2020届北京门头沟区高三一模英语试卷及解析

这是一份2020届北京门头沟区高三一模英语试卷及解析，共15页。
门头沟区2020年高三年级综合练习
高 三 英 语 2020．3
考生须知
1．本试卷共12页，分为三部分，第一部分知识运用，30个小题，共45分；第二部分阅读理解，20小题，共40分；第三部分书面表达，2道小题，共35分。
2．请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。
3．试卷所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。请使用2B铅笔填涂，用黑色字迹签字笔或钢笔作答
4. 考试时间100分钟，试卷满分120分。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Basketball hero Kobe Bryant's death has drawn an outpouring of shock and sadness across China. Basketball fans in China are now sad after learning that the former Los Angeles Lakers' 18-time NBA All Star had died at the age of 41 in a helicopter crash 1 Sunday in California. Bryant was among nine people on board, 2 (include) his 13-year-old daughter Gianna, who all died in the disaster 3 occurred in the heavy fog.
B
The shadow puppet play Monkey King and Coronavirus(冠状病毒), 4 (create) by the Beijing Longzaitian Shadow Puppet Theater, 5 (broadcast) online since February 14 with nearly 5 million hits on the internet. In the show, the Monkey King hears about the novel coronavirus outbreak, so 6 (him)　goes to Wuhan, the capital city of Central China's Hubei province 7 (fight) the disease.
C
Located in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens and surrounded by historic pine woods. It has been one of the most significant 8 (place) for the whole country for more than five centuries. It 9 (serve) as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the 10 (large) one in Beijing among several royal sites.
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I'm Robin Woods. I'm always the first to make a good joke and 11 my work away at the end of the day. But somehow I'm 12 the first to be picked for teams and plays. I have always been the outcast, 13 and alone.
“This year our play will be the story of Robin Hood and his Merry Men,” our teacher, Miss Goody, 14 the whole class. “Who would like to be Robin Hood?” I 15 my hand up into the air. Of course everybody wanted the biggest and best part, especially bossy Bradley.
“ 16 for a part and I’ll test you on Monday and decide who will be best for each part,” said Miss Goody, handing out pages of the script. “… And of course we’ll need lots of trees to be the forest.”
“You’ll be a little baby bush…,” Bradley 17 me. “Or a teeny-tiny leaf.”
I 18 him and took a copy of the Robin Hood words and began my practicing on the way home.
On Monday I did some brilliant acting and I remembered all my 19 . I got the part. Bradley got the part of Little John. Becky was one of the ladies-in-waiting. Jordan was the minstrel(吟游艺人), who told the 20 in song with a little strum of the guitar every now and then.
We had three weeks to learn our parts. Becky offered to 21 with me. She played Little John's part and gave me 22 on fighting. Bradley, who still really wanted to be Robin Hood, often came over to watch. He seemed to be waiting for me to make mistakes. I felt 23 , with knocking knees and cold feet. But I was determined to be the best Robin Hood ever. I had got the part of a hero and a hero I shall be.
At home, Granddad came to help me. He could play the guitar and even made up a minstrel dance. He was really getting into the minstrel’s 24 , which cheered me up and made learning my part much easier and funny.
In the final dress rehearsal that afternoon, Bradley was really getting carried away in that fighting-to-get-across-the-river 25 . He was shouting louder and louder and pushing harder and harder until he lost his 26 and fell off the bridge. He had hurt his ankle! Worse still, Jordan had got a flu. Probably we had to 27 that night’s performance for it was just impossible to find two new actors who could learn the parts before 28 and, most importantly, could play the guitar. Girls wailed and sobbed. Boys sighed and shuffled their feet.
It was I that put forward a 29 ：Granddad could play the part of the minstrel, Becky did the part of Little John and Carly could have her part as lady-in-waiting. Miss Goody sighed with relief. Everybody burst into tears of joy.
The performance that night was a great success. I felt like a 30 .

11. A. tidy B. throw C. push D. drag
12. A. sometimes B. frequently C. always D. never
13. A. unattended B. unassisted C. unwanted D. unmoved
14. A. taught B. gathered C. dismissed D. lectured
15. A. seized B. trembled C. shot D. shook
16. A. Look out B. Try out C. Stand out D. Speak out
17. A. blamed B. threatened C. teased D. cheated
18. A. admired B. abused C. respected D. ignored
19. A. stories B. texts C. passages D. lines
20. A. tale B. truth C. result D. difference
21. A. dance B. sing C. perform D. practice
22. A. knives B. tips C. guns D. signals
23. A. nervous B. disappointed C. important D. honored
24. A. part B. team C. band D. house
25. A. accident B. incident C. scene D. event
26. A. sword B. stick C. position D. balance
27. A. cancel B. give C. improve D. evaluate
28. A. dawn B. dusk C. midday D. midnight
29. A. theory B. solution C. budget D. principle
30. A. director B. composer C. hero D. teacher

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

It is every kid’s worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it — twice. First he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom died unexpectedly in her sleep.
“I tried and I tried and I tried to get her awake — I couldn't,” said Jaden.
Jaden was understandably heartbroken.
But there was another side to his grief. A side he first made public a few weeks ago when he told his aunt, and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to fix it.
“And that was the beginning of it,” said Barbara. “That’s where the adventure began.”
Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little toys and bring him to downtown Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could give them away.
“I’m trying to make people smile,” said Jaden.
Jaden targeted people who weren’t already smiling and then turned their day around. He’d go out on four different occasions now and he was always successful. Even if sometimes he didn’t get exactly the reaction he was hoping for.
It was just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy — expecting nothing in return — except a smile.
“I’m counting on it to be 33, 000,” said Jaden. When asked if he thought he could make that goal, he answered, “I think I can.”

31. Why did Jaden give the toys to other people?
A. Because he wanted to fix the toys.
B. Because he wanted to see more people.
C. Because he wanted to give the toys away.
D. Because he wanted to make people happy.


32. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Jaden lived with his aunt.
B. Jaden targeted people who were not happy.
C. Jaden got nothing he wanted all the time.
D. Jaden was sick and tired of seeing everyone.
33. Which of the following words can best describe Jaden?
A. Helpful and impatient. B. Creative and tricky.
C. Optimistic and courageous. D. Ambitious and greedy.

B

Tesla’s lifestyle products tend to cash in on the brand appeal of the electric carmaker and its very publicly engaged chief manager Elon Musk, and the new Tesla Wireless Charger is no exception. It is not for the car, but for the cellphone.
The device, which is sold on Tesla’s website alongside hats and the company’s existing desktop and portable chargers, is a small, Apple-like device that costs $65. It has an integrated USB-C cable for when you want to plug it directly into your device, and a USB-A port for non-USB-C devices. You can get it in black or white, but it only comes with 6,000mAh of juice and 5W of output charging (The wired charging method gets you 7.5W).
For about half the price, you can get Anker’s 10,000mAh Power Core charger, which has 12W of output charging but no wireless charging capabilities. For $50, you can get an RAV Power 10,400mAh wireless charger with 10W of output.
Of course, nobody is really buying this for the functions. They’re buying it because it has a Tesla logo on it and it looks really nice, which is totally fair for $65 and the ease of use wireless charging allows. It’s not a bad purchase for a big Tesla fan.
34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Wired Charging Method B. A New Wireless Charger
C. A New Tesla Car D. A New Apple Device
35. If you spend $32.5, you can get ___________________.
A. a desktop
B. a Tesla wireless charger
C. an RAV Power wireless charger
D. an Anker’s 10,000mAh Power Core charger

36. A new wireless charger has _____________.
A. 12W of output charging B. 10W of output charging
C. 5W of output charging D. 7.5W of output charging
37. Where is the passage most probably from?
A. A literary essay. B. A science report.
C. A historical novel. D. A sale website.

C

New study shows rapid decline in insect populations. A growing number of the Earth's insect population now can be seen only in collections on exhibitions. Nobody's seen those for 400 years. A new review of over 70 studies of insect populations suggests that human pressures are causing insect populations to plummet by as much as a quarter every decade. The loss of species is inevitably concerning because often we don’t know what those species are doing or we don’t know what other species are depending on them.
Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living creatures. They are incredibly diverse, and in many ways make life on Earth possible. But when we decrease the number of species, we're destroying ecosystem function. Why does that matter? It is because that it's ecosystems that support humans. But those life-support systems that keep us alive, even if we live in a city, are produced by healthy ecosystems. And none of these ecosystems will run well without insects. Bees and butterflies pollinate(授粉) our food, flowers and trees. They feed all kinds of larger animals, including humans. A large number of crops we eat and rely on are pollinated by insects, so we can’t imagine a world where that pollination process is not taking place.
And there are some cases already around the world where we are having to pollinate by hand, at huge cost, a huge economic cost, simply because the insects aren’t there to do the work that we would normally ask them to do for free. And in some cases, if you’re talking about food crops, just try to imagine the scale of what the world would look like if insects weren't doing that for us. One big warning, all of the studies come from industrialized countries in Europe and North America. In some areas, the decline is even more rapid. According to one recent study, the number of ground insects in Puerto Rico has fallen by 98% over the last 35 years. A growing body of research shows that insects are declining about twice as fast as vertebrates.
The researchers predict that all insect species could be gone in a century in these industrialized countries.

38. What does the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Reduce. B. Increase. C. Disappear. D. Raise.
39. We can learn from Paragraph 2 and 3 that ______________.
A. we can make a big profit by pollinating by hand
B. insects have no impact on industrial development
C. pollinating by hand can replace pollinating by insects
D. insects account for the largest composition in the entire animal kingdom
40. What’s the author’s attitude towards the phenomenon mentioned in the news?
A. Unclear. B. Concerned. C. Suspicious. D. Critical.
41. The author helps readers better understand his idea mainly by __________.
A. using research results B. making comparisons
C. giving some examples D. telling personal stories

D
When I re-entered the full-time work after a decade of running my own business, there was a top thing I was looking forward to: to make friends with the colleagues once again. As a matter of fact, it wasn't until I entered the company that I realized making friends with colleagues wasn’t the first at all. It is developing interpersonal relationships at work that is vital, which can not only help overcome a range of problems at work but also promote productivity and the quality of work output.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches and chatting with friends were the memory of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. However, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely satisfying without needing to be the best workmates with the people sitting next to you.
In an academic analysis just published in the very influential Journal of Management, researchers have developed the idea of "indifferent relationships", which is a simple term that summarizes the fact that relationships at work can be less close, unimportant and even replaceable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted so far shows they're especially obvious among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over disharmony. Indifference is also the preferred choice among those who are socially lazy and regard maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort.
As mentioned above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful way in solving problems at work. Even so, there are proven benefits on indifferent relationship. One of them is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and producing. Another is self-respect. As human beings, we tend to compare ourselves to each other. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more than friends. In the process their strengths can raise the sense of self-worth. The third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to improve critical thinking, enhance people’s attention to task solving, and make it easier to gain valuable information.
None of those benefits might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway.

42. What did the author realize when he re-entered the company?
A. Building interpersonal relationships was important.
B. Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected.
C. Developing positive interpersonal relationships helped him find his place.
D. Working in companies requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.
43. Which one belongs to indifferent relationships at work according to the passage？
A. Being in conflict with workmates in the office.
B. Spending less time chatting and socializing in the office.
C. Having deep and meaningful conversations with colleagues.
D. Being the best mates with the people sitting next to you in the office.
44. What can be one of the benefits of the indifferent relationships?
A. They provide fun at work.
B. They improve work efficiency.
C. They help control emotions at work.
D. They help solve problems during work time.
45. What’s the author’s attitude towards indifferent relationships?
A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Approving. D. Indifferent.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to Them

Anyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 46
The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.
That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.
“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”
Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”
50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”
Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.
A. Find your auto habits.
B. It takes time and insistence.
C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.
D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.
E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.
F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.
G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.

第三部分 书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节 （15分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国好友Jim得知美国也发生新冠肺炎，很紧张，发来邮件向你询问应对方法，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 安慰他不要紧张。
2. 建议应对方法。
3. 表达战胜病毒的信心。

注意：1．词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：新冠肺炎：COVID-9

Dear Jim,







Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）




第二节 （20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。由于延期开学，你们学校组织了网上授课。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你上网课的过程。

注意：词数不少于60。









（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）




门头沟区2020年高三年级综合练习
英语答案及评分参考 2020.3

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. on 2. including 3. that/which 4. created
5. has been broadcast 6. he 7. to fight 8.places 9.served 10.largest
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．D 20．A
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．C
26．D 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．C
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
31．D 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D
36．C 37．D 38．A 39．D 40．B
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
46．B 47．F 48．C 49． E 50．A
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）
一、评分原则：
1.本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3.评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。
4.拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写
及词汇用法均可接受。
5.词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。

二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档
（13分~15分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
·内容完整，条理清楚；
·交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现了
较强的语言运用能力；
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档
（9分~12分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；
·所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；
·语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档
（4分~8分）
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
·内容不完整；
·所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写
内容的理解。
未能清楚地传达信息。
第四档
（1分~3分）
未完成试题规定的任务。
·写了少量相关信息；
·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的
理解。
0分
未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。

三、One possible version:
Dear Jim,
How are things going? I am very glad to receive your e-mail. Knowing you are worried about COVID-19 in America, I am writing to tell you not to panic because it can be controlled.
At this special time, you should not go out often. If you go out, you must wear masks. In addition, you should keep good healthy habits.
Don’t be too worried about the disease. I believe, with the joint efforts all over the world, we will finally defeat it.

Yours,
Li Hua

第二节（20分）
一、评分原则：
1．本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡 量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5．词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。

二、内容要点：
1．收通知 2．上网课 3．写作业 4．交作业

三、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档
(18分~20分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
·覆盖了所有内容要点；
·运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；
·语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较强的语言运用能力；
·有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档
(15分~17分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
·覆盖了所有内容要点；
·运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；
·语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；
·使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档
(12分~14分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
·覆盖了内容要点；
·运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；
·语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档
(6分~11分)
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
·漏掉或未描述清楚主要内容；
·所用句式和词汇有限；
·语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。
未能清楚地传达信息。
第五档
(1分~5分)
未完成试题规定的任务。
·明显遗漏主要内容；
·句式单调、词汇贫乏；
·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。
0分
未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。

四、One possible version:
Last week, school delayed because of fighting with COVID-19, we were asked to learn online, which proved to be a meaningful and memorable experience.
Last Monday, our teacher informed us of the news that we would delay school and learn online. Hearing that, I determined to learn hard on my own. Although it was a challenging task, we regarded it as a precious opportunity to be more independent.
The next morning, hardly had I turned on the computer when our teacher began the broadcast. So clearly did he explain the lesson that I nearly felt we were in class as usual, in which we discussed and gave presentations.
Tired as I was after fixing my eyes on the screen for nearly 6 hours, I set down to do my homework. When I had questions, I asked my teachers for help and received timely help.
Having finished all the homework, I took pictures and uploaded them to the internet, hoping to receive the comments as soon as possible. After some time, I got the message from my teacher, who praised me for my excellent performance and gave detailed guidance.
Despite the difficulties we faced when we were having the classes online, I felt it valuable to do like this to fight with the disease with the people all over the country, even all over the world. Only by working together could we not only acquire the knowledge we should master but also defeat the disease.