必修 第三册Lesson 3 "White Bikes" on the Road同步练习题

Unit 8 Green Living

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The next thing he saw(see) was smoke rising from behind the house.

2．Looking at my classmates' faces，I read the same excitement(excite) in their eyes.

3．How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didn't do?

4．I never expected those few items to come to so much.

5．The ceremony is a survival(survive) from pre­christian times.

6．The program counts the number of occurrences(occurrence) of any word within the text.

7．It was all a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work.

8．Given equal opportunities，both Frank and Billy may accomplish the task.

9．The heavy snow lasted(last) for a week,  causing a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.

10．It was reported that 115 miners trapped in the flooded mine for eight days were(be) pulled out alive at last.

Ⅱ.完形填空

On March 10，2019，eight­year­old Tanitoluwa “Tani” Adewumi beat 73 young competitors to win the New York State Chess Championship in his age category—kindergarten to third grade.While the   1   is great，what is even more amazing is that the boy  began  learning the game less than a year ago.

Tani and his family   2  in New York City from Nigeria in 2017.Soon after，Tani started to study at the   3   elementary school，P.S.116，which is near his  home.It was here that the young boy was first  introduced  to the chess.  4   by the game，the boy begged his mother，Oluwatoyin，to allow him to   5   the school's chess club.Considering that the family would be unable to afford the   6  ，Oluwatoyin emailed chess  teacher Russel Makofsky，who ran the club.To her surprise and   7  ，Makofsky agreed to charge young Tani nothing.The young boy made up his mind to practice harder in return for his   8  ．He has won seven important prizes in less than a year，and  ranks  27 in America in his age category.

  9  the chess club certainly helps，Tani's success can be largely owed to (归功于)his   10   to the game.The chess player  practises  the game for several hours a day.Every Saturday，Tani and his mother   11   to Harlem for a free 3­hour class to help further sharpen his game skills.

He is now busy   12   the National Elementary Championships，which will be held in Nashville，TN.Winning the   13   will bring the chess player closer to his dream of becoming the world's   14   chess grand master (大师)．The record is now held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin，who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12 years.We have no   15   that the determined boy will achieve his goal soon!

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了极具国际象棋天赋的8岁男孩Tanitoluwa “Tani” Adewumi的故事。

1．A.agreement　　 B．achievement

C．treatment   D．argument

B　[句意：虽然他的成就(achievement)很突出，但更加令人惊奇的是这个男孩开始学习下棋才不到一年。故选B。]

2．A.stayed   B．worked

C．lay   D．arrived

D　[句意： Tani和他的家人在2017年从尼日利亚到达纽约。故选D。]

3．A.religious   B．local

C．strict   D．distant

B　[句意：不久之后在当地的一所小学上学。根据语境可知，此处是指很快，Tani开始在当地的(local)一所小学上学。故选B。]

4．A.Confused   B．Encouraged

C．Attracted   D．Beaten

C　[句意：由于被这种游戏吸引，他恳求他的母亲让他加入学校的象棋俱乐部。根据第一段提到Tani在象棋方面取得的成绩，以及下文“他加入学校的象棋俱乐部”可知，他被这种游戏吸引(attract)，才会有如此之成就。故选C。]

5．A.found   B．run

C．join   D．visit

C　[句意：男孩恳求母亲让他加入象棋俱乐部。上文说男孩非常喜欢象棋，因此男孩恳求母亲让他加入(join)象棋俱乐部，故选C。]

6．A.bills   B．trips

C．meals   D．fees

D　[句意：考虑到他的家庭付不起加入俱乐部的费用。根据“unable to afford”可知，此处是指负担不起费用(fee)……，故选D。]

7．A.sadness   B．happiness

C．puzzlement   D．anger

B　[句意：令她感到吃惊并高兴的是，Makofsky同意减免了她儿子的所有费用。根据后面“Makofsky agreed to charge young Tani nothing”可知， Makofsky同意减免了她儿子的所有费用。令她感到吃惊并高兴(happiness)，故选B。]

8．A.rescue   B．wish

C．help   D．service

C　[句意：这个小男孩下决心更加努力训练来报答他的帮助。根据前一句“俱乐部减免了男孩的费用”，可知，小男孩努力训练来报答他的帮助(help)。故选C。]

9．A.If   B．Unless

C．Though   D．Because

C　[句意：尽管(though)有象棋俱乐部的帮助。分析前后两句，可知，此处是转折关系。指的是“尽管(though)有象棋俱乐部的帮助，但是Tani的成功很大程度上归功于他对这种游戏的挚爱(devotion)”，故选C。]

10．A.devotion   B．action

C．reception   D．return

A　[参见上题解析。]

11．A.return   B．lead

C．point   D．head

D　[句意：每个星期六，Tani和他的母亲都会去Harlem免费上3个小时的课。head“前往，去……”，符合句意。故选D。]

12．A.preparing for   B．waiting for

C．caring for   D．searching for

A　[句意：他现在忙于为全国小学锦标赛做准备。根据语境“which will be held in Nashville，TN”可知，比赛还没有举行，因此他现在忙于为全国小学锦标赛做准备(prepare for)。故选A。]

13．A.friendship   B．war

C．praise   D．competition

D　[句意：赢得这场比赛(competition)将会使他的成为世界上最年轻的象棋大师的梦想更近一步。故选D。]

14．A.smallest   B．strongest

C．youngest   D．tallest

C　[句意：赢得这场比赛将会使他的成为世界上最年轻(youngest)的象棋大师的梦想更近一步。根据下一句“The record is now held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin，who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12 years.”以及第一段第一句“2019年3月10日，八岁的阿德乌米击败73名年轻选手”，可知，与Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin相比，如果他赢了，他是最年轻的象棋大师。故选C。]

15．A.doubt   B．wonder

C．problem   D．sign

A　[句意：毫无疑问，不久之后这个坚定的男孩一定会实现自己的目标。“no doubt”为固定搭配，意为“毫无疑问”，故选A。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

To understand how “modern art” began, a little historical background can be helpful.There was a rapidly increasing change in the 19th century.As 1.________ result of the Industrial Revolution (工业革命), great changes in manufacturing (制造业), transport, and technology began 2.________(affect) how people lived, worked, and travelled throughout Europe and America.

These industry­inspired social changes led to not only greater prosperity (繁荣) but also 3.________ (crowd) living conditions for most workers.In turn, this led to the demand for the architecture, the demand for applied art and design and the appearance of wealthy businessmen 4.________ became art collectors and supporters.Many of the world's best art museums 5.________(establish) by these successful businessmen in the 19th century.

Besides, two other 6.________ (invention) had a direct effect 7.________ fine art of the period.First, in 1841, the American painter John Rand invented the tin paint tube.Second, major advances were made in photography (摄影)，8.________ (allow) artists to take photos of views which could then help 9.________ (they) paint in the studio at a later date.Both of the developments would 10.________ (great) benefit a new style of painting known as “Impressionism”， which would have a huge influence upon how artists painted the world around them.

【语篇解读】　文章讲述了现代艺术的起源和发展历史。

1．a　[考查冠词。句意：由于工业革命，在制造业、运输和技术方面的巨大变化开始影响人们如何在欧洲和美国生活、工作和旅行。as a result of 是固定短语。故填a。]

2．to affect/affecting　[考查非谓语动词。句意同上。began之后可接动词不定式或动词­ing形式作宾语。故填to affect/affecting。]

3．crowded　[考查形容词。句意：这些工业性的社会变化不仅带来了更繁荣的生活，而且也导致了大多数工人拥挤的生活条件。修饰后面的名词 conditions，要用形容词。故填crowded。]

4．that/who　[考查定语从句。句意：相应地，这也导致了对建筑业的需求，对应用艺术和设计的需求，以及成为艺术收藏家和支持者的富商的出现。分析句子结构可知，空格之后为限定性定语从句，先行词是businessmen，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。]

5．were established　[考查被动语态。句意：许多世界上最好的艺术博物馆是由这些成功的商人在19世纪建立的。establish和主语Many of the world's best art museums构成动宾关系，所以要用被动语态，又因本句的时间状语是 in the 19th century，所以用一般过去时，主语是复数。故填were established。]

6．inventions　[考查名词复数。句意：此外，另外两项发明也对那个时期的美术作品产生了直接的影响。two other 作定语，所以要用复数形式。故填inventions。]

7．on　[考查介词。句意同上。固定短语have a(an)...effect on...表示“对……有影响”。故填 on。]

8．allowing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：第二，在摄影方面取得了重大进展，允许艺术家拍摄风景照片，这以后在晚些时候可以帮助他们绘画。通过分析句子结构可知，该部分作状语，且主语与allow为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填现在分词。故填allowing。]

9．them　[考查代词。句意同上。作 help的宾语，需要用宾格。故填them。]

10．greatly　[考查副词。句意：这两项发展都将大大有利于一种被称为“印象主义”的新绘画风格，这将对艺术家如何绘制他们周围的世界产生巨大影响。修饰动词，应用副词作状语。故填greatly。]