2022届广东省湛江市高三下学期3月一模试题（肇庆三模）英语word版含答案

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肇庆市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测

        英   语         2022.3

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Amazing Train Journeys

The Beijing to Lhasa Express, China

Departs daily;Distance-2,330 miles;Duration-40 hours

Linking the royal wonders of Beijing with the dreamlike palaces of Lhasa, the Z21 train travels from the modernity of urban China to a once-remote land. Running westward, the train climbs nearly 16,400 ft (5,000 m) on its journey to the roof of the world: the Tibetan Plateau.

London to Fort William on the Caledonian Sleeper,UK

Departs daily; Distance-509 miles; Duration-13 hours 30 minutes

This overnight train journey is filled with the romance of rail travel. It's just a pity that the whole experience-from dining-car chatting and light beer, to being carried into a la-la land by the rhythm of the rails and waking to bedside views of towering peaks-feels like it's over in a flash. Though it may be short, the Caledonian is surely Britain's best train ride.

Tazara Railway, Tanzania and Zambia

Departs twice a week;Distance-1,160 miles;Duration-46 hours

Few trains offer the chance of spotting big game from your seat, but the Tazara Railway does exactly that. For many, the highlight is neither the scenery nor the wildlife, though; it's the chance to spend two days watching everyday life out of the window, and enjoying the crowds and chaos when the train pulls to a stop.

Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway,Peru

Departs twice a week; Distance-241 miles;Duration-10 hours

Traveling across the Altiplano, from the shores of Lake Titicaca to the beating heart of the Inca capital, the railway from Puno to Cuzco cuts a picturesque path through the snow-dusted peaks and fantastic valleys of the Andes. Passengers can enjoy the landscape from an open-air observatory car, as they travel through remote towns and villages.

1.What do the first two train journeys have in common?

A.They make weekly departure.

B.They are over a thousand miles.

C.They travel to highlands.

D.They are the longest train rides nationwide.

2.On which journey can passengers watch people's daily life outside the train?

A.Tazara Railway.

B.The Beijing to Lhasa Express.

C.Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway.

D.London to Fort William on the Caledonian Sleeper.

3. What can passengers do on Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway?

A. Travel around Lake Titicaca.

B. Admire the view in the open air.

C.Go through two countries on a journey.

D. Have a deep understanding of towns and villages.

B

A hungry badger（獾） searching for food seems to have uncovered what turned out to be hundreds of Roman coins in a Spanish cave, according to a new study.

Archaeologists（考古学家）first discovered several coins laying on the ground at the entrance to a small cave in the woodlands outside Grado in northern Spain in April 2021. The researchers suspect that the coins were unearthed by a badger from a nearby den （兽窝） after a heavy snow which made it harder for animals to find food. The hungry badger probably got into the cave looking for food but came across the coins instead.

After fully exploring the cave, researchers collected 209 coins dating to between the third and fifth centuries A. D. “To date, this is the largest amount of Roman coins found in a cave in northern Spain,” the researchers wrote in their paper. They described the discovery as an “exceptional find”.

In the late 1930s, a collection of 14 gold Roman coins, known as the Chapipi treasure, was also found in the same woodlands. The researchers believe that local people may have buried their coins to keep them safe during a period of intense political instability in the region. The most recent coin in the newly-discovered Grado collection dates to A.D.430,which was after the Suebi-a group of Germanic people originally from modern-day Germany and the Czech Republic-pushed the Romans out of Spain in A. D. 409, according to El Pais.

The researchers suspect that the newly-discovered coins are part of a vaster treasure and will return to the cave for further exploration to look for more coins and evidence that the cave may also have been the home of displaced Roman people. “We want to know if it was a one-off hiding place, or if there was a group of humans living there,” lead researcher Alfonso Fanjul Peraza told El Pais.

4.Where did the researchers find the first few coins in 2021?

A.Near a Spanish cave.       B. On a Spanish playground.

C.At the entrance to a woodland.     D.In a badger's den.

5.What do the researchers think of the discovery in 2021?

A.It's dangerous.        B.It's timely.

C.It's meaningless.        D.It's unusual.

6. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 4?

A.The Romans.        B.The coins.

C.The woodlands.        D.The researchers.

7.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.More information may be revealed by the coins.

B.The ancient Roman people had a unique lifestyle.

C.The researchers doubt the former guess of the coins.

D.The researchers will return the coins to the Roman people.

C

It's an attractive idea: by playing online problem-solving, matching and other games for a few minutes a day, people can improve such mental abilities as reasoning, verbal skills（语言能力）and memory. But whether these games deliver on those promises is up for debate. “For every study that finds some evidence, there's an equal number of papers that find no evidence，” says Bobby Stojanoski， a cognitive（认知的）psychologist at Western University in Ontario.

Recently, in perhaps the biggest real-world study of these programs, Stojanoski and his team found 8,563 volunteers. First, participants filled out an online questionnaire about their training habits and which, if any, program they used. Some 1,009 participants reported using brain training programs for about eight months on average, though durations ranged from two weeks to more than five years. Next, the volunteers completed12 cognitive tests assessing memory, reasoning and verbal skills. They faced memory exercises, spatial reasoning tasks, pattern-finding puzzles and strategy challenges.

When researchers looked at the results, they saw that brain trainers on average had no mental edge over the other group in memory, verbal skills and reasoning. Even among those who had used training programs for at least 18 months, brain training didn't boost thinking abilities above the level of people who didn't use the programs.

“No matter how we sliced the data, we were unable to find any testimony that brain training was associated with cognitive abilities,” says Stojanoski. That held true whether the team analyzed participants by age, program used, education or socioeconomic status（地位）-all were cognitively similar to the group who didn’t use the programs.

“Brain training may be beneficial in specific situations, but real world may be the best brain trainer,” says Elizabeth Stine-Morrow, a cognitive aging scientist at the University of Illinois. While it's possible to improve mental abilities, Stine-Morrow advocates practicing those skills in different real-life situations, “That's a much better use of one's time than sitting at a computer and doing little tasks.”

8. What is the recent study mainly about?

A.The importance of memory.   B. The dark side of online games.

C.The effect of brain training games.  D.The way to improve mental abilities.

9.What were the volunteers asked to do in the first part of the study?

A.Report their daily habits.    B.Take some memory tests.

C.Receive some online training.   D.Complete a questionnaire.

10. What does the underlined word “testimony” mean in Paragraph 4?

A.Enhancement.  B.Evidence.  C.Solution.  D.Trouble.

11.What does Stine-Morrow say about mental abilities?

A.They need to be trained regularly.

B. They'll be harmed by using computers.

C.They may change in different situations.

D. They'll be improved through real-life tasks.

D

To tackle the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small. Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down.

Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University led the project. A decade ago, he chose to focus on the problem posed by microplastics. They're everywhere-from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. They've turned up in drinking water. Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the world's waters. The plastic has many sources, from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.

In lab experiments, the star-shaped swimmers stuck onto each of four different types of plastic. And after a week exposed to light, the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics. It wasn't much-only by percent. But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down. They also caused the surface of the plastic to change from smooth to rough. That's another sign that the robots were degrading （分解）it. The new study is a proof of concept type. That means it shows something can be done successfully.

In fact, Pumera says they still have a long way to go. There are many types of plastics. And even these microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading them all. The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment, although Pumera says that's their next goal. The first real-world test will be in a wastewater-treatment plant. “Indeed,” says one researcher. “We’ll need a lot of testing to show that they're safe in open waterways, such as at sea.”

12. The microrobots are powered by        

A.water   B.sunlight   C.plastics   D.pencils

13.What does the author focus on in Paragraph 2?

A. The purpose of Pumera's project.

B.The preciousness of drinking water.

C.The seriousness of plastic pollution.

D.The working principle of the microrobots.

14.What shows the effectiveness of the microrobots in lab experiments?

A.The weight loss of the plastics.

B.The disappearance of the plastics.

C.The shape change of the microrobots.

D.The improvement in the purity of water.

15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. Ways to Obtain Cleaner Drinking Water

B.Microrobots Invented to Treat Wastewater

C.New Hope for the Solution to Plastic Pollution

D.Technology Widely Applied in Environment Protection

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you have watched the amazing Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, chances are that you have fallen in love with some winter sports and you're already making sure your equipment is ready for them. 16 However, there's another element to get ready for the slopes（坡）-your body. Even if you exercise regularly， skiing， snowshoeing or skating challenges your muscles in ways other activities don't.

   17 Your metabolism（新陈代谢）increases to warm you up． Your heart and lungs also need to work harder to warm air before it enters your body. Depending on the sport, certain muscles may also be used more frequently compared to activities in other seasons. The good news is that most winter sports involve heart endurance（耐力），muscle strength and muscle endurance.              18             

But there are still some other things to think about. Skiing and snowboarding are great winter sports that provide a total body workout. 19              As anyone who has spent time skiing or snowboarding can prove, after a long day on the slopes, the body becomes extremely tired. 20 To avoid this, you need to take some time to strengthen your body and improve endurance. Before the winter season, a regular exercise program should include exercises that get the blood running while challenging the entire body, such as stair climbing or running. The intensity should vary from 20-45 minutes at least 3 to 5 days a week. As winter nears, adding a cardio（有氧的） workout longer in duration but lower in intensity can help increase endurance.

A. Maybe you haven't bought all the equipment.

B. And that is when injuries are more likely to occur.

C.Exercising in the cold decreases your body temperature.

D. You should take advantage of this opportunity to have a rest.

E.Probably, you have got your skis tuned and skates sharpened.

F. All of them are areas that can be trained before the winter season.

G. However, it can be hard on the body the first time you hit the slopes.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Standing in the store, I looked at the painting supplies excitedly.

“Are you sure these are what you want for your birthday?” my husband asked 21.

“I'm very sure. I really want to give ita 22 ,”I replied. I was smiling with 23 . He looked at me hesitantly and 24 his head.

   25,this was a secret I'd kept for a while. Every day, my husband went to work. I'd look after my son, clean the house and prepare dinner. It had been a decade since I took any time to pursue my own 26 ．I had become a drudge（苦工）．I wanted excitement and creative expression, but mostly I wanted colors. So I 27              the most interesting supplies.

“I have a feeling that you're going to put all these in a toolbox and never 28 them again,” my husband said.

For the first month, he was 29 . I put the supplies into a toolbox. I admired them every day, but I couldn't seem to find the time to start painting. I found one reason or another not to 30 .

One day, when my son caught me 31 the toolbox again, he asked curiously, “Mommy, when are you going to 32 ?”

“No 33 day than today,” I announced and brought out all the materials.

From then on, my house seemed to never be perfectly clean, but my life was full of 34.Most importantly, I no longer felt like a drudge. I had a new 35.

21.A.pleasantly   B.anxiously   C.awkwardly   D.doubtfully

22.A.break    B.go     C.miss    D.look

23.A.expectation   B.shame    C.agreement   D.pride

24.A.covered    B.bowed    C.hit     D.shook

25.A.Luckily    B.Generally   C.Frankly   D.Strangely

26.A.rights    B.hobbies   C.education   D.position

27.A.selected    B.admired   C.created    D.collected

28.A.buy     B.like    C.touch    D.fix

29.A.tolerant    B.wise    C.supportive   D.correct

30.A.fear     B.start    C.refuse    D.dream

31.A.working at   B.looking for   C.staring at   D.paying for

32.A.quit     B.remember   C.succeed   D.paint

33.A.busier    B.better    C.tougher    D.bigger

34.A.sufferings   B.achievements  C.colors    D.chances

35.A.purpose    B.memory   C.occupation   D.challenge

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Disha Florence never thought she would become a web novel writer. The lady from Bangladesh, was trying to find a way to free herself from the restrictions faced by a woman,36 wish she has had since she was 8. It was then that she observed that being a girl 37 (mean) she couldn't play in the park like boys, and that she needed to learn to do housework.

As she grew up, she realized that    38  experience and knowledge, it's impossible to be free. Therefore, while              39                            (continue) her study, Florence worked as a volunteer, going to places and meeting people with or without her parents' 40 (permit). Her father told her, “You need to make your own money to do as you wish.” Florence found this advice 41 (logic), but didn't know what to do.

At 22, she noticed on the Chinese reading app Webnovel that the website was hiring authors who 42 (say) to be able to make much money.

Without thinking 43 (far), Florence started writing and became a professional web novelist.   44 (inspire) by popular Chinese “CEO novels" on the app, Florence wrote her first book. This story about self-respect and self-love,               45 characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.

Now Florence has about 164,200 readers on Webnovel and is working on another two books.

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的美术老师Ms. Zhou将举办在线讲座，介绍四幅中国名画和中国画的创作技巧。请给你的英国朋友Thomas写一封邮件，邀请他观看，内容包括：

1．讲座内容；

2．邀请理由；

3．时间和观看方式。

注意：

1．写作词数应为80左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Be sure to hang the decorations high,” said Polly, my stepmom. “Jake might mistake the colorful glass balls for his toys and try to bite them.” Jake was new to our family that Christmas. He was a beautiful brown-and-white dog. And, of course, he was loaded with the curiosity that made everything a toy.

Two weeks before Christmas, we brought out the boxes of decorations, many of which had been in Polly's family for ages. Among them was a special box that held an entire gingerbread family（姜饼人）.They were real cookies， hung with red ribbons （丝带） and made many years earlier.

Every now and then, I or one of my little sisters-Ruth and Sue-would pretend we were going to eat one, knowing that Polly would say, “You’ll break a tooth! They're so old that they're rock-hard.” We didn't really want to eat them, but we enjoyed making fun of Polly.

Since we didn't know how Jake would react to the decorations or the Christmas tree， we were careful to put the decorations up high. Jake sniffed（嗅）the tree a lot. Those first couple of days, Polly caught him starting to lift a leg on the tree twice. But he learned quickly and settled for sniffing from a distance.

The weekend before Christmas, Dad and Polly took us to watch the new holiday movie. Excited, we jumped into the car with bags of home-made popcorn, and off we went for a great evening.

A few hours later, we returned home, only to find...a terrible mess. It wasn't the Christmas tree. In fact, we weren't sure what it was. We stood just inside the door staring at the mess. As it turned out, it was Jake's bed, which he'd destroyed. Left alone for the first time, he must have gotten bored, attacked it and left it for dead. We didn't know that the bed was not the only victim.

注意：

1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。