Unit 9（教师专用）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（人教版）


Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum ?
1.一年到头；终年 
all year round
2.离……远 
be far from 
3.在黑暗中 
in the dark 
4.在过去 
 in the past 
5.去过某地 
have been to sp.  
6. 游乐园 
amusement park 
7.搭帐篷 
put up a tent
8.在大山里露营
camp in the mountains 
9.了解有关…的情况 
learn about sth.
10.以如此迅猛的方式
in such a rapid way 
11.社会团体  
social groups 
12.数以千计的 
thousands of
13.四分之三 
three quarters
14.一个讲英语的国家 
an English-speaking country
15.在白天 
during the daytime
16.好几次 
a couple of times  
17. 现在；目前 
right now 
18. 在公园里到处走 
walk around the park
19.兜风
take a ride 
20.听说 
hear of 
21.鼓励某人做某事
encourage sb to do sth
22.遗留、留下
leave behind
23.在某方面取得进步
make progress in...
24.一方面
on the one hand
25.另一方面
on the other hand





要点精讲
1. me neither 意为 “我也不……”，表示前者的否定情况也适用于我，反义词为me too
例：--- Susan can’t play the piano at all. 苏珊根本不会弹钢琴。
--- Me neither. 我也不会
2. somewhere 用作副词，表示“在某处、到某处”，常用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中用anywhere
例：It’s cold here. Let’s go somewhere else.
Did you go anywhere last Sunday?
3. take the subway 意为“乘地铁”，take用作动词，可以表示“乘、坐（车、船等）”
4. (1) way 表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语
例：Can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?
(2) spend
① sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”
例：The man spent the whole day on his speech. 那人花了一整天的时间演讲。
The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip. 一家人在旅行中花了一万美元。
② sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth. “花费多长时间做某事”
例：The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games. 这个男孩花了两个小时玩电脑游戏。
【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和cost
spend
主语是人
spend...on sth. / spend...(in) doing sth.
pay
主语是人
pay for sth. / pay +金钱. for sth.
take
主语是it
It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost
主语是物
sth. costs sb.+金钱
5. put up 意为“搭建”，还可以表示“举起、张贴”
例：They put up many buildings last year. 去年他们建了许多楼房。
【拓展】动词put的相关短语
put on 穿上 put out 扑灭 put off 推迟 put down 放下
6. make progress in... 在……方面取得进步
例：The student is showing rapid progress in his study. 这个学生的学习进步很快。
I have made much progress in English. 我的英语进步很大。
7. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
8. thousands of 意为“成千上万的、数以万计的”，表示一个不具体的数字，前面不能用具体的数字修饰，后接可数名词复数形式。
例：They plant thousands of trees every year. 他们每年种上千棵树。
9. on the one hand...on the other hand... 意为“一方面……，另一方面……”，用于引出不同的或者对立的观点和看法。
例：On the one hand, Peter wants to make more money. On the other hand, he wants to have more time to enjoy life. 一方面，彼得想赚更多的钱。另一方面，他想有更多的时间享受生活。
10. whether 用作连词，表示“不管…（还是）；或者…（或者）”，常与or连用，引导让步状语从句。
例：Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. 不管你喜不喜欢，你都得做。
11. all year around = all the year around 全年
例：Some trees are green all year around. 有些树一年四季都是绿色的。
12. be close to 表示“靠近、接近、离……近”，close此处用作形容词，表示“接近的”。
例：The window is close to the door. 窗户离门很近。
My house is close to a supermarket. 我家离超市很近。
13. whenever 用作连词，表示“在任何时候、无论何时”，在句中引导时间状语从句。
例：You can come back whenever you want to. 你想什么时候回来都可以。

语法讲解

一 have/has been to与have/has gone to
(1) have/ has been to + 地点名词 表示“去过某地”，表示某人的一种经历，说话时已不在那个地方，常和once, twice, never, ever等连用。当地点为副词时，则要省掉to
例：My sister has been to Dalian twice. 我姐姐去过大连两次。
Have you ever been to the West Lake? 你曾经去过西湖吗？
(2) have/has gone to + 地点名词 表示“去了某地”，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上、已在某地或在回来的路上，所以此句型常用于第三人称，不能与时间状语once, twice, never, ever等连用，也不能和for以及since构成的短语连用。
例：-- Where is Jim? 吉姆在哪里？
-- He has gone to England. 他去英国了。
【拓展】have/has been in +地点名词 在某地待过（多久），常与表示一段时间的状语连用
例：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经3天了。
We have been in China since 5 years ago. 我们自从5年前就来中国了。
How long have you been in New York? 你在纽约多久了？
二 非延续性动词与延续性动词
(1) 非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词
例：The film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。（√）
The film has been on for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（√）
The film has started. 电影已经开始了。 （√）
The film has started for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（×）
常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等
(2) 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。
常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等
例：I have kept the book for two days. 这本书我已经借了两天了。
He will stay here for a week. 他要在这里待一周。
(3) 非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续，若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语，则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。
例：Jim left his hometown last year.
= Jim has been away from his hometown for a year. 吉姆去年离开了家乡。
常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词：
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词
die → be dead
borrow → keep
buy/catch → have
get up → be up
come/arrive/go → be in/at
finish/stop → be over
leave → be away (from)
open → be open
close → be closed
begin/start → be on
marry → be married
join → be in/ be a member of
(4) 非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的。
例：He hasn’t bought any sweets for a year. 他已经有一年没有买糖果了。
I haven’t seen Mr. Zhang for ages. 我好几年没有看到张先生了。



























一． 单项选择
1. Liu Jing’s mother is very kind and she often speaks _______ a kind way.
A. for B. by C. in  D. of
2. Her own twelve pictures sold very well, _______ to friends and family.
A. usually B. Mostly C. Hardly D. recently
3. I don’t like this house with only two small bedrooms. Let’s ask for _______.
A. one B. another C. the other     D. others
4. —Susan, I went to the 31st International Ice and Snow Festival in Harbin.
—Really? I have _______ heard about it.
A. already B. ever C. never  D. yet
5. I forgot to take the _______ with me to Portugal, so I didn’t take any photos.
A. camera B. alarm C. report     D. record
6. Sally is interested in English. Her teacher encouraged her _______ it well.
A. learn     B. learning C. to learn      D. learned
7. —Linda, is that man your English teacher Mr. Huang?
—No, it can’t be him. He _______ Beijing for training.
A. has gone to   B. has been to C. was in    D. goes to
8. About _______ of the students in that village go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
A. two fifth     B. two fifths C. second five     D. second fives
9. The car is five years old but is in almost _______ condition.
A. poor B. perfect C. serious D. typical
10. As soon as the iPhone 6 came out, _______ people couldn’t wait to buy one.       
A. thousand B. thousands       C. thousand of       D. thousands of
11. I got there early so that I _______ others’ ideas about the plan before the meeting began.
A. introduced       B. protected C. collected     D. controlled
12. When I left the hospital, the doctor said to me, “Don’t be worried. You’ll be all right in______ days.”
A. a couple of B. a kind of     C. a piece of D. a bit of
13. —What is the best time of day for us _______ you?
—Oh, any time is OK.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited
14. Health experts _______ that lots of people would have flu this winter because the weather is unusual.
A. discussed   B. promised C. feared    D. advised
15.—I haven’t been to the Bird’s Nest. What about you?
—_______. I am planning to go there this weekend.
A. Me too       B. Me neither C. So did I       D. Neither did I
二. 完形填空
When I was young, I liked climbing mountains with my father. When we walked together, my father and I   36   a lot. He always told me, “You should have goals  (目标) like climbing the mountain.”   37   the mountain-climbing, we didn’t have enough time to be together because my father was very   38  . I really got a lot from mountain-climbing.
Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so   39   for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours, I   40   the flowers, trees and the birds’ singing. But as time passed, I was very tired and felt a little sad. I wanted to   41  climbing. In fact, I hated it at that time.   42   my father said, “You can always see a beautiful   43   at the top of the mountain. When you are at the top, you can see all of the nice things, just like in life.”
At that time, I was too young to   44   his words. But I got new hope. Finally, I found   45   standing at the top of the mountain. I could see the whole sky, and it was as clear as crystal (水晶).
(    )1. A. cheated       B. talked C. hid                    D. reported
(    )2. A. Without       B. Against C. Across            D. Through
(    )3. A. honest         B. strict C. outgoing          D. busy
(    )4. A. challenging     B. safe C. stupid             D. normal
(    )5. A. feared           B. protected C. enjoyed          D. worried
(    )6. A. give up         B. give out  C. cut up            D. cut out
(    )7. A. And            B. Because C. Or                D. But
(    )8. A. island B. sky C. desert            D. moon
(    )9. A. stand             B. forget C. understand       D. question
(    )10. A. himself          B. myself C. herself             D. itself
三. 阅读理解
A
Ding-Dong!
“Jason, can you answer the door?”
“I’m busy, Mom! ” Jason shouted back. “Couldn’t Mom see how important this was?” he thought. He already spent three hours playing a computer game. He couldn’t stop now.
“Jason, it’s your friend Todd,” his mother and Todd came in.
“Jason, let’s play soccer. David is already waiting for us in Center Square,” Todd sounded excited.
“No way, Todd. I’m playing a game here.”
“Jason, you can play it later. Let’s go.”
Jason gave his friend a dirty look, and his character in the game almost got killed while he looked away. He began to move his fingers more quickly. “I almost died because of you!”
Todd looked at Jason’s mother. Jason’s mother looked back at him. They both looked at Jason.
Jason was playing so hard that he didn’t know when they left.
An hour later, Jason’s father came home. It was dinner time after his father washed up and sat down. Jason didn’t hear his name being called to the table. He didn’t hear his father walk up behind him and ask him to turn off the computer, either.
When the screen suddenly went black and his father’s angry face loomed in front of him, Jason finally heard. “No more computer games for a month,” Jason’s father said to him seriously. “You don’t play soccer, you don’t come to dinner, and you don’t do your chores. We’ll make sure everything else gets done before you play again.”
Jason nodded (点头) slowly. He knew he shouldn’t argue with his father. The game was fun, but he played too much and he let down (让……失望) his friends, his family, and even himself.
(    )1. What did Todd ask Jason to do?
A. To eat out.  
B. To play soccer.
C. To visit David’s house.
D. To play a computer game.
(    )2. When Todd said “Let’s go”, Jason _______.
A. got angry
B. got excited     
C. couldn’t decide what to do
D. said nothing but looked at his mother
(    )3.The underlined word “loomed” probably means “_______”.
A. moved  B. washed
C. covered       D. appeared
(    )4.Who finally stopped Jason from playing the computer game?
A. His father.    B. His mother.
C. His friend.    D. Himself.
(    )5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Jason had dinner with his parents.
B. At last, Jason realized his mistake.
C. Jason opened the door for his mother to come in.
D. Jason’s father asked him to do chores for a month.

B
Allen: Welcome to “Easy Travel”. I’m Allen. Today our guest is Bob Smith. He visited Yunnan Province in southwestern China last month. Mr. Smith has been in China for two years. He writes for several newspapers and magazines in Beijing. 
Bob: Hello, everyone! I’m Bob Smith. I’m glad to join Allen in “Easy Travel”.
Allen: Mr. Smith, could you please tell us about your trip to Yunnan? What do you think of it?
Bob: Ah —it’s amazing, I think. I flew to Yunnan and stayed there for a whole week. I visited Kunming, Dali and Lijiang. How wonderful!
Allen: Why did you choose Yunnan? There are many other beautiful places you can visit in China.
Bob: Because some of my friends who had visited there told me it is a fantastic place to visit.
Allen: I see. What impressed (给……留下深刻的好印象) you most during the trip?
Bob: The clean sky.
Allen: The sky?
Bob: Yes. It’s not like the sky in Beijing. In Beijing the sky is gray. In Yunnan the sky is blue and clear. You can see thousands of bright stars at night.
Allen: Which place do you like most?
Bob: The Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in Lijiang left a deep impression on me because it is the highest place I have ever been to. And you can see, at the top of the mountain, the snow-covered peaks (山峰), forests ...
根据材料内容完成表格，每空词数不限
Bob Smith’s trip to Yunnan
When he went there
(1)_________
How he went there
By plane
How long the trip was
(2)_________ days
Where he (3)_________
Kunming, Dali and Lijiang
What impressed him most
(4)_________
Which place he likes most
(5)_________
四. 词汇运用
A) 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词
1. I think flying is one of the _________(安全的) ways of travel.
2. The school promised _________(快速的) results in the learning of languages.
3. I found most of the characters in the play really _________(难以置信的).
4. Some students lose marks _________(仅仅) because they don’t read the question properly.
5. We are happy that space research has _________(进展) greatly.
B) 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
6. The cat lay on the sofa, washing ________(it).
7. My sister drives a ________(Japan) car, but I don’t like it.  
8. We had a ________(peace) afternoon without the children.
9. Dave always gets to school on time, so it was ________(usual) that he was late today.
10. My grandfather told us a story about three ________(fox) just now.
五. 完成句子
1. 我已经在博物馆看过两次机器人了。
I ________ ________ the robot twice in the museum.
2. 一方面这家旅馆环境不错，另一方面那里的价格很贵。
On the one hand, the environment in this hotel is good; ________ ________ ________ ________, it is expensive.
3. 那家游泳馆全年都开放。
That swimming pool is open ________ ________ ________.
4. 在那家商店你可以看到不同种类的帽子。
You can see ________ ________ ________ hats in that shop.
5. 白天我从来不睡觉。
I never sleep ________ ________ ________.
6. 卡伦擅长写作，她的父亲鼓励她写小说。
Karen is good at writing. Her father ________ ________ ________ write novels.
7. 不论什么时候你见他，你都会看到他正在读书。
________ ________ ________ ________, you will see him reading a book.
8. 无论下不下雨，星期日我们将会踢足球。
________ it rains ________ ________, we’re playing football on Sunday.
9. 他能算出那道题，真令人难以置信。
________ ________ ________ he can work out that problem.
10. 我想知道为什么她拒绝了。
I ________ ________ ________ ________.
六．按要求完成下列句子，每空一词
1. Both of us have been there. (改为否定句)
________ of us ________ been there.
2. We’re going to get there by subway. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you going to get there?
3. I’ve already visited the Bird’s Nest. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ the Bird’s Nest ________.
4. He’s been to Taiwan twice. (用last weekend作时间状语改写句子)
________ ________ to Taiwan last weekend.
5. Getting different kinds of good food there is very easy. (改为同义句)
________ very easy ________ ________ different kinds of good food there.

【参考答案】
一．单选. 21-25 CBBCA   26-30 CABBD   31-35 CABCB
二．完型. 36-40 BADAC  41-45 ADBCB
三．阅读A篇. 51-55 BADAB 
阅读B篇56. Last month  57. Seven  58. visited 
59. The (clean) sky  60. The Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in Lijiang
四．词汇运用A）. 61. safest  62. rapid  63. unbelievable  64. simply 65. progressed 
B）66. itself  67. Japanese 68. peaceful  69. unusual  70. foxes
五．完成句子. 1. have seen  2. on the other hand  3. all year round  4. different kinds of 5. during the daytime 6. encourages her to 7. Whenever you see him 8. Whether; or not 9. It’s unbelievable that 10.wonder why she refused
六．按要求完成下列句子1. Neither; has 2. How are 3. haven’t visited; yet 4. He went 5. It’s; to get