Module 2　No Drugs

(主题语境:人与自我——正确的人生态度)

1 addict n.对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子

◆单句填空

①I'm 19 years old and I used to be 　　　　　　　drug addict.(教材原句) 

② Once you are addicted to 　　　　　　　(smoke), it is difficult to give it up. 

③　　　　　　　(addict) to playing computer games, he is always absent from school. 

④Tom's parents are worried that he is 　　　　　　　to computer games which are 　　　　　　　. They want him to fight against his 　　　　　　　to computer games. (addict) 

◆句型转换

Bob is addicted to playing computer games, seldom, if ever, listening carefully in class.

⑤　　　　　　　, Bob seldom, if ever, listens carefully in class. 

答案　①a　②smoking　③Addicted　④addicted, addictive, addiction　⑤Addicted to playing computer games

2 likely adj.可能的adv.很可能

◆选词填空(likely,possible,probable)

①It is the sun that gives off light and heat, which makes it 　　　　　　　for plants to grow. 

②Recent studies suggest that as many as 5 in 1,000 new mothers are 　　　　　　　to have this problem. 

③It is 　　　　　　　that he will come to the party. 

④—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?

—Not 　　　　　　　. She is willing to play against any tough players. 

◆完成句子

⑤Drug users　　　　　　　(更可能陷入麻烦) at school.(教材原句) 

⑥David 　　　　　　　(不太可能开始) smoking because neither of his parents smokes. 

答案　①possible　②likely　③likely/possible/probable

④likely　⑤are more likely to get into trouble　⑥is unlikely to start

3 affect vt.影响;对……有影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭

◆选词填空(affect,effect,influence)

①Smoking in a park doesn't 　　　　　　　other people in the same way.(教材原句) 

②However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might 　　　　　　　general health. 

③Consider the　　　　　　　it will have on your future before you give up the job. 

④We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to be made at the meeting will 　　　　　　　the future of our company. 

◆单句填空

⑤We want to know whether the drug has an effect 　　　　　　　people's health. 

⑥People are now seeking 　　　　　　　(effect) ways of using the least energy to create the greatest benefit. 

⑦Deeply 　　　　　　　(affect) by the film, she couldn't help weeping. 

答案　①affect　②affect　③effect　④influence　⑤on　⑥effective　⑦affected

4 recognise(recognize) vt.认识;认知;认出;承认,认可

◆单句填空

①Participants learn 　　　　　　　(recognise) smoking triggers (things that start them smoking) and they try to set a date in the future when they will stop smoking.(教材原句) 

②Alexander tried to get his work 　　　　　　　(recognize) in medical circles. 

③For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks doing what they wanted to do without 　　　　　　　(recognize). 

④He received the award in recognition 　　　　　　　his success over the past year. 

⑤He was still very modest though he was recognized 　　　　　　　the best student in our class. 

◆完成句子

⑥从萨拉还是个小女孩的时候我就没见过她了,她已变得我都认不出来了。

I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she 　　　　　　　.  

⑦人们认为环境污染已成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。

　　　　　　　environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 

答案　①to recognise　②recognized　③being recognized

④of　⑤as/to be　⑥has changed beyond/out of recognition　⑦It is recognized that

5 ban v.&n.禁止;取缔;禁令

◆单句填空

①The government is thinking about banning　　　　　　　(smoke) on public transport.(教材原句) 

②They hope paper bags 　　　　　　　(ban) someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years. 

③I certainly think there should be a ban 　　　　　　　tobacco advertising. 

◆完成句子

④因为他造成了那起事故,所以他被禁驾三年。

He　　　　　　　for three years because of the accident he caused. 

⑤中国政府下令禁止吃野生动物。

The Chinese government　　　　　　　eating wild animals. 

答案　①smoking　②will be banned　③on　④was banned from driving　⑤put a ban on/banned

1 break into 破门而入;强行闯入;突然开始

◆介(副)词填空

①The next day, I broke 　　　　　　　a house and stole a television and a video recorder.(教材原句) 

②He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system broke　　　　　　　. 

③Before the war broke 　　　　　　　, many people put away possessions they could not take with them in safe places. 

④I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken 　　　　　　　. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. 

⑤We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom broke 　　　　　　　and said something urgent. 

◆完成句子

⑥那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲,但没成功。

The boy tried to　　　　　　　his father but in vain. 

⑦科学家们认为他们开始在与癌症的战斗中取得突破。

Scientists think they are beginning 　　　　　　　in the fight against cancer.  

答案　①into　②down　③out　④up　⑤in　⑥break away from　⑦to break through

2 give up 戒除;放弃;让给

◆介(副)词填空

①And here are some ideas to help people to give 　　　　　　　smoking.(教材原句) 

②If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him 　　　　　　　during the day. 

③I won't give 　　　　　　　whatever great difficulties I come across in my life. 

④This is a very special flower and it can give 　　　　　　　a strong sweet perfume at night. 

⑤Do not give 　　　　　　　your credit card information unless it is a secure site. 

⑥Now their talks have reached a key stage where one side must give in 　　　　　　　the other. 

答案　①up　②away　③in　④off　⑤out　⑥to

3 belong to属于;为……的财产;为……的一员

◆单句填空

①As is known to us all, China is a developing country　　　　　　　(belong)to the third world.=As is known to us all, China is a developing country which　　　　　　　(belong) to the third world. 

◆完成句子

②阅读第一至第六部分,然后决定它们属于哪篇文章。

Read parts 1—6 and decide which article they 　　　　　　　.(教材原句) 

③1876年日本军方绘制的一张日本地图证明这些岛不属于日本。

A Japanese map drawn by the Japanese military in 1876 proves that the islands 　　　　　　　Japan. 

④出租车司机经常提醒乘客下车时带走自己的东西。

The taxi driver often reminds passengers 　　　　　　　when they leave the car. 

答案　①belonging;belongs　②belong to　③don't belong to　④to take their belongings

1 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级

◆完成句子

①我从来没有听过比这更好的嗓音。

I have　　　　　　　heard a　　　　　　　voice. 

②你买的这个好极了。

You　　　　　　　one. 

③你开车时再小心也不为过,因为交通事故经常发生。

You　　　　　　　while driving a car, for accidents happen frequently. 

◆一句多译

朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。

④Julia is taller than　　　　　　　in her class. 

⑤Julia is taller than　　　　　　　in her class. 

⑥Julia is taller than　　　　　　　in her class. 

⑦Julia is taller than　　　　　　　in her class. 

⑧Julia is the　　　　　　　girl in her class. 

答案　①never;better　②couldn't have bought a better

③can't be careful enough/too careful　④any other girl　⑤all the other girls　⑥any of the other girls　⑦the rest of the girls⑧tallest

2 whatever引导让步状语从句

◆用whatever,no matter what, however填空

①The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit 　　　　　　　the season is. 

②　　　　　　　 hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. 

③Some people believe　　　　　　　 has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 

④She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do 　　　　　　　it takes to save her life. 

◆完成句子

⑤Believe it or not. I'm always on your side 　　　　　　　(不管你有什么困难). 

答案　①whatever　②However　③whatever

④whatever　⑤whatever/no matter what difficulties you have

1 教材与语法填空

　　阅读所学课文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Adam Rouse used to be a drug addict,1.　　　first started using drugs at 15 and continued to buy cannabis from a man in the street for about six months.Then 2.　　　man offered him some crack cocaine.When Adam went back and wanted 3.　　　(many)crack cocaine,the man asked him 4.　　　a lot of money. 5.　　　he didn't have enough money,and was in great pain. 

Then Adam broke into a house, 6.　　　(steal)a television and a video recorder and sold them in a shop.With the money he bought some more crack cocaine from the same man. By this time he was 7.　　　(addict)to crack cocaine.And he had to steal something every day to pay for the drugs. Finally he 8.　　　(take)to the police station,where he took the doctor's advice and stopped taking crack cocaine 9.　　　(immediate). Now Adam Rouse works in a center for drug addicts, 10.　　　(help)others to stop taking drugs. 

答案　1.who　2.the　3.more　4.for　5.But　6.stole

7.addicted　8.was taken　9.immediately　10.helping

2 教材与短文改错

　　根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　In almost every US city and town,there are local organizations to help the people stop smoking.Participants learn to recognize smoking triggers and he try to set a date in the future when they stop smoking.One of the most popular and success is the California Smokers' Helpline.It provides some advices for people which want a cigarette.Forexample,whichever you're doing when you want to smoke,do something else.It also gives some ideas to help people to give in smoking.One of these suggestion is that one develops new interests such as walking,biking or jogging.

答案　1.第一句:去掉the　2.第二句:he→they　3.第二句:stop前加will　4.第三句:success→successful　5.第四句:advices→advice　6.第四句:which→who/that　7.第五句:whichever→whatever　8.第六句:in→up　9.第七句:suggestion→suggestions　10.第七句:develops→develop

3 教材与话题写作

Ⅰ.写作要点

　　根据下面的素材,用本模块所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。

1.李华,属于二班的一个学生,过去沉溺于毒品。

2.为了让他戒掉这个坏习惯,他的父母减少了他的生活费用。

3.他们告诉他照这样下去他很可能会被送进监狱。李华不愿意听。

4.为了弄点钱,一天他闯入附近的一座房子然后被捕了。

5.警察告诉李华他处于危险之中,决定把他送到戒毒中心。

Ⅱ.连句成篇

将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。

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答案　

One possible version:

Li Hua, a student belonging to Class 2, used to be addicted to drugs. His parents reduced his living cost in order to let him give up the bad habit. What's more, they told him that he was likely to be sent to prison if he went on like this. However, Li Hua wouldn't listen to them. To get some money, he broke into a house nearby one day and then was arrested. The policeman told Li Hua that he was in danger and decided to send him to a center for drug addicts. 

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020湖南长沙一模)

　　Sally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts (烟头) from the streets of her home city.

Called the “Butt Lady” by her local community, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014.The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet(平板电脑), and earlier this month, she hit a historic milestone—one million cigarette butts.

“I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere,” Sally Dawly said. “I'm just shocked that I had to pick up so many. I've ever picked up 3,000 butts in one day,” she said. “Don't throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.”

With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one person's efforts really make a difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and restaurants in the city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as she approached her one-million-butt milestone.

Sally knows her city's cigarette butt littering problem won't be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts in the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts.

Word of the Butt Lady's efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento reports that other cities have started seeking her help as well.

1.Why does Sally Dawly carry an iPad with her while picking up the butts?

A.To entertain the crowds.

B.To monitor the smokers.

C.To attract people's attention.

D.To record the number of the butts.

2.How did Sally Dawly feel when picking up cigarette butts?

A.Excited but upset.

B.Shocked and sorry.

C.Frightened but content.

D.Astonished and desperate.

3.From the text what can be inferred about Sally Dawly?

A.She picks up nearly 3,000 cigarette butts every day.

B.She will work in other cities in California in the future.

C.She has set a new goal of picking up two million cigarette butts.

D.She picked up one million cigarette butts with members of her community.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.California's “Butt Lady”.

B.Fighting against smoking.

C.Californians' health problems.

D.Smoking problems in California.

答案　

[语篇解读]　众所周知,吸烟有害健康,然而有时候让人更加烦恼的是随处可见的烟头。在美国加利福尼亚州有这样一位“烟头女士”,她利用业余时间捡拾烟头,并在最近捡到了第100万个烟头!

1.D　细节理解题。由第二段中To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet可知为了记录自己捡到的烟头数量,她带了平板电脑。故选D项。

2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知Sally很厌烦看到这么多烟头,她对捡起来这么多数量的烟头感到震惊,并且劝告大家最好不要吸烟。因此她的感受应该是“震惊和难过的”。故选B项。

3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中and already has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts可知C项正确。根据第三段...I've ever picked up 3,000 butts in one day...可知A项错误;根据最后一段可知Sally的行动影响了邻近的城市,但并不是她要去邻近的城市工作,故B项错误;根据倒数第三段Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on...可知D项错误。故选C项。

4.A　主旨大意题。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头,并且获得了“烟头女士”的称号,故选A项。

B

(2019云南一检,C)

The legislature(立法机构) finds that the cigarette is considered one of the deadliest products in human history, so it begins a new bill introduced in Hawaii's State House, calling for a ban on cigarette sales in the state by 2024.

Hawaii has some of the most restrictive cigarette laws in the nation. In 2016, it became the first state to raise the age to buy cigarettes to 21. Now, its new bill calls for raising the cigarette-buying age to 30 by 2020, up to 40, 50 and 60 in each following year, and up to 100 by 2024.That would effectively clear Hawaii's store shelves of cigarettes, although tourists could still bring them in. The age limits would not apply to e-cigarettes, cigars or chewing tobacco.

And curiously, Hawaii would offer its centenarians (百岁老人) the chance to buy cigarettes near the end of their life — if they could find them.

Richard Creagan, the bill's sponsor, said that he hoped the bill could represent an “end game” for the cigarette problem, and that it might be easier to pass the bill in Hawaii than in a mainland state.

“On the mainland they have more trouble with this because they have states around them that are selling cigarettes,” he said. “We don't have any states around us. And that's why I thought it could be done here, and it would be kind of an example for the rest of the nation and the world.”

Creagan told the HawaiiTribune-Herald he's confident that the bill will survive any court challenges.

In 2015, the National Academy of Sciences released a report arguing that increasing the age to buy tobacco to 21 would have a “considerable impact” on the age at which someone takes their first puff. The report also suggested “if someone is not a regular tobacco user by age 25, it is highly unlikely he or she will become one.” 

5.What can we know about Hawaii from Paragraph 2?

A.Hawaii has no cigarette laws at present.

B.The cigarette-buying age will be 50 in 2023.

C.The age to buy cigarettes was raised to 21 in 2016.

D.All cigarette stores in the state have been closed.

6.What does the new bill call for?

A.Even tourists can't bring cigarettes to Hawaii.

B.No one under 100 can buy cigarettes by 2024.

C.Hawaiians can't buy cigarettes in other states.

D.Growing tobacco is not allowed in Hawaii.

7.The underlined words in the last paragraph mean “　　　”. 

A.buys their first pack of cigarettes

B.smokes their first cigarette

C.quits smoking for the first time

D.first offers cigarettes to others

8.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Hawaii is considering a bill to ban cigarette sales.

B.Hawaii will lower the cigarette-buying age.

C.Hawaii is to ban smoking in its neighboring states.

D.Hawaii has released a report on the harm of smoking.

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文为说明文。文章围绕夏威夷正在考虑一项禁止香烟销售的法案展开,相关人士就此表达了自己的看法。

5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句In 2016, it became the first state to raise the age to buy cigarettes to 21.可知,夏威夷在2016年成为第一个将购买香烟的年龄提高到21岁的州。故选C项。

6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Now, its new bill calls for raising the cigarette-buying age to 30 by 2020, up to 40, 50 and 60 in each following year, and up to 100 by 2024.可知,新法案要求到2020年将购买香烟的年龄提高到30岁,在接下来的每一年分别提高到40岁、50岁和60岁,到2024年提高到100岁。由此推断,到2024年时,100岁以下的人不能买香烟。故选B。

7.B　词义猜测题。根据下文The report also suggested “if someone is not a regular tobacco user by age 25, it is highly unlikely he or she will become one”.(报告还指出“如果一个人在25岁之前不经常吸烟,那么他或她成为烟民的可能性就非常小”。)可推断,把购买烟草的年龄提高到21岁是为了推迟人们“第一次抽烟”的时间,使得他们在25岁之前不能经常吸烟,从而使人们不成为烟民。故画线单词应为“抽第一根烟;第一次抽烟”,故选B项。

8.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段提出的话题以及文章主要围绕这一话题进行展开,说明了相关人士对于夏威夷禁止香烟销售的法案的看法和意见可知,文章的中心思想是夏威夷正在考虑一项禁止香烟销售的法案。故选A项。

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020课标全国Ⅱ)

Emoji(表情符号)and Workplace Communication

In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 　1　. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. 

Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 　2　, encouraging better and more frequent communication. 

In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 　3　. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 

There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 　4　. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. 

　5　, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. 

A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational

B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly

C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange

D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally

E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly

F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace

G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform

1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为介绍表情符号与工作场所交流。文章介绍了表情符号的几个优点。本文旨在培养学生的逻辑分析和语言能力。

1.D　过渡句。these是对上一句中messaging platforms的指代,the popularity照应下一句中76 percent of employees...are using emojis at work。故D项是最佳选项。

2.A　细节句。上一句说使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情,让意图清楚,设空处进一步讲述表情符号的功能。故选A项(使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更具有会话性)。

3.G　细节句。本段首句表明雇员的年龄范围从22到70及以上,找到一个共同的交流方式可能是个挑战。设空处具体解释应对挑战的方法。故选G项。

4.B　细节句。这一段阐明表情符号在语气中的作用。上一句为电子邮件如此令人烦恼,设空处衔接上文,甚至正式的电子邮件也会冰冷和不友好。故选B项。

5.F　主题句。根据设空处位置可以推测此处为主题句,是对文章的概括。研究表明更为友好的交流有助于建立更快乐的工作氛围。后面的并列分句说明表情符号就会产生那个积极的效果。因此,F项是最佳选项。

长难句　While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve.尽管年轻一代喜欢面对面交流,然而对于那些习惯使用电子邮件这样的传统工具的人来说,聊天平台可能像一个不断学习的曲线。

本句是一个主从复合句。 while引导让步状语从句;for those...是介词短语作状语,used to working with traditional tools like email是过去分词短语作those的后置定语。

Ⅲ.短文改错

(2020福建漳州模拟)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I still remembered my working experience in a café last summer. One day, I entered into it to get a drink. However, what attracted my attentions was not the menu, but a notice said, “NOW HIRING”. I took look at the requirements but thought maybe I could have a try. On arriving home, I talked to my parents about get a part-time job in the café during the summer vacation and he strongly supported me. Determine to challenge myself, I went to the interview. Fortunate, I passed it and I was really proud of myself!

答案

1.第一句:remembered→remember　句意:我还记得去年夏天在一家咖啡馆工作的经历。此处表达:我现在仍然记得此事,所以谓语动词要用一般现在时。

2.第二句:去掉into　此处表达:我走进这家咖啡馆。enter是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语,不需要加介词。

3.第三句:attentions→attention　句意:然而,吸引我注意力的不是菜单,而是一张写着“现招”的告示。attention是不可数名词,没有复数形式。

4.第三句:said→saying　此处是现在分词作定语,修饰前面的名词notice,两者之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式。

5.第四句:在took后加a　句意:我看了一下要求,然后想或许我可以试一试。take/have a look at 看了看……。

6.第四句:but→and　前后在意思上是并列关系,应该用并列连词and连接。

7.第五句:get→getting　介词about后面应该用v.-ing形式作宾语,故把get改为getting。

8.第五句:he→they　我和爸妈讨论此事,所以此处应该是:他们都支持我。故把he改为they。

9.第六句:Determine→Determined　句意:决心挑战自己去面试了。逗号前是非谓语动词作状语,根据be determined to do sth.可知,此处要用Determined。

10.第七句:Fortunate→Fortunately　此处应该用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。

Ⅳ.书面表达

(2020湖南长郡中学三模)

假定你是李华,你收到了来自英国的朋友Mr. Nathan从北京寄来的纪念中华人民共和国成立70周年(anniversary)的邮票。现在请写一封电子邮件。要点如下:

1.收到邮票的心情;

2.表示感谢;

3.询问对方情况及是否需要帮助。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

答案　

One possible version:

Dear Mr. Nathan,

Having received your wonderful gift—stamps for the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, I feel more than excited and pleased. I'm thankful for your considerate and thoughtful present. As you know, these stamps are so great and important to a stamp collector that I will keep them forever. You must have made great efforts in collecting these stamps. I must say thank you very much.

How about your work in Beijing? Wish you all the best, and tell me your demands during your stay in China, and I will try my best to help you.

Hope to communicate more often.

Yours,

Li Hua