牛津译林版八年级下册英语 Unit5教学案

这是一份牛津译林版八年级下册英语 Unit5教学案，共9页。
八年级（下学期） Unit5 Good manners 学案（一）知识点1：What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny? (P66)简妮，问候那里的人合适的方法是什么？(1)动词不定式to greet people there 作后置定语，修饰the proper way。如：I have a lot of homework to do.(2)the way to do sth. /of doing sth.做某事的方式或方法，如：It’s the best way of studying / to study English. There are different ways to do / of doing it. 【知识拓展】in a way在一定程度上，从某方面说on the way在路上 by the way顺便说，顺便问in the way有时也可说成in sb's way挡路，碍事(3)greet sb欢迎某人greet sb. with sth.用…问候某人greetings名词，问候知识点2：British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.(P66)英国人在他们第一次遇见你时说“你好”或“很高兴认识你”并和你握手。(1)shake 过去式shook；过去分词shaken；现在分词shaking常用短语：shake one’s hands握某人的手；shake hands with sb.与某人握手wave one’s hands挥某人的手；wave to sb.向某人挥手(2) hand vt.常用短语：hand in 上交，交上去(给老师或上级) hand out 散发，分发 hand sb sth / hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人知识点3：British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.(P66) 英国人只用亲吻来问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。(1)greet(vt.)问候，打招呼=say hello to sbe.g.:He greeted his teacher by saying “Good morning!”(2)close①vt/vi.关闭;盖上;合上，反义词为open。如：She closed the door softly. ②adj.近的,接近的(+to) 。 如：His house is close to the factory. (关系)密切的,亲密的。如：She is a close friend of theirs. ③adv. 接近,靠近地(+to)。如：They live close to the museum. 紧密地,紧紧地。 如：Anna followed close behind. 批注（选讲）：closed adj. 关闭的，反义词为open。如：He likes sleeping with the window closed.知识点4：But please avoid subjects like age, weight, music, books or something else. (P66) 但是请避免像年龄、体重、音乐、书籍或是其他的话题。avoid vt.后接名词或动名词做宾语，意为避免做某事。如：We should do everything carefully to avoid making mistakes.知识点5：Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they’ll say “sorry”.(P67)同样，如果他们在街上装上某人，他们会说“对不起”。bump into 撞上，碰上【知识拓展】fall into落入，陷入 run into撞上，碰上break into破门而入，非法进入 turn…into把…变成…知识点6：They’ll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. (P67)他们将会说“打扰”并很礼貌地等你直到你移动为止。在肯定句中，till一般可以与until互换，但在否定句中一般用until，构成not…until…的结构，意为“直到…才…”如：She will wait here till/until 10.Tom didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.注意：主句为一般将来时，till/until引导的从句用一般现在时代替将来时。如：The bus will not go till/until all the people get on it.批注（选讲）：until用于肯定句作“直到……为止”解时，主句的动词一般是延续到till/until所表示的时间为止。如：He waits till/until the children are asleep.用于否定句作“在……以前”、“直到才”解时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。如：He didn't come until late in the morning.知识点7：She did not join the discussion.(P71)她没有加入讨论。discussion n.讨论 动词形式 discuss 常用短语：discuss with sb. 与某人讨论；discuss about sth. 讨论某事。如：I’ll discuss with you about the following topic.知识点8：Help explain things and give us useful information. (P72)帮助解释事情并给我们有用的信息。explain vt./vi. 及物动词的用法为 explain to sb. sth. 或 explain sth. to sb. 即不能直接跟双宾语，在表人的间接宾语前，后需加介词 to。如：He explained to me the difficult maths problem.= He explained the difficult maths problem to me.批注：explain, introduce和borrow用法一样，只能用介词引出“间接宾语”：explain sth. to sb；introduce A to B； borrow sth. from sb.如果这个sth.较长（比如带个定语或本身就是一个名词性从句），为了句子的平衡，可将其后置成为：explain to sb. sth. (+定语），或explain to sb. that-从句。 不要将其和普通的双宾动词如give等混淆。give有两种说法: give sth. to sb. =give sb. sth.知识点9：warn us against something (P72)提醒我们地方某些可能发生的事情warn vt. 警告，提醒第三人称单数：warns 过去分词：warned 现在分词：warning 过去式：warnedwarn用法如下：①warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事。如：He warned us not to stay up late.(not stay)②warn sb. that+从句They called and warned me that they might be late.③warn sb. of/about sth.提醒、警告某人注意某事。如：He warned me the danger of the car accident.（他提醒我交通事故的危险）④warn sb against doing sth警告某人不要做某事。如：The doctor warned him against smoking.(不要吸烟)warning n.警告，提醒。如：To give a warning, he waved his hands quickly. 知识点10：Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life. (P74)每个人都将会在他们的一生中走运或是成功。(1)successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 success n. 成功。succeed vi.成功；如：His success makes me want to be successful in the near future.We all want to succeed. :常用短语：be successful at sth. =do sth. successfully= succeed in sth./ doing sth.(2)sometime adv.在某时sometimes/ some times/ sometime/ some time辨析如：Tom goes to school on foot, but sometimes by bike.Our school is some times larger than theirs. Mary will be back sometime in October. I’ll stay here for some time. 知识点11：Risk losing everything all at one time.(P74)曾经冒险做失去一切的风险。risk vt.冒…的危险; 使…冒风险（或面临危险）; 第三人称单数：risks 过去分词：risked 现在分词：risking 过去式：risked常用短语：risk sth /doing sth 冒…什么危险/冒险做某事。如：He risked walking alone in the dark.(walk)risk n.危险，冒险; 常用短语：at risk 在危险中 at the risk of 冒...之险; 不顾...之风险 run/take the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事。如：We’d better not run the risk of catching a cold by walking without an umbrella in the rain. 知识点12: a friend in need is a friend indeed(P75) 患难见真情need n.in need需要 in need of 需要….in great need 急需 in great need of... 急需...如：I’m in great need of rest.v.一)作情态动词 ①need作情态动词无人称或数的变化， 后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：You needn't worry. ②由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用needn't. 如： —Need I answer the question? —Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to. /No, you needn't. ③由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。如： —Must I do the work now? —Yes, you must /have to. /No, you needn't /don't have to. 二）作行为动词 need 作为行为动词有人称和数的变化， 后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中，如：She needs help.I don't need to see the doctor.—Do you need to go at once? —Yes, I do. /—No, I don't.知识点13：Just as the saying goes. (P75)正如谚语所说。(1) as用法小结 1）作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“像；按照”。 如： You must do everything as I asked you to.2）作介词，表示“作为； 当作”。如： As a party member, I must be strict with myself．  3）作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“当……的时候”。 如： She sings as she walks．  4）用于一些固定搭配。如： ① as ．．． as．．． 与……相同的程度； 与……等同 The dress is twice as expensive as that．  ②as well as 同（一样也）；和；还 。如： On Sunday, his landlady provided dinner as well as breakfast． ③ such．．．as 像……这样的；such as 例如。如：Such simple actions as eating drinking become difficult． I bought a lot of fruits, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on． （2）saying谚语常见的谚语有：Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。No pains, no gains.不劳无获。Burn the candles at both ends.操劳过度。The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。It rains cats and dogs. 大雨磅礴。Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。Every dog has its day.人人都有得意日。Put all your eggs in one basket.孤注一掷。The grass is always greener than the other side.这山看着那山高。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。East or west, home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。It's never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。知识点14：These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. (P77) 这些规矩很重要，因为我们应该确保客人和主人在桌子旁都很舒服。【make sure用法】make sure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。Make sure   that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。Make sure   of   代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。如：— Make sure of his coming before you set off. — I make sure (that) he would come. 【be sure的用法】对be sure的用法常感困惑不解，现将其主要用法归纳如下。1．be sure＋of／about 动名词或名词，意为“确信……”；“对……有把握”。但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；而be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。例如：He is sure of success． 若后面要接反身代词，则只能用be sure of，即be sure of oneself，意为“有自信心”。例如：Joan will sit for an important examination next week，but she is not sure of herself． 2．be sure 不定式，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。如：It is sure to rain． He is sure to have known about that．但be sure to do用在祈使句中，不是表示判断，而是表示对对方的要求，意为“务必要”，“一定要”。如：Be sure not to forget it！ Be sure not to do that again．3．be sure 宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定会……”。如：I'm not sure whether I've met him before一．单项选择( ) 1. This skirt is____long____wear. I want to change a shorter one. A so; to B too; to C so; that D such; that( ) 2. You must be very tired. Why not____a rest? A to stop to have B to stop having C stop to have D stop having( ) 3.----- Would you like to go to the zoo with me tomorrow? -------If it________, I__________. A doesn’t rain; go B won’t rain; will go C don’t rain; go D doesn’t rain; ( ) 4. Daniel is_______to help his friends at all times. A kind enough B enough kind C too kind D very kind( ) 5.-------Would you please not speak so loudly in______public? --------Sorry. I will remember to speak in_____lower voice. A the; a B /; a C the; the D /; /( )6. The boy pushed me away as I was_______ his way. A on B in C by D at( ) 7. Linda was un happy because Liz________her conversation with Dad. A push in B cut in C bump into D drop in( ) 8. Jack is ______funny_______make us happy after class. A so; that B too; to C / ; enough to D enough; to( )9. The fans were so excited that they _______ their hands . A. could’t stop clapping B. couldn’t stop to clap C. can’t stop clapping D. can’t stop to clap( )10.------Boy, didn’t you see people were waiting in line? Don’t______in! ------I’m sorry, sir A push B pull C put D carry( )11.------Mum, can you give me some advice on how to behave myself at the table? ------Well, I do have some advice.______, please keep quiet while eating. A in all B of all C At all D Above all ( )12.Can you tell me how ________ the problem ? A. did solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved( )13.I have spent______ on this job. I think I can finish it______this afternoon. A sometime; sometime B sometimes; some time C some time; sometime D some times; sometime ( )14.------Mrs Green. Do you think I can get an “A” in the final exam if I start working hard now? -------Of course!__________ A Better late than never B Many hands make light work C You cannot burn the candle at both sides D Action speak louder than words( )15.-----Jane got an “A” in the maths test. -----_______. She works the hardest in our class. A Many hands make light work B It never rains but it pours C Don’t put all your eggs in one basket D No pain, no gain二、完形填空We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually 1 some things.Electricity is one thing that we waste ___2_. Lights, TVs, 3 and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It 4 less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity save money, because we do not have to 5 the electricity we do not use.The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious(宝贵的)， 6 it shouldn’t be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap*. I am sure 7 can do this easily if he wants to. 8 big waste is food. My mother 9 cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much 10 . She thought I was right and now cooks __11_ what we can eat.It is not 12 to be wasteful. I find there is a simple 13 of not wasting things. That is to use only what we 14 . Do not touch what we do not need. 15 this way we can stop being wasteful.( )1. A. use B. wash C. waste D. forget . ( )2. A. little B. most C. few D. least( )3. A. radios B. apples C. bikes D. doors( )4. A. brings B. costs C. keeps D. takes ( )5. A. afford B. save C. pay for D. care for ( )6. A. though B. because C. so D. but ( )7. A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing( )8. A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other ( )9. A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to ( )10. A. electricity B. water C. food D. money ( )11. A. mainly B. only C. mostly D. specially ( )12. A. right B. fine C. bad D. necessary ( )13. A. way B. thing C. plan D. project ( )14. A. buy B. need C. bring D. get ( )15. A. On B. In C. For D. At 三、用所给词的正确形式或根据中文填空。1. We must_______ traffic rules. (遵守)2. You can easily fake up an excuse to______ (避免) going out with him.3. We made a __________( decide ) at yesterday’s meeting.4. We Chinese often greet each other by_________( shake ) hand.5. Don’t leave the tap_______(流动) while brushing your teeth6. The girl couldn’t___________( 表达) herself clearly because of shyness.7. I hope your fashion party will be_________(success)8. He was patient enough to spend a long time________( explain ) the things to us.9. Look at the sign. It says “ No_________(乱丢垃圾)”.10. As everyone knows,__________(练习) makes perfect.四.首字母填空Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their h 72 was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the assignment(任务), but the professor would not answer their questions. He e 73 his students to find it out for themselves. One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to s 74 their stories. One student told of distributing blankets to the homeless, another had contacted a long, lost friend, and another student r 75 that he had helped a dog to find its owner. Students were energized(激励) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. W 76 the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something k 77 for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind –not surprising as Professor Wall is blind. Since then, s 78 kindness activities have been organized in schools all over the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, a 79 November 13, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform d 80 kind acts, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to c 81 other people and think about how small actions can make the world a better place.参考答案：二．选择题21-25 BCDAB 26-30 BBCAA 31-35 DBCAD 三 完形填空36-40. CBADC 41-45. CCCBC 46-50. BAABB五．词汇66. obey 67 avoid 68．decission 69． shaking 70．running 71express 72 successful 73.explaining 74.littering 75．Practice答案：72.homework 73.encouraged 74.share 75.reported 76.With 77.kind 78.similar 79.around 80.different 81.consider基本含义记忆口诀sometimes 有时sometimes/some times：相聚是“有时”；分开是“几次”some times 几次；几倍sometime 在某时sometime/some time：相聚是“某时”；分开是“一段”some time 一段时间