2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(江苏卷)

这是一份2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(江苏卷)，共18页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。


绝密★启用前试卷类型:A
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(江苏卷)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分20分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是 C。
1.What will James do tomorrow?
A.Watch a TV program. B.Give a talk. C.Write a report.
2.What can we say about the woman?
A.She’s generous. B.She’s curious. C.She’s helpful.
3.When does the train leave?
A.At 6:30. B.At 8:30. C.At 10:30.
4.How does the woman go to work?
A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bike.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman regret?
A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changing her major.
7.What is the woman interested in studying now?
A.Ecology. B.Education. C.Chemistry.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What is the man?
A.A hotel manager. B.A tour guide. C.A taxi driver.
9.What is the man doing for the woman?
A.Looking for some local foods. B.Showing her around the seaside.
C.Offering information about a hotel.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In an office. B.At home. C.At a restaurant.
11.What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?
A.Go to a concert. B.Visit a friend. C.Work extra hours.
12.Who is Alice going to call?
A.Mike. B.Joan. C.Catherine.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Why does the woman meet the man?
A.To look at an apartment. B.To deliver some furniture. C.To have a meal together.
14.What does the woman like about the carpet?
A.Its color. B.Its design. C.Its quality.
15.What does the man say about the kitchen?
A.It’s a good size. B.It’s newly painted. C.It’s adequately equipped.
16.What will the woman probably do next?
A.Go downtown. B.Talk with her friend. C.Make payment.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A.Movie fans. B.News reporters. C.College students.
18.When did the speaker take English classes?
A.Before he left his hometown. B.After he came to America.
C.When he was 15 years old.
19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?
A.He’s proud. B.He’s sympathetic. C.He’s grateful.
20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A.How education shaped his life. B.How his language skills improved.
C.How he managed his business well.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child 　　　he or she wants. 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
答案是B。
21.By boat is the only way to get here,which is 　　　we arrived. 
A.where B.when C.why D.how
22.Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might 　　　the things they see. 
A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate
23.Self-driving is an area 　　　China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 
A.that B.where C.which D.when
24.It’s strange that he 　　　have taken the books without the owner’s permission. 
A.would B.should C.could D.might
25.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which 　　　a clear road map and timetable. 
A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up
26.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,　　　 the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts. 
A.having exceeded B.to exceed C.exceeded D.exceeding
27.There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I 　　　a second chance to become more involved. 
A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had
28.—You know what?I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh,　　　 You’re kidding. 
A.so what? B.go ahead. C.come on. D.what for?
29.　　　 you can sleep well,you will lose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 
A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When
30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan 　　　in the past two years. 
A.had been carried out B.would be carried out
C.is being carried out D.has been carried out
31.Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we 　　　more convenient electronic communication tools by then. 
A.have developed B.had developed C.will have developed D.developed
32.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　you’ve made. 
A.assignment B.association C.acquisition D.assumption
33.China’s soft power grows 　　　the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally. 
A.in line with B.in reply to C.in return for D.in honour of
34.Despite the poor service of the hotel,the manager is 　　　to invest in sufficient training for his staff. 
A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready
35.—What happened?Your boss seems to 　　　. 
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off C.be all ears D.fly off the handle
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 　36　 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse,Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 　37　 disease.There was no 　38　,only pain relief. 
Failing to find any other way out,they decided to make a 　39　 journey,as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide. 
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 　40　 recovery.When leaving home,Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 　41　 low by living on boiled noodles,with the 　42　 hamburger shop treat. 
Wild camping is 　43　 in England.To avoid being caught,the Winns had to get their tent up 　44　 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 　45　 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 　46　 all over and desired a bath.Moth,meanwhile,after an initial 　47　,found his symptoms were strangely 　48　 by their daily tiring journey. 
　49　,the couple found that their bodies turned for the better,with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 　50　 forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out,nails broken,clothes 　51　 to a thread,but we were alive.” 
During the journey,Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes,“　52　 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare,an empty page at the end of a(n) 　53　 written book.It had also given me a 　54　,either to leave that page 　55　 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.” 
36.A.drawn up B.used up C.backed up D.kept up
37.A.mild B.common C.preventable D.serious
38.A.cure B.luck C.care D.promise
39.A.business B.walking C.bus D.rail
40.A.expected B.frightening C.disappointing D.surprising
41.A.budget B.revenue C.compensation D.allowance
42.A.frequent B.occasional C.abundant D.constant
43.A.unpopular B.lawful C.attractive D.illegal
44.A.soon B.early C.late D.slowly
45.A.harder B.easier C.cheaper D.funnier
46.A.rolled B.bled C.ached D.trembled
47.A.struggle B.progress C.excitement D.research
48.A.developed B.controlled C.reduced D.increased
49.A.Initially B.Eventually C.Temporarily D.Consequently
50.A.gained B.kept C.wounded D.lost
51.A.sewn B.washed C.worn D.ironed
52.A.Doctors B.Hiking C.Lawyers D.Homelessness
53.A.well B.partly C.neatly D.originally
54.A.choice B.reward C.promise D.break
55.A.loose B.full C.blank D.missing
第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt

1000 Fifth Avenue New York,NY 10028
211-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org
Entrances
Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
Hours
Open 7 days a week.
Sunday—Thursday 10:00—17:30
Friday and Saturday 10:00—21:00
Closed Thanksgiving Day,December 25,
January 1,and the first Monday in May.

Admission
$25.00 recommended for adults,$12.00 recommended for students,includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊) on the same day;free for children under 12 with an adult.
FreewithAdmission
All special exhibitions,as well as films,lectures,guided tours,concerts,gallery talks,and family/children’s programs are free with admission.Ask about today’s activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.

TheCloistersMuseumandGardens
The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.The extensive

collection consists of masterworks in sculpture,colored glass,and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.
Hours:Open 7 days a week.
March—October 10:00—17:15
November—February 10:00—16:45
Closed Thanksgiving Day,December 25,and January 1.
56.How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum?
A.$12. B.$37. C.$50. D.$62.
57.The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that 　　　. 
A.it opens all the year round B.its collections date from the Middle Ages
C.it has a modern European-style garden D.it sells excellent European glass collections

B
In the 1760s,Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有) a special meat soup called consommé.Although the main attraction was the soup,Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out,which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.
Today,scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants.Take visual hints that influence what we eat:diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食) when their plates matched their food.When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one,customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.
Lighting matters,too.When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness,they couldn’t tell how much they’d had:those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else,but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller,and they were just as ready for dessert. 
Time is money,but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants.Unlike fast-food places,fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend.One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round:put on some Mozart(莫扎特).When classical,rather than pop,music was playing,diners spent more.Fast music hurried diners out.Particular scents also have an effect:diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon,or no scent.
Meanwhile,things that you might expect to discourage spending—“bad” tables,crowding,high prices—don’t necessarily.Diners at bad tables—next to the kitchen door,say—spent nearly as much as others but soon fled.It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,”given that they’re profitable.As for crowds,a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation,suggesting great food at fair prices.And doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
58.The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were 　　　. 
A.not aware of eating more than usual B.not willing to share food with others
C.not conscious of the food quality D.not fond of the food provided
59.How could a fine dining shop make more profit?
A.Playing classical music. B.Introducing lemon scent.
C.Making the light brighter. D.Using plates of larger size.
60.What does the last paragraph talk about?
A.Tips to attract more customers.
B.Problems restaurants are faced with.
C.Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation.
D.Common misunderstandings about restaurants.

C
If you want to disturb the car industry,you’d better have a few billion dollars:Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture,small farmers can get the best of the major players.By connecting directly with customers,and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统),small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition(NYFC,美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself,I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example,take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester,a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer,Jonathan Dysinger,in Tennessee,with a small loan from a local Slow Money group.It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour —a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.Before the tool came out,small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms.But now,with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product,they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers,though,won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry.One crucial factor is secure access to land.Competition from investors,developers,and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.From 2004 to 2013,agricultural land values doubled,and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship—the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own.With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger than 35 by six to one,and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer,we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy,but farmers can’t clumsily put them together before us.We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation,as we push for immigration reform,and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress,consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
61.The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce 　　　. 
A.the progress made in car industry B.a special feature of agriculture
C.a trend of development in agriculture D.the importance of investing in car industry
62.What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?
A.Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
B.Technology is vital for agricultural development.
C.Competition between small and big farms is fierce.
D.Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
63.What is the difficulty for those new farmers?
A.To gain more financial aid. B.To hire good farm managers.
C.To have farms of their own. D.To win old farmers’ support.
64.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?
A.Seek support beyond NYFC. B.Expand farmland conservation.
C.Become members of NYFC. D.Invest more to improve technology.

D
Childrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth,amajorstudywarned.
It found many youngsters(少年) now measure their status by how much public approval they get online,often through “likes”.Some change their behaviour in real life to improve their image on the web.
The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner(专员) Anne Longfield.She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks,with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends—to demand “likes” for their online posts.
The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly,and around the clock.
Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts.However,those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”,suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.
Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms,and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media”.
She said:“Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school.But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.”
As their world expanded,she said,children compared themselves to others online in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity,in terms of their confidence,but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves”.
Miss Longfield added:“Then there is this push to connect—if you go offline,will you miss something,will you miss out,will you show that you don’t care about those people you are following,all of those come together in a huge way at once.”
“For children it is very,very difficult to cope with emotionally.”The Children’s Commissioner for England’s study—LifeinLikes—found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.
However,the research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they headed toward their teens,they became increasingly anxious online.
By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular,the report found.
However,they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes,or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人) or more brilliant friends online.The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.
The Children’s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区) they faced online.And she said social media companies must also “take more responsibility”.They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early,or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
Javed Khan,of children’s charity Barnardo’s,said:“It’s vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.
“It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”
65.Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?
A.They were not provided with adequate equipment.
B.They were not well prepared for emotional risks.
C.They were required to give quick responses.
D.They were prevented from using mobile phones.
66.Some social app companies were to blame because 　　　. 
A.they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration
B.they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters
C.they encouraged youngsters to post more photos
D.they didn’t stop youngsters from staying up late
67.Children’s comparing themselves to others online may lead to 　　　. 
A.less friendliness to each other B.lower self-identity and confidence
C.an increase in online cheating D.a stronger desire to stay online
68.According to LifeinLikes,as children grew,they became more anxious to 　　　. 
A.circulate their posts quickly B.know the qualities of their posts
C.use mobile phones for play D.get more public approval
69.What should parents do to solve the problem?
A.Communicate more with secondary schools.
B.Urge media companies to create safer apps.
C.Keep track of children’s use of social media.
D.Forbid their children from visiting the web.
70.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.The influence of social media on children.
B.The importance of social media to children.
C.The problem in building a healthy relationship.
D.The measure to reduce risks from social media.
第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
HowArtsPromoteOurEconomy
When most people think of the arts,they imagine the end product,the beautiful painting,a wonderful piece of music,or an award-winning performance in the theater.But arts groups bring broader value to our communities.The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.
The arts create jobs that help develop the economy.Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists,technical experts,managers,musicians,or writers to create an appealing piece of art.These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.
Another group of folks is needed to help market the event.“If you build it they will come” is a misleading belief.Painters,digital media experts,photographers,booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event.According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition,arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.
A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect(连锁反应) throughout a community.In 2005,when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town,the location was considered a poor area of town.After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building,we began producing a full season of theater performances,jazz concerts,and year-round arts education programs in 2008.Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.
No doubt the theater has contributed to the area’s development and economic growth.Today,there are galleries,studios,restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences,where there is renewed life and energy.In this way,arts and culture also serve as a public good.
TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc.made use of Bloomberg’s investment of $35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period.Further,Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities.In Philadelphia,a metro area smaller than Dallas,the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 billion and support 44,000 jobs,80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry,including accountants,marketers,construction workers,hotel managers,printers,and other kinds of art workers.
The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported,the entire small-business community benefits.
It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit.But in order to stay in business,arts groups must produce returns.If you are a student studying the arts,chances are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B.But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.
Arts as an economic driver
Our communities (71)　▲　 from arts in terms of economy. 
(72)　▲　 of arts’ 
promoting our economy
Arts activity demands a(n) (73)　▲　 effort.It involves creation,performance,and (74) 　▲　. 
◆Artists make a living through their creative work.
◆Others get paid by marketing the event.
Arts have a gradually spreading (75)　▲　.They could help promote other industries whether they lie inside or outside arts. 
◆Besides tickets,some jazz lovers will pay their (76)　▲　 to and from the events. 
◆Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience and renew their energy.
Investment in arts could produce potential (77)　▲　 economic results. 
◆TeCo used a $35,000 art investment to attract an overall support of $400,000.
◆In Dallas,one dollar invested in arts could harvest an extraordinary return of nearly $300.
◆In Philadelphia the arts have created about 35,000 job opportunities for workers (78)　▲　 arts industry. 
Art students making a good living
With these (79)　▲　 in mind,art students need not worry about their career and have a(n) (80)　▲　 plan. 

第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)
81.请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Jiang6 July,Sunny
Our family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase.Two days ago,Mom asked me to find relevant information on the Internet.But the information I got was rich and varied,or even contradictory.Confused,I simply based my decision on the ratings.Within five minutes,we ordered the one we were satisfied with.This afternoon,Mom received the case and told me she liked it very much.
Su Hua6 July,Sunny
This morning,our family went out,hanging round in the downtown area.We found a rating of the Top Ten Restaurants,and went into one of them.We spent quite a lot of money,but were not happy.Mom complained a lot,and said that despite its high ratings,the food was not to our taste.I was puzzled.Should I believe in these ratings,or should I not?
【写作内容】
1.用约30个词概括上述利用排名(ratings)进行消费的现象;
2.谈谈你如何看待消费排名,然后用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

英语(江苏卷)
听力
1~5BCCBA　6~10BABCC
11~15ABAAC　16~20BCBCA
单项填空:
21.D　考查名词性从句。由主句“By boat is the only way to get here”可知,后面定语从句强调的是抵达的方式,所以用how引导表语从句,答案为D项。
22.C　考查动词。A项“指示,象征,显示”;B项“调查”;C项“模仿,仿照”;D项“改革,创新”。句意:小孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们会模仿他们看到的内容。由句意可知答案为C项。
23.B　考查定语从句。句意:无人驾驶是中国和其他国家处于同一起跑线的领域。分析句意和结构可知,此题考查定语从句,先行词为area,且在后面从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导从句。答案为B项。
24.B　考查情态动词。句意:很奇怪,他未经主人允许竟然就把书拿走了。It is+adj.(necessary/important/natural/strange...)+that sb.(should) do...结构用虚拟语气,其中should可以省略,所以答案为B项。
25.A　考查动词短语。句意:发展长江经济带是一项系统工程,需要清晰的设计蓝图和日程安排。A项“需要,要求”;B项“号召”;C项“取消”;D项“打电话,叫醒”。由句意可知答案为A项。
26.D　考查非谓语动词。句意:在此期间创造了大约13,500份新工作,超出了市场分析师预期的12,000份。分析句子可知,“Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period”为完整的句子,再结合选项可知后面应该是状语成分,且逻辑主语jobs和动词exceed“超越,超过”之间为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式。答案为D项。A项表示状语行为先发生,与句意不符。
27.A　考查时态。句意:村里社交生活丰富,我希望我还有机会更多地融入这样的生活。动词wish后面接宾语从句常用于虚拟语气,且当从句表达与现在事实相反的情况时从句的谓语部分应该用一般过去时,所以答案为A项。
28.C　考查日常交际用语。A项“那又怎么样”;B项“做吧,拿吧,去吧,说吧”;C项“加油,快点,算了吧”;D项“为什么,做什么用”。句意:——你猜怎么着?我得到了一张新年音乐会的票。——得了吧。你开玩笑吧。由句意可知答案为C项。
29.B　考查状语从句。句意:除非你好好睡觉,否则一两个晚上后你的注意力就无法集中,思维混乱并且缺乏活力。由句意可知应该用unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”。答案为B项。
30.A　考查时态和语态。句意:上个月我被派到村里去看一看在过去的两年间发展计划是如何实行的。分析句子可知,从句的时间状语是“in the past two years”,应该用完成时,且主句的谓语用的是过去时,所以从句的谓语应该用过去完成时。另外,由句意可知,动词短语carry out与从句主语the development plan为被动关系,所以答案为A项。
31.C　考查时态。句意:但愿到2025年我们就不用再彼此发送电子邮件了,因为到那时我们已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。由时间状语“in 2025”可知,句子应该用将来时,且从句的时间状语是“by then”,应该用完成时,所以此处应该用将来完成时。答案为C项。
32.D　考查名词。A项“任务,分配”;B项“协会,联合”;C项“获得,收获”;D项“假定,假设,设想”。句意:要努力搞清楚到底正在发生的是什么,而不是在假设的基础上行动。由句意可知答案为D项。
33.A　考查介词短语。A项“跟……一致,符合”;B项“作为答复”;C项“作为……的回报”;D项“对……表示敬意,为了纪念……”。句意:中国软实力不断增长,这与其在全球范围内获得的日益增长的称赞和理解相一致。由句意可知答案为A项。
34.B　考查形容词。A项“热衷的,强烈的,热心的”;B项“不情愿,勉强的”;C项“焦虑的,焦急的”;D项“准备好的,就绪的”。句意:尽管这家宾馆服务较差,但是经理却不愿花钱为员工进行充分的培训。由句意可知答案为B项。
35.D　考查习语。A项“非常高兴”;B项“狂笑”;C项“洗耳恭听”;D项“勃然大怒”。句意:——发生什么事了?你老板看起来非常生气。——你难道不知道他的秘书把机密报告泄露给媒体了吗?由句意可知答案为D项。
完形填空:
【语篇导读】投资不如意、丈夫患病,种种打击使得Moth夫妇几近崩溃。然而徒步旅行却奇迹般地让丈夫的身体减轻了病症,让妻子爱上了写作。
36.B　考查词义辨析。A项“折叠,草拟,排队”;B项“用光,用完”;C项“支持,堵塞,后退”;D项“保持,保养”。由该句意及上文“wrong investment”可知,这对夫妻投资失败,仅有的积蓄也都用来支付律师费了。答案为B项。
37.D　考查词义辨析。A项“柔和的,温柔的”;B项“共同的,普通的”;C项“可预防的,可阻止的”;D项“严肃的,严重的,认真的”。由第二段开头“Failing to find any other way out”可知,Moth的病很严重,找不到治疗方法,所以答案为D项。
38.A　考查词义辨析。A项“治愈,治疗方法”;B项“运气”;C项“关心,担心,照顾,喜爱”;D项“承诺,诺言”。没有治疗方法,只能减轻病痛。
39.B　考查前后照应。第二段提到“hiker(徒步旅行者)”,第四段第三句提到“hiking(徒步旅行)”,由此可知答案为B项。
40.D　考查词义辨析。A项“预料到的,期待的”;B项“吓人的,使人害怕的”;C项“令人失望的”;D项“惊人的”。前文提到Moth的疾病无法医治,而由下文第四段及第五段内容可知,Moth的病症奇迹般地减轻了,身体变得越来越好,甚至肌肉也变得比过去结实了。由此可知Moth身体的恢复是惊人的。答案为D项。
41.A　考查词义辨析。A项“预算”;B项“税收,收入”;C项“补偿,补救,赔偿,修正”;D项“津贴,补贴,零用钱”。由后文的“by living on boiled noodles”可知,夫妻两个在徒步旅行期间以面条为食,是为了节省旅行花费,缩减开支,所以答案为A项。
42.B　考查词义辨析。A项“频繁的”;B项“偶尔的,有时的”;C项“充分的,充足的”;D项“不断的,连续的”。前文提到夫妻两个破产、无家可归、Moth还患了重病、徒步旅行只能靠面条度日,由此可以推断汉堡也只是偶尔能吃到,所以答案为B项。
43.D　考查词义辨析。A项“不受欢迎的,不流行的”;B项“合法的,守法的”;C项“吸引人的”;D项“非法的,不合逻辑的”。由后文“To avoid being caught...”可知,在英国野外露营是非法的,所以答案为D项。
44.C　考查前后照应。为了避免被抓,夫妻两个不得不很晚才支起帐篷,早上很早就将其收起。由后文的“early”可知答案为C项。
45.A　考查背景常识。由句意可知,这里是把这对50来岁的夫妻现在的徒步旅行和他们20来岁时的徒步旅行做比较。根据常识判断,现在的体力自然无法和年轻时相比,所以答案为A项。
46.C　考查词义辨析。A项“滚动”;B项“流血”;C项“疼痛”;D项“抖动,颤抖”。年龄大了,再加上长时间徒步旅行,身体自然有些吃不消,浑身肌肉酸痛,需要洗澡放松。答案为C项。
47.A　考查词义辨析。A项“斗争,挣扎,努力,拼搏”;B项“进步”;C项“兴奋,激动”;D项“研究”。句意:同时,经过初步努力和坚持,通过每天辛苦地徒步旅行Moth发现他的病症不可思议地减轻了。答案为A项。
48.C　考查词义辨析。A项“发展,形成,产生,冲洗胶片”;B项“控制”;C项“减少,降低”;D项“增加,上涨”。徒步旅行使他的病痛有了不可思议地缓解,故答案为C项。
49.B　考查词义辨析。A项“最初,开始”;B项“最终”;C项“暂时地,临时地”;D项“因此”。句意:最终,这对夫妻发现他们的身体变得越来越好,而且在身上再次找到了他们原以为永远消失了的结实的肌肉。由句意可知答案为B项。
50.D　考查词义辨析。A项“获得,得到,收获”;B项“保持,维持”;C项“伤害”;D项“失去”。答案为D项。
51.C　考查词义辨析。A项“缝纫”;B项“洗”;C项“穿,戴,磨损”;D项“熨烫”。根据“Our hair was fried and falling out,nails broken”可知,他们的衣服也应该破烂成布条了。答案为C项。
52.D　考查前后照应。第一段提到夫妻两个因为投资失败而变得无家可归,由此可知应该选择D项。
53.B　考查词义辨析。A项“好地”;B项“部分地”;C项“整齐地,整洁地”;D项“最初地,原始地”。由下文“to keep writing the story”可知,这本书只是完成部分,所以答案为B项。
54.A　考查词义辨析。A项“选择”;B项“回报,报酬,酬金”;C项“诺言,承诺”;D项“破裂,休息,间断”。由后文内容可知,作者要做出选择,所以答案为A项。
55.C　考查前后照应。A项“松散的,自由的,模糊的”;B项“慢的,充分的,充实的”;C项“空白的”;D项“失去的,下落不明的”。由上文“an empty page”可知答案为C项。
阅读理解:
A篇:
【语篇导读】本文介绍大城市艺术博物馆的位置、入场费及景点等,旨在吸引游客参观。
56.C　细节理解题。由文中Admission中的“$25.00 recommended for adults...free for children under 12 with an adult”可知,11岁女孩免费,她的父母每人需交$25.00,所以选择C项。
57.B　细节理解题。由文中The Cloisters Museum and Gardens前两句可知,展品来源于中世纪,所以选择B项;A项与原文信息“Closed Thanksgiving Day,December 25,and January 1”不符;C项与“The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.”不符;D项原文未提到。
B篇:
【语篇导读】本文分析什么因素会影响饭店顾客吃什么、吃多少及人们对饭店的几种错误理解。
58.A　词义猜测题。由文章第三段中的“When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness,they couldn’t tell how much they’d had:those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else,but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller,and they were just as ready for dessert.”可知,在黑暗中进餐会吃更多东西,他们不会感觉饱,还能吃甜点。他们没有意识到比平时吃得多,所以选择A项。
59.A　细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round:put on some Mozart(莫扎特).When classical,rather than pop,music was playing,diners spent more.”可知,放古典音乐可使食客停留时间长并且点菜更多,所以选择A项。
60.D　主旨大意题。最后一段的主题句为“Meanwhile,things that you might expect to discourage spending—‘bad’ tables,crowding,high prices—don’t necessarily.”可知,人们对饭店有一些误解,所以选择D项。
C篇:
【语篇导读】本文讲述农业的特征,小农户面临的问题以及解决之道,及如何使农业获得可持续发展。
61.B　推理判断题。由第一段中的“If you want to disturb the car industry,you’d better have a few billion dollars:Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture,small farmers can get the best of the major players.”可知,汽车行业是一个需要巨额资金的行业,小作坊式的汽车制造商不可能打败大的汽车公司,而在农业中,小农户却能战胜大的农场主。因此,开篇的举例是为了说明“农业的特殊特征”,所以选择B项。
62.D　推理判断题。由第二段中的“It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.”可知,小农户也有可能战胜大农场主,所以选择D项。
63.C　推理判断题。由第三段中的“The sustainable success of small farmers,though,won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry.One crucial factor is secure access to land.Competition from investors,developers,and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.”可知答案为C项。
64.A　细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation”可知答案为A项。
D篇:
【语篇导读】社交媒体对10岁左右的少年儿童形成自我价值观起到了很大作用。科学研究已向人们发出警告,社交媒体对于还不能够正确处理自己情感的孩子们影响非常大。家长和社会媒体都要担负起责任,确保孩子在优良的社交环境中成长。
65.B　细节理解题。由文中第二段中的“She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks,with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.”可知,许多社交媒体的app让孩子们接触到情感风险问题,而他们并不具备处理网络上碰到的巨大压力的能力,由此推出答案为B项。
66.A　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.”可知,一些社交app要求用户的年龄应在13岁以上,但实际上并不充分核对用户的注册信息,所以答案为A项。
67.B　细节理解题。由第八段中的“As their world expanded,...but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves.”可知,孩子们把自己和网上其他人进行比较,损害自我认同和自信心,以及自我发展的能力。答案为B项。
68.D　细节理解题。由第五段中的“However,those in the 10 to 12 age group were ‘concerned with how many people like their posts’,suggesting a ‘need’ for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.”及第十一段中的“as they headed toward their teens,they became increasingly anxious online.”可知,孩子们年龄增长了,就更加注重其在网上的被认可度,心里容易变得焦虑,所以答案为D项。
69.C　推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段首句中的“schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区) they faced online”可知,学校和父母都应该关注孩子对于社交媒体的使用。答案为C项。
70.A　主旨大意题。本文主要阐述少年儿童在成长过程中因使用社交媒体而受到的各种影响,所以A项正确。
任务型阅读:
【语篇导读】说到艺术,人们通常想到的都是美丽的画作、优美的乐曲、获奖的表演等。事实上,艺术带给我们的社会价值要广阔得多。
71.benefit　由文章标题“How Arts Promote Our Economy”及表格前的总结“Arts as an economic driver”可知,文章强调艺术的经济价值,再结合题目中的from可考虑固定短语:benefit from“从……中受益”。
72.Ways　此题为总结题,是总结文章第二到六段内容的,主要从各个角度论述艺术对经济的影响方式,所以用ways。
73.joint/collective　由第二段中的“Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists,technical experts,managers,musicians,or writers to create an appealing piece of art.”可知,艺术活动是一种需要大家共同努力、团队合作的活动,所以用joint“共同的,联合的”或collective“集体的”。
74.promotion/marketing　由第三段中的“Another group of folks is needed to help market the event.”及“Painters,digital media experts,photographers...and promote the event.”可知,除了艺术相关人士外,其他人员也会参与艺术活动,负责营销和推广,所以此处用promotion/marketing。
75.effect　由第四段中的“A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect(连锁反应) throughout a community.”可知答案为effect,作为名词表示“影响”。
76.fares　由第四段中的“Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.”可知,他们会驾车或乘坐飞机;另外,再结合本题中的“Besides tickets”可知,除了票钱,还需要交交通费用,所以用fares。
77.positive　由文章第六段内容可知,此处用数据反复强调艺术投资可以带来经济效益。此题需要一个形容词修饰economic results,所以用positive,表示会产生“积极的”结果。
78.outside/beyond　由文章第六段中的“80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry”可知,此处用outside或beyond,表示艺术行业“以外”或“无关”的人。
79.statistics/data/analyses　由第六段提供的各种数据信息和分析可知,此处用statistics/data/analyses,表示“数据,数据分析”。
80.alternative　由最后一段中的“have a plan B”可知,这里有其他准备,所以用alternative,表示“可供选择的”,用来修饰plan。
书面表达
Possible version one:
As a major channel of consumption information,the rating is an efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption.Interestingly,the same rating may have different influences on different consumers.
I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase.Firstly,the higher rating means the higher quality of the product,or better service.Based on the ratings,I bought my beloved backpack,saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.Secondly,ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping.For example,there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.In that case,it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.
There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often closely related.It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards ratings.
Possible version two:
Nowadays,most commodities or services are rated through certain channels.These ratings,easy to access,are playing an increasingly important role in customers’ purchase decision.However,results are sometimes unsatisfactory.
There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers,but they are often misleading and unreliable.As we all know,most of the ratings are based on others’ judgment on the product or service concerned.Every judgment comes from a specific need or a unique psychological state.Apparently,blindly following others’ advice will affect our own judgment.Another fact should not be neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful manipulation of companies or sellers.It has become a common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services so as to increase their sales.
Therefore,we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping.