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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger学案及答案
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger学案及答案，共16页。学案主要包含了词块积累，句式解构，要点拾遗等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger
Starting out & Understanding ideas
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. a shiny black leather handbag 闪闪发光的黑皮包
2. join the Football Association 加入足球协会
3. a muddy field 泥泞的田野
4. the sound of footsteps on the stairs 楼梯上的脚步声
5. bounce the ball against the wall 球弹到墙上
6. sharpen the knife 磨刀
7. be a good teammate 成为一个好的队员
8. succeed beyond expectation 出乎意料地成功了
Ⅱ. 选词填空
a far cry from; give way; follow in one’s footsteps; carry on; beyond one’s expectations; in a row; expect to; in all directions; day in and day out; end up
1. This flat is a far cry from the house they had before.
2. Yesterday, our English class ended up singing an English song devotedly.
3. Honestly speaking, we are not going to give way to blackmail.
4. What made us upset was that it rained all summer, day in and day out.
5. Who do you think would follow in the famous businessman’s footsteps in future?
6. I could hardly keep up with it, throwing bottles in all directions.
7. I wish those boys wouldn’t carry on like that; it’s very annoying.
8. With no goals or dreams, how can we expect to achieve anything significant?
9. It is beyond our expectations that they all have left when we arrived.
10. With despair he heard the man call three numbers in a row.
Ⅲ. 根据语境和汉语提示完成句子
1. In this way, practising day in and day out(日复一日的练习) helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
2. He finally ended up playing college ball at a small, little-known school. 他最终在一个不出名的小学校打球。
3. Selected for the NBA in 2009 (在2009年被挑选加入NBA), Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors.
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. 部分形容词或名词后加-en, 可转化为动词
sharp adj. →sharpen v. 使锋利
deep adj. →deepen v. 加深
strength n. →strengthen v. 加强
2. 部分动词或名词后加-able, 可转化为形容词
remark v. →remarkable adj. 非凡的, 不同寻常的
accept v. →acceptable adj. 可接受的
understand v. →understandable adj. 可理解的
rely v. →reliable adj. 可依靠的, 可信赖的
阅读研析·合作学习
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)Where did Stephen’s father live when he was young?
A. He lived also in NBA as a player.
B. The text doesn’t show us this.
C. In a small town with a muddy basketball court.
D. In a small woods which is beside Virginia.
(2)What made Stephen Davidson’s star player?
A. His short but flexible response.
B. His sticking to playing and practicing.
C. The help from his teammates and coaches.
D. His father’s footsteps along the road in the woods.
(3)When did the Warriors gain their first championship since 1975?
A. In the sixth year since he joined NBA.
B. In no more than three years after 2009.
C. When Stephen joined NBA in 2009.
D. They got their first championship in 1975.
(4)What is his meaning by saying “I never really set out to change the game. . . ”?
A. His success is accidental indeed.
B. He didn’t want to succeed actually.
C. He didn’t want to make his opponent sad.
D. He was modest but he had devoted himself.
答案: (1)～(4)CBAD
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Stephen is a famous basketball player. It was self-belief, hard work and perseverance (1)that made him a success. Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by (2)attaching(attach) a piece of plastic to a telephone pole along a narrow muddy road different from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association(NBA). The bumps and rocks caused the ball to bounce in all (3)directions(direct). (4)Knowing(know) where the ball would go wasn’t very easy. However, Stephen improved his skills by practising day in and day out. Many people thought Stephen was too short, too thin and too weak to start his career. But he regarded playing basketball as his dream. He would not give up. He finally ended up (5)playing(play) college ball at Davidson College, (6)where his creativity and perseverance made him a star player. In 2009, (7)selected(select) for the NBA, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors. In 2015, Stephen won his first NBA championship and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975. In addition, he received the Most Valuable Player award for two years (8)in a row. Stephen shared his philosophy: be yourself, value the fact that you can work every single day to get (9)better(good), and be able to put in the time and the work. His success (10)has shown(show) that nothing is impossible.
3. Long sentence analysis.
(1)He probably didn’t realise it at the time,
主语 谓语 宾语 时间状语
but it was where he learnt to be creative
并列连词 主语 系动词 表语从句
and flexible as a player.
译文: 他当时可能没有意识到这一点, 但他正是从那里学会了作为一名球员的创造力和灵活性。
(2)Knowing (where the ball would go) wasn’t easy.
主语 宾语从句 系动词 表语
译文: 知道球会去向哪里并不容易。
(3) I know it inspires a lot of the next generation,
主语 谓语 宾语从句
a lot of people who love the game of basketball to value
定语从句
the skill of it, value the fact that you can work every
同位语从句
single day to get better.
译文: 我知道这激励了很多下一代和很多热爱篮球运动的人重视篮球的技术, 重视你每天都可以努力变得更好的事实。
(4)Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry
状语 主语
is living proof that (what other people think of you)
系动词 表语 同位语从句 主语从句
does not have to influence what you become.
同位语从句的谓语 宾语从句
译文: 激励别人相信自己, 斯蒂芬·库里就是活生生的例子, 证明别人对你的看法不一定会影响你成为什么样的人。
Task 3 阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. Do you believe Stephen’s proof can also inspire you and your schoolmates? Why? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
Sure. Because it is the determination and perseverance that count when you are pursuing a career.
2. Can you give some other examples which show some people who gain great success after their great devotion? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
There are many examples who gain final success after suffering much trouble and enduring much sufferings. For example, Tu Youyou, China’s first Nobel Prize winner in medicine, devoted herself to the study of qinghaosu and finally made great achievements.
要点精研·探究学习
1. give way 倒塌, 向下垮
*You see, with every shot, the weak plastic backboard gave way.
你看, 每次投篮, 薄弱的塑料篮板都会向下垮。
*Why does King Lear want to give away his kingdom?
为什么李尔王想赠送他的王国?
*They felt like they were giving away company secrets.
他们觉得自己正在泄露公司的秘密。
*Gaming takes preference over other activities so much that a person often gives up doing other things.
游戏比其他活动更受青睐, 以至于人们经常放弃做其他事情。
*Other than what I’ve done, I can’t give back any more.
除了我所做的, 我没有更多可以回报的了。
【词块积累】
give away 分发, 赠送; 泄露, 出卖; 失去
give back 归还, 送回
give in 屈服, 让步, 认输; 交上(试卷)
give off 发出, 放出(气味, 热, 光)
give out 分发, 发出; 用完
give up 放弃, 投降
(1)语法填空。
① Students were giving away leaflets to everyone on the street.
②If you always give in to others you will end up feeling like a doormat.
③If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.
④After a month their food supplies gave out.
(2)It was a marvel that the floor never gave way.
令人惊讶的是地板居然从未塌陷。
2. sharpen v. 使提高, 使改进
*In this way, practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
这样, 日复一日的练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的技能。
*The master initiates the apprentices, but they can sharpen their skills only through their own efforts.
师傅领进门, 修行看各人。
*A workman must sharpen his tools if he is to do his work well.
工欲善其事, 必先利其器。
*Those girls at the telephone office have very sharp tongues and they like to make fun of others.
那些电话所的女电话员们个个牙尖嘴利, 她们喜欢取笑别人。
*The design of the pencil sharpener hasn’t really changed much over time.
卷笔刀的设计一直以来没有多大变化。
【词块积累】
sharp adj. 锋利的
sharpen v. (使)变尖, 削尖, 磨快
sharpener n. 磨具, 削具
语法填空。
(1)He started to sharpen(sharp) his knife.
(2)These latest moves have sharpened (sharp) fears of a military conflict.
(3)Her gaze sharpened (sharp), as if she had seen something unusual.
3. carry on继续
*But Stephen carried on. Playing basketball was his dream. He would not give up.
但是斯蒂芬继续坚持。打篮球是他的梦想。他不会放弃。
*Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。
*They selflessly gave their all to carry through technical innovations.
他们无私地献出一切来坚持完成技术革新。
【词块积累】
carry on (with/doing sth. ) 继续(做)某事
carry over 将……留至以后用; (情况变化时)使继续存在
carry out 执行, 落实
carry through 使……渡过难关, 坚持完成
(1)语法填空。
①We all carried on singing (sing) as if nothing odd was happening.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
③The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.
④Will the government carry out its promise to reform the law?
(2)Rachael Carr intends to carry on teaching.
雷切尔·卡尔打算继续教书。
4. expectation n. 预料, 预期
*He performed beyond everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.
他准确的射门和不断努力的表现超出了每个人的预期。
*I didn’t expect him to become a successful writer.
我没想到他会成为一个成功的作家。
【词块积累】
beyond one’s expectation(s) 超出某人的预期, 出乎意料地
expect vt. 预料, 预期; 盼望, 期待
expect (sb. /sth. ) to do sth. 期望……做某事
语法填空。
(1)He often comes earlier than expected(expect).
(2)(2019 •浙江高考) Uniforms can be useful in unexpected(expect) ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
(3)Once upon a time, there was a king who wanted to educate his people not to complain and expect others to solve(solve) their problems.
(4)It was an A+, which was beyond my modest expectations.
5. in a row 连续地; 成一行, 成一排
*After receiving the Most Valuable Player award for two years in a row, Stephen explained his philosophy, “I never really set out to change the game. . . What I wanted to do was just be myself. . . ”
在连续两年获得最有价值球员奖后, 斯蒂芬解释了他的人生哲学: “我从来没有真正开始改变比赛……我想做的只是做我自己……”
*When the military training is conducted, the children were asked to stand in a row.
军训时, 孩子们被要求站成一排。
*Wide and clean road, row upon row of high-rises and fresh air after rain, the spring in Jinan High-tech Zone gives you the sign of modern new district.
宽敞整洁的道路, 鳞次栉比的高楼, 雨后清新的空气, 济南高新区的春天日益透露出现代化新城区的气息。
【词块积累】
a row of 一排, 一行, 一列
row upon row 一排又一排
go for a row 去划船
语法填空。
(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.
(2)We have to stay inside for more than 20 days in a row because of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic.
(3)(2020·浙江高考) The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally don’t flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour.
6. Knowing where the ball would go wasn’t easy.
知道球的去向并不容易。
【句式解构】
*Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt.
精准射击是他学到的另一件事。
*Playing basketball was his dream, which cost him much time. 打篮球是他的梦想, 而且这花费了他好多时间。
动词-ing短语作主语
动词-ing形式表示概念、习惯或经验。有时用it作形式主语, 把作主语的-ing短语放在后面。动词-ing短语作主语时, 注意谓语动词用单数。
语法填空。
(1)Losing(lose) her new bike made Mary so upset.
(2) It’s no use talking(talk) without doing.
(3) Watching films is(be) my favourite pastime.
(4)Using mobile phones for too long tends to make us passive and ignore physical exercise.
(5)(2020 •浙江高考)Working(work) out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first.
7. I know it inspires a lot of the next generation, a lot of people who love the game of basketball to value the skill of it, value the fact that you can work every single day to get better. 我知道这激励了很多下一代人和很多热爱篮球运动的人重视篮球的技术, 重视你每天都可以努力变得更好的事实。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。句子的主干是“I know. . . ”, know后面跟的是宾语从句, 省略了引导词that。宾语从句中, who引导定语从句, 修饰先行词a lot of people; 最后的that引导同位语从句, 修饰the fact。
*(2020 •全国Ⅱ卷) Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.
高收入的父母倾向于让孩子更频繁地玩智力游戏。玩智力游戏的男孩和女孩都拥有更好的空间能力。
*(2020 •江苏高考)I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher.
我和我的妻子位于亚马孙中部, 她在那里做医学研究员。
语法填空。
(1)The room where there is a machine is a work shop.
(2)I’ll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
(3)Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.
(4)He thought that if the government was kind, then people would be good.
(5)Some rulers followed the advice which/that Mencius gave.
(6)It is possible that we have too much salt and fat, which is harmful to our health.
8. Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become. 激励别人相信自己, 斯蒂芬·库里就是活生生的例子, 证明别人对你的看法不一定会影响你成为什么样的人。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。句子的主干是“Stephen Curry is living proof”, 后面的that引导同位语从句。同位语从句中, 第一个what引导主语从句, 第二个what引导宾语从句。需要注意, what引导名词性从句时有双重功能。
*Our income is now several times what it was ten years ago.
我们现在的收入是10年前的几倍。
*After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
似乎过了几个小时, 他才苦笑着出来。
*This is what they call Salt Lake City.
这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
*Please focus on the fact that swarms of up to 80 million locusts are swallowing crops in East Africa, putting 13 million people at risk of hunger. 请注意这个事实: 8 000多万只蝗虫正在东非啃食庄稼, 这将导致1 300万人面临饥饿危机。
语法填空。
(1) (2020 • 天津高考)It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at.
(2) (2020 •天津高考)I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
(3)Experts say what is needed is continuous attention and maintenance.
(4)What delighted me most was that she was a great painter!
拓视野·观天下
1. From the central government to local governments, from shiny urban to muddy rural areas, the whole nation is carrying on battling the epidemic with resolve and self-sacrifice, nothing short of the most comprehensive, rigorous and thorough-going measures have been taken.
从中央政府到地方政府, 从明亮的城市到泥泞的乡村, 我们以壮士断腕的决心, 果断继续采取最全面、最严格、最彻底的举措迎击疫情。
2. On New Year’s Eve, he announced on YouTube that he will give away more than $9 million to 1, 000 of his Twitter followers to see if it makes them gain more self-belief. All they had to do is to stand a chance of winning the money by retweeting his original post before midnight on January 7. It is beyond their expectations.
新年前夜, 他在YouTube(视频网站)上宣布, 将向1 000 名推特粉丝送出超900万美元, 看看金钱能否使他们更有自信。网友只需在1月7日午夜前转发他的原推文就有机会获得奖金。这超出了他们的预期。
【要点拾遗】
1. shiny adj. 光滑发亮的, 闪光的
*A far cry from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association(NBA), it was along this road that Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. 与NBA明亮的灯光和闪亮的球场大不相同的是, 就是在这条路上, 斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料绑在一个电话线杆上, 制成了一个简单的篮子。
*His face was sallow and shiny with sweat.
他脸色蜡黄, 汗珠津津。
*The sun shone brightly in a cloudless sky.
太阳在无云的天空中明亮地照耀着。
*He shined shoes and sold newspapers to make money.
他靠擦鞋、卖报挣钱。
*She has set a shining example of loyal service over four decades. 四十年间, 她树立了一个忠诚服务的光辉榜样。
【词块积累】
shine(shined, shined; shone, shone)
vi. /vt. (使)发光; 照耀, 照射
shined, shined 擦亮vt. ; shone, shone发亮vi.
语法填空。
(1)Something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny(shine) object.
(2)Her blonde hair was shiny (shine) and clean.
(3)It is a mild morning and the sun is shining (shine).
(4)Her blue eyes shone (shine) and caught the light.
2. association n. 协会, 社团
*Do you belong to any professional or trade associations?
你参加了专业协会或行业协会吗?
*They have maintained a close association with a college in the US. 他们和美国一所学院保持了密切联系。
*In the public mind, he is closely associated with horror movies. 在公众的心目中, 他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。
*Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
人人都有单独的财产所有权以及同他人合有的所有权。
【词块积累】
associated adj. 关联的; 联合的
associational adj. 联想的; 协会的
associate v. 交往; 结交; 联想; 使联合
trade association 贸易协会; 同业公会
in association with 与……相联系; 与……联合
(1)The association(associate) between the two companies dates back to thirty years ago.
(2) However, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays.
(3)We have formed an association(associate) to help the disabled.
3. bounce v. (使)弹起, (使)反弹
*The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.
球弹了两次他才接到。
*The light bounced off the river and dazzled her.
河面上银波粼粼, 令她目眩。
*She bounced up and down excitedly on the bed.
她兴奋地在床上蹦蹦跳跳。
【词块积累】
bounce sth. on/against 使……在……上反弹
be bounced into (doing) sth. 急急忙忙决定做某事
语法填空。
(1)Once the coronavirus crisis passes, therefore, the economy will bounce(bounce) back and return to its previous course.
(2)He is young enough to bounce(bounce) back from this disappointment.
(3)The kids were bouncing stones against/on the walls.
(4)Party members claimed that they had been bounced into choosing him as leader.
4. footstep n. 脚步声, 足迹
*We mustn’t blindly follow in the footsteps of foreign practice.
我们不能盲目地按外国的办法行事。
*My father is extremely proud that I followed in his footsteps and became a doctor.
我的父亲非常自豪, 因为我继承他的事业, 成为了一名医生。
*The garage is a mile ahead up the hill─just follow your nose.
汽车修理站在前面一英里处的山坡上——一直往前走就可以到。
【词块积累】
follow in one’s footsteps 仿效某人, 继承某人(尤指家人)的事业
follow on 继续下去
follow from 由……产生
it follows from. . . that 从……可知
语法填空。
(1)She works in television, following in her father’s footsteps.
(2)We should follow the footsteps(footstep) of a police officer named Brian Murphy.
(3)You go to the beach with the kids and I’ll follow on when I’ve finished work.
(4)It is easy to see the conclusions in his text follow from his personal experience.
5. expectation n. 预料; 预期
*He performed beyond everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.
他精准的投球和持续努力的表现超出了所有人的预期。
*She went to college with great expectations.
她满怀希望地进入大学。
*Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.
有的父母对孩子的指望不切实际。
*I am expecting several important letters but nothing has arrived. 我正在等几封重要的信件, 可是一封都没到。
*A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected.
服用这些药后有点倦意是正常的。
【词块积累】
expect v. 期望; 指望; 认为; 预料
expect too much of 对……期望过高
expect of 对……期望(要求)
expect to do sth. 期待去做; 期望做某事
in expectation 期望着; 意料之中
expectation of life 平均寿命; 预期寿命
beyond expectation(s) 出乎意料
expectation effect 期望效应
have expectations of (对……)抱有期望
(1)语法填空。
①The result is much better than our expectations(expect).
②This led to an unexpected(expect) consequence, though she had a wonderful time there.
③In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected(expect) to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
(2)The beauties of the West Lake in spring were beyond his expectation(s).
西湖的春景要比他所预想的更加美丽。
6. self-belief n. 自信
*Through self-belief, hard work, perseverance and some help from an old hoop, he has shown that anything is possible.
通过自信、努力工作、毅力和一些来自旧篮筐的帮助, 他已经证明了任何事情都是可能的。
*The more ideas you have, the more self-confident you are.
越有主见的人, 越有自信。
【词块积累】
self-assured adj. 自信的, 自持的
self-confidence n. 自信
self-confident adj. 自信的
self-congratulation n. 沾沾自喜, 洋洋自得
self-control n. 自制力
self-defence n. 自卫
self-sacrifice n. 自我牺牲, 献身
self-possessed adj. (在困难或意外情况下)镇定的, 沉着的, 镇定自若的
(1)If you stand up straight you’ll give an impression of self-confidence/self-belief even if you’re quaking in your shoes.
要是你站得笔挺, 就算实际上怕得要命, 你都会给人留下非常自信的印象。
(2)She is clearly the most articulate and self-possessed member of her family.
显然, 她是全家口才最好、最沉着冷静的人。
(3)Greater self-control is the simple answer to solve most people’s eating problems.
译: 更好的自我克制就是解决大多数人饮食问题的简单答案。
(4)His air and self-assured confidence made him a born leader.
译: 他那种充满自信的神态使他成为一个天生的领导者。
7. It was along this road that Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. 就是在这条路上, 斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料绑在电话线杆上, 做了一个简单的篮子。
【句式解构】
本句是强调句型。强调句型的结构为“It is/was. . . that/who. . . ”。其中只有被强调的部分是人的时候, 后面才可以用who。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、表语、状语等。
*When and where was it that you were born?
你到底是何时何地出生的?
*It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.
是恒心摧毁了人们的野心, 阻碍了人们的脚步。
*It was Zhong Nanshan who/that went to Wuhan firstly to conduct work at emergent time.
正是钟南山在紧急时刻率先到武汉指挥工作。
语法填空。
(1) Was it in the park that she met her old friends?
(2) It was not until the motorbike looked almost new that he stopped repairing and cleaning it.
(3) It was his bad habit that brought about so many health problems.
(4) It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.
8. He probably didn’t realise it at the time, but it was where he learnt to be creative and flexible as a player. 他当时可能没有意识到这一点, 但正是在那里, 他学会了作为一名球员的创造力和灵活性。
【句式解构】
本句是主从复合句。其中where引导的从句作was的表语, 称为表语从句。要判断用什么来引导表语从句, 关键需要分析表语从句的句子成分, 如果什么都不缺少, 则用that, 且that不可以省略。
*That’s why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。
*The problem is who we can get to take the place of her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
*She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
*The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
语法填空。
(1)What worries us most is who let out the secret.
(2) My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.
(3)After all, fame and personal gain is what they are after.
(4)My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
(5)This is why Sara was late for the meeting, but our teacher didn’t know the reason at the beginning.
(6) By boat is the only way to get there, which is how we arrived.
(7) Experts aren’t sure exactly how dreams work, but what is certain is that they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone has dreams.
Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger
Starting out & Understanding ideas
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. a shiny black leather handbag 闪闪发光的黑皮包
2. join the Football Association 加入足球协会
3. a muddy field 泥泞的田野
4. the sound of footsteps on the stairs 楼梯上的脚步声
5. bounce the ball against the wall 球弹到墙上
6. sharpen the knife 磨刀
7. be a good teammate 成为一个好的队员
8. succeed beyond expectation 出乎意料地成功了
Ⅱ. 选词填空
a far cry from; give way; follow in one’s footsteps; carry on; beyond one’s expectations; in a row; expect to; in all directions; day in and day out; end up
1. This flat is a far cry from the house they had before.
2. Yesterday, our English class ended up singing an English song devotedly.
3. Honestly speaking, we are not going to give way to blackmail.
4. What made us upset was that it rained all summer, day in and day out.
5. Who do you think would follow in the famous businessman’s footsteps in future?
6. I could hardly keep up with it, throwing bottles in all directions.
7. I wish those boys wouldn’t carry on like that; it’s very annoying.
8. With no goals or dreams, how can we expect to achieve anything significant?
9. It is beyond our expectations that they all have left when we arrived.
10. With despair he heard the man call three numbers in a row.
Ⅲ. 根据语境和汉语提示完成句子
1. In this way, practising day in and day out(日复一日的练习) helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
2. He finally ended up playing college ball at a small, little-known school. 他最终在一个不出名的小学校打球。
3. Selected for the NBA in 2009 (在2009年被挑选加入NBA), Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors.
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. 部分形容词或名词后加-en, 可转化为动词
sharp adj. →sharpen v. 使锋利
deep adj. →deepen v. 加深
strength n. →strengthen v. 加强
2. 部分动词或名词后加-able, 可转化为形容词
remark v. →remarkable adj. 非凡的, 不同寻常的
accept v. →acceptable adj. 可接受的
understand v. →understandable adj. 可理解的
rely v. →reliable adj. 可依靠的, 可信赖的
阅读研析·合作学习
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)Where did Stephen’s father live when he was young?
A. He lived also in NBA as a player.
B. The text doesn’t show us this.
C. In a small town with a muddy basketball court.
D. In a small woods which is beside Virginia.
(2)What made Stephen Davidson’s star player?
A. His short but flexible response.
B. His sticking to playing and practicing.
C. The help from his teammates and coaches.
D. His father’s footsteps along the road in the woods.
(3)When did the Warriors gain their first championship since 1975?
A. In the sixth year since he joined NBA.
B. In no more than three years after 2009.
C. When Stephen joined NBA in 2009.
D. They got their first championship in 1975.
(4)What is his meaning by saying “I never really set out to change the game. . . ”?
A. His success is accidental indeed.
B. He didn’t want to succeed actually.
C. He didn’t want to make his opponent sad.
D. He was modest but he had devoted himself.
答案: (1)～(4)CBAD
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Stephen is a famous basketball player. It was self-belief, hard work and perseverance (1)that made him a success. Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by (2)attaching(attach) a piece of plastic to a telephone pole along a narrow muddy road different from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association(NBA). The bumps and rocks caused the ball to bounce in all (3)directions(direct). (4)Knowing(know) where the ball would go wasn’t very easy. However, Stephen improved his skills by practising day in and day out. Many people thought Stephen was too short, too thin and too weak to start his career. But he regarded playing basketball as his dream. He would not give up. He finally ended up (5)playing(play) college ball at Davidson College, (6)where his creativity and perseverance made him a star player. In 2009, (7)selected(select) for the NBA, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors. In 2015, Stephen won his first NBA championship and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975. In addition, he received the Most Valuable Player award for two years (8)in a row. Stephen shared his philosophy: be yourself, value the fact that you can work every single day to get (9)better(good), and be able to put in the time and the work. His success (10)has shown(show) that nothing is impossible.
3. Long sentence analysis.
(1)He probably didn’t realise it at the time,
主语 谓语 宾语 时间状语
but it was where he learnt to be creative
并列连词 主语 系动词 表语从句
and flexible as a player.
译文: 他当时可能没有意识到这一点, 但他正是从那里学会了作为一名球员的创造力和灵活性。
(2)Knowing (where the ball would go) wasn’t easy.
主语 宾语从句 系动词 表语
译文: 知道球会去向哪里并不容易。
(3) I know it inspires a lot of the next generation,
主语 谓语 宾语从句
a lot of people who love the game of basketball to value
定语从句
the skill of it, value the fact that you can work every
同位语从句
single day to get better.
译文: 我知道这激励了很多下一代和很多热爱篮球运动的人重视篮球的技术, 重视你每天都可以努力变得更好的事实。
(4)Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry
状语 主语
is living proof that (what other people think of you)
系动词 表语 同位语从句 主语从句
does not have to influence what you become.
同位语从句的谓语 宾语从句
译文: 激励别人相信自己, 斯蒂芬·库里就是活生生的例子, 证明别人对你的看法不一定会影响你成为什么样的人。
Task 3 阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. Do you believe Stephen’s proof can also inspire you and your schoolmates? Why? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
Sure. Because it is the determination and perseverance that count when you are pursuing a career.
2. Can you give some other examples which show some people who gain great success after their great devotion? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
There are many examples who gain final success after suffering much trouble and enduring much sufferings. For example, Tu Youyou, China’s first Nobel Prize winner in medicine, devoted herself to the study of qinghaosu and finally made great achievements.
要点精研·探究学习
1. give way 倒塌, 向下垮
*You see, with every shot, the weak plastic backboard gave way.
你看, 每次投篮, 薄弱的塑料篮板都会向下垮。
*Why does King Lear want to give away his kingdom?
为什么李尔王想赠送他的王国?
*They felt like they were giving away company secrets.
他们觉得自己正在泄露公司的秘密。
*Gaming takes preference over other activities so much that a person often gives up doing other things.
游戏比其他活动更受青睐, 以至于人们经常放弃做其他事情。
*Other than what I’ve done, I can’t give back any more.
除了我所做的, 我没有更多可以回报的了。
【词块积累】
give away 分发, 赠送; 泄露, 出卖; 失去
give back 归还, 送回
give in 屈服, 让步, 认输; 交上(试卷)
give off 发出, 放出(气味, 热, 光)
give out 分发, 发出; 用完
give up 放弃, 投降
(1)语法填空。
① Students were giving away leaflets to everyone on the street.
②If you always give in to others you will end up feeling like a doormat.
③If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.
④After a month their food supplies gave out.
(2)It was a marvel that the floor never gave way.
令人惊讶的是地板居然从未塌陷。
2. sharpen v. 使提高, 使改进
*In this way, practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
这样, 日复一日的练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的技能。
*The master initiates the apprentices, but they can sharpen their skills only through their own efforts.
师傅领进门, 修行看各人。
*A workman must sharpen his tools if he is to do his work well.
工欲善其事, 必先利其器。
*Those girls at the telephone office have very sharp tongues and they like to make fun of others.
那些电话所的女电话员们个个牙尖嘴利, 她们喜欢取笑别人。
*The design of the pencil sharpener hasn’t really changed much over time.
卷笔刀的设计一直以来没有多大变化。
【词块积累】
sharp adj. 锋利的
sharpen v. (使)变尖, 削尖, 磨快
sharpener n. 磨具, 削具
语法填空。
(1)He started to sharpen(sharp) his knife.
(2)These latest moves have sharpened (sharp) fears of a military conflict.
(3)Her gaze sharpened (sharp), as if she had seen something unusual.
3. carry on继续
*But Stephen carried on. Playing basketball was his dream. He would not give up.
但是斯蒂芬继续坚持。打篮球是他的梦想。他不会放弃。
*Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。
*They selflessly gave their all to carry through technical innovations.
他们无私地献出一切来坚持完成技术革新。
【词块积累】
carry on (with/doing sth. ) 继续(做)某事
carry over 将……留至以后用; (情况变化时)使继续存在
carry out 执行, 落实
carry through 使……渡过难关, 坚持完成
(1)语法填空。
①We all carried on singing (sing) as if nothing odd was happening.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
③The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.
④Will the government carry out its promise to reform the law?
(2)Rachael Carr intends to carry on teaching.
雷切尔·卡尔打算继续教书。
4. expectation n. 预料, 预期
*He performed beyond everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.
他准确的射门和不断努力的表现超出了每个人的预期。
*I didn’t expect him to become a successful writer.
我没想到他会成为一个成功的作家。
【词块积累】
beyond one’s expectation(s) 超出某人的预期, 出乎意料地
expect vt. 预料, 预期; 盼望, 期待
expect (sb. /sth. ) to do sth. 期望……做某事
语法填空。
(1)He often comes earlier than expected(expect).
(2)(2019 •浙江高考) Uniforms can be useful in unexpected(expect) ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
(3)Once upon a time, there was a king who wanted to educate his people not to complain and expect others to solve(solve) their problems.
(4)It was an A+, which was beyond my modest expectations.
5. in a row 连续地; 成一行, 成一排
*After receiving the Most Valuable Player award for two years in a row, Stephen explained his philosophy, “I never really set out to change the game. . . What I wanted to do was just be myself. . . ”
在连续两年获得最有价值球员奖后, 斯蒂芬解释了他的人生哲学: “我从来没有真正开始改变比赛……我想做的只是做我自己……”
*When the military training is conducted, the children were asked to stand in a row.
军训时, 孩子们被要求站成一排。
*Wide and clean road, row upon row of high-rises and fresh air after rain, the spring in Jinan High-tech Zone gives you the sign of modern new district.
宽敞整洁的道路, 鳞次栉比的高楼, 雨后清新的空气, 济南高新区的春天日益透露出现代化新城区的气息。
【词块积累】
a row of 一排, 一行, 一列
row upon row 一排又一排
go for a row 去划船
语法填空。
(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.
(2)We have to stay inside for more than 20 days in a row because of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic.
(3)(2020·浙江高考) The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally don’t flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour.
6. Knowing where the ball would go wasn’t easy.
知道球的去向并不容易。
【句式解构】
*Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt.
精准射击是他学到的另一件事。
*Playing basketball was his dream, which cost him much time. 打篮球是他的梦想, 而且这花费了他好多时间。
动词-ing短语作主语
动词-ing形式表示概念、习惯或经验。有时用it作形式主语, 把作主语的-ing短语放在后面。动词-ing短语作主语时, 注意谓语动词用单数。
语法填空。
(1)Losing(lose) her new bike made Mary so upset.
(2) It’s no use talking(talk) without doing.
(3) Watching films is(be) my favourite pastime.
(4)Using mobile phones for too long tends to make us passive and ignore physical exercise.
(5)(2020 •浙江高考)Working(work) out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first.
7. I know it inspires a lot of the next generation, a lot of people who love the game of basketball to value the skill of it, value the fact that you can work every single day to get better. 我知道这激励了很多下一代人和很多热爱篮球运动的人重视篮球的技术, 重视你每天都可以努力变得更好的事实。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。句子的主干是“I know. . . ”, know后面跟的是宾语从句, 省略了引导词that。宾语从句中, who引导定语从句, 修饰先行词a lot of people; 最后的that引导同位语从句, 修饰the fact。
*(2020 •全国Ⅱ卷) Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.
高收入的父母倾向于让孩子更频繁地玩智力游戏。玩智力游戏的男孩和女孩都拥有更好的空间能力。
*(2020 •江苏高考)I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher.
我和我的妻子位于亚马孙中部, 她在那里做医学研究员。
语法填空。
(1)The room where there is a machine is a work shop.
(2)I’ll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
(3)Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.
(4)He thought that if the government was kind, then people would be good.
(5)Some rulers followed the advice which/that Mencius gave.
(6)It is possible that we have too much salt and fat, which is harmful to our health.
8. Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become. 激励别人相信自己, 斯蒂芬·库里就是活生生的例子, 证明别人对你的看法不一定会影响你成为什么样的人。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。句子的主干是“Stephen Curry is living proof”, 后面的that引导同位语从句。同位语从句中, 第一个what引导主语从句, 第二个what引导宾语从句。需要注意, what引导名词性从句时有双重功能。
*Our income is now several times what it was ten years ago.
我们现在的收入是10年前的几倍。
*After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
似乎过了几个小时, 他才苦笑着出来。
*This is what they call Salt Lake City.
这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
*Please focus on the fact that swarms of up to 80 million locusts are swallowing crops in East Africa, putting 13 million people at risk of hunger. 请注意这个事实: 8 000多万只蝗虫正在东非啃食庄稼, 这将导致1 300万人面临饥饿危机。
语法填空。
(1) (2020 • 天津高考)It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at.
(2) (2020 •天津高考)I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
(3)Experts say what is needed is continuous attention and maintenance.
(4)What delighted me most was that she was a great painter!
拓视野·观天下
1. From the central government to local governments, from shiny urban to muddy rural areas, the whole nation is carrying on battling the epidemic with resolve and self-sacrifice, nothing short of the most comprehensive, rigorous and thorough-going measures have been taken.
从中央政府到地方政府, 从明亮的城市到泥泞的乡村, 我们以壮士断腕的决心, 果断继续采取最全面、最严格、最彻底的举措迎击疫情。
2. On New Year’s Eve, he announced on YouTube that he will give away more than $9 million to 1, 000 of his Twitter followers to see if it makes them gain more self-belief. All they had to do is to stand a chance of winning the money by retweeting his original post before midnight on January 7. It is beyond their expectations.
新年前夜, 他在YouTube(视频网站)上宣布, 将向1 000 名推特粉丝送出超900万美元, 看看金钱能否使他们更有自信。网友只需在1月7日午夜前转发他的原推文就有机会获得奖金。这超出了他们的预期。
【要点拾遗】
1. shiny adj. 光滑发亮的, 闪光的
*A far cry from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association(NBA), it was along this road that Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. 与NBA明亮的灯光和闪亮的球场大不相同的是, 就是在这条路上, 斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料绑在一个电话线杆上, 制成了一个简单的篮子。
*His face was sallow and shiny with sweat.
他脸色蜡黄, 汗珠津津。
*The sun shone brightly in a cloudless sky.
太阳在无云的天空中明亮地照耀着。
*He shined shoes and sold newspapers to make money.
他靠擦鞋、卖报挣钱。
*She has set a shining example of loyal service over four decades. 四十年间, 她树立了一个忠诚服务的光辉榜样。
【词块积累】
shine(shined, shined; shone, shone)
vi. /vt. (使)发光; 照耀, 照射
shined, shined 擦亮vt. ; shone, shone发亮vi.
语法填空。
(1)Something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny(shine) object.
(2)Her blonde hair was shiny (shine) and clean.
(3)It is a mild morning and the sun is shining (shine).
(4)Her blue eyes shone (shine) and caught the light.
2. association n. 协会, 社团
*Do you belong to any professional or trade associations?
你参加了专业协会或行业协会吗?
*They have maintained a close association with a college in the US. 他们和美国一所学院保持了密切联系。
*In the public mind, he is closely associated with horror movies. 在公众的心目中, 他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。
*Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
人人都有单独的财产所有权以及同他人合有的所有权。
【词块积累】
associated adj. 关联的; 联合的
associational adj. 联想的; 协会的
associate v. 交往; 结交; 联想; 使联合
trade association 贸易协会; 同业公会
in association with 与……相联系; 与……联合
(1)The association(associate) between the two companies dates back to thirty years ago.
(2) However, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays.
(3)We have formed an association(associate) to help the disabled.
3. bounce v. (使)弹起, (使)反弹
*The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.
球弹了两次他才接到。
*The light bounced off the river and dazzled her.
河面上银波粼粼, 令她目眩。
*She bounced up and down excitedly on the bed.
她兴奋地在床上蹦蹦跳跳。
【词块积累】
bounce sth. on/against 使……在……上反弹
be bounced into (doing) sth. 急急忙忙决定做某事
语法填空。
(1)Once the coronavirus crisis passes, therefore, the economy will bounce(bounce) back and return to its previous course.
(2)He is young enough to bounce(bounce) back from this disappointment.
(3)The kids were bouncing stones against/on the walls.
(4)Party members claimed that they had been bounced into choosing him as leader.
4. footstep n. 脚步声, 足迹
*We mustn’t blindly follow in the footsteps of foreign practice.
我们不能盲目地按外国的办法行事。
*My father is extremely proud that I followed in his footsteps and became a doctor.
我的父亲非常自豪, 因为我继承他的事业, 成为了一名医生。
*The garage is a mile ahead up the hill─just follow your nose.
汽车修理站在前面一英里处的山坡上——一直往前走就可以到。
【词块积累】
follow in one’s footsteps 仿效某人, 继承某人(尤指家人)的事业
follow on 继续下去
follow from 由……产生
it follows from. . . that 从……可知
语法填空。
(1)She works in television, following in her father’s footsteps.
(2)We should follow the footsteps(footstep) of a police officer named Brian Murphy.
(3)You go to the beach with the kids and I’ll follow on when I’ve finished work.
(4)It is easy to see the conclusions in his text follow from his personal experience.
5. expectation n. 预料; 预期
*He performed beyond everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.
他精准的投球和持续努力的表现超出了所有人的预期。
*She went to college with great expectations.
她满怀希望地进入大学。
*Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.
有的父母对孩子的指望不切实际。
*I am expecting several important letters but nothing has arrived. 我正在等几封重要的信件, 可是一封都没到。
*A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected.
服用这些药后有点倦意是正常的。
【词块积累】
expect v. 期望; 指望; 认为; 预料
expect too much of 对……期望过高
expect of 对……期望(要求)
expect to do sth. 期待去做; 期望做某事
in expectation 期望着; 意料之中
expectation of life 平均寿命; 预期寿命
beyond expectation(s) 出乎意料
expectation effect 期望效应
have expectations of (对……)抱有期望
(1)语法填空。
①The result is much better than our expectations(expect).
②This led to an unexpected(expect) consequence, though she had a wonderful time there.
③In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected(expect) to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
(2)The beauties of the West Lake in spring were beyond his expectation(s).
西湖的春景要比他所预想的更加美丽。
6. self-belief n. 自信
*Through self-belief, hard work, perseverance and some help from an old hoop, he has shown that anything is possible.
通过自信、努力工作、毅力和一些来自旧篮筐的帮助, 他已经证明了任何事情都是可能的。
*The more ideas you have, the more self-confident you are.
越有主见的人, 越有自信。
【词块积累】
self-assured adj. 自信的, 自持的
self-confidence n. 自信
self-confident adj. 自信的
self-congratulation n. 沾沾自喜, 洋洋自得
self-control n. 自制力
self-defence n. 自卫
self-sacrifice n. 自我牺牲, 献身
self-possessed adj. (在困难或意外情况下)镇定的, 沉着的, 镇定自若的
(1)If you stand up straight you’ll give an impression of self-confidence/self-belief even if you’re quaking in your shoes.
要是你站得笔挺, 就算实际上怕得要命, 你都会给人留下非常自信的印象。
(2)She is clearly the most articulate and self-possessed member of her family.
显然, 她是全家口才最好、最沉着冷静的人。
(3)Greater self-control is the simple answer to solve most people’s eating problems.
译: 更好的自我克制就是解决大多数人饮食问题的简单答案。
(4)His air and self-assured confidence made him a born leader.
译: 他那种充满自信的神态使他成为一个天生的领导者。
7. It was along this road that Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. 就是在这条路上, 斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料绑在电话线杆上, 做了一个简单的篮子。
【句式解构】
本句是强调句型。强调句型的结构为“It is/was. . . that/who. . . ”。其中只有被强调的部分是人的时候, 后面才可以用who。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、表语、状语等。
*When and where was it that you were born?
你到底是何时何地出生的?
*It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.
是恒心摧毁了人们的野心, 阻碍了人们的脚步。
*It was Zhong Nanshan who/that went to Wuhan firstly to conduct work at emergent time.
正是钟南山在紧急时刻率先到武汉指挥工作。
语法填空。
(1) Was it in the park that she met her old friends?
(2) It was not until the motorbike looked almost new that he stopped repairing and cleaning it.
(3) It was his bad habit that brought about so many health problems.
(4) It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.
8. He probably didn’t realise it at the time, but it was where he learnt to be creative and flexible as a player. 他当时可能没有意识到这一点, 但正是在那里, 他学会了作为一名球员的创造力和灵活性。
【句式解构】
本句是主从复合句。其中where引导的从句作was的表语, 称为表语从句。要判断用什么来引导表语从句, 关键需要分析表语从句的句子成分, 如果什么都不缺少, 则用that, 且that不可以省略。
*That’s why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。
*The problem is who we can get to take the place of her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
*She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
*The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
语法填空。
(1)What worries us most is who let out the secret.
(2) My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.
(3)After all, fame and personal gain is what they are after.
(4)My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
(5)This is why Sara was late for the meeting, but our teacher didn’t know the reason at the beginning.
(6) By boat is the only way to get there, which is how we arrived.
(7) Experts aren’t sure exactly how dreams work, but what is certain is that they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone has dreams.
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