2022届四川省邻水市高三上学期第三阶段考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届四川省邻水市高三上学期第三阶段考试英语试题含解析，共23页。
2022届四川省邻水市高三上学期第三阶段考试英语试题
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. Reading a book. B. Packing his things. C. Writing a report.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: May I have a word with you?
M: You’ve caught me at a bad time. I am writing a report and have to finish it within an hour.
W: You really like leaving things to the last minute.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How many dogs do the speakers own?
A. Seven. B. Six. C. Five.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I know we already have a lot of dogs, but this one is so cute! Can we please just get one more?
M: If we get one more, we’ll have six dogs! That’s way too many.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the speakers do?
A. They read a scary story.
B. They watched a scary movie.
C. They watched a funny movie.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】M: That story we just read was really scary, and now I can’t sleep!
W: Don’t worry. It wasn’t real. Just close your eyes, and you’ll fall asleep soon. I can put on a funny movie for us to watch.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When does the bank close usually?
A. 4:00 p.m. B. 4:30 p.m. C. 5:00 p.m.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me. What time does this bank close?
M: The bank itself closes at 4:00 p.m., but the ATM is open 24 hours a day.
W: That’s strange. Isn’t 4:00 p.m. a little early to close?
M: Well, there aren’t too many customers on Saturday, so we close an hour earlier than usual.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the girl probably talking to?
A. Her father. B. Her brother. C. Her teacher.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Will you tell Sam to give me back my pencil? I’m trying to do homework.
M: Sam, please give your sister back her pencil. You can get one in your mom’s office.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is the woman doing?
A. Reading a story.
B. Writing the ending of the story.
C. Finishing her homework.
7. What might the woman do next?
A Tell the man the storyline.
B. Invite the man to dinner.
C. Publish the book.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【详解】W: I’ve had enough of this book!
M: What’s wrong, Katie? Aren’t you almost finished?
W: I am, but I’ve been working on the last chapter for hours. I just can’t seem to get the ending right. The publisher will kill me if I don’t finish this book by the deadline.
M: Do you want to tell me about the storyline? Maybe I can help you think of a good ending.
W: That would be great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. How many shirts did the woman have washed?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
9. Who probably wears the medium-sized shirt?
A. The woman. B. The woman’s son. C. The woman’s husband.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hold on, sir. I think there’s been a mistake.
M: What’s the problem, madam?
W: This shirt isn’t mine. My husband’s shirts are all XXL, but this is a medium.
M: Let me take a look... The laundry list says three XXLs and one medium. It’s all correct.
W: Well, I guess I had one of my son’s shirts with me that day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. When did the woman have a long talk with her friends?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
11. Where did the woman have lunch with Janet?
A. A pub around the corner.
B. A nice restaurant near her company.
C. In her company’s cafeteria.
12. What did the man think of the woman’s afternoon?
A. It wasn’t bad. B. It was relaxing. C. It sounded boring.
【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, darling. Did you have a good day?
W: Not bad. The usual sort of things: meeting, phone calls, letters… you know, that sort of thing.
M: Did you see anybody interesting?
W: Well, my friends Chris and Carla came into the office this morning. We had a long talk.
M: Oh, really? What did you talk about?
W: Oh, this and that, you know.
M: I see
W: And then Janet turned up as usual, just when I was trying to finish some work.
M: So, what did you do?
W: I had lunch with her.
M: Sounds relaxing. Where did you go? Somewhere nice?
W: No, just the pub around the corner. Then in the afternoon, there was a meeting that went on for hours.
M: Sounds like a boring afternoon!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Why can’t the woman stand the man living upstairs?
A. He often knocks on her door.
B. He plays the piano until midnight.
C. He always borrows her things.
14. Who is Susan?
A. The woman’s former classmate.
B. The woman’s neighbor.
C. Jennifer’s former roommate.
15. What will the woman probably do next?
A Call Susan for help with her roommates.
B. Move into a new apartment.
C. Prepare for her exams.
16. What does the woman say about Susan?
A. She is a great girl.
B. She does well on exams.
C. She sleeps well every night.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Ivy, how do you like your new apartment?
W: Well, I wish I hadn’t moved in. The man who lives upstairs often plays the piano until midnight. I really can’t stand it.
M: Why don’t you ask him to stop?
W: I’ve tried, but it doesn’t work. What’s worse, he isn’t the only one that I cannot stand. The woman who lives next door often comes over to borrow things, but she never returns anything.
M: Then don’t lend her anything!
W: Now I don’t even open the door when she knocks. I’m afraid I’ll have to move again.
M: You can move in with my sister Susan. The girl who was sharing her apartment, Jennifer, has moved out, so she has an extra room now.
W: That’s great. Your sister is such a great girl. I’ll call her and move in with her as soon as possible. After all, I need to sleep well every night in order to do well on the coming exams.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. How many brothers and sisters did Grandma Moses have?
A. Five. B. Nine. C. Ten.
18. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing?
A. Housekeeping. B. Farming. C. Working at a local drugstore.
19. Why did Grandma Moses paint in her old age?
A. To pass the time. B. To make money. C. To exhibit her artworks.
20. When did Grandma Moses have her first exhibition in New York?
A. In 1930. B. In 1940. C. In 2000.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Grandma Moses is among the most well-known 20th-century painters of the United States, yet she had hardly started painting before she was in her late seventies. She was born on a farm in New York, one of five boys and five girls. At 12, she left home and worked as a housekeeper until she married Thomas Moses at 27. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York. Grandma Moses began to paint using oils in her old age because she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market, and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of those pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940, she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930s and her death, she produced some 1,600 pictures.
第二部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
第一节：四选一阅读
A
The Harvard Pre-College Program is a nice experience for high school students. Alongside peers(同辈)from around the world, you’ll be introduced to college life as you attend classes, live on campus, and enjoy fun outings and activities.
◆Learning without limits
Biology, physics, law, writing and philosophy — these are just a few of the 30-plus courses you can choose from in each session. In our noncredit classes, we set aside grades so that you can fully commit to your growth as a well-rounded student. Class sizes typically range from 14 to 18 students to encourage interactive learning.
◆Living at Harvard
When you attend the Pre-College Program, you’ll live in a historic undergraduate house, near Harvard Square. You will be with your fellow Pre-College students, resident directors, and proctors who provide support. You’ll also enjoy meals in one of Harvard’s dining halls, which are a short walk from Harvard Yard and provide many options for a variety of dietary needs.
◆Thriving outside the classroom
The summer Pre-College Program offers many mentally challenging co-curricular(补充课程的)activities beyond the classroom. With faculty and Harvard-affiliated experts, you will have the opportunity to participate in workshops on topics like the psychology of color-blindness, classic literature from around the world and science of happiness. From our Cambridge scavenger hunt to a trip to the Sand Sculpting Festival at America’s first public beach, there’s no shortage of fun activities in the Pre-College Program.
21. What do we know about the 30-plus courses?
A. You can only choose five of them.
B. They provide credits for students.
C. You should set aside other subjects.
D. They assist your full development.
22. Where can you enjoy meals during the program?
A. Near Harvard Square. B. Close to Harvard Yard.
C. In one of the workshops. D. In an undergraduate house.
23. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise meals. B. To comment on an activity.
C. To introduce a program. D. To recommend courses.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个针对高中生名为The Harvard Pre-College的项目，以及这个项目的具体食宿课程安排信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第二句In our noncredit classes, we set aside grades so that you can fully commit to your growth as a well-rounded student.可知30-plus课程更能够让你全身心地投入到你的成长中，成为一个全面发展的学生。即它们有助于你的全面发展。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句You’ll also enjoy meals in one of Harvard’s dining halls, which are a short walk from Harvard Yard and provide many options for a variety of dietary needs.可知你还可以在哈佛的一个餐厅用餐，这里离Harvard Yard很近，可以满足多种饮食需求。即你可以在靠近Harvard Yard的地方吃饭。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一句The Harvard Pre-College Program is a nice experience for high school students.以及文章主要内容为介绍The Harvard Pre-College项目可知，文章目的是为了介绍了一个项目。故选C。
B
At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.
Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at moat. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.
What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch(荷兰语) and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start o feel uneasy, In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds-nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.
In Japan. it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all. It's already a failure to understand each other by peaking because you’re repairing that failure by using word.
In the US， it may start from the history of colonial（殖民地的） America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference. it's hard to develop common understanding unless you talk and there’s understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally devoted to developing a common life. This applies also to some extent lo London.
In contrast, when there’s more homogeneity, perhaps it s easier or some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it's easier to sit in silence than with people you 're less well acquainted with.
24. Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?
A. The Dutch B. Americans
C. 'The English. D. The Japanese
25. What might the Japanese agree with in conversation?
A. Speaking more gives the upper hand
B. Speak out what you have in your mind.
C. Great minds think alike without words
D. The shorter talking silence, the better
26. What can we learn from the text?
A. A four-second silence in conversation is universal
B. It 's hand for Americans to reach n common agreement
C. English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.
D. The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears
27. What does the underlined word "homogeneity in the last paragraph mean?
A. Similarity B. Difference
C. Diversity. D. Misunderstanding
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。相比而言，亲密的朋友和家人之间更容易出现沉默。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most.”第三段最后两句“Research in Dutch (荷兰语)and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds---nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.”可知，日本人可能在谈话中有最长沉默。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段首句“In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all.”可知，在日本，一般认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵，无言而思”。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.”可知，亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。故选D。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文的举例可知，越亲密的人，越容易出现沉默，因此推断画线句句意是：相比而言，当有更多相似时，也许沉默更容易出现。故画线词意思与similarlity意义相近。故选A。
C
Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable component of all children’s education, according to new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University’s school of education, says that “enforced(强制的)silence” is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children’s natural ability. But she says that teaching children about the benefits of “enforced silence”,--- deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to focus and reflect in a stress-free environment--- can have a significant effect on pupils' concentration and behavior.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and pupils’ academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children’s exam results were cut by as much as a third if they were taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some educationalists claim that too much clutter(杂乱的东西)on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.
Dr. Lees said, “When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better self-confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person’s life and an individual's education is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit.”
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of “reflective silence” into the timetable.
Kevin head of Sheringdale Primary, has just introduced a minute’s silence at the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
28. What does the underlined word “suppress” in Para.2 mean?
A. Prevent B. Improve C. Apply D. Reveal
29. What is the function of Para.3 & 4?
A. To detail a living example.
B. To analyze causes and effects.
C. To introduce related information.
D. To clarify a confusing concept.
30. What can be inferred from the research on school settings?
A. Hot conditions may contribute to concentration.
B. Education without silence carries no significance.
C. Various factors could affect pupils’ academic performance.
D. Students are more active if taught in a noisy setting.
31. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Classroom settings determine academic ability.
B. Reflective silence counts in schooling.
C. Using enforced silence is effective punishment.
D. Enforced silence catches on across Britain.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明强制沉默是孩子教育的重要组成部分，它能提高学习成绩，使孩子更能集中注意力。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据““enforced(强制的)silence” is seen as a punishment”（强制沉默被看作一种惩罚），及其后的并列连词and，可知所猜单词的意思和前面的语气、语义是一致的。A项prevent（阻止）意思最为接近。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and pupils’ academic ability.”（在一系列研究中，这是建立课堂环境和学生学术能力之间联系的最新研究。）以及第四段“A study almost a decade ago in London found that children’s exam results were cut by as much as a third if they were taught in noisy classrooms.”（大约十年前，伦敦的一项研究发现，如果孩子们在嘈杂的教室里上课，他们的考试成绩会下降三分之一之多。），可知这两段都是在以一些实验研究为例，来说明“强制沉默”的好处和意义。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some educationalists claim that too much clutter(杂乱的东西)on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.”（教师工会还呼吁将教室温度限制在26摄氏度以内，因为教师和学生在炎热的环境下很难工作。一些教育学家声称，教室墙上杂乱的东西会妨碍孩子们集中注意力。），可知影响学生学习成绩的原因是多方面的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。文章在第一段引出了文章的说明主体“Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable component of all children’s education, according to new research.”（一项最新研究表明，鼓励学生把噪音控制在最低水平应该是所有孩子教育的重要组成部分。），其后，通过引用研究成果，引述专家言论等说明了课堂教学中的“沉默”的好处；文章倒数第二段“Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of “reflective silence” into the timetable. ”（英国已有数十所学校在课程表中加入了“沉思默读”的课程。）以及最后一段“The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.”（学校计划每天将其引入课堂教学中。）都在说明课堂中“沉默”的好处，以及一些学校已经开始实施。B项“Reflective silence counts in schooling.”（沉默在教学中很重要）符合文意。故选B项。
【点睛】词义猜测类题目的解题技巧：1.  利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜测词义；2.  利用定义或解释猜测词义；3.  利用举例说明猜测词义；4.  利用上下文猜测词义；5.  利用逻辑关系猜测词义；6.  利用构词法猜测词义。本篇第1题就是利用逻辑关系猜测词义。含有所猜单词的句子中有并列连词and，可知其前后表达的语气、语义和感情色彩应该是一致的。“and”前有punishment（惩罚），所以“and”后的单词或短语应该表达的语义是相同或相近的。故选A项。
D
Royal Dutch Shell is launching a $ 300 million forestry program, at a time when an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset (碳补偿) plans to meet climate goals. The company will spend the money over the next three years on projects to store carbon, including large forests in the Netherlands and Spain, and will start offering motorists the option of purchasing carbon offsets when they buy petrol at the pump.
The executives of the company explained that these carbon offset projects were a new business opportunity for Shell, as well as a way to meet its climate targets. “We believe that over time we will be building a business, because these carbon credits will become more valuable as carbon becomes more limited,” they said. Shell recently decided to cut its net carbon footprint by 2-3 percent in five years, which includes emissions from the products it sells. The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects, then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products , or apply the credits to its own operations to lower its carbon footprint.
Plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and restoring forests and other natural areas is considered one of the simplest ways to store carbon. However, the voluntary market for carbon credits based on forestry projects has its critics, as projects in developing countries can be hard to monitor. Shell's move has also been criticized by some environmentalists. They worried that there was a risk of “green wash” when companies invested in forestry projects. “There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not,” they said, pointing out that planting in one area could cause deforestation(滥伐森林) to another.
Shell said it would rely on the third party to ensure its forest program to meet the Voluntary Carbon Standard and strict biodiversity requirements. Mark Lewis, head of climate change investment research at BNP Paribas, said," Planting trees to offset emissions, as far as it goes, is a step in the right direction.
32. What is popular among oil companies these days?
A. Studying climate changes. B. Launching forestry programs.
C. Selling carbon credits. D. Working out carbon offset plans.
33. How will Shell make profits from its carbon offset projects?
A. By quitting the emissions of its products.
B. By commercializing carbon credits it produces.
C. By limiting the oil used by other companies.
D. By reducing its carbon footprint sharply.
34. What does the underlined word “green wash” in Para. 3 mean?
A. Discount. B. Cheat. C. Decline. D. Change.
35. What does the text imply about carbon offset projects?
A. They sharply reduce emissions. B. They will fail in developing countries.
C. They require broader monitoring. D. They contribute to deforestation.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了如今越来越多的石油公司正将资金投入碳补偿的项目中，以实现气候目标。其中包括荷兰皇家壳牌公司，通过将其生产的碳信用额投放市场，从碳补偿项目中获利，但同时也受到一些环保人士的批评。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Royal Dutch Shell is launching a $ 300 million forestry program, at a time when an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset (碳补偿) plans to meet climate goals.”荷兰皇家壳牌公司正在发起一个价值30亿美元的森林项目，在这段时间里，越来越多的石油公司把钱投入到碳补偿计划里来实现气候目标，可知，目前，许多石油公司正在制定碳补偿计划。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects, then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products , or apply the credits to its own operations to lower its carbon footprint.”（该公司计划从森林项目里减少碳信用额，然后把这些信用额卖给购买石油和天然气产品的消费者，或者把碳信用额用到自己的业务上来降低碳足迹）可知，壳牌公司通过把碳信用额投放在市场上来降低碳足迹。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“Shell's move has also been criticized by some environmentalists. They worried that there was a risk of “green wash” when companies invested in forestry projects.”和““There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not”可知，壳牌公司的举动也受到了一些环保人士的批评，他们担心公司投资林业项目会出现被骗的风险，因为他们接下来提出了疑问：林业项目是否真的可以降低排放，所以他们害怕被骗。所以可以推测出“green wash”是被欺骗的意思。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shell said it would rely on the third party to ensure its forest program to meet the Voluntary Carbon Standard and strict biodiversity requirements.”（壳牌公司说，要依赖第三方来确保森林项目可以满足碳标准和严格的生物多样化的要求）可知，要保障碳补偿的实施，需要第三方即更广泛的监管。故选C项。
第二节：七选五阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five Tips That Help You Fall Asleep Quickly
Lower the room temperature
Our body temperature changes when we fall asleep. Core temperature decreases, while the temperature of your hands and feet increases. ____36____. Setting your thermostat (恒温器)to a cool temperature between 15-23°C could help.
____37____
Waking up and going to bed at the same time each day can help your biological clock keep a regular schedule. Once your body adjusts to this schedule, it will be easier to fall asleep and wake up around the same time every day. So, set your alarm clock at the same time each day and go to bed at relatively the same time daily.
Turn off all electronics
____38____. Watching TV, playing video games, and using a mobile phone can make it significantly harder for you to fall and stay asleep. It is recommended that you disconnect all electronics and put away computers and mobile phones so you can ensure a quiet place, free of distractions (干扰物).
Read something
Reading could be a good activity to help you calm down before bed. ____39____. But electronic books may produce a kind of light that can make it harder for you to fall asleep. So it is recommended to read a physical book in order to relax and improve your sleep.
Exercise during the day
It is important to maintain a moderate-intensity (强度适中的)exercise routine. The time of the day when you exercise is also critical. To promote better quality sleep, working out early in the morning appears to be better than working out later in the day. ____40____.
A. Get on a schedule
B. Change your biological clock
C. Overtraining has been linked to poor sleep
D. Using electronic devices late at night is terrible for sleep
E. You might be hard to fall asleep if your room is too warm
F. It seems that bedtime reading may promote longer sleep for you
G. Therefore, moderate exercise in the morning could benefit your sleep
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助你快速入睡的五个技巧。
【36题详解】
根据本段小标题“Lower the room temperature（降低室温）”可知，本段讲述的是降低温度帮助快速入睡。E选项“You might be hard to fall asleep if your room is too warm（如果你的房间太暖和，你可能很难入睡）”符合题意，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文“Waking up and going to bed at the same time each day can help your biological clock keep a regular schedule.（每天在同一时间起床和睡觉可以帮助你的生物钟保持一个有规律的时间表。）”可知，本段讲述的是要制定一个有规律的时间表。A选项“Get on a schedule（制定时间表）”符合题意，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Watching TV, playing video games, and using a mobile phone can make it significantly harder for you to fall and stay asleep.（看电视、玩电子游戏和使用手机会让你难以入睡和保持睡眠。）”可知，本段讲述的是电子设备对睡眠的危害。D选项“Using electronic devices late at night is terrible for sleep（深夜使用电子设备对睡眠有害）”符合题意，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据前文“Reading could be a good activity to help you calm down before bed. （睡前阅读是帮助你平静下来的一项很好的活动。）”以及下文“But electronic books may produce a kind of light that can make it harder for you to fall asleep.（但电子书可能会产生一种光线，让你难以入睡。）”可知，前后有转折，可知这里描写的是睡前看书也是有要求的。F选项“It seems that bedtime reading may promote longer sleep for you（似乎睡前阅读可以促进你睡得更久）”符合题意，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据本段小标题“Exercise during the day（白天锻炼）”可知，本段讲述的是白天锻炼对睡眠的好处。G选项“Therefore, moderate exercise in the morning could benefit your sleep（因此，早上适度锻炼对睡眠有好处）”符合题意，故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
A tornado is a rotating ____41____of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.The most ____42____has winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.
Tornadoes can ____43____ cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the next street or ____44____ in the next town.They can take the fur____45____the back of a cat.They destroy houses，but ____46____the furniture inside exactly where it was.
____47____，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，____48____ about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925，____49____ three US states.By the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been _____50_____.
_____51_____ are strong tropical storms.They cause huge waves，heavy rain and_____52_____ and usually hit the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine.The_____53_____ hurricane of all time occurred in 1,900.The disaster killed 6,000 people in a _____54_____of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings.
Charles Coghlan，an Irish actor，_____55_____to New York and became famous there.Then he moved to Galveston，_____56_____ he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane_____57_____.The cemetery where he was _____58_____was destroyed by the hurricane and his coffin_____59_____ in the sea.Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the east of Canada.The Gulf Stream had _____60_____it 3,000 kilometers up the eastern US coast to Canada.Coghlan traveled to Canada after he had been buried in Texas!
41. A. mixture B. form C. movement D. column
42. A. important B. fascinating C. violent D. marvelous
43. A. pick up B. take up C. put up D. cut up
44. A. yet B. still C. even D. already
45. A. away B. on C. off D. out
46. A. leave B. keep C. put D. make
47. A. In common B. On average C. In fact D. At least
48. A. caused B. causing C. leading D. brought
49. A. affecting B. influencing C. attracting D. destroying
50. A. wounded B. injured C. claimed D. recovered
51. A. Hurricanes B. Tornadoes C. Earthquakes D. Storms
52. A. drought B. floods C. rainstorms D. currents
53. A. worse B. most C. worst D. least
54. A. area B. population C. region D. district
55. A. travelled B. moved C. visited D. returned
56. A. where B. there C. which D. on which
57. A. disappeared B. appeared C. struck D. caught
58. A. lying B. laid C. buried D. died
59. A. taken up B. ended up C. came up D. went up
60. A. carried B. brought C. taken D. sent
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. B 56. A 57. C 58. C 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了龙卷风和飓风的威力以及破坏性。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：龙卷风是一种从雷暴到地面的旋转的气柱。 A. mixture混合；B. form形式；C. movement运动；D. column柱状物。该句是对龙卷风下定义：龙卷风是一种柱状气旋。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最猛烈的风速超过每小时400公里。A. important重要的；B. fascinating迷人的，令人吃惊的；C. violent猛烈的；D. marvelous非凡的。第一段是对龙卷风的定义，其中最猛烈的风速高达400公里每小时。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：龙卷风可以卷走汽车、火车甚至房屋，把它们卷到下一条街道甚至下一个城镇。A. pick up捡起；B. take up占据；C. put up张贴；D. cut up切断。上文讲述了龙卷风的威力--时速高达400公里，可知其威力巨大，可以卷走车、火车甚至房屋。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：龙卷风可以卷走汽车、火车甚至房屋，把它们卷到下一条街道甚至下一个城镇。A. yet尚且，然而；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. already已经。此处是为了显示龙卷风的威力，可以把汽车、火车和房屋卷到另一个街道甚至城镇。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们可以吹掉猫背上的毛。A. away远离；B. on开着的；C. off离开，脱掉；D. out外面。根据上文，介绍了龙卷风的威力，此处仍热是以龙卷风可以吹掉猫背上的毛为例，显示龙卷风的威力。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们毁坏房屋，但把家具保留在原处。A. leave离开；B. keep保持；C. put放置；D. make制作。此处是用龙卷风可以吹走房屋，但是却仍能保持家具在原位为例，来说明龙卷风的威力。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：至少，美国每年有800次龙卷风，导致大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。A. In common共同；B. On average平均地；C. In fact事实上；D. At least至少。此处表示约数，估计美国每年平均有800次龙卷风。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，美国每年有800次龙卷风，导致大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。A. caused造成；B. causing造成；C. leading导致；D. brought带来。根据文意，此处意指龙卷风会导致多人死亡及受伤。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有史以来最严重的龙卷风发生在1925年，影响了美国的三个州。A. affecting影响；B. influencing影响；C. attracting吸引；D. destroying毁坏。根据句意，此处意指1925年的龙卷风造成了很大的影响。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到其结束时，已有超过700人死亡，2700人受伤。A. wounded伤害；B. injured受伤；C. claimed声称；D. recovered恢复。根据句意，此处意指龙卷风造成的巨大损失，超过2700多人受伤。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：龙卷风是一种强烈的热带风暴。A. Hurricanes飓风；B. Tornadoes龙卷风；C. Earthquakes地震；D. Storms风暴。根据下文“The____13____ hurricane of all time occurred in 1,900.”，可知此段描写飓风的相关信息。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们造成巨浪、暴雨和干旱，通常袭击美国东海岸，从德克萨斯州到缅因州。A. drought干旱；B. floods洪水；C. rainstorms暴风雨；D. currents水流。根据前文的“hugh waves”和“heavy rain”,可知飓风会造成洪涝灾害。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史上最严重的飓风发生在1900年。A. worse较糟的；B. most最多的；C. worst最糟糕的；D. least最少的。根据下句“he disaster killed 6,000 people in a ____14____of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings.”（这场灾难造成一个仅有37000人的地区6000人死亡，摧毁了三千六百幢建筑。），可知这是史上最为猛烈、最糟糕的飓风。故选C项。
54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场灾难造成一个仅有37000人的小镇6000人死亡，摧毁了三千六百幢建筑。A. area区域；B. population人口；C. region区域；D. district地区。此处意指史上最严重的飓风给一个仅有37000人的小镇造成了6000人的死亡。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱尔兰演员查尔斯·科格伦搬到纽约，并在那里成名。A. travelled旅游；B. moved搬家；C. visited访问；D. returned返回。 根据下文“Then he moved to Galveston，____16____ he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane____17____.”，可知查尔斯·科格伦搬到了纽约。故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查关系副词。句意：然后他搬到了加尔维斯顿，并于1899年去世，也就是飓风出现的前一年 A. where哪里；B. there那里；C. which哪一个；D. on which在…。分析句型可知，此处考查定语从句，从句句子结构完整，所以用关系副词，先行词为Galveston，所以用关系副词。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他搬到了加尔维斯顿，并于1899年去世，也就是飓风出现的前一年。A. disappeared消失；B. appeared出现；C. struck击打；D. caught抓住。根据句意，可知此处表示飓风袭击此地区的前一年，查尔斯·科格伦去世了。故选C项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他安葬的墓地被飓风摧毁了，他的棺材也被吹到了海洋里。A. lying躺；B. laid安置；C. buried埋葬；D. died死亡。根据下文“Coghlan traveled to Canada after he had been buried in Texas!”（科格伦在德克萨斯州下葬后飘到加拿大!），可知他被埋葬在了Galveston。故选C项。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他安葬的墓地被飓风摧毁了，他的棺材也被吹到了海洋里。A. taken up占据；B. ended up最终；C. came up出现；D. went up上升。 根据句意，此处意指棺材被飓风吹到了海里，一路飘到了加拿大。故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：墨西哥湾暖流将它沿美国东海岸带到了3000公里外的加拿大。 A. carried搬运；B. brought带来；C. taken带，花费；D. sent送。根据前句“Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the east of Canada.”（八年后，这具棺材在加拿大东部被渔民发现。），可知飓风把他的棺材吹到海里，顺着洋流飘到了加拿大。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ziqi, who lives in a village in Sichuan, has 103 videos to her credit, where her role varies from chef to gardener. These videos show her doing Sichuan’s ____61____ (tradition) local dishes, brewing peach blossom wine and making paper. And now she___62___ (regard) as an international influencer with 7. 72 million followers.
One of Li’s ___63___(aim) is to make people take a closer look at the beauty of nature. Misty mountains, drops on lotus (荷花) leaves and gurgling water are all elements in her videos,___64___ (create) a fairy-like effect. Her tidy yard even reminds people ___65___ a poem about pastoral life by Tao Yuanming (365-427), ____66____ famous poet in Chinese history.
The peaceful lifestyle she shows strikes a chord ___67___ (especial) with young people, few of ___68___ have the liberty to live life at their own pace. Li’s videos make them forget ____69____ (they) anxieties. Watching Li making the basic necessities of life from raw materials with her bare hands ___70___( make) them attain a sense of Zen (禅), helping them to find the direction to self development and contain the desire for worldly things.
【答案】61. traditional
62. is regarded
63. aims 64. creating
65. of 66. a
67. especially
68. whom 69. their
70. makes
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了生活在四川农村的网红李子柒的独特生活方式以及带来的影响。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。此处用形容词traditional作定语，修饰名词dishes，意思是“传统的地方菜”。故填traditional。
【62题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：现在她被认为是有国际影响的人。根据句意应用被动语态，又说的是现在的事情，所以是一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are done，主语是she，所以要用is regarded。故填is regarded。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：李的目标之一是让人们更仔细地欣赏自然的美。固定结构one of + 名词复数形式，意思是“……之一”。所以可数名词aim要用复数形式，故填aims。
【64题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：朦胧的群山，荷叶上的水滴和潺潺的流水都是她视频中的元素，结果创造了一种仙女般的效果。此处用现在分词creating作结果状语，是一种自然而然的结果。故填creating。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：她整洁的院子甚至让人想起了中国历史上著名诗人陶渊明关于田园生活的一首诗。固定词组：remind sb. of sth.(提醒某人某事)。故填of。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。此处是前面的名词Tao Yuanming的同位语，泛指“一位著名诗人”，应使用不定冠词，famous是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用a。故填a。
【67题详解】
考查副词。句意：她所表现出的和平生活方式引起了人们的共鸣，特别是年轻人。根据句意可知，此处用强调副词especially(特别)。故填especially。
【68题详解】
考查定语从句。这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是young people ，在从句中作主语，其中，又作介词of的宾语，所以要用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【69题详解】
考查代词。句意：李的视频让人们忘记了他们的焦虑。此处指代them，应使用物主代词their作定语，修饰名词anxieties。故填their。
【70题详解】
考查动词时态。此处描述的是目前的情况，应使用一般现在时；动名词短语Watching Li making the basic necessities of life from raw materials with her bare hands在句中作主语，make是谓语动词，当动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词要第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
【点睛】语法填空是带空的短文阅读，此题型要求结合文章内容填出单词。所填单词往往与文章的内容息息相关，因而解题前必须通读全文，对全文内容有一个整体的了解，从中获取文章的基本结构、体裁、主题及所使用的时态语态等信息。通读后再复读，边读边填词。填词时应特别要注意所填词的词性。其中较难的是动词，需根据其在句中的意思确定其正确的时态、语态及非谓语动词形式。例如第2题是一个被动语态的题，学生很容易忽视，很多时候只考虑到主动语态。第4题考查现在分词作结果状语，而能表示结果状语的有两种形式：一个是现在分词，是一种自然而然的结果；另一个是动词不定式，是表示意外的结果。通过分析本题可知，朦胧的群山，荷叶上的水滴和潺潺的流水都是她视频中的元素，那么创造了一种仙女般的效果就是一种自然的结果，所以要用现在分词作结果状语，故填creating。第10题考查的是时态。时态题最容易被忽略的就是一般现在时态的第三人称单数形式。本句又是一个长难句，主语很长，如果分不清句子结构，也很难判断出主语。此处描述的是目前的情况，应使用一般现在时；然后根据动名词短语Watching Li making the basic necessities of life from raw materials with her bare hands在句中作主语，make做谓语动词才能正确作答。当动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词要第三人称单数形式，故填makes。
第四部分 写作运用（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节：短文改错 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除
或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Lucy,
I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home on next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is a day for the elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people here. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing or playing games, which we hope will make us happy. We should back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. Unless you are able to come with us, please let us known and we’ll wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning.
Look forward to you reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1. 删除next前的on
2. a→the
3. here→there
4. or→and
5. us→them
6. 在back前加be/come
7. Unless→If
8. known→know
9. Look→Looking
10. you→your
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。这是一封邀请信，信中邀请对方在重阳节去敬老院拜访老人。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我想邀请你下周六重阳节和我们一起拜访附近的养老院。分析句子可知，“Saturday”前有“next”，此时不需要再加介词“on”。故删除next前的on。
2.考查冠词。句意：在我们的文化中，这是老年人的节日。根据句意可知，句中特指这一天是老年人的节日，由此可知，“day”前应用定冠词“the”修饰，表特指。故将a改为the。
3.考查副词。句意：我们将和那里的老人一起去包饺子和做蛋糕。根据句意可知，写信时并不在养老院，故应该是我们将和“那里”的老人一起去包饺子和做蛋糕，“here”意为“这里”，不符合语境，“there”意为“那里”，副词词性，符合语境。故将here改为there。
4.考查连词。句意：我们还将一起唱歌、跳舞和玩游戏，希望这能让他们开心。根据句意可知，句中“singing, dancing”和“playing games”为并列关系，应用连词“and”连接，“or”意为“或者”，表示选择关系，不符合句意。故将or改为and。
5.考查代词。句意：我们还将一起唱歌、跳舞和玩游戏，希望这能让他们开心。根据句意可知，我们和老人一起唱歌、跳舞和玩游戏，是为了让老人开心，“us”意为“我们”，不符合句意，应用代词“them”，意为“他们”，代指养老院的老人。故将us改为them。
6.考查固定短语。句意：我们应该在下午4点左右回来。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“be back”，意为“回来”，或用“come back”，意为“回来”，故应在“back”前加“be”或“come”。故在back前加be/come。
7.考查连词。句意：如果你能和我们一起去，请告诉我们，我们早上9点在门口等你。分析句子可知，句子为条件状语从句，根据句意可知，应用“If”引导从句，意为“如果”，“Unless”意为“除非，如果不”，不符合句意。故将Unless改为If。
8.考查固定短语。句意：如果你能和我们一起去，请告诉我们，我们早上9点在门口等你。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“let sb. do sth.”，意为“让某人做某事”，“let”后接动词原形，“known”的原形为“know”，意为“知道”。故将known改为know。
9.考查固定句型。句意：期待你的回复。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型“Looking forward to…”，意为“期待…..，盼望…..”，为“I’m looking forward to…”省略了“I’m”，“look forward to…”为动词短语，前面需要加主语。故将Look改为Looking。
10.考查代词。句意：期待你的回复。分析句子可知，句中“reply”为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，“you”对应的形容词性物主代词为“your”，意为“你的，你们的”。故将you改为your。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
72. 昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传，内容包括：
1. 展览时间、地点；
2. 观展感受；
3. 推荐观展。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】
ln order to enrich students’ after-school life ,an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school , which sparks a growing love for traditional art .The exhibition is held on the first floor of the school litrary.Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also enable you understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. The exhibition will last for two weeks,every student is welcome to visit.



【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇关于学校举办的学生国画作品展的宣传稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
绘画：drawing→ painting
激发：spirit→spark
欣赏：appreciate→admire
欢迎：greet→welcome
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：
The exhibition will last for two weeks,every student is welcome to visit.
合并句：
The exhibition will last for two weeks,during which every student is welcome to visit.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school , which sparks a growing love for traditional art .本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句。

【高分句型2】
Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句。
【高分句型 3】
Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures,but also enable you understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. not only...but also连接的并列句。