高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案设计

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案设计，共4页。
Grammar——过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态
1．Prir t cming t China, my nly experience with Chinese cking was in America, with Chinese fd that had been changed t suit American tastes.
2．When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went lking fr a gd place t eat in Beijing.
3．A Sichuan restaurant had been recmmended t us by a friend, and finally, we fund it.
4．... s the chef just began filling ur table with the best fd we had ever eaten.
[我的发现]
以上句子的时态皆为过去完成时；其中主动语态有：句2、4；被动语态有：句1、3。
一、构成
They had already had breakfast befre they arrived at the htel.
他们到达旅馆前已经吃过早饭了。
He tld me that there had been an argument between them.
他告诉我他们之间发生了争执。
They said that prductin csts had been reduced.
他们说生产成本降低了。
eq \a\vs4\al([即时演练1]) 句型转换
①They had cleaned the classrm befre the teacher came.
→The classrm had been cleaned befre the teacher came.(变为被动语态)
②She had finished writing the cmpsitin by 10：00 this mrning.
→She had nt finished writing the cmpsitin by 10：00 this mrning. (变为否定句)
→Had she finished writing the cmpsitin by 10：00 this mrning? (变为一般疑问句)
→Wh had finished writing the cmpsitin by 10：00 this mrning？(对句中主语she提问)
二、用法
1．一件事情发生在过去，而另外一件事情先于它发生(即“过去的过去”)，那么发生在前的动作要用过去完成时。
He said that he had been abrad fr 3 years.
他说他在国外待了3 年了。
2．hpe，expect，mean，intend，want，suppse的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。
I had hped t see mre f Shanghai.
我本希望在上海多看看。(但未能如愿)
3．一些固定句型中
(1)在“hardly/scarcely/barely ... when ...”和“n sner ... than ...”句型中，when和than从句中用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，当否定副词放在句首且用倒装时，表示“刚刚……就……”。
Hardly had I gt hme when the rain pured dwn.
我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下。
(2)在“It was the first/secnd ( ...) time that ...”中，that从句的谓语动词使用过去完成时。
It was the first time that we had been intrduced at the cnference.
这是第一次我们在会议上被别人介绍。
(3)在“主语＋was/were＋the＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句”中，从句的谓语动词常常使用过去完成时。
It was the best bk I had ever read.
这是我读过的最好的一本书。
eq \a\vs4\al([即时演练2]) 单句语法填空
①I had intended (intend) t call n yu but I was t busy then.
②We hurried t the statin nly t find that the train had left (leave).
③A week passed when she realised that the parcel had been sent (send) t the wrng address.
④N sner had (have) the by spken these wrds than the warden hit him n the head with the sup spn.
⑤It was the best film that had been directed (direct) by him.
⑥It was the first time that they had enjyed (enjy) such a wnderful perfrmance.
cntribute t ... 为……做出贡献；向……捐款；促成，造成；有助于，导致
(教材p.28)Italy, Greece, and Spain are famus fr their lives, figs, and ther ingredients, which have all cntributed t centuries f cuisine develpment.
意大利、希腊和西班牙以橄榄、无花果和其他食材而闻名，这些食材都为几百年的烹饪发展做出了贡献。
(1)cntribute t ding sth 有助于做某事
cntribute mney t the fld­striken area
向洪灾区捐款
cntribute time t the activity把时间花在活动上
cntribute articles t the magazine给杂志社撰稿
(2)cntributin n.贡献；捐赠；投稿
make a cntributin/cntributins t 为……做出贡献
(3)cntributr n.捐赠者
[佳句]
Many factrs cntributed t the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an eclgist wh was the lead authr f the study.
这项研究的主要作者、生态学家帕特里克·麦金泰尔说，很多因素导致了这种下降。
[练透] 写出cntribute t在下列句子中的意思
①Arts cntribute t cultural develpment when peple gather tgether t share their experience.有助于
②I believe that each f us can cntribute t the future f the wrld.为……做出贡献
③It is an hnr t be invited t cntribute t yur magazine.给……投稿
[写美] 翻译句子
④为祖国做贡献是我们的责任。
It is ur respnsibility t cntribute t/make cntributins t ur mtherland.
⑤积极的情绪不仅有助于成功，还有助于我们获得幸福感。
Psitive emtins nt nly cntribute t success, but als cntribute t ur sense f happiness.
[点津] “导致，引起”的多种表达：cause, result in, bring abut, lead t
主动语态
被动语态
肯定形式
had dne
had been dne
否定形式
had nt dne
had nt been dne
一般疑问句
had＋主语＋dne
had＋主语＋been dne
特殊疑问句
疑问词＋had＋主语＋dne
疑问词＋had＋主语＋been dne