2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(湖南卷)

这是一份2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(湖南卷)，共10页。试卷主要包含了5marks)，What is Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(湖南卷)
PartⅠ　ListeningComprehension(30marks)
SectionA(22.5marks)
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearsixconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Foreachconversation,thereareseveralquestionsandeachquestionisfollowedbythreechoicesmarkedA,BandC.Listencarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.
YouwillheareachconversationTWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
A.Wednesday.
B.Thursday.
C.Friday.
TheanswerisB.
Conversation1
1.When does the woman usually get home from work?
A.About 6:30.
B.About 7:30.
C.About 8:30.
2.What did the woman do last night?
A.She watched TV.
B.She recorded a program.
C.She prepared for a lecture.
Conversation2
3.How often does the man exercise at the gym?
A.Every day.
B.Every two days.
C.Once a week.
4.Where will the two speakers meet before doing exercise this Friday?
A.At the park.
B.At the cafe.
C.At the cinema.
Conversation3
5.What is Mr.Chester doing?
A.Telephoning someone.
B.Speaking to the woman.
C.Leaving the man a message.
6.What is the man’s last name?
A.Oliver.　　　　B.Horst.　　　　C.Robert.
Conversation4
7.Why will the woman be late?
A.She didn’t catch the train.
B.She didn’t finish her paper.
C.She didn’t wake up in time.
8.Where is the man?
A.At the station.
B.At home.
C.At the office.
9.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.Parent and child.
C.Husband and wife.
Conversation5
10.For whom does the woman buy the T-shirt?
A.Herself. B.Her husband. C.Her friend.
11.How much does the T-shirt normally cost?
A.$54. B.$60. C.$70.
12.Why does the salesman agree to sell the T-shirt at $48?
A.It is cheaper online.
B.He is in a hurry.
C.A button is lost.
Conversation6
13.When did the woman arrive?
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
14.What major did the man choose in the end?
A.English. B.Biology. C.History.
15.What suggestion does the man give on reading the books?
A.Making notes.
B.Skimming first.
C.Reading word by word.
SectionB(7.5marks)
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Listencarefullyandthenfillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.
YouwillheartheshortpassageTWICE.

PartⅡ　LanguageKnowledge(45marks)
SectionA(15marks)
Directions:ForeachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.
Example:
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket 　　　the desert. 
A.covering　　　　　　　B.covered
C.cover D.to cover
TheanswerisA.
21.It was when we were returning home 　　　I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 
A.which B.that
C.where D.how
22.As you go through this book,you　　　that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. 
A.willfind B.found
C.had found D.have found
23.Only after talking to two students 　　　that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 
A.I did discover B.did I discover
C.I discovered D.discovered I
24.Video games can be a poor influence if 　　　in the wrong hands. 
A.to leave B.leaving
C.leave D.left
25.I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I 　　　,“What do you wish me to do now?” 
A.ask B.have asked
C.am asking D.asked
26.You have to know 　　　you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 
A.what B.that
C.where D.who
27.It is important to remember that success 　　　a sum of small efforts made each day and often 　　　years to achieve. 
A.is;takes B.are;takes
C.are;take D.is;take
28.He must have sensed that I 　　　him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?” 
A.wouldlook at B.looked at
C.was looking at D.am looking at
29.It is a truly delightful place,　　　 looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 
A.as B.where
C.that D.which
30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,　　　 whether to stay or leave. 
A.wondering B.wonder
C.to wonder D.wondered
31.Always 　　　in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly. 
A.to keep B.to have kept
C.keep D.have kept
32.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but　　　thankfully by the shop window. 
A.am held back B.held back
C.hold back D.was held back
33.　　　the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it. 
A.If only B.After
C.Although D.In case
34.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students 　　　what is bothering them. 
A.to talk over B.talked over
C.talk over D.having talked over
35.That’s why I help brighten people’s days.If you 　　　,who’s to say that another person will? 
A.didn’t B.don’t
C.weren’t D.haven’t
SectionB(18marks)
Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
It was a rainy morning and the children,mainly boys with various learning difficulties,refused to settle for the start of the lesson.As an inexperienced teacher,I tried every means to get them to be 　36　,but in vain.My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly.This was the 　37　 of my job as a music teacher,I thought — teaching was not for me.Then I had an idea.Hoping that no one would notice that I was 　38　inside,I threw my voice as far as it would reach:“Put your heads on the desks and close your 　39　!We are going on a journey.” 
　40　,the children fell silent.“Now what should I do?”I thought to myself.Reaching over to my collection of CDs,I blindly 　41　,put it in the machine and played it. 
Obediently(顺从地),my class lay their heads on their desks,closed their eyes and 　42　.When the music started,the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined.All the children were 　43　.When the music finished,I asked them all to raise their 　44　 slowly so that we could share our musical journeys. 
At this point,when all the children were willing to share their experiences,I began to learn how to 　45　.The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect,tears and smiles,the knowing and the 　46　and,most of all,an understanding of each other.This was the power that 　47　 in the classroom could have. 
36.A.glad B.safe
C.kind D.quiet
37.A.end B.aim
C.rule D.plan
38.A.guessing B.shaking
C.responding D.laughing
39.A.eyes B.mouths
C.books D.doors
40.A.Punctually B.Importantly
C.Amazingly D.Obviously
41.A.passed one on B.gave one back
C.turned one in D.took one out
42.A.slept B.nodded
C.waited D.continued
43.A.talking B.singing
C.dancing D.listening
44.A.legs B.heads
C.arms D.shoulders
45.A.teach B.imagine
C.play D.understand
46.A.unprepared B.unspoken
C.unknown D.unforgotten
47.A.games B.music
C.tears D.knowledge
SectionC(12marks)
Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.
Research has become both simpler and more complex.It’s simpler because,　48　 you have a computer,you can find information you need by searching the Internet.For all your information,you don’t have to go to 　49　 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it.Instead,you can find some sources from the Internet 　50　 print the copies needed.Remember,however,that you should usually consult different types of sources.Thatis,you　51　 always rely just on the Internet for your research. 
While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become 　52　complex.There is a lot more material available,which means you may be overwhelmed 　53　 the amount of information.You need to learn 　54　 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project.Also,　55　 need to check the accuracy of it. 
PartⅢ　ReadingComprehension(30marks)
Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.
A
ForgetCyclists,PedestriansAreRealDanger
Wearehavingadebateaboutthistopic.Herearesomelettersfromourreaders.
■Yes,many cyclists behave dangerously.Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.
People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone,quite unaware of what is going on around them.They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere.The rest of us have to evade(避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.
The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be,at least for the moment,in worlds of their own that are,tothem,much more important than the welfare of others.
—Michael Horan
■I loved the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists(Viewpoints,May 29).I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads.
I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.
The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.
The police do nothing.What a laugh they are!
The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets,fluorescent(发荧光的) jackets and lights at night and in the morning.They should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.
—Carol Harvey
■Cyclists jump on and off pavements(which are meant for pedestrians),ride at speed along the pavements,and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users,including horse riders,manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?
It’s about time they had to be registered and insured,so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle,or cause an accident,at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
—JML
WritetoViewpointsofthenewspaper.
56.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that 　　　. 
A.drivers should be polite to cyclists
B.road accidents can actually be avoided
C.some pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D.walking while using phones hurts one’s eyes
57.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should 　　　. 
A.be provided with enough roads
B.be asked to ride on their own lanes
C.be made to pay less tax for cycling
D.be fined for laughing at policemen
58.What is a complaint of JML?
A.Very few drivers are insured.
B.Cyclistsride fast on pavements.
C.Pedestriansgo through red traffic lights.
D.Horse riders disrespect other road users.
59.The underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to 　　　. 
A.accidents B.vehicles
C.pedestrians D.cyclists
60.The three letters present viewpoints on 　　　. 
A.real sources of road dangers
B.ways to improve road facilities
C.measures to punish road offences
D.increased awareness of road rules

B
In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people,horses,and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this:A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help,he replies,“No,thanks.I’ve got a good horse under me.”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system,but there simply wasn’t enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city’s streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem:dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice:either change the first floors of their buildings into basements,and the second stories into main floors,orhoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large,heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel,which was a six-story brick building?
That’s where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building’s foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman’s signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time,thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly,the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,and many of its guests didn’t even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago’s early history,every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago’s waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River,the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river.
61.The author mentions the joke to show 　　　. 
A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B.Chicago’s streets were extremely muddy
C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous
62.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to 　　　. 
A.get rid of the street dirt
B.lower the Chicago River
C.fight against heavy floods
D.build the pipes above ground
63.The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means “　　　”. 
A.change B.lift
C.repair D.decorate
64.What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?
A.It went on smoothly as intended.
B.It interrupted the business of the hotel.
C.It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
D.It separated the building from its foundation.
65.The passage is mainly about early Chicago’s 　　　. 
A.popular life styles and their influences
B.environmental disasters and their causes
C.engineering problems and their solutions
D.successful businessmen and their achievements

C
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly?Imagine having your entire house,garage,and yard inspected at any time — with no warning.Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse(灯塔) living,and a keeper’s reputation depended on the results.A few times each year,an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station.The inspections were supposed to be a surprise,but keepers sometimes had advance notice.
Once lighthouses had telephones,keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching.After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector was aboard,the keeper’s family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first.As soon as someone spotted the boat,everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes.The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap.Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.
Despite the serious nature of inspections,they resulted in some funny moments.Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection.At the time,people did not have dishwashers in their homes.In an effort to clean up quickly,Mrs.Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan,covered them with a cloth,and stuck them in the oven.If the inspector opened the oven door,it would look like bread was baking.He never did.
One day,GlennFurst’s mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house.Like floor wax,the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood.Thistime,though,she used a little too much oil.When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn’s mother,he slipped on the freshly oiled surface.“He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight,”Glenn later wrote.After he steadied himself,he shook Glenn’s mother’s hand,and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
66.What does Paragraph 1 tell us about the inspection at the light station?
A.It was carried out once a year.
B.It was often announced in advance.
C.It was important for the keeper’s fame.
D.It was focused on the garage and yard.
67.The family began making preparations immediately after 　　　. 
A.one of the members saw the boat
B.a warning call reached the lighthouse
C.the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D.the inspector flew special flags in the distance
68.Mrs.Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would 　　　. 
A.result in some fun
B.speed up washing them
C.make her home look tidy
D.be a demand from the inspector
69.If the inspector had opened the oven door,he would have seen 　　　. 
A.an empty pan
B.many clean dishes
C.pieces of baked bread
D.a cloth covering something
70.The inspector waved his arms 　　　. 
A.to try his best to keep steady
B.to show his satisfaction with the floor
C.to extend a warm greeting to Glenn’s mother
D.to express his intention to continue the inspection
PartⅣ　Writing(45marks)
SectionA(10marks)
Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinthenumberedblanksbyusingtheinformationfromthepassage.
WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
Not all print dictionaries are the same,as you will notice when you select one.To make a wise selection,you should know how to distinguish among three kinds of print dictionaries:pocket,desk,andunabridged.You should also know the copyright date of your dictionary,and check its special features.
A pocket dictionary is small.Generally,it contains no more than 75,000 entries,making it handy to carry to class and efficient to use.However,a pocket dictionary doesn’t contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework.Inaddition,the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited.A desk dictionary is medium-sized,generally containing over 170,000 entries as well as extra features.For college work you should own a current desk dictionary.An unabridged dictionary is a complete dictionary.Abridgeddictionaries,such as pocket and desk dictionaries,areshortened.Because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words,they are large and heavy.They are often used by schools and libraries.
If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago,consider investing in a more recent edition.English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning,spelling,and usage of familiar words.This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.
In selecting a dictionary,check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions.Many editions contain signs,symbols and foreign words.Some also contain CD-ROMs and access to special online features.

SectionB(10marks)
Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.
WalkOutoftheComfortZoneandTryNewThings
For most high school students,free periods are useless.From what I have seen,few do homework;instead many are on their phones and talking,making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any.As a senior next year,I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes.Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study.We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don’t try it.
In my 8th grade,I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement;so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art.One of the projects was to build a clay pot,but I built mine incorrectly,so it broke in the kiln(窑).I found out that I have no artistic ability at all,and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist.However,the class was one of my favorites that year.I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things!College is when we should focus on a specific major,but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point.By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would have never needed to take.So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college.The classes we choose can impact us in the future.Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind.It will also show colleges we are diverse students.
81.How should we use our extra periods in the author’s opinion?
(No more than 9 words)(2 marks)
 
82.Why does the author think we should experiment in different fields of study?
(No more than 17 words)(2 marks)
 
83.Why did the clay pot show the author’s lack of artistic ability?
(No more than 10 words)(3 marks)
 
84.According to the author,how will taking optional subjects impact us in the future?
(No more than 13 words)(3 marks)
 
SectionC(25marks)
Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.
请以老师当众表扬你为话题,用下面所给句子开头,续写一篇英语短文。
As a student,I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
注意:
1.将所给句子写在答题卡上;
2.续写词数不少于120个;
3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。


详解详析
2015高考湖南英语卷答案详解
1.A　2.C　3.B　4.A　5.A　6.B　7.A　8.B　9.C
10.C　11.B　12.C　13.A　14.C　15.B
16.Club　17.Monday　18.background　19.5 pages
20.750
21.B　考查强调结构。该题强调的是时间状语。句意为“是我们将要回家时我意识到了帮助处于困境中的人是一种多么美好的感觉”。句中what引导感叹句。
22.A　考查时态。句意为“当你浏览这本书时,你会发现无数经历过第二次世界大战的人都有不同的经历”。as引导时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
23.B　考查倒装句。only修饰状语位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。句意为“只有和两个同学谈话后,我才发现有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一”。
24.D　考查非谓语动词。句意为“如果控制不当,电子游戏可能造成不良影响”。videogames和leave之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。
25.D　考查时态。句意为“当我问‘你希望我现在干什么?’时,我无法隐藏我的渴望”。主句是一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时。
26.C　考查宾语从句。句意为“如果你计划以最佳方式到达,你必须知道你要去哪里”。宾语从句中缺少地点状语,所以用where引导。
27.A　考查时态。本句说的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时。句意为“成功是每天一点点小的努力的总和,而且往往要花几年时间才能达到,记住这点很重要”。本句中it是形式主语。
28.C　考查时态。句意为“他肯定意识到我正在看着他。他突然看了我一眼,悄悄地说:‘你为什么那样盯着我?’”。根据后句可知是“正在看着”,所以应用过去进行时。
29.D　考查非限制性定语从句。句意为“它确实是一个宜人的地方。与一百年前的样子一样,有着弯弯曲曲的小径和漂亮的村舍”。which指物,引导非限制性定语从句。
30.A　考查非谓语动词。句意为“当职员看到一张和蔼的、带着歉意的笑纹的脸时,她站在那里不动了,不知道是该留下还是该离开”。这里用非谓语动词作状语。
31.C　考查祈使句。句意为“始终记住你的主要任务是使公司运转顺利”。祈使句省略了第二人称you,谓语动词用动词原形。
32.D　考查被动语态。句意为“我有一个强烈的愿望:伸进手去玩那个玩具,但幸好被商店的橱窗阻碍住了”。I和holdback之间为被动关系。
33.C　考查让步状语从句。句意为“尽管这项工作要花大量的时间,但大部分学生认为很值得”。主句和从句之间为让步关系。
34.A　考查非谓语动词。句意为“有时候我作为同学的倾听者,听他们讨论是什么在困扰着他们”。
35.B　考查条件状语从句。句意为“这就是我帮助照亮人们的日子的原因。如果你不这样做,那么还有谁会这样做呢?”主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。作者是一名音乐老师,在一个雨天的早上,学生们无法安静下来上课,后来作者却带领学生们进行了一次安静的音乐旅行。
36.D　在一个下雨的早上,学生们无法安静下来上课,作者想尽各种办法也无济于事。由40空后面的内容可知,学生们都安静下来了。故此处是指无法让他们静下来。
37.A　由后面的teachingwasnotforme可知,这是“我”作为音乐教师的教学生涯的尽头了。
38.B　由前文可知,“我”无法使学生安静下来,所以很惊慌,心也怦怦跳个不停,此处指“但愿没有人注意到我内心的不安”。guess“猜测”;shake“晃动,颤抖”;respond“回应,响应”;laugh“笑,发笑”。
39.A　由42空所在句子“...closedtheireyesand...”可知,此处是作者要求学生们闭上眼睛。
40.C　学生们一直都无法安静下来,这时,作者说要带领他们进行一次旅行。令人吃惊的是,他们一下子都静下来了。punctually“准时地”;importantly“重要地”;amazingly“令人吃惊地”;obviously“明显地”。
41.D　作者伸手拿出了一张唱片,然后把它放到机器里播放。passon“传递”;giveback“归还,送还”;turnin“上交,归还”;takeout“拿出”。
42.C　学生们闭上眼睛静静地等待着作者带领他们进行一次旅行。
43.D　学生们是在静静地听作者播放的音乐,而不是在“讨论”,“唱歌”或“跳舞”。
44.B　由38空后面的内容可知,作者要求学生们把头放在桌子上,闭上眼睛静静地听。当音乐播放完之后,作者自然是要求学生们把头抬起来。
45.A　作者是一名教师,所以到这个时候,他才开始明白该如何教学。
46.C　此处和前面的“theknowing”是并列关系。表示“已知的和未知的”。
47.B　作者在教室里播放的是音乐,也正是这音乐才使得学生们都安静了下来,这就是音乐在教室里所展现出来的魔力。
【语篇导读】研究变得更简单也更复杂了。更简单是因为你可以通过电脑查找所需的资料而不必再去图书馆,更复杂是因为可选择的材料太多,要慎重选择,还要确定其准确性。
48.if　考查条件状语从句。根据后面“可以通过上网搜索需要的信息”可知,如果你有电脑的话,查阅资料会很便捷。故填if。
49.the　考查定冠词。gotothelibrary“去图书馆”。
50.and　考查并列连词。连接两个并列谓语find和print,用and。
51.shouldn’t　考查情态动词。根据前一句语境“通常你应该查阅不同种类的材料”可推知本句意思是“你不应该总是依赖网络”,故用shouldn’t。
52.more　考查比较级。根据文章首句“bothsimplerandmorecomplex”及easier可推知,这里应用比较级形式。
53.with　考查介词。beoverwhelmedwith固定搭配,意为“被……淹没;茫然不知所措”。
54.how　考查副词。根据后面语境“分类整理并找到相关信息”可以判断出此处缺少表示方式的疑问副词how。
55.you　考查主语。本句缺少主语,文章通篇用了第二人称,所以此处也应用you。
A
【语篇导读】本文为应用文。许多人的骑车行为很危险,许多司机也不尊重骑自行车的人,很多行人也不遵守道路行驶规则。这些都是道路安全的隐患。
56.C　推理判断题。由第一封信可知,行人或许才是最不遵守道路行驶规则的。他们过马路时,一直在看手机,其他人不得不避让他们以防发生碰撞。由此可知,行人是道路安全的一大威胁,故选C项。
57.B　细节理解题。由第二封信中的“Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanes...”可知,卡罗尔建议骑自行车的人应该使用自行车道,故选B项。
58.B　细节理解题。由第三封信中的“Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedalongthepavements...”可知,JML抱怨骑自行车的人在人行道上快速骑行,故选B项。
59.D　词义猜测题。由第三封信可知,JML抱怨骑自行车的人不遵守行驶规则,所以他们应该登记注册。当与行人或车辆相撞时,至少可以追查到这些骑行者,故选D项。
60.A　主旨大意题。文章列举了三封信,它们所陈述的观点都是有关道路危险的事实材料,故A项内容最符合文意。
B
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。芝加哥早期经常发生洪水,导致道路特别泥泞。因此,城市规划者采取了一些解决办法。
61.B　细节理解题。由第一段可知,芝加哥经常发生洪水,尤其是在春天,这使得道路特别泥泞,马车也往往被困其中。作者提及这个笑话就是为了说明芝加哥的道路极其泥泞。
62.D　细节理解题。由第三段可知,埃利斯·切斯布罗格工程师建议将排水管道建在路面之上,再用泥土覆盖。
63.B　词义猜测题。由第四段可知,大楼的主人面临一个选择:要么把第一层改为地下室,要么把大楼整体抬高。hoist意为“举起,抬高”。
64.A　推理判断题。由第五段“Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.”可知,在对特里蒙特饭店进行整体抬高时,它仍然在营业,客人们甚至都没有察觉到发生了什么。由此可推测,整个抬高的过程是很平稳的。
65.C　主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是芝加哥早期所面临的一些工程问题以及采取的一些解决办法,故选C项。
C
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。对于灯塔守护者来说,检查员经常会在没有事先通知的情况下突击检查,而灯塔守护者也想出了一些办法来应对检查。这成了灯塔生活的常规组成部分。
66.C　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Inspectionswerearegularpartoflighthouse(灯塔)living,andakeeper’sreputationdependedontheresults.”可知,突击检查是灯塔生活的常规组成部分,而检查结果决定了灯塔守护者的信誉,故选C项。
67.A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Assoonassomeonespottedtheboat,everyonewoulddolast-minutetidyingandchangeintofancyclothes.”可知,一旦有人发现了检查员的船只,每个人就都会在最后时刻把一切整理好,并换好漂亮的衣服。
68.C　推理判断题。由第三段可知,在检查之前,贝尔纳斯夫人没有时间清洗盘子,那时候也没有洗碗机。为了使房间看起来干净整洁,她把所有的盘子都塞进了烤箱。
69.D　细节理解题。由第三段可知,贝尔纳斯夫人把所有的盘子都扔进了一个大的面包烤模里,盖上布,然后把它们都塞进了烤箱。所以,检查员打开烤箱门时会看到盖在烤模上面的布,故选D项。
70.A　推理判断题。由最后一段可知,格伦的母亲把油弄到了厨房的地板上,地板很滑,所以检查员滑倒了。由此可知,检查员挥动着胳膊是为了保持平稳,故选A项。
71.Select　72.inadequate　73.word information　74.desk dictionary　75.extra features　76.large and heavy
77.schools and libraries　78.admitting new words　79.check　80.access to
81.We should use them to take optional subjects.
82.We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.
83.It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
84.It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
书面表达(略)。