高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit单元测试课时训练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit单元测试课时训练，共27页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
保密★启用前
初升高英语（welcomeunit）
单元测试
考试范围：人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册welcomeunit；考试时间：150分钟；满分：150分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第I卷（选择题）
请点击修改第I卷的文字说明

一、阅读选择
BEIJING--More Chinese consumers prefer to make payments via smart devices as mobile app have made purchases much easier, but security concerns remain, a PwC report said.
Nearly one-third of respondents in China chose mobile payment when shopping last year doubling from 16 percent in 2014, according to the accounting firms global retail(零售) survey. The figure appeared much higher than the world's average of 12 percent.
The popularity comes as a result of rapid growth of mobile payment options and an expand mobile network, the report said.
Chinese have started to enjoy a wide range of mobile payment options that allow faster, payment through near field communication and QR code. Moreover, more advances have been seen biometric technology, such as the use of fingerprints and facial recognition.
“As competition becomes fierce, mobile payment players are trying to attract users through continuous development of technology and business models.” said Yuqing Guo, PwC China's financial service consulting partner, adding that the technology is changing the way consumers assess and purchase products.
But security problems are rising. Data security was still seen as a huge problem, with leak of user information, payment fraud(诈骗) and virus attacks appearing as the three biggest challenges for the rapid growing field. The PwC report said over 60 percent of respondents were worried that their personal information was not safe.
Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to strengthen strict supervision(监督). In the meantime, people should avoid scanning QR codes from unknown sources and raise awareness of fraudulence.
The field still has vast space for growth due to technological advances and the rise of the tech-savyy younger generation, the report said, predicting Chine's retail and consumer product in will post an annual growth rate of 7.5 percent between 2016 and 2020.
1．According to the passage, more Chinese people favor motile payment because _________.
A．it ensures the absolute security of purchases
B．it provides them with various options of items
C．it guarantees faster delivery than cash payment
D．it helps them purchase products more conveniently
2．To keep their personal information safe consumers are advised _________.
A．to learn more knowledge about virus attacks
B．to cut down the chance of using mobile apps
C．to increase supervision over mobile payment
D．to check the sources before scanning QR codes
3．In which section of a newspaper does the passage probably appear?
A．Technology B．Education
C．Companies D．Industries.

The question of what children learn, and how they should learn, is continually being debated and redebated.Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system，the learning of lessons parrot­fashion, the grammar­with­a­whip system，which was good enough for our grandparents.The theories of modern psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the needs of children.Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as much.
Well, you may say, this is as it should be, a good idea.But think further.What happens? “Education” becomes the responsibility not of teachers，but of psychologists.What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications of their lessons，and forget about the subjects themselves.If a child dislikes a lesson，the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child’s.So teachers worry whether history is“relevant”to modern young children.And do they dare to recount stories about violence？Or will this make the children themselves violent？Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred？Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better.Sums? Arithmetic? No, real­life mathematical situations are more understandable.
You see, you can go too far.Influenced by educational theorists，who have nothing better to do than to write books about their ideas，teachers leave their teacher­training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs.They make elaborate (精心的), sophisticated (复杂的) preparations and try out their“modern methods”on the long­suffering children.Since one“modern method” rapidly replaces another，the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school.Frequently the modern methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often，the relaxed discipline so essential for the “informal” feelings the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.
4．People do not dare to defend the old system mainly because under the old system________.
A．too much grammar was taught to children
B．children were spoiled
C．children were treated as grown­ups
D．children were made to learn passively
5．What view do the modern psychologists hold?
A．Children must be understood and respected.
B．Children are small adults and know what they need.
C．Children are better off without learning lessons.
D．Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists.
6．What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons?
A．They find that the children dislike the lessons.
B．They tend to blame students for their failure.
C．They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons.
D．They no longer want to teach children history.
7．Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because_____.
A．it is better to use verbal expression only
B．words are said out of natural feelings only
C．talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expression
D．it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions
8．According to the passage, the modern methods are understood by________.
A．neither teachers nor pupils
B．only a handful of teachers and pupils
C．the more sophisticated teachers
D．everyone who enjoys the relaxed discipline of the informal classes

Nearly all of us have a bad habit, whether we know it or not. Some people say they want to get rid of it but don’t know the proper ways. Here’s some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.
Make a list. Write down all the reasons why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it’s hurting you and why to get rid of it, this will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.
Join in other activities. It’s wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habit. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going for a walk.
Give yourself a present. Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you’ll do to celebrate it if you reach your goal.
Keep off bad habits. If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who like smoking.
Be patient. Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should be patient.
Find support. Don’t be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn’t get from yourself.
9．The writer gives us ________ pieces of advice in the passage.
A．four B．six C．five D．seven
10．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A．When you want to stop your bad habits, don’t do anything, please.
B．You can write down all the reasons for getting rid of bad habits.
C．When talking to others, you can get what you can’t get from yourself.
D．It’s not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time.
11．From the passage you can learn that ________.
A．how to get rid of bad habits B．why we have some bad habits
C．what to do to have a bad habit D．where to find some support

I was new to this high school, and to the students it served. I settled into my seat at the front of the classroom. Of the thirty students, I counted just 10 in their seats. The students didn't seem to want to be there. They sat in their chairs, staring out of the window.
The back door opened heavily. After Mike came Belinda. No apologies, no explanations.Things will get better, " I told myself, and began the first lesson. Perhaps because I was nervous, I ran through the material more quickly than I should have. "Wait," interrupted Mike."I didn't pay good money to come to school where the teacher doesn't explain things clearly." It was forty-five minutes before class ended, but I couldn't go any further. In all my years of teaching, I'd never had a class like this.
The next day I got to school early as usual. This time the students showed up on time, but half the students didn’t take notes.They acted as if they were sitting there to meet a requirement.
Why couldn't? I reach them? "You try picturing them being happy and successful" my husband the students advised.
The next day, pictured student listening, taking notes,raising their hands and learning Then at school, my eyes moved from chair to chair. I thought about how hard they worked during the day, studying late into the night or whenever they had a spare moment.
Things started to change During the break, Mike even volunteered to help me set up my materials Belinda stayed focused, quickly taking notes.
At our last class Mike handed me a thank-you card signed by every student. One comment stood out. It took me a while, but I found I enjoyed your class. Nothing could take away the joy I got from my experience. Thank you, Belinda." My eyes were filled with tears.
12．Why didn't the author's first class go as planned?
A．Because she wasn't well prepared.
B．Because she disliked the students.
C．Because she lacked experience
D．Because she was anxious
13．What's Mike's attitude towards the author's first class?
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful
C．Dissatisfied. D．Tolerant.
14．What does the underlined word "pictured" in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Imagined. B．Drew. C．Described. D．Showed.
15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The author would leave that school.
B．Mike was ashamed of his rudeness.
C．The author's hard work was rewarded.
D．Belinda only liked the author's class.


二、七选五
With the development of science and technology, teenagers' learning and working styles have changed accordingly. Some have had to change their habits, or usual ways of doing things. Some who used to go to school are now used to studying at home. Some have been trying to get in the habits of learning on their own. 16．
As teenagers, first of all, you can organize your surroundings in such a way that the clues of your new habits are very obvious. 17．That can help you get in the habits of learning English every day. You can also join a group of other English learners at online meetings and let them see you sign every day.
Of course, there are something else you can do to help.
·Simplify your habits as much as possible. You can decrease the number of steps you have to take in order to study.18．To be exact, you're suggested beginning your habits with limited, shorter time periods — two minutes.
·Make your habits satisfying.19．If you study English for 15 minutes, you can reward yourself by listening to favorite songs. Or you can think about how much progress you have made since you first started learning English,
·20．As you repeat the practice over time, you can go longer. You may have to repeat an action many times before it becomes a habit. But with time, careful planning and continued practice, you can make it.
A．Repeat the practice to build a new habit.
B．You can also try reducing your study time.
C．What will you do in order to develop science?
D．Habits are often developed without much difficulty.
E.Give yourself a reward after developing your new habits.
F.How might you make new habits connect with learning effectively?
G.For example, you can leave English books or notes in a very clear place.


三、完形填空
In life, we will succeed and fail often for reasons that are entirely out of our control. For instance, we can be 21 nice and love someone deeply, and they may not love us 22 . We can work harder than anyone else in the office and 23 not be promoted to management. We can eat 24 food, exercise and stay away from alcohol and cigarettes, and still get sick.
The bottom line is that life is not 25 .
That is a bitter pill to 26 for many of us. As a result, some people shut down after being hit by even one unfair blow from life. They can’t 27 the fact that our efforts don’t always get the results that we 28 . But if we let life’s unfairness 29 us, we will never receive the beautiful blessings that life has in store for us.
For example, my first marriage 30 divorce (离婚). To me, it felt very unfair. However hard I had tried to be a good 31 , I could not make the relationship work. I could have been 32 by that experience and decided that if one person didn’t 33 me as a wife, then no one would. I could have 34 . 35 I knew I wanted to be married and experience traditional family life. Then I met my present husband and now have a happy family.
What I’ve learned over the years is that we can do all the things that 36 a good result, but get bad things in return 37 . When life doesn’t go 38 plan, we have to 39 the result that we have been looking forward to and keep trying, and doing the right thing. Accept that life is neither fair nor easy. 40 we remain confident, we can drive our unfair experiences away and use them for our benefit.
21．A．firmly B．extremely C．nearly D．physically
22．A．hardly B．back C．enough D．well
23．A．still B．even C．often D．seldom
24．A．delicious B．clean C．fresh D．healthy
25．A．ideal B．smooth C．fair D．fortunate
26．A．ruin B．grasp C．access D．swallow
27．A．distinguish B．handle C．judge D．grasp
28．A．expect B．attach C．wish D．concern
29．A．defeat B．win C．damage D．confuse
30．A．led to B．ended in C．consisted of D．started with
31．A．wife B．husband C．mother D．father
32．A．injured B．discouraged C．hurt D．forbidden
33．A．appreciate B．tolerate C．recognize D．desire
34．A．reached out B．calmed down C．given up D．shut up
35．A．But B．So C．However D．And
36．A．bring B．require C．demand D．deserve
37．A．otherwise B．therefore C．instead D．rather
38．A．ahead of B．according to C．regardless of D．due to
39．A．watch out for B．take control of C．take advantage of D．let go of
40．A．If B．Whether C．While D．As


第II卷（非选择题）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明

四、根据汉语意思填写单词
41．Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is not willing to invest in ________(足够的) training for his staff. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
42．They have held the______(冠军称号) for the past two years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43．The teacher explained to her students patiently what _______(象征主义) really meant. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
44．It’s not easy to ______ (停止，戒掉) smoking cigarettes. （根据汉语意思单词拼写）
45．Some_______(蘑菇) are good to eat; some are poisonous. （根据汉语提示填空）
46．To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies __________. (检查) （根据汉语意思填空）
47．Her mother lived in a ______________ (附近的) town.
48．The earthquake________________ (摧毁) the whole city in twenty seconds. （根据汉语意思填空）
49．The old man has experienced ________(无数的) difficulties and hardship in his life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
50．I had met with him to explain the _____ (格式) of the programme and what we had in mind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

五、用单词的适当形式完成句子
51．For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed ____________ (steady). (所给词的适当形式填空)
52．Bad customs and laws ought to ________（abandon）, since they are inappropriate for the development of the society. (所给词的适当形式填空）
53．Age is not a barrier_____achieving one's goal. （用适当的词填空）
54．Scientists ________(establish) a connection between cholesterol (胆固醇) levels and heart disease. （所给词的适当形式填空）
55．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We______(wait) here for more than two hours. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56．I’m sorry, but I didn’t mean ________(step) on your foot. (所给词的适当形式填空）
57．Modem methods of ________ (track) polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
58．Ashley, having experienced such cases, is sure instantly to come up ________ a brilliant idea. （用适当的词填空）
59．All at once an idea popped___________her head. （用适当的词填空）

60．Learning by __________(repeat), you can have a good understanding of the sentence pattern.
61．It is often the case _______anything is possible for those who hold on to hope.
62．It was not long ________ he sensed the danger of the position.
63．Seeing the bloody scene, she let _______a scream of terror.
64．I’d rather _______(not inform) him of the truth the day before.
65．I was too busy last week; otherwise I _________(come) to your aid.
66．It was ordered that no smoking _______(allow) in the library, which made the smokers unhappy.
67．The impressionists had to paint quickly, consequently, their paintings were not so detailed as _____of earlier painters.
68．–---Haven’t you finished writing the essay?
----No, but I ought to ________.
69．I think ______essential for us to appeal to someone for help when necessary.


六、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。
How Learning Habits Influence on Learning Results
It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous saying “ Good habits lead to good endings”，which shows the70．important ) of habits.
“ An apple a day keeps a doctor71．” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps72．(build）up our body. Thus， good learning habits can help us gain great learning results，73．(include) high scores and abundant(丰富的) knowledge. At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes to the content of our learning.74．( obvious)，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see，developing a good habit is so important75．I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits — keep a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by76．(write) learning summaries and remember to record something77．(impress) and meaningful. Keep78．in mind, we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
What's more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time and I will conquer this problem by spending more effort79．concentra tion practice in future.
I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.


七、提纲类作文
80． 创建和谐校园活动开展一年来，你校发生了很大的变化。请你根据下面的提示，简要报道此次活动给学校带来的主要变化，发表在校园网上。
1. 校园环境的变化；
2. 同学、师生关系的变化；
3. 学习氛围的变化；
4. 自己的感受。
注意：1. 词数：100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．不使用本人和自己学校的名字；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Since our school began the harmonious school activity a year ago, great changes have taken place. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

八、读后续写
81．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的 词数应为150左右。
When life throws us a dirty curveball, it typically doesn't make any sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might be to get extremely upset and scream at the top of our lungs. But how does this help our trouble? Obviously, it doesn't.
This evening I met a friend at a local bar. She brought her brand-new laptop along so she could show me some of her latest digital art designs. As we chatted and scanned through her artwork, the laptop suddenly started making an unhealthy buzzing noise, then the screen flashed on and off and then cut off completely. And as we both stared at one another in confusion, the smell of fried computer circuits consumed our noses. The barkeeper and even some customers came up afterwards and asked what was wrong with the computer.
I grabbed the laptop to inspect it and the problem instantly revealed itself. The bottom of the laptop was wet and an empty, spilt water glass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop was sitting.
In the midst of us chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen back and forth, we somehow spilt a glass of water that the barkeeper had placed behind the screen by mistake, which was out of our view. This situation, running normal logic, the next thing would soon get into a heated argument over damage.
When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The smartest, and oftentimes hardest, thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more sensible in our reactions.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1．D
2．D
3．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一份报告称，越来越多的中国消费者更喜欢通过智能设备进行支付，因为移动应用让购物变得容易得多，但安全方面的担忧依然存在。数据安全仍被视为一个巨大的问题，用户信息泄露、支付欺诈和病毒攻击成为这个快速增长领域面临的三大挑战。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句More Chinese consumers prefer to make payments via smart devices as mobile apps have made purchases much easier…可知越来越多的中国消费者更喜欢通过智能设备进行支付，因为移动应用让购物变得容易得多……由此可知，越来越多的中国人喜欢移动支付是因为它可以使购物更加便捷。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中In the meantime, people should avoid scanning QR codes from unknown sources and raise awareness of fraudulence.可知与此同时，人们应该避免扫描或来自未知来源的二维码，提高防欺诈意识。由此可知，为了安全保护个人信息，建议消费者避免扫描未知来源的二维码。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中More Chinese consumers prefer to make payments via smart devices as mobile app have made purchases much easier, but security concerns remain, a PwC report said.可知PwC的一份报告称，越来越多的中国消费者更喜欢通过智能设备进行支付，因为移动应用让购物变得容易得多，但安全方面的担忧依然存在。结合文章主要介绍了一种新的支付方式——移动支付，它使人们的生活更加便捷。由此可推知，文章有可能出现在杂志的“技术”版面。故选A。

4．D
5．A
6．C
7．B
8．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了新体制下的教育理念。第一段提出新的教育理念；第二段讲述过分重视心理暗示、忽略课文本身带来的问题；第三段讲述复杂化的现代方法带来的弊端。
4．推理判断题。由第一段第二句“鹦鹉学舌般地学习课文、附带鞭子的语法教学”可知，在这种学习制度下，孩子非常被动，故选D。
5．细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知：我们必须懂得孩子们的需要，还要尊重孩子们，故选A。
6．细节理解题。由第二段中“教师过多担心功课的心理暗示，忽略了功课本身”可知，故选C。
7．细节推断题。由第二段中Why teach children to write grammatical sentences？Verbal expression is better.可推断出，故选B。
8．细节推断题。由最后一段中Frequently the modern methods...fail to be understood by the teachers，let alone the children可知，故选A。

9．B
10．A
11．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就如何摆脱不良习惯给出了一些建议。
9．
细节理解题。根据下文“Make a list.(做一个列表)”“Join in other activities.(参加其他活动)”“Give yourself a present.(给自己一份礼物)”“Keep off bad habits.(戒掉坏习惯)”“Be patient. (要有耐心)”“Find support.(找到支持)”可知，作者在这篇文章中给了我们六条建议。故选B项。
10．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Make a list. Write down all the reasons why you want to stop a certain behavior，how it’s hurting you and why to get rid of it, this will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.(做一个列表。写下你想要停止某一行为的所有原因，它是如何伤害你的，以及为什么要摆脱它，这会对你有很大帮助。定期查看这个清单)”可知，选项B正确；最后一段中“When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn’t get from yourself.(当你和别人交谈时，他们可能会给你提供建议或鼓励，而这些你通常不会从自己那里得到)”，可知，选项C正确；以及第六段中“Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of them quickly.(坏习惯会随着时间的推移而养成，所以你可能无法很快改掉它们)”可知，选项D正确；因此只有A选项 “当你想改掉坏习惯时，请什么都不要做”是错误。故选A项。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here’s some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.(这里有一些关于如何摆脱坏习惯的建议)”可知，本文的主要内容为如何摆脱坏习惯的建议，因此从这篇文章中你可以学到怎样摆脱坏习惯。故选A项。

12．D
13．C
14．A
15．C
【分析】
本文属于记叙文。文章讲述作者初到一所学校，遇到了一帮不守纪律、不爱学习的孩子，作者采纳了爱人的建议，把孩子们想象成快乐而成功的样子，最终彻底改变了他们。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二段“began the first lesson. Perhaps because I was nervous, I ran through the material more quickly than I should have.”可知，开始了第一课，也许是因为我很紧张，我讲课比我计划要讲的快。由此可以看出作者第一节课没有按计划进行，比预想的讲得要快，是因为她有点紧张，故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据第二段Mike所说的话“I didn't pay good money to come to school where the teacher doesn't explain things clearly.”可知，Mike认为老师没有讲解地很清楚，由此可以看出Mike对作者的这节课不满意，故选C。
14．
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Of the thirty students, I counted just 10 in their seats. The students didn't seem to want to be there. They sat in their chairs, staring out of the window.”可知，前三段的内容可知，在30个学生中，我数了数，在座位上的只有10个。学生们似乎不想坐在那里。他们坐在椅子上，凝视着窗外。再根据第三段的“This time the students showed up on time, but half the students didn’t take notes.”可知，这次学生准时来了，但有一半的学生没有参加笔记。由此可以看出，这些孩子不遵守纪律，没有礼貌，不爱学习，因此后面的内容都是作者想象出来的，所以第五段的“pictured”的意思可能是想象的，故选A。
15．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“At our last class Mike banded me a thank-you card signed by every student. One comment stood out It took me a while, but I found I enjoyed your class. Nothing could take away the joy I got from my experience. Thank you, Belinda”可知，在我们的最后一堂课上，Mike递给我一张每位学生签名的感谢卡。一个评论脱颖而出。花了我一段时间，但我发现我很喜欢你的课。没有什么能带走我从经历中得到的快乐。谢谢你，Belinda。由此可以推断出，经过作者的努力，孩子们喜欢上了作者，喜欢上了她的课，所以作者的努力得到了回报，故选C。

16．F
17．G
18．B
19．E
20．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何将新习惯与学习有效地联系起来。
16．
上文“With the development of science and technology, teenagers' learning and working styles have changed accordingly. Some have had to change their habits, or usual ways of doing things. …（随着科技的发展，青少年的学习方式和工作方式也发生了相应的变化。有些人不得不改变他们的习惯，或通常的做事方式……）”说明随着科技发展，人们的习惯发生了改变，也就是说产生了新的习惯，选项F“如何将新习惯与学习有效地联系起来？”位于段末，承接上文新习惯，疑问句的形式引出下面几段介绍习惯和学习结合的方法。故选F项。
17．
上文“As teenagers, first of all, you can organize your surroundings in such a way that the clues of your new habits are very obvious.（作为青少年，首先，你可以用这样一种方式来组织你的环境，使你的新习惯的线索非常明显。）”提出一个组织学习环境和新习惯联系的方法，选项G“例如，你可以把英语书或笔记放在一个非常清楚的地方。”举例说明上文中提到的方法。选项中in a very clear place与上文very obvious语义相关。故选G项。
18．
下文“To be exact, you're suggested beginning your habits with limited, shorter time periods — two minutes.（确切地说，建议你从有限的、较短的时间段开始养成习惯——比如说两分钟。）”说明是先从短的时间段养成习惯，选项B“你也可以试着缩减你的学习时间。”是概括说明这个建议，为了养成习惯，可以缩减学习时间。选项中reducing和下文中limited, shorter语义相关。故选B项。
19．
下文“If you study English for 15 minutes, you can reward yourself by listening to favorite songs.（如果你学了15分钟英语，你可以通过听自己喜欢的歌曲来奖励自己。）”说明本段的建议是奖励自己，选项E“在养成新习惯后给自己一个奖励。”概括说明养成习惯后给自己奖励，选项中Give yourself a reward和下文中reward yourself语义一致。故选E项。
20．
下文“As you repeat the practice over time, you can go longer.（当你超时重复这个练习时，你可以坚持更久。）”说明本段介绍的方法是多次重复练习，选项A“重复这个练习来建立一个新的习惯。”位于段首，概括本段主题，介绍重复练习的方法。选项中Repeat the practice和下文中repeat the practice词汇重叠。故选A项。

21．B
22．B
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．A
29．A
30．B
31．A
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．A
36．D
37．C
38．B
39．D
40．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何看待生活中的不公平，当我们遇到生活中的不公平时，作者建议我们要相信自己，并继续做我们应该做的。
21．考查副词。A. firmly坚定的；B. extremely极端；非常；C. nearly几乎；D. physically身体上。根据下文nice and love someone deeply可知我们可以非常好，深深地爱着一个人。故选B。
22．考查副词。A. hardly几乎不；B. back回来；C. enough足够地；D. well好。根据上文they may not love us可知虽然我们爱别人，但是他们可能不会同样爱我们。短语love back“爱回来”。故选B。
23．考查副词。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. often经常；D. seldom几乎不。句意：我们可以比办公室里的任何人都更努力工作，但仍然不能被提升到管理层。故选A。
24．考查形容词。A. delicious美味的；B. clean干净的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. healthy健康的。句意：我们可以吃健康的食物，锻炼身体，远离烟酒，但仍然会生病。故选D。
25．考查形容词。A. ideal理想的；B. smooth顺利的；C. fair公平的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文的例子可知，本质就是生活是不公平的。故选C。
26．考查动词。A. ruin破坏；B. grasp抓住；C. access进入；D. swallow吞咽。根据上文pill可知是吞药片，故选D。
27．考查动词。A. distinguish区别；B. handle处理；C. judge评判；D. grasp抓住。句意：他们无法承受我们的努力并不总是会有结果的事实。短语handle fact“承受事实”。故选B。
28．考查动词。A. expect期待；B. attach附加；C. wish希望；D. concern关心。根据上文可知：我们的努力并不总是会有我们期待的结果。故选A。
29．考查动词。A. defeat打败；B. win赢；C. damage破坏；D. confuse困惑。句意：但是如果我们让生活的不公平打败我们，我们将永远不会得到生活为我们准备的美好祝福。故选A。
30．考查动词。A. led to导致；B. ended in结束；C. consisted of构成；D. started with开始。根据下文divorce可知作者的婚姻是以离婚而结束的。故选B。
31．考查名词。A. wife妻子；B. husband丈夫；C. mother母亲；D. father父亲。根据下文Then I met my present husband and now have a happy family.可知作者为女性，因此是尝试过要做一个好妻子。故选A。
32．考查形容词。A. injured伤害的；B. discouraged灰心的；C. hurt受伤的；D. forbidden禁止的。离婚是不好的事情，因此是使人沮丧，灰心的。故选B。
33．考查动词。A. appreciate感激；欣赏；B. tolerate容忍；C. recognize认出；D. desire想要。句意：如果有一个人不喜欢我做他的妻子，那么就没有人会喜欢我了。appreciate sb.“欣赏；喜欢某人”，故选A。
34．考查动词。A. reached out到达；B. calmed down冷静；C. given up放弃；D. shut up闭嘴。句意：我本可以放弃的。故选C。
35．考查连词。A. But但是；B. So因此；C. However然而；D. And并且。根据下文可知作者再婚了，因此与上文的灰心的语境是转折的，故选A。
36．考查动词。A. bring带来；B. require需要；C. demand要求；D. deserve值得。句意：我们可以做所有应该得到好的结果的事情。deserve“值得；应得的”。故选D。
37．考查连词。A. otherwise否则；B. therefore因此；C. instead而不是；相反；D. rather宁可。句意：但是相反，你得到了不好的东西作为回报。故选C。
38．考查介词短语。A. ahead of在……之前；B. according to根据；按照；C. regardless of不管；D. due to因为。根据上文本来应得到好的结果，但是却是不好的东西作为了回报，可知生活并不总是按照计划来的，故选B。
39．考查动词。A. watch out for注意；B. take control of控制；C. take advantage of利用；D. let go of释放；放弃。句意：当生活没有按照计划进行时，我们必须放弃我们一直期待的结果，继续尝试，做正确的事情。故选D。
40．考查连词。A. If如果；B. Whether是否；C. While当……时候；D. As因为。句意：如果我们保持自信，我们就能把不公平的经历赶走，并利用它们为自己谋利。故选A。
41．sufficient
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管旅馆的服务很差，经理还是不愿意为他的员工提供足够的培训。根据所给句子和汉语提示推出，此处使用形容词sufficient“足够的”，作定语修饰名词training。故填sufficient。
42．championship
【详解】
考查名词。句意：他们在过去两年中一直保持冠军头衔。根据所给出的句子，结合汉语以及空格前的定冠词the提示，可知“冠军称号”是名词“championship”来做动词have held的宾语。故填championship。
43．symbolism
【详解】
考查名词。句意：老师向她的学生耐心地解释什么是象征主义。根据句子结构可知，该处词作what引导的宾语从句的从句主语成分，又根据汉语提示“象征主义”。故填symbolism。
44．quit
【详解】
考查不定式和动词。句意：戒烟不容易。根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是动词quit，分析句子结构，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，此处需要填动词原形，所以填quit。
45．mushrooms
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：有些蘑菇很好吃；有些是有毒的。根据汉语提示“蘑菇”可知应填名词mushroom，作主语，且根据后文are可知此处应用复数。故填mushrooms。
46．(should) be examined
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：为了防止这种情况再次发生，约翰·斯诺建议检查所有的水源。根据汉语意思提示，应填动词examine。此处是位于suggest后的宾语从句，从句的主语是 the source of all the water supplies，谓语动词是examine，两者是被动关系，所以用被动语态，即be examined。suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填(should) be examined。
47．nearby
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。根据所给句子和汉语提示可推出是形容词nearby“附近的”，此处作定语修饰名词town。故答案为nearby。
48．destroyed
【详解】
考查动词。句意：这场地震在20秒内摧毁了整座城市。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语动词，destroy作为动词，表示“摧毁”的意思，根据句意可知，摧毁这个动作已经发生，谓语动词需用一般过去式destroyed。故填destroyed。
49．countless
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：这位老人一生中经历了无数的艰难困苦。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词，根据汉语提示，故填countless。
50．format
【详解】
考查名词。句意：我和他见面了，向他解释了方案的格式和我们的想法。根据汉语提示“格式”可知，空格处应用format，意为“格式”，名词词性，句中“the format of the programme”指“方案的格式”，故format用原形，在句中作宾语。故填format。
51．steadily
【详解】
考查副词。句意：一个多世纪以来，大西洋两岸的通信一直在稳步发展。修饰动词developed，用副词形式作状语。故填steadily。
52．be abandoned
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意：不良的习俗和法律应该废除，因为它们不适合社会的发展。分析句子可知，ought to do为固定搭配，意为“应该做某事”，to后跟动词原形。且abandon与主语Bad customs and laws之间是动宾关系，应使用被动语态be abandoned。故填be abandoned。
53．to
【详解】
考查介词。句意：年龄不是实现目标的障碍。barrier to... 表示......的障碍,是固定搭配，故填to。
54．have established
【详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家已证实胆固醇含量与心脏病之间有关联。此处表示“已经证实了”，强调过去发生的动作对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词使用have。故填have established。
55．have been waiting
【详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：——打扰了，你们在等着看哪部电影呢？——新版的《星球大战》。我们在这儿等了两个多小时了。根据for more than two hours可知，此处表示一直在等待，并且还有可能继续等下去，需用现在完成进行时。其基本构成形式是：have/has been doing，主语为we，助动词使用have。故填have been waiting。
56．to step
【详解】
考查短语。句意：对不起，我不是故意要踩你的脚的。mean to do sth.故意做某事。根据句意，故填to step。
57．tracking
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法直到20世纪80年代中期才开始使用，而且要在大面积范围内持续进行，成本非常昂贵。track作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填tracking。
58．with
【详解】
考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：艾希礼经历过这样的情况，肯定会立刻想出一个绝妙的主意。固定搭配come up with（想出）。故填with。
59．into
【详解】
考查介词。句意：她突然有了一个主意。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语pop into one's head“突然想起”。故填into。
【点睛】


60．repetition
61．that
62．before
63．out
64．not have informed
65．would/could/should/might have come
66．(should) be allowed
67．those
68．have
69．it
【分析】
单句语法填空。
60．句意：重复学习，你就会对句型有一个好的理解。根据句意可知答案为repetition。
61．句意：通常对于那些心存希望的人来说一切皆有可能。It为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。故答案为that。
62．句意：不久他就意识到他处境的危险。根据句意可知答案为before。
63．句意：看到那血腥的场面，她发出恐怖的尖叫声。Let out发出，放出，答案为out.
64．句意：前天我宁愿不告诉他事实真相。与过去的事实相反，故答案为not have informed。
65．句意：上一周我太忙，要不然的话，我会来帮助你的。与过去的事实相反，故答案为would/could/should/might have come。
66．It was ordered that---，后面的主语从句用（should ）should+动词原形，根据句意可只是被动结构，故答案为(should) be allowed。
67．their paintings即the+名词复数，用those替代，故答案为those。
68．此处是省略，但如果情态动词后面有be动词或助动词have时，则省略时要把情态动词和后面的be动词或助动词have一同留下。可知答案为have。
69．此处it做形式宾语，后面的动词不定式做真正的宾语。

70．importance
71．away
72．to build
73．including
74．Obviously
75．that
76．writing
77．impressive
78．it
79．on
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章通过谚语“良好的习惯会有好的结果”，展开全文。从好的健康习惯到好的学习习惯，娓娓道来，使读者跟作者一起去深入体会好的习惯的重要性。
70．考查名词的用法。the importance of …的重要性, 这是个固定短语，important是形容词. 故故填importance。
71．考查副词的用法。固定搭配keep sb. away 让某人远离，一日一苹果,医生远离我。故填away。
72．考查疑问词加不定式的用法。此处用到结构how to build up 如何强身健体。故填to build。
73．考查介词的用法。与前句分开，置于句首的用介词including,意思：包括。故填including。
74．考查副词的用法。与句子主句隔开时，需要用副词修饰整个句子作状语。故填Obviously 。
75．考查连词的用法。此处为so ..that 如此…以至于。故填that。
76．考查动名词的用法。句意：我们可以通过写学习总结来开始这个习惯，并记住记录一些令人印象深刻和有意义的事情。介词by 后需用doing形式作宾语。故填writing。
77．考查形容词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词something , 作定语。故填impressive。
78．考查代词的用法。句意：记住，我们可以养成良好的学习习惯并从中受益。keep it in mind意思是：记住。故填it。
79．考查介词的用法。 spend… on 把…花费在…上。故填on。
80．Since our school began the harmonious school activity a year ago, great changes have taken place.
As is known to all, a harmonious school life is important to high school students. On the one hand, the environment in our school gets better and better. With more and more trees and flowers planted, our school looks more beautiful. We can have a good rest and put our heart into study. One the other hand, the atmosphere among people is very harmonious. Students get along well with each other. We do respect our teachers and teachers do love us. Our school is just like a big family. We will have a good mood and enjoy being together.
In conclusion, we should try our best to build a harmonious school life. I like studying in such a beautiful school. Let’s do what we can from now on to make our school more and more attractive.
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类作文。要求你就学校创建和谐校园活动开展一年来，发生了的变化做一个报道，发表在校园网上。
【详解】
根据内容要点提示，这篇应用文属于提纲性作文。报道时要求包含以下内容：1. 校园环境的变化； 2. 同学、师生关系的变化；3. 学习氛围的变化；4. 自己的感受。结合本文特点，写作时要注意：首先，时态选择以一般现在时为主；对自己的感受表达上用一般将来时；其次，内容安排上要详略得当。具体来讲，根据要点提示的四个要点，以对第一、三点做重点描述，第二点适当展开；再次，恰当地使用连接过渡词,以使行文连贯。过渡词的正确使用，对文章会有增光填色的作用。
【点睛】
本文段落层次清晰,行文连贯,要点齐全,言简意赅,目的明确,较具有说服力。还使用一些连词, 让文章条理清楚。使用了一些复杂句和复合句,使文章更加生动而流畅,这些都体现了较强的驾驭语言的能力。具体如下: As is known to all, a harmonious school life is important to high school students.使用了非限制性定语从句；With more and more trees and flowers planted, our school looks more beautiful.用了with的复合结构；We do respect our teachers and teachers do love us.用了对谓语动词进行强调。what引导的宾语从句Let’s do what we can from now on to make our school more and more attractive.
81．Paragraph 1 :
When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry, not sure what I was supposed to say to ease her mood. She raised her bent body , took a piece of tissue paper from the box, and while gazing sadly at the computer，still said very calmly—It was my fault. But just at that moment, the most unexpected thing happened. The bar keeper stepped out and said，“Please leave it with me and I'll fix it for you. ”
Paragraph 2:
The smartest, and often times hardest, thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more sensible in our reactions. To remember that losing temper only makes matters worse. Troubles are rarely as bad as they seem, and even when they are, they give us an opportunity to grow stronger. And once they pass, all we're left with are our unique experiences with each other and the lessons we've learned along the way. Life is unpredictable, but the choice is ours to make.
【分析】
本文以朋友的笔记本电脑为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友在酒吧的遭遇。因老板不小心在电脑屏幕后放了杯水，结果在朋友移动电脑的时候，水洒了，电脑线路被烧坏了，正在朋友担心会有一场有关损害激烈争论的时候，朋友和老板却冷静妥善地处理了问题。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我有点担心地瞥了一眼我的朋友,”可知，第一段可描写朋友处理问题的方式和经过及结果。
②由第二段首句内容“在这种情况下，我们能做的最聪明，也是最艰难的事情就是在我们的反应中更理智。”可知，第二段可描写作者对此事的感悟和评论。
2.续写线索：观看电脑——冷静——承认自己的过错——互相谅解——感悟——评论
3.词汇激活
行为类
①观看电脑： stare at/watch/ gaze at
②.承认错误：It was my fault /My fault/I was so careless
③.互相谅解：forgive each other/understand one another
情绪类
①.冷静：say very calmly / say peacefully/keep calm
②.明智：wise/smart/ sensible/clever
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry, not sure what I was supposed to say to ease her mood.（宾语从句的应用）
[高分句型2]. And once they pass, all we're left with are our unique experiences with each other and the lessons we've learned along the way.（定语从句的应用）