高中外研版 (2019)Unit 1 Knowing me, Knowing you学案设计

Unit 1 Face values

主语从句

[观察例句]

观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用

1．That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us.

2．It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.

3．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.

4．Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.

5．What I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone.

6．Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.

7．When we arrive at the destination doesn't matter.

8．How this happened is not clear to anyone.

以上句子中，1－3为从属连词引导的主语从句；4－6为连接代词引导的主语从句；7－8为连接副词引导的主语从句。

[归纳用法]

一、主语从句的概述

在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。主语从句可直接放在句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。

二、主语从句的引导词

1．从属连词 that, whether, if等。

2．连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。

3．连接副词 when, where, why, how, whenever，however，wherever等。

三、主语从句的用法

1．that引导的主语从句

(1)that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义。但是that不能省略。

That we need more equipment is obvious.

显然，我们需要更多的设备。

That she won the game made us very happy.

她赢得了比赛令我们非常高兴。

[名师点津]　从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

(2)在that引导的主语从句中，常用it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句后置，常见的此类句型有：

①It＋be＋形容词(obvious, natural, surprising, possible, likely, important, necessary等)＋that从句

It is certain that she will do well in her exam.

可以肯定她会考得很好。

It is obvious that you have made a big mistake.

很明显你犯了一个大错。

[名师点津]　在句型It＋be＋形容词＋that从句中，如果形容词为necessary, important等，主语从句要用虚拟语气。即：It is necessary/important that＋主语＋(should)＋动词原形＋其他．

It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages.

大学生掌握一两门外语是非常有必要的。

It is important that he (should) attend every day.

他每天都要出席，这很重要。

②It＋be＋名词(词组)(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等)＋that从句。

It is no surprise that our team have won the game.

我们队已经赢得了那场比赛并不令人惊奇。

It is a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.

很遗憾你昨天没去听讲座。

③It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)＋that从句。

It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.

据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。

It is generally considered that boys are better at science than girls.

人们普遍认为男孩比女孩更擅长理科。

[名师点津]　如果过去分词为表示建议、命令、要求等的词(suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，demanded等)，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。

It is suggested that you(should) spend more time in studying English.

建议你花更多的时间学习英语。

④It＋动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, prove, occur to sb.等)＋that从句

It happened that I was away when he called.

他来电话时我碰巧不在。

It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.

我突然想起我们应该和经理联系。

2．whether引导的主语从句

whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末(前面需用it作形式主语)。whether意为“是否”，只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，且不可省略。

Whether we will go for an autumn outing is not sure.

＝It is not sure whether we will go for an autumn outing.

我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。

It is unknown whether he has agreed to my plan.

不知道他是否已经同意了我的计划。

[即学即练1]　用适当的从属连词填空

①That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.

②It is likely that he can't come to the meeting.

③Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it.

④It remains to be seen whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.

3．连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句

(1)连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，不可以省略。

What he said just now is true.

他刚才说的是真的。

Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚。

[名师点津]　①whoever和whatever引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。

②what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语时，谓语动词的单复数由谓语动词后面名词的数决定。

What hurt my feelings was the judge's comment.

伤害我感情的是评审员的评语。

What the kid wanted was only a new school bag.(school bag是可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数)

那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。

What they need are a car and some water.(a car and some water表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数)

他们需要的是一辆车和一些水。

(2)连接副词when, where, why, how，whenever，however, wherever等在从句中作状语。

Where he lives is not known to anyone.

他住在哪里谁也不知道。

When we'll go for a picnic isn't known.(when在从句中作时间状语)

我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。

[即学即练2]　用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空

①Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.

②When they will start has not been decided yet.

③What caused the accident is a complete mystery.

④Which team will win the match remains to be seen.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.

2. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.

3．But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.

4．It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.

5．Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

6．That she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

7．Sometimes, how we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.

8．It remains to be seen whether this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.

9．Who will take over the company has not been decided yet.

10．Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

It is true 1.that inner beauty is very important, but sometimes, 2.what we wear can't be ignored completely.Supposing you are going to attend an interview, 3.how you look in appearance may decide whether you will be accepted, because 4.that we dressed appropriately will leave a good first impression on the interviewer.In this case, 5.whether we should pay attention to our external beauty is obvious.6.Who seems more beautiful may boost the self­confidence and perform well in the interview.