河北省2022年中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（一）（word版含答案）

这是一份河北省2022年中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（一）（word版含答案），共10页。
Lk at the panda! It lks like an astrnaut. It wears an ice shell and lks fat, s we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the clur f ice and snw. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sprts very much and is gd at them. That’s why it is the masct f 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
D yu think the red masct lks like a lantern? The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhn Rhn”. When the Chinese New Year cmes, peple always make r buy red lanterns. Red is the clur f hpe and gd luck, s peple think their dreams will cme true in the new year. “Shuey Rhn Rhn”can give players hpe and help them d well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
Many peple in different cuntries like the tw mascts very much, and they shw their lve fr them n the Internet.
1．What des the underlined wrd “masct” mean in the passage?_______.
A．A sng f the Olympic Games.
B．A sprt f the Olympic Games.
C．A symbl f the Olympic Games.
D．A sign f the Olympic Games.
2．________ is the masct f 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A． “Fuwa” dllsB．Bing Dwen Dwen
C．An astrnautD．Shuey Rhn Rhn
3．Why d peple make r buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year cmes?_______.
A．Because it is easy t make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhn Rhn” is a masct.
C．Because peple think red lanterns are very lvely.
D．Because peple think red lanterns can bring gd luck.
4．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?_______.
A． “Bing Dwen Dwen” can skate very well.
B． “Shuey Rhn Rhn” likes ice sprts and is gd at them.
C．The tw lvely mascts first shwed n TV n September 16.
D．Everybdy likes the tw mascts and shws his lve n the Internet.
5．What’s the best title f the passage?_______.
A．The sprts in Olympic Games.
B．Tw Olympic mascts cme t life.
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
B
Taiwan lies ff the east cast f Fujian Prvince. It’s an island surrunded by the Pacific Ocean t the east, and the East China Sea t the nrth.
Taiwan is the largest island in ur cuntry. The island, which is abut 3,6000 square kilmeters, has a ppulatin f ver tw hundred millin. There are lts f resurces in Taiwan. The weather there is warm and wet. S many plants grw very well. Its prducts like banana, rice and tea are well-knwn all ver the wrld. Taiwan als has many beautiful places, such as Sun Mn Lake, Ali Muntain and the highest 101 mansin in the wrld, and s n. And, lts f peple visit there. Taiwan is a rich place. It has a gd envirnment and mild climate. Thusands f peple like t cme here fr traveling.
Its prvincial capital city is Taipei. The ther imprtant and big cities are Gaxing and Jilng.
Taiwan is part f China. Mst f peple settling there cme frm Fujian and Guangdng. Taiwan is a rich and beautiful island.China is getting strnger and strnger. All the peple hpe Taiwan can cme back quickly. I’m sure Taiwan will return sn.
1.Taiwan is in the________f Fujian Prvince.
A. west B. east C. nrth D. suth
2.What is the ppulatin f Taiwan？________.
A. ver 2000000000 B. ver 20000000000
C. ver 200000000 D. ver 20000000
3.Its prducts are well-knwn all ver the wrld except________.
A. banana B. peach C. rice D. tea
4.Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?________.
A. Many peple settling there cme frm Fujian and Guangdng.
B. Taipei is its prvincial capital city.
C. There are few resurces in Taiwan.
D. Lts f peple like t cme Taiwan fr traveling.
C
The envirnment is everything arund us, fr example: air, water，animals，plants，buildings and s n. They all affect us in many ways and are clsely related t ur lives. Peple can＇t live withut the envirnment. Everybdy needs t breathe air, drink water and eat fd every day. We burn cal t keep warm and we use wd t make paper. As a result，we have plluted the envirnment.
The envirnment has been getting wrse and wrse fr many years. As yu knw, there's n enugh clean water fr peple. S many f them lse their lives because f water . In a lt f cuntries, peple have t cut trees fr living. S there's nthing t keep water frm running away. Als we have plluted the land, the river and the air. S we have t face mre and mre flds and drughts.
It's time that we must d smething useful t prtect ur envirnment. We must plant mre trees and save the water because green muntains and clear water are equal t muntains f gld and silver. We can't thrw any litter nt the grund and we shuld cllect them fr recycling.We must maintain a gd eclgical envirnment. If we take gd care f ur earth tday, it will be mre beautiful tmrrw.
1. The envirnment is ________ arund us.
A. air and water B. animals and plants
C. buildings D. all the things
2. “The envirnment has been getting wrse and wrse fr many years.” The sentence means that________.
A. Envirnmental prblems are becming mre and mre serius fr many years.
B. We have begun t try ur best t imprve the envirnment.
C. Many f peple lse their lives.
D. We have t face mre and mre flds and drughts.
3. T prtect the envirnment, ________.
A. We burn cal t keep warm and we use wd t make paper.
B. We must plant mre trees and save the water.
C. We must thrw any litter nt the grund.
D. peple have t cut trees fr living.
4. Accrding t the passage , we knw that ________.
A. Peple can live withut the envirnment.
B. There's nthing t keep water frm running away.
C. We must maintain a gd eclgical envirnment.
D. Green muntains and clear water are equal t muntains f gld and silver.
D
The first lessn f the “Tiangng class”began at 15:40 n December 9 f 2021, eight years after Chinese astrnauts began teaching in space. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the “Space teachers”, perfrmed five experiments n the Chinese space statin in just 60 minutes t give teenagers arund the wrld a “High-end” educatin, there were cell experiments in micrgravity, human mtin experiments, buyancy lss experiments, water membrane tensin experiments and effervescent tablet experiments. The astrnauts explained the scientific principles behind the experiments in detail t the yungsters.
It is understd that the space teaching a ttal f five classes set up n the grund, the Chinese Science and Technlgy Museum is the main classrm, Guangxi Nanning, Sichuan Wenchuan Cunty, Hng Kng, Macau set up fur sub-classes.
This is the secnd time ur cuntry has cnducted a space class, after the US in 2007 and Wang Yaping in 2013. Therefre, it can be said that this space teaching, s that ur cuntry became the wrld’s nly first tw space teaching cuntry. In fact, “Space teaching”is nt nly t develp yung peple’s interest in space, science and space envirnment, but als t shw the internatinal cmmunity ur first-class scientific and technlgical capabilities and Cmprehensive Natinal Pwer.
1. When did the first lessn f the “Tiangng class”begin?_______.
A. in 2007 B. in 2013 C. in 2021 D. befre 8 years
2. Hw many experiments did the Chinese space teachers perfrm n the Chinese space statin?_______.
A. ne B. tw C. five D. nine
3. Wh has taught space classes twice?_______.
A. Wang Yaping B. Zhai Zhigang C. Ye Guangfu D. Yang Liwei
4. Which is the main classrm n the grund?_______.
A. Wenchuan B. Hng Kng
C. Macau D. The Chinese Science and Technlgy Museum
E
The endangered(濒危的) pandas in Qinling Muntains might face a new threat(威胁): the lss f their fd, bamb, which makes up 99% f their meals.
Adult pandas spend mst part f the day eating bamb and have t take in at least 40 punds a day t stay healthy. Hwever, a new study published in Nature and Climate Change warned that they may sn find their fd gne because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear by the end f the century as a result f rising temperature wrldwide(世界范围的).
A team made up f researchers frm Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy f Sciences has studied the effects f climate change n the bamb in Qinling Muntains. They have fund that bamb is very sensitive(敏感的) t climate changes. “80% t 100% f the bamb wuld be gne if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees all ver the wrld by the end f the century.” said Liu Jiangu, ne f the reprt’s authrs.
He added, “This is hw much the temperature wuld rise by 2100 even if all cuntries will keep their prmises in the Paris Agreement. But yu knw what is happening arund the wrld.”
In recent years, China has been trying its best t prtect the endangered pandas by setting up mre and bigger natural reserves.
“But it is far frm being enugh and the endangered pandas need cperatin(合作) frm the rest f the wrld, because their future is nt just in the hands f the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin frm Wrld Wildlife Fund but nt a member f the team.
The Qinling Muntains, in the suthwest f China, are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin. In additin, abut 375 are living in research centers and zs in China.
1,2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题将文中划线句子译成汉语；5题找出并写下本文的主旨句。
1.Adult pandas have t take in at least 40 punds f bamb a day t _______.
2. If the average temperature increases _______ all ver the wrld by the end f the century,80% t 100% f the bamb wuld be gne.
3.Hw many wild pandas are there in China?
___________________________________________________.
4.___________________________________________________。
5.___________________________________________________.
答案与解析
A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。
【解答】
1．C.词义猜测题。根据文中第一段“ Yu may knw the five “Fuwa” dlls frm the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17 f this year, the tw lvely mascts first shwed n TV.”可知你可能知道2008北京奥运会的五个福娃。2019年9月17日，这两个可爱的吉祥物首次在电视上亮相。表明他们是奥运会的象征，根据后文描述这两个吉祥物的象征意义。故选C。
2．B.细节理解题。根据文中第二段“ “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sprts very much and is gd at them. That’s why it is the masct f 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.”可知冰墩墩是2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物。故选B。
3．D.细节理解题。根据文中第三段“Wen the Chinese New Year cmes, peple always make r buy red lanterns. Red is the clur f hpe and gd luck, s peple think their dreams will cme true in the new year.”可知人们在中国新年到来时制作或购买红灯笼。因红色是希望和好运的颜色，所以人们认为他们的梦想将会在新的一年实现。可见人们是认为红灯笼能带来好运。故选D。
4．A.细节理解题。根据文中第二段““Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sprts very much and is gd at them.”可知Bing Dwen Dwen十分喜欢冰上运动，而且擅长冰上运动，可知冰墩墩很会滑冰，故选项A正确，故选A。
5．B.主旨大意题。本文讲述了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。根据本文主要内容可知本文最佳标题是“两个奥运吉祥物惟妙惟肖”；故选B。
【点评】2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会取得圆满成功，这是我国乃至全世界2022年开年的一个重大事件，是热点之一。做题时从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，与题目有机的结合，进行选择或推理判断，选出正确选项。
B
【分析】文章主要介绍我国台湾的基本情况。它位于福建省东海岸。这是一个东面被太平洋环绕，北面是东海的岛屿。台湾是我国最大的岛屿。该岛面积约36000平方公里，人口超过2亿。台湾有很多资源。那里的天气温暖潮湿。很多植物都长得很好。其产品如香蕉、大米、茶叶等闻名于世。台湾还有许多美丽的地方，如日月潭，阿里山和世界上最高的101大厦等。还有很多人去那里参观。台湾是个富裕的地方。这里环境优越，气候温和。成千上万的人喜欢来这里旅游。省会城市是台北。其他重要的大城市是高雄和基隆。台湾是中国的一部分。定居在那里的人大多来自福建和广东。台湾是个富饶美丽的岛屿。
【解答】
1．B. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段：Taiwan lies ff the east cast f Fujian Prvince.可知：台湾位于我国福建省的东海岸,故选B。
2．A. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段：Taiwan is the largest island in ur cuntry. The island, which is abut 3,6000 square kilmeters, has a ppulatin f ver tw hundred millin．台湾是我国最大的岛屿。该岛面积约36000平方公里，人口超过2亿,故选A。
3．B. 理论推断题。根据文章第二段：Its prducts like banana, rice and tea are well-knwn all ver the wrld.可知其产品如香蕉、大米、茶叶等闻名于世，没有提到桃子这种水果,故选B。
4． C. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段和第三段来看，There are lts f resurces in Taiwan. Mst f peple settling there cme frm Fujian and Guangdng. Its prvincial capital city is Taipei. Thusands f peple like t cme here fr traveling. 台湾有很多资源。定居在那里的人大多来自福建和广东。省会城市是台北。成千上万的人喜欢来这里旅游,故选C。
【点评】快速阅读全文，掌握文章大意，并认真阅读题目，把握好相应的文章细节，做出正确解答。
C
【分析】这篇文章是关于环境和环境保护的话题，当前世界的环境受到了越来越严重的破坏，人们愈发认识到环境保护的重要性，我们必须保持一个良好的生态环境。
【解答】
1.D.词义转换题。根据文中第一句话“The envirnment is everything arund us.”环境就是我们身边的一切。这里的everything用英语替换就是all the things,故选D。
2.A.同义句转换题。文中句子“The envirnment has been getting wrse and wrse fr many years.”意思是：多年来环境变得越来越糟。选项A. “Envirnmental prblems are becming mre and mre serius fr many years.”意思是：环境问题变得越来越严重。故选A。
3.B.推理判断题。为了保护环境，我们必须多植树，节约水资源，而燃煤、乱扔垃圾、砍伐树木都是破坏环境的表现，故选B。
4.C.主旨大意题。整篇文章通过叙述环境问题，在于引发人们对环境保护的重视，所以我们必须保持良好的生态环境，故选C。
【点评】环境保护问题是当今世界最重要的问题之一，也是中考的考点，同学们在快速阅读的同时，根据各小题的题意，作出判断，选出正确答案。
D
【分析】这是一篇科普文章，讲述了中国宇航员在中国空间站给全世界的青少年上天宫课的情况，课堂展示了五个实验，在地面设立了五个教室。王亚平在太空成功的完成了两次授课，分别是2013年和2021年。通过这篇文章，不仅培养了青少年对太空、科学、太空环境的兴趣，同时，也向国际社会展示了我们一流的科技实力和综合国力。
【解答】
1.C.细节理解题。根据文中第一句话The first lessn f the “Tiangng class”began at 15:40 n December 9 f 2021.意思是：天宫课堂的第一课开始于2021年12月9日15:40，故选C。
2.C.细节理解题。根据文中the “Space teachers”, perfrmed five experiments n the Chinese space statin in just 60 minutes t give teenagers arund the wrld a “High-end” educatin.意思是：太空老师在六十分钟内在中国太空站进行了五项实验，让全球青少年接受了高端教育。依据题意，故选C。
3.A.推理判断题。结合文中Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the “Space teachers”, perfrmed five experiments n the Chinese space statin in just 60 minutes t give teenagers arund the wrld a “High-end” educatin.和This is the secnd time ur cuntry has cnducted a space class, after the US in 2007 and Wang Yaping in 2013.两个句子可以判断王亚平进行过两次太空授课。
4.D.细节理解题。根据文中The Chinese Science and Technlgy Museum is the main classrm, Guangxi Nanning, Sichuan Wenchuan Cunty, Hng Kng, Macau set up fur sub-classes.意思是：中国科学技术博物馆是主教室，广西南宁、四川汶川、香港、澳门设有四个分班，故选D。
【点评】此篇科普文章中有少量生词，但根据上下文意思可以很快理解，四个题目不难，同学们根据文中大意和问题可以很快做出判断，选出答案。
E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生活在秦岭一带的大熊猫将面临一个新的生存危机：赖以生存的竹子会因为全球温度升高而灭绝。
【解答】
1.答案：stay/keep healthy.细节理解题。本题是第二段中第一个句子Adult pandas spend mst part f the day eating bamb and have t take in at least 40 punds a day t stay healthy.的简化句，选取了这句话的后半部分，意思是：成年熊猫每天至少要吃40磅竹子才能保持健康。考查考生对文章的细节理解。故填stay/keep healthy。
2.答案：3.5 degrees.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中这句话：80% t 100% f the bamb wuld be gne if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees all ver the wrld by the end f the century.意思是：到本世纪末，如果全球平均气温上升3.5度，那么80% 到100% 的竹子将会消失。此题有意改变了原句的表述结构，把if引导的从句移到句首，从而考查考生的细节阅读理解能力。故填3.5 degrees。
3.答案：Abut 2,000.数字计算题。从最后一段The Qinling Muntains, in the suthwest f China, are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin. 意思是：位于中国西南部的秦岭是约260只大熊猫的家园。这相当于中国野生大熊猫总数的13%。可知，260÷0.13=2000，所以中国野生大熊猫总数约为2000只。故填 Abut 2,000.
4.答案：位于中国西南部的秦岭是约260只大熊猫的家园。
5.答案：The endangered pandas in Qinling Muntains might face a new threat.主旨大意题。文章开门见山阐明主题，意思是：秦岭濒临灭绝的大熊猫可能面临新的威胁。
【点评】这是一篇任务型阅读文章，篇幅较长，生词较多，乍见文章，不知所措，其实越是这样的文章，考生越要保持清醒的头脑，往往这样文章的考题越是比较简单，正如本篇一样，考生阅读全文，最好找到涉及题目的原句，理解句子大意，完成各项任务。这是取得高分的关键。