2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十五）

这是一份2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十五），共9页。
2021高考英语“典题”专项训练（十五）text 1By the time Robert Porter Allen was born in 1905, the whooping crane(鸣鹤)was already in trouble. The beautiful bird was once commonly found across North America. By 1941, the whooping crane population had dwindled to the double digits. The tallest species in North America was critically endangered.In the 1940s, the remaining cranes migrated(迁徙) every year from the Gulf Coast of Texas to somewhere in the north of Canada to breed(繁殖). The conservation community didn’t know where the birds went. The wetlands where they used to spend winters were growing rarer and rarer as the tiny, non-migrating group of whooping cranes was alive in Louisiana in 1941, but the group had disappeared by the time Allen started his research.In 1942, Allen undertook the whooping crane project over the next three years. He did almost constant field work that took him from Texas up the cranes’ migration route to Nebraska, and on into Saskatchewan in search of the nesting ground of the birds.Studying the bird in its breeding habitat and seeing how many birds were born would allow conservationists to understand how to help the birds on their journey. But finding the whooping crane’s nesting site meant difficult and fruitless air searches over northern Canada.In 1952, Allen wrote a report on the whooping crane. The report was a warning call to the conservation community:only 33 migratory “whoopers” remained, and their nesting site still hadn’t been found. Two years later, the whooping cranes’ breeding grounds in Canada’s Wood Buffalo National Park were finally found, and Allen headed north to study them first-hand—an “incredibly difficult journey”, in Sprunt’s words. Allen’s work laid the groundwork for conservationists to save the birds.Their efforts paid off as the numbers reached 57 by 1970 and 214 by 2005. Today, the whooping crane is still listed as endangered, but there are roughly 600 birds alive.1.What is the passage mainly about?A.It is a story about Allen’s searching for a lost bird.B.It is a story about the cranes’ long migration flight.C.It is a story about the crane surviving the winters.D.It is a story about conserving the whooping crane.2.What does the underlined word “dwindled” mean in the first paragraph?A.Increased.    B.Reduced.   C.Stayed.   D.Limited.3.According to the passage, which of the following is mainly responsible for what happened to the remaining whooping cranes?A.Habitat loss.        B.Illegal hunting.C.Natural disasters.       D.Deadly diseases.text 2Barrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents’ bookstore. One customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving if he’d thought about becoming a pilot. “I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough; but the next day he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the commercial airplane he flew, and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a $40 flight simulator (模拟) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system, and just $30 in his pocket. “I like to do things people say I can’t do.”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami. “It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation (航空), aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irving’s most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23, he said, “Everyone told me I was too young, that I didn’t have enough experience, strength, or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and I’d never come home. Well ... guess what?”4．According to Irving, what is the most important in achieving success?A．Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B．Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C．Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D．Developing communication with different organizations.5．What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that ______.A．he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB．he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC．he knew his efforts would be rewardedD．he realized immediately how lucky he was6．What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3?A．He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B．He was finally given enough money to keep going.C．He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D．He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.7．Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because ______.A．he hoped to become a public figureB．he expected to start a business in other fieldsC．he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD．he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldtext 3Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind. Two of your students are trapped in a “he said/she said” battle. When you reflect on your emotional reactions, you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings, which can make you feel even worse. If so, the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”，the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively. According to a research, when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event, they make better sense of their reactions, experience less emotional suffering, and display fewer signs of stress.But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical “he said/she said” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings. One is thinking，“I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists, “She really hurt my feelings.” However, if you ask them to take the self-distancing, they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation?” or “How did her anger affect him?”Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think, feel, and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try.First，consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation. Besides, avoid using the pronoun “I”. Focus on using third-person pronouns, he, she, they, and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. Finally, ask yourself, “How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate, concrete circumstances.       8. What is self-distancing?A. Getting stuck in negative emotions.B. A stressful situation.C. A study on relieving emotional stress.D. Reflecting on yourself objectively.9. Paragraph 2 is developed by____.       A example   B. definition    C. classification   D. process10. Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing?A. I’m angry with him.B. How I wish I could go back to the past!C. How did these two people get to this point?D. He grabbed my notes, and then, and then...11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Why Self-distancing MattersB. The Application of Self-distancingC. Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection       D. Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactionstext 4Fun Writing Activities for Struggling WritersThere are dozens of reasons kids struggle with writing. They may have difficulty getting their thoughts down on paper._____12_____Perhaps grammar and language barriers are blocking their progress. Whatever the reason, adding a little fun can be a great way to get the creative juices flowing._____13_____Sometimes writers get stuck because they simply don’t know where to start. For a child, you can try things that are geared(合适)toward their interests, like My Favorite Toy, or What I Like to Do in the Summer. Remember,  it' s important to support and guide their ideas, not to discourage thoughts or judge them.       Develop a story mapA great activity to help struggling writers is to build a story map. Write down ideas for the beginning, middle, and end of a story. Or put the topic in the middle of the paper and draw lines out like a wheel for who, what where, and why. _____14_____ This is helpful, because it takes stress out of the writing process.Make writing relevant     Children are more apt to write if they can identify with the purpose of writing. Writing a letter to a friend or relative can better engage a struggling writer. Or maybe your child has some suggestions for books that the library should have. _____15_____ If writing becomes a more meaningful activity to the child it can help to make it an easier process.Make writing enjoyableYou could consider making different writing supplies available like colored pens and pencils, notebooks, etc. Or you could provide a word bank of common words for your kid to use and spell. ___16__ Afterwards, reward your child’s good performance. These all set the stage and invite kids to get excited to write.A. Inspire ideasB. Develop an interest.C. Use the map to guide the writing.D. Make the process into more of a game.E. Maybe they lack experiences to write aboutF. There are loads of fun ways to get children writing.G. Encourage him to write a letter to the person in chargetext 5How to be a good listener to your familyCommunication is important to strong family relationships. 　17　Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds.Listen actively. When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. It’s important to make your family members feel heard and valued. Put your phone away and give them your full attention. Never think about other things when someone is talking. 　18　Repeat what has been said. Briefly summarizing  what the speaker has said can go a long way toward effective communication. Everyone wants to feel valued and heard, so repeating a family member’s point can show you are listening. 　19　 It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well.　20　 Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation. Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response. This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking. Do not talk over someone either. No matter how curious you feel about a subject, do not start talking until the other person has finished.Avoid hurrying the speaker. 　21　 Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along. Never say things like, “Can you get to the point?” This will make it seem like you’re not interested in the conversation.A.Do not interrupt.B.Never rush the person into talking.C.Instead, focus on what’s being said.D.People tend to pause when they speak.E.It can help you make sure you understand the speaker.F.When someone finishes talking, ask questions if necessary.G.However, if you don’t truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate.text 6When I arrived at 6 a.m. in the large hospital kitchen, Rose was already checking name tags on the trays (托盘)."Hi, I'm Janet."I tried to sound cheerful, although I already knew Rose's reputation for being impossible to work with. "I'm scheduled to work with you this week."Rose stopped what she was doing and peered over her reading glasses. I could tell from her expression she wasn't pleased to sec a student worker.“What do you want me to do? Start the coffee?” I asked.Rose coldly nodded and went back to checking name tags.I filled the 40-cup pot with water and began making the coffee when Rose yelled, “That’s not the way to make coffee.” She stepped in and took over.Nothing I did pleased her. All morning, her eagle eyes missed nothing and her sharp wordshurt.Totally exhausted, I trudged the six blocks home late that June afternoon. As a third year university student working my way through school, I had never before met anyone like Rose.Fighting back tears, I wrestled with my dilemma alone in my room. "What shall I do?"The answer caught me completely by surprise. I needed to love Rose.Working with Rose the next morning, I ignored the hurtful remarks thrown in my direction and did things Rose’s way as much as possible. As I worked, I silently began to surround Rose with a warm blanket of love. Over the next few days, an amazing thing began to happen. My focus shifted from what she was doing to me and I started seeing Rose as the hurting person she was. Then her icy tension began to melt away.Throughout the rest of the summer, we had numerous opportunities to work together. Each time, she seemed truly happy to see me. Her bitterness gave way as she started opening up. As I worked with this lonely woman, I listened to her, something no one else had done. I learned that she was burdened by elderly parents who needed her care and her own health problems.The days slipped by quickly as I finished the last several weeks of my summer job. I soon would be returning as a full-time university student and say goodbye to Rose.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1: One day, while I was working alone in one of the hospital kitchens, Rose entered the room._____________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2 ：Although I never saw Rose again, I still remember her vividly._____________________________________________________________________              参考答案1-3、DBA  4-7、CBDC  8-11、DACC12-16、EACGD17-20、GCEAB参考范文：One day, while I was working alone in one of the hospital kitchens, Rose entered the room. I greeted her as usual but strangely she was in total silence, sticking her hands into her pocket. “You are leaving tomorrow, aren’t you?” She said, a sense of loss flickering across her face. “Sorry for all those hurtful words and thank you for being a real friend to me.” Rose stammered, tucking a bookmark into my hand. Looking into her misty eyes, I couldn’t help hugging her, for the very first time, clumsily, yet lovingly.Although I never saw Rose again, I still remember her vividly. That summer. I learned a lesson I’ve never forgotten. The world is full of people like Rose: annoying demanding, unlovable on the outside, yet hurting inside. Just as the saying goes, every rose has its thorn, and every man's character has apart that you can't stand. I've found that a warm blanket of love is the best way to nurture a rose.