中考英语总复习语法专项复习—非谓语动词课件

这是一份中考英语总复习语法专项复习—非谓语动词课件，共24页。PPT课件主要包含了语法知识导览，语法精讲精练，核心素养提升，· 1 ·，· 2 ·，· 3 ·，· 4 ·，知识拓展，· 5 ·，小试牛刀等内容，欢迎下载使用。
知识点 1 动词不定式 1. 动词不定式的构成。 基本形式：t +动词原形。 否定式：nt t +动词原形，有时可以不带 t。 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，有语态变化，可以和自己的宾语、状语构成动词不定式短语。
2. 动词不定式的基本用法。 动词不定式可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语（表示目的、结果、原因），以及和疑问词连用构成不定式短语充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语和表语。 （1）不定式作主语时，往往用形式主语 it 代替，而将真正的主语放在句末，避免句子头重脚轻。 （2）不定式一般用在及物动词后作宾语。其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置。 常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词（动词＋t d sth.）：agree，affrd，wuld， like，decide，expect，hpe/，wish，want，learn，manage，begin，prepare， prmise，pretend，plan，refuse
（3）作宾语补足语。 ①在“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构中，不定式作宾语补足语。变为被动语态时，宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语。 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 （动词＋sb. t d sth.）：tell，ask， invite，warn，want，teach，allw，frce，expect，help，advise，persuade。 ②使役动词 let，make，have 和表示感官的动词 see，hear，watch，ntice，feel等后要用不带 t 的不定式作宾语补足语。但当上述动词变为被动语态时，其后的 t 要补上。 （4）动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰的名词的后面，作后置定语。 （5）不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的和结果等。
知识点 2 动名词 1. 基本形式：动词-ing，它与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质。 2. 基本用法。 （1）动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数 （2）作宾语。 ①动词 enjy，practice，finish，mind 等后接动名词作动词宾语。 ②短语be interested in，be prud f，be wrth，give up 等后接动名词作介词宾语。 （3）通常单个动名词位于名词前，作前置定语；动名词短语则作后置定语。 （4）表示主语具有抽象名词特性，作表语。
3. 常见接动名词的词汇短语或句型。 接动名词的词汇：avid，cnsider，enjy，finish，imagine，keep，mind，suggest， practice。 接动名词的词短语或句型： be busy (in) ding sth. 忙于做某事 be wrth ding sth. 值得做某事 be/ get used t ding sth. 习惯于做某事 can’t/ culdn’t help ding sth. 情不自禁做某事 keep n ding sth. 继续做某事 lk frward t ding sth.期待做某事
spend sme time (in) ding sth. 花费时间做某事 give up ding sth. 放弃做某事 feeling like ding sth. 想做某事 miss ding sth. 错过做某事 What d yu think f ding sth.? 你认为做某事怎么样？ Hw/ What abut ding sth.? 做某事怎么样？ Thanks fr ding sth. 感谢做某事。 Wuld yu mind (sb/ ne’s) ding sth.? 你介意（某人）做某事吗？ There is n need/ use/ harm (in) ding sth. 做某事没有必要/没有用/无妨。
一、单项选择1. Nw the Chinese gvernment has made laws ______ wild animals. A. prtect B. prtects C. t prtect D. prtected2. My Chinese teacher ften asks me ______ ntes while reading a bk. A. take B. takes C. taking D. t take3. —What d yu think f Hangzhu? —It’s very beautiful! Many peple expect ______ it during hlidays. A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. t visit
4. They want ______ a ftball match. A. nt watch B. watch C. t watch D. watching5. Teachers expect all their students ______ prgress day by day. A. t make B. making C. t take D. take6. I’ve just watched a TV prgramme abut space. I hpe ______ n the mn ne day. A. walk B. walked C. walking D. t walk7. During the utbreak f COVID-19, ur gvernment d what they can ______ us frm the virus. A. prtect B. t prtect C. prtecting D. prtected
8. Wang Lei is lking frward t ______ the best high schl in September. A. refusing B. playing C. reading D. entering9. We shuld avid ______ mistakes all the time. A. make B. making C. made D. t make10. It’s imprtant fr us ______ a healthy lifestyle. A. t keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept11. They ffered curses ______ students knw the imprtance f prtecting the Yellw River. A. help B. helped C. helps D. t help
12. He spent tw hurs ______ his mther with husewrk last Sunday. A. helping B. helped C. t help D. help13. ______ the prject as planned, they need t wrk tw mre hurs a day. A. T finish B. Finishing C. Finish D. T be finished14. —Lk! Kangkang, that ld man is crssing the crsswalk. —Jane, let’s ______ him. A. helps B. t help C. helping D. help15. We’d better fllw the seven-step hand-washing methd ______ healthy. A. t keep B. keep C. keeping D. keeps
16. The dctrs and nurses managed ______ the lives f patients, thugh they didn’t have enugh medicine. A. save B. saving C. t save D. t saving17. We shuld d what we can ______ thse peple wh are in truble. A. t help B. helping C. helped D. help18. —In my pinin, animals shuldn’t be kept fr fun. —I think s. Frests are the best places fr animals ______. A. live B. living C. t live D. t live in
19. —Daniel, d yu knw that bees never get lst? —Yes. Bees always remember ______ the same way as they went. A. cme back B. came back C. cming back D. t cme back20. —Why d many farmers put their prducts nline these days? —______ them mre easily. A. T sell B. Sell C. Selling D. Sld
二、词形变换根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1. I miss my grandfather very much. I’m lking frward t ________(visit) him sn.2. —What are yu ging t d with the clthes? —Sme clthes will be given t the pr and the thers will be sent t the factries fr ________(recycle).3. The teacher asked Ben __________(answer) a questin in class. 4. Tuched by the dctrs and nurses in Wuhan, Li Ming wants ________(be) a dctr when he grws up. 5. T keep healthy， we shuld pay attentin t ________(wear) masks and washing hands.
The dctr warns Jack ______ stp ______ because it is bad fr his health.A. t; smking B. nt; t smke C. t; t smke D. nt t; smking
分析与解答 本题考查动词不定式。句意：医生告诫Jack要戒烟，因为这对他的健康有害。smking，动名词；t smke，动词不定式。第一空考查固定用法：warn sb. t d sth.，意为“告诫某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据语境，可知是“要戒烟”，排除B、D选项；第二空考查固定搭配stp ding sth.，意为“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语，若是stp t d sth.，动词不定式作宾语，则意为“停下来去做某事”。根据语境，可知此处应是“停止吸烟”。
知识点 1 动词不定式
小试牛刀1. Lenard DiCapri, a famus American actr, was always expecting ______ an Oscar and finally he made it. A. t win B. winning C. nt t win D. nt winning2. —What des the sign mean? —It tells us ______ in public. A. didn’t smke B. dn’t smke C. nt t smke D. nt smke
Frank and his friends had great fun ______ vlleyball n the beach yesterday.A. play B. playing C. t play D. nt t play
分析与解答 此题考查动名词。句意：Frank和他的朋友昨天在沙滩上打排球打得很开心。play玩，动词原形；playing动词的ing形式；t play，动词不定式；nt t play，动词不定式的否定形式。have great fun ding sth.意为“做某事玩得很高兴”，其后应接动词-ing形式故空格处应填playing。
知识点 2 动名词
小试牛刀1. I enjy __________(think) f ways t help peple in need.2. When I saw my father ______ fr me n a cld winter night, I culdn’t keep back my tears. A. wait B. waited C. waiting D. t wait
知识拓展 it 代替不定式作形式主语的句型： ① It is ＋形容词＋f/ fr sb. t d sth.意为“某人做某事真是太……了/ 对某人来说做某事怎么样”。 ② It’s ne’s turn t d sth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”。 ③ It takes/ tk sb. sme time t d sth.意为“某人花(了)多长时间做某事”。
知识拓展 动词不定式的特殊句型： ① t…t… 意为“太……而不能……”。 ② …enugh t… 意为“……足够……”。 ③ Why dn’t yu ＋省略 t 的不定式？/ Why nt ＋省略t的不定式+？意为“你为什么不……？”。 ④ had better (＋ nt )＋省略 t的不定式，意为“最好(不)做……”。 ⑤ Will/ Culd/ Wuld yu please ＋省略 t 的不定式+？意为“请你做……好吗？”。 ⑥ prefer t d sth. rather than d sth. 意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。
知识拓展 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词