings.“We are tired,”said Dalin, “but we gained a lot.”
1.In the writer’s opinion, the 12 students’ action was　　    .A.popular　　B.encouraging　    C.strange　　D.embarrassing2.The cousins decided to sell vegetables at a market to　　    .A.show how able they wereB.have less hardship of lifeC.learn how hard their parents workD.prepare for their future traveling
3.They bargained with the sellers to　　    .A.cut down the cost　　B.share their feelingsC.get bigger vegetables　　D.attract more customers4.It’s clear that 　　    .A.they took up the temporary stall in turnB.they gave each customer an extra plastic bagC.Dalin and Xiaolin got the idea of selling vegetablesD.the elder sold vegetables when the younger took notes5.The best title of the story should be 　　    .A.Summer CoursesB.Family BusinessC.Students Learn from BargainsD.Cousins Work with Vegetables
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。题材为人物故事类。介绍了一群中国的中学生体验校外生活的事情。1.B    推理判断题。题干询问以作者的观点看,这12名学生的行为是什么样的。根据第一段最后一句But a special group of Chinese middle school students decided to taste the hardship of life outside school.以及文章最后一段可知,他们的行为振奋人心,故答案为B项。popular受欢迎的;strange奇怪的;embarrassing令人尴尬的。故答案为B项。2.C    细节理解题。题干询问这些表兄弟们决定在市场卖菜,目的是什么。根据第四段第一句中的“Compared to traveling, such social practice connects us and makes us learn how tough our parents are,”(比起旅行,这样的社会实践把我们联系起来并且使我们了解我们的父母是多么艰难)可知,答案为C项。本题干扰项为A“展示他们多么有能力”,通过文章可知,此项活动使他们得到了锻炼,能力得到了提升,而不是向人们展示他们的能力。
3.A    细节理解题。题干询问他们和卖方讨价还价的目的是什么。根据第五段最后一句To lower the cost, they learned to bargain with the sellers.(为了降低成本,他们学着和卖家讨价还价)可知,A项“降低成本”与句意一致,故答案为A项。B项“分享他们的感受”,根据第八段内容可知错因在于句子和题干要求不一致;C项“买更大的蔬菜”与第七段第一句有关,但与题干不符;D项“吸引更多的顾客”,根据第六段第二句(他们大声吆喝来吸引顾客)可知与题干不符。4.C    细节理解题。题干句意:很明显……。根据第四段最后一句(Dalin,一个高中毕业生和她的12岁的弟弟Xiaolin想出来这个主意)可知,C项“Dalin 和Xiaolin 想出卖蔬菜的主意”与句意一致,故答案为C项。根据第五段第二至四句可知并非轮流占据临时摊位,所以A项错误;根据第七段最后一句可知,并不是每个人都给,所以B项错误;根据第八段最后一句(每个人都记笔记,分享他们的感受)可知,并不分年龄大小,都要记笔记。5.D    主旨大意题。题干询问最好的标题是什么。根据全文可知本篇文章主要讲的是Dalin和Xiaolin等人通过卖菜,体验校外艰难生活的故事,故答案为D项。本题干扰项为C项“学生学习讨价还价”,这只是学生们在体验生活时学会的其中一件事,犯了以偏概全的错误。
长难句When they finally packed up and went home, they had a small meeting.当他们最后打包回家时,他们开了一个小会。本句为主从复合句。主句为they had a small meeting, when引导时间状语从句。
重点词汇　connect v.联系;be compared to与……相比
词汇积累　hardship n.艰难;rural adj.农村的
Passage 3(2019重庆,D)Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here’s something you can do.Be calm(冷静). Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry can’t solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved(卷入)in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are no winners in a fight.Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the at-tacker calm down. If the person doesn’t stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.　▲     Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to
him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.1.The underlined word “attack” in Paragraph 3 means “　　    ” in Chinese.A.拥抱　　B.攻击　　C.阻止　　D.吸引2.Which of the following sentences can be put in the 　　    ?A.Face bravely.　    B.Join in a fight.C.Learn to refuse.　    D.Talk to someone.
3.The passage is written to 　　    .A.help students keep away from fightsB.warn students not to fightC.advise students to help each otherD.encourage students to work hard4.The passage is written in a/an 　　     tone(语气).A.sad　　B.angry　　C.serious　　D.crazy
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们讲述了远离学校的打架事件的三个方法,分别是:保持冷静;遇到别人袭击要大声喊叫或呼救;要学会拒绝,不去帮助朋友们打架。1.B　词义猜测题。根据后面的描述(你应该转过身去面向袭击者,把手抬在身前,并且大声喊“停下来”)可知,此处表示“攻击”,故本题选B。2.C　推理判断题。根据后面的“Learn to say no.”可知,此处表示学会拒绝,不要去帮助朋友们打架。故本题选C。3.A　主旨大意题。本文的主题句为第一段的第二句话“But how can you keep away from a fight?”。由此可知,本题选择A。4.C　推理判断题。通观全文可知,本文语气严肃,故本题选C。
长难句Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.然后尽力去了解他为什么想要打架并帮助他找到一个正确的解决问题的方法。why he wants a fight是宾语从句, 动词不定式短语to deal with the problem作way的后置定语。
重点词汇　teach sb.a lesson 给某人一个教训　call out大声喊出　give sb.a hand帮某人忙
词汇积累　calm down冷静下来
C组　教师专用题组
Passage 1(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,B)Clothes Donation(捐赠) Box　　Have you ever put your old clothes into the donation box in your neighborhood?If not, you can do it right now because the clothes donation is becoming a trend(趋势) in Urumqi.“From time to time, my mother clears out the clothes which I no longer wear. You know, we teenagers are growing fast. I think it’s a good way to help others,”Lin Tao, a junior student says.“I often pick out some of my clothes which are out of style after going shopping. Then I’ll put them into the donation box,”Miss Li, a pretty young lady says.“That seems like a good idea.Some clothes in the box are quite new. People can either wear them or use them to make things such as handbags and pencil cases,”Mrs. Wang, an old woman says. “Sometimes I also look
through the box for some nice clothes.”However, there are some problems along with the popularity of clothes donation. Recently, a UTV reporter from Focus on the City has made a survey. Here are the results:◆The box is full of clothes in a short time. There is no more room for people to give away clothes.◆Some people sell the clothes in the donation box for making money instead of wearing them.◆Some communities set the box in unsuitable places. So there are few clothes in it.◆Many clothes are too old and shabby(破烂的).“What’s worse,”one of the staff in a community added,“we quite often see people throw rubbish into the box when they pass by. We’ve tried to stop them several times but failed.It has been the most serious problem since we set the box.”
In order to make the donation box work in an efficient(有效的) way, our government is taking action. Clothes donation will be better-organized and it’ll be more convenient for people in need to take the clothes away.1.Miss Li gives away her clothes because　　    .A.her clothes are out of styleB.her mother clears out her clothesC.she is growing too fastD.she wants to make something2.The reporter from UTV has collected　　    .A.4 problems　　B.5 problemsC.6 problems　　D.7 problems
3.All the problems about the donation box are included EXCEPT　　    .A.there’s no more room for people to donate clothesB.people choose unsuitable places to set the boxC.sometimes the box is broken by someoneD.the clothes in the box are too old and shabby4.The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 4 means　　    .A.the clothes donation boxesB.the old peopleC.handbags and pencil casesD.some clothes in the box
5.We can infer(推断) from the passage that　　    .A.the clothes donation will be better-organized to help donators and people in needB.the clothes donation becomes less popular than before because of serious problemsC.the clothes donation can prevent some girls from wearing clothes that are out of styleD.the clothes donation gives the traders a good idea to sell old clothes for making money
答案语篇解读衣服捐赠在乌鲁木齐成为一种新趋势。本文介绍了社区衣服捐赠箱带来的好处以及存在的问题。1.A    细节理解题。从第三段中的“I often pick out some of my clothes which are out of style after going shopping.”可知李小姐捐赠过时的衣服,故选A。2.B    细节理解题。从第五段下面加“◆”号处可找到四点,加上下一段中总结的一点,应是五个问题,故选B。3.C    细节理解题。将各选项与第五段下面加“◆”内容比较可知,C项没有被提到。4.D    词义猜测题。从画线处前一句“Some clothes in the box are quite new.”可知,them指代“Some clothes in the box”,故选D。5.A    推理判断题。从文章最后一句“Clothes donation will be better-organized and it’ll be more conve-nient for people in need to take the clothes away.”可判断出A选项是正确的。
Passage 2(2018上海,A)
1.The first two sentences of the text above are about　　    .A.different types of booksB.the coming school yearC.the importance of summer readingD.good places for summer reading2.One of the steps for parents to sign up on www.readfun.org is to　　    .A.select“Parent”　　B.finish a testC.choose a tip　　D.print an article3.What does www.readfun.org provide?A.Online teachers. B.Pen friends’ information. C.Interesting videos.D.Articles of different levels.
4.The underlined word “accessible”in the text means“easy to　　    ”.A.write 　　B.discuss 　　C.understand 　　D.compare5.According to TIP 2, parents should help their kids develop　　    good reading habit(s).A.1　　B.2　　C.3　　D.46.The text above is written to 　　    .A.introduce a reading programmeB.sell books to schoolkidsC.encourage parents to read moreD.share reading experience
答案语篇解读本文介绍了如何利用www.readfun.org/summer-reading 这个网站进行阅读以及如何注册和网站提供哪些内容等。1.C    细节理解题。通过关键词improve以及help可知这两句是讲夏季阅读的重要性的。2.A    细节理解题。通过文中How to sign up中的三个步骤可知。3.D    细节理解题。通过文中What we provide中第二句中的articles of different levels可知。4.C    推理判断题。通过画线词后提及的choose articles at your child’s reading level可推断文章需要能读懂。5.B    细节理解题。由TIP 2里第二句和第三句可知。6.A    推理判断题。全篇都是在介绍如何利用www.readfun.org/summer-reading 这个网站进行夏季阅读的,因而选A。
Passage 3(2018重庆,D)A cup of coffee is a good way for many people to start their day.It can also pass on kindness.Manyang Kher used to be a Sudanese child refugee(难民). When he was three years old, his village was burnt in the war. He was separated from his parents and never saw them again. He became one of the 20,000 young Sudanese who had to leave their home for Ethiopia’s Gambella area. He lived there as a refugee for 13 years.When he was 16, Kher went to the United States. While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees. Now, he owns a coffee company(公司) called 734, which is a part of his program. The company has helped more than 200,000 refugees living in the Gambella area till now. Kher said, “I know the difficulties and pains they face every day. You see kids die from hunger. You see kids dying of illnesses. You see kids running away from the refugee camp to find a place to be home, but die on the way.”
Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to school. And, as Kher explains, the money helps refugees to help themselves. For example, a cup of 734 coffee can also buy one fishing net(网) for a refugee. They can fish for themselves.Kher sells the coffee online and to coffee stores. Megan Murphy owns a coffee store in Washington D.C. She serves 734 coffee in her store and people love it. The coffee tastes delicious, so it’s a win-win on both sides.1.Kher left his home when he was three years old because　　    .A.his parents opened a storeB.his village was burnt in the warC.he had to move to the USD.he lost his home in an earthquake
2.Kher helps the refugees by　　    .A.making fishing nets　　B.offering coffee to themC.starting a program　　D.sending them back home3.We can infer from this passage that　　    .A.Kher sells his coffee both online and to coffee storesB.you’re helping the refugees when enjoying 734 coffeeC.coffee from Megan Murphy’s store tastes deliciousD.Megan Murphy is one of the refugees in Gambella4.The writer wrote the passage to　　    .A.sell 734 coffee and make moneyB.show his love of 734 coffeeC.teach refugees to fish for themselvesD.introduce Kher’s program
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了苏丹的Manyang Kher因为有过难民的经历,所以上大学后创办了734咖啡公司和其他项目来帮助难民,以此来回报社会的故事。1.B    细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三、四句可知选B。2.C    细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知选C。3.B    推理判断题。A和C原文已经写出,不需要推断。D为错误选项,文中没提到她是难民。根据第四段第三句和第五段最后一句可推断出,购买734咖啡就是在帮助难民。4.D    主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Kher通过创办咖啡公司等项目来帮助难民的故事,故选D。
Passage 4(2018河北,D)“Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person,” Mason, a volunteer said.National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity (机会) to encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organization’s expectations (期望). Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.The following tips can help if you have some of these worries:★ Start out slowly, don’t add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone’s life.
★ Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.★ Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.★ Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot; he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organization’s expectations.★ Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.★ Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experi-ences are perfect. If one experience doesn’t work, don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportuni-ty.Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “...little things can change a person’s life.”
1.Volunteering can help　　    . A.make a decision　　B.see the world clearlyC.thank other people　　D.make a person’s life better2.What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step?A.They don’t have enough time.B.They are prevented by their families.C.They fear that their abilities are shared.D.They don’t expect to become volunteers.
3.Which of the following can help people take the first step?A.Start out quickly.B.Organize a training meeting.C.Invite a friend to be with them.D.Join in a group with different values.4.The underlined word “veteran” in the passage means “　　    ”.A.polite　　B.humorousC.young　　D.experienced5.What is the main idea of the passage?A.To tell people to make changes in their lives.B.To encourage people to start their volunteering.C.How to make great achievements in volunteering.D.How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.
答案语篇解读本文为说明文,文章重点介绍了成为一名志愿者给我们带来的好处以及如何迈出成为志愿者的第一步,号召大家花费一些时间参加志愿者活动。1.D    细节理解题。题干句意:志愿活动能够帮助　　    。由原文第一段引号中的“Volunteering makes...change a person’s life for the better...”可知本题选择D。2.A    细节理解题。题干句意:阻止一个人迈出第一步的原因可能是什么?第二段中的“Making the deci-sion...sharing their abilities.”共列出了三个阻止一个人迈出成为志愿者的第一步的原因,分别是:是否能够满足组织的期望、不认识小组内的其他人和没有足够多的时间。选项A是这三个原因中的一个,故本题选择A。
3.C    细节理解题。题干句意:下面的哪个选项能帮助人们迈出第一步?由文章第八段“Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.”可知本题选择C。其他干扰选项均和原文有出入,如A选项的quickly应改为slowly;B选项的Organize应改为Take part in;D选项的different应改为common。4.D    猜测词义题。题干句意:文章中的画线单词“veteran”意思是　　    。由画线单词后面的句子 “He volunteered a lot...organization’s expectations.”可知此处是说和有经验的志愿者一起工作,故本题选择D。5.B    主旨大意题。题干句意:这篇文章的中心思想是什么? A选项意为“为了告诉人们在他们的生活中做出改变”;B选项意为“为了鼓励人们开始他们的志愿活动”;C选项意为“怎样在志愿活动中取得伟大的成就”;D选项意为“无论发生什么,怎么坚持志愿活动”。本文在第二段提出了阻止人们迈出参加志愿者活动的第一步的原因并在下方给出了六条建议,所以本文的中心思想应为B选项。
Passage 5(2017内蒙古呼和浩特,B)　　Nowadays more and more children seem to get lost in a “sea of digital(数字)technology”. As they use digital technology too much, they are losing their ability to do simple things. They can’t make toys themselves with hands or help Mum cook dinner. And worst of all, they seem to be losing interest in communicating with others.“I have talked with a number of teachers. They care about the increasing numbers of young pupils who can play with computers or smartphones, but have few or no skills to play with making things,” said a teacher, Colin Kinney. “Many pupils can’t communicate with other pupils but their parents talk proudly of their abili-ty to use a computer or a smartphone.”Instead of playing with other children, more and more children are choosing to stay indoors and quietly play on a tablet(平板电脑)on weekends and after school. How can a child grow up to be a very good artist if he
doesn’t learn how to use a paintbrush and develop his painting skill? How can a child learn to make friends as he gets older if he doesn’t learn to communicate with others at a young age?Digital technology can be used for good or evil. We can use a stone to either break a window or build a house. We shouldn’t blame the children. We should help them make right choices. It is certainly necessary for chil-dren to know how to use digital technology in today’s world, but what is more important, we should encour-age them to develop social abilities, which will do them good when they grow up.1.What’s the worst problem that is mentioned in the first paragraph?A.Children can’t make things themselves.B.Children make too many friends online.C.Children don’t want to communicate with others.D.Children don’t like helping Mum cook meals at home.
2.According to Colin Kinney, which of the following is TRUE?A.Teachers don’t notice that young pupils have few skills to make things.B.Many parents are very happy that their kids can use digital technology.C.Many teachers don’t care if young pupils can play computers or tablets.D.Some parents are worried that their kids use digital technology too much.3.What do many young children choose to do on weekends and after school?A.To play on a tablet indoors.B.To paint with their paintbrushes.C.To play with other children.D.To make friends with other children.
4.What does the underlined word “blame” mean in Chinese?A.表扬　　B.原谅　　C.评价　　D.责怪5.What does the writer mainly want to tell us?A.It’s very important for children to have social skills.B.It’s very helpful for children to do some housework.C.It’s necessary for parents to learn to use digital technology.D.It’s difficult for teachers to make right choices for their pupils.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇议论文,通过对孩子们沉迷数字技术而造成的不良后果的论述,指出一个事物有好坏两个方面,并且提出我们应该帮助和鼓励孩子们适当使用数字技术和发展社会技能的观点。1.C    细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“And worst of all, they seem to be losing interest in commu-nicating with others.”可知,孩子们不想和其他人交流,故选C。2.B    细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Many pupils can’t communicate...or a smartphone.”可知,许多父母很高兴他们的孩子会用数字技术,故选B。3.A    细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead of playing...quietly play on a tablet(平板电脑) on weekends and after school.”可知,许多孩子在周末和放学以后在屋内玩平板电脑,故选A。
4.D    词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后文“We should help them make right choices.”可知,blame是责怪的意思,故选D。5.A    推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but what is more important, we should encourage them to develop social abilities”可知,对孩子们来说发展社会技能是非常重要的,故选A。
Passage 6(2017陕西,C)As we all know, border(边界)safety is very important to a country. In China, many common people, besides soldiers(军人), are doing what they can to keep the border safe. Wei Deyou is one of them.In 1964, Wei, a soldier in the army, went to Xinjiang to keep the border safe. Years later, when the other mem-bers left for other places, he chose to stay. He worked as a border keeper while keeping some sheep to support his family. Every day, he rode a horse or walked along the border. He tried his best to stop Chinese, foreigners and home-kept animals from crossing the border. He took everything about border safety seriously. When he found anything unusual or dangerous, he would call the police in time. It was really hard work.One cold winter day in 1987, when Wei was on his way home from work, a heavy snowstorm came. He lost his way and walked for several hours. He nearly lost his life. Luckily, some soldiers saved him. Another day in 1992, his 400 sheep were driven away or killed. He knew some people hated him because of his strictness.
Wei has been working in Xinjiang for over 50 years. No matter how hard a life he lives, Wei never gives up. These years, he has walked about 200,000 kilometers along the border. He has also found many new ways to keep the border safer. For his excellent work, he has been given some prizes. He is a model for all of us. Now he is 77 years old. He still keeps working there. Just as he said,“It’s my duty to do the job. Border safety is the most important.”1.What does Wei do in Xinjiang?A.He is an officer.　　B.He is a fireman.C.He is a border keeper.　　D.He is a policeman.
2.What happened to Wei on a cold winter day in 1987?A.He lost his life.　　B.He got hurt.C.He lost his sheep.　　D.He lost his way.3.According to the last paragraph, we know that　　    .A.Wei has returned to his hometownB.Wei will continue working in XinjiangC.Wei has new ways to keep his sheep safeD.Wei is too old to work
答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。魏德友自1964年起坚守在新疆,守护着祖国的边境线,50多年来巡边近20万公里,他是我们的榜样。1.C    细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的keep the border safe及第三句中的He worked as a border keeper可知选C。2.D    细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知,当时由于暴风雪,他迷路了。3.B    推理判断题。由最后一段倒数第二句He still keeps working there.可知,他还要继续在那里戍边。
Passage 7(2017北京,C)Buying Is Doing?How important is shopping to you? How much time do you spend buying things? And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home? In the future, how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores? When you add it all up, you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming(消费)things. Consuming products is not necessarily bad. However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.Imagine that you have a week off from school. You don’t have to go to class. However, in this week, you can-not spend any money—no shopping, no movies, no eating out. How would you spend your time? What things would bring you happiness? Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend. Perhaps you would help a child read. Or you might spend time with your family.
When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memo-ries. Why? Non-consuming activities are active, not passive. They don’t come in a package. You make the experience yourself. For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience. The expe-rience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly, when you have a conversation with a friend, you are actively creating an experience. The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else. However, if you watch a movie with a friend, you will each have a packaged expe-rience. It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences. We feel that we must consume be-cause we believe that buying is doing. However, we can start a personal revolution(变革)against consumerism. How? By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.
1.If consuming products takes too much time, we should 　　    .A.spend less moneyB.think about it carefullyC.organize our thingsD.go to convenience stores2.According to the passage, the writer believes that 　　    .A.we can say no to consumerism by consuming lessB.buying things can bring us the greatest satisfactionC.the environment seldom influences our shopping choicesD.consuming experiences will be our most important memories
3.What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A.To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time.B.To encourage people to have more active experiences.C.To explain reasons behind people’s shopping behavior.D.To share his personal experience in consuming products.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇议论文,旨在倡导少消费,多进行积极的活动。1.B    细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 “However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.”可知正确答案为B。2.A    细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However, we can start a personal revolution against consumerism. How? By consuming less.”可知正确答案为A。3.B    主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文旨在提倡进行更多积极的体验,而不是提倡过度购物,故选B。
Passage 8(2017重庆,B) 
1.The readers share their ideas by writing a(n)　　    .A.e-mail　　B.poem　　C.note　　D.report2.　　    thinks home is the best place to read books.A.Rose　　B.Emma　　C.Dick　　D.Bill3.Dick enjoys reading in the reading club because he can　　    .A.listen to the sound of rain B.sit on the floor or lie on the sofaC.talk about books with friends D.watch different people pass by4.The ideas above are mainly about　　    .A.how to choose books　    B.when to borrow booksC.where to read books　    D.which books to buy
答案语篇解读有人喜欢在一棵大树上悠闲地读书;有人喜欢在家里安静地读书;有人喜欢在读书俱乐部感受读书的氛围;有人喜欢在咖啡馆读书以享受非凡的意境。你喜欢在哪里读书呢?1.C    细节理解题。由图片可以看出这是四张便条。2.A    细节理解题。由第二幅图片的落款可知。3.C    细节理解题。由第三幅图片中“It’s really amazing to talk about a good book.”可知C项正确。 4.C    主旨大意题。由第一句话“Where do you usually read books?”可知。
Passage 9(2017重庆,C)　　During the 2016 Rio Olympics, people were surprised to see the round, purple marks on the body of the famous American swimmer Michael Phelps. What happened to him?In fact, he just visited a doctor of tradition-al Chinese medicine(TCM)and had“cupping”(拔火罐).Massage(按摩)and acupuncture(针灸)are two other important kinds of TCM. Chinese massage can make you relaxed and fresh. In acupuncture, doctors put long needles(针)into the patients’ heads, faces, arms... It takes away pain, though the look is funny.TCM is an important part of Chinese culture. The earliest medical classic in China, Huangdi’s Classic on Medicine, came out more than 2,000 years ago. The book is about the relationship between man and nature. In Chinese culture, yin and yang are the two parts of nature. Nature keeps balanced(平衡)if yin and yang work well together. The human body needs such a balance, too. TCM helps to do that. Quite specially, for some
health problems, a doctor of TCM will not give you medicine. Instead, he may give you just a food plan and right ways to eat.For example, it is common to eat on the way to school, at our desk, or in front of the TV. But TCM thinks it’s wrong. Here are the correct ways:Sit down to eat. While eating, turn off the TV and get away from the work desk. Eat seasonal foods. Do not miss any of the three meals. Also, get your body moving often, just as the say-ing goes,“Running water is never stale.”Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular around the world. A government report says that people in 183 countries and areas are now using TCM.
1.In the first paragraph, the writer mentioned Michael Phelps　　    .A.to introduce a doctor of TCMB.to give an example of using cuppingC.to introduce the Rio OlympicsD.to give an example of a good swimmer2.About Huangdi’s Classic on Medicine, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A.It is the earliest medical classic in China.B.It came out over 2,000 years ago.C.It is mainly about how to take medicine.D.It is an important book on TCM.
3.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means“　　    ”in Chinese.A.水到渠成　　B.流水不腐C.柔情似水　　D.绿水长流4.If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?(①=Para.(自然段)1　②=Para.2　③=Para.3　④=Para.4⑤=Para.5)A.①;②③④;⑤　　B.①②;③;④⑤C.①②;③④;⑤　　D.①;②;③④⑤
答案语篇解读中国传统中医疗法源远流长,博大精深。从《黄帝内经》开始,中医一直发挥着巨大的作用。现在,有许多国家也在推崇中医治疗。中医在蓬勃发展。1.B    推理判断题。文章第一段提到Michael Phelps 是为了说明中医中的拔火罐。2.C    细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知A、B、D三个选项的内容都提及了。3.B    词义猜测题。上文的“get your body moving”主要是说“移动”,所以“流水不腐”符合题意。4.C    主旨大意题。1、2段在介绍中医的三种传统疗法:拔火罐、按摩和针灸;3、4段在介绍中医;5段在讲中医应用的广泛性。故C项的分法是正确的。
Passage 10(2016重庆,A)Paper cut can be seen in many parts of China during the Spring Festival. People put it on windows, doors and walls for the festival.A thousand years ago, paper cut was used for decoration (装饰). In the Tang Dynasty women used paper cut as headdress. In the Song Dynasty, it helped to make gifts more beautiful. What’s more, people would feel hap-pier when they saw paper cut on windows, doors and walls. Now people use paper cut to express their wishes for welcoming the New Year.There are different kinds of paper cut in different parts of China. Pictures usually cover nearly all things, from flowers, birds to the famous people. Now, there are factories for paper cut in China. Paper cut has changed from decoration to a kind of art. At the same time, paper cut also appears in cartoons, magazines or TV programs.
1.　　     people like to use paper cut for their festivals.A.Australian　　B.ChineseC.English　　D.American2.In the Song Dynasty, paper cut helped to make gifts more 　　    .A.beautiful　　B.famousC.different　　D.expensive3.This passage is mainly about 　　    .A.cartoons　B.TV programs　C.paper cut　D.hair cut
答案语篇解读本文为说明文。主要介绍了中国剪纸的起源与发展过程,也说明了剪纸的主要用途。目前剪纸已经变成一种艺术,同时出现在卡通、杂志和电视节目中。1.B    细节理解题。由首句“春节期间剪纸在中国许多地方可见”可知选B。2.A    细节理解题。由第二段中的it helped to make gifts more beautiful可知选A。3.C    主旨大意题。文章主要介绍中国的剪纸艺术。
Passage 11(2016安徽,A)Marco Polo was from Venice, Italy. In 1271, at age 17, Marco went on a trip with his father and uncle to China. Today people often travel to different places around the world. But it was very hard for people from Europe to visit China then. After three and a half years, the Polos reached China in 1275.While he was there, Marco Polo worked for Kublai Khan, the emperor(皇帝)of China. He was able to learn and experience many things that were new to Europeans. In his diary, he wrote, “Kublai Khan’s palace is the greatest I’ve ever seen. The streets of the new capital, Daidu, are so straight and so wide.”Paper money also took him by surprise, since it was not yet in use in the West at that time. Homes were heated with “black stones...which burn like wood.”Those stones were coal, and most of the Europeans knew little about it then.After 17 years in China,Marco and his family finally returned to Venice in 1292. After he returned home, Mar-co completed a book about his trip, full of facts about his wonderful experiences in China.
1.How was Marco Polo’s three-and-a-half-year journey to China?A.Expensive.　　B.Comfortable.C.Difficult.　　D.Smooth.2.The Polos finally got to China in 　　    .A.1271　　B.1275　　C.1288　　D.12923.What did Marco do when he was in China?A.He worked for the emperor.B.He learned to build city streets.C.He helped to dig for coal.D.He finished a book about his trip.
4.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Magic“black stones”B.Marco Polo in ChinaC.Paper money in DaiduD.Kublai Khan—the greatest emperor
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍马可·波罗从欧洲旅行到达中国,并以在中国居住长达17年的所见所闻为素材写书。1.C    细节理解题。由第一段中的But it was very hard for people from Europe to visit China then.可知答案为C项。2.B    细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知最后到达中国是在1275年。3.A    细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知他为中国皇帝工作。故答案为A项。4.B    主旨大意题。通读全文可知主要是介绍马可·波罗旅行到达中国后的事情。故答案为B项。
Passage 12(2016安徽,C)The olive (橄榄) tree probably first grew in southern Asia. And then it spread to Mediterranean (地中海的) countries about 6,000 years ago.Since then, it has been important in Mediterranean people’s lives.The olive tree grows in rocky places and it doesn’t need much water. Its fruit can be made into olive oil. Peo-ple have used olive oil to cook dishes for centuries. But they haven’t only used it for cooking. Some ancient cultures believed that it was useful as medicine. In modern times, people still use olive oil both for its taste and its health advantages.Olive oil has also been an important product in the business and culture of Mediterranean countries. In ancient Greece, for example, anyone who cut down an olive tree was heavily punished. Winners at the Olympic Games wore wreaths (花环). They were made of olive branches (树枝). Sometimes winners were also given a prize of olive oil. People from Greece built ships so that they could use olive oil for trade. But it was the Romans who
grew the olive tree in the rest of southern Europe and northern Africa.Today, olive oil is still a very valuable product, and many different kinds of olive oil are sold in countries all over the world.1.Where did the olive tree probably first grow?A.In Asia.　　B.In Africa.C.In Europe.　　D.In America.2.What can we learn about olive oil?A.People started to cook with it recently.B.It is made from olive branches.C.People used it to build ships in Greece.D.It can be good for health.
3.In ancient Greece, people who cut down an olive tree 　　    .A.wore wreaths　　B.were heavily punishedC.got a prize of olive oil　　D.were regarded as heroes4.The passage is mainly about 　　    .A.the method of cookingB.the trade of GreeceC.the history of the Olympic GamesD.the story of olive oil
答案语篇解读本文是说明文,介绍了橄榄油及它在人们生活中的作用和用途,让人感觉到它的珍贵。1.A    细节理解题。由文章第一句可知“它可能最初在南亚生长”,故答案为A项。2.D    推理判断题。由第二段内容可知橄榄油不仅可食用而且还是一种药,因为它对健康有益,故可推断出答案为D项。3.B    细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,在古希腊任何砍倒橄榄树的人都会受到严重惩罚。故答案为B项。4.D    主旨大意题。通读全文可知都是在讲橄榄油,故答案为D项。
Passage 13(2016安徽,D)While many young people were enjoying the summer vacation, Zach Bonner was working his hardest. Zach started walking from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, on Christmas, 2009. He reached Los Angeles nine months later in September, 2010. He covered a total of 2,478 miles and raised $120,000 for kids in need. Along the way, Zach attended school online. His mother, brother and sister took turns to walk or drive together with him.Although he is very young, Zach has a long history of helping others. When a terrible storm hit town in 2004, Zach, when six, pulled a wagon (小推车) through his community and collected food for people in need.He has raised $400,000 for his Little Red Wagon Foundation since then. It gives money to projects which help homeless children.In 2007, Zach began walking to support a children’s charity (慈善组织) in Tampa, Florida. He finished his journey 23 days later, 280 miles away in Tallahassee. Then in the summer of 2009, he trekked about 670 miles from Atlanta to Washington, D.C., in just two months.“As long as there are homeless kids, I will never stop walking for them,”Zach says.
1.What did Zach do during the summer vacation in 2010?A.He stayed at home to look after his family.B.He travelled to his hometown with his family.C.He joined in a school activity with other kids.D.He walked to collect money for kids in need.2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that Zach 　　    .A.began to help people at a very early ageB.made money to pay for his educationC.enjoyed playing around in his communityD.worked very hard for his family
3.At what age did Zach start walking to support a Tampa children’s charity?A.At six.　　B.At nine.C.At eleven.　　D.At twelve.4.The underlined word “trekked” in Paragraph 3 probably means“　　    ”.A.延伸　　B.挖掘　　C.跋涉　　D.飞行5.Which of the following best describes Zach?A.Friendly and shy.　　B.Silly but lovely.C.Kind and helpful.　　D.Clever but lazy.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了一位名叫Zach Bonner的年轻人利用暑假筹钱帮助别人的感人事迹。1.D    细节理解题。由文章第一段中的内容可知他在2010年为需要的孩子们筹集了120,000美元。故答案为D项。2.A    推理判断题。由第二段第一句Although he is very young, Zach has a long history of helping others.可推断出答案为A项。3.B    推理判断题。由第二段中的内容可知2004年他6岁,那么在第三段中2007年支持慈善事业应该是9岁。故答案为B项。4.C    词义猜测题。由句意及画线词后的距离可推断出答案是C项。5.C    主旨大意题。全文都是在讲Zach Bonner如何帮助别人和为慈善事业做贡献,故答案为C项。
Passage 14(2016陕西,D)　　Reading makes one wise,but many adults seldom read.They say they are too busy to have time to read.Sure.They have work to do.They have families to support.But these are only excuses.The fact is that they haven’t got a reading habit.A reading habit isn’t something natural.It needs to be trained.And it’s never too late to develop a reading habit.Scientists believe proper books are very important for children to develop a good reading habit.A book in rich colours and with simple patterns(图案)such as lines and circles is a good choice for babies of three months old.When they reach six months,they will become interested in simple story books in rich colours.When children get old enough to read by themselves,it’s necessary to buy books that are both interesting and right for them to understand.Books which are either too easy or too difficult are not good for kids to keep their reading habits.
Only buying books for children isn’t enough.For kids,parents are their first teachers.So parents should read books to set an example.Children will follow them.Scientists say imitating the adults is a born skill.And it is the most valuable way for children to learn.This will certainly help them develop a reading habit in the end.1.According to the writer,many adults seldom read because they　　    .A.don’t have enough timeB.have to work all the timeC.haven’t got a reading habitD.have to support the family2.The underlined word “imitating” here probably means　　    .A.copying　　B.reading　　C.testing　　D.missing
3.We can learn from the passage that　　    .A.story books are better than books in coloursB.a reading habit comes from certain trainingC.a three-month-old kid likes simple storiesD.too easy books help keep a reading habit
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了阅读习惯的重要性以及如何培养孩子的阅读习惯。1.C    细节理解题。由第一段中的The fact is that they haven’t got a reading habit.可知答案为C项。2.A    词义猜测题。科学家们认为孩子模仿成年人是一种天生的技能。故答案为A项。3.B    推理判断题。由文章可知阅读习惯可以通过一些训练培养起来。
Passage 15(2016宁夏,C)Smoke fills the sky. The day is as dark as night. Heat makes it hard to breathe(呼吸). This is the world of a wildfire fighter(消防员)!Wildfires are a part of nature. But, as one firefighter says,“Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem.”A wildfire can destroy(毁坏)everything in its way. But there are ways to fight it.By airSmokejumpers(空降森林灭火员)are often the first firefighters to reach a fire. To get closer, they jump from a plane. They are especially important when the area is difficult to walk to. If smokejumpers can’t stop a fire in 24 hours, other firefighters join them. This second group drops water on the fire from an airplane.On the land
On the ground, firefighters work together to stop the fire. First, one group digs a fire line. This is a long deep ditch(沟). It is difficult for the fire to cross this line.Then, while those firefighters dig, others start a backfire(回火). They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line. When the wildfire comes, there is nothing for it to use as fuel.Other firefighters cut down dead trees. That way the fire can’t move to other trees. Firefighters risk their lives to keep people safe. Their job takes hard work, and it takes courage.1.The underlined phrase “use as fuel” means　　    .A.drop　　B.fire　　C.burn　　D.live
2.When the firefighter says, “Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem.” what does he mean?A.Fire is natural, but it’s dangerous to people living near it.B.Fires in forests are not a big problem, but fires in cities are.C.Fighting fires should be the job of people living near fires.D.Putting out fires in cities is always a problem for firefighters.3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is wrong?A.Smokejumpers are often the last firefighters to reach a fire.B.The firefighters dig a fire line to stop the fire crossing the line.C.The firefighters start a backfire by burning the dry grass and leaves.D.Some firefighters cut down dead trees so that the fire can’t move to other trees.
4.The writer wants to　　    .A.explain why fire is not a problemB.show us how fires destroy everythingC.tell us how firefighters fight wildfiresD.teach us how to be a good firefighter
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,介绍了消防员灭火的方式和具体操作方法。1.C    词义猜测题。根据上文意思可知当野火来的时候,没有什么可以点燃的了。drop掉下;fire生火;burn点燃,燃烧;live生存。故选C。2.A    推理判断题。消防员说的是火本身不是一个问题。住得离火近的人们是一个问题。故选A。3.A    细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的the first可知。4.C    主旨大意题。根据文章意思可知作者想告诉我们消防员是如何灭野火的。
Passage 16(2016江苏南京,C)A new report shows what life might be like in 100 years from now. It describes skyscrapers that are much taller than today’s buildings, underwater ’bubble’ cities and holidays in space. The report is from a company. It asked experts(专家) on space and architecture, as well as city planners, to give their ideas on the life in 2116. They said the way we live, work and play will be totally different to how we do these things today. The experts used the Internet as an example. They said that 25 years ago, people could not imagine how the Internet and smartphones would change our lives. The Internet has completely changed the way we communicate, learn and do daily things. The experts said the changes in the next century would be even more unbelievable.Researchers questioned 2,000 adults about the predictions(预言) that they thought were most likely(很可能的) to happen in the future. They predicted that in the future, few people will go to an office but will work from home and have work meetings online. People will have highly developed 3-D printers that will let you down-
load(下载) a design for furniture or a food recipe and then ’print’ the sofa, table or pizza at home. There will also be less need for visits to the doctor. We will all have a home health instrument that will tell us what the problem is and give us treatment. We will also be going into space for holidays and to get resources that we have used up on Earth. A prediction that is missing is whether people will still need to study English.1. The writer uses the example of the Internet in Paragraph 1 to show 　　    .A.the Internet was often usedB.the Internet has developed fastC.people will not believe the changesD.technology will change people’s lives
2.With the help of highly developed 3-D printers, a way to get a sofa in 2116 is to 　　    .A.buy one in a shopB.ask somebody to make oneC.download a design and ’print’ oneD.design and make one by oneself3.According to the passage, the missing prediction is 　　    .A.how people will workB.where people will get resourcesC.what people will have at home to treat illnessD.whether people will still need to learn English
4.The passage is mainly about 　　    . A.the life in 2116B.holidays in spaceC.the history of the Internet D.medical treatment5.The passage is most probably from 　　    .A.an advertisement　    B.a newspaperC.a detective story　    D.a health report
答案语篇解读这是一篇预测100年后的生活的文章。文章主要描述了在2116年,社会将发生的变化以及人们生活方式的变化。1.D    细节理解题。根据第一段可知,作者以因特网为例的目的是表明科技将会改变人们生活,故选D项。2.C    细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,在2116年,人们可以通过3D打印机下载家具设计并在家打印沙发。故选C项。3.D    细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,没有预测到的是人们在将来是否仍需要学习英语。故选D项。4.A    主旨大意题。纵览全文可知,本文作者主要向我们描述了2116年的生活。故选A项。5.B    推理判断题。综合全文判断,本文是一篇预测未来生活的报道,最可能来源于报纸。故选B项。
Rachel Carson(1907—1964) was a pioneer of the world’s environmental movement through her writing about the protection of the natural world.Her 1962 book Silent Spring made her well known by many people.It describes the harmful changes in the environment of using toxic(有害的)chemicals on farmland.Carson’s career started as a biologist in the US Bureau of Fisheries. In 1951 she published her first book, The Sea Around Us, which became a bestseller. It made her rich enough to leave her job and devote her life to writ-ing. She was a gifted writer. Her next two books were also about the oceans and both topped the book sales lists.Carson’s book Silent Spring completely changed the way America thought about nature. It painted a bleak(荒凉的) future for the whole natural world. It led to a nationwide ban(禁止) on the use of a deadly chemical called DDT, and other toxic pesticides(农药) that farmers used for their crops. Many people say the book led to the creation of America’s Environmental Protection Agency.
Passage 17(2016江苏南京,D)
Since her death, Carson’s name has continued to be connected with protecting the environment. There is now a yearly Rachel Carson Book Prize. Norway awards the Rachel Carson Prize to women who have made great contributions to the field of environmental protection. In 1980, 16 years after her death, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honour in America.1.What happened to Rachel Carson in 1962?A.She started to write books.B.She gave up working as a biologist.C.Her book The Sea Around Us sold well.D.Her book Silent Spring made her famous.
2.What most probably made Rachel Carson leave her job?A.She got an award.B.She published Silent Spring.C.The Sea Around Us brought her enough money.D.The US government took notice of her researches.3.Why is the book Silent Spring important to America’s environmental protection?A.It describes a silent spring.B.It topped the book sales lists.C.It changed how America thought about nature.D.It includes all Carson’s research achievements.
4.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.The book Silent Spring. B.The way America thought.C.The US Bureau of Fisheries.D.America’s Environmental Protection Agency.5.Why was Rachel Carson awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom?A.She published the book Silent Spring.B.She did a lot of researches for the US Bureau of Fisheries.C.She donated much money to the Rachel Carson Book Prize.D.She made great contributions to the environmental protection.
答案语篇解读这是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了世界环境保护运动的先驱Rachel Carson的事迹以及她的作品对人类保护环境产生的重要影响。1.D    细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,在1962年,Silent Spring这本书使得她一举成名。故选D项。2.C    细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知,使得Rachel Carson离开本职工作的主要原因是The Sea Around Us这本书的出版给她带来了足够多的财富。故选C项。3.C    细节理解题。根据第三段第一句以及最后一句可知,这本书对于美国环境保护的重要性在于它改变了人们对大自然的看法。故选C项。4.A    推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句可知,it在此处指代的是Silent Spring这本书。故选A项。5.D    推理判断题。综合全文可知,Rachel Carson为美国环境保护做出了杰出贡献,因此被授予该奖项,故选D项。
Passage 18(2016浙江杭州,A)Rob Frenette had problems with bullies(欺辱)at school for eleven years. He was often lonely and scared. When he was fifteen, however, he decided to do something about his problems. He walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying. His story went into the newspaper and soon all the TV stations in Canada wanted to talk to him about his experiences. They also wanted to hear his ideas to stop bullying.After that, Rob continued his studies at school, but in his free time he helped other people with bullying prob-lems. With a friend Katie Neu, he made a website called www. bullyingcanada.ca.Visitors to the website can find advice, stories and poems about bullying, in both English and French. When people are upset, they can talk on the phone or online to Rob and his team. Every weekend Rob has to answer e-mails to the website. He also speaks to children, teachers and members of government around the country about bullying.Rob’s most important message is:“When bullies are unkind to you, it isn’t your fault. There’s nothing
wrong with you, so you should try to keep trusting yourself. And remember that people care about your prob-lems. You just have to find those people.”One of Rob’s ideas is “Blue Day”,a special day for stopping bullying in schools. Students have to wear blue clothes and in class they learn how to stop bullying. More than 150 Canadian schools now celebrate Blue Day, but Rob won’t stop until there’s a Blue Day in every school in Canada.1.How did Rob often feel at school before he was fifteen?A.Relaxed.　　B.Unhappy.C.Shocked.　　D.Tired.2.We can learn from this passage that Rob suffered from bullying since he was 　　    .A.four　　B.seven　　C.eleven　　D.fifteen
3.www.bullyingcanada.ca is a website where people can 　　    .A.learn how to write poemsB.get advice about bullying problemsC.get blue clothes for freeD.practice both English and French4.The underlined part “those people” in Paragraph 3 means 　　    .A.people who always bullied others beforeB.people who help others with bullying problemsC.people who are members of the governmentD.people who write e-mails about their problems
5.What was the correct order in which these events happened?a.Rob and his friend made a website.b.Rob was bullied at school.c.Rob created “Blue Day”.d.Rob told his story in public.A.b—d—a—c　　B.a—b—c—dC.b—a—d—c　　D.c—b—a—d
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,通过Rob的故事说明校园欺辱问题越发严重,由此鼓励大众积极维护权益。1.B    推理判断题。由第一段第二句可知他经常感到孤独和害怕,所以推断他不高兴。2.A    推理判断题。由第一段第一句和第三句可知答案为A。3.B    细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知这个网站可供人们获得有关欺辱问题的建议。4.B    词义猜测题。根据第三段的内容可知答案为B。5.A    细节理解题。按照事件发生的过程,第一段第一句说Rob在学校受到欺辱;第一段第四句说他走进报社谈他的经历;第二段Rob跟他的朋友做了一个网站;第四段提到Rob的其中一个想法是创建“蓝色日”。
Passage 19(2016湖南长沙,B)
Why is clean water so important to developing countries?A recent report shows that about 80 percent of diseases in developing countries are caused by poor water and low sanitation(卫生) conditions.In those countries, women and girls spend several hours collecting water,but often polluted,far away from their families. The polluted water more or less influences their health.In this case,there is an urgent(迫切的)need for people in developing countries to have access to(有机会或权利使用)clean water to improve their health.
Here is a short story about Hadjara Zakari,a 12-year-old girl in Niger.Having access to clean water changed her life.She learned about the importance of hand-washing when the school first received clean water three years a-go. That evening,she told her father,“You shouldn’t eat with me unless you clean your hands.” Her father was very angry and shouted at her, “It’s not up to you to tell me what to do!” Stunned(目瞪口呆的),Had-jara sat in silence. But she knew she was right.In protest, Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night. After her fa-ther questioned Hadjara’s head teacher,he understood the importance of hand-washing and his daughter’s in-tentions(目的).The girl really wanted her family to live longer and healthier lives.For people in developing countries, clean water can change many things, especially improve their health.So,from now on,let’s avoid wasting water and take action to save water, which is important to people all over the world.
1.According to the recent report, poor water and low sanitation conditions can cause 　　    .A.traffic problems　　B.forest firesC.many illnesses2.The key to improving people’s health in developing countries is 　　     in Paragraph 1.A.to get clean water　　B.to exercise oftenC.to refuse drugs3.What can we infer(推断)from Paragraph 2?A.Hadjara laughed at her father’s foolishness.B.Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night in order to lose weight.C.Hadjara’s father understood his daughter’s love and care for him later.
4.The underlined word“protest”in this passage means 　　    .A.抗议　　B.保护　　C.节约5.The purpose of the writer is to 　　    .A.teach people how to wash handsB.call on people all over the world to save waterC.show developing countries rich in clean water
答案语篇解读本篇为夹叙夹议的文章,讲述了发展中国家的人们因为用水困难,导致多种疾病,甚至威胁生命。因此鼓励大家节约用水。1.C    细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知,大约80%的疾病都是由缺水和卫生条件差造成的。2.A    细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知,改善人们健康状况的关键是得到干净的水。3.C    推理判断题。由文章第二段可知答案。Hadjara并没有嘲笑父亲,Hadjara拒绝和父亲一起吃饭是因为父亲吃饭前没有洗手,故A、B是错误的。C选项“后来Hadjara的父亲明白了女儿对他的爱和关心”是正确的。4.A    词义猜测题。根据上下文可知, Hadjara以拒绝和父亲一起吃饭作为对父亲不洗手的抗议,protest意为“抗议”。故选A。5.B    主旨大意题。作者的目的是呼吁大家节约用水。
Passage 20(2016黑龙江哈尔滨,A)Ms.Smith lived in a small village. She was born with a silver spoon. When her parents died, they left her a lot of money. After that, she lived on her own. Unfortunately, she became blind after a serious illness. She went to see lots of famous doctors, but nobody was able to cure (治愈) her eyes. She felt very sad.One day, a man named Tom came to the village where Ms.Smith lived. He heard about her illness and came to her house. He told Ms.Smith that he had much experience. He was sure to cure her eyes, but she must pay him a large amount of money. Ms.Smith agreed.“But you can’t get a penny if you fail,”said the lady.During the treatment, Tom found Ms.Smith was very rich. There were plenty of good things in her house. He stole many valuable things from the house. Several weeks later, Tom cured Ms.Smith. The lady could really see with her eyes. When Tom asked for money, Ms. Smith refused. She said,“You haven’t cured my eyes. Be-fore I was blind, I could see all the things in my room.　　    ”Hearing that, Tom stood there and couldn’t say a word.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。1.The underlined sentence “She was born with a silver spoon.”most probably means　　    .A.she had poor parentsB.she was born in a rich familyC.she had meals with a very expensive spoon2.Tom came to visit Ms. Smith for the first time because he　　    .A.wanted to steal her moneyB.wanted to help her for freeC.wanted to cure her illness in order to make money
3.After Ms.Smith was cured,　　    .A.Tom paid her a lot of moneyB.she refused to pay Tom any moneyC.she paid Tom lots of money at once4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Ms.Smith was born blind.B.Many valuable things were stolen from Tom’s house.C.It took Tom several weeks to cure Ms.Smith.5.“　　    ” can be the missing sentence in the passage.A.What a colorful world!B.But now I can’t see any of them.C.Thank you for curing my eyes.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了富人史密斯女士生病、治病的过程。1.B    推理判断题。根据下文When her parents died, they left her a lot of money.可判断出她的家庭富裕。故本题答案为B项。2.C    细节理解题。根据第二段中的He was sure to cure her eyes, but she must pay...可知本题答案为C项。3.B    细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When Tom asked for money, Ms. Smith refused.可知史密斯女士在眼睛治愈后拒绝付钱。故本题答案为B项。4.C    细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的she became blind after a serious illness可知A项错误;根据文章第三段中的He stole many valuable things from the house. 可知是汤姆偷走了东西,B项错误;根据文章第三段中的Several weeks later, Tom cured Ms. Smith.可知,几周后汤姆治愈了史密斯女士。故本题答案为C项。5.B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的He stole many valuable things from the house. 可知汤姆偷走了许多有价值的东西。因此可以判断出房子里少了很多东西。当史密斯女士的眼睛被治愈后看不到房子里的东西。故推断出本题答案为B项。
Passage 21(2016黑龙江哈尔滨,D)Have you ever seen the movie Big Hero 6?Baymax(大白)is a main character in the movie. He’s a friendly big robot that looks after people’s health. If there is a robot like Baymax in our real life, people will get more ben-efits. The robot will be especially helpful in caring for the old.The health of old people needs greater monitoring and care.Scientists in America are now working to make Baymax a reality(现实).Actually, they have already produced some health care robots. These robots provide brain video games to improve people’s memory.The games can help the old remember things for longer. Besides, these robots provide special apps(应用程序)to help the old manage their health at home. The apps can check the old people’s heart rate(心率)and tell them to take their medicine on time. The apps can also record their daily activities. Such collected information helps doctors dis-cover the cause of an illness faster and more correctly. But the health care robots aren’t as clever as Baymax yet.
Nowadays, scientists are working on improving the health care robots. They hope the robots can produce elec-tricity by walking across the floor. If they succeed, batteries will not be needed. They also hope the robots can communicate with humans in the daily life so as to make people happier and healthier.Scientists are trying to realize these dreams. Like Baymax, these health care robots may save people’s lives in the future. We are looking forward to them.1.The underlined word“monitoring”in the passage means“　　    ” in Chinese.A.监测　　B.娱乐　　C.危害
2.According to the passage, Baymax is　　    .A.a friendly small robot that looks after people’s healthB.as clever as the health care robots in real lifeC.a main character in the movie Big Hero 63.In the passage, the health care robots that have been produced by scientists　　    .A.can’t improve people’s memoryB.can communicate with humans in the daily lifeC.can help the old manage their health at home4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Nowadays the health care robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor.B.Both the doctors and the old who use the health care robots can get help from them.C.The health care robots can provide video games to check a person’s heart rate.
5.What is the passage mainly about?A.It’s mainly about the movie Big Hero 6.B.It’s mainly about the health care robots.C.It’s mainly about the importance of health.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者通过介绍电影《超能陆战队》主角大白,引出对美国科学家正在研制的健康关爱机器人的介绍。1.A    词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句话The health of old people needs greater monitoring and care. 可以推测出老人的健康需要更多的监测和关注。故本题答案为A项。2.C    细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的Baymax(大白)is a main character in the movie. 可知大白是这部电影的主角。the movie是指上文提到的电影《超能陆战队》。故本题答案为C项。3.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的these robots provide special apps(应用程序)to help the old manage their health at home可知这些机器人提供特殊应用程序在家帮老年人管理健康情况。这些机器人指上文提到的健康关爱机器人。故本题答案为C项。
4.B    细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的They hope the robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor. 可知科学家们希望健康关爱机器人通过在地板上行走发电。而现在这些机器人还不能。故A项错误;根据文章第二段可知这个应用程序能够检测老人的心率。故C项错误;根据文章第二段these robots provide special apps(应用程序)to help the old manage their health at home和Such collected information helps doctors discover the cause of an illness faster and more correctly. 可知这些机器人既帮助了医生又帮助了老年人。故本题答案为B项。5.B　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知由电影《超能陆战队》中主角大白引出文章主题“健康关爱机器人”。故本题答案为B项。
Passage 22(2016湖北襄阳,B)I arrived at my mother’s home for our Saturday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. I knew they were all made herself. She was preparing for a quilt show on TV. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box.I pulled it out.“What’s this?”I asked.“Oh?”Mom said, “That’s Mama’s quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked as if a group of school children had made the pieces together.“Grandmother made this?”I asked in surprise. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didn’t look like any of the quilts she had made.　　“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,”Mom said,
“I’m still working on it. See, this is what I’ve done so far.”I looked at it more closely. She had made a line straight(直的). At the center of the quilt, she had stitched a piece of cloth with these words:“My mother made many quilts. She didn’t get all lines straight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”“Oh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. I was sure now that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.1.When the writer got home, his mother　　    .A.was cooking dinnerB.was preparing for a quilt showC.was watching TVD.was changing her mama’s quilt
2.How did the writer’s mother deal with her mama’s last quilt?A.She took it to a TV show.B.She brought it home and made some changes.C.She gave it to her daughter as a family treasure.D.She made some changes with a group of children.3.The word“stitched”in the sixth paragraph probably means　　    in Chinese.A.画出　　B.剪开　　C.写下　　D.缝上
4.From this passage we know the writer’s grandmother　　    .A.was highly thought of by her daughterB.wasn’t good at making quiltsC.was dead many years agoD.lived with the writer before she died5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The writer wanted to know what their family treasure was.B.The writer’s mother wanted to learn how to make a beautiful quilt.C.The writer’s mother wanted to honor her own mama by finishing the quilt.D.The writer’s mother wanted to take her mama’s quilts to the show.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者的外祖母留下的亲手制作的被子是作者母亲的珍爱之物。这床被子出自一双充满了慈爱的女人之手,再由另外一位充满慈爱的女人传承下去。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段第五句可知,当作者到家的时候,他的母亲正在准备一场被子秀。2.B    细节理解题。由第五段中的I brought it home...可知,作者的母亲把她母亲做的被子带回家并作了一些改变。3.D    词义猜测题。根据句意“在被子的中心,她缝了一块布,上面写着……”可知。4.A    推理判断题。由第六段中的But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.可知。5.C    推理判断题。由第七段第二句I was sure now that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother.可知。
Passage 23(2016湖北襄阳,C)I was in a shopping mall, so I decided to go and get a cup of coffee. As I was making my way to the coffee shop, I noticed an old gentleman poorly dressed sitting near the shop. I knew from the first sight that he needed help. He had a little lunch in front of him and was enjoying it. It was clear that he had a problem with his right eye. I then joined the line and waited to be served.Then it happened. One of the most beautiful gestures(姿态) I had ever seen in my life. There was a young man in front of me in the line who was also waiting to be served. The next thing I knew was that the young man handed the waitress(女服务员)20 dollars and requested a glass of juice as a favor(善行). The waitress looked at the young man a little perplexed, not fully understanding the request. That was when the young man asked her to give the juice to the old gentleman eating his lunch outside, as well as the change(零钱)from the 20 dollars. The young man also told her that he would be watching every second so that she would be completely safe.
Then there was a wonderful exchange between the waitress and the old man. I only wished I could take a photo of the smiles on both of their faces.As I was considering this event later, I wondered why the young man didn’t perform this act of kindness him-self. Maybe he was hoping that this act of kindness might inspire(激励) others to do something for this old man as well.1.The old gentleman　　    outside the coffee shop.A.was waiting in lineB.was eating his lunchC.was asking for moneyD.was waiting for the waitress
2.The word“perplexed”in the second paragraph probably means　　    .A.doubtful　　B.embarrassedC.worried　　D.angry3.How did the young man help the old man?A.He took him to have lunch and gave him some money.B.He bought him a glass of juice and gave him some change himself.C.He asked the waitress to give him a glass of juice and some change.D.He took a picture with the old man to remind others to help him.
4.From this passage we know　　    .A.the young man had a problem with his right eyeB.the waitress was too frightened to help the old manC.the young man disliked to be praised by others in publicD.the writer supported the behavior(行为)of the young man5.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.It is good manners to wait in line in public.B.Help people in need and inspire others to do so.C.Giving money to the disabled people is what we should do.D.Be ready to help others secretly.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一位右眼有残疾且穷困的老人在一家咖啡店门口正吃午饭,一个小伙子看到后,主动为老人买果汁,并让女服务员送过去。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段第四句可知,那位年老的绅士正在咖啡店外吃自己的午餐。2.A    词义猜测题。根据该词后面的not fully understanding the request“没有完全理解这个要求”可知。3.C    细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五、六句可知,这个小伙子让女服务员给那位老人一杯果汁和零钱。4.D    推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知,作者对这种善举表示赞成。5.B    主旨大意题。根据文章大意,不难发现文章在宣扬一种正能量,力求帮助需要帮助的人们,而且要鼓励其他人也这样做。
Passage 24(2016四川南充,B)On a Friday night, a poor young violinist was playing his violin at the entrance(入口)of the subway station. He played such great music that people slowed down to listen and put some money into his hat.The next day, the violinist came to the entrance again. He put down his hat as usual. Beside the hat was a piece of paper with some words on it. It said,“A George Black has put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Welcome to claim(认领)it.”Soon people were all interested in the words and wondered what it could be. After a while, a man rushed into the crowd, took the violinist’s shoulders and said,“I knew you would certainly come.”The violinist asked,“Did you lose anything?”“Lottery(彩票).”The violinist took out a lottery tick-et with Black’s name on it. Black took it and danced happily.Black was an office worker. He bought the lottery and won a prize of $500,000. But when he gave $50 to the violinist for his wonderful music, the lottery ticket was thrown in, too. The violinist was a college student. That
morning, he was going to fly to Vienna for high education. However, when he found the ticket, he put off the flight and went back to the entrance.Later someone asked the violinist why he didn’t take the lottery ticket to pay for his high education. He said,“Although I don’t have much money, I live a happy life. If I lose honesty, I won’t be happy forever.”1.When did the violinist come to the entrance of the subway station again according to the passage?A.On Saturday.　　B.On Sunday.C.On Friday.　　D.On Thursday.2.What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to(指代)?A.The music.　　B.The hat.C.The important thing.　　D.The violin.
3.What was Black’s job?A.A college teacher.　　B.An office worker.C.A university student.　　D.A music teacher.4.Why did the violinist put off his flight to Vienna?A.Because he was ill.B.Because he wanted to make more money by playing the violin.C.Because he liked playing the violin there.D.Because he wanted to find the person who lost the lottery.5.We can learn from the passage that the violinist was　　    .A.poor but honest　　B.rich and honestC.poor and careless　　D.rich but careless
答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。一位贫穷的年轻小提琴手在地铁口拉小提琴。回到家后他意外地在帽子里看到了一张中奖500,000美元的彩票。心中的那份诚实使他推迟航班,回到地铁口寻找失主。他这样做的理由是如果失去了诚信,他将永远不会开心。1.A    细节理解题。由文章开头第一句及第二段第一句可知,那位小提琴手第二天(也就是星期六)又来到地铁口。2.C    词义猜测题。由第二段第四句可知纸上写着“一位叫乔治·布莱克的先生错把一个重要的东西放在了我的帽子里”,所以it指代“那个重要的东西”。3.B    细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知,布莱克先生是一名办公室职员。
4.D    推理判断题。第三段最后一句和第四段告诉我们这位小提琴手之所以回来,是因为他想找到那位丢失彩票的人。5.A    细节理解题。第一段第一句已经告诉我们,这是一个贫穷的小提琴手,文章最后一段又告诉我们他是一个诚实的年轻人,故答案选A。
Passage 25(2016四川南充,D)What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede(踩踏)?March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students(NDESEMSS)(全国中小学生安全教育日). The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more ele-mentary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries(伤害).What can we do to keep ourselves safe?Staying calm(镇静)is the first and most important rule when facing ac-
cidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice.A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands, lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs.Earthquakes are common natural disasters(灾难). When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are out-doors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines.When there’s a fire, follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t breathe in smoke.
1.What’s the theme of NDESEMSS this year?A.To give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.B.To give students more knowledge about health and make sure they eat healthily.C.To give students more knowledge about science and make their study better.D.To give students more knowledge about accidents and make them run away.2.What should you do first when accidents happen according to this passage?A.Run away.　　B.Stand there.C.Keep calm.　　D.Cry loudly.
3.According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?A.Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents.B.When there’s a fire, you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose.C.If you fall down in a moving crowd, you can do nothing but wait there.D.When an earthquake happens, you should stay near buildings or trees.4.What’s the best title for this passage?A.Be afraid of accidentsB.The earthquake is comingC.Run away from accidentsD.How to protect yourself
5.If the writer continues to write this passage, what will he write about?A.The changes of fires.B.The reasons of accidents.C.Sports injuries.D.Smoking’s disadvantages.
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。它向我们介绍了发生意外时应该注意的事项。1.A    细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句可知A正确。2.C    细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句可知当遇到事故时,首先要保持镇静。3.B    细节理解题。由文章最后一段可知,当发生火灾的时候用一块布掩住口鼻,以防吸入浓烟。4.D    主旨大意题。纵观全文,文章围绕安全话题展开,介绍了遇到事故时应该如何保护自己。5.C    推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知共写到四个方面,而第五、六、七段分别写到踩踏、地震、火灾,所以如果继续写下去,应该写运动伤害。
Passage 26(2015广东,B)It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China.Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws.Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers,TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste,or e-waste.Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury(汞)and lead (铅)can be found in them.Every time an old computer breaks down,it needs to be dealt with safely.But at present,broken computer parts are usually buried.It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by e-waste.Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.This town is named as“the e-waste capital of the world”.It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year,from which it makes 75 million yuan.But it comes at a cost.Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the
environment.Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers.Greenpeace,an environmental group,has found the air,the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.The Chinese government wants the country to develop,but in a way that doesn’t do harm to the environment and people’s life.This year,China passed a new environmental protection law,the strictest one we have ever had.Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers.This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely.Hopefully,the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.1.The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from　　    .A.France　　B.JapanC.Germany　　D.Australia
2.The underlined word buried probably means 　　    in the passage. A.焚烧　　B.降解　　C.回收　　D.掩埋 3.The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province　　    .A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollutionC.deals with the e-waste safely D.spends much money on e-waste
4.This year,the Chinese government　　    .A.tried to change people’s life B.closed some computer companies C.made a new environmental protection lawD.asked people to hand in their old computers5.The passage is mainly about　　    .A.the ways to deal with e-wasteB.the cost of burning e-wasteC.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste
答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了当今世界一种新的垃圾(电子垃圾)对环境的污染,用具体的数字向我们说明了它们对环境污染的严重性。为此中国政府采取了措施来减少它们对环境的污染。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知。2.D    词义猜测题。由该词后一句提到的它们在土壤里要经过数百年才能消失,可推测答案选D。3.B    细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知。4.C    细节理解题。由第四段第二句中的This year,China passed a new environmental protection law可知答案为C项。5.C    主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章主要讲了中国的电子垃圾问题。
话题一　社会热点
Passage 1(2020泉州质检,A)　　The epidemic(流行病)has changed our lives. It not only forces us to stay at home, but also changes the way we work, study,and even go shopping. In many countries, the Novel Coronavirus Disease(COVID-19) has also changed the way people greet each other. To help stop the spread of disease, people give up their usual greeting styles and invent safe ways.Let’s take a look!Lean forward, touch cheeks(脸颊)and make a kissing sound. This is French people’s favorite way of greeting. It’s very romantic. But when facing the virus, kisses are not good. Etiquette expert(礼仪专家)Philippe Licht-fus gives people a suggestion: simply looking into a person’s eyes can be a greeting. It’s not so romantic but it’s safe.Like the French, Italians are also romantic people. When they meet, they always hug or kiss each other. Recent-ly, an Italian grandma made a video to help everyone fight against the disease. She says that if you meet, you
can close one of your eyes and give them a wink. Isn’t it cute?It’s a very Australian thing to shake hands. But if you do this, the virus can jump from one person to another. Now a health official in Australia says a pat on the back would be better. But it also has some problems. For ex-ample, it’s a bit crude if you do this to your teachers.A video shows that an interesting greeting way is now popular in Iran.In the video, 3 Iranians meet and tap their feet against each other. They wear masks with their hands in their pockets. It looks like they are playing a fun game. If we can’t shake hands, why not try to“shake”feet?1.Why do people give up their usual greeting styles nowadays?A.To make life more interesting.B.To change their study way.C.To protect themselves from the disease.D.To invent some new things.
2.What does French people’s favorite greeting way include?①Touch cheeks.②Hug each other.③Make a kissing sound.④Give a tap on the back.⑤Lean forward.⑥Look into a person’s eyes.A.①②⑥　　B.③④⑥　    C.①③⑤　　D.②④⑥
3.What’s the Italian grandma’s suggestion to greet others? 4.What does the underlined word “crude”in Paragraph 4 mean?A.unlucky　    B.unhappy C.impatient　     D.impolite
5.In which country is “shaking feet” a popular way to greet each other now?A.Iran.　　B.France.C.Australia.　　D.Italy.
答案语篇解读本文介绍了在疫情期间,我们应该怎样安全地打招呼。分别介绍了在法国、意大利、澳大利亚和伊朗的人们的打招呼方式。1.C　由第一段第四句可知,因为新冠肺炎是传染性的,为了防止它的传播,人们改变了他们原来的问候方式,所以选C。2.C　根据文章第二段第一、二句Lean forward, touch cheeksand make a kissing sound.This is French peo-ple’s favorite way of greeting.可知选C。3.B　根据文章第三段中的She says that if you meet,you can close one of your eyes and give them a wink.可知选B。
4.D　根据画线词前的But it also has some problems.及常识可知,拍老师后背应该是不礼貌的。故选D。5.A　根据最后一段A video shows that an interesting greeting way is now popular in Iran...If we can’t shake hands,why not try to“shake”feet?可知选A。
Passage 2(2019宁德质检,B)
　　In October 2018, parents were shocked to find that an international school in Shanghai had food safety problems. They found food problems in the school’s kitchen. They were so angry that they reported it to the law enforcement office immediately. After fully examined, moldy tomatoes and onions were found and the headmaster was fired.
Parents across China have become increasingly worried about food safety in schools, according to The Beijing News. Teenagers need to eat nutritious (营养的)food when they’re growing up to be healthy adults. Therefore, it is necessary for school dining halls to provide healthy food. With this in mind, the government has introduced a new food safety regulation(规定)that will improve nutrition and health standards in schools.
The regulation was carried out on April 1. It requires the headmasters to eat with students in the dining halls. Schools will also be required to make information about food sources and suppliers public. The regulation also suggests that parents should eat with students at school in order to provide advice on food safety and nutrition. Schools must find out food safety problems and solve them right away. “If a school is caught buying low-quality food or failing to report food safety incidents(事件), the headmasters will be warned, fired or handed over to law enforcement,” the regulation says.
1.Who introduced the new food safety regulation?A.The government. 　　B.Parents.C.Headmasters.　　D.China Daily.2.What does the underlined word “moldy” mean in Chinese?A.破旧的　　B.发霉的　　C.乏味的　　D.无聊的3.How do schools carry out the new regulation?A.By building more than one dining hall.B.By improving the conditions of their dining halls.C.By allowing teachers and students to eat together.D.By showing the public where their food comes from.
4.What do we know from Paragraph 5?A.Food safety problems can be easily solved.B.Teenagers should go home to eat meals every day.C.Parents are worried about food safety in schools.D. Parents should play a part in improving food safety in schools. 5.What is the passage mainly about?A.Students’ eating habits.B.School headmasters.C.Food safety in schools.D.Parent-teacher relationship.
答案语篇解读本文表明校园食品安全引起了人们的关注。1.A    细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句可知答案。2.B    词义猜测题。此处表示发霉的西红柿和洋葱被找到,故选B。3.D    细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“make information about food sources and suppliers public”可知,要公示食品来源。故选D。4.D    推理判断题。由本段的内容可知,家长应该多关注学校食品安全。5.C    主旨大意题。由文章的主要内容可知,本文谈论的是学校食品安全。
话题二　历史、社会与文化Passage 3(2020泉州质检,B)　　Every year,the UK holds the National Cat Awards in London.The awards go to the most outstanding cats from around the country.Please have a look at this year’s winners.The Hero Cat    One afternoon,Cleo suddenly started behaving strangely by running up and down the stairs.Seeing this,Pauline knew something must be wrong.So when her husband Richard said he felt great pains in his chest,she quickly called 999.Later,doctors said that Richard had suffered(遭受)a serious heart attack(发病).Cleo stayed at Richard’s side until he was fully recovered.Cleo was chosen as this year’s Hero Cat.She saved her owner’s life.The Most Caring Cat    
Jack Dignam used to be a soldier.For him,3-year-old Elias is more than a pet.When he came back from war,Dignam suffered from a serious mental sickness.He refused to talk to anyone.It was then that Elias came into his life.By jumping up and down to draw Dignam’s attention,Elias gave Dignam hope.He helped the man en-joy everyday life again.Elias has won the Most Caring Cat Award for taking care of his owner.The Most Unusual Cat Nelson is a 2l-year-old cat.He has certainly used up a few of his nine lives.Ten years ago,he was put into a big bag and thrown into the sea.Fortunately,a fisherman saved him.Nelson then spent a few years living with fish-ermen by the sea.He lost an eye when a group of young people threw rocks at him.Luckily,in 2009,he was picked to live with a loving family.In 2014,Nelson had cancer.However,with his strong will,he amazed every-one again.
1.Which of the following is True according to the passage?A.The awards are handed out in Oxford.B.Cats from different countries can win the awards.C.Winners will be given lots of money.D.The UK hands out the awards every year.2.Cleo suddenly started behaving strangely one afternoon because　　    .A.something was wrong with her legsB.she wanted Pauline to help RichardC.someone would break into the houseD.Pauline was having a serious heart attack
3.Elias won the Most Caring Cat Award for　　    .A.saving his owner’s life successfullyB.taking care of his owner during the warC.helping his owner to get well againD.looking after his owner in the hospital4.Which of the following is a part of Nelson’s life?A.He was forced to jump into the sea.B.He suffered from cancer and died in 2014.C.He lost an eye when hit with a stick.D.He lived with fishermen by the sea for years.
5.Which is the best title for this passage?A.National Cat AwardsB.All Kinds of Cats on ShowC.People’s Pets—CatsD.Awards for Cats and People
答案语篇解读本文主要介绍了在英国伦敦颁发的国家猫奖,分别叙述了“英雄猫”“最贴心猫”“最不可思议猫”三个奖项得主的故事。1.D　根据文章第一段中的Every year,the UK holds the National Cat Awards in London.可知选D。2.B　根据第二段中的One afternoon,Cleo suddenly started behaving strangely by running up and down the stairs.Seeing this,Pauline knew something must be wrong.可知选B。3.C　根据第三段中的It was then that Elias came into his life.By jumping up and down to draw Dignam’s at-tention,Elias gave Dignam hope.He helped the man enjoy everyday life again.可知选C。4.D　根据文章第四段中的Fortunately,a fisherman saved him.Nelson then spent a few years living with fish-ermen by the sea.可知选D。5.A　由文章内容可知选A。
Passage 4(2020厦门双十中学阶段考试,D)　　Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life.For my job, there are three important things that I will consider:The first one—that I must work in an area I like—is the most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you won’t have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there. All this is possible only if I like what I do.The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a difference and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also
like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family.The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army, training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my work.I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper cours-es, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life.
1.According to the passage, a good job choice probably makes people　　    .A.solve fewer problemsB.choose a good lifeC.be good family membersD.provide hard things2.The writer considers an enjoyable job most important because　　    .A.he has to bring out his bestB.it can make him more creativeC.he will have to work another dayD.it is possible for him to live better
3.The underlined word “remunerated” in the passage means “　　    ”.A.trained　　B.praised　    C.accepted　　D.paid4.The writer wants to tell us that everyone should　　    .A.become a knowledgeable personB.join the army to become a better personC.make preparations to find a satisfying jobD.help young people to choose an interesting job5.“　　    ” is the best title for the passage.A.My Job ChoiceB.My Favorite JobC.My Comfortable LifeD.My Sense of Satisfaction
答案语篇解读选择好的工作几乎就等于选择好的生活。作者重点向我们介绍了他在选择自己的工作时会考虑的几个方面。1.B　根据Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life.可知,选择好的工作几乎就是选择好的生活,故选B。2.B　根据I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative.可知作者认为一个令人愉快的工作最重要的是使他更具有创造性。故选B。3.D　根据下文中的so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money可知选D。4.C　根据全文内容可知,作者想告诉我们每个人都应该为找到满意的工作做好准备。故选C。5.A　根据Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life.可知,最好的题目应为“我的工作选择”。故选A。
Passage 5(2019福州质检,B)　　In English, the word “pig” has many idioms(习语). Now, in the Year of the Pig, why not pick up some of them? Let’s begin with some very interesting expressions. We all know pigs spend a large amount of time eating. As a result, many pigs are fat. In English, we use the idiom“eat like a pig”to describe people who eat a lot. But it can be rude to use this idiom. Another interesting idiom to learn is “lipstick(口红)on a pig”. While you think this expression describes a beautiful thing, the opposite is true. We use this idiom to say that no matter how well we decorate an ugly prod-uct, it is still ugly. Even the most expensive lipstick cannot fix it!“Pigs might fly”is an idiom widely used in daily life. It’s used to show that you do not believe something
will ever happen. For example, Rick has been smoking for twenty years. Once he said he would give it up. His friends all laughed and said, “Yes, and pigs might fly.”The last idiom we are going to learn is“guinea pig”. The guinea pig is actually not a pig. It is a rat that has short legs and no tail. Many children keep the animal as a pet. But if we say someone is used as a guinea pig, it means new ideas, methods, or medical treatments are tested on them.1.What’s the best title of the passage?A.Pig Idioms　　B.Year of the PigC.Different Pigs　　D.Habits of the Pig
2.Putting a new cover on a broken phone is just like　　    .A.eating like a pigB.decorating a flying pigC.putting lipstick on a pigD.keeping a guinea pig3.　　    has the similar meaning to “pigs might fly”.A.太阳从西边出来　　B.竹篮打水一场空C.失败乃成功之母　　D.磨刀不误砍柴工4.Cindy likes creating her own dishes. She always uses her husband as a guinea pig to　　    .A.cook for her　　B.try her new dishesC.do some cleaning　　D.buy the latest cookbook
5.Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage?(P=Paragraph)
答案语篇解读本文介绍了几个有关“猪”的习语。1.A    主旨大意题。由第一段的内容可知,本文介绍了有关“猪”的习语。2.C    推理判断题。由第三段可知,“给猪抹口红”用来表示丑陋的东西无论怎样修饰它还是丑陋的。3.A    推理判断题。由第四段可知,“pigs might fly”用来表达你不相信某件事会发生。故选A。4.B    推理判断题。由文章最后一句可知,“guinea pig”用来表示在某人身上尝试新的方法等。5.A    推理判断题。文章第一段做总述,第二、三、四、五段分别介绍一个习语,是总分结构,故选A。
Passage 6(2019漳州质检,A)
　　People in different countries have different Internet habits. In fact, people are spending more and more time online these days. A new report shows how much time people spend online. It says people spend an average(平均)of 6 hours and 42 minutes a day online. According to the report, people in Philippines use the Internet the most. They spent an average of 10 hours and 2 minutes a day online in 2018. Brazil came in second, with 9 hours and 29 minutes, followed by Thailand, Colombia and Indonesia. There are many reasons for these high numbers. Sonia Livingstone, a professor(教授)at the London School of Economics and Political Science, said, “Many people work online. More and more jobs, like driving for Uber, need the use of an app.”
1.According to the report, people in　　    use the Internet the least.A.Philippines　　B.JapanC.Brazil　　D.China2.According to the report, how many countries are below the average time in using the Internet?A.3. 　　B.4. 　　C.5. 　　D.6. 3.How much time does a Brazilian spend a day online in 2018 according to the report?A.6h 42m. 　B.9h 11m. 　C.9h 29m. 　D.5h 52m. 4.What is the main reason for the high number of Internet users according to Sonia Livingstone?A.Working.　　B.Studying.C.Playing games.　　D.Travelling.
5.The writer wants to tell us　　    .A.the Internet habits of some countriesB.different time in different countriesC.the number of Internet users in some countriesD.the reasons for the high number of Internet users
答案语篇解读不同国家的人们拥有不同的上网习惯。 本文介绍了几个国家的人均上网时间以及上网时间长的原因 。1.B    细节理解题。由右边的图示可知,日本人上网的时间最少。2.A    细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,平均上网时间为6小时42分,结合右边图示可知,低于该时间的有3个国家。3.C    细节理解题。由右边图示第二行可知,巴西的平均上网时间为9h 29m。4.A    由第三段第二句可知,人们上网的主要原因是工作。5.A    主旨大意题。由文章第一句可知,本文讲述了不同国家人们的不同上网习惯。
Passage 7(2019泉州质检,D)Studying different languages increases our understanding of how humans communicate and their different cul-tures. However, almost 80% of the people in the world speak only 1% of its languages. Every 14 days a lan-guage dies. By 2100, half of the more than 7,000 languages spoken on Earth today may disappear. Throughout history, the languages of dominant(统治的)groups have spread while the languages of native cul-tures have become extinct. This happens because of government language policies, or because the dominant language becomes more useful in everyday life. Furthermore, many endangered languages aren’t written down. When the last speakers of a language die and their language becomes extinct, their stories, songs, and other important information are lost, too. Central South America has some of the world’s most endangered languages. The Kallawaya people speak a secret language that has details of thousands of medical plants. Today, fewer than 100 people speak it. In Cen-
tral and Eastern Siberia, many Siberian languages now have only a few elderly speakers. Yuchi, which may be unrelated to any other language in the world, is one of the many native languages used in Oklahoma, the U. S. A. It is disappearing rapidly. In 2010, only five elderly people could speak this language. Luckily, native cultures around the world are using modern technology to help keep their endangered languages and cultures alive. Communities are creating dictionaries and libraries by using pictures, video and audio to record the traditions of the last speakers of their language. If the young people don’t speak and understand the words and stories of their ancestors(祖先), the language will die. And when the language dies, part of the cul-ture dies, too.
1.The underlined word“extinct”probably means　　    .A.繁荣　　B.消亡　　C.古老　　D.时尚2.What do the native languages in Central Siberia and Oklahoma have in common?A.Both of them are secret languages.B.Fewer people can speak them today.C.They may be unrelated to other languages.D.They are both spoken mainly by teenagers. 3.To save a language, it is the most important for　　    to learn it.A.young people　    B.parentsC.scientists　    D.dominant groups
4.What are the reasons why native languages die?①the small number of speakers②the wide spread of the dominant languages③the use of modern technology④the language policies the governments carry outA.①②③　　B.①②④C.①③④　　D.②③④5.What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?A. It’s necessary to study more languages.B.It’s good for people to speak the same language.C.Preventing the loss of the world’s languages is important.D.Protecting languages is more important than protecting cultures.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文, 介绍了人类语言种类正在快速减少, 人们应该拯救这些语言。1.B    词义猜测题。此处表示本土文化语言会消亡。2.B    细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“a few elderly speakers”“five elderly people”可知答案。3.A    细节理解题。由第四段第三句可知答案。4.B    推理判断题。由第二段中的government language policies和dominant language以及第三段可知选B。5.C    主旨大意题。由文章可知,本文呼吁人们保护正在消失的语言。
Passage 8(2019厦门质检,A)　　Every year, students from all walks of life have the chance to take part in the Scripps National Spelling Bee, one of the nation’s oldest and most popular competitions. What is your guerdon for studying spelling? If you’re Sameer Mishra, the winner in 2008, knowing how to spell “guerdon” means you can get the scholarships(奖学金), the cash(现金)prizes, and the title of the best speller in the United States. This competition has challenged students since 1925. Students under the age of 15 train year-round for a chance to show their spelling skills to the world. Round 1 of the spelling bee is a written test. All other rounds are oral(口头的) competitions. In the final rounds, spellers have one chance to spell a word correctly before you fail in the competition. It’s an event that requires a lot of confidence.
1. Which final word did Sukanya Roy spell correctly in 2011?A.Cymotrichous.　　B.Guetapens.C.Knaidel.　　D.Feuilleton. 2.Who can compete in the Scripps National Spelling Bee?A.Jack, 14 years old.　　B.Kelly, 16 years old.C.Tony, 18 years old.　　D.Cathy, 20 years old. 3.Which student won the competition by spelling the word “marocain”?A.Vanya Shivashankar.　　B.Nihar Saireddy Janga.C.Ananya Vinay.　　D.Karthik Nemmani.
4.What do the students do in Round 1?A.Win scholarships.　　B.Get cash prizes.C.Take a written test.　　D.Have oral competitions. 5.Which is TRUE about the Scripps National Spelling Bee?A.It has begun since 2008.B.It is a popular spelling competition.C.The winning word was confidence.D.The winner in 2010 was Kavya Shivashankar.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了全美拼字比赛。1.A    细节理解题。由表格的第五行(2011)可知,Sukanya Roy拼对的最后一个单词是cymotrichous。2.A    细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,15岁以下的学生可以参加比赛。3.C    细节理解题。由表格倒数第二行可知答案。4.C    细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知,比赛第一阶段是笔试。5.B    推理判断题。由第一段可知B项正确。
话题三　科普知识与现代技术Passage 9(2020龙岩质检,D)
　　What is Beidou?Beidou is a navigation(导航)satellite system.It is developed by China.China is the third country in the world to have its own navigation satellite system.With Beidou,China no longer has to rely on foreign systems.This is very important for national safety.
The research and development of Beidou began in 1994.However,the first two Beidou satellites were not sent into space until 2000.Since then,China has launched dozens of Beidou satellites.These satellites have formed a global network.Now,China is further improving the system.The BDS-3 system will be fully completed in June,2020,with the launch of the last satellite.The Beidou Navigation Satellite System will be more powerful than any other navigation satellite system in the world.Yang Changfeng is a designer of Beidou.He said the system can notice the sway(晃动)of a building in strong winds.Beidou has brought much benefit(益处)to our lives.In many cities,thousands of buses have been using Beidou.When we are waiting for a bus,we can know when it is about to come.Many smartphones have also been using Beidou.“Many people say,’Let me turn on my GPS.’In fact,their phones are using Beidou,”jokes a sales-person in Beijing.
1.What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “rely on”?A.pay for　　B.learn fromC.depend on　　D.search for2.How long has passed since China launched the first Beidou satellite?A.Nearly 10 years.　　B.Nearly 20 years.C.Nearly 26 years.　　D.Nearly 30 years.3.Which of the following is TRUE about the BDS-3 system?A.It can control a building in strong winds.B.It will be used in China in several years.C.Many buses and smartphones will use it.D.It will be the most powerful in the world.
4.What is the text mainly about?A.The importance of national safety.B.The Chinese own navigation satellite system.C.The history of the navigation satellite system.D.The benefit of the navigation satellite system.5.The text is probably a　　    A.report　　B.notice　　C.diary　　D.poem
答案语篇解读北斗卫星导航系统是我国自行研制的卫星导航系统。该系统于1994年开始研发,到目前为止,已成为我国最优秀的卫星导航系统。这从根本上改变了我国对国外卫星导航系统的依赖。1.C　词义猜测题。由画线词的上一句可知,中国有了自己的北斗卫星导航系统,由此推出中国将不再依赖外国的卫星导航系统。故选C。2.B　细节理解题。由第二段可知,中国于2000年发射第一颗北斗卫星。故选B。3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,北斗系统将比其他的卫星导航系统更强。故选D。4.B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是中国自己的北斗卫星导航系统和它的研发进程及其给我们的生活带来的益处,故选择B。5.A　本文主要讲的是北斗卫星导航系统和它的研发进程及其给我们的生活带来的益处,同时也讲到北斗卫星导航系统将是世界上最优秀的卫星导航系统。故选A。
Passage 10(2020宁德质检,D)　　I often think of the world as separated into countries, but when I look at the planet from space, I am sur-prised at what I have seen. Our planet is shaped by nature’s forces and the long time. Six months is a long time to spend away from Earth. But I was proud to be a spaceman. I loved living and work-ing on the International Space Station(ISS). During my stay in space about two years ago, what surprised me most was just how fragile(脆弱的)and far our planet is. While Earth seems to be a lively and surprising oasis(绿洲)of life, it also seems dangerous and small when hit by a dropping of hundred billions of stars. This point shows the importance of the work we are doing on ISS—scientific study for the benefit(益处)of peo-ple on Earth while also trying to understand human existence(存在)in the universe. After the space station is handed over to the government in the mid-2020s, the European Space Agency, together with international part-ners, will help build a smaller space station called the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway. It will act as a starting
point for both studying the moon and Mars. Ahead of human flying to Mars, some robots such as ESA’S Ex-oMars 2020 will fly to Mars for eight months and take the soil on Mars in the spring 2020 in order to find whether there is life there. Having enjoyed the beauty of Earth from space, I am only to know that we must pay attention to making sure our earth is still a safe place to support human life. But outside this blue oasis there is the whole universe to study, and we’ve only studied a little. Exciting times are waiting for us. 1.How long has the man stayed in the universe?A.For eight months. 　　B.For two years. C.For three weeks.　　D.For half a year.
2.When staying in space, the man found that the earth is　　    . A.big　　B.smallC.wonderful　　D.bright3.Why does ExoMars 2020 plan to fly to Mars?A.To prove whether humans are alone in the universe. B.To take some earth on Mars for further study. C.To understand why humans live in the universe. D.To help international partners to build space stations.
4.What may “I” in the article write in the next paragraph?A.His more interesting travel in the universe. B.More important studies about the universe. C.The benefits of humans’ living on the earth. D.The way of keeping our earth safe and clean. 5.What would be the best title of the passage?A.Beyond Our Blue OasisB.On the Dangerous Planet C.About Our Earth ProtectionD.In the Lunar Orbital Platform
答案语篇解读本文主要讲述了主人公在外太空遥望地球的所见所想。1.D　根据第二段第一句话Six months is a long time to spend away from Earth“可知作者在太空生活了6个月,也就是半年,故选D。2.B　根据第二段最后两句话可知,作者在太空遥望地球,发现地球很小,故选B。3.A　根据第三段some robots...fly to Mars...in order to find wether there is life there可知选A。4.D    文章最后一段提出,作者经历过太空旅行之后,深刻认识到保护地球、保护生命的重要性,因此接下来应该是讲述具体的做法,告诉人们该如何保护地球,因此选D。5.C　在文章开始的时候作者讲述了自己在太空中的所见所想,进而引出建立太空站,更多地探索太空,从而提出保护地球就是保护人类自己的观点,因此选C。
Passage 11(2019福建质检,C)　　We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak. Grass doesn’t cry when you cut it;flowers don’t shout when they’re picked. But this view of the world couldn’t be more wrong. Plants talk to each other all the time. Their language is one of chemicals. Over the years, scientists have found that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, send compounds(复合物)into the air to help neighboring plants. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still a mystery. Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects. To start out, they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube(管子). One plant had been bitten by insects. The other was not bitten.
They found that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants don’t sit quietly. They send a chemical called“hexvic”into the air. Humans can’t notice it, but the chemical carrys a smell that neighboring plants can no-tice. This way, neighboring plants realize the danger and begin to give off more “hexvic” to protect them-selves. The same scientists continued their research by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten. The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders, much more than their neighbor. “It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn’t send the chemical until they received a warn-ing message from their infested(受侵的)neighbor,” the scientists said. These findings could be used to help farmers with the control of the insects which do harm to their plants.
1. When bitten by insects, the tomato plants　　    .A.stayed quiet without doing anythingB.died immediately after thatC.sent out a chemical to warn othersD.wouldn’t be hurt again by the same insects2.What does the underlined word “invaders”in Paragraph 5 refer to?A.Scientists.　　B.Insects.C.Compounds.　　D.Farmers.3.What can we learn from the research?A.Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects.B.The smell of “hexvic” is a kind of warning message.C.“Hexvic” can help plants kill all the insects near them.D.Plants won’t give off chemicals until they are hurt.
4.Which of the following is True according to the passage?A.Plants don’t communicate with each other.B.Scientists did the research with two plants bitten by insects.C.The findings of the research help farmers to protect their plants.D.Communication among plants is no longer a mystery. 5.What’s the best title of the passage?A.Growing TomatoesB.Talking PlantsC.Harmful ChemicalsD.Scientific Researches
答案语篇解读本文是一篇科普类文章。 告诉人们植物也会通过释放化学物质来相互“交谈”。1.C    细节理解题。由第四段内容可知,植物被昆虫咬后,会向空气中发送一种化学物质来警告其他植物。2.B    词义猜测题。画线词的前一句提到:科学家将昆虫投放在没被咬的植物上,植物可以杀死将近百分之五十的入侵者。可知画线词指投放的昆虫。3.B    推理判断题。由第四段最后两句可知,“hexvic”的气味是一种警告信号。4.C    细节理解题。由文章最后一句可以得出答案。5.B    主旨大意题。由文章第一段最后两句及全文内容可知,文章主要讲述的是植物通过一种化学物质交谈。
Passage 12(2019漳州质检,D)
　　Why do zebras have stripes(条纹)? Scientists might have the answer. They say the stripes seem to confuse flies. They are less likely to bite zebras. Scientists did a new study. They studied horses. They studied zebras. They also studied horses dressed as ze-bras. The scientists learned that stripes might help to stop insects. The study also helped find out why. Martin How is a scientist. He worked on the study. He said they watched horseflies. They watched how horseflies acted around nine horses and three zebras. Horseflies flew around the animals and then more flies landed on the horses. Fewer flies landed on the zebras. The scientists wanted to know why. So the scientists did a test. They put black, white and zebra-striped coats on seven horses. The flies did not land on the zebra-striped coat as much as the others.
The stripes did not confuse flies from far away, the scientists said. It only worked when the flies got close. The flies cannot see very well. That might be the reason. Mr. How said that zebras come from parts of the world where flies are a bigger problem. They carry bad diseases. Horses are different from zebras. They have lived in different environments. Diseases from flies are not so bad there, he said. He added that this might not be the full story. Scientists think stripes could have other uses. They could help ze-bras hide. They could even be part of how zebras communicate with each other.
1.What does the word “confuse” mean in Paragraph 1?A.Attract.　　B.Puzzle.　　C.Clear.　　D.Catch.2.Scientists put zebra-striped coats on the horses to　　    .A.see if the stripes keep flies awayB.protect the horses from bad diseasesC.prove that the horses look like zebrasD.keep flies from flying around the horses3.What does the underlined word“They”refer to in Paragraph 4?A.Horses. 　　B.Flies. 　　C.Zebras. 　　D.Butterflies.
4.Why do scientists want to learn more about zebras’ stripes?A.Because they want to study zebras’ living environment.B.Because they want to make new zebra-striped clothing.C.Because they think stripes could help zebras hide or communicate.D.Because they think stripes might cause zebras to get serious diseases. 5. What’s the best title of the passage?A.A Special SurveyB.The Zebra and the HorseC.The Secrets of Zebras’ StripesD.The Influence of the Environment
答案语篇解读本文是科普说明文。介绍了斑马条纹的作用。1.B    词义猜测题。由该词的后一句(苍蝇较少可能咬斑马)可知,confuse意为“使迷惑”。2.A    推理判断题。由文章第三段的内容可推出,科学家把条纹外套披在马身上是想看看条纹是否会让苍蝇远离。3.B    词义猜测题。由该词前一句中的“flies are a bigger problem”可知they指flies。4.C    推理判断题。由文章最后两句可知答案。5.C    主旨大意题。由文章的主要内容(科学家研究斑马的条纹)可知答案。
　　Earlier this year, China achieved a new landmark in space exploration. On Jan. 3, Chang’e 4 became the first space probe in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon, People’s Daily reported. From Earth, we can only see one side of the moon. The other side has been a mystery. Scientists have long wondered what is on this side of the moon. Chang’e 4 can’t communicate with Earth directly. But Queqiao, a relay satellite(中继卫星), can help us stay in touch. Queqiao was sent into space in May. After Chang’e 4 landed on the moon, it took pictures and sent them back to the Earth through Queqiao. Chang’e 4 has sent back photos of the far side of the moon. It is also being used to carry out experiments, such as growing seeds in a low-gravity environment. The data(数据) collected from these experiments could be used to help us build a base on the moon in the future. The success of the Chang’e 4 mission is a major achievement of China’s space program. It marks a new
Passage 13(2019宁德质检)
stage in China’s deep space exploration, said Wu Yanhua. China launched its lunar exploration program in 2004, naming it Chang’e. Chinese scientists set three goals—“orbiting(环绕运行), landing and sample returning”—referring to launching probes that could circle around the moon, touch down on its surface and bring lunar materials back to Earth. Chang’e 4 has realised the second goal. The third will be achieved during the Chang’e 5 mission, which is set to take place before the end of this year, China Daily reported. Following the success of the Chang’e missions, Chinese scientists are looking even farther into(调查) our so-lar system. China’s first Mars mission is expected to be carried out by 2020, Wu said.
1.　　    reported that Chang’e 4 has successfully landed on the far side of the moon.A.People’s DailyB.China DailyC.Chinese scientists D.Wu Yanhua 2. Why was Queqiao set up?A.To take photos.B.To be sent into space.C.To keep in touch with the Earth.D.To grow seeds on the moon.
3.What does the underlined “It” refer to in Paragraph 5?A.The Chang’e 4 probe.B.A base on the moon in the future.C.China’s space program.D.The success of the Chang’e 4 mission. 4.What’s the third goal of Chang’e?A.Circle around the moon.B.Bring lunar materials back to the Earth.C.Send people to the moon.D.Land on the surface of the moon.
5.What can we infer from the passage?A.Chang’e 5 will be China’s last lunar exploration program.B.China has not launched any space probes to Mars so far.C.Chang’e 4 has uncovered the secrets of the far side of the moon.D.China launched its space exploration program fifteen years ago.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍嫦娥四号成功登陆月球背面的伟大历史时刻以及中国航空工程的发展。1.A    细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知答案。2.C    细节理解题。由第三段内容可知,鹊桥是嫦娥四号与地球联系的中继卫星。3.D    词义猜测题。由画线词的前一句可知,It指代嫦娥四号任务的成功。4.B    细节理解题。由文章第六段中的sample returning和bring lunar...Earth可确定答案。5.C    推理判断题。由文章第一段可以推测出,嫦娥四号登陆月球背面,即发现月球背面的秘密。
Passage 14(2019莆田质检,D)
　　Shanghai vice-mayor Wu Qing made the world’s first 5G video call on March 30, 2019, in Hongkou, Shanghai. Now 5G, fifth-generation mobile communication technology, is coming. Compared with 2G , 3G and 4G, 5G is not independent and brand-new. It is further development of present mobile communication technology. 5G makes information break through the limitation of time and space, providing a more wonderful user experience. It will influence all areas of the society in the future, such as industrial machines, farming equipment, transportation and so on. It’s much faster than 4G—the 5G mobile network is more than one hundred times faster than the 4G mobile network. It will also realize the general hope of “Get the information whenever you want and all things on earth are at your fingertips.”
In recent years, China has paid great attention to the use of 5G and made great efforts to develop 5G network. China is expected to become the world’s largest 5G market by 2025 with 460 million users, China Daily re-ported. The user number in China is expected to be higher than that of Europe(205 million )and the United States (187 million)combined(总和的). Backed by 5G, China’s mobile ecosystem(生态系统)is expected to add 6 trillion yuan in value to the national economy(经济)in 2023, up from 5.2 trillion yuan last year, said the GSMA report.
1.Shanghai vice-mayor Wu Qing made the video call through a　　    network. A.2G　　B.3G　　C.4G　　D.5G2.What does the underlined word “brand-new” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?A.全新的　　B.清新的　　C.新潮的　　D.新款的3.Paragraph 3 is mainly about　　    .A.the advantages of 5GB.the functions of 5GC.the importance of 5GD.the development of 5G
4.According to China Daily, the user number of 5G in China may be　　    by 2025.A.187 million　　B.205 millionC.392 million　　D.460 million5.Which of the following is True?A.5G is quite independent of 4G.B.Everyone could make a 5G video call in 2018. C.The 5G mobile network is over 100 times faster than the 4G mobile network.D.China’s national economy may increase to 5.2 trillion yuan in 2023.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了5G移动通信技术的迅速发展。1.D    细节理解题。由文章第一句可知答案。2.A    词义猜测题。此处表示5G并不是独立的和全新的,它是当前手机通信技术的进一步发展,故答案为A。3.A    主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了5G的优点。4.D    细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句可知答案。5.C    推理判断题。由第三段第三句可以推出正确选项为C。
Passage 15(2018福州质检,D)In one way, it is the“greatest”drone ever. In another, though, it is the opposite of what a drone should be. Drones should be very lazy. They don’t have to work. Only their sisters should be busy pollinating (给……传授花粉) and producing honey. However, for this drone, pollination is the very reason for its existence(存在).The drone, in fact, is an invention of Eijiro Miyako. Miyako is a scientist from Japan. Many people, including Miyako, have been worried about the future of the food industry. Pollinating insects, especially bees, are falling in number. As a result, some plants can’t get pollinated and there will be fewer plants for us to eat. Scientists have been working hard to increase the number of bees. Unfortunately, they have had little success. Perhaps, Miyako thinks, it is time to build some robot bees instead.Miyako’s bee, in fact, does not look much like a bee. It is based on a quadcopter. Miyako has put some brush hairs on it. The hairs are covered in special glue. They are able to pick up and hold grains of pollen (花粉)until
they brush up against something else.At the moment, Miyako’s robot bee still needs help from human operators. That’s because it can’t “see” where its targets (目标) are. In the next step, Miyako will install visual recognition (视觉识别) software on his bee. After that the robot bee will be able to “see” by itself.1.In the first paragraph, the underlined word “drone” refers to a kind of 　　    .A.flower　　B.bee　　C.honey 　　D.robot2.Eijiro Miyako is worried that　　     in the future.A.we may be short of foodB.natural bees may not produce honeyC.his robot bee can’t “see”D.natural drones can’t pollinate plants
3.Eijiro Miyako’s invention is used to　　    .A.produce honey B.watch natural bees workC.pollinate plants D.increase the number of natural bees4.Which of the following is a must for Eijiro Miyako’s invention?A.Pollen.B.Drones and their sisters.C.Brush hairs.D.Visual recognition software.
5.According to the article, what will Eijiro Miyako do in the next step?A.Produce more robot bees.B.Fill his garden with robot bees.C.Allow robot bees to pick up pollen.D.Make his robot bees work independently.
答案语篇解读随着蜜蜂数量的下降,科学家们担心人类将得不到足够的植物食用。因此用于传粉的“机器蜂”就诞生了。1.B    词义猜测题。从第一段中的pollinating和producing honey可知此处的“drone”指一种蜜蜂。2.A    细节理解题。从第二段中的As a result, some plants can’t get pollinated and there will be fewer plants for us to eat.可知选A。3.C    细节理解题。从第三段中的They are able to pick up and hold grains of pollen until they brush up a-gainst something else.可知答案。4.C    细节理解题。从第三段中的Miyako has put some brush hairs on it.可知答案。5.D    推理判断题。从第四段可知,“机器蜂”需要人的帮助,因此下一步研究应当是让它们独立工作。
话题四　人际关系和社会关系Passage 16(2020厦门双十中学阶段考试,A)　　Smith had to drive across the Sahara Desert. It was a journey across hundreds of miles of an empty desert.After he had been driving for a few hours, there was a sandstorm. His car left the road and then broke down.Smith began walking across the hot sand in the sun. He hoped he would soon reach the road again.Soon, his tongue was thick with thirst. He needed water, but everywhere he looked there was nothing except sand.Smith kept walking. Then, about an hour later, a man riding a camel came into sight. Smith waved to him. The man on the camel rode up to him and stopped.“Please,” Smith said. “I am dying of thirst. Let me have some of your water.”The man slowly shook his head. “You can’t have any water,” he said. “But I’ll sell you a beautiful tie.”
“I don’t want a tie!” Smith shouted at him furiously. “I need water.”But the man turned away quickly and rode off.Smith continued walking. Two hours later, he met another man riding a camel. This time he asked if he could buy some water, but the man refused, saying, “No, but I’ll sell you a tie.”Angrily, Smith turned away from him and continued walking.Three hours later, by which time he was near death, Smith saw a large hotel in the distance. It stood alone in the middle of the desert, surrounded by palm trees.Smith managed to reach the main entrance. He was about to enter the hotel when the doorman stopped him.“Hey!” he said. “This is a first-class hotel. You can’t come in without a tie.”
1.Picture　　    shows the right place where the story happened.2.The man on the camel offered Smith　　    .A.some water to drink　　B.a ride on his camelC.the name of a hotel　　D.a beautiful tie3.The underlined word “furiously” in the passage probably means “　　    ”.A.angrily　　B.worriedlyC.nervously　　D.sadly
4.Smith met　　    person(s) in the story.A.one　　B.two　　C.three　　D.four5.According to the passage, Smith will be allowed to enter the hotel if　　    .A.he drives a car　　B.he tips the doormanC.he has enough water　　D.he wears a tie
答案语篇解读史密斯在沙漠中口渴了,在找水的路上遇到两个人,他们都不给史密斯水,而是要给他领带,史密斯拒绝了。后来,史密斯看到一家大酒店,想要进去,门童不让他进去,因为他没有领带。1.C　根据Smith had to drive across the Sahara Desert.可知,故事发生在沙漠里,故选C。2.D　根据sell you a beautiful tie可知,骑骆驼的人提供的是领带,故选D。3.A　根据语境,史密斯此时迫切需要水,那个人却给他领带,此时他的情绪应该是生气,故选A。4.C　联系上下文可知,史密斯遇到两个骑骆驼的人、一个门童,共三人,选C。5.D　根据门童说的You can’t come in without a tie可知,进饭店需要打领带,故选D。
话题五　人物故事Passage 17(2020厦门双十中学阶段考试,C)Pearl S. Buck was the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. She wrote more than one hundred books. But most people remember Pearl S. Buck for her novels about China. She knew the country and its people very well. For nearly forty years, China was her home.Pearl’s parents were Caroline and Absalom Sydenstricker. They were religious(宗教的)workers in China. In 1892, they were visiting the United States when Pearl was born in Hillsboro, West Virginia. Three months after her birth, the family left the United States and moved back to China.Pearl and her family lived among Chinese people. Pearl’s education began at home. Her mother taught her many of the things she would have learned in an American school. A Chinese tutor taught Pearl other subjects including the writings of the famous thinker Confucius, Chinese reading, writing and history. When she was seven, she began reading the works of British writer Charles Dickens. Many years later, after she had become a famous author, she said that Dickens’ writing style had the greatest influence on her own style.
　　Her first novel was East Wind, West Wind. It tells the story of a Chinese girl who learns about the western world. But it was Pearl S. Buck’s next book The Good Earth that made her famous and brought her the money she needed. And it became the best-selling book in the United States in 1931 and 1932. Pearl S. Buck won the Pulitzer Prize. The next year, Pearl S. Buck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.After almost forty years in China, the writer moved back to the United States. Pearl S. Buck gave many speech-es in America. She talked to young people about the importance of a good education. She told them they needed to know more about other people around the world.
1.What do most people remember Pearl S. Buck for?A.Her famous speeches.B.Her special experience.C.Her novels about China.D.Her winning the Nobel Prize.2.Who affected Pearl S. Buck’s writing style most greatly?A.Her tutor.　　B.Confucius.C.Her mother.　　D.Charles Dickens.3.What can we infer about Pearl S. Buck?A.The first prize she won was the Nobel Prize.B.She paid much attention to the education of young people.C.She was born in China and lived there for 40 years.D.Her first novel made her famous and wealthy.
4.What helped Pearl become well-known and earn money?A.East Wind, West Wind.B.The Pulitzer Prize.C.The Nobel Prize.D.The Good Earth.5.What is the best title of the passage?A.Introduction of Pearl S. BuckB.Forty Years in ChinaC.The First Nobel Prize WinnerD.Chinese and American Education
答案1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句But most people remember Pearl S. Buck for her novels about China.可知选C。2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的she said that Dickens’ writing style had the greatest influence on her own style可知选D。3.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句She talked to young people about the importance of a good ed-ucation.可知她非常重视年轻人的教育,故选B。4.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句But it was Pearl S. Buck’s next book The Good Earth that made her famous and brought her the money she needed.可知选D。5.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍的是Pearl S. Buck,故选A。
In the early ’60s, with the help of artists such as Jack Kirby, he created more human superheroes who lived in the real world. They were not as perfect as the heroes at that time and they fought against everyday difficulties. From then on, Marvel characters are known the world over. Marvel films and TV series(连续剧)have become huge successes. Just as his favorite saying “Excelsior!” which means moving on, he kept working for his superhero dream to the end of his life.
Passage 18(2019厦门质检,D)　　There are always people who have a hero dream in mind. Although they lived thousands of miles away from each other, the two dream-makers Stan Lee and Jin Yong made their heroes well-known to the whole world. Stan Lee, the father of Marvel Comics, created a dream world with a list of superheroes, including Spider-Man and Iron Man.
Jin Yong was considered as one of the greatest kung fu novel writers in China. And for many people, he made a jianghu that they could run into. Jin wrote all of his 15 wuxia books between 1955 and 1972. While the values and tastes of readers have changed greatly, his books and the heroes he created continue to attract people. His works have been made into movies, TV series and even video games. Jin is very good at using the language. His stories are always full of rich history; kung fu is described in detail(细节). Boston University professor Petrus Liu said, “He turns novels into an encyclopedia of Chinese history, medicine, geography, philosophy(哲学)...Nobody ever does that.”
1.Why were Stan Lee’s superheroes different in the early ’60s?A.Because they were perfect heroes.B.Because they were like humans.C.Because they were very successful.D.Because they were much stronger. 2.If you were a big fan of Stan Lee, what would you post on your Weibo?A.I fell in love with kung fu after I read his books.B.Jack Kirby is Stan Lee’s best superhero in movies.C.I am always dreaming of being a hero in his Jianghu.D.He changed the way we looked at heroes. Excelsior!
3.How long did it take Jin Yong to finish all his wuxia books?A.15 years.　　B.17 years.C.19 years.　　D.21 years. 4.What does the underlined word“encyclopedia”mean in Chinese?A.百科全书　　B.中国历史C.医学丛书　　D.地理图册5.What did Stan Lee and Jin Yong have in common?A.They both told historical stories.B.They both fought against difficulties.C.They both created many heroes.D.They both made famous TV series.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了两位造梦人斯坦·李和金庸,他们都成功让自己创造的英雄闻名于世界。1.B    细节理解题。由文章第三段前两句可知,60年代早期,在Jack Kirby的帮助下,斯坦·李创造了许多在真实世界生活的超级英雄。2.D    推理判断题。由文章第四段中的Excelsior!可以推测出答案。3.B    细节理解题。由文章第六段中的“between 1955 and 1972”可以计算出:1972-1955=17年。4.A    词义猜测题。他将小说变成中国历史、医药、地理、哲学等的百科全书。5.C    细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知答案。
Passage 19(2018宁德质检,B)
On March 14, Stephen Hawking, the British physicist passed away at his home in Cambridge. Hawking is the writer of A Brief History of Time which is an international bestseller. He was an icon(偶像) for many reasons, but he will be best remembered for his work in the field of science. Building on German scientist Albert Einstein’s work, Hawking explained that space started with the Big Bang, and would end with black holes. In 2011, Hawking said that philosophical problems could be answered by science, especially new scien-tific theories which “lead us to a new and very different picture of the universe and our place in it”.
Besides his work in science, he also managed to overcome many difficulties in his personal life. At the age of 21, he was diagnosed(诊断) with a disease. His illness left him paralyzed and he was not able to walk any more. He was even told he only had a short time to live. However, as we all know, he went on to become one of the greatest minds the world has ever known. Hawking is no longer with us, but his story will continue to inspire(鼓舞) many people in the world. As he once said, “    Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Be curious(有求知欲的)    .”
1.Where did Stephen Hawking pass away?A.Germany.　　B.England.　    C.America.　　D.Canada.2.What makes people remember best about Hawking according to the passage? A.His book.　　B.His lifetime.C.His illness.　　D.His science work. 3.The underlined word “paralyzed” probably means “　　    ”.A.消沉的　　B.沮丧的　　C.瘫痪的　　D.痛苦的
4.Which of the following sentences is right?A.Hawking wrote a book named A Brief History of Time. B.Hawking didn’t become one of the greatest minds the world has ever known. C.Hawking explained his belief that space started with black holes. D.Hawking said that philosophical problems couldn’t be answered by science. 5.The underlined sentences mean that 　　    .A.we should have the spirit of exploring B.the stars are more beautiful than our feet C.we can’t lose our courage of the happy life D.we can defeat our illnesses if we don’t give up
答案语篇解读2018年3月14日,英国物理学家霍金在剑桥的家中去世。本文记叙了霍金的伟大成就以及他的遭遇。霍金的探索精神将激励人们去探索科学的奥秘。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段的内容可知霍金在剑桥去世,剑桥属于英格兰,故选B。2.D    细节理解题。由第二段中的but he will be best remembered for his work in the field of science可知选D。3.C    词义猜测题。由画线词后面的he was not able to walk any more(他不能再走路)可知选C。4.A    推理判断题。本题用排除法排除错误选项。霍金成为世人皆知的最聪明的人之一,故排除B;霍金认为宇宙起源于大爆炸,而不是黑洞,故排除C;霍金说哲学问题可以用科学回答,故排除D。霍金编写了《时间简史》,故选A。5.A    词义猜测题。霍金的话是鼓励人们要有求知欲,即探索精神。故选A。
话题六　文娱与体育Passage 20(2020厦门质检,C)　　Tokyo has announced that the 2020 Summer Olympics will be put off by a year.This is the first break the modern Olympics have faced since 1944—and only world wars have ever brought the Olympic Games to a stop.In 1904,Rome won to host the 1908 Olympics.But two years into preparations for the event,Mount Vesuvius’ erupted(爆发),causing serious destroy in the country.Rome had to give up its Olympic host.But even Mount Vesuvius’ eruption couldn’t cancel the Olympics. Instead, IOC(国际奥委会)turned to Lon-don to host the Olympics—giving the city just 10 months to prepare.London made the most of that time and even managed to build a new stadium(体育场),which was the first ever to be built especially for the Games.When World War Ⅰ broke out in 1914,Berlin was already well into its preparations to host the 1916 Olympics.
It,too,built a new stadium.However,with most of Europe at war,finally,the 1916 Games were canceled.But the Olympics restarted in Belgium in 1920.Doves(鸽子)were first sent at the opening ceremony as a symbol of peace.For the next 20 years,the Games carried on as usual and even the first Winter Olympics were started in France in 1924.Yet,due to the outbreak of World War Ⅱ,the 1940 Games were off.As the war lasted,the 1944 Games were canceled again.1.What made Rome give up hosting the Olympics?A.No stadiums.　　B.World War I.C.World War Ⅱ.　　D.Mount Vesuvius’ eruption.
2. What does “Berlin was already well into its preparations”mean?A.Berlin was chosen.　　B.Berlin was lucky.C.Berlin was refused.　　D.Berlin was ready.3.When were doves first sent as a symbol of peace?A.In the 1920 Olympics.B.In the 1924 Olympics.C.In the 1940 Olympics.D.In the 1944 Olympics.4.According to the passage, how many Olympics were canceled since 1904?A.One.　　B.Two.　　C.Three.　　D.Four.
5.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Tokyo will give up hosting the Olympic Games.B.London built a new stadium for the Olympic Games.C.Berlin instead of Rome hosted the 1908 Olympic Games.D.The first Winter Olympics were started in Belgium.
答案语篇解读东京宣布2020年夏季奥运会将推迟一年举行。这是自1944年以来现代奥运会面临的第一次中断,在此之前的历届奥运会只有因世界大战才会停办。文章简要介绍了历届被取消的奥运会。1.D　根据文章第三段可知,维苏威火山爆发导致罗马放弃了举办奥运会,故选D。2.D　根据画线处后文“It, too, built a new stadium.可知,画线处表达柏林已经为奥运会准备好了,故选D。3.A　根据文章第五段中“But the Olympics restarted in Belgium in 1920. Doves were first sent at the open-ing ceremony as a symbol of peace.”可知,A项说法符合题意,故选A。4.C　根据文章内容可知,1916年的柏林奥运会因为第一次世界大战取消,1940年和1944年连续两届的奥运会由于第二次世界大战取消,因此自1904年以来,共有3场奥运会被取消,故选C。5.B　根据文章第四段中“IOC turned to London to host the Olymics—giving the city just 10 months to pre-pare. London made the most of that time and even managed to build a new stadium, which was the first ever to be built especially for the Games.可知,B项说法符合题意。
题组一    
A(2018龙岩质检,A)
1.What’s the main topic of the 2018 China beautiful countryside tourism activities? A.Ship sailing.　　B.Natural bathing.C.Spring flower.　　D.History record.2.The number of China’s red tourism in 2017 is 　　    . A.smaller than that of 2016　　B.larger than that of 2016 C.the same as that of 2018　　D.larger than that of 2018 3.What’s the shape of Shipaiyang? A.Like two ships.　　B.Like two fishes.C.Like one tower.　　D.Like one mountain.
4.What’s Text 3 about? A.Countryside tourism.　　B.Red tourism.C.Island tourism.　　D.Forest tourism. 5.Where are the three texts probably taken from?A.A traffic map.　　B.A shopping website. C.A medical report.　　D.A travelling magazine.
答案语篇解读第一段短文介绍了2018年中国美丽乡村休闲旅游活动;第二段短文介绍了中国“红色旅游”的情况;第三段短文介绍了平潭的海岛旅游。1.C    细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的with “spring flower” as the main topic可知答案选C。2.B    细节理解题。由第二段第一句The number of China’s “red tourism” was almost three times in the first half of 2017, as compared with the same period in 2016.可知答案选B。3.A    细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的is shaped like two large ships sailing on the sea可知答案选A。4.C    主旨大意题。第三段介绍了平潭的海岛旅行,故选C。5.D    推理判断题。这三段短文都是关于旅游的,故应当是来自旅游杂志。
B(2020厦门双十中学阶段考试,B)　　You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage sorting policy. People there need to put different kinds of garbage—wet, dry, recyclable and harmful, into different bins.Other cities in China will do the same soon.
　　Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It’s because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our soil, air and water. Actually, we can make use of some garbage again. And first, we need to sort our garbage.For example, if you put an old battery into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment. Can’t facto-ries sort garbage for us? Yes, they can. But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money. If we all sort our own garbage, things will become much easier.1.Which is the first city to make a garbage-sorting policy?A.Shanghai.　　B.Beijing.C.Guangzhou.　　D.Shenzhen.
2.From Paragraph 2, we know that　　    .A.sorting garbage is easyB.all garbage is recyclableC.garbage is bad for the environmentD.we can recycle garbage before we sort it3.With the battery example, the writer tries to tell us　　    .A.how to sort our garbageB.what harmful waste isC.the importance of sorting our garbageD.the difficulty of sorting our garbage
4.From the text, we know that pens are　　    .A.harmful garbageB.recyclable garbage　　C.wet garbageD.dry garbage5.Why can’t we ask factories to sort garbage?A.Because we don’t have this kind of factory.B.Because it takes too many workers to do it.C.Because factories ask for too much money.D.Because not all garbage can go to factories.
答案语篇解读本文介绍了垃圾分类。1.A　根据 On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage sorting policy.及Other cities in China will do the same soon.可知上海是第一个实行垃圾分类的城市。故选A。2.C　根据It is bad for our soil, air and water.可知垃圾对环境有害。故选C。3.C　根据 people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment可知作者意在通过举电池的例子说明垃圾分类的重要性。故选C。4.D　根据 Dry garbage下面的It includes pens, toilet paper, tape, hair and towels.可知钢笔属于干垃圾。故选D。5.B　根据 But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money.可知故选B。
C(2019漳州质检,C)　　The Olympic Games are a big sports competition. The next Summer Olympics will be in Japan in 2020. These Olympics might be called “Robot Games”.Japan is famous for its technology. The country wants to show it. This month, people showed the robots that will be used at the Olympics. They will carry food and drinks. They can help people to their seats. Toyota is known for making cars. Now it is making robots for the Olympics. Toyota said there will be 16 robots, which will help people at the Olympics. Minoru Yamauchi, who makes new robots for Toyota, said Toyota wants to do more than making cars. It wants to help people move around. “There will be many guests in wheelchairs,” Mr. Yamauchi said. He wants them to enjoy the Games. He doesn’t want them to worry about how to get around.
Panasonic is another company in Japan. It is making a “power assist suit”. The suit is worn like a bag on your back. The suit makes it easier to pick up heavy things. Panasonic said 20 of its suits will be used at the Olympics. Yoshifumi Uchida, who works for Panasonic, said the suit was made to help older people in Japan. It can also help people do more kinds of work. Japanese technology company Fujitsu tries to carry out data capture(数据捕捉)in order to achieve fair judging(评判)support for Artistic Gymnastics. Another company, ALSOK will run business about providing security(安全)services for 2020 Olympics.
1.Why might the 2020 Olympics be called “Robot Games”?A. Because the Olympics will be a competition for making robots.B.Because people will take their robots to take part in the Olympics.C. Because there will be many robots competing with each other at the Olympics.D.Because many new kinds of robots are made to help people at the Olympics. 2.What will the robots do at the Olympics?①They will help fans who are disabled.②They will make better wheelchairs.③They will carry food and drinks.④They will help people to their seats.A.①②④　　B.①③④C.①②③　　D.②③④
3.Which of the following is being made by Panasonic for 2020 Olympics?
4.Which company may produce robots that are helpful to the judge?A.Toyota.　　B.Panasonic.　　C.Fujitsu.　　D.ALSOK.5.Japan will use robots at the Olympics for　　    .A.showing its technologyB.developing more new technologyC.making it easier to film the GamesD.adding new sports events to the Games
答案语篇解读本文讲述了下一届在日本举行的夏季奥运会将会使用机器人为奥运会服务。1.D    细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知,这个月,人们展示了将在奥运会上使用的机器人。2.B　细节理解题。由第二段最后两句及第三段最后三句可知答案为B项。3.D    细节理解题。由第四段可知答案。4.C    细节理解题。由第五段的第一句可知答案。5.A    细节理解题。由第二段前两句可知,日本因科技而出名,这个国家想在奥运会中展示一下。
D(2018泉州质检,D)Imagine you walk into a store. Strangely enough, you see no salesperson inside. You pick up things and prepare to wait in line and pay. But even more 　oddly    , there is no cashier(收银员) at all. So what has happened to this store?Well, you may have entered Tao Café, a cashless store created by Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba. In July last year, the public got to see the store for the first time at Alibaba’s Taobao Maker Festival in Hangzhou.The store sells drinks, fast food and snacks. It can hold 50 shoppers at a time. To enter and shop, people only need a smartphone with a Taobao app and an Alipay account (账户).By scanning their Taobao QR code (二维码), shoppers are followed with cameras for facial recognition(面部识别). The store has also digitalized (数字化) all goods on the shelves. So when shoppers pick up goods, the sys-
tem will be able to “watch” and “remember” their choice.When shoppers are ready to leave, they don’t wait in line to pay. Instead, they go through two checkout(结账) doors. Then the bills will automatically be paid with a Taobao account connected to Alipay.According to Alibaba, the checkout machines can recognize goods even when shoppers put them in pockets or bags. So it is almost impossible to steal things from the store.Tao Café is not the only cashless store in China. A 24-hour convenience store with no salesperson called Bin-goBox opened in Shanghai last year. To enter the store, shoppers scan a QR code on WeChat or Alipay. But un-like Tao Café, they have to scan another QR code to leave the BingoBox.
1.The underlined word “oddly”probably means “　　    ”. A.strangely　　B.happilyC.importantly　　D.interestingly2.Tao Café is known as 　　    . A.a coffee shop　　B.a cashless storeC.an online store　　D.a camera shop 3.What do you need if you want to buy things from Tao Café?a.a smartphone　　b.a Taobao appc.an Alipay account　　d.a BingoBox QR code A.a, b, c　　B.a, b, d　　C.a, c, d 　　D.b, c, d
4.What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about? A.How to check out in Tao Café. B.Why Tao Café needs cameras. C.How the system in Tao Café works.D.Why people find goods easily in Tao Café. 5.What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A.Students can buy many kinds of school things in Tao Café. B.Lots of things will be lost in the cashless store. C.People can’t buy anything at midnight at BingoBox. D.It saves people much time to shop at Tao Café.
答案语篇解读本文主要介绍了无人超市。1.A    词义猜测题。由画线词前面的Strangely enough可推知,oddly的意思是“奇怪地”。2.B    细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知答案。3.A    细节理解题。由第三段中的To enter and shop, people only need a smartphone with a Taobao app and an Alipay account.可知答案。4.C    主旨大意题。第四、五段主要介绍了淘宝会员店的系统是如何工作的。故选C。5.D    推理判断题。通读全文可知D项正确。
　　Einstein was once traveling from Princeton on a train when the conductor came down the aisle(过道), checking the tickets of every passenger.When he came to Einstein, Einstein reached in his suit pocket. He couldn’t find his ticket, so he reached in his trouser pocket. It wasn’t there. So he looked in his briefcase(公文包)but couldn’t find it. Then he looked in the seat beside him. He still couldn’t find it.The conductor said, “Dr.Einstein, I know who you are. We all know who you are. I’m sure you bought a ticket. Don’t worry about it.”Einstein nodded thankfully. The conductor continued down the aisle checking tickets. As he was ready to move to the next car, he turned around and saw the great scientist down on his hands and knees looking under his seat for his ticket.
题组二A(2020厦门质检,A)
The conductor rushed back and said, “Dr.Einstein, Dr.Einstein, don’t worry, I know who you are. No prob-lem. You don’t need a ticket. I’m sure you bought one.”Einstein looked at him and said, “Young man, I too, know who I am. What I don’t know is where I’m go-ing.”1.What does the underlined word“conductor”mean in Chinese?A.司机　　B.乘务员　　C.乘客　　D.推销员2.How many places did Einstein search for his ticket?A.Three.　　B.Four.　　C.Five.　　D.Six.3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.The train was traveling to Princeton.B.The conductor kept asking for the ticket.C.Einstein hurt his hands and knees.D.Einstein forgot where he was going.
4.How did the conductor probably feel when hearing what Einstein said?A.Surprised.　　B.Nervous.C.Angry.　　D.Afraid.5.What is the best title for this passage?A.A Great ScientistB.The Nice TripC.A Thankful ConductorD.The Lost Ticket
答案语篇解读本文讲述了科学家爱因斯坦在一次乘火车外出旅行的过程中,因为丢失了车票而忘记自己目的地的事件。1.B　根据上下文可知,此人穿过过道检查每位乘客的车票,因此得知应为“乘务员”。正确答案为B。2.C　根据第一段和第三段的内容可知,爱因斯坦先后在西装口袋、裤兜、公文包、座位旁边、座位下面寻找他的车票,因此应该为五处。正确答案为C。3.D　根据文章最后一段最后一句“What I don’t know is where I’m going”可知正确答案为D。4.A　科学家爱因斯坦因为丢失车票而忘记了自己要去哪里,所以应该是“使人意想不到”。A项意为“令人意外的”,B项意为“紧张的”,C项意为“生气的”,D项意为“害怕的”。正确答案为A。5.D　本文讲述了因为一张丢失的车票而引发的一个故事。所以最好的标题应为“丟失的车票”,故选D。
B(2019福建名校模拟,B)
　　A hare was very popular with the other animals who all said they were her friends. But one day she heard the hounds (猎犬) getting close and hoped to escape them with the help of her many friends. So, she went to the horse, and asked him to carry her away from the hounds on his back. But he refused, because he had important work to do for his master. He felt sure that all her other friends would come to help her. She then came to the bull, and hoped that he would repel the hounds with his horns (角). The bull replied, “I am very sorry, but I have an appointment with a lady; but I feel sure that our friend the goat will do what you want.” The goat, however, feared that his back might do her some harm if he took her upon it. The sheep, he felt sure, was the proper friend to ask for help. So she went to the sheep and told him the situation. The sheep replied, “Another time, my dear friend. I do not like to have anything to do with it, as hounds have been known to eat sheep as well as hares.”The hare then went, as a last hope, to the calf(小牛), who regretted that he was unable to help her, as he did not like to take the responsibility(责任)upon himself, as so many older persons than himself had refused the task. By this time the hounds were quite near, and the hare took to her heels and luckily escaped.
1.What do we know about the hare?A.She was strong enough to face all the dangers. B.She was friendly and all animals loved to help her. C.She was ready to help other animals when necessary. D.She got along well with other animals and had a lot of friends. 2.What happened to the hare one day?A.The horse carried her away on his back. B.Her enemy came near and she was in danger. C.She had an argument with her friend, the bull. D.The goat hurt her when taking her upon his back.
3.What does the underlined word “repel” mean in Chinese?A.击退　　B.厌恶　　C.排斥　　D.拒绝4.What do you think of the sheep?A.Helpless.　　B.Brave.C.Friendly.　　D.Smart. 5.What does the story want to tell us?A.Don’t judge a book by its cover. B.One’s mind works fast in time of danger. C.Sometimes enemies can become good friends. D.Having too many friends means no friends sometimes.
答案语篇解读本文为故事类记叙文, 讲述了一个童话故事, 告诉人们朋友并不是越多越好。1.D    细节理解题。从A hare was very popular with the other animals who all said they were her friends. 可知,野兔有许多朋友。2.B    推理判断题。从one day she heard the hounds getting close可知,野兔听到猎犬就要来了, 它将会有危险。3.A    词义猜测题。从第二段第一句可猜测出答案,野兔找到了公牛, 希望它用牛角“击退”猎犬。4.A    推理判断题。从第三段可知,绵羊不愿意惹事, 也怕被猎犬吃掉, 因此可以判断它是无能为力的。5.D    主旨大意题。从故事内容可以看出, 野兔虽然朋友很多, 但是关键时刻没有任何人愿意帮助它, 所以朋友并不是越多越好。
C(2018莆田质检,C)Don’t be surprised if you see a car going down the road without a driver in Beijing these days. It might be one of self-driving cars. In March, 2018, Baidu was given a license to test its self-driving cars in Beijing, China Daily reported.Self-driving cars have been in development since 2010, when Google announced that it was making such cars. Since then, companies like Tesla, Uber and Baidu have been working to produce and test their own self-driving cars.Self-driving cars are expected to change the way we get around. They are safer and more environmentally friendly than regular cars. They can remove the stress(压力) of driving and allow disabled or blind people to get around more easily.
But self-driving cars have their own disadvantages as well. In one test, researchers pointed a laser pointer (激光棒)at the car’s sensors (传感器)while it was moving. The car mistakenly thought that the laser beam(激光束) was in its way and slowed down or changed directions.“The software(软件) that is used to direct the cars may not be safe enough,” reported Live Science. Some-times, without any reasons, it may break down when we use our computers or smartphones. If the software in a self-driving car happened to crash, the result could be deadly. Maybe improvements to the software could solve this problem.1.When did Baidu get a testing license of its self-driving cars in Beijing?A.In February, 2018.　　B.In March, 2018.C.In April, 2018.　　D.In May, 2018.
2.Which company has firstly developed self-driving cars since 2010?A.Google. 　　B.Tesla. 　　C.Uber. 　　D.Baidu.3.The moving car may　　    , if a laser beam is in its way.A.stop itself 　　B.hit others 　　C.slow down 　　D.move on4.The underlined word “crash” in Paragraph 5 probably means“　　    ”.A.崩溃 　　B.碰撞 　　C.暴跌 　　D.坠毁5.This passage may come from　　    .A.a storybook 　　B.a travel guideC.a sports newspaper　　D.a science magazine
答案语篇解读本文介绍了无人驾驶小汽车的优缺点以及有待改进的地方。1.B    细节理解题。由第一段中的In March, 2018, Baidu was given a license to test its self-driving cars in Beijing, China Daily reported.可知答案。2.A    细节理解题。由第二段中的Self-driving cars have been in development since 2010, when Google an-nounced that it was making such cars.可知答案。3.C    细节理解题。由第四段中的The car mistakenly thought that the laser beam was in its way and slowed down or changed directions.可知答案。4.A    词义猜测题。由后面的deadly可知选A。5.D     推理判断题。本文介绍的“无人驾驶小汽车”属于科学范畴,故推知该文可能来自一本科学杂志。
D(2019三明质检,D)　　In the desert, there is very little rain and it is very hot in the day and so cold at night. If you walk or drive through the desert, it might be wise to know what you should do in order to survive(存活)in the desert. Drink a little water every hour. If you find a small piece of land where the earth is wet, dig inside to look for water. Another method of getting water is to cover a green plant with a plastic bag. As it breathes, the water va-por(水蒸气) will collect inside the bag. Little by little, you can collect enough water to drink. Plan to travel at night and sleep during the day, if you find you have to survive in the desert for a period of time. If you can find something that makes you cool in the desert, use it as a shelter to protect you from the strong sunlight. Wear clothing in light color. It may seem like you’ll be cooler if you wear that kind of clothes, which actually
helps your body to become cool and helps protect you from sunburn. Prepare to signal planes passing overhead if you are caught in the desert. During the day keep a smoky fire burning and at night, a bright, clean burning one. In this way, you are more likely to be saved. 1.Which picture shows the way to get water in the desert according to the text? 
2.We are advised to sleep during the day in order to　　    .A.get enough water to drinkB.walk fast through the desertC.keep away from the dangerous animalsD.protect ourselves from the sunburn3.The underlined word“shelter”in the passage means “　　    ”in Chinese.A.遮蔽处　　B.防晒霜C.救济站　　D.收容所
4.We can infer from the passage that　　    in the desert.A.it’s better to wear a white coat than a black oneB.it’s helpful to make a smoky fire at nightC.we shouldn’t travel at night because we can’t see clearlyD.we can’t see any planes passing overhead 5.What’s the main idea of the text?A.How to avoid sunburn in the desert?B.Ways to collect water in the desert.C.How to survive in the desert?D.Ways to enjoy yourselves in the desert.
答案语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了想要在沙漠中幸存下来应当做的几件事。1.D    细节理解题。由文章第二段内容可知,用塑料袋覆盖在植物上可收集到水。2.D    推理判断题。由第三段内容可知,本段介绍的是避免阳光伤害的方法。3.A    词义猜测题。如果你发现可以让你凉爽的东西,用它作为遮蔽以保护你免受强烈太阳光的伤害。故选A。4.A    推理判断题。由第四段第一句可知A选项正确。5.C    主旨大意题。由第一段中的it might be wise to know what you should do in order to survive in the desert可知文章中心:如何在沙漠中活下来。