2022年九年级中考英语语法知识梳理 - - 过去进行时+过去将来时学案

2022年九年级中考英语语法知识梳理

过去进行时+过去将来时

过去进行时

过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。

1.过去进行时谓语动词的结构形式

（1）过去进行时谓语由助动词was/were+现在分词 构成。was用于主语是第一人称和第三人称单数的句子中，were用于主语是第二人称单数和各人称复数的句子中。如：

My brother was playing football with his friends at that time.那时我哥哥在和他的朋友一起踢足球。

They were doing their homework in the classroom at four yesterday afternoon.昨天下午四点他们在教室做作业。

（2）过去进行时一般疑问句、否定句、特殊疑问句结构及一般疑问句的答语：

■一般疑问句为：将was，were放在句子开头，且首字母要大写，句末用问号。

■肯定回答为：Yes，+主语的相应代词+was或were；

■否定回答为：No，+主语的相应代词+wasn't或weren't；

■否定句为：在was，were后加not+现在分词。was和were可以和not缩写为wasn't，weren't。

■特殊疑问句为：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+现在分词+……？如：

— Were you watching TV this time yesterday？昨天这个时候你在看电视吗？（一般疑问句）

— Yes，I was.是的。/No，I wasn't.不，我没看。（肯定、否定回答）

— Was your mother dancing in the park at that time？那时你妈妈在公园里跳舞吗？（一般疑问句）

— Yes，she was.是的。/No，she wasn't.不，他没有跳。（肯定、否定回答）

They weren't practicing playing the piano at ten last night.昨夜十点他们没有在练习弹钢琴。（否定句）

What were they doing from seven to nine yesterday morning？昨天上午七点到九点他们在干什么？（特殊疑问句）

2.过去进行时的用法

（1）表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常与at that time当时，at five yesterday昨天五点，then那时，this time yesterday 昨天这个时候，the whole morning整个上午，last night 昨晚等时间状语连用。如：

I was having dinner at 8 yesterday evening.昨晚八点我正在吃饭。

When you came in I was writing.你进来时，我正在写东西。

While I was studying，he was asleep.我在做功课时，他睡着了。

（2）表示过去某一段时间持续进行的动作。如：

Tom was reading a book all morning.整个早晨汤姆都在读书。

I was tidying my sitting room the whole morning.整个上午我一直在整理客厅。

（3）部分短暂动作的动词，它们的过去进行时表示 “逐渐”，“越来越”，“快要”的意思。如：

When I arrived at the theatre，the play was just beginning.当我到达戏院时，戏正要开演。

The weather was getting warmer and warmer.天气逐渐暖和起来了。

注意：

这类动词常见的有：get，become，turn，leave，go，begin，forget，die，finish等。

（4）过去进行时与always，forever/for ever，all the time，all the while等表连续的时间状语连用，表示特定的感情色彩。如：

She was always helping others when she lived here.她住这儿时总是帮助别人。（褒扬）

They were always quarrelling.他们老是吵嘴。（厌烦）

My little brother was continually asking questions.我弟弟老是问东问西的。（不耐烦）

（5）过去进行时表示两个同时持续的动作。如：

I was doing my homework while he was listening to music.我在做作业而他在听音乐。

过去将来时

过去将来时表示从过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与two days later，the next week，the following day等时间状语连用。

1.过去将来时谓语动词的结构形式

（1）助动词would+动词原形 。如：

My friend promised she would come the next day.我朋友答应第二天要来。

I told Laura I would go home the following weekend.我告诉劳拉下周末我要回家。

注意：

①would可以和代词主语缩写为：I would→I'd；You would→You'd；He would→He'd；She would→She'd；We would→We'd；They would→They'd

②would和not可以缩写为：wouldn't

（2）助动词was/were+going to+动词原形 。如：

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。

She said that her uncle was going to meet her at the railway station.她说她叔叔将去火车站接她。

2.过去将来时的用法

（1）表示在过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：

I told him I would see him off at the station.我跟他说，我会到车站去给他送行。

He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.他说他要到上海度假。

He said he would stay with us.他说他要与我们呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again.他说他绝不会再去那儿。

注意：

过去将来时常用于宾语从句中。在宾语从句中，主句用了过去时态，从句表示将来时要用过去将来时。如：

He told me that I should succeed.他说我会成功。

（2）was/were+going to+动词原形，表示过去曾经打算或准备要做的动作或过去将要发生的或很有可能发生的动作。如：

They were going to have a meeting.他们曾经打算开个会。

I thought it was going to rain.我原以为天要下雨了。

（3）过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中，如：

If I were you，I would not do that.要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。

If he were here，he would show us how to do it.如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了。

（4）was/were going to+动词原形；was/were to+动词原形；was/were about to+动词原形，可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。如：

The conference was going to be held the next month.会议原计划下一个月举行。

We were to have our class at eight.八点我们本该上课了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in.就在我要告诉他这件事情的时候，吴东进来了。