英语必修 第三册Unit 2 Making a difference导学案

Unit 2 A life’s work

阅读P20－21教材中的材料，选出最佳选项。

1．What is the structure of this passage?

A．total—divide

B．total—divide—total

C．divide—total

D．divide—total—divide

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．It was through a documentary that outsiders knew the restoration masters.

B．In the Palace Museum，there have been many watchmakers working on  timepieces.

C．One of the ways for foreign envoys to please Qing emperors was to present them with rare treasures.

D．All the timepieces repaired by Mr Wang were sent by foreigners.

3．Why does the author say “it seems unlikely that the restoration of the clocks will ever be complete” in Paragraph 5?

A．Because in the workshop there are other jobs waiting to be done.

B．Because there are so few professional maintenance persons.

C．Because it takes a long time to fix a clock.

D．Because many repaired clocks probably need to be repaired again.

[答案]　1－3　BAD

Words and Phrases

　trial n．试验，试用

(教材P17)　...Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.

……鲁丝经过反复试验，终于把它们培育出来了。

[例]　New cars have several severe trials before they are put on the market.

汽车在投放市场前要经过多次严格试验。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The product they offered is on trial in our workshop.

②It is known to all that many drugs were found by/through trial and error.

③The judge did not say when they might be brought to trial．

法官没有说明他们将于何时接受庭审。

　back down退让；认输

(教材P19)　Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert，he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.

他与家人分别多年，忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件，拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续进行科学研究。

[例]　The school was closed，and did not reopen until Tom backed down.

学校被迫关闭，直到汤姆让步才重开。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The police officers are backed up by extra teams of people at the weekend.

②She turned her back on them when her roommates needed her.

③They sat at the back of the room，pretending to be talking in whispers.

④In that faraway town，two small boats ferry people back and forth．

在那个遥远的小镇上，两只小船往返为人们摆渡。

　restoration n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修

(教材P20)　Among these is the clock restoration master，Wang Jin.

这其中便包括钟表修复大师王津。

[例]　 The restoration took almost 4，000 man­hours over four years.

修复工作历时4年，耗费近4 000个工时。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①We will restore her to health but it may take time.

②They have undertaken a careful restoration (restore)of the building.

③In this case，we just restore to the existing database．

在本例中，我们要恢复到现有数据库。

　 preserve v．维护，保护；保存

(教材P21)　This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills；the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.

新一代的工匠们不仅能够协助保留传统技艺，他们给技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修复艺术能够经得起时间的考验。

[例]　 It is the duty of the police to preserve public order.

维护公共秩序是警察的职责。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Although it has been buried underground for over 1，000 years，the ancient queen's body remains well preserved (preserve)．

②The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation(preserve)．

③Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.

社交活动通常防止老年人晚年孤独。

　ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的

(教材P23)　Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects，many of which took years to complete.

每一代人都认真地学习他们的手艺，并开展了宏大的项目，其中许多项目需要数年才能完成。

[例]　It is acknowledged that the result of our ambitious project will amaze the world.

大家公认我们这个雄心勃勃的项目定能创造出令世人惊叹的成果。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①It was too ambitious (ambition) a task for just one person.

②This single mother was ambitious for her son and made up her mind to make him a big fish out of a common boy.

③What bothered her was that she never achieved her ambition of becoming/to become a famous writer．

让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙愿。

　associate v．与……有关

(教材P23)　Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.

然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而不是与他们联系在一起。

[例]　You wouldn't normally associate these two novelists—their styles are completely different.

通常你不会把这两位小说家相提并论——他们两人的风格完全不同。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级

①I don't like you associating with such sensitive people.

②Man is a social animal.He finds his satisfaction in association with others.

③He was associated with the case of the lost antiques，so he was arrested.

→Associated with the case of the lost antiques，he was arrested.(用非谓语动词改写)

　comprise v．包括，由……构成

(教材P23)　The main body comprises paragraphs with supporting evidence and facts.

正文部分包括有支持证据和事实的段落。

[例]　Twelve departments comprise this university.

12个系组成了这所大学。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译

①A week consists of seven days.

②救援队由8名士兵和2名医生组成。

The rescue team is comprised of eight soldiers and two doctors.

＝The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.

＝The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and two doctors.

[名师点津]　consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be comprised of，且不用于进行时。

Sentence Pattern

　with复合结构

(教材P21)　With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.

从小怀表到一米多高的钟表，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。

句式分析：句中With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height为介词with的复合结构，在句中作状语。

[例]　He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.

他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①With a guide to show (show) us around the scenic spots，we're sure to have a good time.

②With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.

③ With John away (约翰离开了)，we've got more room.

④We live in a house with many flowers around it (周围有很多花)．

间接信息题

[即学即练]

Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours.However，they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.

Some legends hold that，thousands of years ago，there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this，of course.

Today，there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet，there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example，some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea，too.Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness and fear.

So what other types of universal languages might there be? Some people believe dance is a universal language.Along with music，dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it? We bet you could!

Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math! If you think about it now，though，it just makes sense.The value of π is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth，likewise，figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations，regardless of whether you're counting in dollars，pesos or coconuts.

1．Why is music regarded as a universal language?

A．It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.

B．It can be understood more easily than languages.

C．It usually comes from different backgrounds.

D．It helps people to share common feelings.

D　[根据第三段中的“Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness and fear.(专家们了解到，在不同的文化中，人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感：快乐、悲伤和恐惧)”可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故D选项正确。]

2．What are the universal languages according to the passage?

A．Math，English and music.

B．Music，dance and math.

C．History，culture and music.

D．Emotion，song and music.

B　[根据第三段中的“For example，some people believe music is a universal language.”及第四段中的“Some people believe dance is a universal language.”和第五段中的“Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math！”可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故B选项正确。]