2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型三阅读理解

这是一份2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型三阅读理解，共203页。
题型三　阅读理解
命题点分类集训
命题点1　细节理解(必考)
方法1 关键词定位法
Paragraph 1(2019北京阅读B节选)
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go­kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
1. What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go­kart?
A. To have a test drive. B. To take a good rest.
C. To give it a cool name. D. To paint it light blue.
Paragraph 2(2019陕西阅读C节选)
●Take a hot air balloon trip
Over 20 years ago, people in Goreme began to fly the first hot air balloon in the sky of this little town. Now, there are over one hundred balloons flying every day early in the morning as the sun rises. It is the best way to enjoy the amazing beauty of Goreme.
2. The best way to enjoy the beauty of Goreme is ________．
A. flying on a hot air balloon B. staying in a cave hotel
C. standing before the rock shapes D. visiting the open­air museum
Paragraph 3(2019河南阅读B节选)
Clara Daly was sitting on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when she heard a worried voice over the loudspeaker. “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language？”
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. An air hostess came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf，” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the air hostesses couldn't understand what he needed.
3. What was the air hostesses' problem?
A. They had a very difficult passenger.
B. They couldn't understand the passenger.
C. They didn't know the passenger's name.
D. They didn't have what the passenger wanted.
Paragraph 4(2019河北阅读C节选)
•Writing Competition The topic of the writing competition is “Exercise and Me”. The length of the writing is 500 words for this competition.
…
•After­school Exercise Classes The after­school exercise classes will run from 18 December to 14 January. In these classes, experienced coaches from the local exercise clubs will train our school members after school. They will also help our school members to make practical exercise plans.
4. What is the topic of the writing competition?
A. Exercise and Me. B. A School Activity.
C. Practical Exercise Plans. D. After­school Classes.
5. When will the after­school exercise classes start?
A. On 15 December. B. On 18 December.
C. On 14 January. D. On 15 January.
Paragraph 5(2019天津阅读B节选)
One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak, held a class meeting. “There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful event(活动)？” asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children, but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.
6．Why did Tom keep quiet in his seat?
A. He had other plans.
B. He didn't like Miss Mak.
C. He was not interested in the activity.
D. He was not brave enough to talk to the strangers.
Paragraph 6(2019云南省卷阅读B节选)
If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking. Sure it may fall, but with every fall, it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts(调整) to it. By doing this over and over, it will finally learn to walk. This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well. It works.
7. A baby should ________ when it wants to learn how to walk.
A. get up and start walking
B. sit there and think about how to walk
C. learn from its parents
D. read books about how to walk
Paragraph 7(2019广东省卷阅读A节选)
If you get bad messages online, don't reply. You should give them to your teacher, your family or the police. Ask an adult for help. Don't share something before you make sure it is true. That will help stop the cyberbullying(网络霸凌)．
8. If you get bad messages online, you should________．
A. share them with friends B. give them to your teacher
C. reply to them at once D. keep them as your secrets
方法2 转换相关语句法
Paragraph 8(2019北京阅读C节选)
Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand(增加) our experience of time.
9. According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by________．
A. going to bed on time B. traveling to new places
C. having dinner as usual D. printing the same materials
Paragraph 9(2019陕西阅读C节选)
Goreme is a beautiful town in Turkey. It is best­known for its strange rock shapes and hot air balloon trips during sunrise(日出). Here are some of the cool things visitors can do in Goreme.
...
10. Goreme is most famous for ________．
A. the cave hotels B. the open­air museum
C. the Dark Church D. the strange rock shapes
Paragraph 10(2019江西阅读B节选)
I am Turere. I come from Kitengela, a farming community on the edge(边缘) of Nairobi National Park of Kenya(肯尼亚). Since the age of nine, I have helped to look after my family's cows. As a child, in my free time, I enjoyed playing with electronics. I made my own inventions, such as electronic toys from car parts and other things. I also built other electronic devices(仪器) for my neighbors.
11. What was Turere interested in when he was a child?
A. Tricking the neighbors. B. Looking after cows.
C. Playing with electronics. D. Making car parts.
Paragraph 11(2019福建阅读A节选)
Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默症) last year. The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy(破坏) a person's memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments (判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelong disease.
12. What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor?
A. His brain wouldn't need examinations.
B. His memory could get better.
C. He might not judge things correctly.
D. He had to live by himself.
Paragraph 12(2019广东省卷阅读A节选)
What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying includes：
•sending bad messages online
•sharing photos online without permission
•not letting someone be part of an online group
•spreading lies online
13. Cyberbullying means bullying ________．
A. at school B. at home
C. on the street D. on the Internet
命题点2　推理判断(必考)
方法1　　针对文中细节的推断
Paragraph 1(2019陕西阅读B节选)
However, it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements. She said that in order to realize her dream, she experienced a lot of failures and pains. But she never gave up her dream. Instead, she followed her dream and fought for it.
She usually works at least 14 hours a day. Sometimes she even forgets to eat and rest and works until late night. She never gets tired because she thinks doing research is the most “comfortable” job for her.
In a TV interview, Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams. “All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.”
1. We can learn from the passage that ________．
A. Yan wanted to give up when she had failures and pains in research
B. Yan never gets tired because doing research is the easiest job
C. Yan achieved her dream because she had the courage to follow it
D. Yan made these achievements mainly by asking others for help
Paragraph 2(2019河北阅读A节选)
Benny: Wow! That was a great picnic. I'm so full that I can hardly move.
Grace: That's no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food. Peter, can you put out the fire, please? And clean up the place.
Peter: (Speaking unhappily to himself) How can I always get the dirty and difficult jobs？It's not fair.(Peter throws a bit of water on the fire. Then he picks up the ashes(灰烬) with an old newspaper and wants to throw them into the long grass.)
Susie: (Sounding surprised) What are you doing, Peter? That's d．..
Peter: Whoops... the paper has caught fire.
2. What word do you think Susie would say in the sentence “That's d．..”？
A. dirty B. difficult C. delicious D. dangerous
Paragraph 3(2019山西阅读B节选)
I knew that I had messed up. I thought about all the time and love my mom had given me. I thought about the food she had made, the toys she had bought and the long hours she had spent with me. There might not be a perfect mom, but there is mom's love, which can fix anything. After that day, for 364 days, I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day.
3. Why did the writer begin to expect Mother's Day?
A. Because he missed his mom far in the United States.
B. Because he wanted to spend more time with his mom.
C. Because he realized he had got much care from his mom.
Paragraph 4(2019重庆B卷阅读E节选)
Three years ago, my new school life began. As a junior boy from the countryside, I could hardly keep up. I tried, but still felt like an outsider. Nobody would pick me for teamwork. So I stayed in the corner, hanging my head low as if I didn't care. There was a fear in me that all my school life would be colorless.
4. When the writer just moved to the city, he ________．
A. enjoyed his new school life
B. had a hard time at his new school
C. stood outside the classroom
D. wanted to go back to the countryside
Paragraph 5(2019广东省卷阅读B节选)
Sensing First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it. Give your robot sensors(传感器): light sensors(eyes), touch sensors(hands), chemical sensors(nose), hearing sensors(ears)and taste sensors(tongue)．
5. The chemical sensors may help a robot to________．
A. see B. catch C. hear D. smell
Paragraph 6(2019宿迁阅读D节选)
Mr. and Mrs. March lived together with their four daughters. Amy was very shy. Beth loved being at home. Meg looked very pretty. Jo was tall and thin and she was a tomboy(假小子). Their home was always busy and full of noise and people. Next to them lived old Mr.Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. They lived in a very large and comfortable house. But it was a house without life.
6. From this paragraph, we know ________．
A. Jo's family had five members B. Jo and Laurie were neighbours
C. Laurie and his grandpa were busy D. the four sisters had the same hobby
方法2　　针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推断
Paragraph 7(2019重庆A卷阅读D节选)
Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.
Be calm(冷静). Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry can't solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved(卷入) in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are no winners in a fight.
...
7. The passage is written in a/an ________ tone(语气)．
A. sad B. angry C. serious D. crazy
Paragraph 8(2019福建阅读A节选)
It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It's me, Ray, Grandpa！” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.
8. Which of the following best describes the writer?
A. Smart. B. Caring. C. Honest. D. Brave.
Paragraph 9(2019宜宾阅读B节选)
Ni hao! The word “hello” in Chinese was the first word I learned in my first Chinese class. After class I was filled with enthusiasm and couldn't stop thinking about “ni hao” and all the new words yet to come. Not only were many more words and phrases waiting, but also the experiences I never expected.
9. How did the writer feel about his first Chinese class?
A. Satisfied. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. D. Worried.
方法3　　针对文章出处的推断
Paragraph 10(2019陕西阅读C节选)
Goreme is a beautiful town in Turkey. It is best­known for its strange rock shapes and hot air balloon trips during sunrise(日出). Here are some of the cool things visitors can do in Goreme.
●Stay in a cave(山洞) hotel...
●Take a hot air balloon trip...
●Visit the open­air museum...
●See the magical rock shapes...
If you want to have a cool journey to Turkey, the magical Goreme can be a better choice.
10. Where do you think this passage may come from?
A. A travel guide. B. A sports report.
C. A story book. D. A history magazine.
Paragraph 11(2019安徽阅读B节选)
Have you tried to run or walk for exercise and then given up? If you answered yes, you should try a new kind of exercise: aquatic(水中的)exercise. Aquatic exercise is like exercise on land, but you do it in a swimming pool. More and more people are trying aquatic exercise.
Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool. It is better for your knees than running or walking. Water is about 1，000 times thicker and heavier than air. To move through the water, your body has to work four times as hard. As a result, you can burn more calories(卡路里)．
…
But what if you are afraid of the water? No problem! There is nothing to worry about. Aquatic exercise is safe and easy to learn. It doesn't require any special skills. You don't even need to know how to swim. Aquatic exercise is for everyone.
11. In which part of a magazine can we read the text?
A. Culture. B. Health. C. Nature. D. Travel.
Paragraph 12(2019福建阅读B节选)
If you have your own Acme Rocket Launcher, you can create and send up rockets that show off your personality and creativity.
All you need is your Acme Rocket Launcher and a few simple household materials：
★a 500ml plastic cola bottle　　　 ★scissors
★colored markers　★poster board　★glue
What to do：
Step 1　Clean the cola bottle completely and allow it to dry.
Step 2　Use markers to draw three small triangles (三角形) and one large triangle
on the poster board. Cut out the triangles.
...
Follow the launching instructions included with your Acme Rocket Launcher and have a blast!
12. In which section of a newspaper would you probably read the text?
A. Sports News. B. Job Wanted.
C. Do It Yourself. D. Lost and Found.
方法4　　针对文章人物性格、感情色彩的推断
Paragraph 13(2019河北阅读B节选)
Tony, a nine­year­old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets(尿湿)his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he cannot possibly know how this has happened...
As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself. “Thank you, Dear! Thank you, Dear！”
Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy(同情). The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.
She tries to help, but they tell her, “You've done enough, you stupid！”
At the end of the day, as they are waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice, “You did that on purpose, didn't you？”
Emily says back in a quiet voice. “I wet my pants once, too.”
13. We know that Emily is a ________ girl from the passage.
A. careless and lazy B. quiet and bright
C. stupid and helpless D. kind and smart
Paragraph 14(2019天津阅读B节选)
Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, “Are you selling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children？” Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠) and Tom gave her a flag. “You made it！”laughed Angela.
In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last, their collection bags were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.
14. How did Tom and Angela feel after they sold the flag?
A. Bored. B. Shy. C. Confident. D. Sad.
命题点3　词义猜测(高频)
方法1　　根据上下文语境猜测词义
Paragraph 1(2019陕西阅读D节选)
Self­help books used to be something people laughed at. Many people didn't take chicken soup stories and “success theory(成功学)” books seriously. But now they are recognized by young people.
No matter why there is growing interest in self­help books, it's good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But are these books truly helpful? Read one and find out.
1. The underlined word “recognized” means ________ in the passage.
A. doubted B. refused C. accepted D. avoided
Paragraph 2(2019安徽阅读D节选)
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19，000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process(加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
2. What does the underlined word “desalination” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 远洋运输 B. 潮汐发电 C. 食盐销售 D. 海水淡化
Paragraph 3(2019河北阅读D节选)
The pen is very utilitarian. We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.
3. The underlined word “utilitarian” in the passage means “________”．
A. cheap B. boring C. special D. useful
Paragraph 4(2019重庆A卷阅读D节选)
Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack,_turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.
4. The underlined word “attack” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A. 拥抱 B. 攻击 C. 阻止 D. 吸引
Paragraph 5(2019天津阅读C节选)
...over half the people in the world may be sleep­deprived. Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents.
5．What does “sleep­deprived” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Having a good sleep. B. Excited about sleep.
C. Having less sleep. D. Interested in sleep.
方法2　　通过定义或释义关系猜测词义
Paragraph 6(2019德州阅读A节选)
Winter begins on the shortest day of the year. In the north this is on December 21 or 22. The weather is colder and in some places there is lots of snow. Plants and trees stop growing. Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep. This is called hibernation．
6. The meaning of the underlined word “hibernation” is ________ in Chinese.
A. 迁徙 B. 寒冷 C. 储藏 D. 冬眠
Paragraph 7(2019贵阳阅读A节选)
In most countries in Europe people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in South America people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space. Also, it's rude to interrupt Japanese people while they are talking to you. In other words, you must wait until they finish before you start speaking.
7. What does the underlined word “interrupt” mean in Chinese?
A. 跟随 B. 打断 C. 附和 D. 嘲笑
Paragraph 8(2019贺州阅读C节选)
Do not meet a person you have just met on the Internet. Consult elder people or someone who is experienced and if you have to go, take some reliable with you. That is to say, you can go with a person who you really believe in.
8. The underlined word “reliable” is closest in meaning to ________．
A. believable B. important C. honest D. successful
方法3　　通过同义词或近义词猜测词义
Paragraph 9(2019广东省卷阅读B节选)
Intelligence A robot needs some kind of “smarts”. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
9. The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence” in the last paragraph is ________．
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
Paragraph 10(2019兰州阅读C节选)
Local people cleaned the mountain last year, removing rubbish at a height of 5，200 meters. They collected about 8.4 metric tons(公吨) of rubbish.
10. The underlined word “removing” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________．
A. using up B. making better
C. putting on D. taking away
方法4　　通过反义词或反义关系猜测词义
Paragraph 11(2019连云港阅读D节选)
Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super­cold foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice­cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.
11. What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten?
A. 变松 B. 变紧 C. 变短 D. 变长
Paragraph 12(2019台州阅读C节选)
Alexa isn't the only AI willing to serve you. Apple HomePod has Siri and the upcoming Galaxy Home device will have Bixby. People who have these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting timers. According to a report from The Information, nowadays voice shopping is rare. But many scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing?
12. The underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．
A. unusual B. expensive C. harmful D. impossible
方法5　　通过举例猜测词义
Paragraph 13(2019怀化阅读C节选)
Stay away from people with flu
If a member of the family or a friend has flu, stay away from him/her until he/she is well. Flu is very communicable. If you stay with the person with flu, you can catch flu easily. Wear a mask(口罩)and avoid using things that the person with flu is using.
13. The underlined word “communicable ”means“________”．
A. 无效的 B. 致命的 C. 传染的
Paragraph 14(2019宁夏阅读B节选)
The date of the festival is said to be the date when Qu Yuan died—the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, so the date varies from year to year, such as it is June 20 in 2015, June 9 in 2016, May 30 in 2017, June 18 in 2018, June 7 in 2019, June 25 in 2020 and June 14 in 2021.
14. The underlined word “varies” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A. 推迟 B. 变化 C. 提前 D. 递进
方法6　　通过构词法猜测词义
Paragraph 15(2019福建阅读D节选)
Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression(印象)”？ It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true—the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.
15. What does the underlined word “reacts” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese?
A. 回应 B. 道歉 C. 报告 D. 建议
Paragraph 16(2019梧州阅读D节选)
Stress is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body's protection so that you are more likely (可能的) to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.
16. What does the underlined word “weaken” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A. 增强 B. 保护 C. 减弱 D. 预防
方法7　　通过生活常识猜测词义
Paragraph 17(2019潍坊阅读B节选)
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people, too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.
17. What does the underlined word “clown” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. 木偶 B. 小丑 C. 外星人 D. 蜘蛛侠
Paragraph 18(2019邵阳阅读B节选)
A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next day.
“This bird doesn't talk，” she told the pet shop owner.
18. The underlined word “parrot” in paragraph 1 means “________” in Chinese.
A. 孔雀 B. 鹦鹉 C. 鸽子
命题点4　主旨/段落大意(高频)
方法1　　开门见山
Paragraph 1(2019河北阅读C)
School Activity: the “Exercise Month”
A number of important school activities are coming up, and the biggest one is the “Exercise Month”．
What is our aim(目的)?
The “Exercise Month” is organised by the Youth Sports Club. The main aim of this activity is to improve our school members' knowledge about the importance of exercise.
What are our activities?
The “Exercise Month” will take place from 15 December to 15 January. During this month, a lot of activities will be held to show the importance of exercise.
...
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The aim of the school activities.
B. The different kinds of school classes.
C. The introduction about Exercise Month.
D. The school members' Youth Sports Club.
Paragraph 2(2019江西阅读C节选)
Playing video games and getting money for it seems like a dream job for many of today's teenagers. But is it all fun and games?
...
2. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Pro gaming isn't all fun and games.
B. The career as a pro gamer doesn't last long.
C. Being a pro gamer is a good choice for teenagers.
D. Being a pro gamer is an easy way to make money.
Paragraph 3(2019海南阅读A节选)
Do you use memes(表情包)to talk with your friends online? Memes are sometimes more fun to use than words. Here are some popular ones.
...
3. This passage is mainly about ________．
A. famous people B. lovely animals C. popular memes
方法2　　藏头露尾
Paragraph 4(2019云南省卷阅读B节选)
One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions. Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step. You will go further than those who are still in preparation. It's good to be prepared, but over­preparation in trying to reach a goal won't help you get results. The knowledge and skills that you need will be picked up along the way.
If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking. Surely it may fall, but with every fall, it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts(调整)to it. By doing this over and over again, it will finally learn to walk. This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well. It works.
Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that. Just take the first step.
4. The main idea of the passage is ________.
A. to tell us how to learn more
B. to tell us how to be successful
C. to talk about the importance of action
D. to talk about the importance of learning
Paragraph 5(2019襄阳阅读C节选)
...
The year passed quickly and Ronny had made some progress but he was still below the level of grade. A few weeks before the school year ended, I held an award(颁奖)ceremony. I had gifts and certificates(证书)for everyone. It took me a while to think about which Ronny fit; I believed the gift could cheer him up. I finally decided on “The Most Progressive Reader”. I showed his certificate and a book.
A few days later, I saw Ronny reading the book when I went back to the school. His teacher said, “He hasn't put that book down. That's the first book he's ever owned.”
Fighting_back tears(眼泪), I came near Ronny and asked, “Will you read me your book, Ronny？”He nodded.
And then, for the next few minutes, he read to me more smoothly than I'd ever thought. When he finished reading, Ronny closed his book and said，“Good book.”
At that moment, I knew I should do what an author(作家)had done—care children and make them excellent.
5. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. Many children aren't cared in some schools.
B. Children should be encouraged in their study.
C. Most children like to read if they have good books.
D. All the authors can be good teachers in primary schools.
方法3　　首尾呼应
Paragraph 6(2019曲靖阅读B节选)
Street dance is an energetic and exciting type of dance. It started with people dancing in the street rather than in a studio(练功房)．
...
Today bands have formed that combine(结合) singing with street dance. Street dance is becoming a popular culture.
6. The writer wants to tell us________.
A. the types of street dance
B. the history of street dance
C. the ways and time of performing street dance
D. the development and advantages of street dance
Paragraph 7(2019烟台阅读B节选)
...
Facing the ban of the U．S., Huawei is growing. Huawei's smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to a year earlier in the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far, Huawei has grown into the world's largest telecommunications equipment(电信设备)supplier, selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future.
7. What does the writer want to tell in the last paragraph?
A. Huawei will grow slowly.
B. Huawei is full of hope.
C. Huawei's sales will be doubled.
D. Huawei is the largest smartphone maker.
方法4　　藏龙卧虎
Paragraph 8(2019安徽阅读B节选)
...
Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool. It is better for your knees than running or walking. Water is about 1，000 times thicker and heavier than air. To move through the water, your body has to work four times as hard. As a result, you can burn more calories(卡路里)．
…
8. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Difference between air and water. B. Weight change of one's body.
C. The advantages of aquatic exercise. D. The ways to do aquatic exercise.
Paragraph 9(2019烟台阅读C节选)
...
In 1956，Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization, which later became the leading organization for China's rocket and air travel programs. In June 1964, China successfully created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important role in developing China's first man­made satellite(卫星). On April 24, 1970, “Dongfanghong­I” was successfully sent into the air.
...
9. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. The way Qian Xuesen tried to return to China.
B. The reason why a special organization was set up.
C. The role Qian Xuesen played in making the satellite.
D. The contribution Qian Xuesen has made to China.
命题点5　标题归纳(高频)
方法1　　根据主题句提炼标题
Paragraph 1(2019陕西阅读B节选)
Dreams are like stars. You may never catch them, but if you follow them, they will lead you to success. Yan Ning is such a dream follower.
Yan is a rising star in the science world. When Yan Ning was only a little girl, she dreamed of being a great scientist...
Now, Yan, 42, has become a leading biology researcher at Princeton...
However, it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements. She said that in order to realize her dream...
She usually works at least 14 hours a day. Sometimes she even forgets to eat and rest and works until late night. She never gets tired because she thinks doing research is the most “comfortable” job for her.
In a TV interview, Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams.“All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.”
1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. A Difficult Research. B. A Dream Follower.
C. A Smooth Road. D. A Famous University.
Paragraph 2(2019安徽阅读C节选)
...
Doyne felt that the street children's greatest need was a home. She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5，000 she saved from years of babysitting(当临时保姆). In 2008 the Kopila Valley Children's Home was set up. With the help from the community, another goal was reached in 2010—the Kopila Valley School. Over 350 children now attend the school and over 50 live in the home.
Today, Doyne lives in the home and is “mum” to the kids.
2. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Maggie Doyne—A Lonely Traveller
B. War in Western Nepal
C. Maggie Doyne—Mum to More Than 50
D. A Girl Lived on Her Own
Paragraph 3(2019河北阅读D节选)
...
Our coming into the world is recorded with a pen. Before we have been at school, our name is written on the name list with a pen. We cannot be married till we have signed. A pen records the important events in our life.
Let us remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument which man owns. The pen is a magic tool. Whenever you use it, enjoy it.
3. What is the best title for this passage?
A. A Powerful Tool B. An Important Law
C. A Valuable Record D. An Exciting Event
方法2　　关注核心及高频词汇
Paragraph 4(2019天津阅读C节选)
There are many ways to help improve your health like eating healthy food, taking exercise and getting medical help. But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night. The general sleeping rule is that the younger you are, the longer sleep you need. But regardless of(不管) age, some people need to sleep more while for some a few hours is enough.
The problem with sleep is that more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough. According to the World Health Organization, over half the people in the world may be sleep­deprived. Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents. In the United States alone, sleepy drivers cause at least 100，000 traffic accidents a year. Also sleep problems can cause medical problems such as high blood pressure(血压)．
...
For those who value work more than sleep, they should listen to what a famous person once said, “Don't think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the night. That is a foolish(愚蠢的) idea which is held by people who have no imagination. You will be able to do more.”
4. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Value of Sleep B. The Value of Study
C. The Ways of Eating Less D. The Ways of Making Money
Paragraph 5(2019重庆A卷阅读E节选)
Imagine a world with no more wild animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them...
Being among wild animals — feeding them and caring for them — is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does...
Soechting is the human “mother” to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas...
5. The best title of the passage may be “________”．
A. How to Save Wild Animals B. Soechting and Her Wild Animals
C. Two Reticulated Giraffes D. A World Without Wild Animals
命题点6　数字计算
Paragraph 1(2019滨州阅读D节选)
When in the field, their work starts at around 4 am. After drinking a cup of tea, they drive out into the bush (灌木丛) to find their subjects. Sometimes that is a lion pride(群). Lions are family animals, they usually live in groups of 15 or more. Sometimes that is a single leopard(花豹). They follow the animals for the day, filming, researching, and collecting facts, information or pictures. They don't stop working even when they have lunch. They are often back in camp by 8 pm.
1. How many hours do they usually work every day?
A. Eight. B. Ten. C. Twelve. D. Sixteen.
Paragraph 2(2019宿迁阅读A节选)
Tony is a student aged 15. He and his parents are going to travel around Beijing this summer. Below is some information that they have got.

The Summer Palace
Opening hours：
Monday­Sunday 6∶30­18∶00
Admission：
adult：￥30
student：￥15
child(under 6): free

The Badaling Great Wall
Opening hours：
Monday­Sunday 6∶00­19∶30
Admission：
adult：￥40
student：￥20
child(under 6)：free
2. How much will Tony and his parents pay if they visit the Summer Palace and the Badaling Great Wall?
A. ￥105. B. ￥140. C. ￥175. D. ￥210.
命题点7　写作意图
Paragraph 1(2019陕西阅读D节选)
If you walk into a bookstore, you might see shelves of books labelled(标注) “self­help”. You may not know what these books are about. In fact, more and more people are turning to self­help books for advice these days. You can't imagine that sales of these books in the UK reached 3，000，000 last year.
Self­help books are usually written by psychologists(心理学家)．..
Self­help books used to be something people laughed at...
No matter why there is growing interest in self­help books, it's good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But are these books truly helpful? Read one and find out.
1. The writer writes this passage mainly to ________．
A. increase people's happiness B. introduce self­help books
C. help us to plan time well D. encourage us to write books
Paragraph 2(2019重庆A卷阅读D节选)
Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.
...
2. The passage is written to ________．
A. help students keep away from fights B. warn students not to fight
C. advise students to help each other D. encourage students to work hard
Paragraph 3(2019宁波阅读B节选)
Many people might think that if they had more money, then they would be happier in life. For example, people might look at what others have, like expensive clothes or nice cars, and wish they could have the same. But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long.
But is that really true? Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. But it's not having money that brings happiness. Instead, it's giving money to others that makes people happy. It could be buying a present for a friend or a family member...
This idea of connecting your happiness to the happiness of others is described as ubuntu in an African language. There is even a story about a man visiting Africa who asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. The first child to touch the tree would get a sweet treat. Surprisingly, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. The children simply said they could only enjoy eating the treat if everyone had one.
3. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Buying new things can make people happy.
B. The key to happiness is making others happy.
C. If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.
D. People who have a lot of money might not be happy.
命题点8　文章结构
Paragraph 1(2019杭州阅读D)
If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark­colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, It is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.
Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color...
Some parents are worried too—for example, Vanessa Holburn, who has two girls under the age of four...
But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all...
1. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

Paragraph 2(2019重庆A卷阅读E节选)
Imagine a world with no more wild animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them.
Being among wild animals...is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life...
...On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world...
Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes...
Soechting also opens the farm to the public...
The farm is part conservation(保护)area, part educational center and part animal park...
2. The structure of the passage may be ________．

命题点9　代词/单词指代
Paragraph 1(2019河北阅读D节选)
Progress without it would have been almost impossible. The invention of the wheel, the introduction of steam engine(蒸汽机), the use of electricity, all these have changed the lives of millions of people, but the pen has done more. It has taken away mountains, and it has prepared the way for all progress and development of the society.
1. The word “mountains” in this paragraph refers to(指代)“something to ________”．
A. explain the use of electricity B. lower the students' scores
C. stop the social development D. change the law of the country
Paragraph 2(2019江西阅读B节选)
...
And a second idea I got was to use a scarecrow(稻草人). I was trying to trick the lions into thinking that I was standing near the cowshed. But lions are very clever. They will come the first day and they see the scarecrow, and they go back. But the second day, they'll come and they say, this thing is not moving here, it is always here! So he jumps in and kills the animals.
...
2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The lion. B. The scarecrow.
C. The cow. D. The cowshed.
话题分类集训
(时间：8～10分钟/篇　分值：2分/小题)
分点训练一　记叙文
话题1　教育故事
角度1　　 坚持不懈
Passage 1(2020安徽)
Darrius was born with three fingers on his right hand and one on his left hand. He had to work hard to do things that were easy for others. Every time his classmates tried to help, he would say, “Thanks,
but I can do it myself.” He learned to use the four fingers to do different things.
When Darrius was 10, he told his father that he liked piano(钢琴) music very much.“It's too
bad you can't play，” his father said. But the boy took that as a challenge(挑战). “I will show
people that I can，” he said to himself.
Months later, a neighbour gave him an old piano when she moved away. He taught himself to play the piano and practised for hours a day.
Darrius's favourite piano music is River Flows in You by Yiruma, a Korean musician. It took Darrius a year to learn it. “I have to come up with my own way with only 4 fingers，” he said. When he succeeded, he felt so proud. Later he was lucky enough to play the music together with Yiruma at a famous concert hall! Yiruma encouraged Darrius to follow his dream of playing his own music. Darrius has made it. And his music is popular today.
“I may have a disability，” he says, “but I don't let it hold me back from anything.”
1. What did Darrius take as a challenge at the age of 10?
A. Writing his music. B. Playing the piano.
C. Giving a concert. D. Visiting a hall.
2. How long did it take Darrius to learn to play River Flows in You?
A. A year. B. A month. C. A day. D. An hour.
3. Who encouraged Darrius to follow his dream?
A. His classmate. B. His father.
C. A neighbour. D. A musician.
4. What can we learn about Darrius from the text?
A. He has a strong will. B. He bought himself a piano.
C. He gave up his dream. D. He only plays others' music.
Passage 2(2020江西)
In 2007, Barrington Irving became the youngest person to fly alone around the world. He was just 23 years old — and he built the plane himself. How did he achieve this?
Irving's interest in flying started when he was 15. He was working in his parents' bookstore in Miami, Florida. One of the customers was a pilot, Gary Robinson. One day, Robinson asked Irving if he was interested in flying. Irving didn't think he was smart enough. But the next day, Robinson took Irving to an airport. He showed Irving inside the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a Boeing 777. That experience changed Irving's life.
Irving really wanted to fly, but flight school was expensive. To achieve his dream, he worked different jobs. He washed airplanes and cleaned swimming pools. At home, he practiced flying on a video game. In the end, he got enough money for flight school.
At flight school, Irving achieved his dream of learning how to fly. But he wasn't finished. Next, he planned to build his own plane and fly alone around the world.
Building the plane was difficult. Irving asked more than 50 companies for airplane parts. Most said no, but he persisted(顽强地坚持) in asking. Three years later, he had parts worth $300，000. Columbia, an airplane company, agreed to build a plane using the parts. Soon, his airplane was ready to fly.
On March 23, 2007, Irving began his round­the­world trip. After 97 days—with 145 hours in the air — he landed back in Miami. A cheering crowd of people was there to welcome him.
Irving saw many young people in the crowd, and this had a powerful effect (影响) on him. He wanted to use his experience to help other young people achieve their own dreams.
“Everyone told me what I couldn't do，” says Irving. “They said I was too young, that I didn't have enough money. But even if no one believes in your dream，” he says, “you have to pursue (追求) it.”
1. Why was Gary Robinson important in Irving's life?
A. He got Irving interested in flying. B. He sent Irving to a flight school.
C. He helped Irving build a plane. D. He taught Irving how to fly.
2. 全国视野新考法 Put the events about Irving in the correct order.
a. Irving got the parts for his plane. b. Irving flew around the world.
c. Irving met Gary Robinson. d. Irving learned to fly.
A. c－d－a－b B. c－a－d－b
C. b－c－a－d D. b－c－d－a
3. What can we know about Irving' s personality according to the passage?
A. Clever and honest. B. Humorous and responsible.
C. Polite and powerful. D. Hard­working and persistent.
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Becoming a Pilot. B. Life in Flight School.
C. Achieving a Dream. D. Building Your Own Plane.
Passage 3(2020武汉)
Hope Matters
Reyes Guana, 42, grew up in a poor Mexican family. He has seven brothers and sisters. His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet.
As a boy, Guana had a good relationship with the school cleaner. He called her “Nike” because she wore Nike shoes. The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told her he wanted to be a cleaner, too. “Well, it's good if you want to be a cleaner，” Nike told little Guana. “But make sure you go to college.”
Guana also looked up to the principal (校长) of his school. The school leader told the boy that his job was to help students and teachers. “Wow, when I grow up, I want to do what you're doing，” Guana told him. “Well, if you stick to your dream, you will，” the principal replied.
And Guana really got_there. But it was quite a long journey for him. Twenty­three years ago, he followed in Nike's footsteps and was cleaning schools. He worked at three schools to pay for his college education. He held that job for four years and then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years.
Now, as a principal, Guana never forgets where he came from. He helps students from poor families and shows respect (尊重) for every school staff member. He always invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who drive the school buses.
1. Guana hoped to be a cleaner because he ________．
A. was good at cleaning
B. admired the cleaner “Nike” a lot
C. needed to support his poor family
D. had to pay for his college education
2. Guana became a school safety monitor ________．
A. when he was nineteen B. after he worked as a teacher
C. as soon as he got enough money D. before he was named principal
3. The underlined phrase got there is closest in meaning to________．
A. went back to “Nike” B. entered a college
C. realized one's dream D. became well­known
4. According to the writer, ________．
A. Guana should have been named principal earlier
B. a boy from a poor family can have a bright future
C. a cleaner is more important than a college student
D. the cleaners and the drivers should get more respect
5. What would be another title for this passage?
A. From Cleaner to Leader B. Different Jobs
C. From Failure to Success D. Relationship Works
角度2　　 帮助他人
Passage 4(2020绍兴)
On February 12, 2019, Brendon Fontaine blew out five candles on a birthday cake. “He loved the cake so much，” says his mother, Faith, who lives in Winnipeg with Brendon. “I had to hide it in the back of the fridge.”
Brendon's surprise came from Cakes for Kids, a group of home bakers(烘焙师) who know that a simple birthday cake can be uncommon for poor families like the Fontaines.
The group was set up three years ago by Christy Rogowski, a 40­year­old who works in health care software, and her partner, Wendy Singleton. “Imagining a child who wasn't going to have a birthday cake was really upsetting，” Rogowski says.
A Facebook call­out for volunteers finally added 150 bakers to their name list. When volunteers first apply(申请), they're asked why they want to do so. “Some people have said that they didn't have a cake on their birthday growing up, and they know how important it is，” says Singleton. More commonly, though, they say they want families in need to know that their neighbors care about them.
The names of the cake receivers are provided by community organizations and Winnipeg Child and Family Services. A child might receive a cake because the family is poor. Sometimes a child is sick, leaving the family too busy to make the treat themselves. Cakes also go to children living in foster care(寄养). Jodi Korolyk, a worker with Winnipeg Child and Family Services, has so far ordered birthday cakes for five of the almost 800 kids in their system. “It shows the child they have a lot of people there to support them，” she says.
By the end of last year, Cakes for Kids had baked over 575 cakes to mark kids' birthdays, and the baking continues. Rogowski and Singleton are even considering developing the program nationally and also providing cakes for old people who live alone. After all, there's no age difference when it comes to the positive role of a well­timed cake.
1. The example of Brendon is given to help explain why ________．
A. cakes should be put in the fridge B. children like cakes so much
C. Cakes for Kids was set up D. some families became poor
2. We can see from the passage that the group Cakes for Kids ________．
A. pays its workers much money B. has a history of three years
C. cares about volunteers' health D. gives away cakes online
3. Paragraph 5 mainly tells us ________．
A. where kids can celebrate birthdays B. how cakes are sent to kids
C. who can probably receive cakes D. when cakes need to be ordered
4. The last paragraph shows that Rogowski and Singleton plan to ________．
A. offer cakes to the old living alone B. make another 575 birthday cakes
C. improve their skills in making cakes D. create new kinds of birthday cakes
Passage 5(2020襄阳)
My husband Shane and I were hanging out on the street one evening. I was talking but he was looking over at someone.
He walked over to a young girl who was crying. As he talked to her, I could see from his body language that he was trying to calm(使平静) her down. When I joined them, I realized that she had been homeless for some time. She told Shane that all she wanted was to go to her sister's house in another city.
Some people would have handed her some money, wished her lunch or maybe allowed her to make a call. Shane did much more. He said，“Kelly, I can't leave her here like this. Sometimes people need someone not only to help them but to believe they're telling the truth.”
It was a bit cold, so we had an idea to take her home. When I asked her if she'd like to go home with us, she thanked me about a million times with tears in her eyes.
We went home and I gave her some clean clothes to wear and told her she could use the shower. We ate something. Finally, she told us her story.
In the morning she was finally able to get a hold of her sister, so she had a place to go. Shane drove her to the bus station and bought her a ticket.
Sometimes what people need is not just money, but people who will trust, listen to and understand them.
1. Kelly knew Shane was making the girl be quiet because she ________．
A. heard what they said B. saw his body language
C. asked Shane what he said D. was doing the same thing
2. Shane wanted to ________ when he knew her trouble on the street.
A. give the girl some money B. let the girl use his phone
C. have a lunch with the girl D. take the girl to their home
3. Choose the true sentence according to the fourth paragraph.
A. The girl was so hungry that she began to cry.
B. The girl didn't believe in Shane and Kelly at all.
C. The girl agreed to go with Shane and Kelly soon.
D. Kelly felt unhappy when she heard what Shane said.
4. The phrase “get a hold of” in the sixth paragraph means “________”in Chinese.
A. 联系 B. 抓住 C. 看到 D. 控制
5. From this article we know ________．
A. Shane drove the girl to her sister's home
B. Shane and Kelly met the girl's sister at last
C. the girl's sister and Shane lived in the same city
D. the girl went to the city her sister lived in by bus
角度3　　人生态度
Passage 6(2020福建)
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize
her middle school. Claire asked the school board(董事会) to add solar panels to the
project because, she explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25，000 — one­fifth of the cost.
So Claire organized a group of kids and grown­ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second­hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations(捐赠), even going door­to­door for them. One donated more than half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one­fourth of the school's electricity needs — saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community，” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there's a challenge(挑战) presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as a chance to overcome it.”
1. After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire ________．
A. raised $25，000 B. asked for more help
C. sold old newspapers D. donated half the cost
2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)?
A. Solar panels. B. Second­hand books.
C. Shows. D. Donations.
3. 全国视野新考法 Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels?

4. From Claire's words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________．
A. hard work was her favorite
B. the project went smoothly
C. a small thing makes a big difference
D. solar panels cost a lot
5. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A Dependent Girl B. A Modern School
C. Don't Waste Energy D. Never Give Up
Passage 7(2020泰州)
Once upon a time, a king dressed up and went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the main road and hid gold coins under the stone. Then he hid behind a huge tree and watched.
The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart(小车). He crashed into the stone and the milk spread all over the ground. “What fool put this stone here？” he shouted. He picked himself up and angrily went away.
After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. One woman tripped over(绊倒)the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. She picked herself up and walked away in tears. Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody was willing to move it. The king wondered, “Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbors from harm？”
Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along. She was the daughter of a local farmer. She had been working all day and was very tired. But when she saw the stone, she said to herself, “This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the road after dark. I'll move it out of the way.”
After a great deal of effort, the girl finally succeeded in moving the stone to the side of the road. Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!
Just then, the king stepped out from behind the tree. “Oh sir，” the girl said, “Is this gold yours? If not, we surely must find the owner, for he will certainly miss it.”
The king said, “My dear, the gold is mine, but now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I want to teach my people. Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.”
1. How did the milkman feel when he crashed into the stone?
A. Angry. B. Sad. C. Curious. D. Worried.
2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “responsibility” in Paragraph(段落) 4?
A. 欲望 B. 兴趣 C. 责任 D. 能力
3. Why did the king place a stone on the road?
A. He wanted to give the girl a reward.
B. He wanted to hide gold coins under it.
C. He wanted to play a trick on his people.
D. He wanted to see if anyone would move it.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. All the people complained about the stone.
B. It was not easy for the girl to move the stone.
C. One of the women in the group tried to move the stone.
D. The girl was excited when seeing the gold coins under the stone.
5. What's the best title(标题)of the passage?
A. A wise king B. A kind girl
C. A stone on the road D. Gold coins under the stone
Passage 8(2020盐城)
The next time Wayde saw Manningtree, he said, “Could you let me have a little of that medicine? Just enough to see if it works. I'm sorry to trouble you.”
“I have only a very small amount left. It will take me some time to find out how to make more.”
“I will pay you anything you ask，” Wayde said.
“Don't give me anything now, but promise to pay me $10，000 when you become Prime Minister(首相)．”
Wayde laughed. “That's impossible，” he said. “I shall never become Prime Minister.”
“Who knows？” Manningtree said. “Give me a week, and I'll see what I can do.”
A week passed. Then, Manningtree came to visit Wayde again. He brought with him a small bottle.
“I cannot find out how to make more of this medicine，” he said, “but you can have what's left. I don't need it anymore.”
“That's very generous of you，” Wayde said. “How can I ever thank you？”
“Just take one small drop of the medicine once a month，” Manningtree said.
Wayde took the bottle from his friend. Once a month, he took one small drop.
The effect(效果) was immediate. Suddenly, he was not nervous anymore. He was not shy anymore, either. He was confident of his abilities.
He started a business and within a year became a millionaire. He met and married one of country's most intelligent and beautiful women and had two lovely children with her. He ran for parliament(议会) and succeeded. Within two years, he was a minister. Two years later, he became Prime Minister.
One day, he went to see Manningtree.
“You have come to give me $10，000，” Manningtree said with a laugh. “Forget it.
I don't want it.”
“You can certainly have it if you want it，” Wayde said. “But that is not the reason
I have come to see you.”
“Oh? And what is the reason？” Manningtree asked.
“I have almost finished the medicine you gave me，” Wayde said. “Have you found out how to make it？”
Again Manningtree laughed. “Oh, yes，” he said. “I have known how to make it for this time. I knew how to make it when I was at school.”
“What do you mean？” Wayde asked.
“My dear friend and Prime Minister，” Manningtree said, “the medicine I gave you was just a bottle of distilled water.”
“But the colour.”
“Oh, I added some coloring.”
“Then, the medicine did me no good，” Wayde said.
“It didn't need to. There was nothing wrong with you. All you needed was to have confidence in yourself.”
1. 全国视野新考法 The story is organized ________．
A. in time order B. in space order
C. from specific to general D. from general to specific
2. What happened to Wayde after taking the medicine?
A. He got rich in a week as expected.
B. He suddenly got nervous and shy.
C. He succeeded in becoming Prime Minister.
D. He became the most intelligent man in the country.
3. Why did Wayde come to see Manningtree years later?
A. To say thanks to the doctor.
B. To ask for more of the medicine.
C. To pay for the medicine.
D. To give the rest of the medicine back.
4. What do we know about the medicine?
A. It cost Wayde$10，000. B. It was useful but expensive.
C. It didn't work well on Wayde. D. It was made up of water and coloring.
5. What can we learn from the story?
A. Confidence is the secret of success. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. Helping others is helping ourselves. D. Too much medicine is bad for health.
角度4　　感恩
Passage 9(2020嘉兴)
It was last January, when I'd just finished a charity(慈善) and was on the train back home, that I put down my phone and started writing thank­you notes to people who had helped.
When I got off the train, I felt amazingly good. The next day, I wrote more thank­yous and the same feeling of happiness hit me again. I suddenly had the idea: Why not keep on doing this for every day of the year?
To keep on task, I decided to pick out a different theme for each month. January was charity. February would be neighbors, I decided. And I thought of a number of names right away: the owner of our local bookstore, who let me and my little son in before the store opened and offered to play his favorite songs; our babysitter, who dropped off a bag of old board games for our kids to play；...
While writing the notes, I realized how often I had spent my time on the phone moving from app to app, appreciating(欣赏) other people's lives. Writing thank­you notes allowed me the time to do something different, paying more attention to my own life.
In the following months, I wrote to my friends, doctors, teachers and parenting role models. In July, my “food” month, I wrote to Julie, who used to cook at my favorite restaurant. It went like this：
Dear Julie，
I've been finding myself missing you lately. Thank you for hosting and cooking beautiful and thoughtful food. Jake and I will never forget when you sent out biscuits shaped into the number VI for our sixth anniversary(周年纪念日). We talk about it every year.
Thank you. We miss you.
Love，
Gina
I was happy to receive a note back from her. Julie replied, “I don't think I've ever received such a touching letter before. I'm going through a hard time right now, and this helps.”
On December 31, I wrote my last card — to Jake, my husband, and our two kids. And I took a picture of us, so I could remember the feeling welling up inside me. Gratitude.
1. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 means ________．
A. writing thank­you notes B. putting the phone away
C. taking the train back home D. raising money for charity
2. How did Julie most probably feel after reading the note from Gina?
A. Shy and surprised. B. Pleased and relaxed.
C. Nervous and excited. D. Moved and encouraged.
3. The theme of the December notes might be “________”．
A. photos B. family C. holidays D. community
4. What did Gina get by doing her task according to the passage?
A. Many thanks from her neighbors.
B. More time to appreciate her own life.
C. More help from people around her.
D. Happy moments to be with her friends.
5. The best title for the passage can be ________．
A. My Thank You Year B. An Amazing Trip
C. Happiness inside Us D. Important People in Our Life
角度5　　内在美
Passage 10(2020苏州)
“This is John，” said Mr Turner. The boy standing next to him was tall, with a friendly face. I noticed Adam and Chen give each other the thumbs (大拇指) up. That meant they were going to invite him to join the cool group. They smiled at him and he smiled back.
Mr Turner always gave new students a buddy with the same hobbies as them. I was sure he wouldn't choose me. I wasn't one of the cool kids.
“Hyun, I want you to be John's buddy this term，” said Mr Turner. Me? I couldn't believe my ears! Everyone in the class looked in my direction. Adam and Chen even looked unhappy.
John walked over to my desk and sat down beside me. He smiled at me. “Hello，” he said in a confident voice.
“Hello，” I replied, not looking at him.
All morning I could feel the boys in the cool group looking angrily at me, but John didn't seem to notice.
Finally the bell rang for a break. I had butterflies in my stomach. I knew that Adam and Chen were going to make fun of me in front of John, and that John would decide that he'd rather be buddies with them.
Sure enough, as soon as we got outside, Adam and Chen swaggered (大摇大摆地走) up to us.
“Mr Turner says you're a good basketball player, John，” said Adam. “How'd you like to play with us at lunch break? Hyun doesn't know anything about basketball.”
“No thanks，” said John. “I'd rather play chess with Hyun, if he doesn't mind. Mr Turner says he's an excellent player.”
I was walking on air as John and I crossed the playground. I remembered the saying we learnt in class about not judging (判断) a book by its cover. I completely misjudged John.
1. The underlined “him” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________．
A. Adam B. Mr Turner C. Chen D. John
2. The sentence “I was walking on air...” in the last paragraph shows that the writer felt ________．
A. happy B. nervous C. calm D. lonely
3. What can we learn from the story?
A. Adam and Chen were not only cool but also friendly.
B. Hyun realized appearance didn't always tell the truth.
C. John didn't want to make friends with Hyun at first.
D. Hyun was a cool kid and good at playing basketball.
角度6　 遵守规则
Passage 11(2020嘉兴)
It's late evening in the middle of the winter. The snow is deep, but off I go into the wild. Suddenly, I hear it: the howl(嚎叫)of wolves. Excitedly, I walk faster in the direction of the howling.
I've been working as a volunteer wolf tracker in Yellowstone National Park for over a year. It's my job to follow wolves to record information about them. Like wolves, however, I don't work alone. I'm one of a team of people who have been in a project to help reintroduce wolves to the park.
Humans have always feared wolves. From fairy tales to movies, the wolf is always the bad guy—a danger to humans and other animals. In the 1920s, the organizers of the park shared this view about wolves and made the decision to drive them away from the park. As a result, the number of elk(麋鹿) in the park increased. The elk started looking for food near river banks since they didn't have to worry about wolves. This, in turn, stopped trees from growing along the rivers, doing great harm to the environment there.
The return of wolves has already made a big difference. To begin with, the elk soon learned to stay away from the rivers, so new trees have been able to grow there. The trees become home to new wildlife, such as birds, and provide food for more animals.
The park is now becoming more and more popular with those who want to see wolves in their natural environment. It has also helped the local people make more money. Tourists visit the area, stay in the local hotels, and eat in the local restaurants.
Looking at the wild animals and the beautiful sceneries around me, I am amazed at the changes the wolf has made to Yellowstone. And_happily,_it_is_playing_a_good_guy_in_this_story.
1. According to the passage, one of a wolf tracker's jobs is to ________．
A. catch wolves in the park B. feed wolves in the wild
C. stop wolves from killing elk D. collect information about wolves
2. Why did the organizers drive the wolves away from the park in the 1920s?
A. The wolves were always howling at night.
B. The elk in the park were in danger of dying out.
C. The wolves had done great harm to the environment.
D. The park was thought to be unsafe with wolves around.
3. Paragraphs 4 and 5 are mainly about the ________ that wolves have brought to Yellowstone.
A. risks B．troubles C．changes D．competitions
4. What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. Wolves are important to Yellowstone.
B. Yellowstone has been home to wolves.
C. The wolf and the elk live in peace now.
D. The number of wolves is growing fast.
角度7　　责任
Passage 12(2020泸州)
In some parts of Holland the land lies so low that the people have to build great walls of sand and earth, to keep out the sea. These walls are called dykes(堤坝)．
Sometimes the water from the sea breaks down these walls, and then the sea rushes in through the beach, and spreads over the land.
Houses and trees, cows and sheep, have been thus washed away, and many people drowned(溺水)．
Once, when a little boy was going home in the evening, he saw a hole in one of the dykes, through which the water was flowing(流出)．
His father had often told him that when this happened, unless the water was stopped it would soon make the hole so big that the sea would flow over the land.
At first he thought he would run home and tell his father. But then he said to himself, “It may be dark before father can come, and we shall not be able to find the hole again. Or it may get so large that it will be too late to stop it. I must stay now, and do the best I can alone.”
The brave little boy sat down, and put his hand in the hole, to keep back the water. There he stayed, hour after hour, in the cold and the dark, all through the night!
In the morning, a man came past and saw him. He could not think what the boy was doing there. So he called out to him, ——
“What are you doing there, my boy？”
“There is a hole in the dyke，” said the boy, “and I am keeping back the water.”
Poor little boy! He was so cold and tired that he could hardly speak.
The man came quickly and set him free. He got the hole closed up, and thus the land was saved, —thanks to the brave little Hollander!
1. Who first found the hole in the dyke?
A. The father. B. The boy. C. A man. D. A visitor.
2. Why did the boy stay and stop the hole alone?
A. His father told him to do so. B. He was strong enough to stop it.
C. He knew the best way to stop it. D. It would be too late to ask for help.
3. How did the boy try to keep back the water?
A. He built another wall.
B. He sat against the hole.
C. He sat down with his hand in the hole.
D. He got some sand and earth to fill in the hole.
4. When seeing the boy, the man ________．
A. asked him what happened and then closed up the hole
B. thought the boy was in good condition
C. closed up the hole with him
D. helped him without a word
5. What can be the best title of the text?
A. A smart man. B. A cold night.
C. A dangerous hole. D. A brave little Hollander.
话题2　趣味故事、童话故事和名著
Passage 1(2020重庆A卷)
People say laughter is the best medicine, but sometimes too much of a good thing may not be so good. What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that.
Last night I was alone at home. When I was watching a funny movie, I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself.
At first, I was feeling good.
But after about 5 minutes, I came to know I wasn't going to stop at all. I began to feel a little worried.
Time for bed. But I couldn't sleep because I kept laughing. So I got up and started doing some housework. I cleaned my apartment, laughing hard. I washed all the dishes left over from dinner, still laughing crazily. I tried to hold my cat in my arms, but it ran away from me in fear. I spent the rest of the night in front of my computer, of course, still laughing.
When time finally came to get ready for work, I realized that I simply couldn't go to the office like that. I decided to call my boss for leave, but laughing was the only thing I could do on the phone.
After listening to my “lovely” laughter for a few minutes, my boss couldn't help shouting angrily, “Are you mad? You're fired(解雇)！”
Suddenly I woke up. Thank God! I just had a dream.
1. What happened last night made the writer________．
A. understand something B. forget his pain
C. keep doing housework D. get a good job
2. When the writer was watching a movie, he suddenly started________．
A. crying B. coughing C. jumping D. laughing
3. The cat ran away because________．
A. it was going to sleep B. it was afraid of the writer
C. it wanted to have dinner D. it saw a mouse running
4. How did the writer's feelings change in the story?
A. relaxed—angry—good B. good—excited—worried
C. good—worried—relaxed D. worried—good—angry
Passage 2(2020宁波)
Long long ago, there lived a man and a woman who had seven sons. The couple wanted a daughter very much, and finally, they had a girl. She was very pretty and her parents loved her very much. One day the father needed water for the child, so he sent the seven brothers to a well(井)in the forest to get it. Once there, though, the boys began to fight and the water jug(壶) fell into the well. The boys looked into the well and thought of their father. They were afraid to go home.
Hours passed. “Where are those boys？” shouted the angry father. “They are probably playing a game and have forgotten about the water. I wish they were all turned into ravens(乌鸦)！” And when he looked up, he saw seven black birds flying away. The father was shocked. “What have I done？” he thought. But it was too late. He could not take back his words.
Later, the girl grew up and discovered she had brothers. The story of their bad luck influenced her deeply, and she decided to find them.For years, she searched and did not stop. She made up her mind to find them. Finally, she found their home. To enter, she needed a special key made from a chicken bone, which she did not have. The girl thought for a moment, and then took a knife and cut off one of her fingers. With it, she opened the front door and went inside. On a table, there were seven plates and seven cups. She ate and drank a little from each of them. In the last cup, she accidentally dropped a ring that her parents had given her.
Later that day, the ravens returned for their meal. The girl hid behind the door and watched. When the seventh raven drank from his cup, something hit his mouth. The raven recognized it at once—it was his parents' ring. “I wish our sister were here，” he said, “and then we could be free.” At that moment, their sister ran to them, and suddenly the ravens were human again. The brothers kissed their sister, and all eight of them went home together happily.
1. Why were the seven brothers afraid to go home at first?
A. They lost their father's ring. B. They threw away the water jug.
C. They didn't get back any water. D. Seven black ravens shocked them.
2. What can we infer(推断) from the underlined sentence in Para.2?
A. The father regretted what he had said.
B. The father was not pleased with his life.
C. The father was worried about his little girl.
D. The father was angry with what his sons had done.
3. What was the first thing the girl did after she entered the raven's house?
A. She ate and drank. B. She hid behind a door.
C. She took out a knife. D. She sat and waited for the ravens.
4. How did the ravens become human again?
A. They ate a magic ring.
B. One raven made a wish after seeing the ring.
C. Their sister kissed them.
D. They drank with a special cup from their father.
5. What lesson can we learn from the story?
A. Don't talk to strange people. B. Work hard and you will be happy.
C. Your parents always know best. D. Think carefully about what to say.
Passage 3(2020衢州)
My father, who was always drunk and angry, beat me more and more every day. He always locked the door when he went away and kept the key in his pocket. One day I found an old saw(锯子) that he hid in the roof. When I was alone in the house, I started to make a hole on the floor under the big table.
The next day my father said, “Huck, go to the river and catch some fish for breakfast. Quickly! And don't try anything. Remember, I'm watching you！”
While I was fishing by the river, I saw an empty boat nearby.
“A boat！” I thought, happily. “This is my chance to escape. I'll hide the boat near some trees and use it tonight！”
When my father went to town that afternoon, I got my saw and started to work on the hole. It was late afternoon when I finished making the hole.
“I did a good job，” I thought, looking at the hole. “Now I'll get my father's gun. I have a plan...”
I looked outside the window and there was nobody there. I quickly escaped through the hole. Then I ran into the woods to hunt a wild pig. Luckily, I found one. I shot it and took it back to the house and let the pig's blood fall on the wooden floor of the house. Then I pulled some of my hair out and put it on my father's ax(斧子)with some of the pig's blood. I took the pig's body outside and put it in a big bag with some rocks, and threw it into the river.
“This way people will think____▲____！” I thought. “They'll come and look for my body in the river.” This idea made me smile.
I waited until it was dark and got into the boat and went to Jackson's Island. I knew about Jackson's Island because Tom, Ben, Joe and I had a lot of fun adventures there.
(Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain)
1. 全国视野新考法What's the correct order of the following?
①Huck hid a boat. ②Huck found a saw.
③Huck went fishing. ④Huck killed a wild pig.
A. ①④②③ B. ③②①④ C. ②①③④ D. ②③①④
2. Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank“________”？
A. my father went away and I'm sad
B. the pig's blood is mine and I'm dead
C. I killed the wild pig and I'm brave
D. my friends helped me and I'm lucky
3. Huck went to Jackson's Island because he wanted to____▲____．
A. meet his friends B. look for the treasure
C. take an adventure D. escape from his father
4. According to the passage, what is Huck like?
A. Brave and clever. B. Funny and helpful.
C. Lazy and careless. D. Boring and stupid.
Passage 4(2020南充)
One dollar and eighty­seven cents. That was all. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty­seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas. She could not afford a present, so she sat down and cried.
Jim and Della had two possessions(财产) which they were both proud of. One was Jim's gold watch that was from his father and his grandfather. The other was Della's beautiful hair. It fell about her, and reached below her knee.
Della put on her old brown jacket and her old brown hat. Then she went out of the door and down the stairs to the street.
She stopped at a store. The sign in front of the store read “Hair Goods”. “Will you buy my hair？” asked Della. “Twenty dollars.”the woman said.
Then Della searched through the stores looking for a present for Jim.
She found it at last. lt was a watch chain. The bill was twenty­one dollars. At seven o'clock, the coffee was made and dinner was ready. Jim was never late. Della heard his steps on the stairs.
The door opened and Jim walked in. He stopped inside the door. His eyes were fixed on Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read.
“Jim，” she cried, “don't look at me that way. I sold my hair to buy you a Christmas present.”Jim drew a box from his pocket and put it on the table.
Della opened it. There lay the set of combs(梳子) that she had always wanted. Now they were hers, but her hair was gone.
She smiled and held out Jim's present. “I hunted all over town to find it. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it.”
Instead of obeying(服从), Jim sat down, put his hands behind his head and smiled.“Della，” he said，“I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs.”
1. Della counted her money three times because________
A. she was not good at counting money.
B. she had nothing to do but count money.
C. she got different numbers each time she counted it.
D. she wished she could have more money.
2. How could Jim feel when he fixed his eyes on Della?
A. Shocked. B. Excited. C. Embarrassed. D. Angry.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 10 refer to?
A. The box. B. The watch.
C. The watch chain. D. The set of combs.
4. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A. They lived a rich life. B. They loved each other deeply.
C. Della didn't like her hair. D. They might have a fight at last.
5. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Beautiful Hair B. Christmas Gifts
C. Disappointing Christmas D. Ancient Possessions
Passage 5(2020常德)
Robert likes to take a walk in the park after work. One day when he was walking in the
park, he heard a woman calling his name. He stopped to look around, but didn't see
anything except a little snake. Shortly after Robert saw it, it was gone.
Though Robert felt a little strange, he did not think about it too much and sat down for a rest on a bench in the park. Then he noticed the snake he had just seen climbing up the bench. Robert was too afraid to move away from the bench. Right at this moment, a woman behind him shouted, “Come here, Robert. You can't stay on the bench like that. People will be scared by you.”
In surprise, Robert turned around and said to the woman, “Excuse me, but that's not a very nice thing to say, and in fact some people say I'm handsome.”
“I'm not talking to you，” said the woman. “I'm telling Robert, my pet snake, to get down from the bench, not you.”
1. What did Robert see when he heard someone calling his name in the park?
A. Nothing. B. A snake. C. A woman.
2. How did Robert feel when he saw the snake climbing up the bench?
A. Happy. B. Excited. C. Scared.
3. Why did Robert turn around and say something to the woman?
A. He thought the woman was talking to him.
B. He felt ashamed for his bad looking.
C. He thought he was not polite.
4. What is the best title for the story?
A. Two Roberts B. Be Polite to Me C. Sorry, I Made a Mistake
话题3　人物介绍
角度1　 名人介绍
Passage 1(2020长沙)
On June 9th, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in
The New York Times read：“Death of the Great Novelist...Will Be Remembered by the People...”
The headline was not overstating(夸大)the popularity of Dickens. Even today, the British
novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some unforgettable characters.
You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations(改编版本)of Dickens' works. A Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50.
Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor(文学教授) who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects(情感效果) among his readers. In his works, he paid special attention to the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th­century novelists wrote entertaining(娱乐的) works. However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers deeply.
Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed.
This year marks the 150th year of Dickens' death. It's another chance to remember this great writer. Will you read or re­read some of his famous works?
1. What is Paragraph(段落) 2 mainly about?
A. Personality of Dickens. B. Appearance of Dickens.
C. Popularity of Dickens.
2. As a novelist, why has Dickens remained so popular?
A. He wrote for fun.
B. He wrote from his heart.
C. He mainly wrote for the upper class.
3. 全国视野新考法 When people read Dickens' novels, they could ________．
① meet the “little man” at the bottom of society in the UK
② know about the social reality at that time
③ not be influenced by the works at all
④ think about how to make a difference to their society
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④
4. What does the underlined word “inequality” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. 不平等 B. 不现实 C. 不稳定
5. The purpose of writing this text is probably to ________．
A. introduce Charles Dickens' life and death
B. encourage readers to read or re­read Charles Dickens' works
C. present the similarities between Charles Dickens and other writers
Passage 2(2020抚顺、本溪、辽阳)
There's a lot of good news about Chinese volleyball player Zhu Ting.
She was named as the Most Valuable Volleyball Player of the China Volleyball Association for the 2019－2020 season. At the same time, readers can find her story in a children's book When I Grow Up—Sports Heroes. A British publishing house(出版社) published the book. It's about how children become sports superstars. Those superstars include LeBron James and Lionel Messi.
Zhu Ting now plays for the Tianjin Bohai Bank Women's Volleyball Club. Last season, she helped Tianjin win its 12th top league title(联赛冠军). She is also the captain(队长)of China's women's national volleyball team. When she first joined the national team, the 1. 98­meter­tall girl found it difficult to move quickly because she was so tall. But head coach Lang Ping trained her to jump high and spike the ball(扣球). Since then, the fighting spirit of the national team has inspired(激励) her. After hard practice, she became a great spiker.
She used to play volleyball in Turkey and she improved her English there. When she arrived there, she couldn't speak English well and needed help. But she kept practicing English after her training. After three months, she could easily talk with her teammates in English.
What makes Zhu Ting successful? Working hard and never giving up are the key to success.
1. Zhu Ting is a________．
A. movie star B. book seller C. volleyball player D. news reporter
2. When I Grow Up—Sports Heroes is a book for ________．
A. children B. players C. superstars D. heroes
3. ________ is head coach of China's women's national volleyball team.
A. Zhu Ting B. Lang Ping C. LeBron James D. Lionel Messi
4. Zhu couldn't move quickly because she was so ________．
A. brave B. strong C. valuable D. tall
5. These are reasons for Zhu's success Except ________．
A. good news B. her ability C. hard practice D. fighting spirit
Passage 3(2020永州)
Malala was born in Pakistan on July 12，1997. When she was young, Taliban fighters took over her hometown. Taliban is an extremist(极端主义) group that does not believe in a girl's right to education. They said girls should not be allowed to go to school. Malala thought that girls have the right to an education. In 2008, she spoke out against the Taliban. The Taliban tried to silence her.
In 2012, Taliban fighters shot Malala on her way home from school. She had to fly to England for medical treatment(治疗). She stayed in England to continue her education. She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, when she was 17. This makes her the youngest Nobel winner in history.
Malala started attending Oxford in 2017. At the age of 22, she graduated from Oxford University, in England. Malala posted photos of her celebration on Twitter. One showed her with her family. The other was taken after her “trashing”. Trashing is an Oxford tradition after students complete their final exams.
“Hard to express my joy and thanks right now as I completed my degree at Oxford，” she wrote. Congratulatory messages poured in from around the world. One was an American astronaut Anne McClain. “Congratulations on your graduation，” McClain said. “For so many, higher education is the start of great things. For you, great things happened before it and I can only imagine the even greater ones to follow.”
She has written books for both children and adults. She also raises money through the Malala Fund. This is a nonprofit(非盈利的) group that fights for girls' education.
1. Where was Malala born?
A. In Pakistan. B. In England. C. In America.
2. What does the underlined word “silence” mean?
A. 压制 B. 控诉 C. 批评
3. When did Malala win the Nobel Peace Prize?
A. In 2012. B. In 2014. C. In 2017.
4. How many photos did Malala post on Twitter?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Russian astronaut supported Malala.
B. Malala only wrote books for children.
C. Malala raised money for girls' education.
Passage 4(2020铜仁)
Hello, everyone! I'd like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen. He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on December 11, 1911. After he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he got a chance to study in USA. After he graduated, he became a teacher as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile theories.
When he was 44, he returned to his motherland and the country's space research was almost a blank. In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs that he was honored as “The Father of China's Missiles”. The Chinese people are proud of him.
He passed away on October 31, 2009 at the age of 98, but all the Chinese will remember him forever. His devotion to his country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my success is in China and my destination is in China！” When someone said he could make much more money if he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said，“My family name is Qian, but I don't like qian．” His spirit encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to science.
1. Where was Qian Xuesen born?
A. In Suzhou. B. In Hangzhou. C. In Beijing. D. In Shanghai.
2. When did Qian Xuesen return to his motherland?
A. In 1955. B. In 1950. C. In 1948. D. In 1958.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. He graduated from Zhejiang University in 1933.
B. He got a chance to study in England in 1934.
C. He set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles in 1956.
D. He passed away on December 31, 2009.
4. What does the underlined word “qian” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Family name. B. Given name. C. Money. D. His hobby.
5. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Qian Xuesen's Life in America
B. Qian Xuesen — The Father of China's Missiles
C. Qian Xuesen's Life in Shanghai
D. Qian Xuesen's Childhood in Hangzhou
角度2　 普通人物介绍
Passage 5(2020安徽)

Xiao Liuying is an old man living in a village near the Yangtze River. He used to be
a fisherman. But now he is head of a voluntary(志愿的) team that cleans waste from the
Yangtze River.
To protect finless porpoises(江豚) and the Yangtze River, the government has
stopped people from fishing on the river. In 2019, Xiao Liuying formed the voluntary team
with 12 other fishermen. Today the team has more than 50 members. All of them are over 60 years old. “We want to protect the river while we can，” said Xiao.
Every week, the team go along the river to collect waste and make sure no one is fishing on the river. Some of the waste they collect is sent to the disposal station, while some that can be reused is sold. So far, they have cleaned over 50 tons of waste. Thanks to their hard work, the Yangtze River is getting clearer.
1. How many members were there in the team when it was formed?
A. 12. B. 13. C. 50. D. 62.
2. What does the underlined word “disposal” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 处理 B．传播 C．救护 D．保养
3. What is the best title(标题) for the text?
A. Fishing on the Yangtze River
B. Tons of Waste in the Yangtze River
C. Reasons for Protecting the Yangtze River
D. A Voluntary Team Protecting the Yangtze River
Passage 6(2020聊城)
Yun Siqi from Beijing is a 19­year­old young pianist(钢琴家). He started to learn the piano at age 4 and it has been his favourite hobby since then. Before that, he often heard his elder sister playing the violin and he loved the classical music she played. “I wanted to beat her in something and I chose the piano.”Yun said.
At 4, several minutes of practice a day was enough. As Yun grew up, at ages 7 and 8, he had to practise for four hours a day. The time kept going up after Yun was 12. Now, he needs to practise at least seven hours every day. He sleeps for only five to six hours a day, but he is still full of energy(活力)．
Yun never got tired of the piano. In fact, he had great fun playing it. “Music is my special luck, and it is a real enjoyment to be with it every day，” he said.
Yun worked hard and soon he stood out. From 2013 to now, Yun shone at different music festivals, concerts and competitions. Yun said successes or failures(失败) were not important and they would not affect his understanding of music or his plan for the future.
“If you lose, think carefully about it, and if you win, just work harder，” the young pianist said. “I still need to practise more to become better, to bring out the real beauty of classical music through the piano. It may take a lifetime.”
1. Yun Siqi began to learn the piano in ________．
A. 2003 B. 2005 C. 2007 D. 2009
2. Yun Siqi chose the piano because ________．
A. he was not able to play the violin
B. it was easy to learn to play the piano
C. he wanted to be better than his sister in something
D. his sister refused to play his favourite classical music
3. What does the second paragraph(段落) mainly tell us about Yun Siqi?
A. He lived a happy life at the age of 4.
B. He was not good at playing the piano.
C. He practises playing the piano very hard.
D. He doesn't have enough sleep but he is healthy.
4. The underlined word “affect” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________” in Chinese.
A. 允许 B. 维持 C. 放弃 D. 影响
5. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Yun played the piano really well.
B. Yun was tired of playing the piano.
C. Yun didn't think he needed more practice.
D. Yun said one should work harder if he lost.
Passage 7(2020自贡)
Can a one­armed person still play basketball? You might not think so when you see Zhang Jiacheng play.
The single­armed 13­year­old boy from Guangdong has recently become an internet sensation(引起轰动的人). Featuring his dribbling(运球) skills and powerful underarm shots, his basketball videos have been viewed by more than 50 million people. Zhang even drew the attention of NBA superstar Steven Curry.
“You are an inspiration, you don't take ‘no’ for an answer, you find the way to go through difficult times and get out there on the basketball court( 球场)．” Curry said in a video posted on Sina Weibo.
However, it wasn't easy for Zhang to step onto the court. At the age of five, Zhang lost his right arm in an accident at an oil mill. Although it was difficult at first, Zhang gradually got used to eating and getting dressed on his own. He also keeps up with his studies in school and helps his family with chores.
In the summer of 2018, Zhang first discovered his love for the sport when he attended for a basketball course in his school. Soon, he was rarely seen without a ball in his hand, even dribbling at home in the living room. He also practiced basketball in PE class. When the class was learning how to skip rope, which takes two hands, he asked his teacher to permit him to do basketball training instead.
He's gotten a lot of attention since then. Zhang said, “With the encouragement of all these people, I feel like I have to try harder to live up to people's expectations. I will do better and become better.”
1. When did Zhang Jiacheng become disabled?
A. Eight years ago. B. In his teens.
C. In summer，2018.
2. 全国视野新考法What is the right order according to the story?
a. He learned to dress himself with one arm.
b. He attended a basketball course in his school.
c. He drew much attention at home and abroad.
d. He lost his right arm in an accident at an oil mill.
e. He practiced basketball skills anytime and anywhere.
A. b­d­a­e­c B. c­d­a­b­e C. d­a­b­e­c
3. What can we infer from Steven Curry's words about Zhang Jiacheng?
A. Curry felt sorry for Zhang's sad life experiences.
B. Curry thought highly of Zhang's fighting against bad luck.
C. Curry admired Zhang's dribbling skills and powerful shots.
4. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To introduce Zhang's school life.
B. To describe Zhang's growing process.
C. To tell Zhang's efforts to follow his dream.
话题4　人物经历
Passage 1(2020北京)
A Day at the Nature Center
Emma stared (凝视) sadly out of the window of the bus. Only 50 miles outside town was the farm. She thought about the farm all the time, especially the animals.
When her family sold the farm and moved to a nearby town, Emma was excited. But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely.
With a sigh(叹气), Emma turned her attention back to the present. The bus came to a stop.
“Welcome to the Leinweber Nature Center，” her teacher said. “A guide will give us a presentation
about animals, and then you'll help to feed the baby squirrels. Now, I want everyone to find
a partner.”
Squirrel
Emma didn't have any friends yet—who would be her partner? Emma got close to Julia, a talkative and outgoing girl. “Could I be your partner？” Emma asked uncertainly.
“Sure，” said Julia warmly.
Together, the girls walked into the center. After the presentation, a keeper showed them how to hold the bottle of milk for baby squirrels. Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels.
After the babies finished eating, the keeper asked, “Would you like to help feed the adult squirrels, too？”
Emma was quick to volunteer, but when the keeper opened the first cage, the squirrel inside jumped out. Emma remained calm (镇静的), held out her hand, made quiet sounds, and then quickly got it.
“Wow！” Julia said. “You're always so quiet. I thought you were afraid of everything, but you are brave.”
“I know that when animals are frightened or excited, you have to stay calm.”
The keeper nodded in agreement and asked Emma, “Would you be interested in volunteering to help out with the animals at the center？”
“Interested? I would love to work here! What an opportunity！” Emma was excited.
That afternoon, in the bus on the way back to school, Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. A rush of newfound happiness washed over her.
1. How did Emma feel when she got to the new school?
A. Lonely. B. Lucky. C. Surprised. D. Angry.
2. At the nature center, Emma and Julia ________．
A. took a chance to be tour guides B. helped to feed the baby squirrels
C. asked the keeper many questions D. made a presentation about nature
3. On the way back to school, Emma felt happy because ________．
A. the volunteers warmly welcomed her
B. the teacher praised her for her bravery
C. she found a place to care for animals and made a friend
D. she went back to the farm and learned a lot about animals
Passage 2(2020重庆B卷)
Last year, I went to Italy as an exchange student. Before leaving, I asked my mother what gifts I should take to the teachers and the students there. Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice, for China is praised as “the Fan Kingdom”. I couldn't agree more, because it is more than a tool for cooling. It's also an important part of Chinese culture.
I went shopping and bought three kinds of Chinese fans. The first kind was the feather (羽毛) fan for the teachers, which was made of bird feathers. It was the symbol of Zhuge Liang, a very smart man in ancient China. The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans. They were also called “round silk fans”. Fans of this kind were made of silk with paintings of beautiful women, birds or flowers. They were very popular with women of all ages. As for the boys, I picked the folding fans from Rongchang, a place in the west of Chongqing. The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there were great paintings and calligraphy (书法) on them.
At the welcome party in Italy, my new teachers and classmates were all excited to get the wonderful fans. And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them.
1. The writer went to Italy for ________ last year.
A. learning B. traveling C. teaching D. shopping
2. The folding fans the writer bought were made in ________．
A. Dazu B. Rongchang C. Tongliang D. Wulong
3. 全国视野新考法 According to the passage, the writer gave the fans like the one in Picture ________ to the girls.

4. The writer wrote this passage in a ________ tone(语气)．
A. humorous B. surprising C. serious D. proud
Passage 3(2020福建)
Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imaginable. Jack preferred to draw，paint, or build sandcastles (沙堡)．
Frank didn't understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together. That was when Jack's idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the question，“Can you top this？” He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry—all ages welcome.
When Frank saw a poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come. Still, shortly after sunrise on Saturday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By mid­morning, four kids were sculpting (雕塑) the sand alongside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.
After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother's plan turned out. He couldn't believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.
“I guess you've proved me wrong，” Frank said.“You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition！” Handing Frank a shovel (铲子) with a smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.
1. What does the underlined word “hatched” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?
A. 产生 B. 改变 C. 消失 D. 中断
2. What helped people know about Jack's plan?
A. Beautiful towers. B. Colorful posters.
C. A town building. D. A sandcastle day.
3. When learning about Jack's plan, Frank was ________．
A. doubtful B. interested C. satisfied D. nervous
4. What can we know about Jack's idea?
A. It came from a picture. B. It needed 30 people's support.
C. It proved Frank right. D. It did work well.
5. Which of the following best describes Jack?
A. Honest. B. Creative. C. Outgoing. D. Caring.
Passage 4(2020滨州)
In 1972, Richard Sears, a young American began learning Chinese because of his interest in traditional Chinese culture. Drawn to the ancient language，he went to China to study Chinese in the 1990s.
In 1994, Richard Sears decided to put the ancient Chinese characters online. Then,
in 2002, he did it. That is the beginning of the Chinese Etymology(汉字字源)website.
“My website did not get much attention for the next few years. Until one day in 2011,
it suddenly got a lot of attention. I got a few thousand emails, and a few million visitors
and people started calling me ‘Uncle Hanzi’，” Sears said with a smile. Hanzi means Chinese characters. He has put more than 96，000 ancient Chinese characters onto the website. “When I study each character, I wonder what the ancient Chinese thought，” said Sears.
After visiting many Chinese cities, Sears learned more about China and ancient Chinese culture. He said when he came to China in the last century, few Chinese could speak good English. “However, you can hear English in many places in China now. Chinese language and culture were mysterious and not known by people in most countries then, but now, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese, even Chinese history, traditional Chinese medicine and so on，”Sears added.
At present, the 70­year­old American has made his home in China.“When I die, I hope my website will live on, and I'm planning to write a book about my research. This will be my gift to China，” he said.
1. What does“Drawn to the ancient language”mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Sears was interested in ancient Chinese.
B. Sears had to study Chinese characters.
C. Sears could draw Chinese characters well.
D. Sears could speak ancient Chinese very well.
2. Chinese Etymology website went online in________．
A. 1972 B. 1994 C. 2002 D. 2 011
3. What did Sears put on Chinese Etymology website?
A. Chinese history. B. Ancient Chinese characters.
C. The daily life of Richard Sears. D. Traditional Chinese medicine.
4. From the passage, we can infer that Sears set up the website to________．
A. become famous
B. get the nickname “Uncle Hanzi”
C. write a book about his research
D. make more people know about ancient Chinese characters
5. The best title for the passage could be________．
A. Great Changes in China
B. Mysterious Chinese Language and Culture
C. American “Uncle Hanzi”
D. A Young American and Traditional Chinese Culture
Passage 5(2020武汉)
When people discover that I work as a film and TV extra (临时演员), they always ask me the same questions: Emily, is it easy to get work? Isn't it boring? Do you get to meet famous actors? Does it pay well? My answers are pretty standard as well: Yes, sometimes, once in a while, and...kind of. The life of an extra is both more interesting and more boring than you might imagine.
Extras, who play the people in crowds, on streets, or in the background of indoors scenes, can come from all walks of life. Unlike many extras, I'm a trained actor. I do get real speaking roles, but work can be hard to come by if you're not a popular star. I'm registered (注册) with an agency that deals only with extras, so I get calls all the time. The agency explains who I'll be — someone in a crowd, a member of a jury, a clerk — and tells me where to go. Call time is usually bright and early, so I try to get to bed at a reasonable hour.
Sometimes being an extra is a “hurry up and wait” job. In my first extra role, I was one of a group of office workers who come out of a building just as a car explodes (爆炸) in the street. We waited for hours for the scene to be shot, and then went in and out of the building about fifty times, trying to act terrified by an explosion which was not real. Then we had lunch, changed clothes, and spent the afternoons as customers in a department store.
It may sound like I don't enjoy the work, but I do. Being part of the background in a convincing (令人信服的) way is challenging, and being on a film or TV set is always fascinating. A lot of famous actors don't even notice the extras, but the ones who do make the job a lot of fun for everyone. As for the money, it's nothing compared to what the big actors make, but it pretty much pays the bills. And, as a bonus, I've beaten my high scores on all my phone games, thanks to all the time I spend sitting around, waiting for something to happen.
1. Emily gives standard answers because ________．
A. she is proud of her job
B. she wants to hide her feelings
C. she thinks it's unnecessary to explain
D. they are the exact answers to the questions
2. What does Emily think of her job?
A. Busy. B. Enjoyable. C. Fashionable. D. Easy.
3. In line 23, another way to say as a bonus would be ________．
A. above expectation B. as a result
C. in general D. after all
4. According to the passage，________．
A. the famous actors look down upon the extras
B. being an extra is always a “hurry up and wait” job
C. Emily tells the truth about being a film and TV extra
D. those who want to be film or TV extras must be trained
5. We can infer that Emily ________．
A. often pays the bills for others
B. sometimes has to get up very early
C. has beaten all the phone game players
D. was in face of danger in her first extra role
话题5　学生学习与生活
Passage 1(2020河南)
“Are you listening, Simon？” Simon's teacher asked. It was a pretty usual question.
Simon shook his head, smiling. He hardly listened or tried hard in class. Talking was so much fun. He wanted to be heard rather than listen.
“Listen, and you'll learn something.” Mrs. Jacobs tried every day, but Simon never paid attention.
That evening, his throat really hurt. The next morning, when he opened his mouth to say “Good morning”， nothing came out but a croak.
Simon's mother looked at him.“Honey, you've lost your voice.”
“Can I stay home？” He tried to ask, but words didn't come out. Instead, his mother checked him for a fever and decided it was good for him to go to school, even if he couldn't talk.
When he got to school, Mrs. Jacobs said “Hello” to him, and he just nodded. When his friends asked him what TV shows he watched last night, he just shrugged. By the time the bell rang for class, almost everyone was looking at him as if he'd grown a third eye.
Penny raised her hand. “Mrs. Jacobs, why isn't Simon talking？”
“He never stops talking，” Richard said worriedly.
Everyone started talking at once. They were excited, worried, and surprised.
Simon sat in class, bored. He watched them talk to each other as if the teacher wasn't there, but he couldn't even do that. In math class he could hold up fingers if the answer was less than 10, but that wasn't fun. He decided to try to pay attention.
He could do his homework that night. It gave him TV and game time with his work
all done.
The next day, even though his voice was coming back, he stayed quiet again. The
third day, he could talk fine, but he listened and raised his hand to speak.
What a difference that one day made!
1. What did Mrs. Jacobs want Simon to do in class?
A. To talk. B. To listen. C. To sit up. D. To stay awake.
2. What was the problem with Simon that day?
A. He got a cough. B. He was late for school.
C. He lost his voice. D. He lost interest in school.
3. Why was almost everyone looking at Simon?
A. Because he grew a third eye. B. Because Mrs. Jacobs praised him.
C. Because he talked with nobody. D. Because Mrs. Jacobs nodded to him.
4. Why could Simon do his homework that night?
A. Because he already got his voice back.
B. Because he paid much attention in class.
C. Because he was given easier homework.
D. Because he learnt to use fingers in class.
5. What is the best title for the text?
A. Are you talking? B. Are you listening?
C. Is your voice OK? D. Is your school fun?
Passage 2(2020河北)
Dan's class know Dan is in the hall before they see him. He raps(说唱)when he passes in the hall. He raps when he comes into class. And he raps when he sits at his desk. He raps when he can and he raps about almost everything.
Dan joined in a rap competition at school. When Dan rapped, his friends clapped(鼓掌)for him. The kids thought his rapping was great. But could Dan win?
Dan did win! Dan got the top place! All his classmates gave him a big hand. “Now Dan is a star in our school！” Mal said. Ben stood up and shook Dan's hand. “That was cool, Dan. You are a hero！”
Miss Mills said, “Dan did win! His next step is to rap on National Rap Star on TV. We can all give Dan a big hand.” The class clapped and cheered for Dan. Miss Mills smiled.
Miss Mills and his classmates were excited, but Dan threw himself onto his chair, silent. Dan could not rap on TV. In class, Dan could not do his physics. He could not think. Dan was not a kid who got nervous a lot, but he did not wish to rap on TV. Could he be lucky again? Anyway, who wanted to lose? Dan thought perhaps he would not attend the national competition. Then he would not have to rap on TV.
Dan's friends sensed something was going on his mind. They planned to give him some help. When Dan got to class the next day, he saw a sign on the wall. It said, “Dan, just rap like in our classroom！” Dan smiled. “Perhaps it's not that hard to rap on TV，” he thought.
1. How do Dan's classmates know he is in the hall before they see him?
A. They hear him rap. B. They see a sign on the wall.
C. They hear him clap hands. D. They see the things on his desk.
2. Why didn't Dan want to rap on TV?
A. He got nervous a lot. B. He was afraid to lose.
C. He had to improve his physics. D. He planned to cheer for others.
3. What do you think happened later according to the story?
A. Dan hated his friends for their push.
B. Dan forgot what he should rap on TV.
C. Dan attended the national competition.
D. Dan stopped rapping after the competition.
话题6　抗击疫情
Passage 1(2020怀化)
As the saying goes，“A hero is known in the time of misfortune．”
Zhong Nanshan is a hero like this. He is a doctor in Guangdong. He saved many people's lives in 2003. In 2003, SARS (非典) broke out (爆发) in Guangdong. Hundreds of patients even died from the disease. But Zhong was brave enough to fight the disease. Many patients got better. In early 2020, a disease called COVID­19(新冠肺炎) hit Wuhan. It spread quickly. Thousands of Chinese people were infected(感染). Zhong led his team to Wuhan to fight the illness. Zhong advised people to wear masks, wash hands frequently (频繁地), stay at home and not to go to crowded places.
Zhong likes sports very much. Although he is 84, he could still play basketball. Zhong still treats patients in the hospital and teaches young doctors. He always says “I am just a doctor.” But we think he is a hero and a fighter.
1. What does Zhong Nanshan do?
A. A doctor. B. A nurse. C. A patient.
2. From the passage, we know Zhong Nanshan is a ________ man.
A. unhealthy B. brave C. shy
3. Zhong Nanshan gave the following advice EXCEPT(除了)________．
A. wearing masks
B. washing hands frequently
C. going to crowded places
4. The underlined sentence “A hero is known in the time of misfortune.” probably means
________ according to the passage.
A. 英雄所见略同 B. 英雄不问出处 C. 时势造英雄
Passage 2(2020金华)
Every night, just after the sun goes down, Ruth Medjber talks with her neighbours in Dublin, Ireland, and takes a picture of them at their windows.
These photos, in some way, show people's lives during the global pandemic(大流行病)．
“I started out taking photos of just friends and family. In this way, I could connect with them during this special time when people have to stay at home，” the photographer explained. “I live alone, so I was missing the days when we were free to communicate with friends. Every evening, on my way to seeing friends, I had a sense of purpose.”
Now she's making new friends.
The photo project has taken off online, and she has opened it up to volunteers. But they must be the people who live within 5 kilometers of her home—the Irish government doesn't allow people to go farther out than that.
“I pick a street each night and try to take photos of volunteers，” Ruth said. “I usually take about four photos before it is completely dark, but two if I'm talking a lot—which I love to do.”
She said more and more neighbours are joining in her photo project and it has now got a name, Love at Home.
“I think people like knowing that they're not alone even if they have to stay at home, and they really try to pick out those who are similar to themselves in the photos，” she said. “It's also a different view(视角) of the pandemic: the more human view. Instead of showing what the pandemic has taken from us, it shows that it has given us more chances to be with family and friends and spend time together.”
“I think we'd love most to find something nice, even in the most serious situation as it is now，” Ruth said.
1. Ruth started out taking the photos in order to ________．
A. raise some money B. connect with friends and family
C. make new friends D. join in a photo project of volunteers
2. According to the passage, Love at Home is the name of ________．
A. a photo project
B. the picture shown in this passage
C. a street in Dublin
D. the special time when people stay home
3. According to what Ruth said in Paragraph 8, “the more human view” shows ________．
A. the beauty of streets in a city of Ireland
B. how people do things when staying at home
C. the moment of family and friends being together
D. what the global pandemic has taken from people
4. From the passage we can infer(推断) that Ruth is a ________ person.
A. careful B. shy C. hardworking D. loving
Passage 3(2020台州)
Seven years ago, Joyce Akinpe moved to Australia to start a new life, finding an exciting job in Sydney. After the outbreak(爆发) of COVID­19, she suddenly lost her job.
Seeing that there were many others like herself in trouble from the outbreak, Akinpe and her two roommates, Michelle Gomez and Maureen Lee, brainstormed ideas for how to help their local community. They came up with a street pantry(储藏柜). Gomez said the idea was very simple, “Take what you need and leave what you can.”
With the help of Gomez's father, they built the Blessing Box—a street pantry, with shelves and hanging baskets and two doors made from old furniture.
It sits just at the back of the three girls' home, so they can look after it. They put some information notices into their neighbors' mailboxes, and the Blessing Box was quickly filled with the donations(捐赠) from the community. “It is the community's strong support that keeps the project alive.” Akinpe said.
“We now have hundreds of people visiting our box every day. It might only take two hours for the box to be full and next hour it might become empty again. We are now helping others to carry out similar projects in their own communities, too.” Gomez said.
Lee said things in the box were mostly convenience foods, as well as some necessary life things such as spaghetti and toilet paper. “Few people take everything at once. They think there are other people who need them more.” Lee added.
There were many people rushing there for donations. The three girls needed to sanitize(消毒) all the donations and make sure all food packages were not broken. Gomez said that they had no time for rest, but what they did was well worth.
1. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________．
A. the way to build the Blessing Box
B. the help from the local community
C. the purpose of building a street pantry
D. the trouble from the outbreak of COVID­19
2. 全国视野新考法 Put the following sentences in the right order according to the passage.
a. The three girls thought up a good idea.
b. The three girls received and sanitized the donations.
c. The three girls put information notices into their neighbors' mailboxes.
d. The three girls built the Blessing Box with the help of Gomez's father.
A. c—a—b—d B. c—b—a—d C. a—b—d—c D. a—d—c—b
3. Few people take everything they need at once because ________．
A. they would like to use their own things
B. they think other people need these things more
C. there aren't enough donations in the Blessing Box
D. it's not safe to use the things from the Blessing Box
4. The best title for the passage can probably be ________．
A. Challenges through Life B. Happiness from Strangers
C. Friendship during the Hard Times D. Kindness behind the Blessing Box
分点训练二　说明文
话题1　说明介绍
角度1　　实物介绍
Passage 1(2020盐城)
Cycleball
This sport is like football on bikes. There are two teams. Each team has usually got two players. Players in each team try to hit the ball into the goal. They can use their bikes or their heads to do this. The winning team is the team with the most goals at the end of the game.
Gilli­danda
This is an ancient sport from India. The players use two things: one long stick, called a danda and a short egg­shaped bat, called a gilli. There are two teams. One player puts the gilli on the ground inside a small circle and hits it into the air with the danda. Then the player hits the gilli again and runs to touch a spot outside the circle to get a point.
Octopush
The sport is also called underwater hockey(曲棍球). There are two teams. Each team has got six players. Players swim underwater to play this game. They use small sticks and a puck. The puck is a little like a ball. Players try to push the puck along the bottom of a swimming pool into the other team's goal. The winning team is the team with the most goals at the end of the match.
1. 全国视野新考法 Which is the correct order of the pictures according to the passage?

A. a→b→c B. c→b→a C. a→c→b D. c→a→b
2. Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from?
A. Animal World. B. Teenage Problems.
C. Science and Technology. D. Sports and Games.
3. What do these sports have in common?
A. They all have a short history.
B. A long stick is needed for each sport.
C. Every sport team has six players.
D. There're two teams in every sport game.
Passage 2(2020无锡)
Last month, the artist Christo opened his new art sculpture. It is made up of
7，506 colorful barrels(桶) floating on a lake in Hyde Park in London. Christo calls it
The London Mastaba. It is his first major outdoor art sculpture in Great Britain. The
artwork is in the shape of a mastaba. It looks somewhat like a pyramid with a flat top.
The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high, 98 feet wide and 130 feet long, and it weighs about 1.3 million pounds. The metal barrels can be seen from hundreds of feet away.
_ 2___
Everyone who looks at it will see something different. Many will think the barrels are barrels of oil in the heart of one of London's oldest parks. They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution. Others will see a prism or giant pixels or simply a shape. However, everyone must decide for themselves, the 83­year­old artist said. Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages，” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.”
“A Stairway To The Sky”
“It's created a giant invitation, like a stairway to the sky，” Christo said. The artist was standing on the banks of the Serpentine Lake in Hyde Park where his artwork floats. Swans are swimming nearby. Some barrels are red with a white candy stripe on the sides. Others are colored blue, purple and red. Their colors will look different as the light changes, Christo said. Their reflection(倒影) in the lake will be like an abstract painting. Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic.
“Not Really Sure How I Feel About It”
Many people walking in the park were surprised to see the artwork. “It's very modern, but this place is nature and historical. I don't like it here，” said Yasmin KocOzcengel, who is a tourist from Turkey. Another person who took a look at the artwork was Anna Andronova. She called The London Mastaba very brave. If it weren't as brave, it wouldn't be as amazing, she said. Sheila Steffenson is an American living in London. “I'm just not really sure how I feel about it，” Steffenson said. “Maybe it's a message about pollution. Who knows？”
1. What can we learn about the artwork?
A. It is a floating pyramid.
B. It is made up of empty oil barrels.
C. It is an abstract painting.
D. It is considered as different things.
2. Which of the following would be most suitable for __2__？
A. An Announcement Against Pollution.
B. An Announcement Against Pollution?
C. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park.
D. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park?
3. Which of the following words can best describe The London Mastaba?
A. Romantic. B. Magical. C. Realistic. D. Mysterious.
4. What can most possibly be the artist's real purpose?
A. To add some more colours to the old park.
B. To bring his art career to a new height.
C. To encourage people to discover and think.
D. To remind people to care about nature.
Passage 3(2020温州)
The balalaika, also called “Russian guitar”，is a traditional Russian
musical instrument. It has a long neck, a wooden triangle­shaped body
and strings. It is usually used to play Russian music by plucking* the
strings with fingers or a pick.
Russians like the balalaika. The music played with it can be cheerful, as
if the farmers were dancing happily to celebrate their harvest. It can also
be energetic, as if the workers were working hard to make their country
richer and stronger. If a Russian moves to live or work abroad, he will
probably take a balalaika with him. When he feels lonely and sad, he will play it to cheer himself up.
The balalaika was originally played by the poor in Russia. At that time, balalaikas were made by the players themselves. They were rough, simple and cheap with different numbers of strings, from two to even six. Later a Russian musician Vasily Vasil'yevich Andreev(1861—1918) improved the balalaika. He created a whole family of balalaikas of different sizes, all with three strings. The smallest balalaika is called Prima. It is 60—70cm long. The biggest, Contrabass, is almost 2 metres high with a leg to sit on the floor. Andreev founded the first balalaika orchestra* in the world, mainly using balalaikas to perform. He gave concerts at the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1889, which was a great success.
Today, there are balalaika groups performing around the world. More and more people get to know the balalaika and are attracted by its Russian style music.
1. The balalaika is a musical instrument ________．
A. without strings B. with a long neck
C. of a round shape D. with a metal body
2. The music played with a balalaika is usually ________．
A. slow and sad B. strong and serious
C. soft and modern D. cheerful and energetic
3. Andreev is mentioned in Paragraph Three to introduce ________．
A. the success of balalaika concerts B. the history of balalaika orchestras
C. his talent for playing the balalaika D. his contributions to the balalaika
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Balalaika: The “Russian Guitar” for the Poor
B. Russia: The Home of Famous Balalaika Musicians
C. Balalaika: A Traditional Russian Musical Instrument
D. Russia: The International Hand­made Balalaika Factory
Passage 4(2020常德)
Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz
In a book that is itself a celebration, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese
New Year festival. The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing
(Wash your hair and get a new haircut. Pay the debts that you owe and collect what
is owed to you！). On the eve of the new moon, a special feast is prepared...The first
15 days of the New Year are spent celebrating with lion dances, firecrackers, and
other activities.
Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy, which inspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration. She has written and illustrated more than 20 books for children, including The Empty Pot, Gandhi, and Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up to the Sky.
Chinese New Year for Kids by Cindy Roberts

debt 　 　 　 债
owe 欠
feast 宴会
philosophy 哲学
illustrate 插图
design 设计
enthusiasm 热情
ambiance 气氛
Chinese New Year for Kids is a full color book with beautiful, Chinese illustrations. This is a hands­on workbook for parents and teachers, written for children from ages 3 to 12 years old,
for use in the classroom or at home. Children will　
enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragon dances, lion dances, art
projects, and Chinese games.
The art projects for Chinese New Year are designed to be easy, as well
as inexpensive to reproduce for large groups. All the activities in this book have
been tested in the classroom, with very successful results, and have caused lots
of enthusiasm from children and teachers alike. Music, physical movement, art, and
food all add to the ambiance of taking an imaginary trip to China during the Chinese
New Year.
1. What is “Happy, Happy Chinese New Year”？
A. A book. B. A celebration. C. A festival.
2. What do Chinese usually do before the New Year?
A. They usually have a big meal every day.
B. They are busy cleaning and preparing.
C. They are celebrating with activities.
3. Who will most likely read the books by Demi?
A. Children from western countries.
B. Students from China.
C. Indian Children.
4. What will the readers most probably do after reading “Chinese New Year for Kids”？
A. They will join to write more books about China.
B. They will have a strong wish to visit China during Chinese New Year.
C. They will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragon and lion dances.
角度2　 自然事物介绍
Passage 5(2020天津)
People depend on plants. We use plants for food, cloth, shelter(住处), and even the air we breathe(呼吸)．
Plants keep our air and water clean. Green plants give us oxygen(氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.
Plants are also part of the water cycle(水循环). Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.
Plants give us a lot of the food on the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains(谷物) come from plants. Without plants, we would not have bread, rice, carrots, apples, oranges, or bananas! Many people are growing plants to eat in their own gardens at home. Having your own garden helps the earth as well.
When you grow your own fruits and vegetables, you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don't need to take your food to shops. You also help reduce the amount of rubbish because you don't need to use bags for packing your food. You can just pick it out of the ground or off a plant and put it into a basket!
Trees are an important plant resource(资源). Trees provide wood to build homes and furniture. Trees are used to make lots of things around your home and at your school. And trees provide fruits that are good for you. Without trees, the earth would be a very different place.
1. ________ is part of the air we breathe.
A. Sunlight B. Water C. Food D. Oxygen
2. What happens to most of the water that a plant takes in?
A. It goes back into the air. B. It stays in the plant.
C. It goes into the ground. D. It stays in the river.
3. What does the phrase “cut down on” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. Cause. B. Accept. C. Reduce. D. Expect.
4. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A Different Place B. The Uses of Plants
C. Food on the Earth D. Gardens at Home
5. You would find the passage in ________．
A. an interesting novel B. a book about animals
C. a popular play D. a book about nature
Passage 6(2020临沂)
The longest river in the world is the Nile. It is 4，160 miles long. But the Nile is not the mightiest(浩荡的) river. The Amazon is. The Amazon is also the second longest river in the world. It is 3，900 miles long. How long is that? It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Francisco.
The Amazon is the mightiest for this reason. It has the greatest amount of water. More water runs out to sea than from the Nile, Mississippi, and Yangtze rivers combined(总和). That's a lot of fresh water! The force of its current(水流) is great too. The current can be seen 200 miles out in the sea. Here's a story to show the Amazon's amazing current. A ship sailed(航行) far away from Brazil. It ran out of drinking water. Another ship passed by. The first ship asked for water. Someone on the second ship said, “Just put your buckets(桶) into the sea.”
Here are a few more facts. At its mouth, the Amazon is 90 miles wide. Even up the river, you can't see the opposite bank. The river is also very deep—from 22 to 76 meters! During rainy season, the river rises about 16 meters more. Big ocean ships can sail about 1，800 miles upstream(向上游). Smaller ships can sail 1，000 miles farther.
What's the most bloodthirsty fish in the world? No. It's not the shark. It's the Amazon's piranha. It is only about 10 cm to 20 cm long. It has sharp teeth. Thousands travel in a group. No animal can swim across the river. A 1，000­pound horse would be just bones(骨头) in three minutes. Are you planning a trip to the Amazon? Here's a piece of advice. Leave your swimsuit at home!
1. After reading this passage it seems clear that ________．
A. people do not drink the Amazon's water
B. it would not be good to visit the Amazon during rainy season
C. sailing on the Amazon requires a knowledge of its current
2. The writer helps you understand how long the Amazon is by ________．
A. telling how long the Nile is
B. comparing it to a distance(距离) on land
C. comparing it with the Yangtze River
3. In Paragraph Four, the word “sharp” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 锋利的 B. 急剧的 C. 强烈的
4. The passage mainly tells us ________．
A. piranha in the Amazon
B. traveling in the Amazon
C. interesting facts about the Amazon
Passage 7(2020眉山)
What covers three­fourths of the Earth's surface? It's the water that makes up the Earth's four oceans. They are the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest. The Arctic is the smallest and shallowest.
Stand on a beach and watch the ocean. You will see that it is never still(平静的). The ocean is in constant motion(运动). Wind blows across the surface of the water. This makes waves. Ocean waves are different in height. A light wind causes small waves. In a hurricane(飓风), winds can cause huge, dangerous waves that can get to be more than 14 meters high!
Ocean currents(洋流) are lots of water that move from seaside to seaside. Like waves, currents are caused by wind. Ocean currents can be warm or cold. In areas close to land, warm ocean currents make the air warmer; cold ocean currents make it colder.
At high tide(涨潮时期), the ocean covers much of the beach. At low tide, you can walk on the sand that had earlier been covered by ocean water. Tides are caused by the pull of gravity(重力)as the moon circles the Earth.
The ocean provides people with many resources. Ocean water has salt, a basic cooking material. Ocean fishing provides work and food for many people. The ocean is also a fun place to visit. Children who live near the ocean often like to swim in the waves, hunt for shells, and play in the sand.
The ocean may look like a large pool of water, but it's much more than that.
1. What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph?
A. Four oceans cover three­fourths of the Earth's surface.
B. The Earth's surface is wet.
C. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean.
D. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean.
2. The underlined word “constant” in the second paragraph probably means ________in Chinese.
A. 奇怪的 B. 连续的 C. 不规则的 D. 危险的
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It is always colder near the ocean.
B. Everyone who lives near the ocean loves to swim.
C. The Arctic Ocean is bigger than the Atlantic Ocean.
D. Oceans provide many of the things that people need.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Ocean Fishing B. What Makes Oceans Move
C. Ocean on the Move D. How Oceans Formed
角度3　　地点介绍
Passage 8(2020重庆A卷)
Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food and experience the everyday life of local people. Since Wuhan was unlocked on April 8, there have been many people lining up at snack shops there.
In the evening, hundreds of street­side stalls(摊位) come out on the street and provide popular snacks and local food at low prices. Travelers can enjoy hot dry noodles, tasty chicken soup and Chinese dumplings... Don't miss Jiujiu duck necks. Chi Li, a popular writer, tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show. Thousands of people come to search for the scenes(场景) in the novel.
Local people like to order several best­known dishes and some bottles of beer and spend their evening time with friends there. For travelers, another exciting thing is the folk music performed by folk musicians at your table. You can enjoy delicious food when listening to music.
With the street becoming busy, the city began to breathe again．
1. Jiqing Street is a good place to ________．
A. study English B. try local food
C. tell love stories D. go skating
2. According to the passage, Chi Li mentions________ in her novel Life Show.
A. Chinese dumplings B. hot dry noodles
C. chicken soup D. duck necks
3. How do you understand the underlined part “the city began to breathe again” in the last paragraph?
A. The air becomes fresh again. B. The water gets clearer.
C. The city becomes lively again. D. The food gets nicer.
4. The material is probably from________．
A. a travel website B. a history book
C. a science magazine D. a dictionary
Passage 9(2020泰安)
If you walk along the River Thames, there are lots of interesting buildings to
see. Running through the heart of London, there are also many galleries, markets,
shops and activities to keep you busy along its banks. You will also see a strange
round building. It looks very old and very different from all the others. This
is Shakespeare's Globe Theatre(莎士比亚环球剧场)．
The Globe Theatre was first built here in 1599. William Shakespeare was one of the most famous writers that ever lived. His plays were performed in the theatre for many years. However, in 1613, a fire broke out during a performance. The theatre was destroyed(毁坏), but the second was built the following year. It remained a theatre until 1644, and then it was pulled down to build houses. The modern (and also the third) Globe Theatre was completed in 1997, over 350 years later. This was done to honor Shakespeare, the most famous English writer. To this day, his many plays are performed there daily. He wrote around thirty­eight plays. They are comedies (funny stories), histories(about historical events and people), and tragedies(serious and sad stories). People come from all over the world to watch them at the Globe Theatre. They are performed in exactly the same way as they were hundreds of years ago.
The building is round and made mostly of wood. There are simple seats on three different levels all around the sides. Everyone can see the stage(舞台). However, there is no roof(屋顶) in the middle! The cheapest tickets are standing tickets. You stand in the middle, right in front of the actors, but if it rains, you will get wet!
1. When was the second Globe Theatre built?
A. In 1599. B. In 1613. C. In 1614. D. In 1997.
2. What can we know about Shakespeare according to the second paragraph?
A. Shakespeare was one of the most famous French writers.
B. Many of his plays are performed daily in the modern Globe Theatre.
C. His plays are performed in a different way from they were hundreds of years ago.
D. He wrote thirty­eight plays that were all about historical events and people.
3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The inside structure(结构) of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre.
B. The history of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre.
C. The opening time of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre.
D. The three types of tickets that you can choose.
4. Which of the following statements about the modern Globe Theatre is TRUE?
A. It has remained there for over 350 years.
B. The round building looks old and strange.
C. It is made mostly of wood and has a round roof in the middle.
D. If we buy the cheapest tickets in the theatre, we will be farthest from the stage.
Passage 10(2020徐州)
Elsie Eiler is the head of Monowi, a tiny town in northern Nebraska, U．S.A. and that isn't her only job. She is also the town secretary, the town treasurer, the librarian, and she works in the cafe′. Why has she got a lot of different jobs? Because there's nobody else to do them. Monowi has got a population of one—Elsie.
Monowi is an unusual sight. There are about twelve old wooden houses there. They are all empty and are surrounded by a few trees, several old cars and lots of rubbish. The town is silent. An old yellow school bus, with no wheels or seats, stands next to the small school. The school closed 40 years ago. Opposite Elsie's café is an old building, filled with rubbish. It was a shop but it closed in the 1950s.
The busiest time for Monowi was in the 1930s. Then, the population was 150, and was made up of mostly farmers and their families. There was a railway too. However, the farmers couldn't compete(竞争) with the large industrialized(工业化的)farms, and left the town to look for other work. In 1971, the railway closed and the town began to die. Three years ago, the last people that lived there, except Elsie's family, moved away. Then, Elsie's husband died, and then her son and daughter left to find work in bigger towns, leaving Elsie the only person in the town.
_ 4 _ __ Her food is good, her beer is cold, and farmers and truck drivers travel a long way to eat at her café. “One day Monowi will just be memories, and it will probably turn to dust，” she says. “But I like it, and as long as I can take care of myself, I will stay here.”
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Elsie Eiler?
A. She is the only person living in Monowi.
B. She has a good time living in Monowi.
C. She can do different kinds of jobs.
D. She will leave Monowi soon.
2. Mostly ________ and their families lived in Monowi in the 1930s.
A. railway workers B. shopkeepers
C. truck drivers D. farmers
3. The article tells us about Monowi EXCEPT ________．
A. what it looks like B. whether there is train there
C. when people first lived there D. why people started to leave it
4. 全国视野新考法 Which of the following can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph?
A. Elsie believes Monowi will have a bright future.
B. Now Elsie wishes her kids to return to Monowi.
C. Elsie will leave Monowi in a couple of years.
D. Now Elsie lives alone but she isn't lonely.
角度4　　科技事物介绍
Passage 11(2020重庆A卷)
When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005, she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest. “But now, it's different，” says Nejat. “People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready.”
Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care­giving for the old. The population of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050, three times larger than that now.
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease(老年痴呆症). They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding(提醒) the patients of taking their medicine. They can also play games with patients to keep them active.
Some have worried that care­giving robots might reduce(减少) human interaction(互动) and cause more humans to lose their jobs. “But the aim is to support human care, not to take the place of it，” says Brian Scassellati. He has tested robots with different patients, and found that daily interaction with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder(自闭症障碍) improve social skills.
As a field grows, scientists aim to understand human­robot relationships better. Do robots offer advantages because they don't have feelings and don't give opinions? Will patients lose interest?
“One thing is clear，” Scassellati says, “Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future.”
1. Nejat's robots are designed to________．
A. work in the factory B. make phone calls
C. take care of the old D. knock on doors
2. The writer starts the passage by________．
A. telling two stories B. comparing two facts
C. raising a question D. giving an example
3. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is ________．
A. what the robots can do
B. what serious problems the robots cause
C. what the old people can do
D. what the old people think of the robots
4. According to Scassellati, we can infer that Nejat's robots________．
A. will have feelings soon B. can take the place of humans
C. should be produced more D. won't give their own opinions
Passage 12(2020盐城)
All about Electric Cars
Electric vehicles(电动车辆) have been around for more than a hundred years. But they have really been liked by a large number of people over the last ten years. More than three million all­electric cars, trucks, and vans are now on the road worldwide.
Helping the Environment
Most cars run on gasoline(汽油). Burning gasoline and other fossil fuels
(矿物燃料)produces greenhouse gases. Electric vehicles don't burn gasoline.
Instead, strong batteries run their electric engines. So, electric vehicles
don't directly produce greenhouse gases.
Poop Power!
Electric vehicles are better for the environment. But they are not perfect. Their batteries often use electricity(电) that was made by burning fossil fuels. But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs on gasoline. Plus, some of the electricity comes from “greener” sources, such as solar and wind power. And some may soon come from a new source—cow poop(牛粪)! An electric car company has worked together with a large dairy farm. They plan to make electricity using a greenhouse gas from cow poop.
Always Improving
One of the problems for electric vehicles is their limited range. This is how far they can travel before their batteries need another charge(充电). But now their range is improving. Some new electric vehicles can travel almost three times as far as older ones did. Another problem is finding a place to recharge the batteries. But the number of charging stations is going up as well. China now has thousands more charging stations than it did ten years ago. In Sweden, engineers have even designed a road that will charge electric vehicles as they drive along.
1. Which of the following truly describes electric vehicles according to Paragraph 1?
A. Useless. B. Popular. C. Cheap. D. Perfect.
2. What does the picture above show?
A. Parts of an electric car. B. Ways of driving a car.
C. Wheels on an electric car. D. Batteries in an electric car.
3. How does the electric car company plan to make electricity according to Paragraph 3?
A. By burning gasoline.
B. By burning fossil fuels.
C. By using a gas coming from cow poop.
D. By using solar and wind power.
4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Reasons for buying new electric cars.
B. Importance of electric cars in our life.
C. Ways to produce more electric vehicles.
D. Problems and improvements of electric vehicles.
Passage 13(2020绍兴)
With schools closed and restrictions(限制) on public activities, it can be a difficult
time for young people, who suddenly can't spend time with their friends and family
in person.
However, the situation has already led to some creative ways of using technology
to keep in touch with those people, from video calls and group chats(聊天) to online
games. Experts say that young people might find the social restrictions on seeing their friends in real life stressful, which is why technology can be helpful.
“Keeping relationships is very important for health，” says Dr Amanda Gummer, creator of Dr Gummer's Good Play Guide. She adds that this is more important the older you get. “Not maintaining these friendships can make it more difficult for you to get back into school when the time comes，” she says. Chezzy Kennedy, from a training program called Confident Kids, agrees. “Staying connected to those we care about is even more important now than ever before，” she says. “We can suddenly feel quite lonely.”
Messaging apps and video calls are good for checking in with friends, or organizing group chats to keep in touch. “Video chats are a great way to keep connected with your wider friendship group，” says Gummer. Experts agree that there are plenty of ways to be creative with video chats besides talking to friends. Gummer suggests, “A virtual(虚拟的) film­and­pizza night can work well.”
Sharna Jackson, an expert on young people and technology, has lots of ideas too. She suggests taking turns to teach friends something you're really good at—such as painting and drawing, perhaps. She also thinks that online games, including Fortnite and Minecraft, can play a really good role.
“It's good to play together. It's social, there's problem­solving and turn­taking, and it helps you develop different skills，” she says.
1. According to the passage, young people will ________ when they can't stay with friends.
A. be afraid of growing up B. fail to pass the exams
C. experience a hard time D. refuse to go to school
2. The underlined word “maintaining” probably means “________”．
A. controlling B. ending C. checking D. keeping
3. The passage mentions the following ways of keeping in touch EXCEPT ________．
A. talking to friends on the Internet B. playing online games
C. producing online videos together D. teaching friends online
4. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Away from friends B. Together with technology
C. Alone at home D. Back to school
Passage 14(2020滨州)
Whether from news reports or social media articles, you may know that 5G
is coming.
5G is the 5th generation network. It is a new network(网络) after 1G, 2G, 3G
and 4G and it can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will
cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super­fast data(数据) speed. One
can download a two­hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.
5G will make self­driving cars possible. For safety, self­driving cars need super­fast data transmission(传输) to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self­driving cars achieve this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet or place orders for food and drinks.
5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.
It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.
The facts listed above are only a part of what 5G will make possible and popular. Just as in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few could see how it could change our life and the world. The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore. Now let's get ready to say goodbye to 4G and welcome the coming of 5G.
1. How long may it take to download a two­hour movie with 5G?
A. 15 seconds. B. 8 seconds. C. 10 minutes. D. 2 hours.
2. The underlined word “remotely” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 快速地 B. 高效地 C. 远程地 D. 科学地
3. From the last paragraph, we can know that ________．
A. 4G is no more used in our daily life now
B. the writer is worried about the coming of 5G
C. with 5G, some of our dreams will come true for sure one day
D. in the 1990s, all the people believed that the Internet would change our life
4. 5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT ________．
A. self­driving cars B. “smart” airplanes
C. online classes D. hospitals without doctors
5. About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned in the passage.
A. to be used freely
B. super­fast data speed
C. to connect everyone and everything together
D. to make life more convenient than 4G
话题2　文化类介绍
角度1　　中国传统文化
Passage 1(2020重庆A卷)
“Humans can develop certain abilities we aren't born with by practicing animals' movements，” the traditional Chinese Wushu lovers believed in the past—and still do today.
Chinese Five­Animal Exercises, also known as Wuqinxi, are the first complete set of qigong exercises following the movements of animals: monkeys, deer(鹿), birds, bears and tigers. They were created by one of the greatest doctors in Chinese history, Hua Tuo, more than 1，800 years ago.
The Five­Animal Exercises are well­designed to help blood circulation(循环), and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health.
“The bear movements are good for the stomach. The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back. The deer movements help reduce the fat around the waist(腰). The bird movements can help keep our knees healthy and the monkey movements can be good for the heart.” said Hua Yi, the 59th inheritor(继承人) of Wuqinxi.
For those new learners, the first few exercises might not go well. You may find it hard to focus(集中注意力). Wear comfortable clothes, keep peaceful in your mind, try to move slowly... Little by little, you'll feel more and more harmonious with nature. You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer, walking in the forest freely.
These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn. You can search online for the videos and practice them at any time when you feel like relaxing your body and mind. Because it's fun to practice and good for health, Five­Animal Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years, not only in China, but also in many other places of the world.
1. People practice Five­Animal Exercises in order to ________．
A. fight against enemies B. protect wild animals
C. improve the health D. play as a group game
2. If your grandfather has a pain in the back, ________ may help him a lot.
A. the bear movements B. the monkey movements
C. the bird movements D. the tiger movements
3. The underlined word “harmonious” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________．
A. 兴奋的 B. 和谐的 C. 敬畏的 D. 肤浅的
4. 全国视野新考法 The structure of the passage may be ________．
(①＝Paragraph 1　②＝Paragraph 2　③＝Paragraph 3　④＝Paragraph 4
⑤＝Paragraph 5　⑥＝Paragraph 6)

Passage 2(2020新疆自治区、生产建设兵团)
Beijing Opera is one of the Chinese traditional drama art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from many other drama forms, mostly
from the local drama “Huiban”. It was especially popular in south China during the 18th century.
Theatrical(戏剧的) art forms in many other countries do not have singing, dancing and
spoken parts together in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks
on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer
doesn't speak or sing. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment. It includes spoken parts, singing and dancing.
Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers of all, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.
“You will doubt and sometimes be a little bored, but you will be interested gradually. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera, even if you know nothing about the drama background.” This is how one traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera.
Beijing Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera!
1. Beijing Opera is ________．
A. unpopular in north China
B. only developed from the local drama “Huiban”
C. a much larger Chinese opera form
D. a Chinese traditional drama art form
2. After watching Beijing Opera for the first time, the traveler felt ________．
A. busy B. nervous C. interested D. uneasy
3. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph means ________．
A. Beijing Opera B. local dramas
C. an opera singer D. a modern play
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Beijing Opera is a kind of entertainment.
B. An opera singer neither dances nor speaks on stage usually.
C. Only old people are interested in Beijing Opera.
D. Mei Lanfang was the first one to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners.
5. The main purpose of writing the passage is to ________．
A. ask young people to learn Beijing Opera
B. tell us something about Beijing Opera
C. show why Beijing Opera is popular in Europe
D. introduce everything about foreign Opera
Passage 3(2020抚顺、本溪、辽阳)
Weeks before Tomb­Sweeping Day on April 4 this year, hundreds of qingtuan were
sold each day. The snack was still a must­have for many people.
In the southern part of China, eating qingtuan at the beginning of spring is a kind
of tradition. Chinese people started to eat it more than 2，000 years ago. It is made of
sticky rice(糯米) and red bean paste(红豆沙), and is famous for its softness, freshness
and sweetness. The secret behind its mouth­watering taste is one of its materials—mugwort leaves(艾蒿叶). The plant is mainly found in the Yangtze River Delta(长江三角洲) where it has perfect conditions to grow.
People in this area usually put qingtuan on the tombs(墓) of their dead family members to cherish the past memory. Making qingtuan is also a chance for family members to get together at home. It really takes time and effort to make the snack.
Now, qingtuan has already spread its special taste to the northern part of China. Li Yuan, a 30­year­old engineer who grew up in Zhejiang Province, brought qingtuan back to Beijing where he works. “It tastes different in and out of my hometown，” he said. “There's no place like home.”
Qingtuan has many different tastes inside it, such as apples and bean milk, to meet customers' tastes. The difference of the taste shows that it's getting more and more popular across the whole country.
Even though there is warm weather and green leaves in spring, the season wouldn't be complete without a taste of qingtuan.
1. Tomb­Sweeping Day is in ________．
A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
2. Your mouth waters when seeing qingtuan because of the ________．
A. sticky rice B. green color C. red bean paste D. mugwort leaves
3. The underlined word “cherish” in the third paragraph probably means ________．
A. 遗忘 B. 怀念 C. 祈求 D. 清除
4. We can know from the passage that Li Yuan ________．
A. loves no place B. sells qingtuan
C. works in Beijing D. works as a cook
5. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Growing up in Beijing B. Planting Rice in Zhejiang
C. Meeting Customers' Tastes D. Marking the Start of Spring
Passage 4(2020益阳)
The dragon is a great animal in Chinese culture. It brings the wind and rain. It is said that every year on the second day of the second lunar(阴历) month, the dragon wakes up from its winter sleep and raises its head. Because of this, the day is called “Dragon Heads­raising Day”(Longtaitou). This year, it falls on February 24th.
Old people believed that after Longtaitou, there would be more rain. And rain is very important to farming. So Longtaitou was the start of spring and farming.
People have many ways to celebrate the Festival. The most popular one is to have a haircut. Many people believe that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to your uncles—mainly your mother's brothers. They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.
Among Chinese people's festival traditions, there is always a place for food. During the Longtaitou Festival, people eat food named after dragons. Noodles are called dragon's beard (longxu). Dumplings are dragon's ears (long'er). And spring rolls(春卷) are dragon's skin (longlin)．
1. What does the dragon bring according to the passage?
A. The rain and wind. B. The rain and snow. C. The wind and snow.
2. When is Longtaitou every year?
A. On February 24th.
B. The second day of the first lunar month.
C. The second day of the second lunar month.
3. Old people believed that Longtaitou was the beginning of ________．
A. spring and farming B. spring and resting C. summer and farming
4. Why do many people have a haircut on Longtaitou?
A. Because they hope to keep healthy.
B. Because they hope to make much money.
C. Because they hope to keep them away from bad luck.
5. Noodles on Longtaitou are called ________．
A. dragon's ears B. dragon's beard C. dragon's skin
Passage 5(2020遵义)
China has accepted western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional “hanfu”．
As the government encourages the renaissance(复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to Han Dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since Han Dynasty. However, this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes(袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.
In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.
“Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture，” said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. “If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture？”
1. 全国视野新考法 What clothes does the passage talk about?

2. Hanfu is getting more and more popular because ________．
A. China has accepted western fashion
B. China has accepted western technology
C. China has developed in recent years
D. the government encourages traditional culture
3. Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays?
A. History fans. B. Cartoon fans.
C. Clothes fans. D. All of the above.
4. What does the underlined word “sleeves” mean?
A. 衣领 B. 衣袖 C. 纽扣 D. 拉链
5. According to Zhang Jun, he thinks ________．
A. clothes are not the part of culture
B. it's not necessary for us to wear hanfu
C. clothes help us understand our culture better
D. hunfu isn't so important as modern clothes
Passage 6(2020达州)
Traditional Chinese culture is catching the world's eyes. The good traditional Chinese culture is our great treasure. President Xi Jinping says we should have a high of culture confidence. There are so many great works in the course of Chinese history such as Di Zi Gui, Lun Yu, Meng Zi and so on.Xi Jinping and other leaders often borrow some wonderful sentences from them. Dao De Jing is also one of them.
It is widely believed that Lao Zi, a famous Chinese philosopher and the founder of Taoism, was the writer of Dao De Jing. There are only 5，000 characters in the book, but it is considered as one of the oldest and most important philosophy books of ancient China. It includes two parts, Dao and De.
Dao means “the Way”. It doesn't tell us how to choose the right way, but it really shows
that one should act through naturalness and non­action.
Naturalness refers to a natural state of being, an attitude of following the way of nature.
Lao Zi thought that everything in the world has its own way of being and developing. Birds fly
in the sky; Tigers live in the forest; Fish swim in the water; Flowers bloom and flowers fall.
He gave advice to the people who have strong feelings to control the world. He said they
should give up the desires (欲望)．
Non­action (无为) does not mean that one should do nothing but passively wait for something to be achieved. What he meant is that human should follow the way of nature and try not to break the rule of nature.
De means “Virtue(德行)”. Lao Zi thought the great virtue is like water. And he thinks nothing in the world is weaker than water, yet nothing is stronger than water when it comes. It can nearly destroy everything strong. In ancient China, there is also a saying, water can hold the boat, it can also make the boat turn upside down. Water is a typical (典型的) example of the weak beating the strong.
Of course, there are many other wonderful things we can learn from the book. Today, Dao De Jing still plays a role in the development of Chinese thoughts. It is becoming more and more popular with people around the world.
1. 全国视野新考法According to Dao De Jing, which picture shows an attitude of breaking the way
of nature?

2. Why did Lao Zi think the great virtue is like water?
A. Because water is a typical example of the strong beating the weak.
B. Because Lao Zi thought nothing in the world is weaker than water.
C. Because water is a typical example of the weak beating the strong.
D. Because water can hold the boat.
3. What does Dao De Jing tell us?
A. We should act by following the way of nature and have the great virtue.
B. We should choose the right way to success.
C. We should do nothing but passively wait for something to be achieved.
D. We should become strong and try our best to satisfy our desires.
4. What is the feeling that the writer wants to express in the passage?
A. Serious. B. Proud. C. Upset. D. Sad.
Passage 7(2020凉山州)
China is called the Kingdom of Fans. Fans are everywhere in our daily life. But
how much do you know about them?
It is said that fans were first used to cool the air during the Shang Dynasty. At that time,
they were made of feathers, bamboo or silk. Some of them were round, while others
were square.
Folding paper fans first became popular during the Song Dynasty. There were usually beautiful pictures on the fans. Some were mountains and rivers, others were flowers and animals. Many people, including Su Dongpo, a poet of the Song Dynasty, and Tang Bohu, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, even painted and wrote poems on fans. This made the fans into art works. Many rich and important people liked holding fans.
Today, fans are popular gifts. During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, folding fans were given to leaders and officials from other countries, as well as audience members. While they were having their fans to get cool air, they were also experiencing Chinese culture.
1. The fans were made of different materials except ________ during the Shang Dynasty.
A. paper B. bamboo C. silk D. feathers
2. When did folding fans first become popular?
A. The Shang Dynasty. B. The Song Dynasty.
C. Today. D. In 2008.
3. What couldn't people see on fans in the Song Dynasty?
A. Mountains. B. Animals. C. Flowers. D. Audience.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Fans were first used to cool the air during the Song Dynasty.
B. Tang Bohu never wrote or painted on fans.
C. Some fans were round, while others were square during the Shang Dynasty.
D. Folding fans were only given to leaders and officials from China.
5. What's the best title of this passage?
A. The Development of Fans B. The Shapes of Fans
C. When Fans Became Popular D. How Fans Became Art Works
角度2　 中外文化理解
Passage 8(2020陕西)
People use languages to communicate. Any language has its ways to express people's minds. One of the ways in common is the use of idioms. An idiom is a group of words. It has a special meaning that is different from the usual meaning. For example, under the weather is an idiom meaning ill. So when people say “I'm under the weather，” they are saying that they're not feeling well. Another example, in all weathers means in all kinds of weather. So, “There are homeless people sleeping on the streets in all weathers” tells us that homeless people sleep on the streets no matter whether it is cold or hot.
Different languages may have different ways to make idioms. For people who are learning a foreign language, idioms could cause misunderstandings and bring them endless headaches. On the other hand, if things are done right, idioms can also be a fun way of looking into a new culture and understanding how the people think and talk.
Metaphor (比喻) is often used in idioms. Let's read the following two examples：
●It makes my blood boil (煮沸) when people litter.
●The night was dark and quiet; my blood ran cold when I heard a strange noise outside at dark night.
In neither situation above, our blood can reach the point so high or so low in temperature. Yet, with the situations the two sentences created, it is not difficult to work out the unhappy feelings of really angry in the first example and very afraid in the second.
Of course, not all idioms are this easy to understand. When we come to idioms of a foreign language, a good dictionary of idioms is always suggested.
1. This passage tells us something about ________ in the English language.
A. grammar B. writing C. reading D. idioms
2. If your brother breaks your computer, you can say to him, “________．”
A. I'm under the weather B. I'm there in all weathers
C. You've made my blood boil D. My blood runs cold
3. What is the writer's advice when you come to an expression like under the weather?
A. We should look it up in a good idiom dictionary.
B. We should try to express our minds with it.
C. We should find an interesting way to learn it.
D. We should create situations to guess its meaning.
Passage 9(2020南京)
Tea is tasty and good for you. It is also one of the most popular drinks around the
world. But what is tea? And why is it so popular?
All tea comes from tea leaves but tea is not always the same. There are many kinds
of tea. You can drink black tea, green tea, white tea or fruit tea. Each type of tea has
a different taste and a different colour.
The history of tea begins in Asia. In China, Korea and Japan, tea is still very important today. In Japan, it can take many hours to prepare and drink tea with your guests. In Malaysia, a popular drink at breakfast is teh tarik (‘pulled tea' ). Malaysians say it is good for you and tastes good with canai bread.
Tourists in Kuala Lumpur like watching the tea sellers make ‘pulled tea’ . The tea sellers pour hot water on black tea. After five minutes, they add sugar and milk. Then they ‘pull’ the tea — they pour the tea from one cup to another many times.
In many countries, you must have a special kettle to make tea. People in different countries also like to add different things to their tea. For example, Russians use a special kettle called a samovar. They like drinking tea with lemon. Sometimes, they also drink tea with some sugar or jam.
In Turkey, tea comes in a Caydanlik. A Caydanlik has two kettles: one for the water and one for the tea. Drink Turkish tea with some sugar.
Arab tea, called karak, has cardamom, ginger, milk and sugar. In the United Kingdom, they add some milk and sugar.
The British usually eat biscuits with their tea. In Japan, they like...
1. Tea, a drink with a long history, first appeared in ________．
A. Europe B. America C. Asia D. Africa
2. The writer uses the punctuation mark “...” at the end of the passage to________．
A. express his uncertainty of the subject
B. show his special taste in Japanese tea
C. attract readers' interest in further reading
D. hide his limited knowledge in this field
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The History of Tea B. Different Tea Kettles
C. The Most Popular Drink D. The World in a Teacup
角度3　 语言学习
Passage 10(2020绍兴)
A Chinese song could be heard in a classroom in Sanaa, the capital of Yemen(也门), where around 20 Chinese­learning schoolchildren were singing.
“I love to learn the Chinese language because it is very nice, important and I want
to travel to China to complete my studies there，” Karim al­Areqi, a student of the
private Languages Model School in Sanaa, told Xinhua.
Teacher Mohammed al­Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received
a university degree, stressed(强调) the importance of learning the Chinese language. “It is the language of the future and it is necessary for all people to get advantages from the great development in China，” he said.
Like many other private elementary and secondary schools in Yemen, the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School's courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects. “In teaching the Chinese language, I succeeded in educating students in a simple way that fits everyone，” al­Ansi said proudly, stressing that teaching Chinese has changed his life without doubt.
Al­Ansi expects that Yemen and China will work together to set up centers and schools for teaching the Chinese language in Yemen so that many young Yemenis can learn. “I hope that a branch of the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) could be built in Yemen to teach the language and spread the Chinese culture to many students and researchers who are interested in learning the Chinese culture and language，” he said.
Many Yemenis see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life, such as getting a better job, making more money and paving(铺平) the way to a bright future in the country that has experienced war for almost five years.
1. The passage tells us that Mohammed al­Ansi ________．
A. has got a university degree in Yemem
B. sings Chinese songs well
C. thinks it important to study Chinese
D. owns a language school
2. In the Languages Model School, the students ________．
A. consider Chinese a simple language B. do well in science and math
C. take pride in Mohammed al­Ansi D. are active in learning Chinese
3. The 5th paragraph is mainly about ________．
A. the Chinese culture B. Mohammed al­Ansi's hope
C. centers for learning Chinese D. the way of doing research
4. It can be learnt from the passage that ________．
A. many young Yemenis learn Chinese for a better future
B. learning Chinese is sure to make Yemenis rich
C. more and more Yemenis are going to work in China
D. Chinese has been popular in Yemen for five years
话题3　动植物介绍
Passage 1(2020杭州)
A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration.
In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras, migrate to find food and water. They usually follow the same ways every year.
A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather, too. They are usually birds that eat insects. They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there. In the winter there aren't any insects, so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa.
Some insects migrate, too. In North America, millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico, California and Florida, where it's warmer. They travel 50－65 km each day and they travel about 1，125 km.
Some fish migrate to breed(繁殖). Salmon(鲑鱼) can swim over 20，000 km in their life. They are born in rivers in Ireland, Scotland and other places in northern Europe. The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are adults. Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. Other fish can't eat them.
Arctic terns(北极燕鸥)travel the furthest when they migrate. They spend the summer in the Arctic, but when winter comes they fly to the Antarctic, because it's summer there. The next year they fly back to the Arctic again. In one year these small birds travel 36，000 km from one end of the earth to the other and back again. Nobody knows how they do it.
1. According to the passage, monarch butterflies in North America migrate to________．
A. find insects B. look for water
C. find better weather D. produce young
2. Adult salmon swim back to the river because ________．
A. they won't be eaten by other big fish
B. they want to lay eggs in a safer place
C. they are getting ready to die there
D. they want to go where they grew up
3. Which of the following is true about animals' migration?
A. Elephants in Africa usually travel the same way each year.
B. Most birds fly to southern Europe and Africa in summer.
C. Some insects travel 1，125 km each day.
D. Salmon swim 20，000 km each year.
4. The example of Arctic terns in the last paragraph is used mainly to show________．
A. the distance of migration B. the purpose of migration
C. the direction of migration D. the time of migration
Passage 2(2020衢州)
Tomatoes taste great. With a lot of vitamins, they are good for you, too! People all over the world enjoy this amazing fruit.
Not all tomatoes are red. They can be yellow, orange, pink, or white. All tomatoes are green before they are ready to be picked. Then the tomatoes turn their true color. That's when they're ready to eat!
Tomatoes first grew in the Americas. The Incas grew them over 1，000 years ago. They were introduced to Europe by the Spanish in the early 16th century. The Spanish and Italians seem to have been the first Europeans to accept them as food. In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty. Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick. It was years before some of them would eat tomatoes.
Tomatoes are fruits. They grow from seeds. They won't grow in cold weather. But with water, sunlight and warmth, tomatoes grow fast. They can grow in pots or in the ground. As the plant grows taller, people may tie it to a stick. Next is the blooming stage. Flowers appear. The flowers turn into fruit. Some kinds of tomatoes can be picked in about six more weeks. Some tomatoes are large. One kind of tomato can weigh as much as two pounds.
You can eat raw tomatoes. First, wash them. Then, cut them up for salads or sandwiches. Tomatoes can be cooked, too. They can be grilled, boiled, or even fried. Do you use ketchup? It is made from tomatoes. Tomatoes don't have a smell. But they taste great in foods around the world. Many dishes from India use tomatoes. Spaghetti sauce and pizza from Italy use them, too. Raw tomatoes are in Mexican salsa.
1. From the passage, we know that tomatoes ________．
A. come in different colors B. grew in Europe first
C. can grow in all weathers D. have a special smell
2. The underlined phrase “some of them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________．
A. some people in Inca B. some people in Italy
C. some people in France D. some people in Spain
3. 全国视野新考法 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Value of Tomatoes B. All about Tomatoes
C. Incas and Tomatoes D. Growing Great Tomatoes
Passage 3(2020淄博)
How can cactus(仙人掌) help the world? It can provide a new kind of sustainable fuel(可持续燃料). Nopalimex, a company in Mexico, has made one of the world's first cactus­powered factories. The idea came to Sosa in Nopalimex when he was looking for ways to save money for his food factory. He now powers his factory with cactus gas(气体). The cost to produce the gas is half the cost of electricity.
Soon, the gas produced by Nopalimex will also be used in cars. Nopalimex's gas is made by using the prickly pear(刺梨), a kind of cactus. To make the gas, the prickly pear is mixed together with manure(肥料). Then the mixture produces the gas that can be used as fuel.
Why cactus? Fuel can be made from other plants such as corn, but there are a few reasons why cactus is a better choice. First, prickly pears need very little water and very little care, and grow well in hot temperatures. Today, these characteristics(特点) are key. Also, unlike corn, prickly pears don't need space that could be used for other food plants. They can grow in areas where many food plants can't grow. Last, after making gas from prickly pears and manure, their byproducts(副产品) can be used to help grow food.
Scientists still need to do more research on making and using prickly pear gas. As projects like Nopalimex show, we have the possibility to produce more sustainable fuel to power our lives.
1. How can cactus help the world?
A. By saving farmers' money.
B. By providing a new kind of sustainable fuel.
C. By taking the place of corn.
D. By producing a lot of electricity and gas.
2. Why does Sosa power his factory with cactus gas?
A. Because he wants to save money for his food factory.
B. Because he has grown a lot of cactus and corn in his town.
C. Because he wants to be well­known around the world.
D. Because he wants to grow cactus instead of corn.
3. What does the underlined word “mixture” in Paragraph 2 refer to(指代)?
A. The Nopalimex company. B. The manure.
C. The prickly pear and manure. D. Cactus.
4. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. How cactus is used to produce gas.
B. Where we can grow a lot of cactus.
C. What Nopalimex does with cactus.
D. Why cactus is a better choice to make fuel.
Passage 4(2020贵阳)
A
An Experiment Report on Growing Potato Plants

Things prepared：
* a potato that has sprouts
* a flower pot with soil
* a camera to record progress
Observation：
Day One
The color of the soil looks darker because I have just watered it. In the center of the pot, I can see a tiny sprout that has grown from the potato under the soil. I'll call it Buddy. Buddy is green and yellow. I wonder how fast it will grow.
Day Six
Without much change in the past six days, I finally see some new progress on Buddy as it has grown taller. It's exciting to see new life like this. I hope Buddy can grow faster.
Day Eleven
Buddy is getting larger! Three more new sprouts have grown around Buddy! Green leaves have grown on the new sprouts, but they have not fully grown yet. I guess I need to be a bit more patient.
Day Thirteen
Buddy continues to grow taller. The leaves on the new sprouts have grown a bit. I'm also excited to see more new sprouts that have grown from under the soil.
Day Fifteen
Finally, the leaves on the other sprouts are 3 cm tall. They're so green. I hope they will soon grow into new potatoes.
What I have learned
It's really interesting to grow potatoes. During these fifteen days, I have learned that growing potato plants needs plenty of water. If the soil is dry, the potato will fail to grow. I have also learned that the temperature needs to be right. If it is too cold, it won't grow.
I feel that growing plants is just like trying to succeed with anything in life—it takes not only time, but also lots of efforts and patience.
1. The reading material is an experiment report about ________．
A. chemistry B. physics C. biology
2. How many things did the writer prepare before her experiment?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Seven.
3. How did the writer feel when she saw the progress of the potato plants?
A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Surprised.
4. What can we know from the writer's experiment report?
A. “Buddy” grew very fast in the first six days.
B. Plenty of water is necessary for growing potato plants.
C. The writer got new potatoes on the fifteenth day of the experiment.
5. What has the writer learned from the experiment?
A. Old habits die hard.
B. Rome wasn't built in one day.
C. Knowledge comes from questioning.
话题4　学生学习与生活
Passage 1(2020连云港)
Are you good with money? Do you get pocket money from your parents or do you work to make money? Read on to find out about British teenagers and their money!
Pocket money
Most teenagers in Britain receive pocket money from their parents. They might have to do some housework to get pocket money, including cleaning, cooking, washing dishes and so on.
Part­time work
A part­time job is a choice for teenagers who don't have pocket money or who want to get extra money. About 15% teenagers have a job. Only children over the age of 13 can work. Popular part­time jobs for teens include babysitting, delivering(递送) newspapers, restaurant work and shop work. Children in Britain can work two hours a day at the most on a school day but not during school hours. During weekends and school holidays, they can work longer hours.
Bank accounts(账户)
Some children and teenagers have a bank account. There is no age limit at which you can open a bank account, but a bank manager can decide whether to open an account for a child or a young person. Parents can put pocket money directly into their child's bank account. Most banks have a prepaid bank card designed for young people.
Mobile apps
Many companies have made mobile apps for children, including GoHenry, Osper and Gimi. Parents can add money to their children's accounts and check to see how the money is spent. Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a card. The apps suggest that kids from 8 to 13 can use the cards.
So, many teenagers are getting experience working part­time, dealing with banks and deciding whether to save or spend their money. These are all steps towards becoming a financially independent(经济独立的)person and making and looking after your own money.
1. How can British teenagers get their pocket money?
A. By doing homework. B. By doing housework.
C. By opening accounts. D. By using mobile apps.
2. To get extra money, British teenagers over 13 can ________.
A. work in shops two hours a day during weekends
B. help to take care of babies during school hours
C. deliver newspapers for three hours on school days
D. work in restaurants every day as long as they wish
3. What does the author think of the bank accounts and mobile apps for children?
A. They may help parents save their children's money.
B. They may help kids learn to look after their money.
C. They might prevent children getting extra money.
D. They might get kids used to spending extra money.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to get along well with the bank managers.
B. How to deal with bank accounts and mobile apps.
C. How British teenagers work part­time to make money.
D. How British teenagers make and manage their money.
Passage 2(2020抚顺、本溪、辽阳)
Studying is usually not a happy task, especially when there are so many things you can do for fun. The balance(平衡) between work and play is a lifelong matter. Are you feeling tired and bored when you study? What should you do if you're not interested in study? Here are ways you could do to deal with the problem.
Change your thoughts. If you're lack of passion(缺乏热情) for study, just think about your future. Only good grades can give you a chance to achieve your dreams. Good grades will help you get into your dream high school and college. No matter how old you are, you're always growing and learning.
Work hard to achieve your dreams. Study is teaching you an important lesson—You must work for what you want to achieve. Winning a game, passing a test, doing something difficult... These are all rewarding(值得的) experiences because of the time you spent and the effort you made. The harder you work, the happier you'll be.
Relax_yourself_at_times. You don't need to study as often as you think you should do. I am not telling you not to study—You still should, but you can try studying less if it doesn't influence your grades.
Find your favorite subjects. Discover your interests and develop them carefully. Keep studying and stay healthy.
1. Studying is usually not a ________ task according to the passage.
A. hard B. happy C．boring D. tiring
2. We can know ________ is a lifelong matter from the passage.
A. doing things for fun B. growing and learning
C. balancing work and play D. feeling tired and bored
3. You can get into a dream school with the help of ________．
A. similar thoughts B. good grades
C. serious problems D. different feelings
4. You can achieve your dream by ________．
A. working hard B. passing tests
C. winning games D. giving lessons
5. What does the underlined sentence mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. You should never study. B. You should always think.
C. You could sometimes study less. D. You may usually feel tired.
Passage 3(2020娄底)
Teens will finally grow up some day, leaving their parents and facing the challenges
in life alone, so they should learn basic life skills and form good working habits.
The government has been trying to pay attention to the importance of hardworking
spirit education(劳动教育). But this has been overlooked in recent years. Many teens do
not value the importance of working hard. There is a teenager girl named Nancy, she never helps out around the house. Once her mother was on vacation for a week, leaving her alone at home. When her mother came home from vacation, she could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.
Schools play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard. Primary and middle schools should provide students with hardworking spirit courses every week. To our joy, some schools have provided each class with a piece of field to plant their favorite vegetables. For example, No.38 Middle School in Hefei, set up a 500­square­meter farm on an open platform (露天平台) of their teaching building. Each class are asked to grow and pick vegetables there.
Parents should also encourage children to learn how to do chores at home. Teens should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tiding their rooms. The basic skills may help teens to solve the problems they will meet in the future.
1. What does the underlined word “overlooked” mean in Chinese?
A. 强调. B. 忽视. C. 珍惜．
2. The writer gives the example of Nancy in the second paragraph to show ________
A. Nancy is too busy to help out around the house.
B. many teens do not value the importance of working hard.
C. Nancy's parents don't want her to help with chores at home.
3. Which is not the life skill for students according to the passage?
A. Playing computer games.
B. Washing clothes.
C. Cooking.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Schools should teach students the value of working hard.
B. Parents should encourage their children to do chores at home.
C. The government never pays attention to hardworking spirit education.
5. What is the title of the passage?
A. Family education.
B. School education.
C. Hardworking spirit education.
Passage 4(2020遵义)
①Chemistry is everywhere in our daily life. Sometimes it's easy to see. At other times, it can be very hard to see the everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch has some chemicals(化学物质) in it.
②Chemistry helps to make products for use. Something as simple as toothpaste has at least three chemicals that keep your teeth clean. Other things in your daily life are created by chemistry, such as hair products and soap. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes.
③Chemistry also helps us understand the world around us. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach(漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar(醋), because the mixture can produce harmful gas.
④Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is the reason why cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food. Too much or too little of any chemical material makes a difference to the result of baking(烘培). For example, the cake can be too soft or too hard.
⑤Chemistry isn't something that just lives in a laboratory; it's something that you meet hundreds of times in life. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the life.
1. What can the chemistry in soap help us?
A. To clean the teeth. B. To make the teeth strong.
C. To clean the oil off clothes. D. To make the clothes new.
2. From the third paragraph, we know that ________．
A. we can mix bleach with vinegar B. the mixture can produce useful gas
C. we can't mix bleach with vinegar D. chemistry can't help us make products
3. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that ________．
A. cooked food is much better than uncooked food
B. chemistry plays a big role in food preparation
C. there are no chemical changes while we are cooking
D. the cake can't be too soft or too hard with chemistry
4. 全国视野新考法 Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage？(①＝Paragraph 1)
A. ①⑤ B. ① C. ① D. ⑤
5. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Chemistry and food. B. Chemistry around the world.
C. Chemistry and products. D. Chemistry in everyday life.
话题5　咨询建议
Passage 1(2020北京)
There are millions of recipes (菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmothers and parents. These family recipes are a special part of our family history. Some of them have been passed down from generation (一代人) to generation.
“I realized I couldn't go home every weekend for my mom's delicious dishes，” says Shreya, who is about to enter university. Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen, taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris.
“Those special tastes can immediately unlock a whole flood of emotions, memories and feelings of family, love, and comfort，” says she.
She adds, “I am looking to the day when my kids will come to know of their grandmothers through the dishes they cooked.”
But many of us find it difficult to keep the food connection with our busy life. Even if we have time, not many of us take the effort to collect and record the recipes from our grandmothers and parents. We often get a recipe on the phone and take it down quickly on a piece of paper. We just stick it onto the fridge for a week or two and forget about it as soon as the paper disappears from there.
Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes. Scrapbooks (剪贴簿) are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is to scan (扫描) the recipes and record the story behind each of them. It can become the most meaningful work you have ever done with and for your family.
Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger. Every time you remember your loved ones, recreate one of the dishes from your collection and let the memories from the good old days comfort you. So why not gift your kids a family recipe book when they are starting a new life?
1. Why does Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen?
A. To clean up the kitchen. B. To note down recipes.
C. To prepare family dinners. D. To talk about family rules.
2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Ways to record recipes can be easy.
B. Most people like writing recipe books.
C. Recipes have become popular with kids.
D. People often buy recipe books in the market.
3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Family Recipes: Secrets of Cooking
B. Family Recipes Are at a Crossroads
C. Family Recipes: Connections to Interests
D. Family Recipes Are More than Just Recipes
Passage 2(2020台州)
Imagine this. There's an apple and a piece of cake on a table. Which one would you like? The delicious cake or the healthy apple? A bestseller, Willpower: Rediscovering Our Greatest Strength, suggests that willpower(意志力) is the ability to make decisions that are better for us in the long term, rather than in the short term.
Here is a famous experiment in the book: The Marshmallow Test. In 1972, Professor Walter Mischel tested the willpower of 600 four­year­olds to six­year­olds. In the experiment, each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow(棉花软糖) on a table in front of them. They were given two choices: they could either eat it or, if they waited fifteen minutes, they'd be given a second one (and then they could eat both)．
So, what did the kids do? Well, as you can imagine, 70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes. But the other 30% showed willpower—they controlled themselves and waited for the second marshmallow. But then Mischel discovered something really interesting. Twenty years later, he got in touch with the children, who, by then, were in their early twenties. And he found that those who'd shown strong willpower were getting better marks at university and were more popular.
Willpower is like a muscle(肌肉), and the more you exercise it, the stronger it gets. So, if you do daily “self­control exercises”， such as making your bed or brushing your teeth, you'll improve your overall willpower. And daily willpower exercises will help you with those bigger goals, such as studying for an exam or training for a marathon.
Be careful though. Just like any muscle, your “willpower muscle” can get tired. If you've had to do lots of things that require willpower, take a break or give yourself a treat. That way, you'll build up your willpower again.
And one last thing, the writer mentions people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower. So, congratulations!
1. How many children got two marshmallows in the Marshmallow Test in 1972?
A. 180. B. 240. C. 420. D. 600.
2. In Paragraphs 2&3, the famous experiment explains ________．
A. more kids have stronger willpower
B. willpower influences people's lives greatly
C. how people practice children's willpower
D. marshmallows can help improve willpower
3. The writer probably agrees that ________．
A. all the language learners have strong willpower
B. willpower can't be improved by doing some daily things
C. young kids don't need to practice willpower like grown­ups
D. people with strong willpower can achieve their goals more easily
4. According to the passage, people who ________ might have strong willpower.
A. do regular piano practice every day
B. give up morning running halfway
C. eat as much junk food as they like
D. usually get up late on the cold morning
Passage 3(2020眉山)
Right now you probably spend most of your time in school. Do you wonder what you are going to do after junior high school? Will you continue to go to school? Will you learn a trade? Perhaps it is time to think about your choices and to prepare for them. Someday work will be a big part of your life.
What kind of job would be right for you? Think about your interests and your skills. You may like to listen to music, dance, play basketball, or work with computers. You may know how to drive a car or how to get along with people. Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better plan for your future job.
To get an idea of what work you would like to do, make a list of your interests and skills. Think about what you have done to be successful in your interests. After that, brainstorm a list of job choices that might match your interests and skills. You can later keep your lists with the projects and records that can help you get the job you want. They can help you know more clearly about your achievements in school and in the world of work.
Laura Zhang, an art designer, finds her work satisfying because it allows her to use her interests and skills. She enjoyed imagining something in her mind while she was in school. She took art, design, and computer lessons, and also learned about taking photos on her own.
Here is what she says about the meaning of work：“If you have a job you like, work means much more than just making money. It means using your talents, making a contribution (贡献), and getting a real sense of satisfaction from doing a job. ”
1. Who is the passage most probably written to?
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Designers.
2. How does the writer introduce the topic at the beginning of the passage?
A. By listing facts. B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questions. D. By explaining differences.
3. What might Laura Zhang be most interested in when she was at school?
A. Singing songs. B. Creating pictures.
C. Playing basketball. D. Playing computer games.
4. What's the passage mainly about?
A. The real meaning of work.
B. The importance of interests and skills.
C. The journey of Laura's life.
D. The way of preparing for the future job.
Passage 4(2020常德)
Things You Can Do In One Second To Make Your Life Happier
One second. That's all it takes to make your life happier. __△__ Then check out this list of things you can do in a single second. That will bring more happiness into your life every day.
Give a great big smile.
Look for an easy way to make your life happier. Smile more. Smiling can help you
feel better instantly. And it can be contagious. So give a smile to a total stranger on the


street. Or if you're sad, angry, or annoyed about something, choose to smile

instantly　　 立刻
balance 平衡
focus 集中
hydrated 含水的
calorie 热量
filter 过滤
kidney 肾脏
skin 皮肤
grateful 感激
blessing 福分
appreciate 感激
and laugh it off instead.
Take a deep breath.
Deep breathing is one of the best ways to reduce stress and bring balance
back into your life. And it only takes a second. Take some time out each day to
focus on nothing except your breath. You'll find your life becomes happier,
healthier, and less stressful.
Take a sip of water.
It's no surprise that drinking water is good for your health. Try keeping a
water bottle with you wherever you go, and take a second to drink water a
couple times every hour. Drinking water can help keep you hydrated, control
calories, filter your kidneys, and keep healthy skin.
Give thanks.
Happy people have this in common: They are grateful for all the good things in
their lives. This means that to make your life happier, take a few minutes each
day and count your blessings. Say “Thank you” more often. Show your
appreciation when good things come your way.
1. Which can best replace “____△____” in the passage?
A. Do you think so? B. Don't believe it? C. Am I right?
2. What does the word “contagious” mean in Chinese?
A. 充满希望的 B. 滑稽的 C. 有感染力的
3. What can you do to keep healthy skin?
A. Take a deep breath. B. Drink some water. C. Give thanks.
4. Which “second” in the following has the same meaning as in the passage?
A. Downstairs, on the second floor, Michael served Mona breakfast.
B. The gun was fired and Beaton was wounded a second time.
C. Can you just lift the table for a second?
话题6　科普知识与事物发展史
Passage 1(2020河南)
Cait, 11, was trying to fall asleep when her 8­year­old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around, but seemed really out_of_it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the light. This was really strange. Cait didn't know what to do. Just then, Cait's father appeared and explained Doug was sleepwalking.
Not all sleep is the same every night. We experience some deep, quiet sleep and some active sleep, which is when dreams happen. You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,
but a person isn't physically active during active sleep. It usually happens in the first
few hours of sleep in the period called deep sleep.
The truth is that not all sleepwalkers walk. Some simply sit up or stand in bed or
act like they're awake when, in fact, they're asleep! Most, however, do get up and
walk around for a few seconds or for as long as half an hour.
Sleepwalkers' eyes are open, but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake. They tend to go back to bed on their own and won't remember it in the morning.
You also might have heard that sleepwalkers can get frightened if you wake them up. That's true, so what do you do if you see someone sleepwalking? You should call for a grown­up who can lead the person back to bed. And once the sleepwalker is tucked back in bed, it's time for you to get some sleep, too!
1. What does “out of it” most probably mean in Chinese?
A. 茫然不觉 B. 心满意足 C. 垂头丧气 D. 悠然自得
2. When does sleepwalking usually happen?
A. During active sleep. B. In the first few hours of sleep.
C. When dreams begin. D. When we're trying to fall asleep.
3. 全国视野新考法 Which paragraphs tell what sleepwalkers do?
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ④⑤
4. What should we do if we see people sleepwalking?
A. Wake them up. B. Walk around with them.
C. Do nothing and get your own sleep. D. Ask grown­ups to lead them to bed.
5. Who is the text written for?
A. Teachers. B. Doctors. C. Parents. D. Children.
Passage 2(2020广州)
How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need. Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past.
No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2，000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.
In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.
About 1，300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia. Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.
Over the years, Kites have also helped people understand the natural world. In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.
Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane.
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air, people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.
1. According to the passage, in which countries were kites used to make good wishes?
A. China and Japan. B. China and Thailand.
C. Japan and Indonesia. D. Thailand and Indonesia.
2. According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to ________．
A. make the enemies leave in fear
B. celebrate victories during wartime
C. stop the enemies from sleeping well
D. carry soldiers to fight against the enemies
3. The underlined word “passion” in Paragraph 4 means ________．
A. strong love B. useful machine
C. happy dream D. common treasure
4. How does the writer develop Paragraph 5?
A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers.
C. By comparing facts. D. By giving examples.
5. What's the purpose of this passage?
A. To show people how to fly kites.
B. To explain how kites are used in science.
C. To introduce the roles of kites in history.
D. To discuss the difference among kites worldwide.
Passage 3(2020杭州)
Traffic lights are red, yellow and green. They are very important signals(信号). Traffic lights are usually placed at busy street corners to help control traffic. Sometimes, they are on streets near schools and shops, too. Most young children are taught what each of the colored lights means, so everybody can stay safe.
The first traffic signals were used for trains. The signals were put alongside railway tracks(轨道). The color red was used to mean “stop” because it warned people of danger. A red light was also the easiest color to see from a distance. Train drivers could see the red “stop” light ahead and had enough time to slow down and stop their trains. A green light was used to mean “take care” and a white light meant “go”．
However, there were many dangerous accidents on the train tracks. Some train drivers thought a star shining in the night sky was a white light that meant “go”. So the signals were swapped. The “go” light was changed to green and the “take care” light was changed to white.
During these times, people travelled by train or in carts pulled by horses. Years later, when cars were built, people began to drive them because they could travel much faster than horses. However, the road rules for drivers were not very clear and many people were hurt crossing the roads. Yellow warning signs had to be placed beside the roads to remind drivers to take care and allow people to cross safely.
Today, towns and cities all over the world have traffic lights. Red and green lights match the signals used on the railways. Yellow lights are easy to see, so they are used to warn drivers that they should slow down and prepare to stop.
1. Why was the color red used to mean “stop”？
A. It reminded people of traffic rules.
B. It helped trains run smoothly.
C. It gave people a warning of danger.
D. It was the first color people thought of.
2. What does the underlined word “swapped” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Designed. B. Exchanged. C. Suggested. D. Compared.
3. 全国视野新考法 In which order did the “take care” light develop?
a. A white light. 　　 b. A green light. 　　　　c. A yellow light.
A. a－b－c B. b－c－a C. a－c－b D. b－a－c
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The advantages of traffic lights. B. The history of traffic lights.
C. The importance of traffic lights. D. The meanings of traffic lights.
Passage 4(2020连云港)
We always think that it's OK for us to leave our plants home during our vacation as plants
won't scream like pets, right?
A recent study done by a group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University has discovered
that some plants will scream when they are under stress.
The research was carried out on tomato plants and tobacco plants by cutting
their stems(茎) and depriving(剥夺) them of water. A microphone was placed 10 cm away from them. When their stems were cut, the plants started “screaming” between 20 and 100 kilohertz, and the scientists guess that this scream is probably meant to warn other plants nearby.
When the tomato plants' stems were cut, 25 ultrasonic(超声的) pain sounds were recorded in an hour, and at the same time, 15 ultrasonic pain sounds were recorded from the tobacco plants. When they were deprived of water, the tomato plants recorded even more pain sounds with 35 pain sounds in an hour while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds.
The plants also acted differently to different kinds of stresses. For example, the tobacco plants gave out a stronger “scream” when they were deprived of water than when their stems were cut. But plants that were in no immediate(立刻的) danger gave out less than one ultrasonic sound per hour.
The group of scientists said that plants are not as quiet as we had always thought, but in fact their voices are so high­pitched that we just can't hear them.
Last year, another study has found out that plants feel pain when they are touched or hurt and they will give off a terrible smell.
1. What have the group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University discovered?
A. Some plants under stress will scream.
B. Plants in danger scream to warn others.
C. Some plants under stress feel energetic.
D. Plants in danger give off a sweet smell.
2. What was the microphone underlined in paragraph 3 used for?
A. Cutting the stems of plants. B. Depriving plants of water.
C. Collecting ultrasonic sounds. D. Testing different stresses.
3. How many ultrasonic pain sounds did the tobacco plants give out in an hour when deprived of water?
A. 11. B. 15. C. 25. D. 35.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Tomato plants acted the same under different stresses.
B. Tobacco plants gave off a smell when they were safe.
C. Plants not in immediate danger screamed most weakly.
D. Plants that felt pain screamed loudly for people to hear.
Passage 5(2020嘉兴)
Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.
A study from Northwestern University shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person's hearing ability. As a part of the study, two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room. The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were found to be able to hear the talking person more clearly.
Musicians hear better, says study leader Nina Kraus, because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds. For example, when the violinists play in an orchestra(管弦乐队), they must listen closely to what they are playing and ignore(忽视) the other sounds. In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.
Gottfried Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with stroke(中风) patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally. However, they can still sing. Dr. Schlaug was surprised to find singing words helped his patients finally speak. Why does this work? Schlaug isn't sure. Music seems to be able to make different parts of the brain active, including the bad parts. In some way, this helps patients use those parts of the brain again.
So music is not only enjoyable, but also good for us in many other ways. Playing an instrument or singing, says Nina Kraus, can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp as we get older.
1. What were the people in the first group asked to do in the study of Northwestern University?
A. Listen to different kinds of music.
B. Make some noise in an empty room.
C. Give the second group musical training.
D. Find out what the talking person was saying.
2. The writer uses the example of violinists in Paragraph 3 to explain ________．
A. how musicians play in an orchestra
B. how musicians ignore certain sounds
C. why musicians have better hearing ability
D. why musicians are not afraid of loud noise
3. Gottfried Schlaug helps his stroke patients speak by ________．
A. playing music for them
B. getting them to sing words
C. teaching them to play instruments
D. joining the bad parts of their brain
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce different ways of playing music.
B. To give some advice about making our brain active.
C. To show the relationship between music and language abilities.
D. To share the results of recent studies on treating stroke patients.
Passage 6(2020宜宾)
It's a common belief that fish can't remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have much better memories than we used to think.
In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They took the fish out and then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.
In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. But there was no clear evidence until the latest findings.
Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild. “If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains(容纳) safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives in danger，” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.
So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank, perhaps you should feel closer to them—they may remember who you are.
1. We often feel sorry for fish because ________．
A. they have bad memories
B. they can't remember anything
C. they are often used for research
D. every moment in their lives is new
2. Why did the researchers carry out the research?
A. To know if fish can find food easily.
B. To find out if fish have better memories.
C. To tell us fish can live for days without water.
D. To show fish can live long without eating things.
3. What does the underlined word “tank” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. A kind of fish food. B. A kind of hiding place.
C. A container for holding water. D. A container for keeping fish.
4. Which is true according to Trevor Hamilton?
A. Fish know where to get food.
B. It's easy for fish to live in the wild.
C. A good memory can make fish safer in the wild.
D. Fish are often in danger when they look for food.
5. Where does this article probably come from?
A. A story book. B. A science magazine.
C. A news report. D. A travel book.
Passage 7(2020南充)
How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries people have developed different ways of telling the time.
About 5，500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow(影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3，500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows(流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3，400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time.
In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, springs(发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It's also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run businesses, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second.
There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work.
1. According to the passage, we can't use a ________ to tell the time on a rainy day.
A. water clock B. sun clock
C. digital clock D. mechanical clock
2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph?
A. 现代的 B. 特殊的 C. 富有的 D. 普通的
3. How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
4. 全国视野新考法 Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage?
(①＝paragraph 1 ②＝paragraph 2，…)

5. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The importance of time. B. The development of timekeeping.
C. The inventions of clocks. D. The history of a digital clock.
话题7　健康生活
Passage 1(2020江西)
How do you feel about nature? After spending hours indoors, do you feel better when you visit your local park? Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains. However, humans are spending more time inside and less time outside. For example, the number of visitors to Canada's national parks is getting lower every year. And in countries such as the USA, only 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day. Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty­first century.
As a result, some doctors are studying the connection between nature and health: one example of this is the work of Dr Matilda in Sweden. The doctor gave people a maths test. During the test, their heart rates(心率) were fast. After the test, one group of people sat in a 3D­virtual­reality(虚拟现实) room for fifteen minutes with pictures and sounds of nature. Their heart rates were slower than people's in the other group.
The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed. Another good example of how nature is good for health comes from Canada. In Toronto, researchers studied 31，000 people living in the city. In general, they found that healthier people lived near parks.
Because of studies like these, some countries and cities want nature to be part of people's everyday life. In Dubai(迪拜), for example, there are plans for a new shopping mall with a large garden so shoppers can relax outside with trees, plants and water. In Switzerland, “forest schools” are popular. Schoolchildren study their subjects in the forests and do lots of exercise outside. And South Korea(韩国) is another good example: it has new forests near its cities and around 13 million people visit these forests every year. So after building cities for so long, perhaps it's now time to start rebuilding nature.
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A. Teenagers' problem in the 21st century.
B. How much time we spend outdoors.
C. Visiting your local park.
D. Feeling about nature.
2. 全国视野新考法 Match the countries or cities with the information and choose the right answer.
①the USA　　 a. Children study in the forests and do lots of activities outside.
②Dubai b. About 13 million people visit new forests near its cities every year.
③Switzerland c. A new shopping mall with a large garden will be built.
④South Korea d. 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day.
A. ①－a ②－d ③－b ④－c B. ①－d ②－c ③－a ④－b
C. ①－a ②－c ③－d ④－b D. ①－d ②－c ③－b ④－a
3. What do the results of the studies show?
A. More and more Canadians will live near parks.
B. The maths test is difficult and makes people nervous.
C. Nature can help people feel more relaxed and be healthier.
D. People's heart rates get slower in a 3D­virtual­reality room.
4. What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage?
A. Nature is more important than cities.
B. Country life is healthier than city life.
C. People have lived in the cities for so long.
D. Nature should be part of people's daily life.
Passage 2(2020金华)
Very often, when we see young people sitting there, looking at the screen of a mobile
phone and smiling, we may think nothing is wrong. But when we come to the question
“how much time do they actually spend on media(传播媒介) daily？”， the answer
is surprising: young people spend about nine hours every day using media, and this
only includes media used for enjoyment.
Today's young people seem to have become crazy multitaskers. They often use media when doing other activities. Some watch TV when doing homework, some text(发短信), and some others listen to music. But what do young people think of this? A research showed that two thirds of them believed watching TV or texting had no influence on their schoolwork. Half of them thought using social media made no difference. However, researches have given a different answer：“media multitaskers” did worse in tests.
Scientists did a research among more than 400 students. It shows that those who text a lot have more trouble sleeping and do worse in their study. In another research, students who didn't text during a lesson took down a lot more notes than those who were texting. A similar research also found that students who texted when doing schoolwork had lower overall(总体的) grades.
According to a research, if a kid uses social media a lot, especially at night, he or she will sleep worse and feel more nervous and depressed(消沉的). On the one hand, young people stay up late to check messages and information. They may also be woken up by messages they receive. On the other hand, even the light from a screen could influence their sleep. Some other researches also show that children who use media at night go to bed later, get fewer hours of sleep each week, and become sleepy more easily during the daytime.
1. The answer to the question in Paragraph 1 is surprising because young people ________．
A. spend about 9 hours on media for fun daily
B. often look at their mobile phones and smile
C. always sit there for a long time doing nothing
D. use different kinds of media to relax themselves
2. The underlined word “multitaskers” in Paragraph 2 refers to people who ________．
A. ask a lot of questions B. use different media for learning
C. have several mobile phones D. do several tasks at the same time
3. From the passage we can learn that a kid will probably ________ if he or she uses social media a lot
at night.
A. become more worried B. get more excited
C. take fewer notes in class D. sleep much better
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Social media is very popular among young people.
B. Using media too much has a bad influence on young people.
C. The use of social media has both advantages and disadvantages.
D. Mobile phones are the main tools students use for school learning.
话题8　环境保护
Passage 1(2020广东)
Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert(沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred.
Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants' main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.
To protect the elephants' living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland.
However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty­three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty­one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020，” said a member of MEP.
Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world.
1. MEP was started to________．
A. raise more elephants in Mali
B. stop the main lake from drying up
C. discover water source for elephants
D. protect the elephants' living environment
2. What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 公平的 B. 亏损的 C. 非法的 D. 合理的
3. Eighty­three elephants were lost________．
A. in 2012 B. in 2015 C. in 2016 D. in 2020
4. We can learn from the last paragraph that________.
A. the number of organizations has dropped
B. there is much less elephant poaching now
C. the local people keep the elephants at home
D. the whole world live peacefully with elephants
5. This passage is mainly about________．
A. the rules of using land and water
B. the education of the local people
C. the work of Mali Elephant Project
D. the situation of Gourma Desert elephants
Passage 2(2020台州)
Living on an island might sound wonderful. But what if you left for a trip and found you could never return? What if your home, and even the land it stood on, was gone forever? For people living in the Pacific Islands, this is really possible.
Why? Climate(气候) change. Climate change is causing the sea to rise. That's bad news for the Pacific Islands. Young people on the islands are even starting to wonder: Will they be the last generation(一代人)?
Not if the islanders have anything to do about it. These people are deeply connected to their homelands. The Pacific Islands are made up of 11 different countries: the Marshall Islands, Fiji, Samoa, and others. But now, those countries are working together. They're joining forces to fight climate change.
Why is climate change such a huge threat to this part of the world? Islands have low elevations(海拔). So they are among the first places influenced by rising sea levels. That's why countries of the Pacific Islands are working together to do their part.
But these are small countries. When it comes to climate change, can they make a big difference? They can, because most of the things that people on islands buy are brought by ships. This is very harmful to the environment. After all, ships put out almost 3 percent of the world's carbon emissions (碳排放). That makes climate change worse.
Pacific Islanders realize the problem. So, in 2019, six countries got together: Fiji, the Marshall Islands, Samoa, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu. They came up with a plan. They agreed to cut carbon emissions from shipping by 40 percent by 2030. And by 2050, they expect zero­carbon shipping.
How will they pull this off? They plan to use some really cool carbon­free technologies. They'll make use of solar and wind energy.
Sea levels are rising, but hopes aren't sinking in the Pacific Islands.
1. What is the bad news for the Pacific Islands according to the passage?
A. Some Pacific Island countries have disappeared.
B. The sea level is going up because of climate change.
C. All the shipping to the Pacific Islands has been stopped.
D. The Pacific Islanders have nothing to do about the climate change.
2. The underlined word “threat” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A. risk B. step C. project D. development
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________．
A. there will never be zero carbon emissions from shipping
B. solar and wind energy will make climate change worse
C. all the Pacific Islanders may leave their homelands by 2050
D. some Pacific Island countries may have hopes to make a difference
4. The passage mainly talks about ________．
A. why other countries are helping the Pacific Islanders fight climate change
B. how some countries are working hard to develop carbon­free technologies
C. how Pacific Island countries are working together to fight shipping pollution
D. why Pacific Island countries put out so much of the world's carbon emissions
Passage 3(2020绵阳)
Terrible weather events are harming the planet, and experts warn of even greater results to come. The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting(融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.
According to the data from the WMO, temperatures on the Antarctica(南极洲) just hit 18.3℃， which is higher than the record of 17.5℃ in March, 2015. Moreover, temperatures in this area have warmed about 3℃ over the last 50 years. Although such temperatures might be considered pleasant for a picnic or a hiking trip, this is the Antarctica we are talking about. It is home to the most inhospitable environment on the planet because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place. In fact, the average temperature of the continent's central area is －57℃.
Besides, many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is undergoing its worst drought(干旱) since the 1930s, leaving bushfires burning so long and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Europe, crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has also gone through its worst drought in more than 70 years, while floods have hit Eastern and Southern China.
“Climate change is bad for us human beings, which causes direct health problems. I'm afraid there will be more common events like the one that 30，000 to 50，000 persons died in Europe in 2003 due to the heat wave there，” Professor Schwartz said. “It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”
1. What doesn't bring down the number of polar bears according to this passage?
A. Hunting. B. Climate change.
C. The sea ice loss. D. The Arctic ice melting.
2. What can you get out of this passage?
A. The Antarctica is pleasant for a hiking trip.
B. Extreme weather led to wildfires burning in Europe.
C. Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases.
D. The temperatures on the Antarctica hit the highest in March, 2015.
3. What does the underlined word “inhospitable” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. comfortable to live B. friendly to live
C. unhealthy to live D. unfit to live
4. Which place didn't experience drought this year?
A. Europe. B. Australia. C. America. D. China.
5. What is the main idea for this passage?
A. The whole planet is drier and drier.
B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.
C. Climate change is getting worse and worse.
D. The number of polar bears is smaller and smaller.
Passage 4(2020德阳)
All of us live in one world. While we are eating food, drinking water, wearing clothes, watching TV, using computers and so on, we are producing waste every moment. When we finish reading a newspaper, the paper will become waste. When TV sets or computers are broken, they will become electronic waste.
Plastic bags are often used in our everyday life. The number of used plastic bags is increasing day by day. We like to use plastic bags because they are convenient. When we get home, we throw the plastics away. These are called “white pollution” as most plastics are white. Rubber is also common in our daily life. Many of our products are made of rubber, just like the tyres (轮胎) and the bottom part of our shoes. It's true that rubber plays an important role in our life. However, it also brings us some trouble when it has been used for a long time. The old rubber pollutes environment very badly because it can't break_down easily in nature—it will stay unchanged for a long time. This is really a big problem all over the world.
Everyone should play a part in saving our world. For example, when we go shopping, we can bring cloth bags instead of plastic ones. And we should do something to recycle rubber. Our small actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.
1. Which of the following things probably becomes electronic waste?
A. The TV set. B. The plastic bag.
C. The newspaper. D. The rubber.
2. Why do we like to use plastic bags?
A. Because they are very light. B. Because they are convenient.
C. Because they are always used. D. Because they are used several times.
3. What does the underlined phrase “break_down” mean in Chinese?
A. 中断 B. 影响 C. 利用 D. 分解
4. What can you learn from the passage?
A. Few of our products are made of rubber.
B. Only scientists can help to save our world.
C. Everyone can do something to save our world.
D. The new plastics pollute the environment badly.
Passage 5(2020达州)
Planting “trees” on your screen
Do you want to help China become a more beautiful country? Now, you can do this on your mobile phone.
Ant Financial (蚂蚁金服) is an Internet financial service company. In August 2016, it started an interesting project “Ant Forest”. According to Ant Financial, “Ant Forest” can help people improve the environment.
But how does the project actually work? And what effects (效果) has it had? In “Ant Forest”， people start by planting a virtual (虚拟的) tree. The project then gives people “green energy” if they do low­carbon activities. The activities include walking, buying tickets online, taking public transportation and so on. With “green energy”， the virtual tree will slowly grow up. When there is enough “green energy”， Ant Financial will plant a real tree.
The Ant Financial company has been working with lots of green charities (慈善机构). Together, they help farmers in desert places in China plant trees.
“Ant Forest” has been very popular. More than 250 million people have planted virtual trees on their phones. And Ant Financial has planted more than ten million real trees.
Bai Xue is a member of Ant Financial. She says the company believes everyone wants to improve the environment. She and her workmates are happy that they can help people realize their wishes. According to Bai, Ant Financial will do more in the future so that we can make China a greener country together.
1. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Ant Financial has helped all farmers in China to plant trees.
B. If you buy tickets online, you can get “green energy” from the project.
C. Because of the project, charities become more and more popular.
D. More than ten million people have planted real trees.
2. 全国视野新考法 What is the correct order according to the passage?
a. Ant Financial plants a real tree.
b. You receive “green energy”．
c. The virtual tree grows up.
d. You do low­carbon activities.
e. You plant a virtual tree.
A. d­c­b­a­e B. e­b­c­d­a C. d­a­b­c­e D. e­d­b­c­a
3. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Ant Financial believes that all the people can realize their wishes.
B. The company will become greener.
C. Ant Financial will do more in the future to make our country greener.
D. Bai Xue and her workmates want to plant trees.
4. We can learn from the passage that ________．
A. Ant Financial can help people realize their wishes of improving the environment
B. Ant Financial is a charity
C. Farmers in desert places in China often plant trees
D. The members of Ant Financial like walking, buying tickets online and taking public transportation
话题9　热点
角度1　　新科技
Passage 1(2020重庆B卷)
Facial recognition technology(人脸识别技术) is widely used today. For example, police use it to search for bad guys. lt's also used to unlock phones or doors.
Now, a similar technology, known as facial detection(探测), is entering a new field: the business of advertising(广告)．
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores. One facial detection system can judge a person's “happiness” or “fear” level. That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store. Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses. If so, stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards. Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings — from “very happy” to “very unhappy”．
Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.
Some are against the idea of using such systems. Pam Dixon, the head of a privacy (隐私)group, is one of them. She thinks __▲__. For example, a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.
However, one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages. And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.
1. Facial detection technology can tell people's ________， according to the passage.
A. weight B. feelings C. height D. jobs
2. 全国视野新考法 Which of the following sentences can be put in the __▲__？
A. nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B. it is very important to protect people's privacy
C. the strange actions may cause something unfair
D. businesses may use them to have more customers
3. We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology ________．
A. can detect buyers' names and record them
B. is put inside some large advertising boards
C. may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D. may need some time before being widely used
4. The best title of the passage may be “________”．
A. Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New Field
B. Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad Guys
C. Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising Field
D. Facial Detection Technology Improving Buyers' Experience
Passage 2(2020福建)
From tiny seeds (种子), great discoveries grow. A mini­garden carried on China's Chang'e 4 moon lander recently became home to the first plant to grow on another world.
This is yet another success for Chang'e 4. On January 2, the probe(探测器) became
the first lander to touch down on the far side of the moon. This is the unknown face of
the moon that is always looking away from us, so we never see it from down here on
the earth. Although it is often regarded as the dark side of the moon, the far side actually
gets as much sunshine as the near side. For example, when all we can see is a silver silver of a new moon, the far side of the moon is in full sunlight.
Part of Chang'e 4's mission(使命) is to see how a moon base could be built for humans, including exploring(探索) whether humans could grow food and other plant products there. Chang'e 4 carried a mini­graden with air, water and soil with seeds planted in it. When plants shoot on the earth, their stems grow away from the gravity(the force that keeps your feet on the ground), and so they always shoot upwards. The moon's gravity is a sixth as strong as the earth's, so Chang'e 4's experiment was a test: would the earth plants know which way was up on the moon? Four days after landing, a tiny cotton shoot showed that they do.
Night has now fallen on the far side of the moon; sunlight will not return until the start of February. As a result, the cotton shoots died. Besides the darkness, the plants can't stand the cold (it can drop to－170℃ on the moon at night). However, the experiment is a success, since it has proved that it is possible for plants to grow in space.
1. The text is mainly about ________．
A. another success for Chang'e 4 B. Chang'e 4 moon lander
C. tiny seeds in the soil D. the steps of an experiment
2. Which of the following is TRUE about Chang'e 4?
A. It carried a mini­garden.
B. It landed on the near side of the moon.
C. It explored the moon base.
D. It found plants on the moon.
3. From the text we can know that ________．
A. the far side of the moon gets less sunlight
B. we can see the far side of the moon from the earth
C. the stems fail to grow away from the earth's gravity
D. the earth plants know the way to grow on the moon
4. What can be inferred (推理) from the text?
A. Plants can be grown on the moon soon.
B. It is perfect to do experiments on the moon.
C. The cotton shoots can last 4 days on the moon.
D. We can see a new moon at the start of February.
5. In which section of a magazine can you read the text?
A. Health and sport. B. History and culture.
C. Science and technology. D. Population and environment.
Passage 3(2020长沙)
Have you ever seen a solar panel(太阳能电池板) in your neighborhood? Solar panels take
energy from the sun and turn it into electricity. Over the past ten years, the price of solar panels
has gone down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form
of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy to power(给……供电)
their homes.
However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop working at night and on rainy days. Is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time?
Scientists at Suzhou University, China, have invented a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls(滚动) down, it creates friction(摩擦力) on the surface of the panel, which can then be turned into electricity.
Sun Baoquan is one of the inventors, “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day，” he says. “It can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.”
The solar panel, however, does not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan is still working hard to improve it. The scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible,_which are as soft as clothing.
The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels. Some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels(液体和气体燃料)．
1. Which energy is now the cheapest form of electricity in many parts of the world?
A. Solar energy. B. Water energy. C. Wind energy.
2. What is one of the problems of common solar panels?
A. The price of them is rising.
B. They can't work all of the time.
C. They can hardly power people's homes.
3. Why is the new solar panel more scientific and useful?
A. It has a larger size than a common one.
B. It produces more electricity from falling rain than solar energy.
C. It can produce electricity day and night and even in rainy conditions.
4. What does the underlined word “flexible” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. 柔软的 B. 光滑的 C. 坚硬的
5. We can infer(推断) from this text that ________．
A. there is no room for developing solar energy
B. there is no end to the research in the field of solar energy
C. solar energy has completely taken the place of other kinds of energy
Passage 4(2020温州)
Tide is the regular rise and fall of the ocean level caused by the movement
of the sun, the earth and the moon. It is considered a promising source of green
energy to produce electricity in coastal areas.
To make use of tidal energy, we need to build tidal power stations. The bays*
and the river mouths where the tide is high(the tidal range is more than 10 metres)
are usually perfect sites to build tidal power stations. There are many such places in
the world. According to the IRENA (the International Renewable Energy Agency), by just using 2% of our coastlines, we can produce 4，383TWh of ocean power each year, enough to meet 16.4% of the world's electricity needs.
To build a tidal power station, we need to build a dam. In the dam are many turbines and on each turbine there is an electric generator*. When the tide rises, water comes through the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generators work, producing electricity. When the tide falls, water goes out through the dam, the turbines turn again. The electric generators continue to work.
Tidal energy has its advantages. Using tidal energy to produce electricity is much cheaper than using the traditional energy, like coal or gas. For example, the Rance Tidal Power Station in France has been there for over 50 years, producing around 540，000，000TWh of electricity each year. The cost is only 1.3 cents/TWh. Tidal energy can be used nearly 24 hours a day. As long as the sun, the earth and the moon exist, we can use it to produce electricity. But without sunshine, there is no solar energy. When there is no wind, electric generators will not work. In addition, with the development of modern technology, tidal energy can be stored and used to produce electricity continuously.
However, we still have some problems to solve. It is difficult to build a dam in the sea, and the cost is very high. Moreover, it's expensive to keep a tidal power station in its best condition. Scientists are working on them.
1. A tidal power station is best built ________．
A. at a river mouth with wind B. along the coast with waves
C. in a bay with tide high enough D. in coastal areas with sunshine
2. The underlined word “turbine” in Paragraph Three is a machine to ________．
A. make the tide rise and fall B. make an electric generator work
C. let water go through the dam D. keep the dam in good condition
3. What advantage does tidal energy have?
A. We can use it to get useful tide.
B. It can improve the ocean environment.
C. We can use it nearly all the time.
D. It meets 16.4% of the electricity needs.
4. How can we make better use of tidal energy?
A. By digging more bays and river mouths.
B. By building cheaper tidal power stations.
C. By closing traditional electric power plants.
D. By using tidal energy to replace other energy.
Passage 5(2020宁波)
In the future, people may travel to Mars(火星) by water­powered spaceship! Today's spaceships are fine for getting things into space, but they are not so good at travelling long distances. These spaceships burn chemical fuels (燃料), and they are very expensive. Scientists say that a water­powered spaceship could make the trip to Mars much cheaper. The idea is just in the planning stages now, but scientists think such a spaceship could be developed soon.
The key to the water­powered spaceship is the engine (发动机). Regular engines push spaceships by burning fuel. The water engine will use steam, created by solar panels(太阳能板) that heat water to a high temperature. Of course, the spaceship will have to carry a lot of water for the long trip to Mars. Today's spaceships could not carry that much water. But scientists think that a spaceship blown up like a balloon will be able to.
One US company has already developed a spaceship like this. These spaceships are made of a strong material. Two of them have already been sent up into space, using rockets and then later filled with air. “Balloon” spaceships could be very large and carry enough water for a long trip. With the “Balloon” spaceships, enough water could be carried to power the engines and grow food during the trip. And the people on the spaceship might even get to take a hot bath!
Scientists say the biggest advantage of such a spaceship would be cost. The “Balloon” spaceship uses water to push it through space and costs about one thirtieth of a normal spaceship. Such savings naturally encourage continued research into balloon spaceships and water engines. If these scientists are correct, we may soon be on our way to Mars in a spaceship powered by water.
1. Which sentence best describes the main idea of the passage above?
A. The key to the water­powered spaceship is the engine.
B. In the future, people may travel to Mars by water­powered spaceship.
C. One US company has already developed a spaceship like this.
D. Scientists say the biggest advantage of such a spaceship would be cost.
2. What do you think is omitted(省略)at the end of the underlined sentence?
A. use steam B. push spaceships
C. heat water D. carry that much water
3. Besides growing food, what else might astronauts do with the rest of the water?
A. Take a hot bath. B. Freeze dangerous things.
C. Blow up a balloon. D. Change the surface of Mars.
4. On which website can we probably read this passage?
A. www.freedictionary.com/power B. www.mooc.cn/music
C. www.chinadaily.com.cn/culture D. www.space.com/spaceflight
角度2　 抗击疫情
Passage 6(2020烟台)
You have been told to wash your hands many times a day to help stop the spread of the new coronavirus(冠状病毒). But what about the mobile phone that you're always using? Scientific studies have shown that the virus can live for two to three days on smooth materials like plastic and stainless steel. Experts suggest cleaning all “high touch” surfaces every day, including phones, keyboards and computers. However, few people know how to do the cleaning.
Here are some things not to do when cleaning the phone.
♦Do not spray(喷) cleaners directly on the phone.
♦Do not put the phone into any cleaning liquids(液体)．
♦Do not use tools that use forced air, which are often used to clean computer keyboards.
♦Do not clean the phone with hard materials. They could make small cuts on it.
So, what is the right way? Below are some suggested ways to clean the phone. With any of these suggestions, be sure not to get the phone wet.
♦Start by turning off the phone. Make sure the phone is not connected to the electricity.
♦Use cleaning cloths with 70 percent alcohol(酒精) instead of the common ones.
♦Use paper cloths, or other soft cloths like those you use to clean the eyeglasses. It's OK to cover the cloths lightly in cleaners. But do remember to clean the phone “gently”．
Cleaning the phone is one of the measures that are helpful to keep away from the new coronavirus. You should clean your own phone often and tell others the correct ways to do it.
1. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ________．
A. people needn't wash their hands as required
B. all mobile phones are made of stainless steel
C. viruses can live on mobile phones much longer
D. people pay less attention to viruses on mobile phones
2. Which of the following can be used to clean the phone?
A. Hard materials. B. Tools using forced air.
C. Paper cloths with cleaners. D. Common cleaning cloths.
3. Which of the suggested ways has a direct relation with virus killing?
A. Turning off the phone. B. Using 70 percent alcohol.
C. Using soft cloths. D. Cleaning the phone gently.
4. What does the underlined word “measures” mean?
A. Tools. B. Materials. C. Ways. D. Marks.
5. What can be the best title for the article?
A. Cleaning mobile phones: do's & don'ts
B. Mobile phone: the most dangerous thing
C. The correct ways to protect mobile phones
D. The best way to fight against the coronavirus
Passage 7(2020泸州)
“China is always well protected by the bravest of them．” former US secretary of state Henry Kissinger once wrote. Indeed, in the fight against the novel coronavirus, it is medical workers who are risking their lives on the frontlines of the epidemic(疫情)．
From February 17, more than 32，000 doctors and nurses from all over China have been sent to Hubei, the center of the epidemic. They are working under unusual conditions, unimaginable stress and intensive(高强度的) schedules.
In hospitals, doctors and nurses work for long hours, usually six hours in a row. Many of them have deep marks on their faces from wearing masks and goggles(护目镜). They also choose to wear diapers(纸尿裤), as it takes nearly an hour to take their protective uniforms on and off. When they are racing time to save lives, every second matters.
To cheer each other up, medical workers wrote inspiring words on their uniforms, such as “Stay strong” and “Hope”. They strongly believe that they will win the fight against the virus.
These medical workers are just common people. But with their white coats on, they become the bravest fighters.
1. In the passage, the underlined word “them” probably refers to ________．
A. Some soldiers. B. Masks and goggles.
C. Medical workers. D. Protective uniforms.
2. Because ________， doctors and nurses choose to wear diapers.
A. they are racing time to save lives B. they don't take enough underwear
C. they are in poor health conditions D. they'd like to try something different
3. Why do medical workers write some words on their uniforms?
A. To be cool. B. To protect themselves from the virus.
C. To have a long memory. D. To support and encourage each other.
4. In the passage, the writer mainly tells us that the medical workers ________．
A. are kind and patient B. are the bravest fighters
C. live a relaxing life every day D. have good working conditions
5. In which part of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Travel. B. News. C. Sports. D. Lifestyle.
话题10　彰显中国实力与美
Passage 1(2020德州)
The opening of the Beijing­Zhangjiakou high­speed railway took place in December, 2019. The railway is a milestone in China's railway development because it has used the latest technologies in railway building.
The railway is 174 kilometers long, with 10 stations. The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group—also known as CR Beijing — as an “intelligent(智能的) brain”．The center collects and shares the stations' real­time information.“With the information, the workers in the center can control the stations' lighting and temperature, monitor(监测) trains' operation and deal with emergencies(紧急情况)，”said Zhu DianPing from CR Beijing.
Zhu said some trains on the Beijing­Zhangjiakou line are “smart” as they provide 5G signals and wireless charging(无线充电) for passengers, as well as intelligent lighting. These trains can start and stop, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies themselves.
All the ten stations provide e­ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.
At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing, China's first visual remote ticket vending machine(远程可视售票机) has been installed(安装) to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online. Passengers keep in touch with the conductor through the machine and buy tickets according to video instructions.
In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China, is another great example of the country's achievements in railway building.
1. What does the word “milestone” mean in Chinese?
A. 英石(重量单位) B. 垫脚石 C. 里程碑 D. 里程表
2. The control center is described as ________．
A. CR Beijing B. Railway Beijing Group
C. a railway station D. an “intelligent brain”
3. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Each station has a control center.
B. All the trains can start and stop themselves.
C. All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines.
D. The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China.
4. E­ticket services are provided so that travelers ________．
A. can buy cheaper tickets B. needn't wait in line for paper tickets
C. can only buy tickets online D. can buy paper tickets
5. What is special about the Beijing­Zhangjiakou high­speed railway according to the passage?
A. Fast and cheap. B. Long and deep.
C. Smart and intelligent. D. Expensive and steady.
Passage 2(2020大庆)
Chinese has a long history. It has shaped other languages in Asia the way Latin has shaped languages in the West. With this history, will Chinese have a surprising future?
Over one billion people speak Chinese in the world — far more than any other language. It is the language of the country which is soon to have the world's largest economy (经济). Chinese people are found studying and doing business all over the world.
In fact, Chinese is definitely going to be a world language. Why is this certain? We must look at the economic and political power (政治影响力) of China, which is increasing every day. In the past, world languages have always been the languages of countries with powerful economies. Latin, French and English were important because of the power of the countries that spoke those languages.
Foreign interest in Chinese has developed very quickly together with the development of the Chinese economy. Chinese has become one of the most important and popular languages to learn.
As China develops, more and more people will want to learn about Chinese language and culture, to work and study in China, and to do business with Chinese companies. Chinese will one day become an international language.
1. In which way is Chinese similar to Latin?
A. They both have influenced other languages.
B. Both languages have over one billion speakers.
C. They both have a long history and a bright future.
D. Both languages are spoken only by Chinese.
2. What's probably the meaning of the underlined word “definitely” in the third paragraph?
A. Always. B. Certainly. C. Never. D. Possibly.
3. What is the relationship between language and economy?
A. The more important language is, the stronger economy is.
B. The stronger economy is, the less important language is.
C. The weaker economy is, the more important language is.
D. The stronger economy is, the more important language is.
4. Why is Chinese more widely used?
A. Because more and more Chinese go abroad.
B. Because people across the world travel to China.
C. Because many universities in China are world­famous.
D. Because more foreigners are becoming interested in Chinese.
5. What might the writer think of the future of Chinese?
A. Hopeful. B. Unclear. C. Dark. D. Doubtful.
分点训练三　应用文


话题1　广告图表
Passage 1(2020北京)


Matt
Posted 5/15/20 4：53PM
I created Teens Helping Seniors with my friends. The group has about 200 volunteers. The volunteers deliver food or other supplies for the elderly in town. I spend six to eight hours a week buying food and making deliveries. By now we have completed 350 deliveries.

Linda
Posted 5/15/20 6：25PM
I organized Mittler Senior Technology, a program to help the elderly learn how to use computers and smartphones. Now there are 50 local seniors in the weekly technology classes. I want to make sure that the seniors could
stay connected to the world.

Jordan
Posted 5/16/20 5：20PM
I came up with a way to help lonely seniors with my friends. We call it the Joy 4 All Project. By dialing 569­4255, the elderly can hear pre­recorded jokes and poems. The hotline has received more than 1，800 phone calls.

Kathy
Posted 5/16/20 7：46PM
I heard that the seniors in the nursing home couldn't see their families and friends very often, so my friends and I decided to cheer up the elderly by writing them letters. We want them to know that nobody is being forgotten. By now more than 100 students in my school have joined us.
1. Who created Teens Helping Seniors?
A. Kathy. B. Linda. C. Jordan. D. Matt.
2. How many local seniors are there in the weekly technology classes?
A. 50. B. 100. C. 200. D. 350.
3. To help the elderly in the nursing home, Kathy and her schoolmates ________．
A. taught them how to use computers
B. recorded jokes and poems for them
C. wrote them letters to cheer them up
D. delivered food or other supplies for them
Passage 2(2020河南)

Liverpool MUSIC
The Beatles Story The world­famous 1960s music group came from Liverpool. Find out about The Beatles at the The Beatles Story. Open every day except Dec 25 and 26.
Adult：　　　￡15.95
Student: ￡12.00
Child: ￡7.00
Child under five：Free
Liverpool SPORT
Liverpool FC This city loves football. Visit Anfield football stadium, home to Liverpool's favourite football team, and take a tour.
Closed on weekends.
Adult：　　　　　　　￡15.00
Under­16s and students: ￡9.00
Child under five: Free
Liverpool MUSEUM
Visit the Liverpool Museum.
Learn all about the history and culture of Liverpool.
Free entry！
Open daily 10 a．m.－5 p．m.

Liverpool SHOPPING
Liverpool ONE Find the best shopping in the centre of Liverpool at Liverpool ONE, Liverpool's new shopping centre. Opened in 2008.
More than 160 shops, restaurants and cinemas.

1. What can you learn about at The Beatles Story?
A. A music group.
B. A famous writer.
C. The history of the city.
D. The English art culture.
2. How much do they pay if a student and his parents visit Anfield stadium?　　　　　　　　　　
A. ￡24.00. B. ￡30.00. C. ￡33.00. D. ￡39.00.
3. How long does Liverpool Museum run daily?
A. Five hours. B. Seven hours.
C. Nine hours. D. Ten hours.
4. What is Liverpool ONE?
A. A cinema. B. A restaurant.
C. A music hall. D. A shopping centre.
5. Where is the text most probably from?
A. A research paper. B. A health magazine.
C. A travel guidebook. D. A geography textbook.
Passage 3(2020重庆A卷)

1. Volunteers will teach children ________．
A. how to protect the sea B. how to write a letter
C. how to speak Chinese D. how to play the piano
2. Volunteers need to start work on________．
A. Sunday B. Monday
C. Friday D. Saturday
3. Volunteers can________．
A. leave at any time B. have a good pay
C. do some business D. stay in a beach room
Passage 4(2020安徽)
What Will You Do with A Dollar?
■ I will hide the dollar in the most beautiful place that I can find, and then create a map to the dollar. I hope someone will discover this map years later and have a magic travel to go on.
Philip Stockton
■ I will buy a cup of coffee for the most successful person in New York and ask for his/her secret of success.
Patrick Martine
■ A single dollar gets me almost nothing, so I will get my friends together and ask each of them to give a dollar. We will give an open­air concert in our town. I hope the show can brighten the day of the town.
David Andrew
■ In my travels, I find people need clean drinking water most. I once saw in Africa 40 to 50 people travel 25 miles for water. So I will use the dollar to provide free drinking water for people in need.
Ben Harrison
Follow us on https：//justforfun.com/art_of_living for more.)

1. What will Patrick Martine do with a dollar?
A. To create a tourist map.
B. To go on a magic trip.
C. To ask for the secret of success.
D. To give an open­air concert.
2. Who wants to help people in need of free drinking water?
A. Philip Stockton. B. Patrick Martine.
C. David Andrew. D. Ben Harrison.
3. Where does the text probably come from?
A. A film magazine. B. A science report.
C. A website. D. A travel guide.
Passage 5(2020广州)


Five interesting sports
Our most unusual sports from around the world
Every country has a national sport and some popular sports now played across the world. However, in most countries people also play unusual sports, with strange or interesting rules. Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet.
Man Vs. Horse Marathon
This race takes place in a small town in Wales, about 200 miles from London. It's called a marathon(马拉松), but it's actually 35. 4 km, not 42. 2 km like a usual marathon. People race against horses across the hills and mountains. It started in 1981, but a human did not win until 2004.
Camel Wrestling
In Turkey, camel (骆驼) wresting is a very old sport. The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come. In the sport, two camels fight against each other. Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous.
Dragon Boat Racing
Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end. There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water. Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries.
Caber Toss
In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it's usually the size of a small tree. It's an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out.
Chess Boxing
A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart. Players play a round of chess, followed by a round of boxing. There are eleven rounds in total. Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer. The sport is more popular in England and Germany.

1. What can we learn about Man vs. Horse Marathon?
A. It is an outdoor sport.
B. It first appeared 16 years ago.
C. No human has ever won the game.
D. It follows the rules of a usual marathon.
2. Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling?
A. It should be stopped.
B. It's worth seeing.
C. It's unfair to the animals.
D. It's sometimes dangerous to watch.
3. 全国视野新考法 Which picture best describes Caber Toss?

4. Which sport is popular in Asia?
A. Man vs. Horse Marathon. B. Dragon Boat Racing.
C. Caber Toss. D. Chess Boxing.
5. How many sports have animals as players?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Passage 6(2020南京)

1. The Walla Walla Wallaby Foundation is set up to________．
A. sell the wallaby's food B. support the wallaby
C. take photos of the wallaby D. provide news about the wallaby
2. If you want to give money to support WWWF, you can click on the icon “________”．
A. About WWWF B. Donate
C. Discussion Forums D. Educational Resources
3. The reading material above is ________．
A. a diary B. a story
C. a questionnaire D. a web page
Passage 7(2020苏州)

1. What is www.niftynoodlesatnight.com.cn?
A. The name of the owner. B. The address of the website.
C. A collection of food. D. The name of the markets.
2. When can people go to the markets?
A. At 3 pm on Monday. B. At 11 am on Tuesday.
C. At 9 pm on Sunday. D. At 10 pm on Thursday.
3. The main purpose of the advertisement is to ________．
A. encourage people to go and eat at the markets
B. tell people the features of delicious Asian food
C. ask people to choose the food pictures they like
D. introduce some supporting companies to people
Passage 8(2020绍兴)

1. The purpose of Almanac Challenge is to ________．
A. tell us the importance of lions B. raise $500 for a party
C. encourage us to help save lions D. sell Nat Geo Kids magazines
2. If you want to join in Almanac Challenge, you must ________．
A. Call Nat Geo Kids magazine B. be at least six years old
C. have a talent for drawing D. hand in a poster after Dec.3
3. Almanac Challenge is most probably a ________．
A. competition B. meeting C. survey D. test
Passage 9(2020泰安)
The Digital Media Summer Camp
The digital media(数字媒体) summer camp is a great chance for students aged 7 to 18 to have STEM courses. Students can learn to build an app, program a robot, or explore(探索) the world of music production. STEM courses will also help students create, learn teamwork and solve problems.
Students will learn from our teachers who have been employed(聘用) for both their teaching experience and rich knowledge in their fields. Besides making new friends, students will leave with amazing final projects and lasting memories.
Time：August 1st－August 31st
Daily Schedule：
8：30 a．m.～10：00 a．m.　Hands­on STEM Instruction
10：30 a．m.～12：00 p. m．　Continued Instruction & Creation
12：00 p. m．～1：30 p．m.　Lunch Break
1：30 p. m．～3：00 p. m．　Robots Programming
3：30 p．m.～4：30 p．m.　Music Appreciation(鉴赏)
Saturday Open House：
At 3：30 p．m. every Saturday, parents are invited to our Open House. Students can show the projects they have been working on. Their parents can meet the teachers and explore more chances for their children to continue learning and creating.
1. The digital media summer camp can help students ________．
A. keep healthy B. learn a foreign language
C. improve their writing ability D. develop STEM knowledge
2. Which word can best describe the teachers of the summer camp?
A. Experienced. B. Humorous. C. Young. D. Strict.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Parents can be invited to see their kids' projects.
B. Students will leave the camp with amazing final projects.
C. Students' lunch break lasts two hours.
D. Students can learn to program a robot in the summer camp.
话题2　诗歌和剧本
Passage 1(2020重庆B卷)
Characters: a judge (法官)　　Mike (a painter)　　Peter (a cook)
Setting: a courtroom (法庭)
A judge is sitting behind a desk. Mike and Peter are standing in front of her.
Peter: Your honor. This man lives in a room above my restaurant. I heard him telling a friend that he was stealing from me.
Mike: Smells, your honor! I just take the smells of the food coming up from the restaurant.
Judge: (Looking at Mike) What do you do with the smells?
Mike: The smells help me imagine that I am eating a fine dinner.
Judge: (To Peter) And how much do you want for these smells, sir?
Peter: The 5 coins he always carries.
Mike: But my mother gave me the coins to save me when in need.
Judge: (To Mike) Drop the coins onto the table, one at a time. (Mike drops the coins.) Case dismissed (结案)．
Peter: What do you mean? I didn't get paid!
Judge: You want the SMELLS paid. Mike has now paid you in SOUNDS—the sounds of the coins.
1. ________ lives in a room above the restaurant.
A. The judge B. Mike C. Peter D. No one
2. Peter wanted to get ________ from Mike.
A. the smells B. the food
C. the sounds D. the coins
3. From the material, we can see that the judge is ________．
A. poor B. rich C. stupid D. wise
4. The material above is probably ________．
A. a play B. a poem
C. a notice D. a diary
Passage 2(2020遵义)
________
By the Youth
When we were scared, sad and helpless,
you gave us courage, warmth and hopes.
When we had to stay at home to keep away from the illness，
you, workers, helped us buy living things；
Leaving your children behind，
you worked in the neighborhood every day,
you never complained but smiled the whole day.
When we needed all kinds of materials，
you, drivers, drove them there without thinking twice；
Running on the streets, between the cities,
you made sure things went well as usual.
When we had coughs or fevers，
you, __▲__， tried your best to save our lives;
Looking after the patients in the hospital day and night.
you never gave up until the sick got well.
There are many people doing jobs in silence；
There are many people giving hands without telling their names.
Thanks for your hard work and selflessness.
You're the heroes of the times.
You're the most beautiful in our heart. We love you!


1. We had to stay at home because ________．
A. we didn't want to go out B. we had enough food
C. we didn't want to work D. we wanted to avoid the illness
2. According to the poem, the drivers were ________．
A. warm­hearted B. awful
C. cruel D. cold
3. 全国视野新考法) Which can be the best for __▲__ ?
A. scientists. B. officers.
C. doctors and nurses. D. drivers.
4. What's the writer's purpose of writing this poem?
A. To show his praises. B. To show his regrets.
C. To show his worries. D. To show his wishes.
5. What's the best title for the poem?
A. To the politest people. B. To the most beautiful people.
C. To the cleverest people. D. To the most humorous people.
分点训练四　议论文
话题1　观点看法
Passage 1(2020安徽)
In the past, I thought I was terrible at many things, such as math, French and science. Although I was good at drawing, I wasn't the best in my art class. I wanted to find out who I was, what I liked, and how I could do it better. So, that winter, I took a notebook and kept my diary. When I filled that notebook, I started another one, and then another.
Keeping a diary helps a lot. Studies have shown that people who keep a diary sleep and feel better. It helps people remember what once happened such as dreams, friendships and happiness. Writing about bad feelings can also help brains get over them and move on. Personally, I learn better about myself and my relationships with others by keeping a diary. For example, when I am fighting with my dad, I'll try writing from his point and it works! If I want to compare myself with my classmates, I'll write something like, “I might not have clear skin, but I like my eyes.”
Right about now, you might be thinking: it sounds great, but I'm not a good writer; or I'd love to keep a diary, but my handwriting is terrible. Don't worry! Keeping a diary is not like doing your homework—there are no rules, so do whatever feels best.
1. What was the writer good at in the past?
A. Math. B. French. C. Science. D. Drawing.
2. What does the underlined word “them” refer to(指的是)?
A. Studies. B. Bad feelings. C. Friendships. D. Brains.
3. 全国视野新考法 What is the second paragraph(段落) mainly about?
A. Reasons for fighting with Dad. B. Rules of comparing with others.
C. Ways of having clear skin. D. Advantages of keeping a diary.
Passage 2(2020杭州)
How would you feel if someone decided to take away your park? Well that's what's happening in my community. There's a park that some people want to turn into a golf course(高尔夫球场). Let me tell you why I think it's a bad idea.
First, a park is meant to be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the park. This isn't fair. A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.
Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment(设施) will have to be moved or knocked down, which is a waste of time and money. It's also a waste of perfectly good equipment. The swings, for example, will probably just end up as litter.
Third, what about giving young people something to do? Not all kids are crazy about golf. At the moment, the park has a skating place and a playground. These attract lots of kids from the community. If you turn the park into a golf course, these kids won't have anywhere to go and won't have anything to do. This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise. It also means that they might be out on the street causing trouble. Wouldn't it be better to give them something to do at the park?
Finally, golf is expensive. Building a golf course and maintaining(维护) it costs a lot of money. Who is going to pay to maintain the golf course? What about those people who can't afford to join a golf club? That means that the golf course will only be available to people with lots of money.
Turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I suggest we have a community meeting before plans go any further.
1. Some people want to change the park into________．
A. a golf club B. a golf course
C. a parking place D. a skating place
2. According to Paragraph 4, having nowhere to go will make some children________．
A. go to get some exercise
B. fall in love with golf
C. play video games at home
D. go to the street and make friends
3. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？(P＝Paragraph)

4. What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To help carry out further plans.
B. To make the park more beautiful.
C. To encourage children to go skating.
D. To stop the golf course from being built.
话题2　科技和网络
Passage 1(2020北京)
Today we can do everything with apps: pay bills, order food and shop for anything. Mobile technology means we can hold the world in our hands. However, when it comes to technology and health care, opportunities and challenges come together.
Let's start with the ways to get health care. Telemedicine can allow a patient to use
technology to see the doctor online and get a diagnosis(诊断) and instructions without
leaving home.
In addition, there are many patient websites. These allow for different kinds of interactions about our health needs without involving the medical team. Setting a date with doctors and reading lab results are readily achieved by technology.
A whole new age of medical care seems likely (可能的) to come in the future. But every coin has two sides. What might be on the other side of techno­health care?
Firstly, we should think about the health care experience as a whole. A usual visit to a doctor begins with a receptionist (接待员), who can see and tell how a patient is doing. This may influence the treatment effect. It's unlikely that a patient website will have such intuition．
Next, sharing the details of one's life requires trust, which takes time to build. This is certainly true in health care, where some of life's best and worst moments involve doctors. The human touch should not be undervalued and is unlikely to be there over the smartphone.
Lastly, test results can be difficult to understand. When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there's room for all kinds of stories to form in their minds—and also great worry.
So how does medicine adapt (适应) to the new technology age? Very talented companies are working on it. There is medical equipment (设备) that can be used at home to send necessary signs and heart sounds through telemedicine. It seems likely that some companies will find a way to explain test results.
But what it will not achieve is the warmth of human interaction and touch. Patients often need someone to listen to—and care about—their journey story, which will never be realized through a human­less technology. Technology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects. Let's not allow our humanity to be one of them.
1. According to the passage，how does technology help health care?
A. It encourages doctors to voice their needs on the websites.
B. It offers the patient a convenient way to get a diagnosis.
C. It improves relations between doctors and patients.
D. It provides an opportunity to build a medical team.
2. The word “intuition” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________．
A. an ability to understand B. an interesting experience
C. a chance to win D. a fair decision
3. What do you know about techno­health care from the passage?
A. Patient websites require trust from doctors.
B. Talented companies can give medical advice.
C. Flagged results may cause worry for patients.
D. Medical equipment collects patients' stories.
4. The writer probably agrees that ________．
A. technology can deal with unexpected effects
B. telemedicine can take the place of usual health care
C. it is difficult for patients to adapt to the new technology age
D. techno­health care should take humanity into consideration

Passage 2(2020山西)
These days, teenagers are heavily influenced by the media. Many of them have
watched thousands of hours of TV. That's more time than they spend with teachers at
school. And we haven't yet considered the hours they spend using the Internet and
reading newspapers.
However, several studies have shown a serious problem: today's teenagers lack
media literacy(媒体素养). In other words, they have difficulty critically thinking about the information they see. One study that was done on middle school students students showed that more than 80 percent of them couldn't tell the difference between real stories and ads that looked like news.
Standford professor Kevin John teaches a class called Media Effects. He tries to help his students learn media literacy. The professor gave an example that shows why media literacy is important. In the example, two news stations report a snowstorm. One focuses on(关注) the terrible road conditions. The other focuses on kids playing in the snow. “With a news story, news stations tell you what they feel are the important details(细节). These details mostly depend on the opinions of the news director，” said John. “A person who has media literacy would realize that each story is about one side at this time. There is more going on.”
Some experts think school is the best place to teach media literacy. Others believe everyone — from parents to reporters — should help teenagers learn the skills.
As for the best time to start learning media literacy, many experts suggest the age of 12. But some basic ideas can be taught even earlier. “It's never too early to start learning media literacy，” John said.
1. From the first paragraph, we can learn that teenagers today spend more time ________．
A. using the Internet than watching TV
B. watching TV than studying at school
C. studying at school than reading newspapers
2. The underlined word “lack” in paragraph 2 probably means ________．
A. 缺乏 B. 质疑 C. 误解
3. The example shows that a person who has media literacy ________ about a news story.
A. should have the same opinions as others
B. could think about its good and bad sides
C. must know about all the important details
4. Professor Kevin John would agree that ________．
A. everyone is supposed to help children learn different skills
B. children should be taught media literacy as early as possible
C. news directors should report the news children are interested in
5. The main idea of the passage is ________．
A. how to develop teenagers' media literacy
B. where teenagers should be taught media literacy
C. why teenagers are supposed to have media literacy
Passage 3(2020宁波)

1. The underlined word “invade” in Para.1 probably means ________．
A. enter B. leave C. accept D. fight
2. Which of the following can be best put in __▲__ in Para.2?
A. Each teacher is different
B. Each student is different
C. All teachers are helpful
D. All students are fun
3. Of the 4 comments, ________ thinks that robots could give lots of help to learners in class.
A. Sara B. Keiko C. Hassan D. Nancy
4. What's the writer's attitude(态度) towards robots' teaching English?
A. Uncaring. B. Supportive.
C. Doubtful. D. Agreeable.
Passage 4(2020泰安)
To many people, art is a human expression of creativity. But in recent years, you may have read news about artificial intelligence(AI) creating its own art, such as painting or writing poems. Some people worry that AI might someday replace(替代) artists.
But this worry seems to be unnecessary, at least for now. Many artists today are turning
AI into a useful tool. Instead of replacing artists, AI is bringing artists more possibilities.
A piece of music created by AI recently attracted attention. AI was used to create
the music based on the protein(蛋白质) structure of COVID­19. The music lasted nearly
two hours. The project was led by Markus Buehler, an American musician and MIT professor(教授) of engineering. He assigned(指定) a unique note (独特的音符) to each amino acid(氨基酸) in the protein. The AI then translated these notes into music.
Listeners found the project “mind­blowing”．“It allows me to see the virus in a new way，” said one listener. This surprising combination(结合) between science and art could not be achieved without AI. As The Verge wrote, “AI helps artists play around in unpredictable ways, creating things beyond(超过) what they have ever thought was possible before.”
Apart_from creating imaginative works, AI can also take care of repetitive(重复乏味的) tasks for artists. For example, in the comic and cartoon industries, there are now AI tools that can automatically(自动) color in black­and­white line drawings. Although the results can be unpredictable and require a little cleanup, it can give artists room to experiment(实验), by cutting down the time it takes to color each picture.
As Peter Ward wrote for The Culture Trip, “Art of every kind has always been influenced by technological developments.”AI can become a useful tool to bring change to the art world if it's welcomed and not unfairly feared.
1. According to the passage, AI can't ________ now.
A. write poems B. paint
C. replace artists D. create music
2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the third and fourth paragraphs?
A. AI created a piece of music about COVID­19.
B. Many of AI's art creations are beyond artists' imagination.
C. Science and art can be combined with the help of AI.
D. Markus Buehler was not a professor of engineering, but a musician.
3. The underlined phrase “Apart from” in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by “________”．
A. Besides B. Instead of
C. Because of D. According to
4. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Technological developments have greatly influenced people's daily life.
B. AI has been widely used in science research.
C. AI is bringing more help to the art world as a useful tool.
D. AI's creativity has caused more and more worries.
话题3　环境保护
Passage 1(2020滨州)
Animals are our friends. Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can help us. And they hope to live a happy life, too. Here are two real stories from our readers.
The first story is from Ray. “My cat, Tiger, hates it when I use my iPad because it takes my attention away from him. One year, I had a fall at home and was on the floor for 16 hours. During this time, I was unable to move and couldn't get to the phone to call for help. Tiger stayed by my side until he disappeared under my bed.‘What's he up to？’I wondered. To my surprise, he started to push something towards me. It was my iPad, which I didn't realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn't know what it was, but he knew that it made me happy. Thanks to Tiger, I was able to communicate with my friend, Becky, who then told my doctor.”
The second story is from Colin. “Years ago, my friend Julius saved a bird—a wild ‘Mom’ cockatoo(鹦鹉)from the side of the road and kept it as a pet in a big cage(笼子). It lost one of her wings, so she was unable to return to the wild. Soon, two wild cockatoos came visiting and one ‘Dad’ bird wanted to find his way into the cage. The ‘Mom’ cockatoo in the cage was soon expecting. But as she couldn't fly, ‘Dad’ cockatoo built a home in the tree, keeping off everyone who got close to ‘Mom’ cockatoo. ‘Baby’ cockatoo would spend his days flying off with his dad, leaving his mom behind. She would sit and wait until they returned home each afternoon. The family stayed together happily.”
After reading the stories, don't you think we should get along well with animals? No matter they are our pets or live in the wild, they have their feelings. We should respect every life in the world.
1. ________ is the owner of the cat.
A. Becky B. Julius
C. Colin D. Ray
2. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to the________．
A. phone B. cat
C. iPad D. bed
3. “Mom” cockatoo didn't return to the wild because________.
A. Julius caught it as a pet
B. she was badly hurt and couldn't fly
C. she preferred the life in the cage
D. “Dad” cockatoo built a home in the tree
4. The main idea of the passage is that________．
A. Ray, Becky and Colin are animal lovers
B. we shouldn't use iPad too much
C. friends should help each other
D. we should respect every life in the world
5. In which part of a newspaper would you probably read the passage?
A. Sports news. B. People and animals.
C. Health. D. Travel.


















题型三　阅读理解
命题点分类集训
命题点1　细节理解
1. A　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“dad ask her to”定位到第二句“Dad asked her to take it for a test drive.”可知，爸爸要求她去试驾。故选A。
2. A　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“The best way to enjoy”定位至最后两句“Now, there are over one hundred balloons flying every day early in the morning as the sun rises. It is the best way to enjoy the amazing beauty of Goreme.”可知，欣赏格雷斯美景的最佳方式是乘坐热气球飞行。故选A。
3. B　【解析】根据第二段中“...and the air hostesses couldn't understand what he needed.”中的关键词“couldn't understand”可知，那位乘客是聋哑人，眼睛也看不见，因此空姐们不知道他需要什么。故选B。
4. A　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“topic”可定位到“Writing Competition”下“The topic of the writing competition is ‘Exercise and Me'.”可知写作比赛的主题。故选A。
5. B　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“after­school exercise classes”可定位到“After­school Exercise Classes”下“The after­school exercise classes will run from 18 December to 14 January.”可知，课外活动课的开始时间是12月18日。故选B。
6. D　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“keep quiet in his seat”可定位到最后一句，可知不说话的原因是没有勇气去和陌生人交流。故选D。
7. A　【解析】根据第二句“The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking.”中的关键词“get up and start walking”可知对婴儿来说，最好的学习走路的方式就是站起来开始走路。故选A。
8. 根据题干中关键词“get bad messages online”可定位到第一、二句“If you get bad messages online, don’t reply. You should give them to your teacher, your family or the police”可知应该把它们给你的老师、家人或警察。故选B。
9. B　【解析】根据本段第二句“ We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills”及最后一句“This will increase the amount of...experience of time.”可知接触新的事物可以增加我们对时间的体验，选项中只有B项“去新的地方旅行”属于新事物。故选B。
10. D　【解析】根据题干中的关键词“is most famous for”定位至第二句“It is best­known for its strange rock shapes and hot air balloon trips during sunrise(日出)．”可知，格雷梅是以它奇特的岩石形状和日出时的热气球旅行而闻名。be most famous for相当于be best­known for。故选D。
11. C　【解析】根据本段第四句“As a child, in my free time, I enjoyed playing with electronics.”可知他从小就对电子产品感兴趣。故选C。
12. C　【解析】根据本段第四句“The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments(判断) . ”可知，病人也可能无法做出合理的判断，make reasonable judgments和judge things correctly相对应。故选C。
13. D　【解析】根据文章中出现的online可对应到选项中的on the Internet。故选D。
命题点2　推理判断
1. C　【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“‘All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.’”可知，颜宁认为只要我们有勇气追寻梦想，梦想终会实现，因此推断出这也是她成功的原因。故选C。
2. D　【解析】根据前文“Then he picks up the ashes(灰烬) with an old newspaper”可知，彼得用旧报纸去装燃烧后的灰烬。再根据下文“Whoops...the paper has caught fire.”可知，旧报纸着火了。因此可推知Susie说的应该是“那是危险的”。故选D。
3. C　【解析】根据本段第二、三、四句可推测出，作者意识到自己得到了妈妈很多的关爱。故选C。
4. B　【解析】根据本段第二、三句可知，作者刚来到城市时，他在新学校过得很艰难。故选B。
5. D　【解析】根据文中“chemical sensors(nose)”，可推知化学传感器可能帮助机器人闻(东西)。故选D。
6. B　【解析】由本段中“Jo was tall and thin and she was a tomboy(假小子)．..Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie.”可推断出乔和劳里是邻居。故选B。
7. C　【解析】作者在本文就如何远离打架，向学生提出了几点建议，可推断出作者的语气是严肃的。故选C。
8. B　【解析】 根据“Each time I would answer softly”及“Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.”可以推断作者是体贴的。故选B。
9. C　【解析】根据本段第三句“After class I was filled with enthusiasm and couldn't stop thinking about ‘ni hao' and all the new words yet to come.”可知上完第一节课后，作者充满了热情，而且无法控制自己脑海里浮现出的一些中文词语，由此可推知他是激动不已的。故选C。
10. A　【解析】通读本文可知文章介绍了格雷梅的四个著名景点，为旅行者提供参考，因此最有可能出现在旅游指南上。故选A。
11. B　【解析】本文是在介绍一种新型的健身方式——水中锻炼，并号召人们积极参与，可见这是一篇与健康话题有关的文章。故选B。
12. C　【解析】根据题干提取关键词“which section”可知此题是问文章的出处，综合文章内容可知是自己动手制作东西(火箭)。故选C。
13. D　【解析】阅读短文可知，艾米丽帮助了托尼，而又没被别人发现。由此可知，她是一个善良又聪明的女孩。故选D。
14. C　【解析】根据文中第二段第一句再联系上文可知刚开始的时候Tom是非常紧张的，在一位女士买走一面旗帜之后，他们快速且勇敢地卖完了旗帜，所以可推知他们感到非常自信。故选C。
命题点3　词义猜测
1. C　【解析】由划线单词所在句中的“But”可知此处与前文内容存在转折关系，结合文章内容可知，自助书籍曾经是被人们嘲笑的，人们并不会严肃对待鸡汤故事和成功学书籍，但是现在这些都被年轻人接受了，与accepted意思接近。故选C。
2. D　【解析】根据上一句“It is too salty to drink.”可知海水太咸不能饮用，以及后文介绍在沿海国家建造工厂加工水可推知，此处是指海水淡化这项工艺。故选D。
3. D　【解析】根据后句“We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen.”可知钢笔在我们的生活中是有用的。故选D。
4. B　【解析】根据下文“with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say ‘stop'”可知，此处指如果你知道有人要在你身后袭击你”。故选B。
5. C　【解析】根据生词所在句后一句“Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents.”可知答案。故选C。
6. D　【解析】根据本段的内容可知，一些动物在冬天时要找地方藏起来睡觉，故可推断划线单词“hibernation”的意思是“冬眠”。故选D。
7. B　【解析】根据最后一句“In other words, you must wait until they finish before you start speaking.”可知，此处指当别人正在和你说话时，打断他们是不礼貌的，所以划线词“interrupt”的意思是打断。故选B。
8. A　【解析】根据后文“That is to say, you can go with a person who you really believe in.”可知此处表示可信的，believable意为“可信的”。故选A。
9. C　【解析】根据关键词“smarts”可知该词的意思是“智能”。故选C。
10. D　【解析】根据上半句中的“cleaned”及下句中的“collected”可知此处表示“带走垃圾”。故选D。
11. B　【解析】根据后文“...relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache.”可推断出tighten和relax(放松)的意思是相反的。故“变紧”符合语境。故选B。
12. A　【解析】根据本段倒数第二句“But many scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future.”可知目前这种购物方式是很罕见的。故选A。
13. C　【解析】由下文“If you stay with the person with flu, you can catch flu easily.”可推断划线单词意为“传染的”。故选C。
14. B　【解析】根据后面列举的每年端午节的时间可以知道端午节的时间每年都是变化着的，可知划线单词在本文中意为“变化”。故选B。
15. A　【解析】act意为作出反应，前缀re­意为“再，重复，回或向后”。故选A。
16. C　【解析】weak作形容词，意为“弱的；虚弱的”，加后缀“­en”作动词，根据选项可推出意为“减弱”。再结合常识和句意验证可知，减弱对身体的保护会导致身体更加容易生病。故选C。
17. B　【解析】根据句中的“and often put a special red nose on his face”及常识可知，小丑会在脸上戴一个红鼻子。故选B。
18. B　【解析】根据文中“This bird doesn't talk”可知这只鸟应该是会说话的，根据常识可知三个选项中只有鹦鹉会说话。故选B。
命题点4　主旨/段落大意
1. C　【解析】文章开门见山，点明主题——活动月(the Exercise Month)。故选C。
2. A　【解析】文章开门见山，引出主题“But is it all fun and games？”，由此可知下文内容和专业游戏并不只是娱乐和游戏有关。故选A。
3. C　【解析】文章开门见山，点明主题——表情包(memes)。故选C。
4. C　【解析】浏览全文，并根据最后一段第一句“Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that.”点明“行动很重要”的主题。故选C。
5. B　【解析】联系上下文可知，在作者举行颁奖典礼后，Ronny在短短几日便可以流利地朗读有关作者送给他的那本书。最后一段点明主题——在学习中学生们需要得到鼓励来变得更优秀。结合选项可知B项最符合文意。故选B。
6. D　【解析】根据文章第一段“Street dance is an energetic and exciting type of dance. It started with people dancing in the street rather than in a studio(练功房)．”可知此处点出主题，介绍街舞及其发展，结合文章最后一段“Today bands have formed that combine(结合) singing with street dance. Street dance is becoming a popular culture.”可知再次强调了街舞的发展及其重要性。此篇文章首尾呼应，升华主题。故选D。
7. B　【解析】题干意为：作者在最后一段想说什么？文章最后一段第一句告诉我们，面对美国制裁，华为在成长。最后一句表明，华为在不久的将来可能打败三星成为最大的手机制造商。所以华为未来的前景是非常可观的。故选B。
8. C　【解析】根据本段整体内容可知，本段主要是介绍在水中锻炼的好处。故选C。
9. D　【解析】题干意为：第三段主要告诉我们什么？文章第三段通过讲述一系列事实，说明了钱学森在中国火箭和卫星发展上做出的巨大贡献。故选D。
命题点5　标题归纳
1. B　【解析】通过文中“Yan Ning is such a dream follower.”可知颜宁在追寻梦想的道路上一直坚持不懈地努力，最终取得了成功。所以颜宁是一个积极追求梦想的人。结合本文的主旨可知B项最能概括文章内容。故选B。
2. C　【解析】通读文章内容并根据文章最后一段“Today, Doyne lives in the home and is ‘mum’to the kids.”可知，C项最能概括文章内容。故选C。
3. A　【解析】阅读短文可知，本文主要讲述的是钢笔在人类生活中的重要作用，说明了钢笔是一个强大的工具。故选A。
4. A　【解析】阅读短文可知，本文主要论述了睡眠对于健康和工作的重要性，也就是睡眠的价值。结合高频词汇可知，“sleep”为文章中的高频词汇，故选A。
5. B　【解析】本文主要讲述了Soechting致力于保护野生动物的故事，文章主题是Soechting和野生动物。故选B。
命题点6　数字计算
1. D　【解析】根据第一句和最后一句可知他们凌晨四点开始工作，晚上八点回到营地，共十六个小时。故选D。
2. C　【解析】根据“Tony is a student aged 15.”可知，托尼游玩时可以购买学生票，结合图表信息可知如果他与他的父母游玩颐和园和八达岭长城，则需付门票15＋30×2＋20＋40×2＝175元。故选C。
命题点7　写作意图
1. B　【解析】通读文章可知，作者主要从自助书籍的发展、现状以及作用，为我们介绍了这一类书籍。故选B。
2. A　【解析】根据“But how can you keep away from a fight？”可知，作者主要就如何远离打架提出了几点建议。故选A。
3. B　【剖析】根据文章中提出的不同的观点可判断文体为议论文，作者通过探讨“钱怎样才能给人带来快乐”这个观点，证明了用钱能买到的东西只能给人带来暂时的快乐，而用钱帮助他人才能让人得到真正的快乐这个观点，目的在于告诉读者：快乐的关键就是让别人快乐。故选B。
命题点8　文章结构
1. B 　【解析】通读文章可知第一段为总起段，介绍商场里女孩的玩具总是粉色的，男孩的总是深色的，甚至商场的玩具区专门给女孩设计粉色地板，男孩蓝色地板。第二、三两段都是介绍父母的担忧——担心太多的粉色会影响女孩的选择和性格。最后一段话锋一转，指出不是每个家长都觉得粉色存在问题。因此本文的结构应该是B。
2. D　【解析】阅读短文可知，作者在前两段先总地介绍Soechting想要为保护野生动物做点什么；然后介绍Soechting在保护动物方面的一些具体行动，最后一段简单介绍这个农场的社会意义。故选D。
命题点9　代词/单词指代
1. C　【解析】联系下文“it has prepared the way for all progress and development of the society.”可知，“mountains”指代的是“阻碍社会发展的事物”。故选C。
2. B　【解析】根据文中划线单词所在句的前一句“They will come the first day and they see the scarecrow, and they go back.”可知it指代的是上文中的稻草人。故选B。
话题分类集训
分点训练一　记叙文
话题1　教育故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了双手有残疾的孩子Darrius不放弃梦想，坚持学习弹钢琴，并通过努力取得了成功的故事。
1. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在Darrius 10岁时，他将什么作为一个挑战？结合文章的第一和第二段来看，Darrius手指有残疾，而在他十岁时，却选择挑战“学会弹钢琴”。故选B。
2. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Darrius花费多长时间学习演奏《你的心河》？根据文章第四段第二句“It took Darrius a year to learn it.”可知，Darrius花费了一年的时间学习演奏《你的心河》。故选A。
3. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁鼓励Darrius追求他的梦想？根据文章第四段倒数第二句“Yiruma encouraged Darrius to follow his dream of playing his own music.”以及第四段第一句中的“...by Yiruma, a Korean musician.”可知，是一位韩国音乐家鼓励他追逐梦想。故选D。
4. A 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：关于Darrius，我们能从文中了解到什么？文章介绍了Darrius先天双手残疾，却不放弃追逐梦想，坚持练习弹钢琴并最终取得了成功。由此推断Darrius是一个具有坚强意志力的人。故选A。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了23岁的小伙子巴林顿·欧文受到一位飞行员的影响，励志学习飞行，尽管困难重重，他还是凭借自己的毅力实现了梦想的故事。
1. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么加里·罗宾逊在欧文的生命中很重要？根据第二段倒数第一、二句“He showed Irving inside the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a Boeing 777. That experience changed Irving's life.”可知罗宾逊带着欧文参观了波音777的驾驶舱，这次经历改变了他的生活，由此可推知罗宾逊使欧文对飞行产生兴趣。故选A。
2. A　【解析】句子排序题。题干意为：把关于欧文的事件按正确顺序排列。通读全文可知首先，欧文遇见加里·罗宾逊，然后学习飞行，之后得到飞机部件，制造自己的飞机，最后环球飞行。故选A。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，我们对欧文的性格有什么了解？通读全文可知欧文能够坚持自己的梦想，即使遇到困难也不轻言放弃。故选D。
4. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是什么？本文主要讲述了欧文追求自己的飞行梦。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自贫困家庭的Guana通过自己坚持不懈的努力，以及不怕苦不怕累的精神，一步一步实现自己的梦想的故事。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Guana希望成为一名清洁工因为他________。根据第二段第三、四句“The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told her he wanted to be a cleaner, too.”可知，Guana羡慕Nike可以把一切都打扫得很干净，所以他也想成为一名清洁工。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Guana成为一名学校的安全监察员________。根据第四、五段中的“...then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years. Now, as a principal...”可知，他先是努力成为一名学校安全监察员，然后做了几年的教师，现在是一名校长，由此可知，他成为安全监察员是在被任命为校长之前。故选D。
3. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线短语got there与________意思最相近。根据第二、三段内容可知，多年以前Guana想成为一名清洁工和校长，经过坚持不懈的努力，他实现了自己的梦想，先是成为清洁工来支付自己的大学费用，现在已成为一名校长，所以got there表示“实现了自己的梦想”。故选C。
4. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据作者，________。文章主要讲述了来自贫困家庭的Guana通过自己的努力实现梦想的故事。文章告诉我们：来自贫苦家庭的孩子也能有光明的未来。故选B。
5. A　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的另一个标题会是什么？通读全文，可知，本文讲述了来自贫困家庭的Guana通过自己的努力，先是做清洁工支付自己的大学费用，再到最后被任命为学校的校长，一步步实现了自己的梦想。所以最适合文章的标题是“从清洁工到领导”。故选A。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在三年前，从事医疗软件工作的40岁的克里斯蒂·罗格斯基和她的伙伴温迪·辛格尔顿创建了一个组织，专门为那些可能会因为家境困难而得不到生日蛋糕的孩子们送蛋糕。罗格斯基和辛格尔顿甚至考虑在全国范围内开展这项计划，并为独居的老人提供蛋糕。
1. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：布兰登的例子是用来帮助解释为什么________。根据第二段“Brendon's surprise came from Cakes for Kids, a group of home bakers(烘焙师) who know that a simple birthday cake can be uncommon for poor families like the Fontaines.”可以推断布兰登的例子是为了说明成立Cakes for Kids的原因。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以看到，Cakes for Kids组织________。根据第三段开头“The group was set up three years ago by Christy Rogowski, a 40­year­old who works in health care software, and her partner, Wendy Singleton.”可以知道这个组织已经成立三年了。故选B。
3. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第五段主要告诉我们________。根据该段第一句“The names of the cake receivers are provided by community organizations and Winnipeg Child and Family Services.”并结合本段内容可知本段主要讲述的是哪些孩子可以收到蛋糕。故选C。
4. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：最后一段表明Rogowski和Singleton计划________。根据最后一段第二句“Rogowski and Singleton are even considering developing the program nationally and also providing cakes for old people who live alone.”可知他们计划给独居老人提供蛋糕。故选A。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫Shane帮助他人的故事。故事告诉我们：有时候，人们需要的不仅仅是钱，而是信任、倾听和理解他们的人。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Kelly知道Shane在让女孩安静下来，因为她________。根据第二段第二句“As he talked to her, I could see from his body language that he was trying to calm(使平静) her down.”可知Kelly从Shane的肢体语言中看出他是在试图让女孩平静下来。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在大街上Shane想________当他知道她的麻烦时。根据第三段第一、二句“Some people would have handed her some money, wished her lunch or maybe allowed her to make a call. Shane did much more.”可知A、B、C中的动作并非Shane所为。结合第四段第一句“It was a bit cold, so we had an idea to take her home.”可知他们决定把她带回家。故选D。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据第四段选择正确的句子。根据本段内容可知天气有点冷，所以他们想把她带回家。当作者问她是否愿意和他们一起回家的时候，她含泪感谢了他们无数次。由此可知女孩同意和他们一起回家。故选C。
4. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第六段中的短语“get a hold of”的汉语意思是“________”。根据下文“so she had a place to go”可知是她与姐姐取得了联系。故选A。
5. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章我们知道________。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Shane drove her to the bus station and bought her a ticket.”可知Shane开车送她到汽车站，给她买了一张票，故这个女孩乘坐汽车去她姐姐住的城市。故选D。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Claire要求学校董事会在项目中增加太阳能电池板，但是董事会提供的资金远远不够，Claire组织筹集剩下的资金，最终节省了很多费用。这篇文章告诉我们遇到困难要永不言弃。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在知道该项目仍然需要资金后，Claire________。根据第二段第二句“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown­ups who set to work raising the rest.”可知，Claire组织了一群孩子和大人，他们开始努力筹集剩下的钱。由此可知，Claire是向更多人寻求帮助。故选B。
2. D　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第二段中加下划线的“them”一词指代什么？根据第二段第三句“They sold their second­hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations(捐赠), even going door­to­door for them．”可知，他们出售了二手书，进行了才艺表演，寻求捐赠，甚至为了它们走家串户。由此可知，走家串户是为了寻求捐款。故选D。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪幅图显示了使用太阳能电池板后电费的变化？根据第三段第一句“After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one­fourth of the school's electricity needs—saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars.”可知，该小组购买了太阳能电池板，现在，太阳能电池板可满足学校电力需求的四分之一，为附近地区节省了数千美元。由此可知，使用太阳能电池板后电费减少了。故选C。
4. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从最后一段Claire的话中，我们了解到________。根据最后一段第二句中“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community.”可知，Claire认为一个人可以先做些小事，然后这个项目才能成长，并对社区产生重大影响，即一些小的事情会产生大的影响。故选C。
5. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是什么？根据最后一段最后两句“There are always going to be hard parts. When there's a challenge(挑战)presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as a chance to overcome it.”可知，总会有一些困难的部分。当面临挑战时，你可以从中学到东西，并将其作为克服挑战的机会。由此可知，文章主要告诉我们遇到困难，不要放弃，努力克服困难。故选D。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个国王通过在路中央放一块石头考验这个村庄的人们是否有责任心。这个故事告诉我们：只会抱怨和期待他人解决问题是不会有好运降临的，要做一个负责任的人。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当挤奶工撞到石头的时候他感到如何？根据第二段最后一句“He picked himself up and angrily went away.”可知，挤奶工生气地走了。故选A。
2. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第4段的划线单词“responsibility”是什么意思？根据第四段第一句“The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody was willing to move it.”可知，国王看了一整天经过大石头的人，许多人都在抱怨这块石头，但没有人愿意移开它。由此推断国王想知道村里是否有有责任感的村民。故选C。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么这个国王在路上放了一块石头？根据文章的最后一段可知，国王想看是否有人会移开石头。用这种方式教会他的人民要做一个有责任心的人。故选D。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章内容，下列哪一个陈述是正确的？根据第五段第三句“She had been working all day and was very tired.”和第六段第一句“After a great deal of effort, the girl finally succeeded in moving the stone to the side of the road.”可知，女孩工作了一天非常疲劳，在经过了一番努力之后才把石头移到了路边。故选B。
5. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？根据本文的主旨大意可知，路上的大石头贯穿全文，国王用它来考验村民。故选C。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Manningtree给了Wayde一瓶蒸馏水，Wayde喝了之后变得很成功，他以为是Manningtree的药起了作用，来感谢他，后来才得知那只是一瓶普通的混合了颜料的蒸馏水。这个故事告诉我们：自信是成功的秘诀。
1. A　【解析】文章顺序题。题干意为：这个故事是按照________组织的。根据文章描述可知这个故事是按时间顺序组织的。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：吃完药后Wayde发生了什么事？根据第十三段最后一句“Two years later, he became Prime Minister.”可知两年后，他成功地成为了首相。故选C。
3. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么很多年后Wayde来看Manningtree？根据文中倒数第八段“‘I have almost finished the medicine you gave me，' Wayde said.‘Have you found out how to make it？’”可推断Wayde是来向Manningtree要更多的药，因为之前给的药已经吃完了。故选B。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于这个药我们知道什么？根据倒数第五段中“the medicine I gave you was just a bottle of distilled water”和倒数第三段中“Oh, I added some coloring.”可知这个药是由蒸馏水和一些颜料组成的。故选D。
5. A　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：从这个故事我们可以知道什么？根据最后一段中“All you needed was to have confidence in yourself.”可知应该对自己有信心，A项自信是成功的秘诀符合。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在一次慈善活动之后，决定每天给生活中那些曾经帮助过自己的人写感谢信。文章教育我们要感恩于曾经帮助过我们的每一个人。
1. A　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第2段中划线的“this”一词的意思是________。根据上文“The next day, I wrote more thank­yous and the same feeling of happiness hit me again.” 可知此处指的是写感谢信这件事。故选A。
2. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：朱莉读了吉娜的便条后最有可能的感受是什么？根据倒数第二段“I was happy to receive a note back from her. Julie replied, ‘I don't think I've ever received such a touching letter before. I'm going through a hard time right now, and this helps.’”可以推断吉娜受到了感动和鼓舞。故选D。
3. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：十二月便条的主题可能是“________”。根据最后一段中“On December 31, I wrote my last card — to Jake, my husband, and our two kids.”可推断十二月的主题和家庭有关。故选B。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，吉娜通过完成她的任务得到了什么？根据第四段最后一句“Writing thank­you notes allowed me the time to do something different, paying more attention to my own life.”可知写感谢信让作者有更多的时间来欣赏她自己的生活。故选B。
5. A　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题可以是________。根据文章内容可知作者记录了生活中每天帮助自己的人，并通过写感谢信的方式来表达对他们的感谢，A项最贴切。故选A。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。描述了作者的老师给他介绍的新朋友，约翰舍弃了自己的爱好，和作者一起玩作者喜欢的象棋，这让作者改变了自己原来的想法不要以貌取人。
1. D　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：在第l段中划线的“him”指的是________。根据第一段第一、二句“‘This is John，' said Mr Turner. The boy standing next to him was tall, with a friendly face.”可知此处指的是约翰。故选D。
2. A 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：最后一段中的句子“I was walking on air...” 表达了作者感到________。根据第十段第二、三句“I'd rather play chess with Hyun, if he doesn't mind. Mr Turner says he's an excellent player.”可知约翰拒绝了亚当和陈的邀请，而是陪作者下棋，所以作者感到很高兴。故选A。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们能从这个故事中知道什么？根据文章最后一段中第二、三句“I remembered the saying we learnt in class about not judging(判断) a book by its cover. I completely misjudged John.”可知学到了不能以貌取人。故选B。
Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以狼群追踪者的身份讲述了在20世纪二十年代，黄石国家公园为了保护麋鹿的数量，将狼群驱逐，严重破坏了公园的生态环境。因此，人们又将狼群引进，从而恢复了公园的生态平衡，而且此举也带动了当地的旅游业。这个故事告诉我们要保护大自然的生态平衡。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，一个狼追踪者的工作之一是________。根据第二段第二句“It's my job to follow wolves to record information about them.”可知狼追踪者的工作之一是记录狼的信息。故选D。
2. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：20世纪20年代，组织者为什么要把狼赶出公园？根据第三段第二、三句“From fairy tales to movies, the wolf is always the bad guy — a danger to humans and other animals. In the 1920s, the organizers of the park shared this view about wolves and made the decision to drive them away from the park. ”可以推断有狼在附近，公园被认为是不安全的。所以狼被赶出了公园。故选D。
3. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第4和第5段主要是关于狼给黄石公园带来的________。根据第四段第一句话“The return of wolves has already made a big difference.”和第五段第一句话 “The park is now becoming more and more popular with those who want to see wolves in their natural environment.”可知这两段介绍的是狼给公园带来的变化，故选C。
4. A　【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：作者最后一段中划线的句子是什么意思？根据上一句“...I am amazed at the changes the wolf has made to Yellowstone.”可知作者对狼给黄石公园带来的变化感到惊讶，可以推测该句意为：狼对黄石公园很重要。故选A。
Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位勇敢的小男孩看见堤坝上有一个洞，他便奋不顾身地上去用自己的手臂来堵住。最后，他等来了一个大人帮忙，从而避免了一场灾难。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁第一个发现了堤坝上的洞？根据第四段中的“when a little boy was going home in the evening, he saw a hole in one of the dykes”可知是那个小男孩最先发现的。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：那个男孩为什么待在那里独自堵那个洞？根据第六段中的“Or it may get so large that it will be too late to stop it.”可知如果回去找救援就会耽误时间，造成严重的后果。故选D。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：那个男孩怎样努力阻挡住水？根据第七段中的“The brave little boy sat down, and put his hand in the hole, to keep back the water.”可知他坐下来并把手放进洞里挡住水。故选C。
4. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当看见男孩时，那个男人________。根据文中“What are you doing there, my boy？”以及“He got the hole closed up.”可知那个人问小男孩发生了什么并把洞封住。故选A。
5. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：本文的最佳标题是什么？本文主要描述的就是那个小男孩英勇堵洞的行为，最后一段最后一句中“thanks to the brave little Hollander”可以总结全文。故选D。
话题2　趣味故事、童话故事和名著
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者看电影时突然笑到停不下来，他尝试通过其他一些事情来转移注意力，但还是停不下来。他笑着给老板打电话请假，老板很生气并且解雇了他，他突然醒来发现只是一场梦。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：昨晚发生的事情使作者________。根据第一段第二句“What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that.”可知昨晚发生的事情使作者理解了一些事情。故选A。
2. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当作者正在看电影时，他突然开始________。根据第二段第二句“When I was watching a funny movie, I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself.” 可知当作者正在看电影的时候，他突然开始笑。故选D。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：那只猫跑掉是因为 ________。根据第五段第六句“I tried to hold my cat in my arms, but it ran away from me in fear.”可知猫因为害怕跑掉了。故选B。
4. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在故事中作者的感受是怎样变化的？根据第三段中的“At first, I was feeling good.”、第四段中的“I began to feel a little worried.”和最后一段中的“Thank God! I just had a dream.”可知作者的感受从良好到担心再到放松。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲让七个儿子去井里打水，但是儿子们久久未归。父亲失口咒骂儿子们，导致儿子们变成七只乌鸦。最小的女儿长大后，决定去找到她的哥哥们。历经千辛万苦，她终于找到她的哥哥们，并且让他们变成了人类。本文告诉我们：第一，在说话之前一定要谨慎思考；第二，伟大且血浓与水的亲情可以战胜一切困难。
1. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：起初，七个兄弟为什么害怕回家？根据第一段倒数第一、二、三句“Once there, though, the boys began to fight and the water jug(壶) fell into the well. The boys looked into the well and thought of their father. They were afraid to go home.” 可知，七个兄弟在打闹的时候把水壶掉进井里，没办法带水回家，想到可能会被父亲责骂，所以害怕回家。故选C。
2. A 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从第二段划线句子，我们能够推断出什么？根第二段倒数第二、三、四句“The father was shocked. ‘What have I done？’ he thought. But it was too late.”可知，父亲非常的震惊，他很后悔让孩子们变成乌鸦，但是已经太迟了，他不能收回自己所说的话了。故选A。
3. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：进入了乌鸦的房子之后，这个女孩做的第一件事情是什么？根据第三段倒数第二、三句“On a table, there were seven plates and seven cups. She ate and drank a little from each of them.”可知，进入了乌鸦的家之后，女孩做得第一件事情是从每个盘子中吃了一点和从杯子里喝了一点水。故选A。
4. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：乌鸦们怎样再次变成人类的？根据最后一段倒数第二、三、四句“The raven recognized it at once—it was his parents' ring. ‘I wish our sister were here，’ he said, ‘and then we could be free.’ At that moment, their sister ran to them, and suddenly the ravens were human again.”可知，乌鸦认出了他父母的戒指并且许愿他的妹妹在这儿，这样他们就能够获得自由变成人类。故选B。
5. D 　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：我们能够从这个故事学到什么教训？根据文章内容可知，父亲一时冲动，结果使得七个儿子变成了乌鸦。所以这个故事告诉我们，在说话之前，要认真考虑。故选D。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·弗恩历险记》，讲述了哈克是如何机智地从家中逃出去的过程。
1. D　【解析】排序题。题干意为：下列哪一项的顺序是正确的？根据文中信息“One day I found an old saw(锯子)that he hid in the roof.”“While I was fishing by the river...”“I'll hide the boat near some trees and use it tonight！”“Then I ran into the woods to hunt a wild pig.”可知D项的顺序是正确的。故选D。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：以下哪一个是填入文中空白处“________”最好的选项？根据空格后句子“‘They'll come and look for my body in the river.’”可推断出作者想制造出自己已经死亡的假象，让其他人以为作者死了，以为猪血就是作者的血。故选B。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：哈克去杰克逊岛是因为他想要________。根据文章第一段第一句“My father, who was always drunk and angry, beat me more and more every day.”及第四段第二句“This is my chance to escape.”可知哈克迫切地想要远离他的父亲，可以推断出他去杰克逊岛是因为他想逃离他的父亲。故选D。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，哈克是怎样的一个人？通读文章，从哈克最初找到锯子，发现小船，到通过锯子逃出家并杀了野猪制造自己死亡的假象，以及最终顺利逃出的这一系列过程，我们可以推测出哈克是一个勇敢又聪明的男孩。故选A。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黛拉和吉姆为了给彼此买圣诞礼物，都卖掉了自己最珍贵的东西。
1. D 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：Della数了三遍她的钱，因为________。根据第一段最后一句“She could not afford a present, so she sat down and cried.”可推知，她希望有更多的钱。故选D。
2. A 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：当注视着黛拉的时候，吉姆感觉怎么样？根据倒数第四段中“I sold my hair to buy you a Christmas present.”可知黛拉把自己心爱的头发卖掉给吉姆买了礼物，所以推断出吉姆感到震惊。故选A。
3. C 　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第十段中划线单词“it”指的是什么？根据上句“She smiled and held out Jim's present.”可知，此处it指的是给吉姆的礼物。根据上文可知，黛拉给吉姆准备的礼物是一条表链。故选C。
4. B 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章中我们能推断出什么？根据文章内容可知，黛拉和吉姆为了给彼此买圣诞礼物，都卖掉了自己最珍贵的东西，所以他们是深爱着彼此的。故选B。
5. B 　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？根据文章内容可知，本文主要围绕“圣诞礼物”展开叙述，黛拉和吉姆为了给彼此买圣诞礼物，都卖掉了自己最珍贵的东西。故选B。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了罗伯特和宠物蛇罗伯特在公园因为同名而发生的趣事。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当罗伯特在公园听到有人叫他名字的时候，他看到了什么？根据第一段第三句“He stopped to look around, but didn't see anything except a little snake.”可知他看到了一条小蛇。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当罗伯特看到那条蛇爬上长凳子的时候，他感觉如何？根据第二段第三句“Robert was too afraid to move away from the bench.” 可知，当罗伯特看到那条蛇爬上长凳子的时候，他感到非常害怕。故选C。
3. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么罗伯特转过身并且对那位女士说了一些话？根据第二段中“Right at this moment, a woman behind him shouted，‘Come here, Robert. You can't stay on the bench like that. People will be scared by you.'” 并分析上下文语境可知，那位女士喊了罗伯特的名字，罗伯特以为那名女士在跟他说话，因此他转身回应那位女士。故选A。
4. A　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这个故事最好的标题是什么？通读全文可知罗伯特在公园里散步的时候，遇到一条宠物蛇。而那条宠物蛇的名字恰好也叫罗伯特。所以宠物蛇的主人在喊宠物蛇名字的时候，罗伯特以为在说他，这就闹出了一些笑话，所以最适合本文的标题是Two Roberts。故选A。
话题3　人物介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。今年是著名小说家狄更斯逝世150周年，作者重点介绍了狄更斯受到读者喜爱的代表作品以及他受欢迎的原因。作者通过写这篇文章来鼓励大家阅读或重新阅读狄更斯的作品。
1. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段主要关于什么内容？根据“Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world.”和“You must have heard of or even read some of his novels...”可知第二段主要介绍了狄更斯深受读者喜爱以及他的一些著名作品。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作为一名小说家，为什么狄更斯仍然保持受欢迎？根据第三段第三句“One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart.”可知，狄更斯受欢迎的一个主要原因是他发自内心地写作。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当人们读狄更斯的小说时，他们可能________。根据第三段“In his works, he paid special attention to the ‘little man’ at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time.”可知①和②正确。根据“A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society.”可知④正确。根据“People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think.”可知③项错误。故选C。
4. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段中划线单词“inequality”是什么意思？根据“gave voice to the poor”和“Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed.”可知，狄更斯为穷人发声，读者乐于看到穷人的崛起和成功。由此猜测，他用笔抗争社会“不平等”的现象。故选A。
5. B　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：写这篇文章的目的可能是________。根据最后一段“Will you read or re­read some of his famous works？”可知，本文的写作目的是鼓励读者阅读或重新阅读狄更斯的作品。故选B。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了中国女子排球运动员朱婷出现在儿童读物《等我长大——体育英雄》一书中，讲述朱婷靠着自己的能力、勤奋练习以及拼搏的精神成为一名优秀的排球运动员。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：朱婷是一名________。根据第一段“There's a lot of good news about Chinese volleyball player Zhu Ting.”可知朱婷是中国排球运动员。故选C。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：《等我长大——体育英雄》是一本给________看的书。根据第二段第二句“At the same time, readers can find her story in a children's book When I Grow Up — Sports Heroes. ”可知《等我长大——体育英雄》是一本给孩子们看的书。故选A。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：________是中国国家女子排球队的主教练。根据第三段倒数第三句“But head coach Lang Ping trained her to jump high and spike the ball(扣球). ”可知郎平是中国国家女子排球队的总教练。故选B。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：朱婷不能快速移动因为她________。根据第三段第四句中的“the 1.98­meter­tall girl found it difficult to move quickly because she was so tall”可知因为她个子很高所以迅速移动很难。故选D。
5. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这些都是朱婷成功的原因除了________。根据第三段最后一句“After hard practice, she became a great spiker.”以及最后一段最后一句“Working hard and never giving up are the key to success.”可知朱婷成功的原因包括她的能力、勤奋练习以及拼搏的精神。故选A。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了马拉拉在塔利班控制家乡的时候，挺身而出，为女孩的教育权而战，在被塔利班枪击后飞往英国接受治疗并继续接受教育，她获得了诺贝尔和平奖，并成功毕业于牛津大学，毕业时收到了来自世界各地的祝福。
1. A 　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：马拉拉出生在哪里？根据第一段中“Malala was born in Pakistan on July 12, 1997.”可知马拉拉出生在巴基斯坦。故选A。
2. A 　【解析】 词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“silence”的意思是什么？根据划线词所在句和前一句“In 2008, she spoke out against the Taliban. The Taliban tried to silence her.”可知，她公开反对塔利班，结合下文“In 2012, Taliban fighters shot Malala on her way home from school.”讲她被塔利班击中，可推出此处是说塔利班试图压制她，silence在此处是“压制”的意思。故选A。
3. B 　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：马拉拉什么时候获得了诺贝尔和平奖？根据第二段中“She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, when she was 17. ”可知马拉拉在2014年获得了诺贝尔和平奖。故选B。
4. B 　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：马拉拉在推特上发布了多少张照片？根据第三段中“Malala posted photos of her celebration on Twitter. One showed her with her family. The other was taken after her ‘trashing'.”可知马拉拉一共在推特上发布了两张照片。故选B。
5. C 　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：我们可以从文章中知道什么？根据第四段中“One was an American astronaut Anne McClain.”可知支持她的是美国宇航员，A项错误；根据最后一段中“She has written books for both children and adults.”可知她为儿童和成人都写过书，B项错误；根据最后一段中“She also raises money through the Malala Fund. This is a nonprofit(非盈利的) group that fights for girls' education.”可知马拉拉通过马拉拉基金会为女子教育筹钱，C项正确。故选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了我国导弹之父钱学森的生平事迹，他热爱祖国、献身科学的精神值得我们永远学习。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：钱学森在哪里出生？题干的关键词是“born”，根据第一段第三句“He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on December 11, 1911.”“ 他在1911年12月11日出生于浙江杭州。”可知钱学森出生在杭州。故选B。
2. A　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：钱学森什么时候回到祖国？题干的关键词是“return to his motherland”，根据第一段第三句“He was born...on December 11, 1911.”“他出生在1911年12月11日。”以及第二段第一句“When he was 44, he returned to his motherland”“他44岁时回到祖国……”计算可知，钱学森回到祖国的时间是1955年。故选A。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，下面哪项是正确的？根据第一段第四句“After he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934...”可知，钱学森于1934年从上海交通大学毕业，而不是1933年从浙江大学毕业，所以A项错误；根据第一段第四句中“he got a chance to study in USA”可知，他得到了去美国深造的机会而不是英国，所以B项错误；根据第二段第二句“In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles.” 可知1956年，他建立了第一个火箭和导弹研究所，可知C项正确；根据最后一段第一句中“He passed away on October 31, 2009 at the age of 98”可知，他于2009年10月31日去世，而不是12月31日，所以D项错误。故选C。
4. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中划线单词“qian”的意思是什么？联系上文中的“When someone said he could make much more money if he stayed in the United States”“当有人说他留在美国可以赚更多的钱时”可知此处表示“我姓钱，但是我不喜欢钱”，所以猜测词义为“money”，故选C。
5. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最好的标题是什么？分析整篇文章可知，本文主要介绍了我国导弹之父钱学森的生平事迹，所以“钱学森——中国的导弹之父”为本文的最佳标题，故选B。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了老渔民肖柳应成立的老年人清洁护卫队对保护长江的贡献。
1. B　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：清洁队成立的时候有多少成员？由题干中“when it was formed”定位到第二段第二句“In 2019, Xiao Liuying formed the voluntary team with 12 other fishermen.”可知，肖柳应和其他12位渔民一起成立了清洁队，共13人。故选B。
2. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中划线单词“disposal”的意思是什么？根据第三段中第二句“Some of the waste they collect is sent to the disposal station, while some that can be reused is sold.”可知，本句中while意为“然而”，表示转折之意，后半句意为一些可以重复利用的物品被卖了，所以前半句指一些不能被回收利用的物品被送去了处理站，所以disposal意为“处理”。故选A。
3. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最适合的标题是什么？文章主要介绍了一支保护长江的老渔民清洁队，A、B、C三项提到的“捕鱼，垃圾，保护理由”都只是文章的部分内容，作为文章标题过于片面。故选D。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了天才少年钢琴家——贠思齐的成功之路。
1. B　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：贠思齐在________开始学习弹钢琴。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Yun Siqi from Beijing is a 19­year­old young pianist(钢琴家). He started to learn the piano at age 4 and it has been his favourite hobby since then.”可知他出生于2020－19＝2001，而他4岁时是2005年。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：贠思齐选择钢琴是因为________。根据文章第一段最后一句“‘I wanted to beat her in something and I chose the piano.' Yun said.”可知因为他想在某些方面比姐姐优秀。故选C。
3. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段主要告诉我们有关贠思齐的什么信息？通读第二段内容可知本段主要讲述的是贠思齐每天很努力练钢琴的经历。故选C。
4. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段划线单词“affect”的汉语意思可能是________。根据文章第四段最后一句“Yun said successes or failures(失败) were not important and they would not affect his understanding of music or his plan for the future.”可知，此处指成功和失败都不重要，并不会影响他对音乐的理解和他未来的计划。故选D。
5. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪一个是正确的？根据文章第四段第一、二句“Yun worked hard and soon he stood out. From 2013 to now, Yun shone at different music festivals, concerts and competitions.”可知他钢琴弹得很好。故选A。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍的是网红独臂少年张家城打篮球的成长经历。通过这个故事告诉读者，当你总是抱怨命运不公的时候，也许别人正在一步步坚定前行；每当你付出更多的时候，自然就会天道酬勤。
1. A　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：张家城什么时候残疾的？根据第二段第一句“The single­armed 13­year­old boy from Guangdong has recently become an internet sensation(引起轰动的人)．”和第四段第二句“At the age of five, Zhang lost his right arm in an accident at an oil mill. ”可以计算出是八年前张家城失去了右臂；故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据故事，正确的顺序是什么？根据故事的叙述可知，张家城开始是由于事故失去了右臂，接着学会单手穿衣，上体育课参加篮球课，接着随时随地练习打篮球，最后出名之后引起了国内外关注，故选C。
3. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从史蒂芬·库里的一席话中，我们可以推断出关于张家城的什么？根据库里的话“...you don't take ‘no’ for an answer, you find the way to go through difficult times and get out there on the basketball court(球场)．”“你不会接受‘不’的回答，你会自己寻找方法度过艰难的时刻，然后走上篮球场”。可以推断库里对张家城和命运抗争给予很高的评价。故选B。
4. C　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？根据文章开头第一段“Can a one­armed person still play basketball? You might not think so when you see Zhang Jiacheng play.”，可知作者主要想描述张家城为梦想付出的努力。故选C。
话题4　人物经历
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了艾玛生活中的一次发现与成长之旅。在这次活动中，她不仅发现了自我价值，还收获了友谊。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当艾玛到达新学校时，她感觉如何？根据题干关键词“Emma feel”定位至文章第二段第二句“But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely.”可知艾玛很孤独。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：艾玛和朱莉娅在自然中心________。根据题干关键词“the nature center”定位至第六段最后一句“Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels.”可知她们都去喂养小松鼠。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在回学校的路上，艾玛感到很高兴，因为________。根据题干关键词“Emma felt happy”定位至文章最后一段中“Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. A rush of newfound happiness washed over her.”，可知艾玛由于找到了好朋友并且获得了在自然中心工作的机会，因此很开心。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去意大利作交换生前买礼物的经历，他为老师同学们准备了中国传统的扇子作为礼物，受到老师同学们的喜爱，同时也宣扬了中国文化。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：去年作者去意大利为了________。根据第一段第一句“Last year, I went to Italy as an exchange student.”可知作者去意大利学习。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者买的折扇制造于________。根据第二段中“I picked the folding fans from Rongchang”可知作者买的折扇源于荣昌。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，作者给女孩们的扇子像图片________。根据第二段第四、五句“The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans. They were also called ‘round silk fans'.”可知这种丝绸扇子是圆形的。故选C。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者用一种________语气写这篇文章。根据第一段中“Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice, for China is praised as ‘the Fan Kingdom’. I couldn't agree more, ...It's also an important part of Chinese culture.”可知这些扇子是中国传统文化的重要部分，作者送给他人也是传播中国文化的方式。所以作者写这篇文章时应是很自豪。故选D。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了外向的Frank和内向的Jack这对兄弟有不同的兴趣爱好。Frank认为运动可以让很多孩子一起玩，不理解Jack为什么喜欢艺术创作。Jack创新性地策划了一个沙堡日，最终这个策划效果特别好，Frank理解了Jack的爱好，并且加入创作。
1. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“hatched”的中文意思可能是什么？根据第二段第二句“He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together.”和第二段最后一句“He would show Frank what doing things together looked like！”可知，Frank认为体育运动经常让许多孩子一起玩，而Jack会向弗兰克展示一起做事情的样子。由此可以推知，划线单词所在句子是指Jack产生了一个新的想法。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：什么帮助人们了解了Jack的计划？根据第三段最后一句“He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry—all ages welcome.”可知，Jack在镇上到处挂着他的海报，宣布了他的沙堡艺术日计划——欢迎所有年龄段的人参与。由此可知，Jack通过彩色海报让大家知道了他的计划。故选B。
3. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：当了解Jack的计划时，Frank是________。根据第四段第一句“When Frank saw a poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come.”可知，当Frank看到一张海报时，他不太客气地告诉Jack没人会来。由此可知，Frank认为Jack的计划不太可行，很怀疑。故选A。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：关于杰克的计划我们能知道些什么？根据第五段最后两句“At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.”可知，大家玩得很开心，参与很多，由此可知Jack的策划效果很好。故选D。
5. B 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：以下哪项最适合描述Jack？根据最后一段第二句“‘You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition！’”可知，Frank建议Jack应该让沙堡日成为一年一度的传统。由此可以推断出Jack的计划很受欢迎。“应该成为传统”说明之前没有出现过，因此可知具有创新性。故选B。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Richard Sears对古汉字的研究及他的网站的发展，他是为了让更多的人了解古汉字。
1. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第一段“Drawn to the ancient language”是什么意思？根据前一句“...began learning Chinese because of his interest in traditional Chinese culture.”可推知Sears对汉字很感兴趣。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：汉字字源网站在________上线。根据第二段前三句“In 1994，Richard Sears decided to put the ancient Chinese characters online. Then, in 2002, he did it. That is the beginning of the Chinese Etymology(汉字字源) website.”可知答案。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Sears在汉字字源网站上放了什么？根据第二段倒数第二句“He has put more than 96，000 ancient Chinese characters onto the website.”可知答案。故选B。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章来看，我们可以推断出Sears创建网站的目的是________。根据第二段最后一句“‘When I study each character, I wonder what the ancient Chinese thought，'said sears.”可推知他是为了让更多的人了解中国古代的汉字。故选D。
5. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最好的标题可能是________。根据全文内容主要介绍了Richard Sears对古汉字的研究及他的网站的发展。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者Emily讲述了自己做临时演员时的一些真实情况及感悟。
1. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：Emily给出标准答案是因为________。根据第一段中的“they always ask me the same questions: Emily, is it easy to get work? Isn't it boring? Do you get to meet famous actors? Does it pay well？” 他们总是问我同样的问题： Emily，找工作容易吗？是不是很无聊？你能见到著名的演员吗？薪水高吗？以及“My answers are pretty standard as well: Yes, sometimes, once in a while, and... kind of.” 可推知，人们总是问作者同样的问题，所以作者感觉没有必要总是去解释，因此就给出了标准的回答，故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Emily 如何看待她的工作？根据第一段最后一句“The life of an extra is both more interesting and more boring than you might imagine.”以及第四段第一句“It may sound like I don't enjoy the work, but I do.”可知，Emily觉得她的工作很有趣，她很喜欢。故选B。
3. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：在第23行，另一种说“as a bonus”的方式是________。根据最后一段中“As for the money, it's nothing compared to what the big actors make, but it pretty much pays the bills.”“至于钱，与大演员的收入相比，这算不了什么，但它完全可以支付账单。”以及下文中“I've beaten my high scores on all my phone games, thanks to all the time I spend sitting around, waiting for something to happen.” 可知这里as a bonus意思是说“额外的红利、额外令人高兴的事情”，结合选项，可知A选项above expectation“超出预期”与之意思相近。故选A。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，________。通读全文可知，本文作者Emily讲述了自己做临时演员的一些真实情况及感悟。结合选项，可知C选项“Emily讲述了做电影和电视临时演员的真相。”符合题意。故选C。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以推断出Emily________。根据第二段最后一句“Call time is usually bright and early, so I try to get to bed at a reasonable hour.”“打电话的时间通常是大清早，所以我尽量在合理的时间上床睡觉。”可以推知，Emily有时不得不起得很早，所以B选项符合题意。故选B。
话题5　学生学习与生活
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了西蒙平素不爱听课，课上总是喜欢跟别人讲话，尽管老师已多次提醒，但他依旧我行我素。在一次失声之后，百般无聊之际，西蒙试着去听课，结果却改变了他以后的学习状态。文章告诉了我们人生的改变就在不经意间的道理。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：雅各布斯老师想让西蒙在课堂上做什么？根据题干中的“Mrs. Jacobs want Simon”可将答案定位至第一段中的“‘Are you listening, Simon？' Simon's teacher asked.”及第三段中的“‘Listen, and you'll learn something.' Mrs. Jacobs tried every day...”。根据这两个部分中的“listening”和“Listen”可知，雅各布斯老师想让西蒙在课堂上听讲。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：那天西蒙出了什么问题？根据第四段的内容“That evening, his throat really hurt. The next morning, when he opened his mouth to say ‘Good morning', nothing came out but a croak.”可知，前一天晚上西蒙的喉咙很痛。第二天早上(事情发生的那天早上)，西蒙说不出话来了。由此可知，那天西蒙失声了。故选C。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么几乎每个人都看着西蒙？根据前文内容及第九段中的“He never stops talking”可知，西蒙说话总是没完没了。再分析第七段中的“almost everyone was looking at him”及前面的内容可知，那天，当西蒙到达学校时，无论是老师还是朋友跟他打招呼或者交流时，他都没有说话，而是以动作示意的方式回应。这与他平时的表现很不一样，故而引起了大家对他的关注。由此可知，几乎每个人都看着西蒙是因为他没和任何人讲话。故选C。
4. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：西蒙那天晚上为什么会做作业？根据倒数第四段最后一句“He decided to try to pay attention.”可知，那天西蒙在课堂上很专心。由此推知，他那天会做作业。故选B。
5. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？文章一开始便以老师的提醒“好好听课”展开叙述，紧接着通过描述西蒙暂时失声不能说话而不得不通过“听课”来打发无聊，使得西蒙“听”和“讲”的行为发生了改变，最后，讲述了经此事件后，西蒙改变了，上课认真“听课”。文章多次出现对listen这一行为的描述，文首的“Are you listening, Simon？”和文尾的“but he listened and raised his hand to speak”形成首尾呼应，故B项“Are you listening？”更适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了原本害怕失败的丹在朋友们的鼓励和帮助下，他认为在电视上说唱没有那么难，也许他将来会参加全国说唱比赛。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：丹的同学在见到他之前是怎么知道他在大厅里的？根据第一段第二句“Her raps(说唱) when he passes in the hall.”可知，丹路过大厅的时候说唱。故选A。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么丹不想在电视上说唱？根据倒数第二段倒数第三句“Anyway, who wanted to lose？”可知，丹害怕失败才不愿意在电视上说唱。故选B。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据故事，你认为后来发生了什么？根据第四段开头“Miss Mills said, ‘Dan did win! His next step is to rap on National Rap Star on TV.’”，并结合下文丹思考“在电视上说唱也许并没有那么难。”猜测可知，丹后来会参加全国比赛。故选C。
话题6　抗击疫情
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。常言道“时势造英雄”，而在“非典”和“新冠肺炎”疫情期间勇敢地奔赴疫区的钟南山教授就是一位令人尊敬的英雄医生。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：钟南山是做什么的？根据第二段第二句话“He is a doctor in Guangdong.”可知钟南山是广东的一名医生。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇文章中，我们知道钟南山是一个________人。 根据第二段第六句话“But Zhong was brave enough to fight the disease.”可知钟南山是一个勇敢的人。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：钟南山给出了以下建议，除了________。根据文章第二段最后一句话“Zhong advised people to wear masks, wash hands frequently(频繁地), stay at home and not to go to crowded places.”可知钟南山建议人们不要去人多的地方。故选C。
4. C　【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：根据文章，划线的句子“A_hero_is_known_in_the_time_of_misfortune.”可能意思是________。通过阅读短文，可知是指在困难的时候才会明白谁是英雄，即“时势造英雄”。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。病毒蔓延全球，人们被隔离在家。在爱尔兰首都都柏林，每天太阳落山后，Ruth 就隔着窗户和邻居们聊天并且为他们拍照，为的是在特殊时期让他们不感到孤单。后来越来越多的人参与了她的照片项目，并且为其取名为Love at Home。 她希望通过这些照片让人们可以珍惜和家人朋友在一起的时光，而不是被疫情吓倒。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： Ruth开始拍照片是为了________。根据第三段第一、二句“I started out taking photos of just friends and family. In this way, I could connect with them ...”可知Ruth开始拍照片是为了联络朋友和家人。故选B。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，Love at Home是________的名字。根据倒数第三段“She said more and more neighbours are joining in her photo project and it has now got a name, Love at Home.”可知Love at Home是一个照片项目的名字。故选A。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为： 根据Ruth在第八段所说的话，“the more human view”展示 ________。根据倒数第二段并结合最后一句“Instead of showing what the pandemic has taken from us, it shows that it has given us more chances to be with family and friends and spend time together.”可推出展示出家人和朋友在一起的时刻。故选C。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：通过文章我们可以推断Ruth是一个________人。通过Ruth的所作所为，我们可知Ruth是一个热心的、有爱心的人。故选D。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了三个女孩在疫情期间想出了一个好主意：在街上设置了街头储藏柜，让社区的人们可以留下一些生活必需品给他人用，或者自己也可以从里面拿一些自己需要的物品，她们通过把信息通知放进邻居们的邮箱来倡议他们捐赠，并将收到的捐赠物品进行消毒等一系列活动，展现了“疫情无情，人有爱”的暖心场面。
1. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段主要谈论了________。通读第二段结合最后一句话“Take what you need and leave what you can.”可知本段主要讲述了设立储藏柜的目的。故选C。
2. D　【解析】文章排序题。题干意为：根据短文，把下列句子排列成正确的顺序。通读全文可知，正确的顺序是：这三个女孩想出了一个好主意→这三个女孩在戈麦斯父亲的帮助下制作了祈福盒→这三个女孩把信息通知放进了邻居的邮箱→三名女孩收到捐赠物后对其进行消毒。故选D。
3. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：几乎没有人马上取走他们需要的一切东西是因为________。根据倒数第二段最后一句话“They think there are other people who need them more.”可知B符合题意。故选B。
4. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的题目可能是________。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个女孩在疫情期间想出了一个在街上放储藏柜的好主意来帮助社区的人们获得所需的生活用品，展现了“疫情无情，人有爱”的暖心场面。故选D。
分点训练二　说明文
话题1　说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种体育运动项目：Cycleball、Gilli­danda和Octopush。
1. B　【解析】图片排序题。题干意为：根据文章，图片的正确顺序是哪一项？根据第一段第一句“This sport is like football on bikes.”可知描述的是图片c；根据第二段第二句“The players use two things: one long stick, called a danda and a short egg­shaped bat, called a gilli.”可知描述的是图片b；根据第三段第四句“Players swim underwater to play this game.”可知描述的是图片a。故选B。
2. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能来自杂志的哪一部分？文章主要介绍了三种体育运动，因此这篇文章可能来自于杂志的体育运动部分。故选D。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这些运动有什么共同点？通读全文可知，每个运动项目都有两个队，因此D项描述符合题意。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家克里斯托展示的新艺术雕塑。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于这个艺术品我们可以知道什么？根据第二段第一句“Everyone who looks at it will see something different.”可知，不同的人把它看作不同的东西。故选D。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：以下哪一项最适合__2__？根据第二段的主要内容可知，有人认为这是一个反对污染的声明，但是也有人持有不同观点，所以应用问号结尾。故选B。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：以下哪个词最能描述The London Mastaba？根据最后一段的小标题和第二句“It's very modern, but this place is nature and historical.”可知，这个作品很神秘，让人捉摸不透。故选D。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：艺术家的真正目的最有可能是什么？根据第二段最后两句“There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.”可知，艺术家的真正目的是为了让人们去发现和思考。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍俄罗斯传统民族乐器balalaika的特点、发展历程以及俄罗斯人喜欢它的原因。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：俄式三弦琴是一种________乐器。根据文中第一段第二句“It has a long neck, a wooden triangle­shaped body and strings.”可知三弦琴有长长的琴颈，木制的三角形的琴身以及弦。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：用俄式三弦琴演奏的音乐通常是________。根据文中第二段第二句“The music played with it can be cheerful，...”和第三句“It can also be energetic，...”可知用俄式三弦琴演奏的音乐通常是欢快且充满活力的。故选D。
3. D 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：文章第三段提到安德列夫是为了介绍________。通读第三段可知安德列夫改造了俄式三弦琴，统一了琴弦的数量，成立了世界上第一个俄式三弦琴管弦乐队，开办了音乐会获得了巨大的成功，这些都是他为俄式三弦琴所做的贡献。故选D。
4. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下面哪个可能是这篇文章的最佳标题？ 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了俄罗斯传统民族乐器俄式三弦琴的特点、发展历程以及俄罗斯人喜欢它的原因。故选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍两本关于中国新年的书籍。
1. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“Happy，Happy Chinese New Year”是什么？根据第一段第一句“In a book that is itself a celebration...”可知“Happy, Happy Chinese New Year” 是一本书。故选A。
2. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在新年之前中国人通常做什么？根据第一段第二句“The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing (Wash your hair and get a new haircut...)．”可知旧年的最后15天(即新年前)是用来打扫和为新年做准备的。故选B。
3. A 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：谁最有可能读Demi的书？根据第二段内容可知，Demi一直以来对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，为此她创作了很多书籍。她已经为儿童们写了将近20多本书，所以，来自西方的儿童可能对她的书最感兴趣。故选A。
4. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在读完“Chinese New Year for Kids”之后，读者们最可能会做什么？根据第三段最后一句“Children will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragon dances, lion dances, art projects and Chinese games.”可知，读完“Chinese New Year for Kids”之后，读者将会享受中国新年团聚的理念、舞龙、舞狮、艺术活动和中国游戏。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物对人类的重要性。植物有减少污染、绿化环境、促进水循环的作用，植物还可以用作人们的食物。本文还且介绍了树的重要性。
1. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：________是我们呼吸的空气中的一部分。根据第二段最后一句“Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.”可知，氧气是我们呼吸的空气中的一个组成部分。故选D。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：一株植物吸收的大部分水分会发生什么？根据第三段第二句“Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.”可知，植物吸收的大部分水会回到空气中。故选A。
3. C 　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第五段中的短语“cut down on”是什么意思？根据黑体单词所在句中“...because big trucks don't need to take your food to shops.”可知，大卡车不用把你的食物带到商店，所以减少了污染，“cut down on”意为“减少”。故选C。
4. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是植物的作用。故选B。
5. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你将会在________找到这篇文章。阅读短文可知，本文主要讲述的是大自然中植物的作用。故选D。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊河之所以强大的原因以及一些事实。
1. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：读了这篇文章之后，似乎很明显________。根据文章第二、三段内容可知，在亚马逊河上航行需要了解它的水流。故选C。
2. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者通过________，帮助你了解亚马逊河的长度。根据第一段最后一句“It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Francisco.”可知作者通过把它和从纽约到旧金山的路作比较来帮助读者了解亚马逊河的长度，也就是陆地上的距离。故选B。
3. A 　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：在第四段中，“sharp”的中文意思是“________”。根据第四段前五句“What's the most bloodthirsty fish in the world? No. It's not the shark. It's the Amazon's piranha. It is only about 10 cm to 20 cm long.”可知，此处说的是亚马逊的食人鱼，有锋利的牙齿。故选A。
4. C 　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要告诉我们________。根据全文内容及第三段第一句“Here are a few more facts.”可知文章主要讲述了一些关于亚马逊河的事实。故选C。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍海洋的运动变化，以及海洋可以给人们提供的资源。
1. A　【解析】 段落大意题。题干意为：文章第一段主要讲了什么？根据第一段中“What covers three­fourths of the Earth's surface? It's the water that makes up the Earth's four oceans. They are the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic.”可知第一段主要介绍的是地球四大洋的水覆盖了地球表面的四分之三。故选A。
2. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“constant”的汉语意思可能是“________”。根据第二段第二句“...it is never still(平静的)．”可知海洋一直在运动，一点也不平静，因此constant的意思是“连续的”。故选B。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，下面哪项是表述是正确的？根据第三段最后一句“In areas close to land, warm ocean currents make the air warmer; cold ocean currents make it colder”可知A选项 “always colder”表述错误；根据第五段最后一句“Children who live near the ocean often like to swim in the waves...” 可知B选项“Everyone...loves to swim”表述错误；根据第一段最后一句“The Arctic is the smallest...” 可知C选项“bigger than the Atlantic Ocean”表述错误；根据第五段第一句“The ocean provides people with many resources.” 可知D选项表述正确。故选D。
4. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下列哪项最适合作这篇文章的标题？文章主要讲述的是海洋的运动。因此标题可概括为Ocean on the Move。故选C。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了武汉的吉庆街。这里有许多当地特色美食的小摊。人们可以在这里品尝美食，享受生活。武汉在4月8日解封以后，人们在这里排队享受特色美食。吉庆街忙碌起来了，代表着武汉再次充满生机。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：吉庆街是一个________的好地方。根据第一段第一句 “Jiqing Street in Wuhan is a good place to try local food...”可知吉庆街是一个品尝当地美食的好地方。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，池莉在她的小说《生活秀》里面提到了________ 。根据第二段第四句“Chi Li, a popular writer, tells a love story of a beautiful lady who sells duck necks in this street in her novel Life Show.” 可知池莉在她的小说《生活秀》里提到了鸭脖。故选D。
3. C　【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：你如何理解最后一段划线部分“the city began to breathe again”？根据前一句“with the street becoming busy”可知当吉庆街忙碌起来的时候，就代表这个城市也充满生机与活力。故选C。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这段材料可能来自________ 。结合全文可知文章主要介绍了武汉吉庆街，由此可以推断这篇文章可能来自旅游网站。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是莎士比亚环球剧场。文章对这个剧场的首次建造时间以及历次翻修进行了简单介绍，同时介绍了世界上最著名的戏剧作家之一威廉·莎士比亚，他写了大约38部戏剧。直到今天，他的许多戏剧每天都在那里上演。
1. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第二个环球剧院是什么时候建造的？根据第二段第四、五句“However, in 1613, a fire broke out during a performance.The theatre was destroyed(毁坏), but the second was built the following year.”可以推断第二个剧场是在1614年修建的。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第二段，我们对莎士比亚有什么了解？根据第二段中“To this day, his many plays are performed there daily.”可知B项表述符合文章内容。故选B。
3. A　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：最后一段主要告诉我们什么？根据第三段内容可知主要介绍的是剧院的内部结构。故选A。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列关于现代环球剧院的说法哪一项是正确的？根据第一段例数第二、三句“You will also see a strange round building. It looks very old and very different from all the others.”可知B项表述和文章内容相符。故选B。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了莫诺威这个地方的兴衰。Elsie Eiler生活在莫诺威，做很多不同类型的工作，莫诺威由于不能和别的工业化农场竞争，慢慢衰败，人们离开了这个地方，只有Elsie Eiler自己生活在这里，但她对这种生活很满足。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：第一段主要告诉我们关于Elsie Eiler的什么？根据第一段主要内容可知，主要介绍了Elsie Eiler是莫诺威小镇上仅剩的唯一居民。故选A。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在20世纪30年代，大部分________和他们的家人住在莫诺威。根据文章第三段第二句“Then, the population was 150, and was made up of mostly farmers and their families.”可知，在20世纪30年代，大部分农民和他们的家人住在莫诺威。故选D。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文章讲述了关于莫诺威的情况除了________。根据第二段主要内容可知，文章告诉我们莫诺威的样子；由第三段第五句“In 1971, the railway closed and the town began to die.”及第三段倒数第二句“Three years ago, the last people that lived there, except Elsie's family, moved away.”可知，莫诺威有火车，并且描述了人们离开这里的原因，文章并没有提到人们第一次居住在这里的时间。故选C。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下面哪个会被填到最后一段的空白处？根据最后一段主要内容可知，Elsie自己居住在这里，但并不孤独。故选D。
Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Nejat发明的机器人能够帮助那些患有老年痴呆的老年人。然而有人担心她的机器人会减少人们之间的互动，减少工作机会。科学家们也致力于理解人类和机器人的关系，值得肯定的是：机器人可以为人类提供帮助，这个需求在未来会增加。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。句意：Nejat的机器人被设计用来________。根据第二段第一句“Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care­giving for the old.”可知Nejat的机器人被设计用来照顾老人。故选C。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。句意：作者通过________开始这篇文章。根据第一段“When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005... ‘But now, it's different，' says Nejat. ‘People calling...’”可知Nejat的机器人在两个时期受到两种不同的待遇，作者通过比较这两个事实来展开文章。故选B。
3. A　【解析】段落大意题。句意：第三段的中心思想是________。根据第三段内容可知主要介绍了机器人的用途。故选A。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。句意：根据Scassellati的话，我们可以推断出Nejat的机器人________。根据最后一段中的“Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future.”可知这个需求在未来会增加，由此可推断Nejat的机器人应该被大量生产。故选C。
Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电动车辆的一些具体情况，包括它的优点和存在的一些问题及解决措施。
1. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据第一段，下列哪项可以正确描述电动车辆？根据第一段第二句“But they have really been liked by a large number of people over the last ten years.”可推知电动车辆很受欢迎。故选B。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：上面的图片说明了什么？根据图片标注的内容可知图片介绍了电动车辆的组成部分。故选A。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第三段，电动车辆公司打算如何发电？根据第三段标题和最后一句“They plan to make electricity using a greenhouse gas from cow poop.”可知电动车辆公司通过使用来自牛粪的气体来发电。故选C。
4. D　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：最后一段主要是关于什么的？ 通读最后一段可知本段主要讲了电动车辆存在的一些问题以及可以采用的优化措施。故选D。
Passage 13
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是学校停课和公共活动的限制，年轻人不能和家人及朋友面对面交流。面对此种情况，科技展现出其极大的魅力，人们开始利用技术与亲朋好友保持联系，例如通过视频电话、群聊及网络游戏等相互联系。专家认为，这些方式对孩子们的健康成长很有帮助。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，当年轻人不能和朋友待在一起的时候，他们会________。根据文中第一段“With schools closed and restrictions(限制) on public activities, it can be a difficult time for young people, who suddenly can't spend time with their friends and family in person.”可知当年轻人不能和朋友待在一起的时候会经历一段艰难的时光。故选C。
2. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：下划线单词“maintaining”的意思可能是“________”。根据第三段第一句“Keeping relationships is very important for health”可知该词意为“保持”。故选D。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章提到了以下几种保持联系的方法，除了________。根据文中第二段第一句“However, the situation has already led to some creative ways of using technology to keep in touch with those people, from video calls and group chats(聊天) to online games.”和倒数第二段第一、二句“Sharna Jackson, an expert on young people and...suggests taking turns to teach friends something you're really good at—such as painting and drawing, perhaps.”可知只有共同制作在线视频没有提及。故选C。
4. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？根据文章内容可知文章主要介绍的是虽然由于社交限制人们无法面对面地沟通交流，但是却可以通过科技用新型的沟通方式来保持联系。故选B。
Passage 14
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了5G网络的优点，以及5G的到来将给人们带来更加便捷的生活。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：使用5G下载一部2个小时的电影可能需要花费多长时间？根据第二段最后一句“One can download a two­hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds...”可知答案。故选B。
2. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“remotely”的汉语意思是“________”。根据第五段最后一句“It means caring for patients from far away.”可知remotely指的是“远程地”。故选C。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从最后一段，我们可以知道________。根据最后一段第二至四句“Just as in the early days... The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore.”可推知在5G科技的帮助下，我们的很多梦想终有一天将会实现。故选C。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：5G将会让以下几样事物越来越流行除了________。根据第三段“5G is just what makes self­driving cars achieve this.”及“Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet or place orders for food and drinks.”以及第四段第一句“5G will be a big help for students who take online classes.”可知A、B、C三项都会越来越流行。故选D。
5. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于5G，________在文中没有被提及。根据第二段“5G means super­fast data(数据)speed.”可知B项正确；根据第二段“It is a new network(网络) after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G and it can connect everyone and everything together.”可知C项正确；根据第二段“...and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知D项正确。故选A。
话题2　文化类介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的五禽戏。五禽戏对不同的身体部位有不同的作用，对于初学者来说练习五禽戏比较难，需要注意力集中，并且心平气和。五禽戏不需要任何工具，人们可以通过在网上观看视频进行学习，现在五禽戏越来越受世界各地人们的欢迎。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。句意：人们练习五禽戏是为了________。根据第三段“The Five­Animal Exercises are well­designed to...let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve health”可知五禽戏能够帮助血液循环，让能量在身体中平稳流动，以此来改善健康。故选C。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。句意：如果你的爷爷背痛，________会很好地帮助他。根据第四段第二句“The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back.”可知老虎戏可以帮助缓解背部的疼痛。故选D。
3. B　【解析】词义猜测题。句意：第五段划线单词“harmonious”的意思可能是“________”。根据下句“You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer, walking in the forest freely.”可知你会感觉自己变成一只老虎或小鹿，在森林中自由漫步，即帮助人们很好地融入自然，感受自然，故此处表示“和谐的”。故选B。
4. A 　【解析】文章结构题。句意：文章的结构可能是________。第一、二段主要介绍五禽戏的由来；第三、四段主要介绍五禽戏对身体的好处，每个戏对人体的不同部位的好处；第五、六段主要介绍如何去练习五禽戏以及五禽戏广受中外欢迎。故选A。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了京剧的历史、艺术形式等，并举例说明了人们对它的喜爱之情。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：京剧是________。从文章第一段“Beijing Opera is one of the Chinese traditional drama art forms and the largest Chinese opera form.”可知C项错误，D项正确；从“...it is developed from many other drama forms, mostly from the local drama ‘Huiban’．”可知B项错误；A项文中并未提及， 故选D。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在第一次看完京剧后，这个游客会感到________。从文章第四段“You will doubt and sometimes be a little bored, but you will be interested gradually. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera, even if you know nothing about the drama background.”可知，游客对京剧从最开始感到有点儿无聊再到逐渐地感兴趣，最后被深深地吸引，故选C。
3. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：最后一段中划线单词“it”的意思是________。从划线词所在句“Beijing Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions.”可知此处it代指上文提到的Beijing Opera，故选A。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，下面哪一项陈述不是正确的？由文章第二段“...Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment.”可知A项正确；由文章第二段“An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage...”可知B项正确；由文章第三段“Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers of all, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners...”可知D项正确；C项文中并未提及，故选C。
5. B　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要的写作目的是要去________。文章从京剧的历史、艺术形式以及深受外国游客喜爱等方面向我们介绍了京剧，B项最为贴近本文的写作目的，故选B。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述清明节时人们制作青团的习俗，用吃青团来标志春天的开始。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：清明节在________。根据第一段第一句“Weeks before Tomb­Sweeping Day on April 4 this year, hundreds of qingtuan were sold each day.”以及第二段第一句“In the southern part of China, eating qingtuan at the beginning of spring is a kind of tradition.”可知清明节在四月，在春天。故选A。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当看到青团时你的嘴里流口水是因为________。根据第二段第四句“The secret behind its mouth­watering taste is one of its materials—mugwort leaves(艾蒿叶). ”可知让人流口水的原因是艾蒿叶。故选D。
3. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中的划线词“cherish”的意思可能是________。根据“put qingtuan on the tombs of their dead family members”以及“the past memory”可知在死者坟墓上放青团是为了怀念过去，cherish表达“怀念”的意思。故选B。
4. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以得知李源________。根据第四段第二句“Li Yuan, a 30­year­old engineer who grew up in Zhejiang Province, brought qingtuan back to Beijing where he works.”可知李源是一名工程师，在浙江长大，在北京工作。故选C。
5. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？根据第二段第一句中“eating qingtuan at the beginning of spring is a kind of tradition”可知，文章主要讲述清明节时人们制作青团的习俗，用吃青团来标志春天的开始。故选D。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的“龙抬头”节日，包括它的时间、意义、习俗等。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，龙带来了什么？根据第一段中“The dragon is a great animal in Chinese culture. It brings the wind and rain.”可知龙能带来风和雨。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：每年的“龙抬头”是什么时候？根据第一段中“It is said that every year on the second day of the second lunar(阴历) month, the dragon wakes up from its winter sleep and raises its head. Because of this, the day is called ‘Dragon Heads­raising Day' (Longtaitou)．”可知“龙抬头”是每年农历的二月初二。故选C。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：老人们相信“龙抬头”是________的开始。根据第二段中“Old people believed ... So Longtaitou was the start of spring and farming.”可知老人们相信“龙抬头”是春天和农耕的开始。故选A。
4. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么很多人要在“龙抬头”那天剪头发？根据第三段中“They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.”可知人们在“龙抬头”这一天剪头发是希望远离厄运。故选C。
5. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“龙抬头”那天的面条被叫做________。根据最后一段中“Noodles are called dragon's beard (longxu)．”可知“龙抬头”那天的面条被叫做龙须。故选B。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了汉服的发展与变化，以及汉服是传统文化的一部分，也得到了政府的鼓励和人们的喜爱。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章谈论的是什么衣服？根据第三段最后一句“They all have large soft robes(袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.”可知，汉服有很大的袍子，并且袖子可以垂到膝盖上，手也不能被看到。故选A。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：汉服越来越受欢迎是因为________。根据第二段第一句“As the government encourages the renaissance(复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers.”可知，汉服流行的原因是政府鼓励传统文化的复兴。故选D。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在在中国谁是汉服爱好者？根据第四段“In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.”可知，汉服的爱好者从历史粉丝、卡通粉丝到服装粉丝。故选D。
4. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“sleeves”的意思是什么？根据第三段最后一句“They all have large soft robes(袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.”可以推断，手看不见是因为“衣袖”遮住了。故选B。
5. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：据张军所说，他认为________。根据第五段最后一句“If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture？”可推知，他认为衣服帮助我们更好地了解我们的文化。故选C。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了老子的著作《道德经》中的道和德所传递的思想，它们引导人们做人和做事。文章告诉我们应该树立对于中国传统文化的文化自信。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据《道德经》，哪一张图片显示的是打破自然规则的态度？根据文中第四段第三句“Birds fly in the sky; Tigers live in the forest; Fish swim in the water; Flowers bloom and flowers fall.”可知《道德经》中告诉大家要遵循自然规律，鸟在天上飞；老虎在森林里居住；鱼在水里游；花开花谢。由此可知B项图片打破了自然的规则。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么老子认为伟大的美德像水？根据文中第六段最后一句“Water is a typical(典型的) example of the weak beating the strong.”可知老子认为水是弱击败强的一个典型例子。故选C。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：《道德经》告诉我们什么？根据文中第五段第二句“What he meant is that human should follow the way of nature and try not to break the rule of nature.”和第六段第二句“Lao Zi thought the great virtue is like water.”可知《道德经》告诉我们要遵循自然的规则并拥有伟大的美德。故选A。
4. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在文中作者想要表达的感受是什么？根据文中第七段最后一句“It is becoming more and more popular with people around the world.”可知《道德经》在全世界正变得越来越受人们的欢迎，由此推测出作者对中国的传统文化感到非常骄傲。故选B。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及它所代表的文化。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。句意：在商朝，扇子是由不同的材料制作成的除了________。根据第二段“At that time, they were made of feathers, bamboo or silk.”可知扇子用羽毛、竹子或者丝绸做成，不包括纸张。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。句意：折扇什么时候首次开始流行的？根据第三段第一句“Folding paper fans first became popular during the Song Dynasty.”可知折扇在宋代开始变得流行。故选B。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。句意：在宋朝，人们在扇子上不能看到什么？根据第三段第二、三句“There were usually beautiful pictures on the fans. Some were mountains and rivers, others were flowers and animals.”可知扇子上能看到山、河流、花和动物，不包括观众。故选D。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。句意：根据这篇文章下列哪项是正确的？根据第二段最后一句“Some of them were round, while others were square.” 可知C选项表述正确。故选C。
5. A　【解析】标题归纳题。句意：文章最好的标题是什么？通读文章可知主要介绍了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及文化。故选A。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们通过语言表达自己的想法，英语中常用习语，不同的语言有不同的习语表达，通常比喻修辞在习语中运用颇多。习语运用不当也会造成歧义，因此想要正确运用习语，文化了解和查阅习语字典至关重要。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章告诉我们一些关于英语________的事情。根据第一段第三句“One of the ways in common is the use of idioms.”和第一段的主要内容可知，本文主要介绍英语中的习语。故选D。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你哥哥/弟弟弄坏了你的电脑，你可以对他说“________”。根据题干中表述如果电脑被弄坏，可以推断出是感到非常生气的。根据文章第四段第二句“Yet...is not difficult to work out the unhappy feelings of really angry in the first example... ”可知，第一个习语“makes my blood boil”表示非常生气。故选C。
3. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：当你遇到像under the weather这样的表达时，作者有什么建议？根据最后一段第二句“When we come to idioms of a foreign language, a good dictionary of idioms is always suggested.”可知，我们遇到外语中的习语时，一本好的习语词典是值得推荐的。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了各国不同的茶文化。
1. C 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：茶有着悠久的历史，茶首先出现在________。根据第三段第一句“The history of tea begins in Asia.”可知，它首先出现在亚洲。故选C。
2. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者在文章末尾用标点符号“...”是为了________。结合全文可知文章最后一段只列举了英国人如何喝茶，在列举日本人如何喝茶时用了省略号，是为了吸引读者进行更多的阅读。故选C。
3. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是什么？通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了各国不同的茶文化。故选D。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是汉语在也门这个国家越来越得到重视，学生们在这里像学习数学和科学科目一样积极地学习汉语。曾在中国学习汉语并获得大学学位的老师Mohammed al­Ansi希望也门和中国共同努力，在也门建立汉语教学中心和学校，让更多的也门年轻人学习汉语。许多也门人认为，学习一门外语可能为新生活打开一条希望之路。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章告诉我们Mohammed al­Ansi________。根据第三段第一句话“Teacher Mohammed al­Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received a university degree, stressed(强调)the importance of learning the Chinese language.”可知他认为学习汉语很重要。故选C。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在语言示范学校，学生们________。根据第四段开头“Like many other private elementary and secondary schools in Yemen, the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School's courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects.”可知在语言示范学校，学生们学习汉语很积极。故选D。
3. B　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第五段主要是关于________。根据该段的开头“Al­Ansi expects that...”可知此处主要叙述他的希望。故选B。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中可以得知________。根据最后一段第一句“Many Yemenis see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life...”可以推断许多也门年轻人为了更好的未来而学习汉语。故选A。
话题3　动植物介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种动物的迁徙，包括原因、时间和距离等相关信息。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，北美帝王蝶迁徙是为了________。根据第四段第二句“...millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico, California and Florida, where it's warmer.”可知北美数百万只帝王蝶南飞是因为冬季南方更暖和。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：成年鲑鱼游回河里是因为________。根据第五段倒数第二至四句“Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river.”可知成年鲑鱼游回出生地是因为他们在河中产卵而且河中对他们的卵更安全。故选B。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：有关动物迁徙，下面哪一项是正确的？根据第二段“In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras...They usually follow the same ways every year.”可知，每年非洲象都以相同的方式迁徙。故选A。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：最后一段中北极燕鸥的例子主要被用来表明________。根据最后一段第一句“Arctic terns(北极燕鸥) travel the furthest when they migrate.”和倒数第二句“In one year these small birds travel 36，000 km from one end of the earth to the other and back again.”可知，本段主要围绕北极燕鸥的迁徙距离远展开描述。故选A。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西红柿的不同颜色、发展过程、种植方式以及食用方法。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，我们知道西红柿________。根据文中第二段第一、二句“Not all tomatoes are red. They can be yellow, orange, pink, or white.”可知西红柿拥有不同的颜色。故选A。
2. C 　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第三段划线词组“some_of_them”指代________。根据划线词组前两句“In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty. Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick.”可知划线词组指代的是一些法国人。故选C。
3. C　【解析】文章结构题。题干意为：以下哪一项最好地展示了文章的结构？通读全文，文章第一段引出主题西红柿，第二段到第五段分别介绍了西红柿的颜色、发展史、种植方式和食用方法，由此可知文章是总—分结构，结合选项可知C项最符合文章结构。故选C。
4. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下列哪一项是文章最好的标题？ 通读全文可知文章主要介绍了西红柿的颜色分类、发展史、种植方式和食用方法。故选B。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是墨西哥的诺帕里斯公司如何利用仙人掌为世界提供一种新型的可持续燃料。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：仙人掌如何帮助世界？根据文章第一段前两句话“How can cactus(仙人掌) help the world？It can provide a new kind of sustainable fuel(可持续燃料)．”可知仙人掌通过提供可持续燃料帮助世界。故选B。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么索萨用仙人掌气来为他的工厂供电？根据第一段第四句话“The idea came to Sosa in Nopalimex when he was looking for ways to save money for his food factory.”可知他为了给食品工厂省钱，想出了这个办法。故选A。
3. C　【解析】名词指代题。题干意为：第二段中划线的单词“mixture”指代的是什么？根据第二段第三句“To make the gas, the prickly pear is mixed together with manure(肥料)．”可知是把刺梨和肥料混合在一起的混合物。故选C。
4. D　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第三段的主要内容是什么？根据第三段前两句“Why cactus？Fuel can be made from other plants such as corn, but there are a few reasons why cactus is a better choice.”可知本段是介绍仙人掌是最好的选择的原因。故选D。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者记录的土豆在15天里的生长情况以及她学习到的人生感悟：要想成功，不仅需要时间，也需要努力和耐心。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇阅读材料是关于一个关于________的实验报告。根据文章题目“An Experiment Report on Growing Potato Plants”可知是关于种植土豆的报告，所以是有关生物的实验报告。故选C。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在实验前，作者准备了多少东西？根据“Things prepared”中的“a potato, a flower pot, a camera”可知是三种东西。故选A。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当她看到土豆苗的生长过程时，作者感觉怎么样？根据“Day Six”中的“It's exciting to see new life like this.”可知作者是激动的，兴奋的。故选A。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从作者的实验报告中我们可以知道什么？根据“What I have learned”中的“I have learned that growing potato plants needs plenty of water.”可知答案。故选B。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者从实验中学到了什么？根据最后一段“...it takes not only time，but also lots of efforts and patience.”可知B项符合文意。故选B。
话题4　学生学习与生活
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国青少年钱财的来源，以及他们如何管理自己的钱。
1. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为： 英国青少年如何得到零花钱的？根据第二段第二句“They might have to do some housework to get pocket money...”可知，英国青少年通过做家务来获取零花钱。故选B。
2. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 为了得到额外的钱，英国青少年超过13岁就可以________。根据第三段最后两句“Children in Britain can work two hours a day at the most on a school day but not during school hours. During weekends and school holidays, they can work longer hours.”可知英国青少年超过13岁可以周末和学校假期期间在商店一天工作两小时。故选A。
3. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为： 作者认为银行账户和手机软件对孩子们而言怎么样？根据文章最后一段最后一句“These are all steps towards becoming a financially independent(经济独立的)person and making and looking after your own money.”可知可能会帮助孩子们学习如何管理自己的钱。故选B。
4. D 　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章主要是关于什么的？根据文章最后一段最后一句“These are all steps towards becoming a financially independent(经济独立的)person and making and looking after your own money.”，并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国青少年钱财的来源，以及他们如何管理自己的钱。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了工作和娱乐之间的平衡是一个终身的问题，并就对学习不感兴趣这个问题给出了一些解决方法。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，学习通常不是一个________的任务。根据第一段第一句中的“Studying is usually not a happy task...”可知学习通常不是一项愉快的任务。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，我们可以知道________是一个终身的问题。根据第一段第二句“The balance(平衡)between work and play is a lifelong matter. ”可知工作和娱乐之间的平衡是一个终身的问题。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你可以进入理想的学校在________的帮助下。根据第二段第三、四句“Only good grades can give you a chance to achieve your dreams. Good grades will help you get into your dream high school and college.”可知好成绩能帮助你进入一个理想的学校。故选B。
4. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你可以通过________实现你的梦想。根据第三段第一句“Work hard to achieve your dreams.”可知可以通过努力工作来实现梦想。故选A。
5. C　【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：第四段中划线的句子是什么意思？结合下文“You don't need to study as often as you think you should do. ... You still should, but you can try studying less if it doesn't influence your grades.”可知你不需像你想的那样经常学习，在不影响成绩的情况下，有时可以少学些。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是学校和家长应该鼓励并要求青少年学习基本的生活技能，养成良好的劳动习惯。青少年应该每年掌握一到两项生活技能，以便能够解决将来遇到的问题。
1. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“overlooked”的汉语意思是什么？根据文中“But this has been overlooked in recent years. Many teens do not value the importance of working hard.”可以推断出这里“overlooked”指的是贬义，没有让青少年重视的意思，所以应该是“忽视”。故选B。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者在第二段举南希的例子是为了表明________。根据文中“Many teens do not value the importance of working hard. There is a teenager girl named Nancy...she could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.”可知，通过举Nancy的例子主要是说明青少年不重视努力工作的重要性的结果。故选B。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章哪一项不属于学生的生活技能？根据最后一段第二、三句“Teens should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tiding their rooms.”可知，A选项不属于青少年要掌握的生活技能，故选A。
4. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪一项是不正确的？根据第二段第一句“The government has been trying to pay attention to the importance of hardworking spirit education (劳动教育)．”可知，政府一直在强调劳动教育的重要性，并非不重视，所以C选项描述不正确。故选C。
5. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的标题是什么？根据整个文章的理解及文章的开头“Teens will finally grow up some day, leaving their parents and facing the challenges in life alone, so they should learn basic life skills and form good working habits.”以及结尾“The basic skills may help teens to solve the problems they will meet in the future.”可知，文章主要说的是劳动教育，故选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是化学在我们日常生活中的应用。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：肥皂中的化学成分对我们有什么帮助？根据第二段最后两句“...such as hair products and soap. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes.”可知，肥皂里的化学成分可以帮助我们清洗衣服上的油污。故选C。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第三段我们能知道________。根据第三段第二句“Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach(漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar(醋), because the mixture can produce harmful gas.”可知，漂白剂和醋不能混合，混合之后会产生有害的气体。故选C。
3. B　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第四段主要告诉我们________。根据第四段第一句“Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation.”可知，主要讲述的是化学成分在食品制作中的重要作用。故选B。
4. A　【解析】文章结构题。题干意为：下列哪一项显示了文章的结构？文章第一段总体描述化学在生活中无处不在，二、三、四段举例说明了化学在生活中的作用，最后一段对上述内容进行了总结。总分总结构。故选A。
5. D　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主旨大意是什么？通读文章内容可知，主要讲述了日常生活中的化学知识。故选D。
话题5　咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过莎莉娅跟着妈妈在厨房里学习做菜，介绍了如何保存家庭食谱和传承家庭食谱，说明传承家庭菜谱的意义和价值，并倡导读者传承家庭菜谱。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么莎莉娅总是跟着妈妈在厨房转？根据题干关键词“follow her mother around the kitchen”定位至文章第二段第二句“Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen，taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris.”可知莎莉娅是为了记食谱。故选B。
2. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以从文章中了解到什么？根据选项关键词“record recipes”定位至文章第六段第一句“Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes.”可知文章主要介绍如何更简单的记住食谱。故选A。
3. D　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下列哪一项是这篇文章的最佳标题？根据文章第七段第一句“Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger.”可知食谱可以保存和传承传统文化，还可以加强家人之间的联系。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了意志力的作用以及锻炼意志力的几条建议。
1. A　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：在1972年棉花软糖测试中有多少孩子得到了两个棉花糖？根据第二段第二句话“In 1972, Professor Walter Mischel tested the willpower of 600 four­year­olds to six­year­olds.”和第三段第三句话“...30% showed willpower—they controlled themselves and waited for the second marshmallow.”计算600×30%＝180，可知A项正确，故选A。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在第二和第三段中，这个著名的实验解释了________。根据第三段最后一句话“And he found that those who'd shown strong willpower were getting better marks at university and were more popular.”推理可知意志力对人的生活影响很大。故选B。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者或许同意________。根据倒数第三段最后一句话“And daily willpower exercises will help you with those bigger goals...”推理可知作者赞同有坚强意志的人们更容易实现他们的目标的说法。故选D。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据这篇短文，________的人有坚强的意志力。根据第四段第一句话“Willpower is like a muscle(肌肉), and the more you exercise it, the stronger it gets.”推理可知A项符合语境。故选A。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍了找到自己的兴趣所在，如果你有一份你喜欢的工作，工作不仅仅意味着赚钱，它意味着利用你的才能，做出贡献，从工作中获得真正的满足感。
1. A　【解析】推断判断题。题干意为：这篇文章最有可能是写给谁的？根据第一段中前四句“Right now you probably spend most of your time in school. Do you wonder what you are going to do after junior high school? Will you continue to go to school? Will you learn a trade？”可知最有可能是写给学生的。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者是如何在文章开头介绍主题的？根据第一段中前四句“Right now you probably spend most of your time in school. Do you wonder what you are going to do after junior high school? Will you continue to go to school? Will you learn a trade？”可知是通过问问题引出主题的。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：劳拉·张在学校的时候最感兴趣的可能是什么？根据第四段“Laura Zhang, an art designer, finds her work satisfying because it allows her to use her interests and skills. She enjoyed imagining something in her mind while she was in school. She took art, design, and computer lessons, and also learned about taking photos on her own.” 可知应该是对创作画画感兴趣。故选B。
4. D　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要关于什么？根据第二段“What kind of job would be right for you? Think about your interests and your skills. You may like to listen to music, dance, play basketball, or work with computers. You may know how to drive a car or how to get along with people. Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better plan for your future job.”可知，主要讲了为未来的职业生涯做准备的方式。故选D。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了四件你在一秒钟内能够做的、并且可以让你的生活更加幸福的事情。
1. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下面哪一个是可以代替文章中的__△__的最佳选项？ 空前“One second. That's all it takes to make your life happier.”先交代全文主旨，即花一秒钟你就可以让你的生活更加幸福。但是这种说法，会引起读者的怀疑。毕竟一秒钟很短，而在一秒钟内做的事情要使人生更幸福，这种说法是很难让人相信的。但是作者在下一句“Then check out this list of things you can do in a single second.” 列出了一秒钟内可以做的让人生更幸福的事情。所以____△____ 承接上文引起下文。分析选项可知B项符合语境。故选B。
2. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：单词“contagious”的汉语意思是什么？根据下文“So give a smile to a total stranger on the street.”建议你在大街上给陌生人一个微笑，是希望你的微笑可以感染陌生人，可推知“contagious” 的意思是“有感染力的”。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你能够做什么来保持健康的皮肤？根据“Take a sip of water.”部分的最后一句“Drinking water can help keep you hydrated, control calories, filter your kidneys, and keep healthy skin.” 可知喝水有助于保持皮肤健康。故选B。
4. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：下面哪一个“second”和文章中的意思相同？通读全文可知，本文中“second”的意思是“一秒钟，一会儿”的意思。A选项中second是“第二”的意思；B选项中second是“再一次，又一次”的意思；C选项中second是“一会儿”的意思。故选C。
话题6　科普知识与事物发展史
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了梦游发生的时间、症状以及在面对他人梦游时的处理方法。
1. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：“out of it”在中文里最有可能是什么意思？划线部分所在句子描述的是Doug的行为特征。根据第四段对梦游者的症状表现描述“they don't see the same way they do when they're awake”及“won't remember it in the morning”可知，梦游者看东西的方式和他们醒着的时候不一样，且第二天早上会不记得之前发生的事情。一般人们醒着的时候，所有的动作都是有意识的行为，故梦游者的行为是无意识的。分析四个选项可知，“out of it”应是茫然不觉的意思。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：梦游通常发生在什么时候？根据第二段最后一句“It usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the period called deep sleep.”可知，它(指代上文的梦游)通常发生在睡眠的最初几个小时，这段时期被称为深度睡眠。故选B。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：哪些段落讲的是梦游者的行为？本题需要分别分析各个段落的大意。通读全文内容可知，第1段以具体实例引出梦游这一主题；第2段介绍了梦游发生的时间；第3、4段介绍了梦游的症状，也即梦游者的行为；第5段介绍了面对他人梦游时的处理方法。由此可知，3、4段讲的是梦游者的行为。故选C。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果我们看到有人梦游，我们该怎么办？根据最后一段第二、三句“That's true, so what do you do if you see someone sleepwalking? You should call for a grown­up who can lead the person back to bed.”可知，当我们看到有人梦游，我们应该找个大人把梦游者带回去睡觉。故选D。
5. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章是为谁写的？根据文章最后一段第二至四句“That's true, so what do you do if you see someone sleepwalking? You should call for a grown­up who can lead the person back to bed. And once the sleepwalker is tucked back in bed, it's time for you to get some sleep, too！”当看到梦游者时要求助于大人可知，文章是在给孩子们提出建议，写作对象为孩子们。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了风筝在历史中的作用。风筝已经存在了几个世纪，历史上风筝在农业和军事上发挥着巨大的作用，另外人们还利用风筝来了解自然世界，制造飞机。
1. B　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，哪些国家用风筝来许愿？根据第二段最后一句“Starting 2，000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.”和第四段第四、五句“During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain.”可知，中国人会在新年时放风筝并希望能带来好运；在洪水期间，泰国农民希望风筝能赶走云，阻止下雨。故选B。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文中中国故事，军队用风筝来________。根据第三段第二句“One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp.”和第三句“The enemies were frightened by the noise and run away.”可知，军队将喇叭放在风筝上并放到敌方营地上空， 这样敌人被噪音吓跑了。故选A。
3. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第4段中划线的“passion”一词意味着________。 根据第四段最后一句“Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.”可知， 风筝爱好者在世界许多地方的节日聚会，玩得很开心。进而推断风筝受到全世界人的喜爱。再结合画线部分“kites are a passion all over the world”可知，passion意为强烈的喜爱。故选A。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者是如何开展第五段的？根据第五段第二句提到的“for example”以及后面的例子可知，作者是通过举例子的方式来展开第五段的。故选D。
5. C　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：这篇文章的目的是什么？通读全文可知，文章介绍了历史上风筝在农业和军事上的作用，另外风筝还帮助人们了解自然世界，制造飞机，因此本文主要目的是介绍了风筝在历史中的作用。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了交通信号灯的发展历史。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么红色被用来表示“停止”？根据第二段第三句“The color red was used to mean ‘stop' because it warned people of danger.”可知红色被用来表示“停止”，是因为它警告人们有危险。故选C。
2. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段划线单词“swapped”的意思是什么？从划线单词所在句的后一句“The ‘go' light was changed to green and the ‘take care' light was changed to white.”可知“前行”灯被换成了绿色；“当心”灯换成了白色。所以B项符合题意。故选B。
3. D　【解析】事件排序题。题干意为：“当心”灯发展的顺序是哪一个？根据第二段最后一句“A green light was used to mean ‘take care'...”可知b为第一个；根据第三段最后一句“...the ‘take care' light was changed to white.”可知a为第二个；根据第四段最后一句“Yellow warning signs had to be placed beside the roads to remind drivers to take care...”可知c为最后一个。故选D。
4. B　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是关于什么？通读全文以及从第二段第一句“The first traffic signals were used for trains.”，第四段第一句“During these times...”和最后一段第一句“Today, towns and cities all over the world have traffic lights.”可知文章以时间顺序来讲述交通信号灯的演变历史。故选B。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们觉得假期将植物放在家里是可以的，因为它们不会像宠物那样乱叫。但是近期的一项研究表明一些植物在压力状态下也会“尖叫”。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 特拉维夫大学的科学家们已经发现了什么？根据文章第二段内容可知是发现一些处于压力状态下的植物会尖叫。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 第三段中划线部分的麦克风被用来做什么？根据划线单词所在段中的第三句“between 20 and 100 kilohertz”可知，麦克风是用来收集超声波声音的。故选C。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 当植物被＝剥夺水分后，烟叶植物在一个小时内会发出多少次超声波？根据第四段最后一句中“while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds”可知，烟叶植物在一个小时内会发出11次超声波。故选A。
4. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 我们能从文中知道什么？根据第五段最后一句可知没有遭遇紧急危险的植物尖叫最微弱。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是音乐和语言之间的联系。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在西北大学的研究中第一组的人被要求做什么？根据第二段最后一句话“The musicians were found to be able to hear the talking person more clearly.”可知第一组能更清楚地听到说话的人说的话。故选D。
2. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第三段中作者用小提琴手的例子来解释________。根据第三段最后一句话“In this way, musicians can hear certain sounds better, even in a room with lots of noise.”可以推断用小提琴手的例子来解释音乐家有更好的听力能力的原因，故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Gottfried Schlaug通过________帮助他的中风病人说话。根据第四段第四句话“Dr. Schlaug was surprised to find singing words helped his patients finally speak.”可知B项正确。故选B。
4. C　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：这篇文章的主要目的是什么？根据文章第一段“Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.”可知主要讲述的是音乐和语言之间的联系。故选C。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为鱼只有七秒的记忆，但是一项新的研究发现，鱼的记忆力比我们过去认为的要好得多。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们经常为鱼感到难过是因为________。根据第一段第二、三句“It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them.”可知，想到它们生命中的每一刻都像是第一次看到这个世界，可能会让人感到悲伤难过。由此可知，鱼生活中的每时每刻都是新的，这使得人们为它们感到难过。故选D。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：研究人员为什么要进行这项研究？根据第一段第四句“A new study has found that fish have much better memories than we used to think.”可知，一项新的研究发现，鱼的记忆力比我们过去认为的要好得多。由此可知，研究人员进行这项研究是为了查明鱼是否有更好的记忆力。故选B。
3. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“tank”是什么意思？根据最后一段中的“So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank”可知，宠物鱼被养在tank里。根据常识可知，一般宠物鱼会被养在养鱼的容器(鱼缸)里。由此可推断出，tank指的是养鱼的容器。故选D。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据特雷弗·汉密尔顿的说法，哪一个是正确的？根据第四段的内容可知，当一条鱼试图在野外生存时，良好的记忆力发挥着重要的作用。如果鱼能够记住某个区域有安全的食物，它们就能够回到那个区域且不会有生命危险。由此可推断出，良好的记忆力可以让鱼在野外更安全。故选C。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能来自哪里？通读全文内容可知，文章通过一项新的研究否定了人们之前对鱼只有七秒记忆的认知，指出了鱼的记忆力比我们过去认为的要好得多。文章语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，所以应是来自于一本科学杂志。故选B。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从古至今各种计时工具的发展及其特点。
1. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，在阴雨天气，我们无法用一个________来辨别时间。根据第二段第七句“On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.”可知，太阳钟无法在阴雨天辨别时间。故选B。
2. D 　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中的划线单词“ordinary”是什么意思？根据划线单词所在句的上句“Clocks became cheaper to build.”可知，钟表的制作变便宜了，所以推断是普通人也可以拥有一块钟表。故选D。
3. C 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文章中提到了多少种钟？根据文章内容可知，一共提到了sun clock、sundial、water clock、mechanical clock、quartz clock和digital clock这六种钟。故选C。
4. A 　【解析】文章结构题。题干意为：以下哪一项展示了文章的结构？根据文章内容可知，第一段引出计时的方式——钟；第二、三段讲述了各种计时器的发展及特点；第四段总述了计时方面的进步。故选A。
5. B 　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要讲述了什么？根据文章内容可知，主要讲述的是计时工具的发展。故选B。
话题7　健康生活
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自然对于人的身体健康有利，人们应该多接近自然，世界上很多国家也在采取措施让人们回归自然。
1. B　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第一段主要谈论什么？根据本段内容可知本段主要讲述了人们在室内花的时间比室外更多，所以B项；我们在户外花的时间正确。故选B。
2. B　【解析】信息匹配题。题干意为：将国家或城市与信息相匹配，并选择正确的答案。根据第一段倒数第二句可知“在美国，只有大概10%的青少年每天在户外活动”；根据最后一段可知，“迪拜打算修建一个带有大花园的购物商场”、“在瑞士，孩子们在森林里学习，在户外做很多活动”、“在韩国，大概1300万人每年参观城市附近的新公园”。故选B。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：研究结果表明什么？结合第二段内容及第三段首句“The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed.”可知自然能使人放松。故选C。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文中最后一句话我们能推断出什么？根据全文及最后一句“So after building cities for so long, perhaps it's now time to start rebuilding nature.”可知人们如今在室内待的时间很长，而很少有时间去接近自然，所以应该让自然成为我们生活中的一部分。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。当代很多年轻人将大部分时间都花费在手机上，科学家通过研究发现使用太多的社交媒体对年轻人来说是不利的，玩手机时间较长的学生成绩一般低于均分，晚上过多的使用手机会严重影响睡眠质量及第二天的精神状态。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 第一段中问题的答案让人大吃一惊是因为年轻人________。根据第一段最后一句中“the answer is surprising：young people spend about nine hours every day using media...”可知吃惊是因为年轻人每天花费大约9小时在社交媒体上。故选A。
2. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为： 第二段中的划线单词“multitaskers”指的是那些________的人。根据第二段中“multitaskers” 后面的内容“They often use media when doing other activities. Some watch TV when doing homework, some text(发短信)，and some others listen to music.”可知指的是那些同一时间做很多事情的人。故选D。
3. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文中我们可以知道，如果一个孩子在晚上使用社交媒体的时间太长，他或她将可能 ________。根据最后一段第一句“According to a research, if a kid uses social media a lot, especially at night, he or she will sleep worse and feel more nervous and depressed(消沉的)．”可知如果一个孩子在晚上使用社交媒体的时间太长，他或她将可能会变得更加焦虑。故选A。
4. B　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为： 文章主要是关于什么？整篇文章都在说过多使用社交媒体的弊端。故选B。
话题8　环境保护
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是非洲马里大象数量减少的原因以及人们采取措施来保护作为野生动物瑰宝之一的大象。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：MEP的建立是为了________。根据第三段第一句“To protect the elephants' living environment, the Mali Elephant Project(MEP) was started in 2007.”可知是为了保护大象的生活环境，人们开启了MEP项目。故选D。
2. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段中的“illegal”一词在中文里是什么意思？根据第五段中的“ the local people that trading elephants is against the law”可知此处指的是非法的交易。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：________有83头大象失踪。根据第四段第二句“Eighty­three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty­one elephants were killed in 2016.”可知在2015年有83头大象失踪。故选B。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从最后一段我们可以了解到________。根据最后一段第三句可知通过采取措施，偷猎大象的行为日益减少。故选B。
5. D　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是关于________。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍的是古尔马沙漠象的情况。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过分析眼下太平洋各个岛国面临的气候变化问题，介绍了他们意识到问题的严重性后如何联手合作对抗航运污染的措施。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，对于太平洋岛屿来讲坏消息是什么？ 根据第二段第二、三句“Climate change is causing the sea to rise. That's bad news for the Pacific Islands.”可知B项符合语境。故选B。
2. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段中划线单词“threat”的意思可能是“________”。根据第四段第三句“So they are among the first places influenced by rising sea levels.”可知划线单词“threat”的意思是威胁。故选A。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中可以推断出________。根据倒数第三段内容“Pacific Islanders realize the problem. So, in 2019, six countries got together...They came up with a plan...”可知六个国家正在为零排放航海运行做计划，他们有望对此做出改变。故选D。
4. C　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要讲的是________。通读全文可知，本文主要分析眼下太平洋各个岛国面临的气候变化问题，以及他们意识到问题的严重性后如何联手合作对抗航运污染的措施，C项符合语境。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是气候变化正在危害着地球，这会导致一系列威胁人类生存与健康的问题。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，什么不能减少北极熊的数量？根据第一段后两句“The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting(融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number...”可知，气候变化导致的海冰流失和北极冰层融化减少了北极熊的数量，文中没有提到狩猎。故选A。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你能从这篇文章中学到什么？根据文章最后一句“It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”可知，气候变化会造成空气污染和疾病。故选C。
3. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“inhospitable”可能是什么意思？根据句中“because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place”可知，“inhospitable”可能是指不适合居住。故选D。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：今年哪个地方没有遭遇旱灾？根据倒数第二段提到的“Australia is undergoing its worst drought(干旱)．..Meanwhile in Europe, crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has also gone through its worst drought...”可知，中国没有遭遇旱灾。故选D。
5. C　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主旨是什么？根据全文可知，文章主要介绍的是气候变化越来越严重，正在危害地球。故选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球上的水、空气、土壤等都受到了严重的污染，这也影响了人类的生存。所以我们每个人都要行动起来，为保护地球贡献自己的一份力量。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：以下哪一个东西可能变成电子垃圾？根据常识以及文章第一段最后一句“When TV sets or computers are broken, they will become electronic waste.”可知，电视机可能变成电子垃圾。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么我们喜欢用塑料袋？根据文章第二段第三句“We like to use plastic bags because they are convenient.”可知，我们喜欢用塑料袋是因为它们很方便。故选B。
3. D　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线短语“break down”的中文意思是什么？根据破折号后面的“it will stay unchanged for a long time”可知，橡胶很久都不会改变，也就是不会在自然中很快分解。故选D。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从本文中我们能学到什么？根据最后一段第一句“Everyone should play a part in saving our world.”可知，我们每个人都应该为拯救地球发挥自己的作用。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了蚂蚁金服推出的蚂蚁森林项目的具体运行步骤，这一项目让更多的人们意识并参与到改善环境的行动中来，让我们国家的环境变得更美好。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，以下哪一个句子是正确的？根据文中第三段第五句“The activities include walking, buying tickets online, taking public transportation and so on.”可知在手机上种植虚拟树木时需要参与这些活动来获取能量让树木成长。故选B。
2. D　【解析】句子排序题。题干意为：根据文章，正确的顺序是什么？根据文中第三段内容可知，正确的顺序是首先你在手机上种植虚拟的树，做一些低碳的活动来获取“绿色能量”，然后你的虚拟树会长大，最后蚂蚁金服为你在沙漠中种植一棵真正的树。结合选项可知D项符合此顺序，故选D。
3. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：最后一段的中心思想是什么？联系最后一段上下文，尤其是最后一句“According to Bai, Ant Financial will do more in the future so that we can make China a greener country together.”，结合选项可知C项符合此段段落大意。故选C。
4. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们可以从这篇文章中学到________。根据文中最后一段第二、三句“She says the company believes everyone wants to improve the environment. She and her workmates are happy that they can help people realize their wishes.”可知A项表述正确。故选A。
话题9　热点
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人脸探测技术。人脸探测技术现在进入广告界，有些商场的大广告牌中放置了人脸探测技术的装置，来检测人的心情。有些人认为能提升购物体验，而有些人认为会侵犯消费者的隐私。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，人脸探测技术能够辨别人们的________。根据第三段第二句“One facial detection system can judge a person's ‘happiness’ or ‘fear’ level.”可知能够检测人的感受。故选B。
2. C　【解析】还原句子题。题干意为：以下哪项能放到__▲__？根据空后句子“For example, a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.”可知一家企业可以根据一个人的年龄和感受提高产品的价格，从而会造成不公平。故选C。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文中我们能推测出人脸探测技术________。根据文章内容可知人们对于人脸探测技术的看法不一致，有些人认为它可以提升购物体验，但有些人认为会侵犯消费者的隐私。从而推断出在普及推广人脸探测技术前还需要一些时间。故选D。
4. C　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是“________”。根据第二段“Now, a similar technology, known as facial detection(探测), is entering a new field: the business of advertising(广告)．”和全文内容可知文章主要讲了人脸探测技术进入广告领域及其应用。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了嫦娥四号的又一次成功。嫦娥四号搭载的迷你花园通过实验证明了种子可以在月球上生长。
1. A　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是关于________。根据第二段第一句“This is yet another success for Chang'e 4.”，并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了嫦娥四号的又一次成功。故选A。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于嫦娥四号下列哪项是正确的？根据第一段第二句“A mini­garden carried on China's Chang'e 4 moon lander recently became home to the first plant to grow on another world.”可知，嫦娥四号携带了迷你花园。故选A。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章中，我们可以知道________。根据第三段最后两句“The moon's gravity is a sixth as strong as the earth's, so Chang'e 4's experiment was a test: would the earth plants know which way was up on the moon? Four days after landing, a tiny cotton shoot showed that they do.”可知，一个小小的棉花芽表明它们知道如何在月球上生长。故选D。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章我们可以推理出什么？根据最后一段第一句“Night has now fallen on the far side of the moon; sunlight will not return until the start of February.”可知，直到二月初，阳光才会恢复。因此可推知，在二月初我们可以看到新月。故选D。
5. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你可以在杂志的哪个部分读到这篇文章？通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了嫦娥四号的另一个成功，介绍了探测到的月球的情况以及所做的科学实验，属于科学与技术的范畴。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太阳能电池板，它利用太阳能转化为电能而为我们提供电。在太阳能电池板研究领域，科学家们一直在努力取得更多的突破。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在世界上的很多地区，哪种能源是最廉价的供电方式？根据第一段倒数第二句“In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity.”可知，现在在世界上的很多地区，太阳能是最廉价的供电方式。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：常见太阳能电池板的问题之一是什么？根据第二段第二句“They stop working at night and on rainy days.”可知，太阳能电池板在夜间和阴雨天停止工作，所以，其问题之一是不能一直工作。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么新型太阳能电池板更科学有效？根据第四段“...Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day，’he says. ‘It can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.’”可知新型太阳能电池板的优点是在任何天气的白天和在阴雨的夜晚都能发电。故选C。
4. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第五段中划线单词“flexible”是什么意思？根据句中“which are as soft as clothing”猜测，科学家们想要让太阳能电池板更柔软，像布一样柔软。故选A。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们从这篇文章中能推断出________。根据文章最后一段“The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels.”太阳能研究领域发展迅速，世界各地的科学家一直在改善太阳能电池板，由此推断，这个领域的研究没有终点。故选B。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类对绿色环保的潮汐能的利用情况。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：潮汐发电站最好建设________。根据文中第二段第二句“The bays* and the river mouths where the tide is high (the tidal range is more than 10 metres) are usually perfect sites to build tidal power stations.”可知涨潮且潮差超过10米的海湾是最适合建立潮汐发电站的地方。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：第三段划线单词“turbine”是一种________机器。根据文中第三段最后三句“When the tide rises...the turbines turn and the electric generators work, producing electricity. When the ride falls...the turbines turn again. The electric generators continue to work.”可知，“turbines”指“涡轮机”，是一种在涨潮和退潮时使发电机工作的一种机器。故选B。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：潮汐能有什么好处？根据第四段第五句“Tidal energy can be used nearly 24 hours a day.”可知，潮汐能几乎24小时都能被利用。故选C。
4. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们怎样才能更好地利用潮汐能？通读全文可知潮汐发电站的优势很多，但是仍有许多问题需要解决。例如：在海里建大坝很困难而且成本很高。但是如果能建造便宜的潮汐发电站，对全人类来说都是一件值得庆祝的事。故选B。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍现在科学家正在对以水为动力的宇宙飞船的研究。
1. B　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：哪个句子能最好地描述上文的主旨大意？通读全文可知，文章主要介绍科学家正在研究以水为动力的宇宙飞船，且人们有望在未来搭乘以水为动力的宇宙飞船前往火星。分析文章结构可知，第一段是本文的主题段，开门见山交代本文的主旨大意。第一段第一句“In the future, people may travel to Mars(火星) by water­powered spaceship！”为全文的主题句。故选B。
2. D 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你认为划线句子结尾被省略的是什么？分析句子结构，划线句句首为“But”，可知划线句与上句“Today's spaceships could not carry that much water.”是转折关系，此处指当下的飞船不能携带那么多的水，但是科学家认为，一个像气球一样膨胀起来的飞船就能够带那么多水。所以，划线句子结尾省略的是“carry that much water”。故选D。
3. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：除了种植食物，宇航员还可能用剩下的水来做什么？根据第三段倒数第一、二句“With the ‘Balloon' spaceships, enough water could be carried to power the engines and grow food during the trip. And the people on the spaceship might even get to take a hot bath！”气球飞船上足够的水能用来给引擎提供动力，并且在旅途当中可以用来种植食物。在飞船上的人甚至可以洗个热水澡。所以除了种植食物之外，宇航员还可以洗热水澡。故选A。
4. D 　【解析】推理判断题。我们可能从哪个网站上读到这篇文章？通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是科学家对于宇宙飞船的研究，所以我们最有可能在航天类网站中读到这篇文章。故选D。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在疫情期间，清理手机时避免做的四件事情以及三种正确的清理方法。
1. C　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：从第一段我们可以知道________。通读第一段尤其是“Scientific studies have shown that the virus can live for two to three days on smooth materials like plastic and stainless steel...including phones, keyboards and computers.”可知C项病毒可以在手机上存活更长的时间符合题意。故选C。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪一项可以被用来擦拭手机？根据文章中建议的第二条“Use cleaning cloths with 70 percent alcohol(酒精) instead of the common ones.”可知擦拭手机时要用含有70%酒精的清洁布而不是普通的清洁布。故选C。
3. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：哪一种建议的方法与杀死病毒有着直接的关系？根据文章中给出的第二条建议并结合常识可知使用70%的酒精与杀死病毒有着直接的关系。故选B。
4. C　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“measures”是什么意思？根据划线单词所在句“Cleaning the phone is one of the measures that are helpful to keep away from the new coronavirus.”可知擦拭手机是远离新型冠状病毒肺炎的有效办法之一，由此可推知“measures”意为“方法”，与“ways”同义。故选C。
5. A　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：本文的最佳标题是什么？通读全文以及文中“Here are some things not to do when cleaning the phone.”及“So, what is the right way? Below are some suggested ways to clean the phone.”可知本文主要介绍了疫情期间，清理手机时避免做的四件事情以及三种正确的清理方法，A项符合题意。故选A。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新冠肺炎疫情期间，医护人员在抗疫前线所表现出来的勇敢、坚韧、无私与乐观。
1. C　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：本文中，划线单词“them”可能指代________。根据后文的“it is medical workers who are risking their lives on the frontlines of the epidemic(疫情)”可知them指代的是医护人员。故选C。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：因为________，医生和护士选择穿纸尿裤。根据第三段后两句的“They also choose to wear diapers(纸尿裤), as it takes nearly an hour to take their protective uniforms on and off. When they are racing time to save lives, every second matters.”可知他们要节约每一分每一秒来救护病人，所以没时间上厕所，就用纸尿裤。故选A。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么医护人员在他们的防护服上写一些字？根据第四段第一句“To cheer each other up, medical workers wrote inspiring words on their uniforms...”可知他们写的这些内容都是激励性的言语，可以起到鼓励和支持的作用。故选D。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：本文中，作者主要告诉我们医护人员________。根据最后一段最后一句“But with their white coats on, they become the bravest fighters.”可知作者认为他们是最勇敢的战士。故选B。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：本文可能出现在报纸的哪个部分？本文主要描述的是医护人员在疫情前线的辛苦与付出，所以属于时事新闻。故选B。
话题10　彰显中国实力与美
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京张高铁的一些信息，它是中国铁路发展的一个里程碑。
1. C 　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：单词“milestone” 的中文意思是什么？根据句中“because it has used the latest technologies in railway building”可知，“milestone”的中文意思是里程碑。故选C。
2. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：控制中心被描述为________。根据第二段第二句“The stations are managed by one control center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Group—also known as CR Beijing—as an ‘intelligent(智能的) brain’．”可知，控制中心被描述为“智能大脑”。故选D。
3. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，哪一个是正确的？根据文章最后一段“In addition, the Badaling Great Wall Station, the deepest underground railway station in China, is another great example of the country's achievements in railway building.”可知，八达岭长城站是中国最深的地下高铁站。故选D。
4. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：(站点)提供电子客票服务，因此旅客________。根据第四段“All the ten stations provide e­ticket services. Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.”可知，提供电子客票服务，旅客不用排队等纸质票。故选B。
5. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，京张高铁有什么特别之处？根据全文可知，京张高铁是非常智能的。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍随着越来越多的人说中文以及中国经济的不断发展，汉语的发展前景是光明的，汉语肯定会成为一门世界性的语言。
1. A 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：汉语和拉丁语在哪个方面相似？根据第一段第二句“It has shaped other languages in Asia the way Latin has shaped languages in the West”(汉语)影响亚洲的其他语言就像拉丁语影响西方的其他语言一样。可知汉语和拉丁语的相似之处是都影响了其他的语言。故选A。
2. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中的划线单词“definitely”的意思可能是什么？根据第三段第二句“Why is this certain？”可知definitely表示“确定地”，相当于certainly。故选B。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：语言和经济之间的关系是什么？根据第三段最后两句“In the past, world languages have always been the languages of countries with powerful economies. Latin, French and English were important because of the power of the countries that spoke those languages.”世界通用语总是那些经济强大的国家的语言。可知经济越强，语言越重要。故选D。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么汉语被更广泛地使用？根据第四段“Foreign interest in Chinese has developed very quickly together with the development of the Chinese economy. Chinese has become one of the most important and popular languages to learn.”可知，随着中国经济的发展，外国人对汉语的兴趣发展非常迅速，使得中文成为最重要的和最受欢迎的语言之一。故选D。
5. A　【解析】观点态度题。题干意为：作者可能认为汉语的未来怎么样？根据最后一段“As China develops, more and more people will want to learn about Chinese language and culture, to work and study in China, and to do business with Chinese companies. Chinese will one day become an international language.”可知作者对中文的发展和前景是充满希望的。故选A。
分点训练三　应用文
话题1　广告图表
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文中以表格的形式列举了四名学生分别创建的不同的帮助老年人的组织，充分体现了中学生的责任与担当。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：是谁创建了Teens Helping Seniors？根据题干关键词“Teens Helping Seniors”定位至文章第一个表格第一句“I created Teens Helping Seniors with my friends.”可知Matt和朋友创建了这个团队。故选D。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：每周的科技课上有多少本地的老年人？根据题干关键词“weekly technology classes”定位至文章第二个表格第二句“Now there are 50 local seniors in the weekly technology classes.”可知有50名当地的老年人。故选A。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为了帮助疗养院里的老人，Kathy和她的同学们________。根据题干关键词“Kathy and her schoolmates”定位至文章最后一个表格第一句后半部分“so my friends and I decided to cheer up the elderly by writing them letters”可知他们决定给老人们写信。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了利物浦的四个观光景点：甲壳虫乐队传奇博物馆、安菲尔德球场、利物浦博物馆和利物浦一号购物中心。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在甲壳虫乐队传奇博物馆，你能了解到什么？根据题干中的“The Beatles Story”可将答案定位Liverpool MUSIC中的“The Beatles Story The world­famous 1960s music group came from Liverpool. Find out about The Beatles at the The Beatles Story.”由此可知，在甲壳虫乐队传奇博物馆，我们可以了解到有关甲壳虫乐队的信息。也就是说，我们可以了解到有关一个乐队的信息。故选A。
2. D　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：如果一个学生和他的父母参观安菲尔德球场，他们要支付多少钱？根据Liverpool SPORT中的“Adult：￡15.00；Under­16s and students: ￡9.00”可知，一个学生和他的父母要支付的金额数应为：9＋15×2＝39(英镑)。故选D。
3. B　【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：利物浦博物馆每天营业多长时间？根据Liverpool MUSEUM中的“Open daily 10 a．m.－5 p．m.”可知，利物浦博物馆每天营业7个小时。故选B。
4. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：利物浦一号是什么？根据Liverpool SHOPPING中的“Liverpool ONE, Liverpool's new shopping centre”可知，利物浦一号是个购物中心。故选D。
5. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？通读全文内容，以及标题Liverpool下的“Discover the best music, sport and culture in the UK”可知，文章主要是介绍了利物浦的四个观光景点。由此可推断出，这篇文章最有可能来自于一本旅游指南。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要是征集保护海洋志愿者的一则广告。具体介绍了志愿者的工作内容、报名要求以及工作福利。
1. A 　【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：志愿者将教孩子们________。根据第一部分You will中的“teach children how to protect the sea in local schools.”可知，志愿者将教孩子们如何保护海洋。故选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：志愿者需要从________ 开始工作。根据第二部分You need中的“ to be able to start work on Monday.”可知，志愿者需要从周一开始工作。故选B。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：志愿者可以________。根据第三部分You can中的“stay in a beach room.”可知，志愿者可以待在沙滩屋里。故选D。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了某网站调查人们用一美元会些什么事情。
1. C 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Patrick Martine将用1美元做什么？根据表格的第二部分“buy a cup of coffee...and ask for his/her secret of success”可知，他想用一美元换得成功人士的成功秘诀。故选C。
2. D 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁想帮助需要免费饮用水的人？根据题干中的“free drinking water”在表格的第四部分里找到最后一句“So I will use the dollar to provide free drinking water for people in need.”可知，这个人是Ben Harrison。故选D。
3. C 　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能来自于哪里？根据图表的网页显示和表格最下方的网址链接，结合备选项可知，该材料来源于某个网站的网页上。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一封邮件里来自全世界的5个有趣的运动。人马马拉松，骆驼摔跤，龙舟赛，抛杆赛与西洋棋拳击。
1. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以从人马马拉松中了解什么？根据第二段第三句“People race against horses across the hills and mountains.”可推断，人马马拉松是一项户外运动，故选A。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于骆驼摔跤，下面哪个被提到？根据第三段最后一句“Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous.”可知，有时候，观看很危险，故选D。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪一个图片可以最好地描述抛竿赛？根据第五段第一句“In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can.”可知，抛竿扔的是木头，故选C。
4. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪一个运动在亚洲流行？根据第四段最后一句“Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries.”可知，龙舟赛在亚洲流行，故选B。
5. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：多少运动让动物作为运动员？根据文章第二、三段内容可知，人马马拉松，骆驼摔跤让动物作为运动员，故选B。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上最好的保护沙袋鼠的组织——The Walla Walla沙袋鼠基金会的网站。
1. B 　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：The Walla Walla 沙袋鼠基金会设立的目的是________。 从表中第一段最后一句“We are the world's best wallaby support group.”可知，The Walla Walla 沙袋鼠基金会设立的目的是帮助沙袋鼠。故选B。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：如果你想捐钱支持The Walla Walla 沙袋鼠基金会，你可以点击图标“________”。根据常识可知，“捐赠” 图标与钱相关。故选B。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：上面的阅读材料是________。根据图表格式可推断出，这是一个网页。故选D。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文， 介绍的是面条夜市。文中对这家夜市的风味、菜单、位置以及营业时间等进行了介绍。
1. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：www.niftynoodlesatnight.com.cn是什么？由www.niftynoodlesatnight.com.cn的构成形式及图片上的界面可知是一个网址。 故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：人们什么时候可以去这家夜市？根据广告中的 “When? Monday to Saturday, 5 pm to 11 pm.”可知只有D项描述的时间在这一时间段内。故选D。
3. A　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：这则广告的主要目的是为了________。根据广告中“Take a look at the menus on offer. Click on the icons below.”可知是通过做广告让人们去吃饭。故选A。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是美国举办的一个叫做年鉴挑战的活动。文中对这项活动的时间，参与方式以及会获得的奖项进行了详细说明。活动的目的是号召人们保护濒临灭绝的动物——狮子。
1. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：年鉴挑战的目的是为了________。根据表格第二段第一句“That's why this year's Almanac Challenge is all about saving lions—and how you can help.这就是为什么今年的年鉴挑战都是关于拯救狮子的，以及你可以如何帮助拯救它们。”可知C项正确。故选C。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你想参加年鉴挑战，你必须________。根据表格第三段第二句“Open to U．S. people who are aged 6 to 12 years or older.”可知，如果想要参加挑战，你至少年满6岁。故选B。
3. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：年鉴挑战最有可能是一个________。根据表格第二段第三句“You could win a $500 gift card to host a ‘Lions Forever' party—but you can host one on your own too！”中的win可知，年鉴挑战是具有比赛性质的活动。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文中介绍的是数字媒体夏令营开放的时间，针对的年龄段以及培养孩子们的何种能力。
1. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：数字媒体夏令营可以帮助学生________。根据文章开头第一句话“The digital media(数字媒体) summer camp is a great chance for students aged 7 to 18 to have STEM courses.”可以推断数字媒体夏令营可以帮助学生提高STEM方面的知识。故选D。
2. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪个词最能形容夏令营的老师？根据第二段第一句“Students will learn from our teachers who have been employed(聘用) for both their teaching experience and rich knowledge in their fields.”可知这里的老师是有经验的。故选A。
3. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪项陈述是不正确的？根据“12：00 p．m.～1：30 p．m. Lunch Break”可知，C项描述和文章内容不相符。故选C。
话题2　诗歌和剧本
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文节选自一部戏剧，讲述了法官断案的故事。迈克住在皮特开的餐厅楼上，能闻到菜肴的味道，所以皮特想让迈克为此付钱。法官很聪明地化解了这个问题，他让迈克把硬币扔在桌上，用硬币的声音付钱。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：________住在餐厅上面的房间。根据皮特所说的话“This man lives in a room above my restaurant.”可知迈克住在餐馆上面。故选B。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：皮特想从迈克那里得到________。根据文中法官说的话“how much do you want for these smells”和皮特说的话“The 5 coins he always carries.”可知皮特想要获得硬币。故选D。
3. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从材料中，我们能看到法官是________。根据前文可知皮特让迈克为菜肴的味道付钱，法官很聪明，让迈克把五个硬币依次放在桌上，用硬币的声音支付，所以法官很聪明、很明智。故选D。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：以上材料可能是________。文章主要讲述了一个法官断案的故事，有角色，有对话，应该是一场戏剧。故选A。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一首诗歌。通过描写工人、司机和医务工作者为我们所做的事，赞扬了在抗击疫情期间那些无私奉献的人们。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们不得不待在家里，因为________。根据第二句“When we had to stay at home to keep away from the illness...”可知，待在家里是为了避免感染疾病。故选D。
2. A　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据这首诗歌，司机是_________。根据第四句“When we needed all kinds of materials, you, drivers, drove them there without thinking twice...”可推知，司机是热心的。故选A。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：对于__▲__处，哪一个是最好的？根据下文“Looking after the patients in the hospital day and night.”以及照顾病人是医生和护士的职责可知。故选C。
4. A　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这首诗歌的目的是什么？根据诗歌最后的倒数第二、三句“You're the heroes of the times. You're the most beautiful in our hearts.”可知，这首诗歌表达对那些无私奉献的人们的赞美。故选A。
5. B　【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这首诗最好的标题是什么？通读这首诗歌可知，诗歌赞美了抗疫期间无私奉献的人们，在我们心中他们是最美丽的人。故选B。
分点训练四　议论文
话题1　观点看法
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者主要通过列举自己坚持写日记的经历来论证写日记带给人们的好处。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者过去擅长什么？根据第一段第二句“Although I was good at drawing, I wasn't the best in my art class.”可知作者过去擅长绘画。故选D。
2. B　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：划线单词“them”指的是什么？根据第二段第四句“Writing about bad feelings can also help brains get over them and move on.”可知记录坏情绪也能够帮大脑战胜这些坏情绪，继续往前走，本句中的“them”指代“bad feelings坏情绪”。故选B。
3. D　【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段主要讲了什么？根据第二段首句“Keeping a diary helps a lot.”并结合下文内容可知写日记好处很多，有助于睡眠和保持良好的情绪，帮助人们记住曾经发生的事情，也有利于人们更好地了解自己，维持良好的人际关系。所以本段主要介绍了写日记的好处。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。对于有人想把公园变成高尔夫球场这件事，作者在文中通过摆事实、讲道理来论证这种想法是错误的，目的是阻止这种想法变成现实。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：有些人想把公园变成________。根据第一段第三句“There's a park that some people want to turn into a golf course(高尔夫球场)．”可知有人想把一个公园改建成一个高尔夫球场。故选B。
2. C　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第四段，无处可去将使得一些孩子们________。根据第四段倒数第三句“This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise.”可知，孩子们因为无处可去只能待在家里玩电子游戏。故选C。
3. D　【解析】文章结构题。题干意为：下面哪一项表明了文章的结构？文章内容第一段提出问题“有人想把公园变成高尔夫球场”，第二至第五段具体阐述为何作者认为这种想法是错误的；第六段再次提出这种观点的错误并建议社区开会。由此可知，文章为总分总结构，其中第二至第五段为并列结构。故选D。
4. D　【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？从文章最后一段第二句“I suggest we have a community meeting before plans go any further.”可推知，作者建议开社区会议从而来阻止高尔夫球场的修建。故选D。
话题2　科技和网络
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。介绍的是随着移动技术的发展，我们可以用应用程序做任何事情：付账单、点餐和购物。但机遇与挑战并存。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：结合文章内容，科技如何辅助医疗？根据题干中的关键词 “technology help”可定位至文章第三段前两句“In addition, there are many patient websites. These allow for different kinds of interactions about our health needs without involving the medical team.”可知，医疗科技设备能使得病人足不出户就可以就医。也就是为病人提供一种方便的就医方式。故选B。
2. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第五段划线单词 “intuition”的意思可能是________。根据第五段第二句和第三句“A usual visit to a doctor begins with ...who can see and tell how a patient is doing. This may influence treatment effect.”可知，接待员对病人进行询问能够增加对病人病情的了解。故选A。
3. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章你能得知关于科技医疗的什么？根据文章第七段第二句“When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there's room for all kinds of stories to form in their minds—and also great worry.”可知，科技辅助下的医治容易造成病人的困惑与担忧。故选C。
4. D　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者可能赞同________。根据文章最后一段的最后两句 “Technology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects. Let's not allow our humanity to be one of them.”可知，作者认为科技是服务于人类的工具，它无法实现人与人之间温情的传递。故选D。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是媒体素养对青少年成长的重要性。目前许多青少年花费大量的时间看电视、网络和报纸，学生们很难区分信息的真实性，因此养成批判性思维，学习媒体素养非常重要。这篇文章旨在引起人们对媒体素养教育的重视，尤其是青少年自己，更应该注意培养这方面的能力。
1. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第一段，我们可以了解到现在的青少年花更多的时间________。根据第一段第二、三句“Many of them have watched thousands of hours of TV. That’s more time than they spend with teachers at school.”可知看电视比在学校学习花费的时间多。故选B。
2. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“lack”可能意思是________。根据下文“In other words, they have difficulty critically thinking about the information they see.”“换句话说，他们很难批判性地思考他们看到的信息”，可推知此处指的是他们缺乏媒体素养，故选A。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这个例子显示了一个有媒体素养的人关于新闻故事________。根据第三段最后两句“A person who has media literacy would realize that each story is about one side at this time. There is more going on.”可知，一个有媒体素养的人会意识到每个故事在此时都是一个方面，还有更多的事情在发生。可以推断一个有媒体素养的人会综合考虑，也就是说好的和坏的方面都要考虑，故选B。
4. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：凯文·约翰教授同意________。根据文章最后两句“But some basic ideas can be taught even earlier. ‘It's never too early to start learning media literacy，’John said.”可以推断教育青少年媒体素养越早越好。故选B。
5. C　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主旨是________。C项：为什么青少年应该有媒体素养。通过阅读文章可知主要讲述的是媒体素养教育对青少年的重要性。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者在一篇博客中，发表了自己对于机器人被用于英语课堂教学这一现象的看法以及四名网友对这一博客的评论。
1. A　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第一段中划线单词“invade”的意思可能是________。根据第一段第三句“From Korea to Japan to the United States, schools are putting English­speaking robots in front of their students.” 可知机器人即将进入我们的教室，所以划线单词的意思是“进入”。故选A。
2. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下面哪一句话放在第二段的____▲____最为恰当？根据第二段第二句“A teacher has to be able to respond to students as individuals(个体)．”和空格后“and a teacher has to change his or her teaching style to fit the needs of the student.”可知，此处指一个老师必须转变他或她的教学风格来适应学生的需求，因为学生们都是不同的，老师要做到因材施教。故选B。
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在四个评论中，________认为机器人能够给课堂上的学习者许多帮助。根据最后一段“Nancy says: I think robots might be very helpful in the classroom.”可知，Nancy认为机器人能够给课堂上的学习者很多帮助。故选D。
4. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者对于机器人教英语是什么态度？根据第二段第一句“I don't think a computer will ever be able to do what a teacher does.”和最后一句“I seriously doubt that a computer will ever be able to do this even though the big data(数据) is widely used in the world.”可知，作者认为即使大数据被广泛应用，机器人也不能做到老师在课堂上所做的事，所以对于机器人的英语教学，作者持怀疑态度。故选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了随着人工智能的发展，很多人担心人工智能会取代艺术家，文章通过分析告诉人们这种担心是没有必要的，艺术家们正利用人工智能给艺术世界带来改变。
1. C　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，人工智能现在不能________。根据第一段最后一句话和第二段第一句“Some people worry that AI might someday replace(替代) artists.” “But this worry seems to be unnecessary，at least for now.”可以推断人工智能现在不能代替艺术家。故选C。
2. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第三和第四段，下列哪一项是不正确的？根据第三段第四句“The project was led by Markus Buehler，an American musician and MIT professor(教授) of engineering.”可知，该项目由马库斯·比勒(Markus Buehler)领导，他是一位美国音乐家，也是麻省理工学院的工程学教授。所以D项描述和文章内容不相符。故选D。
3. A　【解析】近义词理解题。题干意为：第五段中划线短语“Apart from”可被________替代。根据下文中“AI can also take care of repetitive (重复乏味的)tasks for artists.”中的also，可以推测该词可以用besides代替。故选A。
4. C　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主旨是什么？根据文章内容可知主要介绍的是人工智能的发展不仅不能替代艺术家而且对艺术家有很大的帮助。故选C。
话题3　环境保护
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。通过两则人与动物之间的故事，告诉我们应该尊重大自然中的每一个生命。
1. D　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：________是猫的主人。根据第二段第一句“The first story is from Ray.”可知，第一个故事里讲到的是主人Ray和猫的故事。故选D。
2. C　【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第二段中画线单词“it”指代的是________。根据第二段倒数二、三句“It was my iPad, which I didn't realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor.He probably didn't know what it was...”可知这里的it指代的是iPad。故选C。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：鹦鹉“妈妈”没有回到野外因为________。根据第三段第三句“It lost one of her wings，so she was unable to return to the wild.”可知它的翅膀受了重伤了无法再飞。故选B。
4. D　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的主要内容是________。根据两则故事和最后一段最后一句“We should respect every life in the world.”可知我们应该尊重大自然中的每一个生命。故选D。
5. B　【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在报纸的哪个部分你可能会看到这篇文章？文章内容讲的是人和动物之间的故事。故选B。