高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案，共16页。
Reading and ThinkingThe culture of food and dining in the West is a little different from that in China.The proper Western dinner at a fine restaurant is one of manners, focusing on conversation.You are expected to have knowledge of table manners such as what folk or knife to use as these are essential in Western dining.The meal would consist of several courses including a soup or salad, an appetizer, the main dish, and a dessert.The atmosphere will be filled with light music that would only serve as background as people converse with each other.The decorations are usually sparse and are only meant to highlight the atmosphere that is being created by the music.This type of dining is different from the dining experience in most restaurants in China.However, with the increase in internationalism, more restaurants are opening which reflect the more Western dining style.The Chinese people, now more affluent and knowledgeable about international customs, are beginning to join in this dining experience.This is not to say that people have given up the deep richness in culture that Chinese food represents.It only means that more choices and tastes are becoming available to population.This represents a significant improvement as it will change the perception that the height of Western dining is fast food.As cultural communication expands, knowledge of Western food will improve.[理解]　(True or False)1．The proper Western dinner at a fine restaurant focuses on conversation.(T)2．Chinese people have given up the deep richness in culture that Chinese food represents.(F)3．If cultural communication expands, knowledge of Western food will improve.(T)[积累] 1．essential adj.　　　　　　　 必要的，本质的2．consist of 由……组成(或构成)3．appetizer n. 开胃菜4．atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围5．sparse adj. 稀少的，稀疏的6．highlight v. 突出，强调7．reflect v. 反映，反射8．affluent adj. 富裕的，丰富的9．significant adj. 重要的，有意义的10．perception n. 感觉，知觉，洞察力Section ⅠReading and Thinking①cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪②Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin让·安泰尔姆·布里亚­萨瓦兰(法国美食家)③put more simply更简单地说④prior adj.先前的；优先的prior to在……之前的⑤consist vi.consist of由……组成(或构成)⑥pepper n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉⑦authentic adj.真正的；真实的⑧recipe n．烹饪法；食谱⑨on the other hand 另一方面bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的⑪recommend vt.推荐；介绍⑫order v．点菜⑬chef n．厨师；主厨⑭peppercorn n．胡椒粒⑮vinegar n．醋⑯stuff vt.填满；把……塞进n．东西；物品⑰slice n．(切下的食物)薄片vt.把……切成薄片slice ... off切下⑱onion n．洋葱；葱头⑲Kazak adj.哈萨克族的n．哈萨克族人⑳Inner Mongolian内蒙古人lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊lamb kebab烤羊肉串elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的dim sum n．点心(中国食品)exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的CULTURE AND CUISINE①The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin② once wrote, “Tell me what you eat[1], and I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply③， this means “You are what you eat．[2]” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However, Brillat­Savarin was actually referring to our personality, character, and culture.Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior④ to coming to China[3], my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes[4]. For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists⑤ of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce[5], flavoured with hot red peppers⑥. This is probably not an authentic⑦ Chinese recipe⑧， however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand⑨， it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple flavours. And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods.[6][3]形容词短语位于句首，作时间状语。[4]关系代词that引导定语从句修饰先行词food。[5]关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词General Tso's chicken。[6]这是一个主从复合句；从属连词since在句中引导原因状语从句；连接词that引导宾语从句作动词tells的宾语。Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended⑪ to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese[7], we had no idea how to order⑫， so the chef⑬ just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten[8]. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste：Sichuan peppercorns⑭. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.[9][7]and连接形容词短语和现在分词短语，放于句首作状语。[8]这是一个定语从句，省略关系代词that，修饰先行词food。[9]并列连词but连接两个分句；在第二个分句中连接代词what引导主语从句；offered us是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词friendship。We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar⑮[10]. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest — joining in to help [11]. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed⑯ with sliced⑰ Chinese green onions⑱[12].[10]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词dumplings。[11]关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词North China。[12]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语pancake rolls。Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak⑲ and Inner Mongolian⑳. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab[13].Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went[14], we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers— to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.文化与美食法国作家让·安泰尔姆·布里亚­萨瓦兰曾写道：“告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是什么样的人。”更简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来。然而，布里亚­萨瓦兰实际上指的是我们的个性、品格及文化。当然，从很多方面来看，此话不假。中国菜就是个很好的例子。来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。然而，这或许并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能让我们对中国人了解多少。另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。例如，这道菜说明美国人喜爱浓烈、简单的口味。此外，由于这道菜也是新发明，说明美国人不惧怕尝试新的菜品。后来，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。我与家人刚刚抵达中国，便在北京找一个好地方吃饭。一位朋友之前向我们推荐过一家川菜馆，最终我们找到了这家餐馆。我们又累又饿，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。于是，我们高高兴兴地体验了一种全新的口味：四川花椒。食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。不久，我们到了位于华北东部的山东省。在那里我最喜爱的食物是蘸着醋吃的水饺。我发现那里的人都很重视家庭。水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物；包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。后来，我了解到山东最有名的美食是煎饼卷大葱。随后，我们又到了新疆北部。我们的一些朋友是哈萨克族人和内蒙古人。传统上，他们骑着马在广阔的草原上漫步。因此，他们的传统食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如烤羊肉串。接着，我们前往华南，之后又去了华中。我们每到一处，都会品尝当地美食，有广东的精致点心——那是放在竹蒸笼里蒸出来的小份食品，还有河南独特的烩面。所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。然而，有一件事始终不变：每个地方的中国人都通过食物展现友情与善意。minimum n．最小值；最少量adj.最低(限度)的；最小的consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗temper n．脾气；火气At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.[15] Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours [16] are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say[17], however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.[15]这是一个主从复合句；定语从句local people consume修饰先行词food；句中三个what引导的宾语从句作动词tell的宾语。[16]关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。[17]连接代词what引导主语从句。当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。例如，我们是否也能这样推断，喜欢重口味的人性格粗犷？抑或喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气火暴？也许是的，也许又不是。但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。Step One：Pre­reading 1．What do you often have for breakfast and supper?Answers may vary.2．Do you know the three kinds of functional food?Energy­giving foods, body­building foods; protective foods.Step Two：While­readingⅠ.Read for the main idea1．What's the main idea of the passage?A．What people eat is related to their culture.B．Chinese foods are delicious.C．Americans are bold to try new foods.D．What you eat reflects your health state.答案：A2．Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1　 A．eating in BeijingPara.2   B．food in Shandong ProvincePara.3    C．the introduction of the topicPara.4    D．America's most popular Chinese dishPara.5    E．culture and cuisine go hand in handPara.6    F．food in South China and central ChinaPara.7    G．food in northern Xinjiang答案：Paras.1～7　CDABGFEⅡ.Read for detailsRead the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1．Why does the author cite “You are what you eat” in Paragraph 1?A.To introduce the theme of the article.B．To persuade people to eat healthy food.C．To show the impact of food on health.D．To prove culture has little to do with cuisine.2．What does the author think of General Tso's chicken tasted in America?A．It is delicious.B．It is not authentic.C．It is too spicy.D．It shows Chinese culture.3．What impressed the author and his family more in a Sichuan restaurant?A．The spicy food they ate.B．Sichuan peppercorns.C．The friendship they felt.D．The new experience.4．What does the author find from eating dumplings in Shandong?A．Dumplings have to be eaten with vinegar.B．Dumplings are the most popular in Shandong.C．Everyone in Shandong can make dumplings.D．Making dumplings is a family affair.5．What does the author find different people in China have in common?A．They are all particular about food.B．They are all good at making food.C．They all show friendship and kindness.D．They are all proud of their food and culture.答案：1～5　ABCDCⅢ.Read for the structureRead the passage again and fill in the blanks.Step Three：Post­readingⅠ.课文语法填空The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat ，and I will tell you what you are”， 1.which means “You are what you eat.” In fact，Brillat­Savarin was actually 2.referring (refer) to our personality，character，and culture.In many ways，this seems to be true.Chinese cuisine is a case in point.China is a country with vast 3.areas (area) and a large population.So the food is as 4.varied (vary) as the people.For example，people in Shandong like boiled dumplings 5.served (serve) with vinegar，because the process of making dumplings can bring the family members together.6.Traditionally (traditional)，people in Xinjiang spent most of their time on horse backs, and that is 7.why they prefer their food to 8.be cooked (cook) over an open fire.In conclusion，through food，Chinese people everywhere show their culture as well as their friendship and 9.kindness (kind).So what we can say is that culture and cuisine go hand 10.in hand, and if you do not experience one，you can never really know the other.Ⅱ.讨论Do you think “culture and cuisine go hand in hand”？ Give your reasons.Yes, I think so.Different cuisines are created depending on different weather, produce, religion and other factors.These are important components of culture.Ⅲ.长难句分析1．Put more simply，this means “You are what you eat.”[句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。Put more simply为过去分词短语在句中作状语；this 指代上文中的“Tell me what you eat，and I will tell you what you are.”。what引导表语从句。[自主翻译]　更简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。2．On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans.[句式分析]　本句为强调句，强调谓语。在英语句式中，若对谓语进行强调时，则在其前根据具体情况加上do/does/did，谓语动词用原形。[自主翻译]　另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.[句式分析]　该句是由so连接的两个并列分句组成的。在第一个分句中，Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese作状语，表示当时“我们”所处的状态。在第二个分句中，we had ever eaten为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词food。[自主翻译]　我们又累又饿，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。4．Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。句中that引导宾语从句；stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions为过去分词短语作定语，修饰pancake rolls，相当于定语从句which are stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions。[自主翻译]　后来，我了解到山东最有名的美食是煎饼卷大葱。Ⅰ.重点单词1．Chinese cuisine 中国菜2．prior approval 优先批准3．a minimum price 最低价格4．shake some pepper onto the sandwich 在三明治上撒一些胡椒粉5．secret recipe 秘方6．as bold as brass 脸如城墙厚；极其胆大妄为7．a professionally­trained chef 受过职业培训的厨师8．fruit vinegar 果醋；水果醋9．a large slice of  一大部分10．lose one's temper  发脾气；发怒；生气11．a strict vegetarian diet 一种严格的纯素饮食12．junk food 垃圾食品13．The bag was stuffed (stuff) with dirty clothes.14．He was elegantly (elegant) dressed in a grey suit, blue shirt, and paisley tie.15．At the age of five he showed exceptional (exception) talent as a musician.16．Consumption (consume) rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies.[掌握规律 巧记单词]exception n．例外；特殊＋­al→exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的例：addition n．加法；添加物→additional adj.另外的；额外的；附加的internation n．国际→international adj.国际的 Ⅱ.重点短语1．They can also refer to (指的是) pop culture and new cultural trends.2．If a person places money prior to (在……之前) anything else, it's very likely that he could not enjoy the happiness in life.3．Fishermen sliced the fin off (把……切下) the shark and tossed the creature back into the water to die.4．When we are under stress our bodies tend to (倾向于) tense up.5．The committee consists of (由……组成) ten members.6．One of these key dynamics is that your career will always go hand in hand (和……紧密相关) with the amount of value you create in the marketplace.Ⅲ.典型句式1．[教材原句]　Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.”更简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。[句式分析]　过去分词(短语)作状语。[佳句仿写]　我的家乡四面环山，空气清新，环境优美。Surrounded by mountains, my hometown has fresh air and fantastic environment.2．[教材原句]　On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。[句式分析]　do/does/did 强调谓语。[佳句仿写]　前几天确实发生了一起可怕的交通事故。An awful traffic accident did happen the other day.3．[教材原句]　Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.我们又累又饿，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。[句式分析]　形容词(短语)作状语。[佳句仿写]　由于刻苦又认真，他很快取得了骄人的成绩，并一度成为热点人物。Hard working and serious, he quickly achieved remarkable results and at one point became a hit.4．[教材原句]　Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.后来，我了解到山东最有名的美食是煎饼卷大葱。[句式分析]　过去分词(短语)作定语。[佳句仿写]　政府已经采取一些有效措施清理被日常垃圾污染的河流。The government has taken some effective measures to clean the river polluted by daily waste．1．consist of 由……组成(或构成)(教材p.26)For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。consist in　　　　　　　　　　　 在于，存在于consist with＝be consistent with     与……一致[佳句]The performances of the circus consist of monkeys swinging and tigers jumping through the burning rings.马戏团的表演包括猴子荡秋千和老虎跳火圈。[辨析]　[练透]　单句语法填空①Listening is thus an active, not a passive behavior consisting (consist) of hearing，understanding and remembering.②The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.③The results are entirely consistent (consist) with our earlier research.用适当的介词填空④Life mainly consists of  happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with reality.[写美]　补全句子⑤Five people make up the team; in other words, the team consists of/is made up of five people.五个人组成了这支队伍；换句话说，这支队伍由五个人组成。[点津]　由consist组成的几个短语consist of/in/with都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。2．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗(教材p.27)At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。(1)consume away　　　　　　 毁灭，毁掉be consumed with 为(某种思想)而不断受折磨(2)consumer n. 消费者consumption n. 消费[佳句]We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it.不能创造幸福的人没有权利享受幸福，正如不能创造财富的人没有权利享受财富一样。[练透]　单句语法填空①These animals consumed (consume) large amounts of vegetation, which reduced plant diversity in the park.②He sketched out plans to give consumers (consume) more affordable choices.③The book has described the problems of excessive energy consumption (consume).④The fire soon consumed away the wooden buildings.[写美]　补全句子⑤As we all know, fat people consume more energy than slim people.众所周知，胖的人比瘦的人消耗更多的能量。[点津]　多种“吃”法consume侧重痛痛快快地吃得一干二净，可用于人和动物。 eat普通用词，使用广泛。既可用于人，也可用于动物。 dine正式用词，既可用于一日三餐中的任何一餐，也可以用于特殊的用餐。 have可与eat换用，但强调一次性的动作。 swallow主要指吃的整个过程的第二部分“咽”，并常指咀嚼得匆匆忙忙地吃。3．temper n．脾气；火气(教材p.27)Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper?抑或喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气火暴？in a bad temper　　　　　　 发怒，发脾气keep/lose one's temper 忍住/发脾气out of temper 发火的，发怒的fly into a temper 勃然大怒[佳句]She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.她对一位顾客发了脾气，冲着他大喊大叫。[练透]　单句语法填空①Her boss would fly into a temper if a project wasn't done on time.②I was in a bad temper last night.[写美]　补全句子③She lose her temper and looked at him with eyes flashing angrily.她发火了，并且愤怒地看着他。[句型公式]　形容词(短语)作状语(教材p.26)Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.我们又累又饿，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。形容词(短语)作状语，表示方式、伴随、原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、状态、态度等。[佳句]For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.她呆呆地在那儿站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。[练透]　单句语法填空①Hearing the news, she stood there, surprised (surprise).②He, cold and hungry (hunger), spent seven days in the wind and snow.[写美]　补全句子③After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired．长途旅行后，他们三人回到家，又饿又累。