Unit 5（教师专用）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（人教版）

 Unit 5   What were you doing when the rainstorm came ?   Section   A 1.在…的时候at the time of2.（闹钟）响铃go off3.接（电话）pick up4. 进人梦乡；睡着fall asleep 5.拍打…beat against …6. 确信；确认make sure 7. 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失die down8. 醒来wake up 9. 一团糟in a mess 10. 使……分离break … apart11.错过公交车miss the bus12.洗热水澡take a hot showerSection   B 1. 在路边by the side of the road2. 走路经过walk by3. 在某人去……的路上make one’s way to …4.历史上重大事件important events in history5. 沉默；无声in silence6.最近地；新近more recently7.拆除；摧毁take down8.对……有意义have meaning to9. 记得做过某事remember doing sth.10. 首先；最初at first11.实话说to tell the truth12.其余的，其他的the rest of     要点精讲1. go off 表示“发出响声”，还可以表示“爆炸、离开、停止运转”。例：The alarm went off at 7 a.m. yesterday.   昨天早上7点警报响了。A bomb went off just now.             刚才一颗炸弹爆炸了Danny decided go off on his own.       丹尼决定自己走（离开）。2. pick up  意为“接电话”【拓展】pick up还可以表示“捡起、开车接送”。3. either,also, too, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后He also wants to go.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开He wants to go, too.as用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开He wants to go as well.either用于否定句句末He doesn’t want to go either      4. feel like表示“感觉像、感觉好似”例：The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours. 面试只花了十分钟，但感觉像几个小时。【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接动词时，用doing的形式。例：He didn’t feel like going swimming.  他不想去游泳。5. making sure 意为“确保”，后接of短语或者that从句。例：I tried to make sure of the problem.      我试着确定这个问题。Make sure that no one finds out about it.  确保没人知道。6. matches 用作名词，表示“火柴”。【拓展】match用作名词还可以表示“比赛”，用作动词，意为“般配”。7. die down 意为“逐渐变弱、逐渐消失”。8. (1) wake sb. up意为“把某人唤醒”， wake up意为“醒来”。(2) rise(rose, risen, rising)不及物动词，意为“升起，上升”辨析：rise与raise                           raise money 筹钱  raise （raised） “筹集；举起；饲养”     raise hands 举手                                             raise pets 养宠物                                                                                                   the sun rises 太阳升起       rise  （rose） “升起；上升”       the price rises 物价上涨9. break...apart 意为“把……折断；把……分开”。例：Rumors broke the two close friends apart. 谣言使这两位密友分道扬镳。10. make one’s way to 意为“前往……”，后接表示地点的名词。例：We slowly made our way to the mall through the crowd. 我们穿过人群慢慢地走向购物中心。11. on the radio 表示“通过广播、通过录音机”，on此处用作介词，表示“借助、以某种方式”，后常接表示媒介的名词。12.（1）the rest of意为“其余的……、其它的……”，后可接可数名词后者不可数名词，当在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后面的名词保持一致，若of后面的名词是单数可数名词或者不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；若of后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。例：The rest of the money is on the desk.  剩下的钱在桌子上。Some of the students are reading in the classroom and the rest of them are on the playground.一些学生在教室里看书，其余的在操场上。（2）in silence 意为“沉默、无声”。13.（1）recently用作副词，意为“近来、最近”，常与现在完成时连用。（2）take down意为“拆除、拆掉”，还可以表示“写下、记下”。14. at first意为“起初、起先”，多用于句首或者句尾，暗示与后来的动作或者情况不同，与at last“最后、最终”相对。15. truth用作名词，表示“实情、事实”，to tell the truth表示“说实话”语法讲解过去进行时一. 基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。                  1. 过去的具体时间点2. at this time/moment +过去的时间名词  (at this time yesterday)3. at +时间点+过去的时间名词  (at nine o’clock last Monday)4. the whole morning 整个早上二. 时间标志词    5. those days /that day 6. all day +过去的时间 (all day yesterday) 7. at that time/moment 在那时8. from+时间点to时间点+过去的时间名词（from 5:00 to 9:00 yesterday）9. when/while+从句10. this time+过去的时间名词 （this time last night）三. 结构： was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing四. 基本句式肯定句主语 + was / were + doing + ……否定句主语 + was / were + not + doing + ……一般疑问句Was / Were +主语 + doing + ……?肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was / were否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn’t / weren’t.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 + was / were + 主语 + doing + ……?       【注】一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 例: David wrote a letter to his friend last night.     大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了)David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完)五.  过去进行时中的when和while的区别1)  由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时。例：When the teacher came in, we were talking.  老师进来时，我们正在谈话。当此句改变主从句的位置时      While we were talking, the teacher came in.2)  如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。例：They were singing while we were dancing.  我们跳舞时他们在唱歌。          一. 单项填空1. The rain beat ________ her face as she walked through the wind and rain.A. at             B. against             C. in             D. from2. It's ________—I'm sure I locked the front door just now but now it's open.A. strange         B. useful              C. simple         D. crazy3. I'm sure I will be the winner because nobody can ________ me at the game.A. win            B. lose                C. beat           D. catch 4. —Look! It's raining ________. —That's right. The rain is too ________ for us to go shopping.A. heavily; heavy    B. heavily; heavily      C. heavy; heavy   D. heavy; heavily5. This afternoon, on the way home he found some money on the ground and ________. A. picked them up    B. picked it up         C. picked up them  D. picked up it6. I had a toothache and didn't want to say anything, so we sat in the living room ________. A. in silence         B. in person            C. in trouble      D. in time7. —I'm sorry, Mr. Li. I ________ my English homework at home.—That's OK. But don't forget ________ it to school tomorrow.A. left; to bring     B. forgot; to take         C. lost; to bring    D. left; bringing8. Sally took a photo of her friends while they ________ computer games.A. play             B. are playing           C. have played     D. were playing9. —Why didn't you come to my birthday party yesterday?—Sorry, I was so busy that I ________ forgot it.A. suddenly         B. completely           C. recently        D. quietly10. My dad was talking with my uncle ________ I was looking for some information on the Internet. A. after              B. until                 C. since           D. while二. 完形填空A Frenchman went to a small Italian town. He was staying with his __11__ at the best hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly, he felt __12__behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who__13__walked past him. The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his __14__ was gone. He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch. He decided to follow and__15__back the watch.Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian. __16__of them understood the other's language. The Frenchman frightened the Italian __17__his fist(拳头) and pointed to the Italian's watch. In the end, the Italian __18__ his watch to the Frenchman. __19__he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife what had happened. He was greatly__20__when his wife pointed to the watch on the table. Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed(抢劫) the Italian of the watch.11. A. daughter          B. wife        C. son            D. husband 12. A. no one           B. anyone       C. someone       D. none 13. A. quickly           B. nearly       C. hardly          D. heavily 14. A. purse             B. bag         C. watch          D. ruler 15. A. throw             B. get         C. lose           D. lend 16. A. Neither           B. Both        C. Either          D. All 17. A. in                B. with        C. on             D. of 18. A. gave up           B. put away     C. gave away      D. put up 19. A. Before            B. Since        C. As soon as      D. Although 20. A. surprised          B. glad         C. interested       D. relaxed 三. 阅读理解One day, a poor man walked past a restaurant. He had only one piece of bread to eat. There was a large pot of soup on the table. The poor man held his bread over the soup, so the steam from the soup went into the bread, and gave it a good smell. Then he ate the bread.The restaurant owner was very angry. He asked the man for money in exchange for the steam from the soup. The poor man had no money, so the restaurant owner took him to a judge. The judge took some money from his pocket. He held the coins next to the restaurant owner's ear, and shook them, so that the restaurant owner could hear the sound of the coins. “What was that？” asked the restaurant owner.“That was the payment for you，” answered the judge.“What do you mean? That was just the sound of coins！” said the restaurant owner.“The sound of the coins is the payment for the steam of the soup，” answered the judge. “Now go back to your restaurant.”21. What food did the poor man have? A. Soup.        B. Bread.        C. Cakes.         D. Nothing.22. What does the underlined word “steam” mean in Chinese? A. 味道         B. 蒸汽         C. 香味           D. 汤23. Why did the restaurant owner take the poor man to the judge?A. Because he wanted the judge to help him get the money. B. Because the judge could pay for the soup. C. Because the judge was his friend. D. Because the judge was rich. 24. What did the judge do with the coins? A. He gave them to the restaurant owner.    B. He made a sound with them. C. He gave them to the poor man.          D. He threw the coins away. 25. What was the payment for the steam of the soup? A. The sound of money.    B. A few coins.   C. Some money.      D. The smell of bread.四. 完成句子1.昨天晚上我妈妈很快就睡着了。My mother___________ ___________soon last night.2.你给我打电话时，我正站在图书馆的前面。I___________ ___________in front of the library when you___________ ___________.3.当他走进一家纪念品商店时，我很吃惊。I was very         when he___________ ___________ a souvenir shop.4.天下雨时，你在干什么？What___________ you ___________while it___________ ___________?5.他们那时正在购物。They___________ ___________ at that time.6.但是之后，风力会逐渐减弱。But the wind will___________ ___________later on.7.最初，我没理解他说的话。___________ ___________, I didn’t understand what he said.8.暴风雨来的时候，那个女孩正在做什么事情？What_________the girl___________ _______ ________ ________ _________the rainstorm?9.当你打电话的时候，我正在洗淋浴。___________you called, I ___________ ___________a shower.10.在你睡觉的时候，我给珍妮打了电话，她帮助了我。___________you___________ ___________, I called Jenny and she helped me.  【参考答案】一．单项选择.1.B　beat against意为“敲打”，为固定搭配。2. A　3.C　4.A　5.B6. A　考查短语辨析。in silence意为“沉默；无声”；in person意为“亲自”；in trouble意为“处于麻烦中”；in time意为“及时”。结合题干中的“我牙痛，什么也不想说”可知，“我们”沉默地坐在客厅里，故选A。7. A　8.D9. B　考查副词词义辨析。suddenly意为“突然地”；completely意为“完全地”；recently意为“最近地”；quietly意为“安静地”。由句意可知选B。10. D　二．完形填空11.B　12.C　13.A　14.C　15.B　16. A　根据上下文的描述可知，两人都不懂对方的语言，故neither符合题意。neither意为“两者都不”。17. B　18.A　19.C　20. A 三．阅读理解21.B　22.B23. A　推理判断题。结合第二段的描述“He asked the man for money in exchange for the steam from the soup. The poor man had no money…”可知，店主要那个男人付钱，但他没有钱，所以店主带他去见法官，希望法官能帮他要到钱。故选A。24. B　25.A四.完成句子1. fell asleep 2. was standing; called me 3. surprised; walked/came into4. were; doing; was raining 5. were shopping 6. die down 7. At first8. was; doing at the time of  9. When; was taking  10. While; ware sleeping