2022届人教版英语中考一轮复习八年级上册Unit3（词汇+语法讲解）

这是一份2022届人教版英语中考一轮复习八年级上册Unit3（词汇+语法讲解），共16页。

【单词变形】
【单词变性】
lud 形容词变副词__________________
serius形容词变副词__________________
talented形容词变名词__________________
clearly副词变形容词__________________
quietly副词变形容词__________________
truly副词变形容词__________________
cmpetitin名词变动词__________________
care动词变形容词__________________
tuch动词变形容词__________________
win动词变名词__________________
【一词多义】
1. serius_________ ___________
Tm has a car accident. It is really serius.
I’m nt kidding. I’m serius.
2. thugh ____________ ___________
He is ill. He still studies in the schl, thugh.
Thugh he is ill, he still studies in the schl.
3. grade ____________ ______________ ______________
Mary is in Grade Tw in a primary schl nw.
In tday’s test, Mary gt an A grade.
In the game, when yu have mre diamnds, yu can grade up yur weapns.
4. hand ___________ ___________ _____________
Everyne has tw hands.
Culd yu hand it t the teacher, please?
We have t hand in ur hmewrk every mrning.
5. break ____________ ____________
It’s 12:00. Let’s take a break.
Wh brke the vase?
break 的短语:
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
极好的，了不起的
比赛，竞赛，竞争
工作努力的，辛勤的
现实，事实
响亮的，大声的
成绩等级，评分等级
必须的，必要的
手
爱交际的，友好的，外向的
内心，心脏
最初的，最早的
信息，消息
严肃的，稳重的
小孩，年轻人
相像的，类似的
笑声
有才能的，有才干的
镜子
(gd和well的比较级)较好的(地)，更好的(地)
分享，共享，共用，分摊
两个，两个都
哪一个，哪一些
清楚地，清晰地，明白地
(使)破，裂，碎，损坏
笑，发笑
在意，担忧，关心
喧闹地，大声地，响亮地
轻声地，轻柔地，安静地
不过，可是，然而
伸手，到达，抵达
真正，确实
谚语，格言，警句
虽然，尽管，不过
感动，触摸
应该，应当，可以
获胜，赢，赢得
手臂，上肢
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
share
lve
reach
tuch
win
break
care
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
cmpetitin
arm
heart
fact
kid
infrmatin
grade
laugh
saying
hand
mirrr
单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
fantastic
talented
hard-wrking
serius
lud
utging
necessary
clearly
ludly
break in_____________
break ut_____________
break up_____________
break ff_____________
break dwn_____________
【词汇用法】
1. win: vt./win the cmpetitin/win the game/win the prize
相关词辨析: win vs. beat vs. lse
win: vt./win the cmpetitin/win the prize
beat: vt./beat sb.
lse: v./lse the cmpetitn/lse the game/lse t sb.
2. thugh: cnj./adv./放在句首，句中，句末，虽然，但是
相关词辨析: althugh vs. vs. thugh vs. but vs. hwever
althugh: cnj./放在句首，虽然
thugh: adv./cnj./放在句首，句中，句末，虽然，但是
but: cnj./放在句中，但是
hwever: adv./放在句首，句中，句末，但是
【高频短语】
laugh at____________________
in fact____________________
be similar t sb.____________________
be talented in sth. ____________________
as a matter f fact____________________
grade up____________________
hand in____________________
hand ut____________________
heart attack____________________
heart prblems____________________
ask fr infrmatin____________________
share A with B____________________
take a break____________________
break up____________________
break dwn____________________
break ut____________________
break in____________________
break ff____________________
care abut____________________
take care f____________________
win the prize____________________
【攻占语法】
形容词副词(比较级)
一、形容词副词比较级的基本形式: __________________ _____________________
二、形容词副词比较级的变化规则:
三、形容词副词比较级的句型:
1. A+v. 比较级 than B
2. the ther/any ther 在比较级中
The city is clder than the ther cities in China.
The city is clder than any ther city in China.
3. that/thse/ne/the ne 在比较级中
The weather in Hangzhu is clder than that in Shanghai.
The bk n the shelf is mre than that/the ne n the flr.
The bks n the shelf are mre than thse/the nes n the flr.
4. the +比较级，the+比较级
5. 比较级 and 比较级
6. 否定词+比较级
四、形容词副词比较级的意义
两者之间进行比较: 前后对比/异物对比
五、形容词副词比较级的修饰词: ______________ _____________ _____________ ____________ ___________
六、形容词副词比较级的倍数表达:
A+v. +倍数 than B
一倍: _________________ 两倍: _________________ 三倍: __________________ 四倍: _____________
【词汇练习】
Mike hurt his right a______ the day befre yesterday, s he can't write nw.
She didn’t answer my letter. The f _________ is that she didn’t even read it.
Judy was nt s clever as Tm but she did b ________ than him in maths.
B ________ my sister and I think that Jay Chu is a truly talented singer.
Bill’s parents were angry because he b ________ the windws when he played ftball in the yard.
Helen can't see the blackbard c ________ at the back f the classrm.
In the English c________, yu are required t write an article accrding t the picture belw.
It is great that the best things in life, such as clean air and warm sunshine, are f _______.
If yu want t get gd g ________ in the cming year, yu shuld wrk hard frm nw n.
"Nw class, h ________ in yur papers," the teacher said when the class was nearly ver.
My favrite saying is, “A true friend reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur h ________.
If yu find sme imprtant i ________ n the internet, yu can dwnlad it.
Sally culdn’t help l ________ when she heard the gd news.
Just d it. We knw the famus saying, “Actins speak l ________ than wrds.”
My mther tld me a gd friend is like a m________, but I think friends are like bks.
It is n ________ but difficult fr English beginners t memrize new wrds.
Tina used t be shy, but nw she is ________.
Tw years ag, I was a p _________ schl student.
The baby was sleeping. In rder nt t wake her up, he q ________ walked ut f the rm.
When we r ________ the tp f the muntain, we saw a beautiful village belw.
D yu knw the English s ________ “N pains, n gains”.
Mr. Wang is nt as s_______ as we suppse. He likes telling jkes when he is in a gd md.
Taiwan is a part f China. We s ________ the same culture with each ther.
I’d like t find a friend wh is s ________ t me and we can have smething in cmmn.
Peter was brn t________ in music. He sings mst beautifully I have ever heard.
Everyne gt t schl n time fr the sprts meeting t ________ it rained hard.
What he said really t ________ my heart, I will always lve him t.
Mlly is my gd friend. We like t d the same things. She t ________ cares abut me
All f us are interested in the stries w ________ happened in his childhd.
Class One w ________ the basketball match last week. It made the whle class s excited.
【语法练习】
The ther day while my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria, I saw her walking arund. When she came _______________(clse) t us I culd see that she was crying.
Nw Chinese scientists are lking even _________________(far) int ur slar system and knwing mre abut the universe.
Yu will cmpare yurselves with yur classmates, and yu may think that yu are nt better than thse wh yu believe t be ________(smart), mre beautiful and mre ppular.
Can yu imagine living in a city fr ne day if yu are given nly 1 yuan? It seems much ________________(difficult). But students frm Xi’an did it.
Family life, schl learning and life experience can als make yu the persn yu are. This desn't mean it’s impssible t change yur persnality. Yu can always try t make yurself ______________(gd).
The first signs f it in teens are ________(pr) schl reprts than befre, then learning difficulties and saying away frm classmates and teachers.
They did a much ________(careful) experiment than any f the previus(先前的) nes.
Frm a yung age, I had a strng sense f my future, skating was ________________(imprtant) than anything else in the wrld. I spent 24 hurs a week develping my skills.
Anther reasn that I lve swimming is that it has _________________(many) styles than ther sprts such as running and walking.
We had made ur reservatin six mnths ________(early), but the man at the frnt desk said there had been a mistake.
Sme teens feel that they dn’t fit in at schl but can make friends a lt _______________(easy) nline.
As fr university curses, the number f girls cnsidering chsing STEM subjects has a ________________(big) increase than that f bys.
T better fit int the team, Wu is learning Spanish. He practices talking with his teammates every day. He has leaned enugh that he n ________(lng) needs an interpreter(口译员). His psitive attitude has helped him win the trust f his teammates.
The idea behind the prject is that althugh a lt f peple d small things lcally, they can have big influence natinally and an even ________________(big) influence glbally.
“During their travel, teenagers need smewhere t sit dwn because they are much ________(lazy) than adults.
Having the right tls will make the wrk much _______________(easy).
Maybe yu want t lse weight, exercise mre every week r earn _________________(high) grades.
A gd friend f the ld man spke: “will yu take $10 fr the painting? That’s all I have.” “will anyne g ______________(high)?” called the auctineer. After that he said: “ging nce…ging twice, sld!”
The air there is a lt ________(fresh) than that in the big cities. There is als a lwer cst f living, gd scenery, a slwer pace and mre green trees.
Dad and Mm are ________(great) than befre. Dad is due fr a prmtin(晋升) at wrk and may even have t travel t Lndn.
【参考答案】
lud 形容词变副词ludly
serius形容词变副词seriusly
talented形容词变名词talent
clearly副词变形容词clear
quietly副词变形容词quiet
truly副词变形容词true
cmpetitin名词变动词cmpete
care动词变形容词careful
tuch动词变形容词tuching
win动词变名词winner
1. serius 严重的 严肃的
Tm has a car accident. It is really serius.
I’m nt kidding. I’m serius.
2. thugh 但是 虽然
He is ill. He still studies in the schl, thugh.
Thugh he is ill, he still studies in the schl.
3. grade 年级 等级 升级
Mary is in Grade Tw in a primary schl nw.
In tday’s test, Mary gt an A grade.
In the game, when yu have mre diamnds, yu can grade up yur weapns.
4. hand 手 递给 上交
Everyne has tw hands.
Culd yu hand it t the teacher, please?
We have t hand in ur hmewrk every mrning.
5. break 休息 打破
It’s 12:00. Let’s take a break.
Wh brke the vase?
break 的短语:
规则变化
变化规则
例词
一般情况下
以e结尾
以y结尾
重读闭音节辅元辅结尾
多音节词
不规则变化
原级
比较级
好
坏
多
少
远
老/旧
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
极好的，了不起的
fantastic
adj.
比赛，竞赛，竞争
cmpetitin
n.
工作努力的，辛勤的
hard-wrking
adj.
现实，事实
fact
n.
响亮的，大声的
lud
adj.
成绩等级，评分等级
grade
n.
必须的，必要的
necessary
adj.
手
hand
n.
爱交际的，友好的，外向的
utging
adj.
内心，心脏
heart
n.
最初的，最早的
primary
adj.
信息，消息
infrmatin
n.
严肃的，稳重的
serius
adj.
小孩，年轻人
kid
n.
相像的，类似的
similar
adj.
笑声
laugh
n.
有才能的，有才干的
talented
adj.
镜子
mirrr
n.
(gd和well的比较级)较好的(地)，更好的(地)
better
adj.&adv.
分享，共享，共用，分摊
share
v.
两个，两个都
bth
adj.&prn.
哪一个，哪一些
which
prn.&adj.
清楚地，清晰地，明白地
clearly
adv.
(使)破，裂，碎，损坏
break
v.
笑，发笑
laugh
v.
在意，担忧，关心
care
v.
喧闹地，大声地，响亮地
ludly
adv.
轻声地，轻柔地，安静地
quietly
adv.
不过，可是，然而
thugh
adv.
伸手，到达，抵达
reach
v.
真正，确实
truly
adv.
谚语，格言，警句
saying
n.
虽然，尽管，不过
thugh
cnj.
感动，触摸
tuch
v.
应该，应当，可以
shuld
mdal v.
获胜，赢，赢得
win
v.
手臂，上肢
arm
n.
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
share
shares
shared
shared
sharing
lve
lves
lved
lved
lving
reach
reaches
reached
reached
reaching
tuch
tuches
tuched
tuched
tuching
win
wins
wn
wn
winning
break
breaks
brke
brken
breaking
care
cares
cared
cared
caring
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
cmpetitin
cmpetitins
arm
arms
heart
hearts
fact
facts
kid
kids
infrmatin
/
grade
grades
laugh
/
saying
sayings
hand
hands
mirrr
mirrrs
单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
fantastic
mre fantastic
mst fantastic
talented
mre talented
mst talented
hard-wrking
mre hard-wrkign
mst hard-wrking
serius
mre serius
mst serius
lud
luder
ludest
utging
mre utging
mst utging
necessary
mre necessary
mst necessary
clearly
mre clearly
mst clearly
ludly
mre ludly
mst ludly
break in插嘴，破门而入
break ut爆发
break up关系破裂
break ff中止，中断
break dwn抛锚
【高频短语】
laugh at嘲笑
in fact事实上，实际上
be similar t sb.与…相似
be talented in sth. 在某方面有天赋
as a matter f fact事实上，实际上
grade up升级
hand in上交
hand ut分发
heart attack心脏病
heart prblems心脏病
ask fr infrmatin询问信息
share A with B与B分享A
take a break休息
break up关系破裂
break dwn抛锚
break ut爆发
break in插话
break ff中止，中断
care abut关心，在乎
take care f照顾，照料
win the prize赢得奖品
一、形容词副词比较级的基本形式: adj./adv.+er mre+adj./adv
二、形容词副词比较级的变化规则:
五、形容词副词比较级的修饰词: much even far a little a lt
六、形容词副词比较级的倍数表达:
A+v. +倍数 than B
一倍: nce 两倍: twice 三倍: three times 四倍: fur times
【词汇练习】
Arm fact better Bth brke clearly cmpetitin free grades hand heart infrmatin laughing luder mirrr necessary utging primary quietly reached saying strict share similar talent thugh tuches truly which wn
【语法练习】
Clser farther smarter mre difficult better prer mre careful mre imprtant mre earlier easier bigger lnger bigger lazier easier higher higher fresher greater
规则变化
变化规则
例词
一般情况下
er
以e结尾
r
以y结尾
把y改成i+er
重读闭音节辅元辅结尾
双写末尾字母+er
多音节词
mre+
不规则变化
原级
比较级
好
gd/well
better
坏
bad/badly/ill
wrse
多
much/many
mre
少
little
less
远
far
farther/further
老/旧
ld
lder/elder