Unit 10（教师专用）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（人教版）


Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
1.目前；现在  
these days 
2.迄今；到现在为止 
so far 
3.需要 
 in need 
4.不再…… 
not … anymore 
5.察看；观察 
check out 
6. 棋类游戏 
board games 
7. 初级中学 
junior high school
8.不再；不复 
no longer 
9.清理 
clear out 
10.说实在的 
to be honest 
11.进行庭院拍卖会 
have a yard sale 
12.勾起甜美的回忆 
bring back sweet memories
13.将……认为
regard … as
14.玩一会儿 
play for a while 
15.处置；处理 
do with... 
16.找工作 
search for work 
17.依据；按照 
 according to 
18.依……看 
in one’s opinion 
19. 决定做某事
decide to do sth
20.在某处待了多久
have been in + 地点
21.过去常常做某事
used to do sth







要点精讲
1. bring back 使……回忆起
例：Your article brings back happy memories to me. 你的文章给我带来了美好的回忆。
2. in need 贫困；在困境中
in need of 需要……
3. check out 察看、检查、审查 代词作宾语时，要放在两者之间
check in 登记，报到
4. clear out 清理、丢掉 代词作宾语时，要放在两者之间
5. no longer = not...any longer
不再 于表示状态或延续性的动词连用，强调从时间上说不再做某事；
no more/not any more
表示动作不再重复出现，强调从程度上来说不再做某事。
例：He no longer smokes. = He doesn’t smoke any longer. 他不再抽烟了。
I can no more eat. = I can’t eat any more. 我不能再吃了。
6. on one’s own 单独；独自
of one’s own 属于自己的
owner n. 物主，主人
7. part with 放弃、交出 后接名词或者代词作宾语
例：She had to part with her pet cat when she went abroad. 她出国时不得不放弃她的宠物猫。
8. (1) as for 至于、关于，用于连接前面所谈论的内容，并转入一个新的话题
例：As for the man, I know nothing about him. 至于那个人，我对他一无所知。
(2) to be honest = to tell the truth 说实在的、说实话
例：To be honest, I don’t like your new dress. 老实说，我不喜欢你的新衣服。
9. have/has been in+地点名词 表示“在某地已经多长时间了”
例：I have been in Jinan for two years. 我在济南已经两年了。
10. 某种；某事；某人
certain A certain person called me yesterday. 昨天有人给我打电话了。
确信的，无疑的 be certain of/about
do with 处理；安置，强调处理的对象，常与what连用
11.
deal with 处理；应付，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用
例：She told me how to deal with the problem. （同义句转换）
She told me what to do with the problem.
12. some...others... 一些……，另一些……
例：Some students are playing basketball in the playground, and others are swimming.
13. search(+地点) for sb. / sth. (在某处)搜寻某人/某物
search sb. 搜某人的身
in search of 寻找……
14. 【辨析】between 与 among
between
一般指“在两者之间”
She is sitting between Lucy and Lily.
她正坐在露西和莉莉之间。
among
指“在三者或三者以上之中”
He built a house among the trees.
他在树林中建了一座房子。





15. what a shame = that’s a shame = it’s a shame 令人惋惜的，真遗憾，真可惜
16. regard...as... 把……看作……
17. according to 依据、按照
18. 作介词， 与…相对；在…对面
There is a bank opposite our school. 我们学校对面有一家银行。
opposite 作形容词，对面的；另一边的
We live on the opposite side of the road. 我们住在马路对面。
作名词， 对立的人或物
What’s the opposite of active ? 积极的反义词是什么？
19. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
例：He considered selling his old house and buying a big one.
consider sb./sth. to be 认为……是……
例：All of us consider her to be a kind and helpful teacher.
consider sb./sth. as 把……认为是……
例：You shouldn’t consider him as a fool.
`


语法讲解

一 含since或for的现在完成时
某些动词的现在完成时课表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for+时间段”，“since+过去的时间点或从句”或“since+时间段+ago”连用
例：He has worked here for over twenty years. 他已经在这里工作二十多年了。
He has learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.
他上大学以来学了大约5000个英语单词了。
She’s been at this school since five years age. 她从五年前开始就一直在这个学校。

二 非延续性动词与延续性动词
(1) 非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词
例：The film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。（√）
The film has been on for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（√）
The film has started. 电影已经开始了。 （√）
The film has started for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（×）
常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等
(2) 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。
常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等
例：I have kept the book for two days. 这本书我已经借了两天了。
He will stay here for a week. 他要在这里待一周。
(3) 非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续，若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语，则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。
例：Jim left his hometown last year.
= Jim has been away from his hometown for a year. 吉姆去年离开了家乡。
常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词（词组）：
非延续性动词（词组）
延续性动词（词组）
become
be
borrow
keep
buy / catch
have
get up
be up
fall asleep
be asleep
make friends
be friends
finish
be over
leave
be away (from)
open
be open
close
be closed
lose
be lost
die
be dead
join
be a member of
be in
begin / start
be on
come / go
be here / there
turn om / off
be on / off
get to know
know










一． 单项选择
(   ) 21. We have shirts in different colors ______ 40 yuan each.
A. of            B. with                C. for              D. at
(  ) 22. ______ we grow up, our parents get older.
A. Unless        B. Although          C. As             D. While
(  ) 23. My uncle ______ the shop. It’s not my father’s, but his.
A. likes           B. owns         C. cleans            D. needs
(  ) 24. So far, I ______ my pet dog. I’m very sad.
A. didn’t find     B. have found    C. haven’t found D. found
(  ) 25. Alan has had the bike since he ______ ten years old. 
A. was          B. were          C. is             D. are
(  ) 26. I have ______ the magazine for two weeks. I’ll return it this afternoon.
A. finished       B. lent            C. bought          D. kept
(  ) 27. It’s a ______ that I didn’t win in the English speech contest.
A. risk                B. mess          C. shame          D. waste
(  ) 28. We ______ the house when we worked in that big city.
A. sold             B. sell             C. have sold       D. will sell
(  ) 29. Let’s ______ these old books from the room and give them to children in need.
A. cut out         B. clear out        C. put up           D. set up
(  ) 30. She is very busy. She can’t find much time ______ with her family.
A. be                B. being          C. to be            D. to being
(  ) 31. There are ______ visitors visiting the Great Wall every year.
A. two millions of    B. two millions   C. millions of    D. million of
(  ) 32. —How many books are there on the bookcase?     
—Let me ______ first.
A. read          B. count       C. copy         D. record 
( ) 33. He is a(n) ______ man. He never cheats others.
A. honest    B. silly            C. quiet             D. funny
(  ) 34. These days Bob is considering ______ to Hong Kong.
A. travel      B. traveling     C. to traveling    D. to travel
(  ) 35. —______?
—Since two years ago.
A. How long have you lived here  
B. When did you live here  
C. Have you lived here for two years 
D. Did you live here two years ago 
二. 完形填空
Suzhou is my hometown. This beautiful city is in Jiangsu Province.   36   it is not as big as Beijing, everyone in China knows this beautiful place. People   37   it as “Venice of the East (东方威尼斯)”.
Suzhou has a long history. There are many ancient Chinese   38   in Suzhou. Now, these beautiful gardens are becoming famous tourist places in Suzhou.
In the past 30 years my hometown has   39   rapidly in many ways. The biggest change I have found is the   40  . On the one hand, many people here don’t live in the   41   houses anymore. They have moved into the new high buildings and are enjoying the comfortable life. On the other hand, nowadays builders have   42   thousands of modern buildings of different styles. I think this change is   43   because it has made Suzhou become more modern and more beautiful.
To be honest, everything has changed   44   my hometown. I think you should think about   45   the beautiful city. Make sure you will love it.
(  ) 36. A. Although        B. Because C. If           D. Unless
(  ) 37. A. check           B. accept C. control     D. regard
(   ) 38. A. gardens         B. towers C. pictures         D. walls
(  ) 39. A. collected       B. searched C. changed       D. moved
(  ) 40. A. people           B. environment C. pollution     D. food
(  ) 41. A. expensive      B. cheap C. new          D. old
(  ) 42. A. set up           B. given away C. given out   D. cleaned up
(  ) 43. A. dangerous     B. great C. strange    D. fair
(  ) 44. A. to             B. for C. about         D. in
(  ) 45. A. protecting     B. holding C. visiting      D. achieving
三. 阅读理解
A
I know there are many interesting and useful jobs, but I would like to be a teacher.
I began to think about my future job at the age of fourteen. I was born into a family of teachers. My parents are both teachers and I like the job.
When I was a little girl, I often went to school with my mother. I saw my mother in the class. I watched her and I wanted to be popular among pupils like her.
When I was in the 9th grade, one day, the head teacher asked me to give an English lesson to the 5th grade pupils because their English teacher caught a cold. I entered (进入) the classroom, saw many pupils sitting at their desks, said “Good morning”, and began the lesson.
I wanted the pupils to like English. We read, wrote, sang songs, asked and answered questions. Later, I gave English lessons several times and I was happy teaching the pupils.
Now I know what I am going to do after leaving school. I want to be an English teacher. It’s a very interesting but difficult job. It’s interesting because I can work with pupils. It’s difficult because I have to teach them a foreign language.
To be a good teacher means to know a lot. Every day I improve my English by reading books, reading English newspapers, looking through magazines and speaking with English people.
I like English and I want to be a good teacher.
(   ) 46. When did the writer begin to think about her future job?
A. In the 5th grade.              B. In the 9th grade.       
C. At 10.        D. At 14.
(  ) 47. The writer felt ______ about teaching the pupils according to Paragraph 5.
A. happy        B. worried             C. nervous             D. excited
(  ) 48. The writer thinks being a teacher is interesting because she can ______.
A. learn a lot  
B. work with pupils
C. enjoy long vacations
D. work with her mother
(  ) 49. To improve her English, the writer does the following things every day EXCEPT (除了) ______.
A. speaking with English people
B. looking through magazines
C. watching English movies
D. reading books
(  ) 50. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The writer has left school and is a good teacher now.
B. The writer often went to school with her mother when she was young.
C. The writer gave an English lesson to the 5th grade pupils in an afternoon.
D. The writer’s English teacher asked her to give an English lesson to the 5th grade pupils.

B
It was yard sale time again, and everyone in the Jones family was getting ready.
Billy, the youngest, was clearing out his old toys. He put several old robots and games in his yard sale box. He also found some clothes that didn’t fit.
Suzy, the middle child, decided to part with some stuffed animals (毛绒玩具) from her collection. She also found some old books.
Regina, the eldest, had music CDs and some clothes to sell. She had the most clothes of the children to sell.
Dad had many things he could part with: some tools, some records he didn’t listen to, some computer parts and a few old jackets and suits.
Mom had a few things to sell. She chose some handbags, some shoes and some clothes. She also found some old dishes.
Together, the five of them set up their tables and the sale began at 7:30 a.m. People came early and the buying and selling was fierce. They hardly had time to take a rest. Many people brought young children, so Billy did well. He sold out his toys quickly. Girls liked Suzy’s stuffed animals, and a few teenagers bought most of Regina’s music CDs. Mom and Dad had the most things, so they took longer to sell them, but they also made more money.
In the end, Billy made $22, Suzy made $18 and Regina made $43. Mom and Dad made a bit more. Dad made $143 and Mom made $97. It was quite a good day.
(  ) 51. Who didn’t bring clothes to the yard sale?
A. Billy.          B. Suzy.         C. Regina.             D. Dad.
(  ) 52. Mom didn’t bring ______ to the yard sale.
A. shoes         B. dishes        C. handbags           D. music CDs
(  ) 53. The underlined word “fierce” means “______” in Chinese.
A. 仓促的             B. 悠闲的      C. 激烈的             D. 惨淡的
(  ) 54. Mom and Dad took longer to sell their things because they ______.
A. were bad at selling B. had the most things
C. had to prepare food and drinks D. had to take care of their children
(  ) 55. How much did the three children make at the yard sale?
A. $83.            B. $180.          C. $240.          D. $323.
四. 完成句子
71. 请察看一下这些做饭的工具。
Please __________ __________ these tools for cooking.
72. 我弟弟不再玩他的玩具熊了。
My brother __________ __________ plays with his toy bear.
73. 据他所说，他已经去过北京两次了。
__________ __________ him, he has already been to Beijing twice.
74. 至于你的宠物狗，我会照看好它的。
__________ __________ your pet dog, I’ll look after it well.
75. 快4点了。
It’s __________ __________ 4 o’clock.
五. 综合填空
（A）阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词限用一次，其中有两个词是多余的。
first, need, gift, take, forget, when, become, dog, she, but, play, white
For my eighth birthday, I got a very special gift from my parents. The (76) ________ was alive (活着的)! It was a cute little dog. He was brown with (77) ________ feet.
I had a lot to learn about how to take care of a dog. (78) ________ have to learn many things. For example, they (79) ________ to learn things like “sit”. They also need a lot of love. One way to show love is to play with them. Sometimes they like (80) ________ with a ball or a shoe. Sometimes they might want to be left alone so that they can sleep. It is hard for a dog to be quiet (81) ________ he’s having fun. He might want you to pet (抚摸) him to help him (82) ________ quiet.
I wanted to have the happiest dog in the world. (83) ________, I gave him a great name, Rascal. Next, Mom and I (84) ________ him to an animal doctor. Her name is Dr. Melissa Hardy. I learned a lot from (85) ________ about how to feed and train my dog. The animal doctor also told me some things about petting my dog.

（B） 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The __________ (make) of this kind of radio is from Hebei.
2. Here are lots of __________ (scarf) in different colors.
3. Mary is __________ (truth), and everyone here believes her.
4. Mr. Smith likes sports, __________ (especial) baseball.
5. Look! The little boy is __________ (hold) a stick and playing with it.


【参考答案】
一、单选： 21-25 CCBCA  26-30 DCABC  31-35 CBABA
二、完型：36-40 ADACB  41-45 DABDC
三、阅读： A：46-50 DABCB  B：51-55 BDCBA
四、完成句子：. 71. check out   72. no longer  73. According to  74. As for  75. close to
五、综合填空：（A）76. gift  77. white  78. Dogs  79. need  80. playing / to play  81. when  82. (to) become 83. First  84. took  85. her
66. maker  67. scarfs / scarves 68. truthful  69. especially  70. holding
（B）1.maker 2.scarfs/scarves 3.truthful 4.especially 5.holding