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2022届广东省佛山顺德市高三上学期一模英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022届广东省佛山顺德市高三上学期一模英语试题含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁， C 18等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届广东省佛山顺德市高三上学期一模英语试题
本试卷共 8 页，满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室 号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。因听说另考，试题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案写上在试卷上无效。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔 和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We all get anxious. While anxiety is a normal human emotion felt by all people at some point or another, anxiety disorders can make certain aspects of life unmanageable, such as social situations or test-taking at school.
It’s important for each person to find a daily routine and treatment approach that works for them. Self-help books that target anxiety management can be a very useful part of the treatment journey. Here are the best of them.
Be Calm
Designed to be used more as a reference book rather than as a “sit down and read” book, “Be Calm” is the result of techniques that author and psychologist Dr. Jill Weber has seen work for her patients after years of observation. The book can help you find relief from heightened anxiety quickly by using the reference guide to find options for relief at the moment.
Feeling Better
It targets teen issues specifically. Pressures from school, peers, and future goals can create confusion, stress, and anxiety. Understanding and implementing positive stress management techniques can help teenagers avoid falling into self-destructive stress management patterns. It contains essential skills and activities to help teens manage moods, boost self-esteem, and conquer anxiety.
Dare
The author Barry McDonagh is a trained physician with a wealth of experience treating and managing anxiety disorders. His techniques will help you minimize your panic attacks as well as give you the courage to face any anxious moments. He also recommends the right supplements that you can take to relieve your anxiety and gain your confidence back.
DBT® Skills
This is one of the books physicians recommend for anxiety. It contains different handouts and worksheets that give you detailed procedures to handle anxiety. Not only can these handouts and worksheets be used by professionals in treating anxiety but also they are written in an easy to read and understand manner so that you can easily understand it.
1. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To share books for anxiety. B. To recommend physicians.
C. To explain causes of anxiety. D. To give advice to patients.
2. Which book is especially helpful for teenagers?
A. Dare. B. Feeling Better. C. Be Calm. D. DBT® Skills.
3. What do we know about DBT® Skills?
A. It is written by physicians. B. It works best for professionals.
C. It has practical worksheets. D. It includes the author’s experiences.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了可以治疗焦虑的几本书籍。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s important for each person to find a daily routine and treatment approach that works for them. Self-help books that target anxiety management can be a very useful part of the treatment journey. Here are the best of them.”（对每个人来说，找到一个适合自己的日常生活和治疗方法是很重要的。针对焦虑管理的自助书籍是治疗过程中非常有用的一部分。以下是最好的书籍。）由此判断出，这篇课文的目的是分享治疗焦虑的书籍。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Feeling Better中的“It targets teen issues specifically.” （它专门针对青少年问题）由此可知，Feeling Better对青少年特别有帮助。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据DBT® Skills中的“It contains different handouts and worksheets that give you detailed procedures to handle anxiety.”（它包含了不同的讲义和工作表，介绍给你详细的处理焦虑的程序。）由此可知，DBT® Skills有实用的工作表。故选C项。
B
Madison stared through the window and watched a puffy white cloud pass over the woods across from the school. It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought. Total freedom. No math class to sit in, and her days would be spent on horseback. She thought of her horse, Star.
“Madison. Could you please join us again?” Mrs. Smith said. “I was just asking the class if anyone had any problems with the homework assignment.”
“Well, I didn’t have any problems doing it, but I had problems remembering to put it in my school bag after I did it.” Some giggling spread through the room.
“Madison. I don’t know what I am going to do with you. You’re such a smart girl but you just don’t apply yourself. Class, clear your desks. Our guest is here and welcome Doctor Landon. He is a veterinarian (兽医). He came here today as part of our continued Career Explorations Program.”
Madison tried to focus as Doctor Landon talked about how important grades were and how he struggled with math when he was a kid. Doctor Landon was still talking but she lost track of what he was saying. Then a word caught her attention. Horse. Was he talking about horses?
Gradually, Madison knew Doctor Landon had come to her town and house when her horse, Star, needed care. She liked it that he even knew her horse’s name. “So, you just travel around and take care of horses all day long?”
Doctor Landon nodded. “I travel with my truck to take care of horses and ponies across the county. It is a lot of work, but I love it.”
Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger. By the time she got off the bus that afternoon, her plans for the afternoon had changed. She was still going to ride Star, but first she was going to spend an hour studying math. Then tomorrow she’d spend an hour studying science.
4. Why was Madison called by Mrs. Smith in class?
A. Because she had problems with math.
B. Because she was absent-minded in class.
C. Because she was distracted by the birds outside.
D. Because she forgot to bring her homework back.
5. Why was Doctor Landon invited to the class?
A. To call for care for animals.
B. To enrich students’ outdoor activities.
C. To emphasize the importance of study.
D. To help students with their career choices.
6. What can be inferred about Madison from the last paragraph?
A. She was greatly inspired. B. She preferred math to science.
C. She didn’t believe Landon’s story. D. She changed her hobby completely.
7 Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. An Exciting Horse Riding B. An Interesting Math Class
C. Madison Dreams Big D. Madison Pursues Freedom
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩麦迪逊在数学课上总是心不在焉，在受到被邀请来帮助学生们进行职业选择的兰登医生的启发后，自己的行为发生巨大转变的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Madison stared through the window and watched a puffy white cloud pass over the woods across from the school. It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought.(麦迪逊凝视着窗外，看到一朵蓬松的白云在学校对面的树林里飘过。她想，做一只鸟一定很奇妙)”及第四段中的“You’re such a smart girl but you just don’t apply yourself.(你是个很聪明的女孩，但就是不用功)”可知，麦迪逊在课堂上被史密斯太太叫了一声，因为她上课心不在焉。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He came here today as part of our continued Career Explorations Program.(他今天来到这里，是我们继续职业探索项目的一部分)”可知，兰登医生被邀请来上课来帮助学生们进行职业选择。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger. By the time she got off the bus that afternoon, her plans for the afternoon had changed. She was still going to ride Star, but first she was going to spend an hour studying math. Then tomorrow she’d spend an hour studying science.(麦迪逊张大了嘴。那该是怎样的一种生活啊，她想。就在那一刻，坐在教室里的麦迪逊看到了自己的未来，她的生活突然变得更美好了。那天下午她下车的时候，她下午的计划已经改变了。她还是要骑星际，但首先她要花一个小时学习数学。然后明天她会花一个小时学习科学)”可推知，麦迪逊深受鼓舞，行为也发生了巨大改变。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought.(她想，做一只鸟一定很奇妙)”及最后一段中的“Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger.(麦迪逊张大了嘴。那该是怎样的一种生活啊，她想。就在那一刻，坐在教室里的麦迪逊看到了自己的未来，她的生活突然变得更美好了)”可知，全文讲述了麦迪逊对自己生活的梦想。由此可知，Madison Dreams Big(麦迪逊的远大梦想)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
C
Would you sail over 12,900 kilometres across the Pacific Ocean in a boat made from plastic bottles?
In 2010, a crew of six people did. They sailed on the Plastiki, an 18.3-metre boat made from recycled materials. Everything about the Plastiki was environmentally friendly. The sails were produced from recycled plastic and the masts that held them from used aluminum pipes. Organic materials, such as glue made from nuts and sugar, were used to keep the bottles in place. To power the boat, solar panels and wind turbines were used.
During the journey, crew members lived in a plastic cabin. Their daily routine consisted of sleeping, eating and doing chores. For food, they mainly survived on fresh vegetables grown in a hanging garden as well as canned and dried food. They also ate fresh fish, but were surprised to discover that they found more plastic than fish. “From above, the oceans still look beautiful and untouched,” David said, “but just below the surface is this toxic stew that could quickly end up on our dinner plates.”
The leader, David, organised the voyage in order to draw people’s attention to the environmental dangers our oceans face and the need to recycle plastic. He planned to visit damaged coral reefs and islands in danger from rising sea levels. However, his most important objective was to see the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a huge mass of plastic particles floating in the North Pacific. David hoped that, by sailing through the Patch, he could show the world how serious plastic pollution had become.
Unfortunately, the Plastiki was more difficult to control than expected. Therefore, the boat missed its main destination. However, the crew did make stops at islands in the mid-Pacific, where they picked up supplies and talked to local students. Along the way, they battled fierce ocean storms, torn sails and temperatures that reached up to 38°C.
When the Plastiki finally sailed into Sydney’s harbour, the crew were greeted by cheers. The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. It had also revealed that it was more important than ever to deliver a serious message: our oceans are filling up with plastic faster than we thought.
8. What was special about the Plastiki?
A. It had high-tech equipment. B. It was made of green materials.
C. It once crossed the Pacific Ocean. D. It had a professional crew on it.
9. What was the purpose of the Plastiki’s voyage?
A. To protect endangered ocean life. B. To test the safety of a new boat.
C. To stop people using plastic products. D. To highlight the plastic waste problem.
10. Which of the following best describes Plastiki’s voyage?
A. Boring but carbon-free. B. Controversial but fruitful.
C. Aimless but comfortable. D. Challenging but significant.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph?
A. Limited resources should be valued.
B. Actions must be taken by individuals.
C. Plastic waste can be turned into treasure.
D. Environmental problems can be easily solved.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2010年，一组六人的船员乘坐回收的塑料瓶制成的船穿越太平洋的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They sailed on the Plastiki, an 18.3-metre boat made from recycled materials. Everything about the Plastiki was environmentally friendly. The sails were produced from recycled plastic and the masts that held them from used aluminum pipes. Organic materials, such as glue made from nuts and sugar, were used to keep the bottles in place.(他们乘坐的是由回收材料制成的长18.3米的船Plastiki号。Plastiki号的一切都是环保的。帆是用回收塑料制成的，桅杆是用用过的铝管制成的。有机材料，如坚果和糖制成的胶水，被用来保持瓶子的位置)”可知，Plastiki号是由绿色材料（环保材料）制成的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, his most important objective was to see the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a huge mass of plastic particles floating in the North Pacific. David hoped that, by sailing through the Patch, he could show the world how serious plastic pollution had become. (然而，他最重要的目标是查看大太平洋垃圾带，北太平洋上漂浮着大量的塑料颗粒。大卫希望，通过航行穿过这个地方，他可以向世界展示塑料污染有多严重)”可知，他们航行的目的是强调塑料垃圾问题。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Unfortunately, the Plastiki was more difficult to control than expected. Therefore, the boat missed its main destination. However, the crew did make stops at islands in the mid-Pacific, where they picked up supplies and talked to local students. Along the way, they battled fierce ocean storms, torn sails and temperatures that reached up to 38°C.(不幸的是，Plastiki号比预期的更难控制。因此，船错过了它的主要目的地。然而，船员们在太平洋中部的岛屿停留，在那里他们拿起了补给，并与当地学生交谈。一路上，他们与猛烈的海洋风暴、撕裂的船帆和高达38摄氏度的气温作斗争)”以及最后一段中“The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. (Plastiki号的航行告诉我们，如果我们知道如何有效地利用废物，它们就可以转化为有价值的资源)”可以推知，Plastiki号的航行具有挑战性但意义重大。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. (Plastiki号的航行告诉我们，如果我们知道如何有效地利用废物，它们就可以转化为有价值的资源)”可推知，塑料垃圾可以变成财富。故选C项。
D
Prosthetic limbs (义肢) have been around for a long time. The oldest known dates back more than 3,000 years. But prosthetics which behave like the real thing, as well as looking like it, are still very much a work in progress. And a group at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, in China, have just come up with a significant advance — an affordable prosthetic hand that not only responds like a real one to signals from the wearer’s brain, but is also able to signal back to the brain what it is touching and doing.
Gu Guoying and his colleagues describe their invention in Nature Biomedical Engineering. Its fingers are made of rigid tubes, connected to a 3D-printed plastic palm. In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.
The big advance is that it does not require invasive surgery or electronic implants into the residual limb to communicate with the user’s brain. Sensors on the skin record electrical activity from the remaining arm muscles. In an intact arm, this activity would tell those muscles how to operate the hand.
Dr Gu and his colleagues compared the efficacy of their invention with that of existing models using tests including writing, grasping and lifting objects, lifting food to the mouth. Normally, they found, it worked better — particularly for delicate tasks like handling fragile objects, petting a cat and shaking hands.
The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap. The components it is made from cost about $500. Existing models may sell for $10,000 or more. If it, or something similar, goes into production, that will permit the transformation of many more of the lives of the 5 million people who have lost a hand, or were born without one, than is possible at the moment.
12. What mainly makes Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand lighter?
A. It is held in a waist bag. B. It is made of 3D-printing plastic.
C. It is powered in a different way. D. It has specially designed fingers.
13. What does the underlined word “efficacy” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Design. B. System.
C. Construction. D. Performance.
14. Which mainly contributes to the wider use of Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand?
A. Affordable price.
B. Smooth operation.
C. Advanced technology
D. Striking appearance.
15. The text is mainly about Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand’s ________.
A. materials B. advantages
C. invention process D. research team
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国上海交通大学的一个研究小组刚刚提出了一项重大进展——一种价格合理的假手，它不仅能像真手一样对佩戴者大脑发出的信号做出反应，而且还能向大脑发出它正在触摸和做什么的信号。短文介绍了顾博士发明的假手的优势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.”（与目前的电动型号相比，顾博士发明的假手是由一个装在腰包里的泵气动驱动的。这使它的重量减少到300克以下——是目前一些型号的一半，而且实际上比一只真正的手的重量还要轻。）由此可知，它以不同的方式供给动力使得顾博士的假手更轻。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“Dr Gu and his colleagues compared the efficacy of their invention with that of existing models using tests including writing, grasping and lifting objects, lifting food to the mouth.”（顾博士和他的同事将他们发明的efficacy与现有型号的efficacy进行了比较，使用的测试包括书写、抓取和举起物体，以及将食物送到嘴里。）由此可知，此处测试的是功能或性能，可得出顾博士和他的同事们将他们的发明的性能与现有型号的性能进行了对比。由此可知，划线词efficacy的意思是“Performance (性能)”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap. The components it is made from cost about $500. Existing models may sell for $10,000 or more. If it, or something similar, goes into production, that will permit the transformation of many more of the lives of the 5 million people who have lost a hand, or were born without one, than is possible at the moment.”（顾博士发明的另一个吸引人之处是它便宜。由其制成的部件价格约为500美元。现有型号的售价可能在10000美元或以上。如果它或类似的东西投入生产，这将使500万失去一只手或出生时没有一只手的人的生活可能发生比目前更多的变化。）由此可知，可支付的价格使得顾博士的假手得以更广泛的应用。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“ In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.”（与目前的电动型号不同，顾博士发明的假手是由一个装在腰包里的泵气动驱动的。这使它的重量减少到300克以下——是目前一些型号的一半，而且实际上比一只真正的手的重量还要轻。），第三段“The big advance is that it does not require invasive surgery or electronic implants into the residual limb to communicate with the user’s brain.”（最大的进步是它不需要侵入性手术或电子植入残肢来与用户的大脑进行交流。），第四段“Normally, they found, it worked better — particularly for delicate tasks like handling fragile objects, petting a cat and shaking hands. ”（他们发现，通常情况下，假手工作的更好——特别是在处理易碎物品、抚摸猫和握手等精细任务中。），根据最后一段“The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap.”（顾博士发明的另一个吸引人之处是它便宜）由此可知，短文主要介绍了顾博士发明的假手的优势。故选B项。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
A staycation is a combination of the words “stay” and “vacation”, and is used to describe holidays which are taken in one’s own country. This can include anything from a city break to a seaside or countryside holiday.
A staycation doesn’t have one specific purpose. It can be about relaxing and taking things slow. ____16____ And although it doesn’t give you the same excitement as going abroad, it’s a more sustainable way of traveling.
The concept of a staycation was first created in the aftermath of the 2008 market crisis in the US. ____17____ They started turning towards holidays in their home country, as these worked out much more affordably, making staycations increasingly popular.
____18____ More and more destinations are becoming conscious of the negative impacts of overtourism, with plans to introduce tourist caps. Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.
____19____ They support the local economy. Local restaurants, shops, hotels and other businesses all gain profit from local tourism. Besides, unlike holidays abroad which you have to book time away from work, you can take staycations anytime you want.____20____
A. They can be done over the weekend.
B Many people were eager to find a relaxing escape.
C. Many people had to limit their budgets for holidays.
D. It was a great option to relax without breaking the bank.
E. The benefits of staycations are not limited to being green.
F. Another factor is growing concerns about the environment.
G. It can also be about experiencing new things in your backyard.
【答案】16 G 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了居家度假的由来和益处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“It can be about relaxing and taking things slow.”（它可能是关于放松和休闲）可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续解释标题“居家度假没有一个特定的目的”，故G选项“也可以是在后院体验新事物”切题。故选G选项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The concept of a staycation was first created in the aftermath of the 2008 market crisis in the US.”（在2008年美国市场危机之后，人们首次提出了居家度假的概念）可知，说明市场危机对于人们假期预算造成的影响。2008 market crisis呼应limit their budgets for holidays。故C选项“许多人不得不限制假期的预算”切题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“More and more destinations are becoming conscious of the negative impacts of overtourism, with plans to introduce tourist caps. Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.”（越来越多的旅游目的地开始意识到过度旅游的负面影响，并计划引入旅游限额。在家度假是减少碳足迹的好方法，因为需要的交通和旅行的相关需求要少得多。）可知，选项在说明导致居家度假产生另一个因素——环境因素。故F选项“另一个因素是对环境的日益关注”切题。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“They support the local economy.”（还支持当地经济）可知选项与下文为并列关系在说明居家度假的益处。再根据上文Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.”（在家度假是减少碳足迹的好方法，因为需要的交通和旅行的相关需求要少得多）可知，选项承接上文。故E选项“居家度假的好处不仅限于环保”。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Besides, unlike holidays abroad which you have to book time away from work, you can take staycations anytime you want.”（此外，不像国外度假，你必须预订工作以外的时间，你可以随时在家度假）选项承接上文说明具体的度假时间。故A选项“可以在周末完成居家度假”。故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna Kiesenhofer became the first Austrian Olympic gold medalist in Tokyo 2020. She wasn’t considered a threat at all. “Finishing in the Top 25 would have been a ____21____ result.” She said later.
No one____22____ she would win. For the whole 85 miles, she competed against a group of ____23____ competitors — cycling superstars, world champions... until some seemed not to know she remained up the road, alone.
Confused? At least Van Vleuten was. When she crossed the finish line smiling, arms ____24____, under the impression that she’d won gold, she didn’t ____25____ the race had been won by Anna, a math Ph.D.
Anna’s win was actually more____26____. She was the only cyclist from her country, leaving her no teammates she could ____27____ in the race. At the beginning, there was little hope she might win, but it was only going solo for the last 40 kilometers when she____28____ “riding for gold”. As it turned out, competing without much weight of____29____ helped Anna win. She entered the race without a professional team and_____30_____ with a gold medal. She wrote a (an) _____31_____ of her own into the history of the Olympics.
Outside of cycling, Anna has earned a Ph.D in applied mathematics. As a successful
_____32_____, she says she has been used to solving problems on her own. “I like to be _____33_____, and that’s the way I approach cycling.” Asked what words she would share to an aspiring young rider, she responded, “I’m not _____34_____ to accept what makes me unique. I dare to be different. This means I’m also_____35_____, and that’s exactly what happened in the race.”
21. A. nice B. heartbreaking C. desired D. puzzling
22. A. found B. accepted C. believed D. cared
23. A. sensitive B. fierce C. local D. friendly
24. A. raised B. folded C. bent D. dropped
25. A. admit B. know C. imagine D. hear
26. A. ridiculous B. difficult C. convincing D. impressive
27. A. learn from B. compete with C. rely on D. get along with
28. A. regretted B. forgot C. continued D. started
29. A. promise B. expectation C. responsibility D. mission
30. A. left B. cheered C. launched D. struggled
31. A. rule B. program C. story D. introduction
32. A. coach B. academic C. artist D. engineer
33. A. independent B. creative C. energetic D. logical
34. A. willing B. certain C. eager D. afraid
35. A. mature B. changeable C. unsocial D. unpredictable
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Anna Kiesenhofer在2020年东京奥运会上成为首位奥地利奥运金牌得主，讲述了她参赛的经过以及一些个人感悟。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入前25名将是一个很好的结果。A. nice好的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；C. desired渴望的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“Finishing in the Top 25”可知Anna想的是进入前25名就是比赛的好结果了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人相信她会赢。A. found发现；B. accepted接受；C. believed相信；D. cared关心。根据后文“competitors — cycling superstars, world champions... until some seemed not to know she remained up the road, alone”可知竞争激烈，没人相信Anna会赢。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在整整85英里的赛程中，她面对的是一群激烈的竞争者——自行车超级明星、世界冠军……。A. sensitive敏感的；B. fierce激烈的；C. local当地的；D. friendly友好的。根据后文“cycling superstars, world champions”可知参赛的有自行车超级明星、世界冠军，可见竞争激烈。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，以为自己赢得了金牌，但她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。A. raised提起，举起；B. folded折叠；C. bent弯曲；D. dropped落下。根据上文“she crossed the finish line, smiling, arms”可知Van Vleuten 冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，以为自己赢得了金牌，但她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。A. admit承认；B. know知道；C. imagine想象；D. hear听见。根据后文“the race had been won by Anna, a math Ph.D.”可知她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安娜的胜利实际上更令人印象深刻。A. ridiculous可笑的；B. difficult困难的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据后文“She was the only cyclist from her country”可知Anna是她的国家里唯一的自行车手，这一点让她的胜利更令人印象深刻。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她是她的国家里唯一的自行车手，在比赛中她没有可以依靠的队友。A. learn from学习；B. compete with竞争；C. rely on依赖；D. get along with和睦相处。根据上文“She was the only cyclist from her country, leaving her no teammates she could”可知Anna是她国家来的唯一一个自行车手，所以在比赛中她没有可以依靠的队友。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，她夺冠的希望很小，但当她开始“夺金”时，只有最后40公里是单飞。A. regretted后悔；B. forgot忘记；C. continued继续；D. started开始。根据后文“riding for gold”指Anna开始为了“夺金”而努力，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果是，对比赛没有太多期望帮助Anna赢了。A. promise承诺；B. expectation期待；C. responsibility责任；D. mission使命。根据上文可知对手实力都很强，而Anna想的是进前25名就很好了，所以对比赛没有太多期望帮助Anna赢了。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参赛前她没有进行专业的训练，却获得了金牌。A. left离开；B. cheered欢呼；C. launched启动；D. struggled挣扎。根据后文“with a gold medal”指Anna带着金牌离开了，即：获得了金牌。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己的故事写进了奥林匹克史册。A. rule规则；B. program项目；C. story故事；D. introduction介绍。根据后文“of her own into the history of the Olympics”指把自己的比赛故事写进了奥林匹克史册。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名成功的学者，她说她已经习惯了自己解决问题。A. coach教练；B. academic学者；C. artist艺术家；D. engineer工程师。根据上文“Outside of cycling, Anna has earned a Ph.D in applied mathematics.”可知Anna是一名成功的学者。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独立，这就是为什么我选择了骑自行车。A. independent独立的；B. creative有创造力的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. logical逻辑的。根据上文“she says she has been used to solving problems on her own.”可知Anna喜欢独立，自己解决问题。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不害怕接受让我与众不同的东西。A. willing乐意的；B. certain必然的；C. eager热切的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“I dare to be different.”可知Anna不害怕接受让自己与众不同的东西。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我也是不可预测的，而这正是在比赛中发生的事情。A. mature成熟的；B. changeable多变的；C. unsocial不合群的；D. unpredictable不可预测的。根据后文“that’s exactly what happened in the race.”以及比赛中Anna出乎意料，意外获胜，可知这里指不可预测。故选D。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，总分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气). Autumn Equinox (秋分), the____36____(sixteen) solar term of the year, begins this year on September 23rd and ends on October 7th. Autumn Equinox____37____(lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts.
As is said in____38____ancient book, “It is on Autumn Equinox day____39____the Yin and Yang are in a balance of power. Thus, the day and night are of equal length, and____40____ are the cold and hot weather.” After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, ____41____(make) days shorter and nights longer.
By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. When the cold air meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfalls are the result. The temperature also drops____42____ (frequent).
On Autumn Equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on end. According to ____43____ (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. But some also say that standing the egg has nothing to do with the time. The most important thing is to shift the egg’ s center of gravity to the ____44____ (low) part of the egg. _____45_____ this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk sinks as much as possible.
【答案】36. sixteenth##16th
37. lies 38. an
39. that 40. so
41. making 42. frequently
43. experts
44. lowest 45. In
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历的第十六个节气——秋分，介绍了秋分的含义和天气变化等情况。
【36题详解】
考查数词。句意：秋分是一年中第16个节气，今年从9月23日开始到10月7日结束。此处表示“第十六个”应用序数词sixteenth或16th。故填sixteenth /16th。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：秋分位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成相等的两部分。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Autumn Equinox，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。” book为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查强调句。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。”去掉it is和空处，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，此处为强调句句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处被强调部分为on Autumn Equinox day，应用that。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：因此，白天和夜晚是一样的长度，寒冷和炎热的天气也是一样的。此处为句型“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”，表示“……也一样”。故填so。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一天之后，阳光直射的位置移向南方，白天变短，夜晚变长。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与逻辑主语the location of direct sunlight moves to the south构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：气温也经常下降。修饰动词drop应用副词frequently，作状语。故填frequently。
43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：据专家介绍，在春分和秋分这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳轨道的力量处于相对平衡状态。expert为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填experts。
【44题详解】
考查最高级。句意：最重要的是把鸡蛋的重心移到鸡蛋的最低部分。根据上文定冠词the以及句意“最低”可知应用形容词最高级。故填lowest。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：用这种方法，诀窍就是把鸡蛋放在一边，直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。结合句意表示“用这种方法”短语为in this way，句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是学校英文报纸的记者。你校在国庆假期组织学生到顺德顺峰山公园开展青年志愿服务活动。请写一则活动报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, with the aim of building a better community. The volunteer students offered various services to tourists. Some set up booths in the park, introducing and promoting intangible cultural relics in Shunde. Others offered timely response for tourists who got lost. Still others picked up the garbage and replaced the shared bikes on the pathway.
This voluntary service was thought highly of by visitors and the community. While tourists had a better day, students gained social experience and practiced their communication skills.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生写一则关于学校在国庆假期组织学生到顺德顺峰山公园开展青年志愿服务活动的报道，介绍其时间，地点，活动内容以及反响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目标/目的：purpose/goal→aim
宣传/推广：advertise→promote
被赞扬：be praised→be thought highly of
获得：get→gain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, with the aim of building a better community.
拓展句：On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, which aims to build a better community.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Some set up booths in the park, introducing and promoting intangible cultural relics in Shunde. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]
Others offered timely response for tourists who got lost. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 （满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Going to Nationals!” We were all screaming and jumping. Kate, Jenny, Wendy and I embraced each other, bouncing. “Good job, Tara.” Said Kate as she put an arm around me. I am the youngest on the relay race team, but I'm fast. When I run, I leave the skin of my shyness behind, and I feel like a horseman on the Mongolian grassland, free, without boundaries.
Everybody ran to their parents in the bleachers ( 露天看台). My Mom didn’t make it. Again. I grabbed my phone and called her. It took a while for her to answer. “Yes, hi dear.” “Mom, we won states, and we are going to nationals.” I burst out in one breath. “Great! Let’s talk later; I’ll pick you up from school.” I wanted to say: “Is that it? Why aren’t you proud of me? All other parents are here, why aren’t you?” but all I did was“OK, see you soon.”Does she see me? Do I matter?
It was late after 9 PM. All the parents picked up their children, but my Mom wasn’t here yet. Coach Johnson waited with me. We just stood. A speeding car turned the corner; it was my Mom’s Toyota. Coach patted me on the back and left.
“I am so sorry I am late.Time just flew.” Said Mom. I wanted to cry in disappointment and tell her that I hate to be always last to be picked up and never have her come to my sporting contests, school plays, or anything else; ask her why she won’t make time for me. But when I looked at her and saw her tired eyes and clenched jaw (咬紧下巴), I just said: “That's OK, Mom, I understand.” Her jaw had stayed clenched since we came to this country as Mom would say: “with two pieces of luggage, a three-year-old (me), and $700.”
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nationals finally came and my Mom came for the first time ever.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Nationals finally came and My Mom came for the first time ever. Seeing my Mom in the bleachers, I was especially excited. I was like racehorses at the gate: nervously waiting and heads held high. I was the last runner in our team.“ I have to seal the win.” I told myself. After Wendy passed the baton in my hand, I exploded forward. The crowd were screaming. My thoughts rocked with the pulse of the blood.I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I hit the floor and dropped the baton. My world had just ended.
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself. My legs were all bloody, but that's not what hurt. I disappointed everybody. After a while, my mom, with red eyes, found me. “I will quit the team.” I whispered. “No, love! You had the best time in the race. It was an accident.” She continued to make me feel good, but I heard only her soft voice coming as a warm embrace at me, and then I cried out my sorrow,“ You're… never at my meets… always late… you don't have time… you're not proud of me.” Her voice dropped,“I love you so much that I wanted to build a stronger boat for us. I am proud of you every second.” Thirsty for those words, I ran into herarms. The next day, I went back to the track. When I looked at my Mom in the bleachers, we smiled.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学赢得了洲际比赛，将要冲向全国的比赛，但是别的同学的父母都到场和自己的孩子一起欢呼时，作者只能打电话给母亲，电话那头母亲没有表示祝贺，作者因此感到很失望，作者希望母亲能来现场看比赛，也希望母亲能够早点来接自己，但是想到母亲一直咬紧牙关养育自己，作者的内心的想法也说不出口。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全国赛终于来了，我妈第一次来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者母亲来看作者比赛的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“我让大家失望了，我跑出去躲起来。”可知，第二段可描写作者比赛失误后的羞愧，母亲的鼓励。
2.续写线索：母亲看作者比赛——比赛失误——作者感到羞愧——母亲的安慰和鼓励——作者和母亲误会解开
3.词汇激活
行为类
①降低：fall/lower
②使失望：disappoint/upset
③离开：quit/depart from
情绪类
①温柔的：soft/gentle
②激动的：excited/agitated
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I love you so much that I wanted to build a stronger boat for us.(由so…that引导结果状语从句）
2022届广东省佛山顺德市高三上学期一模英语试题
本试卷共 8 页，满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室 号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。因听说另考，试题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案写上在试卷上无效。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔 和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We all get anxious. While anxiety is a normal human emotion felt by all people at some point or another, anxiety disorders can make certain aspects of life unmanageable, such as social situations or test-taking at school.
It’s important for each person to find a daily routine and treatment approach that works for them. Self-help books that target anxiety management can be a very useful part of the treatment journey. Here are the best of them.
Be Calm
Designed to be used more as a reference book rather than as a “sit down and read” book, “Be Calm” is the result of techniques that author and psychologist Dr. Jill Weber has seen work for her patients after years of observation. The book can help you find relief from heightened anxiety quickly by using the reference guide to find options for relief at the moment.
Feeling Better
It targets teen issues specifically. Pressures from school, peers, and future goals can create confusion, stress, and anxiety. Understanding and implementing positive stress management techniques can help teenagers avoid falling into self-destructive stress management patterns. It contains essential skills and activities to help teens manage moods, boost self-esteem, and conquer anxiety.
Dare
The author Barry McDonagh is a trained physician with a wealth of experience treating and managing anxiety disorders. His techniques will help you minimize your panic attacks as well as give you the courage to face any anxious moments. He also recommends the right supplements that you can take to relieve your anxiety and gain your confidence back.
DBT® Skills
This is one of the books physicians recommend for anxiety. It contains different handouts and worksheets that give you detailed procedures to handle anxiety. Not only can these handouts and worksheets be used by professionals in treating anxiety but also they are written in an easy to read and understand manner so that you can easily understand it.
1. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To share books for anxiety. B. To recommend physicians.
C. To explain causes of anxiety. D. To give advice to patients.
2. Which book is especially helpful for teenagers?
A. Dare. B. Feeling Better. C. Be Calm. D. DBT® Skills.
3. What do we know about DBT® Skills?
A. It is written by physicians. B. It works best for professionals.
C. It has practical worksheets. D. It includes the author’s experiences.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了可以治疗焦虑的几本书籍。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s important for each person to find a daily routine and treatment approach that works for them. Self-help books that target anxiety management can be a very useful part of the treatment journey. Here are the best of them.”（对每个人来说，找到一个适合自己的日常生活和治疗方法是很重要的。针对焦虑管理的自助书籍是治疗过程中非常有用的一部分。以下是最好的书籍。）由此判断出，这篇课文的目的是分享治疗焦虑的书籍。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Feeling Better中的“It targets teen issues specifically.” （它专门针对青少年问题）由此可知，Feeling Better对青少年特别有帮助。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据DBT® Skills中的“It contains different handouts and worksheets that give you detailed procedures to handle anxiety.”（它包含了不同的讲义和工作表，介绍给你详细的处理焦虑的程序。）由此可知，DBT® Skills有实用的工作表。故选C项。
B
Madison stared through the window and watched a puffy white cloud pass over the woods across from the school. It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought. Total freedom. No math class to sit in, and her days would be spent on horseback. She thought of her horse, Star.
“Madison. Could you please join us again?” Mrs. Smith said. “I was just asking the class if anyone had any problems with the homework assignment.”
“Well, I didn’t have any problems doing it, but I had problems remembering to put it in my school bag after I did it.” Some giggling spread through the room.
“Madison. I don’t know what I am going to do with you. You’re such a smart girl but you just don’t apply yourself. Class, clear your desks. Our guest is here and welcome Doctor Landon. He is a veterinarian (兽医). He came here today as part of our continued Career Explorations Program.”
Madison tried to focus as Doctor Landon talked about how important grades were and how he struggled with math when he was a kid. Doctor Landon was still talking but she lost track of what he was saying. Then a word caught her attention. Horse. Was he talking about horses?
Gradually, Madison knew Doctor Landon had come to her town and house when her horse, Star, needed care. She liked it that he even knew her horse’s name. “So, you just travel around and take care of horses all day long?”
Doctor Landon nodded. “I travel with my truck to take care of horses and ponies across the county. It is a lot of work, but I love it.”
Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger. By the time she got off the bus that afternoon, her plans for the afternoon had changed. She was still going to ride Star, but first she was going to spend an hour studying math. Then tomorrow she’d spend an hour studying science.
4. Why was Madison called by Mrs. Smith in class?
A. Because she had problems with math.
B. Because she was absent-minded in class.
C. Because she was distracted by the birds outside.
D. Because she forgot to bring her homework back.
5. Why was Doctor Landon invited to the class?
A. To call for care for animals.
B. To enrich students’ outdoor activities.
C. To emphasize the importance of study.
D. To help students with their career choices.
6. What can be inferred about Madison from the last paragraph?
A. She was greatly inspired. B. She preferred math to science.
C. She didn’t believe Landon’s story. D. She changed her hobby completely.
7 Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. An Exciting Horse Riding B. An Interesting Math Class
C. Madison Dreams Big D. Madison Pursues Freedom
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩麦迪逊在数学课上总是心不在焉，在受到被邀请来帮助学生们进行职业选择的兰登医生的启发后，自己的行为发生巨大转变的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Madison stared through the window and watched a puffy white cloud pass over the woods across from the school. It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought.(麦迪逊凝视着窗外，看到一朵蓬松的白云在学校对面的树林里飘过。她想，做一只鸟一定很奇妙)”及第四段中的“You’re such a smart girl but you just don’t apply yourself.(你是个很聪明的女孩，但就是不用功)”可知，麦迪逊在课堂上被史密斯太太叫了一声，因为她上课心不在焉。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He came here today as part of our continued Career Explorations Program.(他今天来到这里，是我们继续职业探索项目的一部分)”可知，兰登医生被邀请来上课来帮助学生们进行职业选择。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger. By the time she got off the bus that afternoon, her plans for the afternoon had changed. She was still going to ride Star, but first she was going to spend an hour studying math. Then tomorrow she’d spend an hour studying science.(麦迪逊张大了嘴。那该是怎样的一种生活啊，她想。就在那一刻，坐在教室里的麦迪逊看到了自己的未来，她的生活突然变得更美好了。那天下午她下车的时候，她下午的计划已经改变了。她还是要骑星际，但首先她要花一个小时学习数学。然后明天她会花一个小时学习科学)”可推知，麦迪逊深受鼓舞，行为也发生了巨大改变。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“It must be wonderful to be a bird, she thought.(她想，做一只鸟一定很奇妙)”及最后一段中的“Madison’s mouth fell open. What a life that must be, she thought. At that moment, sitting in class, Madison could see her future and her life suddenly seemed bigger.(麦迪逊张大了嘴。那该是怎样的一种生活啊，她想。就在那一刻，坐在教室里的麦迪逊看到了自己的未来，她的生活突然变得更美好了)”可知，全文讲述了麦迪逊对自己生活的梦想。由此可知，Madison Dreams Big(麦迪逊的远大梦想)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
C
Would you sail over 12,900 kilometres across the Pacific Ocean in a boat made from plastic bottles?
In 2010, a crew of six people did. They sailed on the Plastiki, an 18.3-metre boat made from recycled materials. Everything about the Plastiki was environmentally friendly. The sails were produced from recycled plastic and the masts that held them from used aluminum pipes. Organic materials, such as glue made from nuts and sugar, were used to keep the bottles in place. To power the boat, solar panels and wind turbines were used.
During the journey, crew members lived in a plastic cabin. Their daily routine consisted of sleeping, eating and doing chores. For food, they mainly survived on fresh vegetables grown in a hanging garden as well as canned and dried food. They also ate fresh fish, but were surprised to discover that they found more plastic than fish. “From above, the oceans still look beautiful and untouched,” David said, “but just below the surface is this toxic stew that could quickly end up on our dinner plates.”
The leader, David, organised the voyage in order to draw people’s attention to the environmental dangers our oceans face and the need to recycle plastic. He planned to visit damaged coral reefs and islands in danger from rising sea levels. However, his most important objective was to see the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a huge mass of plastic particles floating in the North Pacific. David hoped that, by sailing through the Patch, he could show the world how serious plastic pollution had become.
Unfortunately, the Plastiki was more difficult to control than expected. Therefore, the boat missed its main destination. However, the crew did make stops at islands in the mid-Pacific, where they picked up supplies and talked to local students. Along the way, they battled fierce ocean storms, torn sails and temperatures that reached up to 38°C.
When the Plastiki finally sailed into Sydney’s harbour, the crew were greeted by cheers. The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. It had also revealed that it was more important than ever to deliver a serious message: our oceans are filling up with plastic faster than we thought.
8. What was special about the Plastiki?
A. It had high-tech equipment. B. It was made of green materials.
C. It once crossed the Pacific Ocean. D. It had a professional crew on it.
9. What was the purpose of the Plastiki’s voyage?
A. To protect endangered ocean life. B. To test the safety of a new boat.
C. To stop people using plastic products. D. To highlight the plastic waste problem.
10. Which of the following best describes Plastiki’s voyage?
A. Boring but carbon-free. B. Controversial but fruitful.
C. Aimless but comfortable. D. Challenging but significant.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph?
A. Limited resources should be valued.
B. Actions must be taken by individuals.
C. Plastic waste can be turned into treasure.
D. Environmental problems can be easily solved.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2010年，一组六人的船员乘坐回收的塑料瓶制成的船穿越太平洋的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They sailed on the Plastiki, an 18.3-metre boat made from recycled materials. Everything about the Plastiki was environmentally friendly. The sails were produced from recycled plastic and the masts that held them from used aluminum pipes. Organic materials, such as glue made from nuts and sugar, were used to keep the bottles in place.(他们乘坐的是由回收材料制成的长18.3米的船Plastiki号。Plastiki号的一切都是环保的。帆是用回收塑料制成的，桅杆是用用过的铝管制成的。有机材料，如坚果和糖制成的胶水，被用来保持瓶子的位置)”可知，Plastiki号是由绿色材料（环保材料）制成的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, his most important objective was to see the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a huge mass of plastic particles floating in the North Pacific. David hoped that, by sailing through the Patch, he could show the world how serious plastic pollution had become. (然而，他最重要的目标是查看大太平洋垃圾带，北太平洋上漂浮着大量的塑料颗粒。大卫希望，通过航行穿过这个地方，他可以向世界展示塑料污染有多严重)”可知，他们航行的目的是强调塑料垃圾问题。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Unfortunately, the Plastiki was more difficult to control than expected. Therefore, the boat missed its main destination. However, the crew did make stops at islands in the mid-Pacific, where they picked up supplies and talked to local students. Along the way, they battled fierce ocean storms, torn sails and temperatures that reached up to 38°C.(不幸的是，Plastiki号比预期的更难控制。因此，船错过了它的主要目的地。然而，船员们在太平洋中部的岛屿停留，在那里他们拿起了补给，并与当地学生交谈。一路上，他们与猛烈的海洋风暴、撕裂的船帆和高达38摄氏度的气温作斗争)”以及最后一段中“The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. (Plastiki号的航行告诉我们，如果我们知道如何有效地利用废物，它们就可以转化为有价值的资源)”可以推知，Plastiki号的航行具有挑战性但意义重大。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Plastiki’s journey had shown that if we understand how to use waste materials efficiently, they can be transformed into valuable resources. (Plastiki号的航行告诉我们，如果我们知道如何有效地利用废物，它们就可以转化为有价值的资源)”可推知，塑料垃圾可以变成财富。故选C项。
D
Prosthetic limbs (义肢) have been around for a long time. The oldest known dates back more than 3,000 years. But prosthetics which behave like the real thing, as well as looking like it, are still very much a work in progress. And a group at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, in China, have just come up with a significant advance — an affordable prosthetic hand that not only responds like a real one to signals from the wearer’s brain, but is also able to signal back to the brain what it is touching and doing.
Gu Guoying and his colleagues describe their invention in Nature Biomedical Engineering. Its fingers are made of rigid tubes, connected to a 3D-printed plastic palm. In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.
The big advance is that it does not require invasive surgery or electronic implants into the residual limb to communicate with the user’s brain. Sensors on the skin record electrical activity from the remaining arm muscles. In an intact arm, this activity would tell those muscles how to operate the hand.
Dr Gu and his colleagues compared the efficacy of their invention with that of existing models using tests including writing, grasping and lifting objects, lifting food to the mouth. Normally, they found, it worked better — particularly for delicate tasks like handling fragile objects, petting a cat and shaking hands.
The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap. The components it is made from cost about $500. Existing models may sell for $10,000 or more. If it, or something similar, goes into production, that will permit the transformation of many more of the lives of the 5 million people who have lost a hand, or were born without one, than is possible at the moment.
12. What mainly makes Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand lighter?
A. It is held in a waist bag. B. It is made of 3D-printing plastic.
C. It is powered in a different way. D. It has specially designed fingers.
13. What does the underlined word “efficacy” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Design. B. System.
C. Construction. D. Performance.
14. Which mainly contributes to the wider use of Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand?
A. Affordable price.
B. Smooth operation.
C. Advanced technology
D. Striking appearance.
15. The text is mainly about Dr Gu’s prosthetic hand’s ________.
A. materials B. advantages
C. invention process D. research team
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国上海交通大学的一个研究小组刚刚提出了一项重大进展——一种价格合理的假手，它不仅能像真手一样对佩戴者大脑发出的信号做出反应，而且还能向大脑发出它正在触摸和做什么的信号。短文介绍了顾博士发明的假手的优势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.”（与目前的电动型号相比，顾博士发明的假手是由一个装在腰包里的泵气动驱动的。这使它的重量减少到300克以下——是目前一些型号的一半，而且实际上比一只真正的手的重量还要轻。）由此可知，它以不同的方式供给动力使得顾博士的假手更轻。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“Dr Gu and his colleagues compared the efficacy of their invention with that of existing models using tests including writing, grasping and lifting objects, lifting food to the mouth.”（顾博士和他的同事将他们发明的efficacy与现有型号的efficacy进行了比较，使用的测试包括书写、抓取和举起物体，以及将食物送到嘴里。）由此可知，此处测试的是功能或性能，可得出顾博士和他的同事们将他们的发明的性能与现有型号的性能进行了对比。由此可知，划线词efficacy的意思是“Performance (性能)”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap. The components it is made from cost about $500. Existing models may sell for $10,000 or more. If it, or something similar, goes into production, that will permit the transformation of many more of the lives of the 5 million people who have lost a hand, or were born without one, than is possible at the moment.”（顾博士发明的另一个吸引人之处是它便宜。由其制成的部件价格约为500美元。现有型号的售价可能在10000美元或以上。如果它或类似的东西投入生产，这将使500万失去一只手或出生时没有一只手的人的生活可能发生比目前更多的变化。）由此可知，可支付的价格使得顾博士的假手得以更广泛的应用。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“ In contrast to current models, which are electrically powered, Dr Gu’s hand is powered pneumatically by a pump held in a waist bag. This reduces its weight below 300 grams — half that of some current models, and less, indeed, than the weight of a real hand.”（与目前的电动型号不同，顾博士发明的假手是由一个装在腰包里的泵气动驱动的。这使它的重量减少到300克以下——是目前一些型号的一半，而且实际上比一只真正的手的重量还要轻。），第三段“The big advance is that it does not require invasive surgery or electronic implants into the residual limb to communicate with the user’s brain.”（最大的进步是它不需要侵入性手术或电子植入残肢来与用户的大脑进行交流。），第四段“Normally, they found, it worked better — particularly for delicate tasks like handling fragile objects, petting a cat and shaking hands. ”（他们发现，通常情况下，假手工作的更好——特别是在处理易碎物品、抚摸猫和握手等精细任务中。），根据最后一段“The other attraction of Dr Gu’s invention is that it is cheap.”（顾博士发明的另一个吸引人之处是它便宜）由此可知，短文主要介绍了顾博士发明的假手的优势。故选B项。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
A staycation is a combination of the words “stay” and “vacation”, and is used to describe holidays which are taken in one’s own country. This can include anything from a city break to a seaside or countryside holiday.
A staycation doesn’t have one specific purpose. It can be about relaxing and taking things slow. ____16____ And although it doesn’t give you the same excitement as going abroad, it’s a more sustainable way of traveling.
The concept of a staycation was first created in the aftermath of the 2008 market crisis in the US. ____17____ They started turning towards holidays in their home country, as these worked out much more affordably, making staycations increasingly popular.
____18____ More and more destinations are becoming conscious of the negative impacts of overtourism, with plans to introduce tourist caps. Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.
____19____ They support the local economy. Local restaurants, shops, hotels and other businesses all gain profit from local tourism. Besides, unlike holidays abroad which you have to book time away from work, you can take staycations anytime you want.____20____
A. They can be done over the weekend.
B Many people were eager to find a relaxing escape.
C. Many people had to limit their budgets for holidays.
D. It was a great option to relax without breaking the bank.
E. The benefits of staycations are not limited to being green.
F. Another factor is growing concerns about the environment.
G. It can also be about experiencing new things in your backyard.
【答案】16 G 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了居家度假的由来和益处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“It can be about relaxing and taking things slow.”（它可能是关于放松和休闲）可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续解释标题“居家度假没有一个特定的目的”，故G选项“也可以是在后院体验新事物”切题。故选G选项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The concept of a staycation was first created in the aftermath of the 2008 market crisis in the US.”（在2008年美国市场危机之后，人们首次提出了居家度假的概念）可知，说明市场危机对于人们假期预算造成的影响。2008 market crisis呼应limit their budgets for holidays。故C选项“许多人不得不限制假期的预算”切题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“More and more destinations are becoming conscious of the negative impacts of overtourism, with plans to introduce tourist caps. Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.”（越来越多的旅游目的地开始意识到过度旅游的负面影响，并计划引入旅游限额。在家度假是减少碳足迹的好方法，因为需要的交通和旅行的相关需求要少得多。）可知，选项在说明导致居家度假产生另一个因素——环境因素。故F选项“另一个因素是对环境的日益关注”切题。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“They support the local economy.”（还支持当地经济）可知选项与下文为并列关系在说明居家度假的益处。再根据上文Staycations are a great way of reducing your carbon footprint, as much less transport and travel is required.”（在家度假是减少碳足迹的好方法，因为需要的交通和旅行的相关需求要少得多）可知，选项承接上文。故E选项“居家度假的好处不仅限于环保”。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Besides, unlike holidays abroad which you have to book time away from work, you can take staycations anytime you want.”（此外，不像国外度假，你必须预订工作以外的时间，你可以随时在家度假）选项承接上文说明具体的度假时间。故A选项“可以在周末完成居家度假”。故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna Kiesenhofer became the first Austrian Olympic gold medalist in Tokyo 2020. She wasn’t considered a threat at all. “Finishing in the Top 25 would have been a ____21____ result.” She said later.
No one____22____ she would win. For the whole 85 miles, she competed against a group of ____23____ competitors — cycling superstars, world champions... until some seemed not to know she remained up the road, alone.
Confused? At least Van Vleuten was. When she crossed the finish line smiling, arms ____24____, under the impression that she’d won gold, she didn’t ____25____ the race had been won by Anna, a math Ph.D.
Anna’s win was actually more____26____. She was the only cyclist from her country, leaving her no teammates she could ____27____ in the race. At the beginning, there was little hope she might win, but it was only going solo for the last 40 kilometers when she____28____ “riding for gold”. As it turned out, competing without much weight of____29____ helped Anna win. She entered the race without a professional team and_____30_____ with a gold medal. She wrote a (an) _____31_____ of her own into the history of the Olympics.
Outside of cycling, Anna has earned a Ph.D in applied mathematics. As a successful
_____32_____, she says she has been used to solving problems on her own. “I like to be _____33_____, and that’s the way I approach cycling.” Asked what words she would share to an aspiring young rider, she responded, “I’m not _____34_____ to accept what makes me unique. I dare to be different. This means I’m also_____35_____, and that’s exactly what happened in the race.”
21. A. nice B. heartbreaking C. desired D. puzzling
22. A. found B. accepted C. believed D. cared
23. A. sensitive B. fierce C. local D. friendly
24. A. raised B. folded C. bent D. dropped
25. A. admit B. know C. imagine D. hear
26. A. ridiculous B. difficult C. convincing D. impressive
27. A. learn from B. compete with C. rely on D. get along with
28. A. regretted B. forgot C. continued D. started
29. A. promise B. expectation C. responsibility D. mission
30. A. left B. cheered C. launched D. struggled
31. A. rule B. program C. story D. introduction
32. A. coach B. academic C. artist D. engineer
33. A. independent B. creative C. energetic D. logical
34. A. willing B. certain C. eager D. afraid
35. A. mature B. changeable C. unsocial D. unpredictable
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Anna Kiesenhofer在2020年东京奥运会上成为首位奥地利奥运金牌得主，讲述了她参赛的经过以及一些个人感悟。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入前25名将是一个很好的结果。A. nice好的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；C. desired渴望的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“Finishing in the Top 25”可知Anna想的是进入前25名就是比赛的好结果了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人相信她会赢。A. found发现；B. accepted接受；C. believed相信；D. cared关心。根据后文“competitors — cycling superstars, world champions... until some seemed not to know she remained up the road, alone”可知竞争激烈，没人相信Anna会赢。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在整整85英里的赛程中，她面对的是一群激烈的竞争者——自行车超级明星、世界冠军……。A. sensitive敏感的；B. fierce激烈的；C. local当地的；D. friendly友好的。根据后文“cycling superstars, world champions”可知参赛的有自行车超级明星、世界冠军，可见竞争激烈。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，以为自己赢得了金牌，但她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。A. raised提起，举起；B. folded折叠；C. bent弯曲；D. dropped落下。根据上文“she crossed the finish line, smiling, arms”可知Van Vleuten 冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她冲过终点线时，她面带微笑，举起双臂，以为自己赢得了金牌，但她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。A. admit承认；B. know知道；C. imagine想象；D. hear听见。根据后文“the race had been won by Anna, a math Ph.D.”可知她不知道赢得比赛的是数学博士安娜。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安娜的胜利实际上更令人印象深刻。A. ridiculous可笑的；B. difficult困难的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据后文“She was the only cyclist from her country”可知Anna是她的国家里唯一的自行车手，这一点让她的胜利更令人印象深刻。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她是她的国家里唯一的自行车手，在比赛中她没有可以依靠的队友。A. learn from学习；B. compete with竞争；C. rely on依赖；D. get along with和睦相处。根据上文“She was the only cyclist from her country, leaving her no teammates she could”可知Anna是她国家来的唯一一个自行车手，所以在比赛中她没有可以依靠的队友。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，她夺冠的希望很小，但当她开始“夺金”时，只有最后40公里是单飞。A. regretted后悔；B. forgot忘记；C. continued继续；D. started开始。根据后文“riding for gold”指Anna开始为了“夺金”而努力，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果是，对比赛没有太多期望帮助Anna赢了。A. promise承诺；B. expectation期待；C. responsibility责任；D. mission使命。根据上文可知对手实力都很强，而Anna想的是进前25名就很好了，所以对比赛没有太多期望帮助Anna赢了。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参赛前她没有进行专业的训练，却获得了金牌。A. left离开；B. cheered欢呼；C. launched启动；D. struggled挣扎。根据后文“with a gold medal”指Anna带着金牌离开了，即：获得了金牌。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己的故事写进了奥林匹克史册。A. rule规则；B. program项目；C. story故事；D. introduction介绍。根据后文“of her own into the history of the Olympics”指把自己的比赛故事写进了奥林匹克史册。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名成功的学者，她说她已经习惯了自己解决问题。A. coach教练；B. academic学者；C. artist艺术家；D. engineer工程师。根据上文“Outside of cycling, Anna has earned a Ph.D in applied mathematics.”可知Anna是一名成功的学者。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独立，这就是为什么我选择了骑自行车。A. independent独立的；B. creative有创造力的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. logical逻辑的。根据上文“she says she has been used to solving problems on her own.”可知Anna喜欢独立，自己解决问题。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不害怕接受让我与众不同的东西。A. willing乐意的；B. certain必然的；C. eager热切的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“I dare to be different.”可知Anna不害怕接受让自己与众不同的东西。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我也是不可预测的，而这正是在比赛中发生的事情。A. mature成熟的；B. changeable多变的；C. unsocial不合群的；D. unpredictable不可预测的。根据后文“that’s exactly what happened in the race.”以及比赛中Anna出乎意料，意外获胜，可知这里指不可预测。故选D。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，总分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气). Autumn Equinox (秋分), the____36____(sixteen) solar term of the year, begins this year on September 23rd and ends on October 7th. Autumn Equinox____37____(lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts.
As is said in____38____ancient book, “It is on Autumn Equinox day____39____the Yin and Yang are in a balance of power. Thus, the day and night are of equal length, and____40____ are the cold and hot weather.” After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, ____41____(make) days shorter and nights longer.
By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. When the cold air meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfalls are the result. The temperature also drops____42____ (frequent).
On Autumn Equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on end. According to ____43____ (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. But some also say that standing the egg has nothing to do with the time. The most important thing is to shift the egg’ s center of gravity to the ____44____ (low) part of the egg. _____45_____ this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk sinks as much as possible.
【答案】36. sixteenth##16th
37. lies 38. an
39. that 40. so
41. making 42. frequently
43. experts
44. lowest 45. In
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历的第十六个节气——秋分，介绍了秋分的含义和天气变化等情况。
【36题详解】
考查数词。句意：秋分是一年中第16个节气，今年从9月23日开始到10月7日结束。此处表示“第十六个”应用序数词sixteenth或16th。故填sixteenth /16th。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：秋分位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成相等的两部分。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Autumn Equinox，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。” book为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查强调句。句意：正如古书中所说，“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。”去掉it is和空处，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，此处为强调句句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处被强调部分为on Autumn Equinox day，应用that。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：因此，白天和夜晚是一样的长度，寒冷和炎热的天气也是一样的。此处为句型“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”，表示“……也一样”。故填so。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一天之后，阳光直射的位置移向南方，白天变短，夜晚变长。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与逻辑主语the location of direct sunlight moves to the south构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：气温也经常下降。修饰动词drop应用副词frequently，作状语。故填frequently。
43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：据专家介绍，在春分和秋分这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳轨道的力量处于相对平衡状态。expert为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填experts。
【44题详解】
考查最高级。句意：最重要的是把鸡蛋的重心移到鸡蛋的最低部分。根据上文定冠词the以及句意“最低”可知应用形容词最高级。故填lowest。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：用这种方法，诀窍就是把鸡蛋放在一边，直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。结合句意表示“用这种方法”短语为in this way，句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是学校英文报纸的记者。你校在国庆假期组织学生到顺德顺峰山公园开展青年志愿服务活动。请写一则活动报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, with the aim of building a better community. The volunteer students offered various services to tourists. Some set up booths in the park, introducing and promoting intangible cultural relics in Shunde. Others offered timely response for tourists who got lost. Still others picked up the garbage and replaced the shared bikes on the pathway.
This voluntary service was thought highly of by visitors and the community. While tourists had a better day, students gained social experience and practiced their communication skills.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生写一则关于学校在国庆假期组织学生到顺德顺峰山公园开展青年志愿服务活动的报道，介绍其时间，地点，活动内容以及反响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目标/目的：purpose/goal→aim
宣传/推广：advertise→promote
被赞扬：be praised→be thought highly of
获得：get→gain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, with the aim of building a better community.
拓展句：On October 2nd, a voluntary service was held by our school in Shunde Shunfeng Mountain Park, which aims to build a better community.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Some set up booths in the park, introducing and promoting intangible cultural relics in Shunde. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]
Others offered timely response for tourists who got lost. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 （满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Going to Nationals!” We were all screaming and jumping. Kate, Jenny, Wendy and I embraced each other, bouncing. “Good job, Tara.” Said Kate as she put an arm around me. I am the youngest on the relay race team, but I'm fast. When I run, I leave the skin of my shyness behind, and I feel like a horseman on the Mongolian grassland, free, without boundaries.
Everybody ran to their parents in the bleachers ( 露天看台). My Mom didn’t make it. Again. I grabbed my phone and called her. It took a while for her to answer. “Yes, hi dear.” “Mom, we won states, and we are going to nationals.” I burst out in one breath. “Great! Let’s talk later; I’ll pick you up from school.” I wanted to say: “Is that it? Why aren’t you proud of me? All other parents are here, why aren’t you?” but all I did was“OK, see you soon.”Does she see me? Do I matter?
It was late after 9 PM. All the parents picked up their children, but my Mom wasn’t here yet. Coach Johnson waited with me. We just stood. A speeding car turned the corner; it was my Mom’s Toyota. Coach patted me on the back and left.
“I am so sorry I am late.Time just flew.” Said Mom. I wanted to cry in disappointment and tell her that I hate to be always last to be picked up and never have her come to my sporting contests, school plays, or anything else; ask her why she won’t make time for me. But when I looked at her and saw her tired eyes and clenched jaw (咬紧下巴), I just said: “That's OK, Mom, I understand.” Her jaw had stayed clenched since we came to this country as Mom would say: “with two pieces of luggage, a three-year-old (me), and $700.”
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nationals finally came and my Mom came for the first time ever.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Nationals finally came and My Mom came for the first time ever. Seeing my Mom in the bleachers, I was especially excited. I was like racehorses at the gate: nervously waiting and heads held high. I was the last runner in our team.“ I have to seal the win.” I told myself. After Wendy passed the baton in my hand, I exploded forward. The crowd were screaming. My thoughts rocked with the pulse of the blood.I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I hit the floor and dropped the baton. My world had just ended.
I had let everybody down and I ran out to hide myself. My legs were all bloody, but that's not what hurt. I disappointed everybody. After a while, my mom, with red eyes, found me. “I will quit the team.” I whispered. “No, love! You had the best time in the race. It was an accident.” She continued to make me feel good, but I heard only her soft voice coming as a warm embrace at me, and then I cried out my sorrow,“ You're… never at my meets… always late… you don't have time… you're not proud of me.” Her voice dropped,“I love you so much that I wanted to build a stronger boat for us. I am proud of you every second.” Thirsty for those words, I ran into herarms. The next day, I went back to the track. When I looked at my Mom in the bleachers, we smiled.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学赢得了洲际比赛，将要冲向全国的比赛，但是别的同学的父母都到场和自己的孩子一起欢呼时，作者只能打电话给母亲，电话那头母亲没有表示祝贺，作者因此感到很失望，作者希望母亲能来现场看比赛，也希望母亲能够早点来接自己，但是想到母亲一直咬紧牙关养育自己，作者的内心的想法也说不出口。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全国赛终于来了，我妈第一次来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者母亲来看作者比赛的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“我让大家失望了，我跑出去躲起来。”可知，第二段可描写作者比赛失误后的羞愧，母亲的鼓励。
2.续写线索：母亲看作者比赛——比赛失误——作者感到羞愧——母亲的安慰和鼓励——作者和母亲误会解开
3.词汇激活
行为类
①降低：fall/lower
②使失望：disappoint/upset
③离开：quit/depart from
情绪类
①温柔的：soft/gentle
②激动的：excited/agitated
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. I was beginning to pick up speed again when I was suddenly thrown off balance.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I love you so much that I wanted to build a stronger boat for us.(由so…that引导结果状语从句）
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