高中Unit 3 Environmental Protection学案设计

这是一份高中Unit 3 Environmental Protection学案设计，共24页。
背景导学
In 2016, a terrible El Ni event hit Kim Cbb’s study site, killing 85% f her cral. During her first dive afterward, “I was crying in my mask,” says Cbb. “It’s ne thing t read papers abut cral bleaching(珊瑚白化), but when it happens t a place where yu knw every dive like the back f yur hand, it’s smething different.”
S, she started t d a strict accunting f her persnal carbn ftprint that she is respnsible fr emitting(排放), finding that air travel accunted fr 85% f her carbn ftprint in 2017. She prmised that 2018 wuld be different.
Cbb is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics wh are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. She started t ask cnference and institutinal representatives wh invited her t speak whether she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f the time, they agreed. When the answer was n, she declined the invitatin. That apprach brught Cbb’s 2018 air travel dwn by 75%, and she planned t cntinue the practice.
Hwever, sme peple disagree with her apprach. Sme senir scientists tld her the “flying less mvement” is harmful because it distracts(转移) frm the message that glbal emissins can nly be cntrlled thrugh cllective gvernment actin.
Reducing air travel can als be a disprprtinate sacrifice fr junir scientists, wh benefit frm netwrking and sharing their wrk at cnferences. Cbb agrees. “If yu’re an early-career researcher and yu’re traveling very little, I think it’s hard t build awareness f yur wrk,” she says. “Yu have t be standing arund the cffee break t chat, and yu can’t d that if yu’re nt there.”
It’s the senir scientists like herself wh shuld reduce air travel. That culd have the biggest effect n the prblem: A study published nline last mnth calculated that, at the University f British Clumbia in Vancuver, full prfessrs are respnsible fr three times as many flight-related emissins as graduate students and pstdcs.
1.What made Cbb pay attentin t her carbn ftprint?
A. Cral bleaching she read in papers.B. Failing t save cral during her dive.
C. The death f the cral in her study site.D. Her awareness f her t much air travel.
答案：C
2.Hw is Cbb’s way t reduce carbn ftprints?
A. Disappinting.B. Satisfying.
C. Mdern.D. Time-saving.
答案： B
3.Why d sme peple ppse Cbb’s apprach?
A. It prevents senir scientists develping.B. It brings incnvenience t peple in life.
C. It is misleading in slving glbal emissins.D. It makes it hard fr peple t realize climate change.
答案：C
Sectin Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
自主学习·激发潜能
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. dramatic /drə'mætɪk/adj.巨大的; 戏剧的→ drama /'drɑːmə/n.戏; 剧; 戏剧艺术
2. glbal /'gləʊbl/adj.全球的; 全世界的 → glbe /gləʊb/n.地球; 地球仪; 世界
3. starve /stɑːv/vi.&vt. (使)挨饿; 饿死→ starvatin /stɑː'veɪʃn/n.挨饿; 饥饿; 饿死
4. habitable /'hæbɪtəbl/adj.适合居住的 → habitat /'hæbɪtæt/n. (动植物的) 生活环境; 栖息地 → habitant /'hæbɪtənt/n.居民
5. sustain /sə'steɪn/vt.维持; 遭受; 承受住→ sustainable /sə'steɪnəbl/adj.可持续的; 合理利用的
6. cmprehensive /kɒmprɪ'hensɪv/adj.全部的; 所有的; 详尽的→ cmprehend /'kɒmpre’hend/v.理解; 领悟→ cmprehensin /'kɒmprɪ'henʃn/n.理解力; 领悟能力
7. frequently /'fri: kwəntli/adv.频繁地; 经常→ frequent /'fri: kw(ə)nt/adj.频繁的; 经常发生的→ frequency /'fri: kwənsi/n.发生率; 出现率; 重复率; 频繁
8. restrict /rɪ'strɪkt/vt.限制; 限定; 束缚→ restricted /rɪ'strɪktɪd/adj.受限制的; 保密的 → restrictin /rɪs’trɪkʃn/n.限制规定; 限制法规; 约束
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1.alng with 和……一起
2.nt nly…but als… 不仅……而且……
3.result in 导致
4.对……有影响 have an impact n…
5.参考; 查阅; 指的是 refer t
6.陷入……; 被困在…… be trapped in…
7.采取行动/措施 take actin/measures
8.抓住机会 seize an pprtunity
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
2.
3.
文本互动·合作探究
Ⅰ. 文本理解
1.Reading fr the main idea.
What’s the main idea f the text?
A.It is high time that the wrld shuld fcus n climate change.
B.Results caused by the rise in temperature.
C.Hw glbal warming has cme abut.
D.Measures t deal with glbal warming.
答案：A
Reading fr the structure.
Fill in the fllwing blanks with prper wrds.
Reading fr the details.
1.What’s the functin f the first paragraph f the text?
A.T intrduce the tpic.
B.T shw the evidence f climate change.
C.T tell us climate change has been knwn fr decades.
D.T cnfirm that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
答案：A
2.What d yu knw abut the plar bear fund n the island?
A.Only bnes f the dead bdy remained.
B.Its skin was seriusly injured in a way.
C.It culdn’t adapt t the envirnment n Svalbard.
D.It died f the effect f climate change.
答案：D
3.Hw des the “natural” greenhuse effect wrk?
①Greenhuse gases trap sme heat.
②Heat is sent back int space.
③Earth’s surface becmes warm.
④The sun gives Earth heat thrugh the atmsphere.
A.④→③→②→①B.①→③→②→④
C.②→①→④→③D.③→②→④→①
答案：A
4.Why des climate change require the wrld’s attentin?
A.The number f plar bears is smaller and smaller.
B.News reprts are ften bradcast abut extreme rainstrms and heatwaves causing deaths and ecnmic lsses.
C.Gvernments can frce peple t reduce their “carbn ftprint”.
D.It is affecting all f us n the planet and if it is left alne, we will pay an even higher price.
答案：D
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1.Accrding t the scientists wh fund its dead bdy , all that remained f the plar bear was “skin and bnes”.
【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。其中wh fund its dead bdy为wh引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词 scientists ; that remained f the plar bear为that引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词 all , that不能用which 代替。
【译文】发现该尸体的科学家说, 这只北极熊只剩“皮包骨头”了。
2.There is strng and cmprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led t an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide, nt nly causing serius damage, but als csting human lives.
【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。There is strng and cmprehensive evidence是主句, that引导的是同位语从句, 解释说明 evidence 的具体内容; nt nly…but als…连接两个并列的现在分词短语causing serius damage和csting human lives作结果状语。
【译文】有充分且全面的证据表明, 气温上升导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加, 不仅造成严重破坏, 还造成人员死亡。
3.It is ur respnsibility t seize every pprtunity t educate everyne abut glbal warming, alng with its causes and impacts , because this is the mst serius issue affecting all f us n this planet .
【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。It为形式主语, t seize…是真正的主语; because引导原因状语从句, 其中affecting all f us n this planet为现在分词短语作后置定语 , 修饰issue。
【译文】我们有责任抓住每一个机会, 教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响, 因为这是影响这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Questin Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What des the pht f a dead plar bear suggest?
The pht f a dead plar bear suggests that climate change caused by glbal warming influences Earth’s eclgy.
2.What are the tw kinds f “greenhuse effect”?
The tw kinds f “greenhuse effect” are the “natural” greenhuse effect and the “man-made” greenhuse effect.
3.Why is the “natural” greenhuse effect imprtant and necessary?
It makes it pssible fr Earth t sustain life.
4.What is the cnsequence f extra “man-made” greenhuse gas emissins?
Extra “man-made” greenhuse gas emissins cause the rise in temperature.
5.What are the results f the rise in temperature?
It results in an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide and causes serius damage, deaths and ecnmic lsses.
6.Des the issue require the attentin f peple all ver the wrld?
Yes, the issue requires the attentin f peple n the planet.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1.用have an impact n改写第1句。
The pht f a dead plar bear suggests that climate change caused by glbal warming has an impact n Earth’s eclgy.
2.用定语从句合并第2、3句
There are tw kinds f “greenhuse effect”, including the “natural” greenhuse effect, which makes it pssible fr Earth t sustain life, and the “man-made” greenhuse effect.
3.用定语从句合并第4、5句。
Extra “man-made” greenhuse gas emissins cause the rise in temperature, which results in an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide and causes serius damage, deaths and ecnmic lsses.
4.用be wrth+n.改写第6句。
This issue is well wrth the attentin f peple n the planet.
Step 3 Summary Writing
1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
The pht f a dead plar bear suggests that climate change caused by glbal warming has an impact n Earth’s eclgy. There are tw kinds f “greenhuse effect”, including the “natural” greenhuse effect, which makes it pssible fr Earth t sustain life, and the “man-made” greenhuse effect. Hwever, extra “man-made” greenhuse gas emissins cause the rise in temperature, which in turn, results in an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide. This issue is well wrth the attentin f peple n the planet.
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. starve vi.&vt.（使）挨饿; 饿死
An expert wh has studied plar bears fr many years said that frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared t have starved and died. 一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从尸体所处的姿势来看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。（教材P26）
典例翻译
①Millins f peple starved t death during the war.
战争期间, 数百万人都饿死了。
②The cmpany is starved f funds due t the ecnmic crisis.
这家公司由于经济危机缺乏资金。
③Tim starved fr a laptp, but his parents asked him t earn mney and buy ne by himself.
蒂姆想要买一台笔记本电脑, 但他的父母让他自己赚钱买。
④Millins f peple are threatened by starvatin and diseases each year.
每年都有数以百万计的人受到饥饿和疾病的威胁。
归纳拓展
（1）饿死 starve t death
缺乏…… be starved f
渴望; 急需…… starve fr
（2）n.饥饿; 饿死; 挨饿 starvatin
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①He lks frward t the day when n ne will die f starvatin (starve).
②The department has been starved f resurces.
（2）完成句子
③他们在沙漠中迷路后饿死了。
They gt lst in the desert and starved t death .
2. refer t指的是; 谈及; 提到; 参考; 查阅
The “natural” greenhuse effect refers t the fact that heat frm the sun enters the atmsphere and warms Earth’s surface as shrt-wave radiatin. “天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层, 并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。(教材P26)
典例翻译
①Peple wh wrk in ffices are frequently referred t as “white-cllar wrkers”.
在办公室工作的人通常被称为“白领工作者”。
②Please refer t a dictinary t check the spelling.
请查一下字典看看拼写是否正确。
③My dctr referred me t a specialist.
我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
④He made a reference t the enrmus pwer f the mass media. 他论及了大众传媒的巨大力量。
归纳拓展
（1）把……称为……; 认为……是…… refer t…as…
查字典 refer t a dictinary
让某人求助于……; 让某人向……查询 refer sb. t…
（2）n.提及; 涉及; 查阅; 参考; 推荐信 reference
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The headmaster spke at the meeting fr nearly an hur withut referring (refer) t his ntes.
②Keep the list f numbers near the phne fr easy reference (refer).
（2）单句写作
③英语被认为是一门世界通用的语言。
English is referred t as a universal language.
3. release vt.&n.排放; 释放; 发布
The heat is released back int space at lnger wave lengths. 热量再以更大的波长被释放回太空。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①Firefighters tk tw hurs t release the driver frm the ruins.
消防员花了两个小时的时间将司机从废墟中救了出来。
②He is releasing an album f lve sngs.
他将发行一张情歌专辑。
③This is the latest release f the cmpany.
这是这家公司最新发行的产品。
④Singing a sng is a gd way t release stress and emtins.
唱歌是释放压力和发泄情感的好方法。
归纳拓展
（1）将某人从某地释放出来 release…frm…
发行唱片/电影 release an album/a mvie
释放压力/发泄情感 release stress/emtins
（2）最新发行的产品 the latest release
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①All f a sudden, the wman burst int tears, releasing (release) her emtins.
②With 10,000 ballns released (release) int the air, the graduatin ceremny began.
（2）单句写作
③他昨天获准出院了。
He was released frm the hspital yesterday.
4. fuel n.燃料; 刺激性言行vt.&vi.给(交通工具)加油; vt.增加; 刺激When peple prduce huge amunts f extra greenhuse gases by burning fssil fuels, mre heat energy is trapped in the atmsphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature t rise quickly. 当人们由于燃烧化石燃料, 产生大量额外的温室气体时, 更多的热能被困在大气层中, 这导致地表温度迅速上升。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①They ran ut f fuel.
他们用完了燃料。
②The biler uses slid fuel.
这个锅炉烧固体燃料。
③His remarks simply added fuel t the fire/flames f her rage.
他的话只是给她的愤怒火上浇油。
④The helicpter was already fueled (up) and ready t g.
直升机已加好油, 准备起飞。
归纳拓展
（1）固体燃料 slid fuel
耗尽燃料 run ut f fuel
火上浇油 add fuel t the fire/flames
（2）给(交通工具)加油 fuel (up)
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The plane is fueled up befre setting ff.
②Higher salaries helped (t) fuel (fuel)inflatin(通货膨胀).
（2）完成句子
③如果老板进来时很生气, 不要告诉他顾客的投诉, 这只会火上浇油。
If the bss is angry when he cmes in, dn’t tell him abut the custmers’ cmplaints, which will just add fuel t the fire/flames . (定语从句)
5. frequently adv.频繁地; 经常
In fact, news reprts are frequently bradcast abut extreme rainstrms and heatwaves causing deaths and ecnmic lsses. 事实上, 有关极端暴雨和热浪导致人员死亡和经济损失的消息常见于新闻报道。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①Our factry has frequent cntacts with the neighbring villages.
我们厂和附近的村庄经常来往。
②He is a frequent visitr t this cuntry.
他常常访问这个国家。
③We are cncerned abut the high frequency f racist attacks in the district.
我们对该地区种族袭击频发表示关注。
归纳拓展
（1）adj.频繁的; 经常发生的 frequent
常客 a frequent visitr
（2）n.发生率; 出现率; 重复率; 频率; 频繁 frequency
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①It is said that sandstrms will becme mre frequent (frequent) than befre as a result f glbal warming.
②Objects like this turn up at sales with surprising frequency (frequent).
（2）完成句子
③无论演出频率如何, 贝多芬的作品总是能吸引很多人。
N matter hw frequently perfrmed , the wrks f Beethven always attract a large number f peple.
6. restrict vt.限制; 限定; 束缚
We as individuals can als reduce ur “carbn ftprint” by restricting the amunt f carbn dixide ur lifestyles prduce. 作为个人, 我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①We restrict the number f students per class t 20.
我们将每个班的学生人数限定为20。
②Having small children tends t restrict yur freedm.
有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。
③The recently released dcuments impsed/placed a restrictin n tbacc.
最近公布的文件对烟草进行了限制。
④We can g int this place withut restrictin.
我们可以不受限制地进入这个地方。
归纳拓展
（1）把……限制在…… restrict…t…
限制某人的自由 restrict ne’s freedm
（2）restrictin n.限制规定; 限制法规; 约束
对某事加以限制; 限制…… impse/place a restrictin n
不受限制 withut restrictin
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The city gvernment made a rule that firewrks shuld be restricted t public displays nly.
②Dn’t restrict yurself t making (make) friends-it will help increase yur knwledge.
（2）单句写作
③许多学校对于学生的穿着有着非常严格的限制。
Many schls impse/place a strict restrictin n students’ clthes.
7. respnsibility n.责任; 职责; 义务
It is ur respnsibility t seize every pprtunity t educate everyne abut glbal warming, alng with its causes and impacts, because this is the mst serius issue affecting all f us n this planet. 我们有责任抓住每一个机会, 教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响, 因为这是影响这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①It is believed that helping parents d chres can fster children’s sense f respnsibility.
人们认为帮助父母做家务可以培养孩子的责任感。
②In the 21st century, all natins must take their share f respnsibility fr the glbal safety.
在21世纪, 所有国家必须承担起全球安全的责任。
③It is their respnsibility t ensure that the rules are enfrced.
他们有责任确保制度的执行。
④Mike is respnsible fr designing the entire prject.
迈克负责设计全部工程。
归纳拓展
（1）责任感 a sense f respnsibility
对……负责 take respnsibility fr
It’s ne’s respnsibility t d sth. 某人有责任做某事
（2）respnsible adj.有责任
对……负责 be respnsible fr…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Yu shuld take respnsibility fr yur actins, whether they are intentinal r nt.
②While it is human nature t be curius, it is ur respnsibility t respect (respect) thers’ privacy.
（2）单句写作
③你认为谁应该为这起车祸负责?
Wh d yu suppse shuld take respnsibility fr/be respnsible fr the car accident?
8. seize vt.抓住; 夺取; 控制
It is ur respnsibility t seize every pprtunity t educate everyne abut glbal warming, alng with its causes and impacts, because this is the mst serius issue affecting all f us n this planet. 我们有责任抓住每一个机会, 教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响, 因为这是影响这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①She tried t seize the gun frm him.
她试图夺他的枪。
②We shuld seize the precius chance.
我们应该抓住这个宝贵的机会。
③He bjected t vilence and never wanted t seize pwer by means f the armed frces.
他反对暴力, 从不希望通过武装力量夺取政权。
④He seized her by the arm.
他抓住她的胳膊。
⑤He was seized by curisity.
他好奇心顿起。
归纳拓展
从某人手中夺取某物 seize sth. frm sb.
抓住机会 seize a chance/an pprtunity
夺取政权 seize pwer
抓住某人的胳膊 seize sb. by the arm
被(某种情绪)侵袭/突然控制 be seized by
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The man seized me by the arm and begged me t bring his sn back t life.
②When she saw his face, she was seized by terrr.
（2）完成句子
③我们渴望得到更好的教育, 这样我们就能抓住机会拥有一个更光明的未来。
We’re anxius t get a better educatin s that we can seize the chance t have a brighter future .
重点句型
1. There is little/n dubt that…毫无疑问……
There is little dubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问, 地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。(教材P26)
典例翻译
①There is little dubt that man has had an impact n Earth’s climate.
毫无疑问, 人类对地球上的气候造成了影响。
②There is sme dubt whether their ftball team will win the match.
他们的足球队能否赢得这场比赛还不能确定。
③I dubt if/whether he will keep his wrd.
我不确定他是否会履行诺言。
④Peple dn’t dubt that the virus can be wiped ut.
人们确定这种病毒可以被消灭。
归纳拓展
（1）There is little/n dubt that…中dubt 是名词, that引导同位语从句, 说明dubt的具体内容。
（2）dubt作名词后接同位语从句时, 肯定句中用 whether 引导, 否定句和疑问句中常用 that 引导。
（3）dubt作动词后接宾语从句时, 表示“怀疑; 不确定”。当主句为肯定句时, 常用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句; 当主句为否定句或疑问句时, 常用that引导宾语从句。
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①I dn’t dubt that he can finish the task n time.
②Actually, the fficer dubted if/whether his sldiers culd refresh themselves in s shrt a time.
（2）完成句子
③毫无疑问, 这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语与外国人交流。
There is n dubt that this candidate’s advantage lies in his ability t cmmunicate with freigners in English.
2. 含蓄虚拟语气
Withut this prcess, Earth culd nt sustain life. 如果没有这个过程, 地球就无法维持生命。(教材P27)
典例翻译
①But fr the help f my English teacher, I wuld nt have wn first prize in the English Writing Cmpetitin.
如果没有我的英语老师的帮助, 我就不会在英语写作竞赛中获得一等奖。
②We lst ur way in that small village, therwise/r we wuld have visited mre places f interest yesterday.
我们在那个小村庄迷路了, 否则我们昨天会游览更多的景点。
③I wuld have rung her up but I lst her phne number.
我本打算给她打电话的, 但是我弄丢了她的电话号码。
④If it were t rain, the meeting wuld be put ff.
如果下雨, 会议就会推迟。
⑤If they were here, they wuld help us.
如果他们在这里, 他们会帮助我们的。
归纳拓展
（1）很多情况下表示虚拟的假设并不用条件状语从句表示, 而是通过语境或 withut, but fr , therwise, r , but 等表示。
（2）虚拟条件句中的虚拟：
学以致用
（1）完成句子
①没有他的支持, 我们就不会取得现在的成就。
Withut his supprt , we wuldn’t be what we are nw.
②要不是你的帮助和专业指导, 我们不可能做得这么好。
But fr yur help and prfessinal guidance , we culdn’t have dne s brilliantly.
（2）句型转换③I culdn’t have gt rid f alchl if yu hadn’t helped me. (用含蓄虚拟语气改为简单句)
= I culdn’t have gt rid f alchl withut/but fr yur help .
素养达标·迁移创新
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The graph （图表） shws hw huse prices have risen since the 1980s.
2.What the experts expect is that 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissins （排放）.
3.With spring arund the crner, snw is beginning t melt （融化）.
4.The way cffee is grwn affects the glbal eclgy （生态）.
5.The Rugh Guide t Nepal is a cmprehensive （全面的） guide t the regin.
6.China Tday attracts a wrldwide （世界各地的） readership and absrbs much attentin.
7.There is a grwing trend （趋势） twards earlier retirement.
8.The cncert will be bradcast （播放） live tmrrw evening.
9.The plicy （政策） has greatly stimulated wrk enthusiasm.
10.We all need t lk fr ways t reduce ur carbn ftprint （(足迹）.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
alng with; have an impact n; refer t; be trapped in; deal with; take respnsibility fr; result in; take measures; nt nly…but als…; be shcked by
1.We can find that artificial intelligence has already had an impact n ur lives in many ways.
2.The reprt n educatinal refrm deals with many prblems that parents are cncerned abut.
3.The public was/were shcked by the news that the virus culd survive fr a lng time at lw temperatures.
4.She lst her jb during that ecnmic crisis, alng with her yunger sister.
5.The girl never referred t anything unpleasant t her mther when they were talking.
6.At midnight we finally rescued the specialists wh were trapped in the valley.
7.The gvernment has prmised t take measures t help the unemplyed.
8.Many cmpanies clsed dwn in Ireland, resulting in a huge number f jb lsses.
9.After careful surveys, the plice cncluded that the bus driver shuld take respnsibility fr the accident.
10.She was nt nly intelligent but als very musical.
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
In recent years, climate change has had a great impact 1. animals. In 2013, the whle wrld 2. (shck) by a news pht f a dead plar bear n Nrway’s Arctic island f Svalbard. Due t the rise in temperature, the plar bear seemed 3. (die) frm lack f fd. Accrding t climate scientists, a key climate prcess, 4. is called the “greenhuse effect”, includes the “natural” greenhuse effect and the “man-made” greenhuse effect. The frmer refers t the fact that heat frm the sun 5. (enter) the atmsphere and warms Earth’s surface. Greenhuse gases in the atmsphere trap sme f the heat, 6. (keep)Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Hwever, the latter has becme 7. big prblem. When peple burn fssil fuels, mre heat energy is trapped in the atmsphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature t rise 8. (quick).
The evidence shws that the rise in temperature has led t an increase in extreme weather and natural 9. (disaster) wrldwide. Climate scientists warn that this warming trend will becme 10. (bad) if we d nt take apprpriate measures. The severe situatin requires peple all ver the wrld t pay mre attentin t it, because this is the mst serius issue affecting all f us n this planet.
1. n 2. was shcked 3. t have died 4. which 5. enters
6. keeping 7. a 8. quickly 9. disasters 10. wrse 主题学习目标
通过本单元学习了解不同的环境问题及保护地球的方法, 加深学生对人类命运共同体意识的理解, 培养学生的国际视野, 提高环保意识。
语言能力目标
核心单词
starve, eclgy, release, carbn, sustain, fuel, cmprehensive,
trend, frequently, bradcast, plicy, restrict, seize, basin, refrm,
harmnius, submit, anual, chas, nuclear, sensitive, jungle, smg,
vlume, garbage, enterprise, restre, cnservatin, dzen, inspectin,
fine, campaign, tlerate, agenda
重点词块
carbn dixide, fsil fuel, n behalf f, dzens f
单元语法
直接引语和间接引语
写作能力
根据本单元所学知识能够写一篇语言简洁、结构清晰的关于环境问题的报告。
教材原文
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION
We have knwn abut climate change fr decades. Thereis little dubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming cean and atmsphere alng with melting ice and rising sea levels prvide evidence f a dramatic change in the glbal climate.
In 2013, a lt f peple were shcked by a news pht f a dead plar bear that was fund n Nrway’s Arctic island f Svalbard. Accrding t the scientists wh fund its dead bdy, all that remained f the plar bear was “skin and bnes”. An expert wh has studied plar bears fr many years said that frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared t have starved and died. Experts claimed that lw sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear culd nt hunt seals as befre, s it had t travel greater distances in rder t find fd. This alarming case shwed hw the increase in temperature had an impact n Earth’s eclgy. Then what is causing the increase in the glbal average surface temperature? Climate scientists ften mentin a key climate prcess called the “greenhuse effect”, which has tw cmmn meanings: the “natural” greenhuse effect and the “man-made” greenhuse effect. The “natural” greenhuse effect refers t the fact that heat frm the sun enters the atmsphere and warms Earth’s surface as shrt-wave radiatin. The heat is released back int space at lnger wave lengths. Greenhuse gases in the atmsphere, such as methane and carbn dixide, trap sme f the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Withut this prcess, Earth culd nt sustain life. Hwever, the “man-made” greenhuse effect has nw becme a big prblem. When peple prduce huge amunts f extra greenhuse gases by burning fssil fuels, mre heat energy is trapped in the atmsphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature t rise quickly.
There is strng and cmprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led t an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide, nt nly causing serius damage, but als csting human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we d nt take apprpriate actins, this warming trend will prbably cntinue and there will be a higher price t pay. In fact, news reprts are frequently bradcast abut extreme rainstrms and heatwaves causing deaths and ecnmic lsses.
Cntinued greenhuse gas emissins will result in further warming and lng-lasting changes t the glbal climate. This requires the attentin f peple all ver the wrld. Gvernments need t cnsider making plicies and taking apprpriate actins and measures t reduce greenhuse gas emissins. We as individuals can als reduce ur “carbn ftprint” by restricting the amunt f carbn dixide ur lifestyles prduce. It is ur respnsibility t seize every pprtunity t educate everyne abut glbal warming, alng with its causes and impacts, because this is the mst serius issue affecting all f us n this planet. S what will yu d t help?
教材译文
气候变化需要全世界的关注
我们认识到气候变化已经有几十年时间了。毫无疑问, 地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。海洋和大气的变暖, 冰川融化和海平面上升, 均证明全球气候发生了急剧变化。
2013年, 一张新闻照片震惊了世人, 照片上是在挪威北极地区的斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现的一只北极熊的尸体。发现该尸体的科学家说, 这只北极熊只剩“皮包骨头”了。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说, 从尸体所处的姿势来看, 这只熊似乎是饿死的。专家称, 气候变化导致海冰面降低, 这就意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹, 所以为了能够找到食物, 它不得不长途跋涉。这一惊人的案例表明了气温升高是如何影响地球生态的。那么是什么导致了全球平均地表温度的上升呢？气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程, 它有两个常见的含义：“天然”温室效应和“人造”温室效应。“天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层, 并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。热量再以更大的波长被释放回大气层。大气层中的温室气体如甲烷和二氧化碳困住了部分热量, 使地球气候温暖、适宜居住。如果没有这个过程, 地球就无法维持生命。但是, 现在“人造”温室效应变成了一个大问题。当人们由于燃烧化石燃料, 产生大量额外的温室气体时, 更多的热能被困在大气层中, 这导致地表温度迅速上升。
有充分且全面的证据表明, 气温上升导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加, 不仅造成严重破坏, 还造成人员死亡。气候学家警告说, 如果我们再不采取适当的行动, 该变暖趋势可能会持续下去, 我们将付出更高的代价。事实上, 有关极端暴雨和热浪导致人员死亡和经济损失的消息常见于新闻报道。
持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖, 造成持久性的全球气候变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策, 采取适当的行动和措施, 以减少温室气体排放。作为个人, 我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会, 教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响, 因为这是影响这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。所以, 你会做些什么来帮忙呢？
句型公式
There is little/n dubt that…毫无疑问……
教材原句
There is little dubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问, 地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。
中文例句
毫无疑问, 如果我们不断尝试的话, 我们会成功的。
句式仿写
There is n dubt that we will succeed if we keep trying.
句型公式
There is evidence that…有证据表明……
教材原句
There is strng and cmprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led t an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide, nt nly causing serius damage, but als csting human lives. 有充分且全面的证据表明, 气温上升导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加, 不仅造成严重破坏, 还造成人员死亡。
中文例句
有充分的证据表明, 吃太多甜食对牙齿不好。
句式仿写
There is strng evidence that eating t much dessert is bad fr yur teeth.
句型公式
现在分词作结果状语
教材原句
Greenhuse gases in the atmsphere, such as methane and carbn dixide, trap sme f the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. 大气层中的温室气体如甲烷和二氧化碳困住了部分热量, 使地球气候温暖、适宜居住。
中文例句
2008年中国发生了一场可怕的地震, 造成了成千上万的人死亡。
句式仿写
A terrible earthquake happened in China in 2008, causing thusands f deaths .
Para. 1
The intrductin f the tpic
A 1. dramatic change in the glbal climate
Para. 2
A news pht f a dead plar bear
●The reasn fr its death:2. starvatin
●Glbal warming affected Earth’s eclgy.
Para. 3
Causes f the increase in temperature
●The “natural” greenhuse effect: keeping Earth’s climate warm and 3. habitable
●The “man-made” greenhuse effect: prducing huge amunts f 4. extra greenhuse gases
Para. 4
5. Results f the rise in temperature
●An increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide
●Serius damage, deaths and 6. ecnmic lsses
Para. 5
Measures t deal with glbal warming
●Gvernments need t make plicies and take measures t reduce greenhuse gas emissins.
●7. Individuals restrict the amunt f carbn dixide their lifestyles prduce.
●Educate everyne abut glbal warming, alng with its causes and 8. impacts .
从句
主句
对现在情况的虚拟
were/did
wuld/culd/might/shuld+d
对过去情况的虚拟
① had dne
wuld/culd/might/shuld+have dne
对将来情况的虚拟
were t d② shuld d were/did
wuld/culd/might/shuld+d