高中Unit 3 Faster higher stronger学案及答案

这是一份高中Unit 3 Faster higher stronger学案及答案，共7页。学案主要包含了动名词的特点，动名词的时态语态，动名词作主语的几种情况，动名词与不定式作主语的异同点等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语法精讲·深化学习
动名词作主语(-ing as subject)
非谓语动词用法思维导图
观察上面对话并完成句子。
1. Learning t paint well takes a lng time.
学好画画需要很长时间。
2. Ding exercise keeps us healthy.
做运动使我们保持健康。
3. Speaking and listening are very imprtant fr language learning.
说和听对语言学习非常重要。
4. It is a waste f time discussing such matters with him.
和他讨论这些问题就是浪费时间。
5. It is n gd eating t much sweet fd.
吃太多的甜食没有好处。
一、动名词的特点
1. 既有动词的特征, 也有名词的特征;
2. 动名词由“动词原形+-ing”构成, 其否定形式为“nt+动名词”;
3. 动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等, 但不能作谓语。
二、动名词的时态语态
三、动名词作主语的几种情况
1. 动名词作主语通常表示一般性、习惯性的动作, 且谓语动词一般用单数。
*Spending t much time n yur cmputer is harmful t yur health.
在电脑上花太多的时间对你的健康有害。
*Ding is better than wishing. 干比空想好。
*Many parents hld the view that expanding children’s hrizns is the majr gal fr them, while imprving language skills and experiencing independence are als ppular.
许多父母认为拓宽孩子的视野对他们来说是主要目标, 而提高语言技能、体验独立性也很受欢迎。
2. 动名词作主语, 且主语较长时, 为了平衡句子结构, 通常用it 作形式主语。常见句式:
*It is a waste f time arguing with him abut such matters.
跟他争论这样的事是浪费时间的。
*It is n gd eating t much sweet fd.
吃太多的甜食没有好处。
*It’s n use ding what yu like; yu have gt t like what yu d. 不能爱哪行才干哪行, 要干哪行爱哪行。
3. 动名词用于“There be”结构中。例如:
*There is n saying when he’ll cme.
他什么时候来还很难说。
*There is n telling what will happen.
谁也不知道会发生什么事。
4. 动名词用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如:
*N smking. (禁止吸烟)
*N parking. (禁止停车)
*N talking. (禁止交谈)
5. 动名词的复合结构作主语。
动名词的复合结构在句中作主语, 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时, 常可以在前面加上一个名词所有格或形容词性物主代词, 构成动名词的复合结构。例如:
*Their cming t help was a great encuragement t us.
他们来帮忙对我们是莫大的鼓励。
*Student’s knwing English well helps them in learning French.
学生们学好英语对学习法语很有帮助。
6. 动名词的否定形式直接在动名词前面+ nt
*Nt making enugh preparatins in advance usually causes a lt f truble.
不提前做好准备会带来很多的问题。
*Nt being invited t his friend’s birthday party made him upset.
没有被邀请参加朋友的生日聚会让他很难过。
动名词作主语, 如果主语只有一个动作时, 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
*Washing the car makes him dirty. 洗车使他浑身很脏。
四、动名词与不定式作主语的异同点
1. 动名词和不定式作主语的相同点
(1)不定式和动名词作主语时, 常常是为了保持句子的平衡, 用it来作形式主语。如:
*It is nt easy t learn English well.
学好英语不容易。
*It is n use asking him fr help.
求他帮忙也没用。
(2)如果主语用了不定式, 表语和宾语也要用不定式; 如果主语用了动名词, 表语和宾语也要用动名词, 这在英语中称为对称性, 如:
*T see is t believe. / Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
*It is better t stay at hme than t g ut.
待在家里比出去更好。
2. 动名词和不定式作主语的不同点
(1)不定式作主语往往表示具体的某一动作; 表示泛指一般的抽象的概念时, 多用动名词, 如:
*Walking is a gd frm f exercise fr bth yung and ld.
无论对于年轻人还是老年人, 散步都不失为一种好的运动方式。
*T finish the wrk in a week is impssible.
在一周之内完成这项任务是不可能的。
(2)在there/ it is n use/ gd/ help/. . . 的句式中常用动名词作主语, 而少用不定式。如:
*It/There is n use crying ver the spilt milk.
覆水难收。
*It/There is n help taking this medicine.
吃这种药没用。
但如果该句型中用了fr引出不定式的逻辑主语, 就只能用不定式, 如:
*There is n gd fr us t d that exercise.
做那个练习对我们没什么好处。
(3)不定式可以和when, hw, where, what, whether等连用, 在句中作主语、宾语和表语, 而动名词则不能。
*Hw t slve the prblem is a ht ptat.
如何解决这个问题是很棘手的事。
*Where t put the bx seems hard t decide.
把箱子放在哪里好像很难决定。
*Whether t d it hasn’t been decided.
要不要做这件事还没决定呢。
*What t d next is up t yu.
接下来要做什么取决于你。
语法填空。
(1)Ging(g) t Hangzhu by train takes abut 10 hurs frm here.
(2)It is a waste f time trying(try) persuading such a persn.
(3)It is n use cmplaining(cmplain) withut taking any actin.
(4)Planning s far ahead makes(make) n sense-s many things will have changed by next year.
(5)Getting(get) up early in the mrning is a gd habit, which will benefit us a lt.
(6)Leaving the less imprtant things until tmrrw is(be) ften acceptable.
语法填空
D yu like travelling? 1. Staying(stay) healthy while 2. travelling(travel) can help t ensure yur trip is a happy and enjyable ne. When travelling abrad, yu can make full use f the fllwing tips which can make yur trip much easier.
It’s necessary fr yu 3. t get(get) a signed passprt and visa. Als, befre yu g, fill in the emergency infrmatin page f yur passprt! Make tw cpies f yur passprt identificatin page. This will help yu a lt if yur passprt is 4. stlen(steal). Leaving ne cpy at hme with friends r relatives 5. is(be) a gd idea.
Read the public annuncements r travel warnings fr the cuntries yu plan 6. t visit(visit). Get yurself 7. infrmed(infrm) f lcal laws and custms f the cuntries t which yu are travelling.
Dn’t accept the packages 8. given(give) t yu by strangers. It’s n use 9. taking(take)t much mney r unnecessary credit cards. 10. Making(make) enugh preparatins in advance can help yu succeed in travelling.
主题活动·话题实践
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. the Olympic Games 奥运会
2. win a gld medal获得金牌
3. break the recrd打破纪录
4. win the champinship获得冠军
5. the mst valuable player最有价值球员
6. inspire a lt f peple激励着许多人
7. a sprt rle mdel体育榜样
8. an anniversary ceremny周年庆典
9. hnr remarkable sprts peple表彰杰出的体育工作者
10. sprting spirit体育精神
Ⅱ. 情境交流
A: I’m srry t hear that Kbe Bryant was killed in the air crash.
B: Me, t. Kbe is my favrite basketball player and he is als 1. a sprt rle mdel(体育榜样).
A: Yes, what he achieved in his life 2. inspired a lt f peple(激励着许多人) t d better and better. When did he 3. win his first champinship(获得他的第一个冠军)?
B: He wn his first champinship in 2000. In all , he wn 5 champinships.
A: Hw many times did he win 4. the mst valuable player(最有价值球员)?
B: He was an 18-time NBA All-star and he gt the AMVP fur times.
A: What’s his highest scre in a single game?
B: He nce scred 81 pints at a single game in 2006 s he was nicknamed Mr 81.
A: In a wrd, he left a deep impressin n us and he will be remembered frever fr his 5. sprting spirit(体育精神).
Ⅲ. 话题句式
1. I think the award shuld be given t thse wh have wn mre gld medals.
我认为这个奖应该给那些获得金牌更多的人。
2. Are yu serius? 你是认真的吗?
3. I mean that sprting spirit is mre imprtant than gld medals.
我的意思是体育精神比金牌更重要。
4. Besides , he is the ldest disabled persn t reach the summit.
另外, 他是登顶的年龄最大的残疾人。
5. I dn’t think he deserves the award.
我认为他不应该得到这个奖项。
Ⅳ. 情境交流
A: Hw many Chinese peple have wn the Laureus Wrld Sprts Awards?
B: Fur.
A: Wh are they?
B: They are Ya Ming, Li Na, Liu Xiang and Xia Byu.
A: Xia Byu? 1. Are yu serius(你是认真的吗)?
B: Yes. Dn’t yu think he 2. deserves the award(应该得到这个奖)?
A: I dn’t think s. I think the award 3. shuld be given t thse wh have wn mre gld medals(应该奖给那些获得更多金牌的人).
B: I dn’t agree with yu. I mean sprting spirit is mre imprtant than gld medals. He is 4. the ldest disabled persn t reach the summit(登顶的年龄最大的残疾人). Besides, his spirit f self-imprvement and perseverance 5. wn the respect f(赢得尊重) peple all ver the wrld. S I think he well deserves the award.
A: What yu said is very reasnable. I agree with yu. 类别
时态形式
语态形式
主动
被动
v. -ing
一般式
ding
being dne
完成式
having dne
having been dne