外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse导学案

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse导学案，共6页。学案主要包含了动词不定式作表语，动名词作表语，分词作表语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语法精讲·深化学习
非谓语动词作表语
观察上面对话, 并完成下列句子。
(1)They gt married after ten years f lve.
经历了十年的爱情长跑, 他们结婚了。
(2)The news is inspiring.
这个消息太令人振奋了。
(3)My wish is t find a Prince Charming like him.
我的愿望是找一个像他那样的白马王子。
非谓语动词跟在系动词后面作表语, 构成系表结构。三种非谓语动词指的是动词不定式, 分词和动名词。它们在句法功能上有个共同的特点, 即可以作句中的表语。但在表达的意义上却不尽相同。动名词和不定式作表语时, 或者说明和补充主语的内容, 或者是主语所产生的结果, 和主语是处在同等的地位。分词作表语则相当于一个形容词, 表示主语的性质或特征。
一、动词不定式作表语
(1)动词不定式放在be, becme, sund, taste, seem, appear等系动词后面常表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用, 其主语常常是wish, idea, task, purpse, duty, gal, aim, way等表示意向、打算、计划的词及what引导的主语从句等。
*Her wish is t becme a key cllege student after graduating frm high schl.
她的愿望是高中毕业后成为一名名校大学生。
*What he wanted t suggest is t cut dwn the price and increase the sales.
他想建议的是降低价格, 增加销售量。
(2)动词不定式作表语时也常用来表示预定要发生的动作, 或表示未来的可能性或假设。
*The students are t meet at the schl gate tmrrw.
明天学生们将在学校大门口见面。
*Her plan is t be a failure. 她的计划是注定要失败的。
二、动名词作表语
动名词作表语通常是对主语进行解释、说明。这时主语和表语位置可以互换。
*My jb is lking after the children.
我的工作是照看这些孩子。
*What hate mst is being laughed at.
=Being laughed at is what I hate mst.
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
1. 不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。
动名词说明主语的情况或性质, 其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容;
现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。例如:
*His jb is cleaning the classrm. (动名词短语作表语)
他的工作就是打扫教室。
*He is cleaning the classrm. (谓语, 现在进行时)
他正在打扫教室。
2. 动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语, 两者的区别是:
表示比较抽象、一般的行为, 不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时, 多用动名词(短语);
表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为, 往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时, 多用不定式。
但在很多情况下, 两者差别不太大, 可以互用。试比较:
*Our jb is building huses.
我们的工作是盖房子。(经常性的一般行为)
*Our main task nw is t build this huse.
我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。(特定的具体某次行为)
三、分词作表语
1. 现在分词作表语, 总是跟在系动词之后, 构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语, 表示主语所具有的特征。许多作表语的现在分词几乎已经形容词化, 可以用副词修饰, 也可以有比较级形式。这类常见的现在分词有 amazing, amusing, annying, astnishing, bring, charming等。
*The develpment f ur aviatin industry is quite encuraging.
我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。
*Teenagers’ addictin t mbile phnes is wrrying.
青少年对手机上瘾让人很担忧。
2. 过去分词作表语, 表示主语所处的状态。作表语的过去分词也已经形容词化, 可以被副词修饰, 有比较级、最高级形式, 如accustmed, amazed, amused, astnished, bred, brken, clsed, decided, delighted, devted等。例如:
*In the wrld many things are cmplicated.
世界上的很多事情是复杂的。
*The river has swllen with the melted snw.
雪融河涨。
*Einstein’s thery f relativity is knwn all ver the wrld.
爱因斯坦的相对论举世闻名。
3. 现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
*We are bred with the bring speech.
我们对这个无聊的演讲感到非常厌烦。
(1)语法填空。
①We all believe that if a bk is interesting (interest), it will surely interest the readers.
②The pilt asked all the passengers n bard t remain seated (seat) as the plane was making a landing.
③Yu sund very much interested (interest) in the jb, which makes me excited.
④It is said that listening t music makes a persn feel relaxed (relax) when he is tired.
⑤The stry was mving. We were all deeply mved by the stry. (mve)
(2)The city is surrunded n three sides by muntains.
这座城市三面环山。
(3)His clleagues were surprised at his absurd behaviur.
他的同事们对他那荒诞的行为感到吃惊。
使用本单元所学语法知识完成下列短文。
Tm’s hbby was (1)smking(smke). He likes reading newspapers because it was (2)interesting (interest). He felt (3)astnished (astnish) when he read a newspaper abut lung cancer. What he wanted t d was (4)t give (give) up smking at nce. But smetimes he remained (5)puzzled (puzzle) if he shuld cntinue r give up. S he gt (6)changed (change) and went t a hspital t find a dctr fr help, wh shwed him sme (7)frightening(frighten) pictures f lung wh smked heavily. S he was (8)determined(determine) t stp smking and fllwed the dctr’s advice. Nw his part-time jb is (9)t educate (educate) peple abut health and he finds the wrk is very (10)rewarding (reward).
主题活动·话题实践
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. art exhibitins 艺术展
2. n display/n shw/n exhibitin在展览, 在展出
3. be knwn fr/be knwn as因为……而出名,
作为……而出名
4. awe-inspiring wrks令人敬畏的作品
5. get the idea frm从……得到灵感
6. be well wrth seeing很值得看
7. make a deep impressin n sb. 给某人留下深刻印象
8. high-skilled artist技艺高超的艺术家
9. surce f inspiratin灵感来源
10. prtest wars and prmte peace反对战争, 促进和平
Ⅱ. 话题情境
根据情境和提示完成对话。
A: What did yu d this Sunday?
B: I visited an ①art exhibitin(画展) being held in art gallery.
A: What d yu think f it?
B: Many art wrks are ②n display/n shw/n exhibitin(在展出), including sme wrks created by famus artists, such as Zhang Daqian, Qi Baishi and Xu Beihng.
A: Which wrks impressed yu mst?
B: Xu Beihng’s Hrse ③made a deep impressin n me(给我留下了深刻的印象). In fact, all the wrks ④are well wrth seeing (很值得看).
A: Hw lng will the exhibitin last?
B: It’s said that the exhibitin will clse at the end f this mnth.
A: OK, I will g and appreciate the ⑤awe-inspiring wrks (令人敬畏的作品)next Sunday.
B: May yu have a gd time then.
Ⅰ. 情境句式
1. What d yu think f the painting created by Pabl Picass ? /Hw are yu finding the painting created by Pabl Picass ?
你认为毕加索的这幅画怎么样?
2. It measures 5 meters by 3 meters.
它的尺寸是5米*3米。
3. In the centre f the painting, we can see a lifelike dve.
在这幅画的中央, 我们可以看到一只栩栩如生的鸽子。
4. Her fair skin creates a strng cntrast with her black hair.
她白皙的皮肤和她黑色的头发形成了鲜明的对比。
5. I persnally think/As far as I’m cncerned this painting shws the simplicity f her style.
我个人认为这幅画表现了她的朴实风格。
6. He is cnsidered as the greatest western artist f the twentieth century. 他被认为是20世纪最伟大的西方艺术家。
7. Cubist artists painted bjects and peple, with different aspects f the bject r persn shwing at the same time.
在描绘物体或人的时候, 立体派画家会同时展现对象的多个不同侧面。
Ⅱ. 情境交流
美术课上孩子们都在谈论着自己最喜爱的画家和他们的作品。
A: Wh is yur favrite artist?
B: Pabl Picass, f curse. He is cnsidered as 1. the greatest western artist(最伟大的西方艺术家) f the twentieth century.
A: What is feature f his paintings?
B: As a cubist artist, he painted bjects and peple, 2. with different aspects f the bject r persn shwing at the same time(同时展现对象的多个不同侧面). Fr example, Yung Girls Avignn.
A: Which f his painting impressed yu mst?
B: Dve f Peace. 3. In the centre f the painting(在这幅画的中央), we can see a lifelike dve. I persnally think 4. this painting shws(这幅画显示出) his desire fr peace.
A: I can’t agree with yu mre. 现在分词
主语通常是物, 表示“(某物)令人……的”
过去分词
主语通常是人, 表示“(人)对……感到……”