初中英语常考词汇


初中英语常考词汇及其词形变化
一、 基数词与序数词。

1. one-first once
2. two-second twice
3. three-third
4. five-fifth
5. eight-eighth
6. nine-ninth
7. ten-tenth
8. twelve-twelfth
9. twenty-twentieth 10.twenty-one－twenty-first 11.thirty-two－thirty-second 12.forty-five－forty-fifth

Tip:另外，请同学们重视所有基数词与序数词的拼写。


二、 常考的名词单复数。
man-men woman-women child-children mouse-mice tooth-teeth
foot-feet mouse-mice hero-heroes
tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes fish-fish
deer-deer

sheep-sheep leaf-leaves life-lives knife-knives thief-thieves wolf-wolves wife-wives
myself-ourselves yourself-yourselves herself-themselves himself- themselves itself-themselves

scarf-scarves/scarfs giraffe-giraffes kangaroo-kangaroos Englishman-Englishmen German-Germans American-Americans Frenchman-Frenchmen Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Vietnamese-Vietnamese


三、 常考的国家名与某国人（的）/某国的/某国语（的）。

America-American Canada-Canadian India-Indian
Italy-Italian Japan-Japanese
Vietnam-Vietnamese China-Chinese Korea-Korean
Brazil-Brazilian Germany-German Switzerland-Swiss Britain-British Scotland-Scottish Ireland-Irish Spain-Spanish
England-English-Englishman
France-French-Frenchman Australia-Australian Russia-Russian
Mexico-Mexican Egypt-Egyptian Asia-Asian Africa-African Europe-European


四、 常考的兼类词或多义词。
1. hard
adj. 困难的;艰苦的 live a hard life It’s hard work
adv. 困难地;艰苦地;重地 It’s raining hard He’s working hard hardly adv. 几乎不
I could hardly catch any word he said. I have hardly any time to do that.
2. watch
n. 手表 What’s the time by your watch?
v. 观看 watch a movie
3. sound
n.声音 Can you hear the sound of the wind outside?


link-V.听起来 Sounds interesting!
4. smell
vt. 闻;嗅 Smell it carefully, it seems to be bad. link-V.闻起来 It smells nice.
n.气味;味道 It gave out a terrible smell.
5. taste
vt. 尝 品尝 Can I taste it? link-V.尝起来 It tastes good. cn. 味道 It has a nice taste.
un. 品位;鉴赏 Different people have different taste about clothes.
6. look
vi. 看 Look, here comes the bus. Look at the blackboard carefully. link-v. 看起来 She looks younger than she is.
n. 看;看一看 Have a look at this new type of cars.
7. get
vi. 到达 How can I get there?
vt. 得到 I got an opportunity of studying abroad. link-v. 变得 It’s getting late.
8. turn
vi. 转;翻; 转身 turn left/right
vt. 拧;扭;旋转 turn it on turn it off
link-v. 变得 Her face turned white at the news.
n. 轮次;秩序 take turns to sth. do sth. in turn
9. go
vi.1) 走;去 go to the cinema
2) 消失 Everything has gone.
link-v. 变得;成为 The meat in the fridge has gone bad. n. 约定 It’s a go. 一言为定。
10. chicken
cn. 小鸡 There are many chickens on the farm.
uc. 鸡肉 He usually has chicken and rice for supper.
11. fish
cn. 鱼;鱼类
I keep 5 fish as pets. All kinds of fishes could be seen in the river in the past. uc. 鱼肉 My favorite food is fish.
12. plant
cn. 植物 Plants are really important for our lives.
vt. 种植;栽种 Many more trees have been planted on the hill.
13. plan
vi. 计划;打算
I am planning to take a trip to our capital city Beijing. She is planning on going to America for further study. vt. 计划;打算 You should plan your time well.
n. 计划;打算 Good plan!


14. answer
vi. 回答 He didn’t answer.
vt. 回答 Who can answer this question?
n. 回答 the answer to the question
15. reply
vi. 回复;答复;回应 He didn’t replay to my letter.
n. 回复;答复;回应 I knocked at the door, but there’s no reply.
16. address
n. 1)地址 Do you have a email address?
2)演讲;演说 He made an address which moved lots of people at the get-together. vt. 写/编地址;发表演讲;发表演说 address a speech.
17. travel
vi. 旅行 Why not consider tavel(l)ing to Paris for your next vacation?
n. 旅行 He is on a travel to Shanghai.
18. trip
vi. 旅行 I don’t like to trip far.
n. 旅行 go on a school trip
19. wish

vt. 希望;祝愿
Wish you happy! Wish you a nice vacation!
Wish you success!
vi. 希望
I wish to meet her again.

n. 希望;祝愿
Best wishes to you! With best wishes!

20. hope
vt. 希望 I hope (that) you can help me with my English.
vi. 希望 He hopes to be a successful doctor.
n. 希望 There is still hope to save his eyes.
21. sleep
vi. 睡觉 Did you sleep well last night?
n. 睡觉 Have a good sleep! Tip: 学会使用 asleep & sleepy
22. walk
vi. 步行 I like walking to school better than riding a bike.
n. 步行 have a walk
23. drive
vi. 驾驶;开车 Who can drive?
vt. 1)驾驶;开车;开车送(人) Can you drive a car? She drove me to work today.
2)驱使;迫使; That drove her mad.
n. 驾车旅行;开车行程 two hours’ drive
24. ride

vt. 搭乘;乘坐;骑
ride a bicycle/horse

n. 搭乘;乘坐;骑
get/offer/give sb. a ride
go for a ride
five hours’ car ride The bike ride
takes about 20 minutes.
25. kind
n. 种类 all kinds of a new kind of adj. 善良的 a kind teacher


Tip: kind of 有点儿
26. right
n. 1)右边 turn right on the right take a right 2)权力 We should hold on to the right of dreaming.
adj. 1)右边的 your right hand 2)正确的 Is the answer right?
3)恰当的 behave in the right way He is the right man for this job. adv. 1)直;径直;完全;立即 go right home take you right there
2)正确地 Do it right next time.
27. left.
adj.1)左边的 on the left side of the street 2)剩余的 There’s only 3 minutes left. n.左边 on the left turn left take a left
v. (vi./vt. leave 的过去式) They left for Guangzhou two hours ago.
28. work
n. 工作 What hard work it is?
vi. 工作；起作用 Does the medicine work?
29. straight
adj.直的；笔直的 straight hair a straight street adv. 1）直直地；笔直地 walk straight along this road
2）直接；径直；立即 I usually go straight home after work.
30. long
adj.长的；长时间的 a long way a long time ago adv.长期地；长久地 I’ve waited for you for long.
31. high
adj. 高的 Mother is afraid of high places. adv. 高 He jumps the highest in the class.
highly adv.高度地 We all speak/think highly of the brave boy.
32. clean
adj.干净的 a clean classroom vt. 打扫 clean the class room
33. empty
adj.空的 an empty bottle
vt.清空；腾空；倒空 empty your disk empty the fridge before going out
34. far
adj. 远的 a far place
adv. 远；远远地 He lives far from his company
35. report
vt. 报告 It’s reported that twenty more workers were saved.
n. 报告 make a report
36. outside
adv. 在外边 They usually eat outside in the day. prep. 在……的外边 outside the school gate
adj. 外边的 the outside world


37. inside
adv.在里边 It is a game that can be played inside. prep. 在……里边 inside the house
adj. 里边的 inside floor
38. face
n. 脸；面子；表情 lose face make faces
vt. 面对；面临 face the challenge bravely face lots of problems face the sea/lake
39. change
n. 变化；改变 There have been great changes in that place since the earthquake.
vi. 变化；改变 People sure change. vt. 变化；改变 change it into a bird
40. challenge
n. 挑战 Just regard your problems as challenges! vt. 挑战 She challenged me to play chess with her.
41. color
n. 颜色 clothes in all colors
vt. 染色；给……上色 color it brown
42. study
n. 1）学业；学习 pay more attention to your study 2）研究 scientific studies
vt. 学习；研究 study it carefully
43. shop
n. 商店 a clothes shop
vi.购物；买东西 Did you shop yesterday? Go shopping vt. 购物；买东西 He shop some food for himself
44. experiment
n. 实验；试验 do an experiment
vi. 实验；试验 You should experiment with your new idea.
45. experience
un. 经验 lots of experience of teaching English
cn. 经历 Can you tell me about your experiences in the last vacation? vt. 经验；经历；体会 You can experience peaceful country life here.
46. try
n. 尝试 have a try
vi. 尝试 Who would like to try? Try to do it! vt. 尝试;试着做 She is trying babysitting.
48. attempt
n. 尝试；企图 make an attempt to do sth.
vt./vi. 尝试；企图 Don’t attempt everything one time.
attempt to do sth. attempt doing
49. mind
n.脑子；想法 make up one’s mind to do sth.
vi. 在乎；介意 I don’t mind.
vt. 在乎；介意 Would you mind not smoking here?


50. early
adj. 早的 Early birds catch the worms. adv. 早；早早地 go to bed early
51. late
adj. 晚的 She is late for school again
adv. 晚；晚地 He got up late this morning. stay up late watching TV lately adv.近来；最近 What did you do lately?
52. interest
cn. 兴趣；爱好 I have two interests－collecting ancient coins and painting. uc. 兴趣 I have no interest in what you said. places of interest
vt. 使感兴趣 It interested me a lot.
53. worry
vt. 使担忧；使担心 You know what worries me. It worries me a lot.
vi. 担心；担忧 Don’t worry.
n. 担心；忧虑 No worry. I have too many worries.
54. influence
n. 影响 have a good influence on sb. vt. 影响 My father influences me a lot.
55. smile
n. 微笑 with a smile on one’s face
vi. 微笑 He smiled but didn’t say anything.
56. show
n. 表演；上映；展览 A new movie is on show. The flowers are just for show. vt. 把……出示给某人看 show me your ticket, please.
57. boat
n. 船 in a boat
vi. 划船 Let’s go boating.
58. care
n. 关心；爱护 take good care of sb.
vi. 1）关心；爱护 care for care about
vi./vt.在乎；介意 I don’t care! They don’t care who they are going to work with.
59. free
adj.自由的 免费的 a free day free concerts vt.使自由；释放 I freed the birds.
60. love
n. 爱；喜欢 show your love to others put your love to good use vt. 爱；喜欢 She loves pop music.
61. dress n.1）（尤指妇女儿童的）衣服；服装；
2）女式长裙 She is wearing a dress.
vt. 给……穿衣 dress myself get dressed be well dressed
vi. 穿衣 dress casually My parents dress casually on weekends.
62. seat
n. 座位 4000 seats


vt. 让……坐下；给……安排坐位 They seated us in Row 2.
All visitors are seated.
63. crowd
n. （一）群；（一）团/簇 ；人群 a crowd of people crowds of sheep/clouds
vi. 拥挤；挤满 Don’t crowd around me!
vt. 塞满；挤满 They crowded the car with six people, including two kids.
64. burn
n. 烧伤 Running cold water is helpful to treat a small burn.
vi. 烧伤；烤焦；燃烧 The house is burning.
vt. 烧；烤；烧伤；烤焦 The sun burned my skin.
65. cut
n.切口 I can see a deep cut in his head. vt.砍；割；切 Cut up the fruit.
66. help

n. 帮助
Thanks for your help.

vi. 帮助
Does it help (with your problem)?
Can I do anything to help?
vt. 帮助
Can I help you?

67. guide
n. 向导；指南；手册 buy a tour guide I want to be a tour guide when I am older. vt.向导；指引；带领 guide us out of the forest.
68. lead
n. 处于领先地位的人或事 I believe I can keep the lead. vt. 引导；领导（反义：词 mislead 误导）
It’s Mr. Wang who leads us to work hard on this work. adj. 处于领先地位的；领先的 a lead singer
69. hit
n. 成功而轰动一时的事物 This song used to be a hit. a hit CD vt. 撞击；打击 The car nearly hit the boy.
70. mark
n. 标志；印记；分数
get high marks in the test.
You are supposed to make marks while walking alone in the forest so that you won’t get lost. vt. 做标记；批阅 The teacher is marking our papers.
71. correct
adj. 正确的；恰当的 a correct answer
vt. 纠正；改正；订正 correct our mistakes
72. test
n. 考试；测试；测验 have/take a test a lab test vt. 考试；测试；测验 to test a machine
73. exam
n. 考试；测试；测验 have/take an exam vt. 考试；测试；测验 exam your English
74. email
n. 电子邮件 send/get an email


vi. 发电子邮件 Can you email on a mobile phone? vt. 电子邮件给……email your friends
75. order
n. 1）秩序 put…in order
2）命令 follow/obey one’s order break one’s order 3）点菜 May I have your order? Here’s your order.
vt. 1）命令 order sb. (not) to do sth.
vi./vt. 点菜 Can you order now? What did you order? Just eat what you have ordered.
76. wonder
n. 奇迹；奇观 The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world. vt. 奇怪；怀疑；想知道 I wonder what I can do to help her.
77. water
n.水 polluted water pure water running water fresh water(淡水) vt.浇水；灌溉 water the plants water the fields
78. milk
n.牛奶 Most babies live on milk.
vt.挤奶 Have you ever milked a cow on the farm?
79. need
n. 需要 It just meet your need.
vi./vt. 需要 You don’t need to come today. We need three more workers.
80. lift
n.电梯； 提升 We go up and down the building in a lift. vt.提起；举起 Who can lift the basket of apples onto the truck?
81. hand
n. 手 on your left hand
n. 帮助 Can you lend me a hand?
vi./vt. 交；递；给 Please hand in your papers now. hand it to me
82. cross
n. 叉；叉形物；十字架 She wears a beautiful cross round her neck. vt. 横穿 Be careful when you cross the street.
Tip: across prep. trek across the desert run across China(横贯中国)
83. rain
n.雨 What heavy rain it is! There will be rain tomorrow? vi.下雨 It is raining hard/heavily outside now.
84. snow
n.雪 Many children like snow.
vi 下雪 It hardly ever snows in Chengdu in winter.
85.sweet
adj.甜的；糖的 The soup tastes kind of sweet.
n. 糖果 I like sweets a lot 86.support
n.支持 Thank you for your support. I need your support.
vt. 支持 I will always support you.
87. aid


n.帮助 offer sb. aid get aid from first-aid
v. 帮助 He even aided his classmates.
五、 常考的近义词。
一）名词
noise/sound/voice family/home/house/room information/message end/ending advice/suggestion work/job
二）形容词，副词，连词，介词等
quick/quickly/fast/soon when/while round/around middle/medium loud/loudly/aloud near/nearby/nearly across/through/past
三）动词
say / speak / tell / talk; look (at) / see / watch / notice hope/wish listen (to) / hear /hear of / hear about / hear from help/aid hit/beat/hurt/knock beat/win look for/ find / find out / discover discover/invent/create
六、常考的形近词。
except / expect expression / impression / pressure / permission
fall-fell-fallen fill-filled-filled feel-felt-felt alone/lonely past/pass lie-lay-lain lay-lain-lain fun/funny change/exchange/challenge
七、 最常考的不规则动词。
be


leave


bear


lend


beat


let


become


lie


begin


light


blow


lose


break


make


bring


mean


build


meet


burn


pay


buy


put


catch


read


choose


rend


come


ride


cut


ring


do


rise


draw


run


drink


say


drive


see


eat


sell


fall


send


feed


set




feel


shake


fight


shoot


find


show


flee


shut


fly


sing


forbid


sink


forget


sit


freeze


sleep


get


speak


give


spell


go


spend


grow


stand


hang


steal


have


sweep


hear


swim


hide


take


hold


teach


hurt


tell


keep


think


know


throw


lay


wake


lead


wear


learn


win


cost


write


prefer


stick


mislead


oversleep



八、 常考词形转换的词。
1. luck-lucky-luckily-unlucky-unluckily Good luck! a lucky day/girl an unlucky experience
2. noise-noisy-noisily make noise(s) a noisy boy do sth. noisily
3. heavy-heavily What heavy rain it is! It’s raining heavily
4. strong-strongly I strongly believe in that he is strong enough to get over it.
5. develop-developing-developed-development a developing/developed country
6. confuse-confused-confusing I am confused by his confusing questions.
7. lead-mislead-misleading a misleading advertisement
8. choose-choice I can’t decide which one to choose. You have to make a choice.
9. decide-decision decide to do sth. We should learn to make decisions for ourselves
10. difficult-difficulty It’s difficult for sb. to do sth.
He worked out this math problem without any difficulty
11. confident-confidence Confident people always have confidence in themselves.
12. different-difference-differently be different form…
Can you tell the differences between these two cars? Tom thinks/feels differently.


13. important-importance be important to the importance of…
14. mean-meaning-means What do you mean?
transportation means (交通方式)
I understand the meaning of the sentence.
15. salt-salty The salt is not salty enough.
16. scared-scary The little boy is scared by the scrary story.
17. thrill-thrilled-thrilling a thrilling trip feel thrilled
18. peace-peaceful-peacefully Now they are living peacefully in the peaceful countryside.
We hope people in the world can live together in peace.
19. use-useful-useless I don’t know if it’s a useful book or a useless one.
20. care-careful-carefully-careless-carelessly
21. succeed-success-successful-successfully
22. die-dying-dead-death a dying cat a dead cat His death makes everybody sad.
23. health-healthy-healthily-unhealthy-unhealthily
24. friend-friendly-friendship-friendliness It’s the friendship that counts. A friendly smile
25. serve-service Snacks are served in our hotel. Friendly service is their advantage.
26. forget-unforgettable-forgetful a forgetful teacher an unforgettable day
27. able-unable-disabled be able/unable to do sth. They provided the disabled boy with a job.
28. honest (adj.)-honesty (un.)-dishonest (adj.)-dishonesty (un.) The dishonest boy used to be an honest good student.

29. like-dislike vt. I dislike milk, I can’t stand it.
30. like-unlike prep. Unlike you, I don’t want to hang out now.
31. know-known-unknown-knowledge-knowledgeable
32. wonder-wonderful-wonderfully a wonderful piece of music finish a task wonderfully
33. beauty-beautiful-beautifully My daughter can play this piece of music beautifully.
34. advertise-advertisement-advertising Advertising is a big business in the modern society.
35. serious-seriously －Anything serious? －Yes, her left leg is seriously injured.
36. athlete-athletic Almost all athletes have athletic bodies.
37. surprise-surprising-surprised-surprisingly to one’s surprise be surprised to do sth.
do sth. surprisingly
38. amaze-amazing-amazed be amazed at sth. an amazing story
39. collect-collection-collector The stamp collector has a big collection of stamps.
40. translate- translation- translator The translator is doing some translation work.
41. interview-interviewer An interviewer interviewed me on the radio program yesterday.
42. report-reporter It’s reported that… I used to work as a reporter for 3 years.
43. help-helper-helpful-helpless The animal helper is really helpful to lonely helpless Ann.
44. organize-organization-organizer-organized You can enjoy organized games here.
45. like-alike-likely Lily and her mother are alike. Great men think alike.
Do you think it’s likely(adv. 有可能) to rain?
46. wake-awake Please wake me up at 6:00. She is still awake.
47. sleep-asleep-sleepy-sleepless Sleepy students often fall asleep in class.
It will be another sleepless night.
48. find-finding Here are the findings of the scientific study.


49. science-scientist-scientific Scientists often do scientific experiments in labs.
50. build-building-builder teaching buildings
51. kind-kindness Thanks for your kindness.
52. invent-invention-inventor Is this invention this inventor’s?
53. courage-encourage-encouragement Whatever happens, don’t lose your courage.
encourage sb. to do sth.
thanks for your encouragement.
54. disappoint-disappointing-disappointed-disappointment
55. behave-behavior You are supposed to behave politely in public.
Good behavior shows your personality.
56. high-height-highly She is afraid of height. think/speak highly of sb.
57. weigh-weight What’s the weight of elephant? It weighs over 1000 kilos.
58. pollute-pollution-polluted Polluted water can’t be drunk. air pollution
59. visit-visitor Some foreign visitors will visit our school tomorrow.
60. tour-tourist-touristy Too many tourists make Chengdu more touristy than before.
60. fortunate-fortunately-unfortunately
61. expensive-inexpensive an inexpensive car
62. convenient-conveniently-inconvenient
63. good-well do well in=be good at do sth. well
64. nation-national national flag/hero National day
65. nature-natural a nature tour natural resources/scenery
66. educate-education-educational-educator get good education educational movies
67. person-personal-personality a personal gift her appearance and personality
68. popular-popularity be popular with sb. The popularity of basketball has risen worldwide
69. appear-disappear-appearance appear on TV He disappeared in an ocean of people.
Can you describe his appearance clearly?
70. impress-impression I am deeply impressed by his progress.
They left me a good impression. a general impression
71. permit-permission ask your parents’ permission permit sb. to do sth.
72. press-pressure press it hard Many students are under too much pressure.
73. please-pleased-pleasant-unpleasant-pleasure-pleasing
74. music-musical-musician musical band/group/instrument a talented musician
78. sell-sale have sales on sale for sale It sells well.
79. live-lively-alive-living a lively city/country/kid He is found alive. living things/textbook
80. win-winner Who is the winner of the long jump?
81. own-owner My father is the owner of a small shop, and I own a bigger one.
82. champion-championship A champion is someone who wins the championship.
83. profession-professional a professional sportsman
84. achieve-achievement achieve one’s dream
get great achievement (un.) get several achievements (cn.)
85. invent-invention-inventor The great inventor has many useful inventions.
86. act-active-actively-activity-action-actor-actress Active students are the ones who act in class actively.
She acted in this movie successfully. Since then she has been known as a famous actress.


We should take an action to protect the endangered animals right now. Tom is a famous actor and his girlfriend is a well-known actress.
87. invite-invitation get an invitation to… Thanks for your invitation
88. interest-interesting-interested
89. frustrate-frustrating-frustrated He feels really frustrated about the frustrating result.
90. bear-born He was born in Xingjiang.
91. annoy-annoying-annoyed Plastic is an annoying invention. She is annoyed with you.
92. silent-silently-silence a silent night read it silently=read it in silence
93. love-lovely-loving a lovely kid a loving grandfather
94. fun-funny have fun doing sth. do sth. for fun
a funny show(滑稽表演) a funny look(滑稽的面孔/表情)
95. sail-sailor My uncle works on a ship. He is a good sailor.
96. lead-leader He leads us to work together. He is our group leader.
97. rain-rainy There is much less rain this summer than last summer. on a rainy morning
98. snow-snowy snowy days
99. cloud-cloudy It’ cloudy and windy today.
100. wind-windy
101. sun-sunny My grandpa usually go fish on sunny afternoon.
102. fog-foggy What a foggy day it is!
103. relax-relaxing-relaxed I feel rally relaxed after a long relaxing vacation
104. agree-agreement-disagree-disagreement agree/disagree with sb.
have disagreements be in agreement/disagreement
105. advantage-disadvantage Everybody has his advantages and disadvantages.
106. argue-argument Arguments can’t solve problems.
107. fly-flight I’ll fly to Hangzhou. The flight number is CA5885. a space flight
108. east-eastern south-southern west-western north-northern
109. busy-business I started my own business at the age of 24.
110. comfort-comfortable-comfortably-uncomfortable-uncomfortably
111. real-really a real story really interesting/fun/boring
112. true-truth-truly a true friend to tell the truth know about the truth truly yours
113. recycle-recycled We’d better try to recycle life waste. recycled materials
114. violin-violinist The violinist has been playing the violin for over 30 years.
115. piano-pianist I hope to be a pianist because I love piano music.
116. write-writer A writer is also called an author.
117. simple-simply You can simply lie down on the beach and do some reading. a simple math problem live a simple life
118. possible-possibly-impossible-impossibly
119. polite-politely-impolite-impolitely
120. wide-widely Chinese is widely welcomed in the world now.
121. loud-aloud-loudly read aloud play the music loud shout loudly
122. memorize-memory memorize some new words She has a good memory.(作记忆力讲可数)
I’ve got a lot of good memory（对某事的记忆不可数）about China to take with.
123. day-daily China Daily daily life
124. climb-climber Many climbers have reached the top of this mountain.


125. suggest-suggestion Your clothes suggest what you do.
126. learn-learner-learned(博学的，知识丰富的) a learned teacher a good learner
127. listen-listener My best friend is a goo 的 listener.
128. recent-recently. a recent movie How are you recently?
129. special-specially I specially got it for you. a special gift
130. specific-specifically specific suggestions I specifically told you about it.
131. class-classical classical music
132. energy-energetic save/waste energy an energetic teacher
133. hungry-hunger We offered the local people in hunger some food and water.
die of hunger
134. angry-angrily-anger Her voice trembled with anger. They left angrily.
135. culture-cultural cultural activities cultural differences between these two countries
136. balance-balanced keep the balance of nature have a balanced diet
137. fry-fried fried fish fried potato chips
138. hot-heat (n. v.)-heated It’s hot today. keep out the heat heated oven
139. neighbor-neighborhood People living in the same neighborhood are called neighbors.
140. color-colorful She always wears colorful clothes.
141. self-selfish a selfish man
142. solve-solution They have come up with a solution to the problem.
143. crowd-crowded a crowded classroom an car
144. describe-description describe a person’s appearance and personality
the description of the character(对于性格特征的描述)
145. medicine-medical take the medicine medical research/studies/care/help/aid
146. perform-performance-performer show your performances in front of the class
147. act-active-activity take an active part in be active in class social/humans’ activities
148. talent-talented talent show a talented singer
149. ill-illness get over illnesses
150. free-freely-freedom live freely Freedom is the most important thing for animals.
151. convince-convincing-convinced convince sb. of sth. a convincing expression/story
152. food-feed give the animal some feed (n.) feed(v.) the animals
153. foreign-foreigner Foreigners come from foreign countries.
154. mix-mixture mix up the ingredients a mixture of foreign and Chinese cultures
155. read-reader-readable This book is readable. We have many adult readers, too.
156. manage-manager-management manage to do sth.(设法做某事)
157. strange-stranger stop a stranger in the street
158. village-villager work in the village with the villagers
159. cross-across cross the road=v.+ across the road
160. create-creative-creature-creation-creator
161. attract-attractive-attraction an attractive spotlight What’s its attraction?
162. with-without come into the room with a smile He died without leaving a word.
163. happy-happily-happiness-unhappy-unhappily
164. end-ending-endless have a happy ending an endless story endless love
165. pronounce-pronunciation How to pronounce it? get the pronounce right
166. patient-patiently-impatient-impatiently-patience


167. terrify-terrified be terrified of
168. general-generally in general=generally=generally speaking
169. actual-actually actually=in fact
170. bore-boring-bored
171. final-finally final test final result
172. operate-operation operate a machine operate on sb. do an operation on sb.
173. produce-product-production The river produces a terrible smell.
Our products are of good quality. to reduce the production costs
174. society-social live in the society social problems/activities/situations
175. fair-unfair It’s fair for all of the students. That’s unfair on you.
176. wood-wooden a wood/wooden table
177. gold-golden a gold medal He has a golden voice. Look at the golden sun.
178. program-programming-programmer
179. home-homeless homeless people
180. donate-donation-donor donate sth. to sb. They get donations from all over the country.
181. taste-tasty tasty cakes
182. treat-treatment I treat you today. My treatment, this time.
183. entertain-entertainment look for entertainment
184. say-saying a Chinese saying As the saying goes, …
185. enjoy-enjoyable an enjoyable movie/book/sport
186. danger-dangerous-endangered people in danger
dangerous animals endangered animals
187. safe-safely-safety He finally got home safely. worry about one’s safety
188. edit-editor edit a newspaper a magazine editor
189. direct-directly-director-direction a direct order ask a question directly
the director of the zoo
Read the directions before washing the clothes.
190. speak-speaker-speech-spoken
191. murder-murderer There was a murder by the river last night and the murderer escaped.
192. push-pushy You nearly pushed me into the river. pushy parents a pushy teacher
193. photograph-photography-photographer

Tip: 当然，选词填空除了要记好这些常见词形变化外，还要注意 1）动词的时态；2）语态；3）非 谓语动词形式－如动词不定式，不带 to 的动词不定式，动词的-ing 形式，过去分词形式；4）名词的 单复数和所有格；5）代词的单复数，主格与宾格，名词性与形容词性物主代词，反身代词的用法与 拼写等，还要注意不定指代词的肯定与否定形式，部分否定与全否定也是考查点。

九、其他常考的名词。
year
month
day/date
hour
minute
second
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
season
spring
summer
autumn/fall
winter


十、 常考的集体名词。
class team group family band staff people
the public; the disabled; the rich; the poor; the young; the old; the police

十一、常考的不可数名词。
weather
bread
furniture work
housework
homework
temperature
food
fruit
behavior advice
service
information
equipment
orange(桔子水) glass(玻璃) fish(鱼肉) chicken(鸡肉) duck(鸭肉) pressure(压力)


十二、常考的不规则形容词、副词。
many/much---more---most little---less---least
far---farther---farthest(具体)
far---further---furthest（抽象）

old---older---oldest old---elder---eldest
ill/bad/badly---worse---worst good---better---best


十三、常加 more,most 构成比较级和最高级的单音节和双音节形容词、副词。

fun---more fun---most fun often---more often---most often tired---more tired---most tired
scared---more scared---most scared bored---more bored---most bored boring---more boring---most boring


十四、既可加-er，-est 又可加-more，-most 构成比较级和最高级的形容词。
clever-cleverer-cleverest clever-more clever-most clever
friendly-friendlier-friendliest friendly- more friendly- most friendly
healthy-healthier-healthiest healthy-more healthy- most healthy