2021届高考核心考点十分钟基础题速练：单句语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达

这是一份2021届高考核心考点十分钟基础题速练：单句语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达，共4页。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．—Hw lng have yu been here, Susan?
—Only abut five minutes. Alisa ________ (walk) here with me.
2．One third f the cuntry ________ (cver) with trees.
3．—Yu've made great prgress in yur English studies, haven't yu?
—Yes, but much ________ (remain) t be dne.
4．It's nticeable that the air quality in cities ________ (be) becming wrse and wrse recently.
5．The teacher has cnfidence in the naughty but clever by and is sure that he ________ (admit) t a key university next year.
6．Yu can pick me up at my huse at 7：30 pm. I ________ (wait) fr yu at that time.
7．N ne can knw in advance when an earthquake ________ (strike)．
8．The bk which tells the stry f a little fish wh steals a hat frm a big sleeping fish ________ (write) by the Canadian authr Jn Klassen.
9．Henry ges t a free class every Sunday afternn which ________ (start) at 4 pm.
10．—Lucy, why didn't yu g t see the film with us at 7 pm yesterday?
—Srry, but I ________ (d) my hmewrk.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
In the mid­1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk，Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24­year­ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral (葬礼) fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well­runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
1．What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A．His friends' invitatin. B．His interest in the cuntry.
C．His lve fr teaching. D．His desire t regain health.
2．What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Develping a serius mental disease.
B．Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C．Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D．Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
3．Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A．Rmantic. B．Eventful.
C．Pleasant. D．Dangerus.
4．What is the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a bk. B．T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C．T remember a writer. D．T recmmend a travel destinatin.
B
Milwaukee, Wiscnsin, is rad testing a new way t keep winter rads ice­free—by spreading n them cheese brine, the salty liquid used t make sft cheeses, like mzzarella.
Wiscnsin, als called “America's Dairyland，” is famus fr its cheese. The state prduced 2.8 billin punds f cheese last year! As a result, there was a lt f leftver cheese brine. Dispsing f (处置) the brine can be expensive. S what shuld cheese makers d with the waste?
Nrmally, twns use rck salt t de­ice streets. The salt lwers water's freezing pint, causing ice t melt (融化). But using cheese brine culd help bth cheese prducers and cities save mney, while keeping rads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rck salt, helps lwer water's freezing pint.
In additin t saving mney, cheese brine culd als be a mre ec­friendly ptin. Many peple suspect that all the rck salt used every winter is harming the envirnment.
Rck salt is made f sdium chlride, the same cmpund (化合物) in rdinary table salt. Sunds harmless, right ? But while yu prbably add nly a small amunt f salt t yur fd, rad crews spread abut 20 millin tns f salt n U．S. rads every year!
The chemical washes ff rads and ges int the grund. There it can pllute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away sil. By spreading cheese brine n streets befre adding a layer f rck salt, Milwaukee may be able t cut its rck salt use by 30 percent.
Cheese brine has a dwnside t—a smell similar t that f bad milk. “I dn't really mind it，” Emil Nrby tld Mdern Farmer magazine. He wrks fr ne f Wiscnsin's cunty highway cmmissins and came up with the idea f using cheese brine. “Our rads smell like Wiscnsin！” he said.
5．Why can cheese brine help keep winter rads ice­free?
A．It is sft. B．It cntains salt.
C．It is warm. D．It has milk in it.
6．What is a benefit f using cheese brine n rads?
A．Imprving air quality. B．Increasing sales f rck salt.
C．Reducing water pllutin. D．Saving the cheese industry.
7．Milwaukee's new way t de­ice streets may be an example f ________.
A．barking up the wrng tree B．putting the cart befre the hrse
C．rbbing Peter t pay Paul D．killing tw birds with ne stne
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
Dear Sir，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．答案与解析：walked ——苏珊，你来这里多长时间了？——大约只有五分钟。我和阿莉莎一起走着来这里的。根据语境可知，苏珊“现在在这里”，而“走”是发生在现在之前的动作，故用一般过去时。
2．答案与解析：is cvered 这个国家的三分之一被树木覆盖。“分数/百分数＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与名词的单复数保持一致，这里的cuntry是单数可数名词，所以谓语动词应用单数，又因为cuntry和cver之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。
3．答案与解析：remains ——你在英语学习上取得了很大的进步，不是吗？——是的，但是要做的还有很多。由上句的时态可知，设空处表示现在的事实情况，主语为much，谓语动词应用单数，故填remains。
4．答案与解析：is 显而易见的是，城市的空气质量最近正在变得越来越糟。本句主语the air quality为抽象名词，系动词应用单数形式，由recently，becming可知，此处应用现在进行时，故填is。
5．答案与解析：will be admitted 老师对这个调皮但聪明的男孩有信心，并确信他明年会被一所重点大学录取。根据句意和句中的“has”“is”“next year”可知，空处表示的应是将来的动作；又因he和admit之间是被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。
6．答案与解析：will be waiting 你可以在晚上7：30来我家接我。那时我将正等着你。根据句意可知，此处表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作，故用将来进行时。
7．答案与解析：will strike 没有人能预先知道什么时候会发生地震。when在句中引导宾语从句，且根据句意可知，此处的地震发生在将来，需用一般将来时。
8．答案与解析：was written 这本讲述了一条小鱼从一条熟睡的大鱼那里偷了一顶帽子的故事的书是加拿大作家Jn Klassen写的。“写”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；同时The bk和write之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was written。
9．答案与解析：starts Henry每个星期天下午都去听一节四点开始的免费课。根据语境可知，此处表示一贯的动作，应用一般现在时。
10．答案与解析：was ding 根据语境和时间状语“at 7 pm yesterday”可知，此处应用过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与社会，主题语境内容为跨文化沟通。Bissell先生再次踏上中亚大地，历经坎坷终于完成了一部关于中亚地区传统的书。本文旨在培养学生跨文化交流意识。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么事情让Bissell先生重返乌兹别克斯坦？根据第一段第三句话(几年后，他仍然眷恋着这个国家，于是他重返乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章)可知，他依然对这个国家充满了感情和兴趣，这种力量让他又来到了这里。故选B项。A：他朋友们的邀请；C：他对教学的热爱；D：他渴望恢复健康。
2．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第二段中画线单词that指的是什么？由第一段最后一句可知，他回乌兹别克斯坦是为了写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。由第二段第一句(然而，他的访问最终涉及的远不止那件事)可知，画线单词指的是写一篇关于咸海的文章。故选D项。A：患有一种严重的精神疾病；B：在导游的带领下游览中亚；C：到乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。本题题干意为：下面哪一个能最好地描述Bissell先生在乌兹别克斯坦的公路旅行？第三段中描述了他领略了Samarkand的建筑奇迹、在去往Bukhara的路上被警察怀疑贩毒、在Ferghana参加了一个葬礼、在Karakalpakstan遇到了沙尘暴等经历。由这些经历可以推断出他的这次旅途是多姿多彩的(eventful)。故选B项。A：浪漫的；C：令人愉快的，舒适的；D：危险的。
4．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。本题题干意为：本文的目的是什么？本文第一段写了Bissell先生回到乌兹别克斯坦的目的，中间介绍了他写的这本书，最后表明：这不是一本游记，也不是一本历史书。不管它是什么，它都形象地描述了中亚地区的传统。由此推断出作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍一本书。故选A项。B：解释一个文化现象；C：纪念一位作家；D：推荐一个旅游目的地。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国威斯康星州用剩余的奶酪盐水为道路除冰。(brine卤水)
5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rck salt, helps lwer water's freezing pint.”可知，奶酪盐水含有盐，而盐可以化冰。
6．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的内容及第六段中的“The chemical washes ff rads and ges int the grund. There it can pllute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away sil.”可知，用岩盐化冰看似无污染，实际却污染饮用水，使用奶酪盐水可减少水污染。
7．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句及第四段中的“In additin t saving mney, cheese brine culd als be a mre ec­friendly ptin.”可知，威斯康星州有很多剩余的奶酪盐水，用这些剩余的奶酪盐水来给道路除冰，既解决了剩余的奶酪盐水处理问题，节约了开支，同时也很环保，可谓一举两得(kill tw birds with ne stne)。bark up the wrng tree意为“打错主意”；put the cart befre the hrse意为“本末倒置”；rb Peter t pay Paul意为“拆东墙补西墙”。
Ⅲ.书面表达
One pssible versin：
Dear Sir，
I am Li Hua, a student studying in Lndn, wh is mre than thrilled t be infrmed f the message that there will be a Chinese painting exhibitin in yur lcal art gallery. I am writing t apply fr being a vlunteer.
As a student frm China, I have been keen n Chinese paintings. As yu knw, China has a grwing influence n tday's wrld. In the meanwhile, mre attentin is paid t the study f the traditinal culture in Chinese high schls. S I have gt the hang f the knwledge f Chinese paintings. By the way, I can als d well in cmmunicating with thers in ral English.
I wuld extremely appreciate it if I have a chance t receive yur apprval.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
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