词汇晨读23- 江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测

 江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测(词汇晨读)23
说明：①本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题；
②凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。
(table—towards)
table n.①桌子，餐桌：Don’t leave any medicine on the table within reach of kids under five.
不要把任何药物放在5岁以下儿童够得着的桌上。
In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.在我们小的时候，奶奶提醒经常我们要注意我们的餐桌礼仪。
②表格：The result of the experiments can be seen in table 5.实验结果见表5。
【拓展】①at table在吃饭：He was at table when I called.我去拜访时，他正在吃饭。
②wait at tables/wait on tables/wait tables伺候进餐(尤指侍应等的工作)，在餐馆当服务生：
Mrs. Lake had to teach her new maid to wait on tables properly.
雷克夫人必须教会她的新佣人如何正确地伺候就餐。
I waited on tables for years to pay my college tuition.
我在餐馆做服务生很多年，付了我的大学学费。
对比：I am here waiting for you at the table near the entrance.
我在入口这个地方的这张桌子旁等你。
table tennis n.乒乓球：I play table tennis so well; however, even so I lost the match with Ma Long yesterday.
我乒乓球打得很好，但即使如此，昨天我还是输给了马龙。
tablet n.药片，丸，匾：
Take two of the tablets three times daily before meals.每日三次，每次两片，饭前服用。
One tablet will purify a liter of water.一丸即可净化一升水。
On the tablet are the Roman numerals for July 4, 1776.匾上的罗马数字写着1776年七月四日。
In order to satisfy the needs of the market, the electric company has switched its focus to tablet computers and smart mobile phones.为了满足市场的需求，这家电子公司已将业务重点转向平板电脑和智能手机。
tail n.①尾巴：The life of his company life will be as short as a rabbit’s tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
He checked behind. No tail.他看看身后——没有人跟着。
②尾部，尾状物：
He drove into the back of my truck and smashed the tail light.
他开车撞进我卡车的后部，把我的尾灯撞得粉碎。
She braids her hair in little tails.她把头发编成一根根小辫。
tailor n.裁缝：This tailor is famous for making good suit.这位裁缝以做高级西装而出名。
John is at the tailor’s for a fitting.约翰正在裁缝店试衣。
【拓展】tailor还可以作动词用：
It is very important to tailor your cover letter to the position you are applying for.
写求职信时，根据所申请的职位来量体裁衣也是十分重要的一点。
The account offered by the bank will be tailored exactly to your needs.
银行提供的账户将根据您的需要进行调整。
take(took, taken)v.
①拿，带，拿走：Take it away.把它拿走。
②握住，抓住，抱住：Please take my hand.请抓住我的手。
③带给，端给：Take her some flowers.=Take some flowers to her.带一些花给她。
④买：If it is cheap, I’ll take it.如果便宜，我就买下。
⑤乘，坐，搭(车船等)：She takes a bus to work everyday.她每天乘公交车去上班。
⑥花费：It took me an hour to write the letter.=The letter took me an hour(to write).我写这封信花了一个小时。
It takes a lot of money to buy a house.买一所房子要花一大笔钱。
⑦需要：It takes two men to do this.做这项工作需要两个人。/ It takes patience.做这工作需要耐心。
⑧进行，做：We took a walk after supper.晚饭后我们散步了。
(类似：take a bath洗个澡/take a rest休息一下)
⑨吃，喝，服用：Take your medicine.把药服下。
⑩容纳，装：The suitcase wouldn’t take another thing.这个衣箱再装不下别的东西了。
⑪获得，得到：to take(the)first place获得第一名
⑫理解，懂得：How do you take this passage?这段话你怎么理解？
⑬看待，认为：Do you take me for a fool?你以为我是个傻瓜吗?
⑭占(地方或时间)：The table takes too much space.这桌子占地方太多。
⑮认为，(错)当作：I took him for Mr. Smith.我错把他看成是史密斯先生。
【拓展】①take a chance冒险，碰运气：
After losing $20, 000 on my last business, I’m not taking a chance this time.
上次生意亏了20,000美元以后，我这次才不会冒险呢。
I don’t know if he’ll be home tonight or not, you’ll just have to take a chance.
我不知道他今晚是否会回家，你只得碰碰运气了。
②take account of考虑，take...into account把……考虑进去：
Before we come to a decision, we must make sure we have taken account of all the relevant facts.
在我们作出决定之前，我们必须确保考虑了所有有关的事实。
I hope my teacher will take into account the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she marks
my paper.我希望老师在阅卷时能考虑到我恰好在考试前生病的事实。
③take action采取行动，行动起来：
We must take action to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas. 
我们必须采取行动，在问题扩展到其他地区之前将其解决。
④take advantage of利用：
Don’t miss the bus! Take advantage of our free offer now! 
别失去机会！要利用我们现在免费提供的帮助。
⑤take after与……像：
The twins take after their mother.这对双胞胎和她们的父母很像。
⑥take a turn转，转弯：
Structural reform has made the enterprise take a turn for the better. 
体制改革使企业有了柳暗花明的转机。
With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a turn for the better.
受到其它饮食文化的鼓舞，美国的饮食文化正在向更好的方向转变。
But for the chances I was blessed with, my life could have easily taken a turn for the worse.
要不是我有幸有这样的机会，我的生活也许就可能会每况愈下。
对比：take turns轮班，换班，轮流：
The doctors take turns at participating in the mobile medical team.
医生们轮流参加巡回医疗队。
⑦take apart拆卸，拆开：
My little son likes to take apart his toy cars.我小儿子喜欢将玩具汽车拆开玩。
⑧take away(from)(从……)拿走，减去，解除：
He wants to know who have take away his dictionary.他想知道谁拿走了他的词典。
If you take four away from ten, that leaves six.十减去四得六。
⑨take back收回，接回，退回：
I’m sorry, I take back what I said.对不起，我收回我说过的话。
⑩take care of照顾，照料：She helped take care of her aged grandmother.她帮助照料年迈的祖母。
⑪take charge of负责/管理，take the charge of由……负责/管理：
Can David take charge of the international department?大卫能负责国际部吗？
The company has been taken the charge of him for many years.许多年来，公司一直由他管理。
⑫take down写下，拆下：
I didn’t take down his phone number.我没有记下他的电话号码。
They put up the bird table, but it got in everyone else’s way so Les tried to take it down. 
他们支起鸟食台，可是人人都嫌它碍事，所以莱斯就想把它拆了。
⑬take effect生效，起作用：
The new appointment of our president takes effect from the very beginning of next semester.
我们新校长的任命从下学期就开始生效。
⑭take hold of抓住，握住：
Take hold of your end of the stick, and we’ll pull you up.抓住棍子的那一端，我们把你拉上来。
⑮take in收留，包括，理解，欺骗：
So he took in the boy.所以他就收留了这个男孩。
I was taken in by her story.我被她的花言巧语蒙骗了。
⑯take it for granted(that从句)想当然，认为……是理所当然的：
Some cyclists take it for granted that traffic rules do not apply to them.
有些骑自行车的人认为交通规则对他们不适用是理所当然的。
⑰take notice of注意，关注：
Your coworkers and other supervisors will take notice of your hard work, and it will pay off. 
你的同事或其他主管会注意到你的努力工作，你的付出都是有回报的
We want the government to take notice of what we think they should do for single parents 
我们希望政府能够关注单亲父母，为他们做一些应该做的事。
⑱take off脱下，起飞，打折，请假，成功/(事业)腾飞，盛行，迅速流行：
When did the plane take off?飞机是什么时候起飞的？
He took two weeks off in August.他在八月份休假了两个星期。
After a slow start, the plan soon took off and was accepted by all.
计划开始进展很慢，但很快见成效了，而且被大家所接受。
After many years’ hard work, his career really took off and he became world famous.
在多年的努力工作之后，他的事业真正的腾飞了，蜚声世界。
⑲take on承担，聘用，雇用，呈现，显现：
He is unwilling to take on heavy responsibilities.他不愿承担重任。
Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month.我们厂下个月将再雇佣20名工人。
Her face took on a new expression.她的脸上露出了新的表情。
Then your company must take on a new look now.那你们公司现在肯定呈现出一番新的面貌了。
⑳take out取出，拔掉，去掉：
If you lay up a car for the winter, you should take out the battery.
如果冬天把车闲搁在汽车房里，就该取出电瓶。
How many teeth did the dentist take out?牙科医生给患者拔了几颗牙？
He took out the pencil marks from his drawing.他把面上的铅笔印擦掉。
㉑take over接替，接管，继承，取代，控制：
Who will take over his job?他的工作由谁来接替？
I was assigned to take over your position.我被指派接任你的位置。
The military took over the government.军方接管了政府。
Struggle not to let negative ideas take over.努力不让消极的想法左右你(控制你)。
㉒take part in参加：
Two students in our school will take part in the sports meeting tomorrow.
我们学校的两名学生将参加明天的运动会。
㉓take place发生，举行：
Nanjing is no longer what it was. Great changes have taken place in the past few years.
南京不再是原来的样子了。过去几年发生了巨大变化。
When does the wedding take place?什么时候举行婚礼？
对比：take the place of代替和take sb’s place代替某人：
Nothing can ever take the place of real love and family togetherness.
什么都不能取代真爱与家庭和睦。
Lao Wang is absent today. who'll take his place?今天老王没来，谁代替他？
㉔take responsibility for sth.对……负责：
One should take responsibility for what he has done.一个人应该对自己的所作所为负责。
㉕take root扎根，生根，深入人心：
The seedlings of bushes and trees might take root there.
灌木和树的幼苗也许可以在那里扎根生长。
Time would be needed for democracy to take root.民主观念要深入人心需要时间。
㉖take shape成形：
Our plan is beginning to take shape.我们的计划开始成形了。
㉗take to开始喜欢，对……产生好感，开始沉湎于，养成……习惯：
He took to Mary as soon as they met.他一见玛丽就爱上了她。
I didn’t take to her at all.我从来没对她产生过好感。
He hasn’t taken to his new school.他还没喜欢上新学校。
She gave up painting and took to sculpture.她放弃了绘画，搞起了雕塑。
㉘take up开始(学习或从事等)，继续，占去，接纳，提出：
He dropped medicine and took up physics.他放弃学医，开始学物理。
They take up too much space.它们占了太多空间。
You should take up my suggestion and start saving money.你应该接受我的建议，开始存钱。
㉙有关交际用语：
—I’m afraid I’ll come back in an hour.
—There is no need to rush back. Just take your time.
“恐怕我一小时后回来。”“没必要匆匆赶回来。不要着急，慢慢来。
—What’s wrong with my stomach?
—There is nothing serious; you can take it easy.
“我的胃怎么了？”
“没什么严重的，你就别紧张了。”
—I feel terrible. I didn’t do well in the math test.
—Don’t take it too hard. You’re already making progress and will surely learn it well.
“我感觉很糟糕。我这次数学考试做得不好。”
“不要难过，你已经取得进步了，而且肯定会学好的。”
tale n.故事，传说：
Is there anybody who can tell a fairy tale? 有人能讲童话故事吗？
This is a folk tale.这是一个民间传说。
talent n.①天资，天赋，才能：
My sister has a talent for music.我妹妹有音乐才能。
He doesn’t have a natural talent for music but he makes up for it with hard work.
他没有音乐天赋，但他通过努力弥补了这一点。
Her talents are well known.人人都知道她很有才干。
②(集合用法)有才能的人，天才，人才：
What they need most is managerial talent.他们最需要的是管理人才。
【拓展】talented adj.有才能的，有才干的，能干的，才华横溢的：
In terms of skills, David is believed to be one of the best and most talented basketball players in
our team.就技术而言，大卫被认为是我们队中最优秀、最有天赋的篮球运动员之一。
He was not only talented but immensely popular with his colleagues. 
他不仅才华横溢，而且深受同事的喜爱。
talk v.①谈话，说话，交谈：
Come here! I want to talk to you.到这里来，我想和你谈话。
Anne is not an easy person to talk to.安妮可不是个好说话的人。
②说闲话，搬弄是非，议论：You can not stay here; people will talk.你不能呆在这里，人家要说闲话的。③讨论，商谈：Could we talk business after dinner?晚餐后谈公事行吗？
n.①谈话，讲话，报告：We had a long talk.我们谈了很久。
②空谈：There is too much talk, and not enough work.说得太多，做得不够。
【拓展】①talk about谈论：
Today we are going to talk about the effects of smog on the environment.
今天我们要讨论的是雾霾对环境的影响。
②talk back回嘴，顶嘴：He should not talk back to his mother.他不应该和他妈妈顶嘴。
③talk of谈到，谈起：He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own.
谈到其他文化时，他好像对这些文化比对他自己的文化更熟悉似的。
④talk out直率的谈出来：
He wished he could talk things out with her.他想和她坦率谈谈。
Let her talk out her ideas for a while before you begin asking questions. 
在你问问题前，先让她花些时间把她的想法说出来。
Talk out your problems. Do not keep them bottled up.把问题说出来，别都憋在心里。
⑤talk to/with与……说话/谈话，交谈：
A high definition digital camera on this cell phone can show you vividly what is around the person you are talking to.这款手机上的高清数码相机可让你清楚地看到和你说话的人周围的一切。
I want to talk with your father.我想同你父亲交谈交谈。
⑥talk sb. into(out of)doing sth.劝说/说服某人(不)做某事：
He talked his father into lending him the car.他说服他的父亲把汽车借给他。
Jim wants to give up his job; can you talk him out of such a foolish idea？
吉姆想辞职，你能否劝他放弃这个愚蠢的想法？
⑦talk over讨论，商量：
I have an important matter to talk over with you.我有件重要事要与讨论/商量。
⑧A great talker is a great liar说大话者多谎言。
tall adj.高(大)的：She is taller than me.她比我高。
The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。
tank n.①箱，罐，槽：
Is there any water left in the water tank?水箱里还有水剩下吗？
The pipes have oil or water, which is heated and sent to the storage tank until needed to produce electricity.该管道内有油或者水，直到需要发电时，才会将油或者水加热并送入存储罐中。
②坦克：To wipe out the resistant force, they declared that they had put army including advanced tanks and fighter-planes in place.为了消灭敌对势力，他们宣布包括先进的坦克和战斗机在内的部队已经准备就绪。
tap n.①(自来水、煤气等的)龙头：Do not leave the taps running.别让水龙头开着。
②轻拍，轻敲：
He felt a tap on his shoulder.他觉得有人轻拍他的肩膀。
There was a tap on the window.有人在轻叩窗户。
【拓展】tap还可以用作动词：
She tapped me on the shoulder and teased me about my hair.她拍拍我的肩膀，取笑我的头发。
tape n.①磁带：A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.
用于语言实验室的一系列预录磁带已经准备好了。
Cassette tape recorders are gradually out of date now.现在盒式磁带录音机渐渐过时了。
②带子，胶带：Using silver tape, they taped all the doors and windows shut.
他们用银色的胶带将所有的门窗都封起来了。
target n.靶子，标的，目标，对象：
I aimed at the target but hit the wall.我瞄准了靶射击，但却打在了墙上。
Set yourself targets that you can reasonably hope to achieve.给自己制订有望达到的指标。
v.把……作为目标，瞄准：
This is a new magazine that targets single men.这是一份以单身汉为读者群的新杂志。
The company has targeted adults as its primary customers. 
这家公司将成年人作为其主要顾客。
The two sides had decided not to target each other with the strategic nuclear weapons under their respective control.双方决定。不把各自控制下的战略核武器瞄准对方。
task n.任务，工作：Your first task will be to type these letters.你第一件工作是打好这些信件。
Kapil sibal, the talented and energetic minister for human resource development has a herculean task ahead.
在卡皮尔•席保这位有才干的、精力充沛的人力资源发展部长面前，横亘着大量艰巨的任务。
taste n.①味觉：Taste is one of the five senses.味觉是人的五种感觉功能之一。
②味道，滋味：I like the taste of bananas.我喜欢香蕉的味道。
③品尝：Do have a taste of this tea.请尝一尝这种茶。
v.品尝，尝味,，尝起来，有……味道：
Tasting terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。
To taste sweet, the food should be made by adding more sugar.为了尝起来甜，食物应该加更多的糖。
It’s been 13 years since they last tasted victory.他们已经有13年没有体验胜利的滋味了。
These oranges taste good.这些橘子味道很好。
(表示“尝起来”、“有……味道”时，是连系动词，其后可接形容词作表语，并且形容词前不能用to be，但不接副词；另外，此时尽管从汉语意思来看具有被动意味，但不用被动语态。)
【拓展】①develop a taste for喜欢上……：
While she was in Paris, she developed a taste for fine art.她在巴黎时喜欢上了优秀艺术。
②to one’s taste合某人的口味，合某人的意：The plan is just to my taste.这个计划正合我的意。
③tasteless adj.无味的，粗俗的，无鉴赏力的，平庸的：
The sauce was thin and tasteless.这酱汁淡而无味。
It was tasteless of you to say that.你说那种话真是庸俗。
She is a temperamental person and likes to make tasteless jokes.
她是个喜怒无常的人，而且喜欢开粗俗的玩笑。
The old city is increasingly disfigured by tasteless new buildings.
这座老城的市容越来越多地被平庸的新建筑物所破坏了。
tasty adj.味道好的，美味的：
That cook makes tasty food.那个厨师做的饭菜味道很好。
Could you tell me the trick of making such tasty cakes?你能告诉我做如此美味蛋糕的诀窍吗？
tax n.税，税款：How much income tax did you pay last year?去年你交了多少所得税？
taxi n.出租汽车：He took a taxi to the station.=He went to the station by taxi.他坐出租车去车站。
taxpayer n.纳税人：
The new 37th issue of National Savings Certificates is a must for any taxpayer.
新发行的第37期国家储蓄债券是任何一个纳税人的必然之选。
tea n.茶：Have a cup of tea!喝杯茶吧！
Mother is making(the)tea.母亲在泡茶。
teach(taught, taught)v.教：
Who teaches you English?=Who teaches English to you?谁教你英语？
He taught me how to swim.他教我游泳。
teacher n.教师，老师，教员：
I asked the teacher for her advice.我征求这位老师的意见。
These foreign teacher came from Australia.这些外籍教师/教员来自澳大利亚。
team n.队，组，团队：
A cricket team is comprised of eleven players.一个板球队由11名队员组成。
Tom and his team were the first people to show how the disease spreads from animals to human.
汤姆和他的团队第一个证明了这种疾病是如何由动物传播给人类的。
teamwork n.合作，协同工作：
They showed ever exceptionally good teamwork.他们合作得非常之好。
Teamwork, for many of us, is a big switch from how we’re accustomed to functioning.
对我们中的许多人来说，团队工作极大的改变了我们习惯的工作模式。
teapot n.茶壶：I broke the teapot carelessly.我不小心打破了茶壶。
tear1 n.(常用复)眼泪：
The story moved her to tears.这故事使她感动得流泪。
Andy Murray couldn’t hold back the tears after winning gold in Rio 2016 Olympic tennis final.
安迪·穆雷在赢得2016年里约热内卢奥运会网球决赛后忍不住流下热泪。
The reason why I burst into tears is that I don’t want to part with my mother.
我突然哭起来的原因是我不想和我的母亲分开。
She left the room in tears so I went after her.她流着泪离开了房间，所以我随后追了出去。
tear2(tore, torn)v.撕裂，撕开，弄穿：
While looking thin, this kind of paper doesn’t tear easily.虽然这种纸看起来很薄，但不容易撕破。
I tore my shirt on that nail.我的衬衫给钉子剐破了。
【拓展】①tear apart撕开； 拆散，使分裂：
She scored the paper and tore it apart.她把纸压出折痕，然而将其撕开。
The quarrel tore the party apart.这次争吵导致该党出现分裂。
War and revolution have torn families apart.战争和革命导致许多家庭妻离子散。
②tear up撕毁：He tore up the agreement at the meeting in public and left angrily.
他在会议室当众撕毁协议，生气的走开了。
③tear down拆除：They have torn down that dangerous wall.他们已拆除了那堵危墙。
Many old residential areas were torn down in favor of new modern communities.
很多老居民区因为要建设新的现代社区而被拆掉。
④tear into(常指失控或危险地)奔，冲，闯 ：
The door flew open and Miranda tore into the room.门猛地开了，米兰达闯进房间。
⑤not tear oneself away from看某物看得入迷而舍不得离开：
The exhibition was really amazing. Many visitors wouldn’t tear themselves away from the
paintings.展览真是棒极了。很多参观的人看那些展出的画看得入迷而舍不得离开。
The beautiful scenery beyond the mountain was so beautiful that the tourists couldn’t tear
themselves away from it.山那边的风景是如此的美丽，以至于游客们依依不舍。
tease v.逗弄，取笑，戏弄：
It’s too bad of you to tease the child like that.你那样逗弄小孩真不好。
Don’t tease the disabled!不要取笑残疾人。
Don’t take it seriously. He’s only teasing.别把它当真，他只不过是在开玩笑而已。
technical adj.技术的，专业的：
The flight was delayed owing to technical reasons.这次飞行由于技术的原因而被推迟。
The article is full of technical terms.这篇文章满篇皆是专业术语。
technique n.技术，技巧，方法：
Her technique has improved a lot over the past season.
在过去的一个赛季里，她的技术大有长进。
Writing poetry requires great technique.写诗需要极大的技巧。
They decided to adopt advanced techniques.他们决定采用先进技术。
The artist combines different techniques in the same painting.
这位艺术家在同一幅画中把不同的技巧结合在一起。
technology n.技术：Modern technology develops quickly.现代技术发展很快。
Computer technology is changing the world.电脑技术正在改变世界。
【拓展】technique 表示“技术”，是针对方法和技巧而言的，所以它通常可译为“技艺”或“技巧”等，尤其指音乐、艺术、体育、写作等方面的“技巧”。视含义的具体与抽象可用作可数或不可数名词：
What is a modern education technique?什么是现代教育技术？
Technique must be gained by practice.技巧须通过实践获得。
You should improve your writing technique.你要提高你的写作技巧。
technology 表示“技术”，通常指工业技术或科学技术等，是指科学知识在实践(或某一行业的实践)中的总体运用，其含义较抽象，通常是不可数名词：
Modern life depends on good technology.现代生活依赖先进的技术。
Laser technology is advancing rapidly.激光技术在迅速发展。
Compute (Medical) technology is changing the world.电脑(医疗)技术正在改变世界。
注：有时表示“技术水平”：
How good is the technology of these machines?这些机器技术水平如何?
teenager n.(13—19岁的)青少年，十几岁的少年：It is not easy to educate teenagers.教育青少年是不容易的事。
telescope n.望远镜：What is the range of this telescope?这架望远镜的有效距离多大？
television n.电视，电视机(= television set)：
His first film was shown on television this weekend.他的第一部电影本周末在电视上播放。
He turned up the volume on the television.他把电视机的音量调大了。
tell(told, told)v.
①告诉：Don’t tell anyone.不要告诉任何人。
②分辨，区分：I cannot tell which is which.我分不清哪个是哪个。
You are now learning how to tell them apart.现在你正在学习如何区分它们。
I have a hard time telling the twins apart.我很难区分这对双胞胎。
By feeling we tell what is hard from what is soft.凭感触分辨软与硬。
③显示，表明：This light tells you if the machine is on.如果机器开着，灯光会显示出来。
④看出，知道：It’s impossible to tell who will win.无法预知谁能获胜。
temperature n.①温度，气温：The temperature was 10℃ this morning.今天早上气温是摄氏10度。
②体温：Have you taken his temperature?你给他测量体温了吗？
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的：
My love for you is not a temporary madness.我对你的爱意，并不是暂时的疯狂。
The huts can be made into temporary houses.这些简陋的小屋可改装为临时住宅。
tend v.①照管，照料，看护：Mother being ill, he had to tend her at home.母亲病了，他得在家照料她。
②倾向，趋于：I tend to think that she is right.我倾向于认为她是对的。
Women tend to live longer than men.女人通常比男人长寿。
③朝……方面：Prices are tending upward.物价在上涨。
tendency n.倾向，趋势：It shows a tendency to improve.它显示出有改善的倾向。
Many people, who are tired of the fast and competitive urban life, have a tendency to long for the old way of rural life.许多人厌倦了快节奏和充满竞争的都市生活，倾向向往旧式的农村生活。
It is a fact that there is a tendency towards regional cooperation.民族的融合是个趋势，这是事实。
tennis n.网球(运动)：Do you play tennis?你打网球吗？
tense adj.①拉紧的：Is the rope tense?绳子拉紧了吗？
②紧张的，焦虑的：It was a tense game.那是一场紧张的比赛。
n.时态：We ask and answer questions using the present continuous tense like this.
我们用现在进行时态像这样提问和回答问题。
tension n.①伸张，拉紧，紧张：
The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the crowd.
这种紧张情绪很快感染了人群中所有的人。
②(精神)紧张，焦虑：A mother feels tension when her baby is ill.小孩生病时母亲会紧张。
③(个人、国家间的)紧张状态：
The tension in the Far East is building up again.中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。
tent n.帐篷：He pulled down the tent.他拆了帐篷。
They spent the night in a tent.他们在帐篷里过夜。
term n.①学期：When is the end-of-term examination？期末考试什么时候举行？
②术语，名称，称呼：I don’t know these scientific terms.我不懂这些科学术语。
③(只用复)条款，条项：What are the terms of the peace treaty?和约的条款是什么？
④期间，任期，期限：He had a short term of imprisonment.他曾服过短期徒刑。
【拓展】①on good(bad)terms with sb.与某人关系好(不好)：
The boss is on good terms with his staff.老板和他的员工相处得很好。
②in terms of以……观点，就……而言，谈到，在……方面：
In terms of working experience and ability, I believe Tom is equal to this job.
就工作经验和能力而言，我相信汤姆能胜任这份工作。
It was a bad year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality.
今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。
We shouldn’t judge a student only in terms of how good his or her marks are in the exam.
我们不能仅仅依据他或者她的分数在考试中是如何好来评判一个学生。
terminal n.(汽车、飞机等)终点站，总站：
We had hoped to catch the 10:30 train, but it was gone when we reached the terminal.
我们原本希望赶上10:30的火车，但当我们到达终点站时，火车已经开走了。
adj.①学期末的，期终的，终点的，末端的：
I regret to say that I failed to rank first in the terminal/final exam.很遗憾我在期末考试中没有考第一。
Therefore, the person is the jumping-off point of education, is also the educational terminal point.
因此，人是教育的起点，也是教育的终点。
②临终的，晚期的：He has terminal lung cancer.他患有晚期肺癌。
terrible adj.可怕的，糟糕的，严重的：
If they had any respect for human life they wouldn’t do such terrible things.
他们如果还顾及人的生命就不会做出这样可怕的事来。
Unlike my sister, I am a terrible cook.和我妹妹不同的是，我是一个糟糕的厨师。
The newspaper didn’t allow reporting the terrible accident.这家报纸不允许报道那起严重事故。
terrify v.使恐怖，使害怕，威胁：
You terrify me!吓我一跳!
The thought of dying slowly and painfully terrified me.缓慢而痛苦地死去的想法使我恐惧不已。
She was terrified that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.她吓坏了，生怕龙尼会绑架萨姆。
It was a terrifying experience.那是一次可怕的经历。
【拓展】①terrified感到害怕的(心理感受，修饰人，以及人的眼神，表情等等)，terrifying令人害怕
的(事物或事情所具有的特征)：
The old lady was terrified at the thought of the terrifying experience in the forest.
老太太一想到森林里可怕的经历就害怕。
From her terrified look, we could see the girls was terrified of the stranger.
从她害怕的表情来看，我们可以看出这个小女孩非常害怕这个陌生人。
②terrific adj.了不起的，极好的，异乎寻常的：
Fish and potato makes a terrific combination. It is one of the most common snacks there.
鱼和土豆完美结合。它是那里最常见的小吃之一。
Come close, everybody! Look at this closely, and you will find something terrific.
大家快过来！仔细看，你会发现一些很棒的东西。
territory n.领地，领土，版图，领域，范围：
The government denies that any of its territory is under rebel control.
政府否认有领土被反叛分子所控制。
He toured some of the disputed territories now under UN control. 
他去一些目前由联合国接管的争议地区巡视了一番。
Israel captured the territory in the 1967 War.在1967年的战争中，以色列占领了这块领土。
terror n.①恐怖：I have a feeling of terror.我有种恐怖感。
②恐怖的事(原因)，可怕的人或物，讨厌的人(物)：
The terrors of the night were past.夜间那些恐怖的事情都已经成为过去。
His terror is so great that he can do nothing.他惊骇万分以致什么事都不能做。
Mandy ran out of the burning house in terror.曼蒂惊慌地跑出着火的房子。
【拓展】terrorism n.恐怖主义，恐怖手段：
China has won a good reputation for fighting against terrorism, which poses great threat to
world peace.中国在反恐方面赢得了很好的名声，而恐怖主义威胁着整个世界。
test v.测验，检验，检查，测试：
I must have my eyes tested.我的眼睛必须检查一下。
The teacher tested the children on their homework.老师就孩子们的家庭作业进行检查。
We have a few reports on English being tested twice a year in the College Entrance Examination, which has aroused a growing concern among us.
我们听说了一些关于在高考中英语一年两考的报道，这引起了人们的广泛担忧。
The robot Tony was said to have been tested out already in Larry’s house before he returned.
据说机器人托尼回来之前已经在拉里家里测试过了。
n.考试，检验：I passed my driving test today.我今天通过了驾驶考试。
Our teacher gave us a spelling test.老师给我们做了拼写测验。
text n.课文，正文，原文：
Read the text first and then explain the new words.先读课文，然后解释生词。
The text is accompanied by illustrations.正文附有插图。
He studied Shakespeare’s texts.他学习了莎士比亚的原作。
The translation should fully express the meaning of the original text.译文应充分地表达原文的意思。
textbook n.课本，教科书：That old edition won’t do for a textbook.那一老版本作为教科书是不行的。
than conj.& prep比：
She gets up earlier than I(do).她起床比我早。
It is hurting worse than before.比以前疼得更厉害了。
She is busier than ever.她比过去任何时候都忙。
She gets up earlier than me.她起床比我早。
【拓展】①more than超过，不仅仅：
Whether you will be admitted to a famous university is more than I can tell.
你是否会被著名大学录取已经超过了我能够辨别的范围。
Appreciating poetry is more than getting to know the structure of every sentence.
欣赏诗歌不仅仅是了解每个句子的结构。
②other than除了……，除……之外：
There’s nobody here other than me.除了我这里没别人。
By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, which can be very eye-opening and rewarding.通过为他人服务，一个人会把注意力集中在自己以外的人身上，这会让人睁大眼睛，获得回报。
③rather than而不是：
We are told that a business letter should be written in a formal style rather than in a
personal style.我们被告知，商业信函应以正式文体而不是个人文体书写。
You rather than I am going to go camping.你而不是我要去露营。
(当主语后有rather than“而不是”时，谓语动词与最前面的主语保持一致。)
④rather…than…(在两者之间，用于引入较不喜欢的一项)：
I’d rather play football than go swimming.我宁可去踢足球也不去游泳。
thank v.感谢，致谢，道谢：Thank you for inviting me.感谢你的邀请。
I thanked him and left.我对他道了谢就走了。
n.(常用复)谢意，感谢：Thanks. Many thanks./Thanks a lot./Thanks very much.多谢。
Thanks for helping me.感谢你帮助我。
【拓展】thanks to prep.多亏，由于：
Thanks to his gift for learning a foreign language, Bill can communicate with people freely in the
country now.多亏了他学习外语的天分，比尔现在在这个国家可以自由地与人交流。
Thanks to the angle at which he stood, he could just see the sunset.
由于站的位置视角好，他刚好能看见日落。
thankful adj.感谢的，庆幸的，非常高兴的：
So enthusiastic is the nurse that the patient can never be too thankful to her.
这个护士是如此的热心，以至于那位患者再怎么感谢她都不为过。
I was thankful that I caught the train.我真高兴我赶上了火车。
that adj.那个：That book isn’t mine. I guess it belongs to Mike.那本书不是我的，我猜大概是麦克的。
pron.①那个，那：That seems a good idea.这似乎是个好主意。
②(关系代词，引导定语从句)：Have you got everything that you need?你需要的东西都有了吗？
conj.(用于引导名词从句或状语从句以及强调句型)：
I know that he is very busy.我知道他很忙。
It’s a pity that he didn’t come.很遗憾他没来。
I’ll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself. 
我把所有事实都告诉你，以便你自己作出判断。
He is so clever that we like him very much.他如此聪明，以致于我们很喜欢他。
Now that you are here, you’d better stay.既然你已经来了，最好还是住下。
It is not Tom but Jill that sings best in our class.我们班歌唱得最好的是吉尔而非汤姆。
Yoga has gained increasing popularity in that it is believed to be able to prevent muscle tension and stiffness thus keeping the body flexible.瑜伽越来越受欢迎，因为它被认为能够防止肌肉紧张和僵硬，从而保持身体的灵活性。
【拓展】that is, that is (to say)也就是说，即，换句话说：
He’s a local government administrator, that is to say, a civil servant.
他是地方政府的行政官员，也就是公务员。
You’ll find her very helpful─if she’s not too busy, that is.
你会觉得她很肯帮忙，那是说如果她不太忙的话。
adv.那么：I’m sorry, I hadn’t expected the situation would become that bad.
对不起，我没有料到情况会变得那么糟糕。
I can’t believe that he was that good an actor(=so good an actor=such a good actor) 
我真不敢相信他是那么好的一个演员。
the art.表类别，指已提到的人或物，指说话人与听者已知的人或物，用于独一无二的事物前，与比较级、最高级和序数词连用等等：
The lion is a wild animal.狮子是一种野生动物。
Pass me the magazine on the desk.请把桌上的杂志递给我。
He was the first to come.他是第一个来的。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
He likes you the best.他最喜欢你。
The more learned a man is, the more modest be usually become.一个人学得越多，他就越可能更谦虚。
He plays the piano very well.他的钢琴弹得很好。
The Smiths live next to us.史密斯一家就住在我们隔壁。
He hit her on the nose.他打了她的鼻子。
theatre(Am theater) n.剧场，戏院：There is a ban on smoking in the theatre.剧场内禁止吸烟。
theft n.盗窃：The man was sent to prison for theft. 此人由于偷窃而坐牢。
their pron.他们/她们/它们的(形容词性物主代词)：
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。
We have no idea how the birds find their way.我们不知道这些鸟如何找到它们的路。
theirs pron.他们/她们/它们的(名词性物主代词)：
So far as I know, our football team is more advanced than theirs.
就我所知，我们的足球队比他们的有实力。
They were off to visit a friend of theirs.他们动身去拜访他们的朋友。
Mine is here, and theirs are on the table.我的在这里，他们的在桌子上。
them pron.①他们/她们/它们(宾格)：
Let’s go visit them.让我们去拜访他们吧。
Don’t bend the wires down, it’ll break them.不要弯折那些线，会弄坏它们的。
②性别不详的人(代替him或her)：
If anyone arrives early, ask them to wait.如果有人早到，就让他们等会儿。
If a customer came in before I get back, ask them to wait.
我回来之前若有顾客来，就请他等一会儿。
theme n.主题，题目，主旋律：
What is the essential theme of the play?这剧本的主题是什麽？
The theme of our discussion was Europe in the 1980’s’.我们讨论的题目是“八十年代的欧洲”。.
A slow theme introduces the first movement.第一乐章以缓慢的主旋律开始。
themselves pron.①他们/她们/它们自己：
They demand the right to govern themselves.他们要求自治权。
They themselves made the decision.他们自己做的决定。
They finished the work by themselves.他们自己完成了这项工作。
②他们/她们/它们亲自：They painted the house themselves.他们亲自油漆了房屋。
③指性别不详的人时用以代替：Everyone has to look after themselves.每人必须照顾好自己。
then adv. ①当时，那时：I am afraid I will be on holiday then.到时我恐怕度假去了。
②于是，接着：I had a drink, then I went home.我喝了一杯酒，然后就回家了。
③那么，就：If you do not feel well, then go home early.如果你感到不舒服，就早点回家吧。
【拓展】now and then有时，时而，不时，间或：
It’s too hot. I have to take a cold shower every now and then.
天太热了，我时不时就要冲一下凉。
theoretical adj.理论(上)的，推想的，推理的，假设的：
His suggestions are only theoretical and have not been tested.
他的建议仅仅的理论上的，还没有经过检验。
theory n.理论，学说，原理：
We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际工作中去，因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。
Without practice there would be no theory.没有实践就没有理论。
In theory, the buyer could ask the seller to have a test carried out.
理论上，买方可以要求卖方进行一次测试。
there int.①(表安慰)好了，好啦：There, there! Go to sleep.好了，好了，睡觉吧。
②(表得意等)你瞧，怎么样：There now! You see I was right.你瞧，我说对了吧。
③(引起注意)喂，嘿，瞧：Hi, there! Anybody down there?喂！下面有人吗？
n.那里，那个地方：
He stopped his car for a while and went on again from there.他停了一会儿车并从那儿重新开始。
adv.①在那里，在那边：Don’t go there again.不要再去那儿了。
②(与be, seem, appear等连用)有：
There seems/appears something the matter with her.她好像是出了什么事似的。
There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties. 
毫无疑问，如果你有困难的话，大家也会帮助你的。
③(与come, go连用)：
There comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
Listen, there goes the bell.听，响铃了。
【拓展】关于there be句型：
①可以有非谓语形式(即there being和there to be)：
There being nothing else to do, we went home.
由于没什么其他的事要干，所以我们就回家了。
Students hate there to be too much homework.学生讨厌做太多的家庭作业。
②在“there be+名词+动词”中，“动词”可以是现在分词(表示在进行)、过去分词(表被动)或不定式(表示动词尚未发生)：
There were some children swimming in the river.有些小孩在河里游泳。
There were ten people killed in the accident.事故中有10人丧生。
There is much work to do/to be done.有许多工作要做。
therefore adv. 所以，因此：I was ill, and therefore could not come.我病了，所以没能来。
It was much too late to catch a bus after the party, therefore, we called a taxi.
晚会结束后乘公共汽车太晚了，所以我们叫了一辆出租车。
Progress so far has been good. Therefore, we are sure the project will be completed on time.
迄今为止进展良好。因此，因此我们一定能准时完成这个工程。
these adj.这些的：
I’m just going to check in these books at the library.我要去图书馆还这些书。
We have been working hard these days.这些天来，我们一直在努力工作。
pron.这些：These are my books.这些是我的书。
they pron.①他(她，它)们(主格)：
They are going to move to a new house next week.下星期他们将迁入新居。
I have a dog and a cat, but they fight all the time.我养了一只猫和一只狗，但它们老是打架。
②人们，大家：They say prices are going to increase again.据说物价又要上涨了。
thick adj.①厚的，粗的：
The mountain was covered with a thick layer of snow.山上覆盖了一层厚厚的白雪。
Her thick and dark hair hangs all the way to her shoulder.
她那又粗又黑的头发一直披到肩。
②密布的，密集的：There is a thick forest behind the village.村子后面有一片密密的森林。
③浓的，稠的：The plane could not land because of thick fog.飞机不能降落因为雾太浓了。
thief(pl thieves)n.窃贼，小偷：
The police set a trap to catch the thief.警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套。
He ran fast enough to catch the thief.他跑得飞快，足以抓住那小偷。
thin adj.①薄的，细的，瘦的：
His legs are very thin.他的腿很细。
He is getting thinner every day.他一天天消瘦下去。
②稀的，稀少的：You hair’s getting very thin.你的头发越来越少了。
thing n.①东西：Her son likes to make things out of wood.她的儿子喜欢用木头做东西。
②事情：Did anybody hear of such a thing?有谁听说过这样的事吗？
③(用复数)物品，用品：Have you packed your things for the journey?你把旅行用品都收拾好了吗？
④(用复数)情况，形势：Things are getting worse and worse.情况越来越糟。
⑤衣服：Come and take those wet things off.过来把湿衣服脱掉。
think(thought, thought)v.
①想，思考，认为：Think before you speak.开口之前请先想清楚。
I think she will pass the exam.我想她考试会及格的。
②料想，想到：We didn’t think we’d be this late.我们没有想到会这样晚。
【拓展1】①当I (We) think之后的that从句为否定式时，通常将否定转移到主句上：
I don’t think (that) you are right.我认为你不对。
②当do you think连用疑问词时，疑问词应置于其前，如“你认为他在这里会呆多久?”应译为：How long do you think he will stay here?
而不是：Do you think how long he will stay here?
【拓展2】①think about考虑，思考，想：
I have been thinking about what you’ve said and I’ve decided to take your advice.
我刚刚一直在考虑你的话并且我决定采取你的建议。
What a coincidence! I was thinking about Roy when his letter arrived.
多么巧合啊！我正在想Roy，这时他的信到了。
What are you thinking about?你在想什么呢？
②think of考虑，想起，为……着想，觉得/认为：
We mustn’t just think of ourselves.我们不能只考虑自己。
What do you think of the film called Avengers: Endgame?
你觉得《复仇者联盟：终局之战》这部电影怎么样?
③think highly of高度赞扬/赞赏，评价很高(其相反意义的词组为think little of)：
We all think highly of his research work in this field. 
我们对他在这个领域中的研究工作倍加赞赏。
All the patients think highly of the doctors and nurses in the hospital.
所有的病人都高度评价这个医院里的医生和护士。
I  think little of him because he often lies.我对他评价不高，他经常撒谎。
④think out想出，仔细考虑：
She tried to think everything out very carefully.她设法仔细把一切想清楚。
⑤think over仔细考虑：I’d like to think it over.我想好好考虑一下。
⑥think up想出：He tried to think up a plan for escape.他企图想出一个逃跑的计划。
thirst n.渴，口渴，渴望：
With food and water running short, the explorers were facing the danger of dying from hunger and thirst at any time.随着食物和水的短缺，探险者们面临着饿死和渴死的危险。
I satisfied my thirst with a glass of water.我喝了一杯水解渴。
Many boys have a thirst for adventure.许多男孩都渴望冒险。
I have a thirst for knowledge. I love reading.我渴望知识。我爱看书。
【拓展】thirsty adj.渴的，渴望的：
Jane was so thirsty for the news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad.
简是如此渴望有她孩子丢失的消息，以至于都快要疯了。
this adj.这个，这：There was a court case resulting from this incident.这一事件引起一宗庭审案件。
pron.这个，这：This is, in part, my own mistake.在某种程度上来说，这是我自己的错。
Now don’t laugh when you hear this.听了这个你不要笑。
【拓展】跟that一样也可以用作副词：这么，这样：
I didn’t think we’d get this far.我未曾想到我们会走得这么远。
Is he always this busy?他总这么忙吗?
It’s about this high.大约有这样高。
thorough adj.完全的，彻底的，透彻的：
The police made a thorough search of the house.警方彻底搜查了那所房子。
It was by reading it a third time that Sammy got a thorough understanding of the passage.
通过第三次阅读萨米才对这篇文章有了彻底/透彻的理解。
【拓展】thoroughness n.全面，详细：
The thoroughness of the evaluation process we went through was impressive.
我们亲历的评估过程面面俱到，给人留下了深刻印象。
those adj.那些：Let’s forget about those worries.咱们忘掉那些烦恼的事吧。
It’s time to put away those foolish ideas.是该放弃那些愚蠢的想法了。
I have much sympathy with those homeless people.我很同情那些无家可归的人。
pron.那些：Successful are those who are willing to take pains.成功的人都是那些肯努力的人。
The oranges in the box are better than those on the shelf.箱子的橙子比橱上的那些好。
though conj.①虽然，尽管：Though it was very late, he went on working.虽然很晚了，他还是继续工作。
②可是：I will come as soon as I can, though I can not promise to be on time.
我尽快赶来，可我不能保证一定准时。
【拓展1】①even though即使，尽管：
He never apologizes, even though he knows that he is in the wrong.
他从不道歉，即使他自知错了。
I took the liberty of reading the letter, even though it was addressed to you.
尽管这封信是写给你的，但是我冒昧地看过了。
②as though好像，仿佛：
He is always full of energy as though he never knew tiredness.
他总是精力充沛，好像从不知道疲倦似的。
They felt as though they had done something discreditable and unclean.
他们觉得自己仿佛做了什么龌龊丢脸之事。
【拓展2】although与though：
①用作连词表示“虽然”时，两者常可换用。
②although一般不用作副词，而though可用作副词：
It’s hard work; I enjoy it though.工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。
③在as though(好像，仿佛)，even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although。④though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式，但 although不这样用：
Child though he was, he did quite well.他虽是孩子，但干得很好。
thought n.①思考，考虑：
To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.为了解除我们自己生理和心理的紧张，我们每个人都需要深刻的思考和内心的宁静。
He gave a lot of thought to moving to the country before doing it.他在搬到乡下以前考虑了很多。
②想法，意见，心思，思想：I can not read your thoughts.我无法猜测你的想法。
【拓展】①thoughtful adj.体贴的，沉思的，缜密思考过的，深思熟虑的：
Thank you. That's very thoughtful of you.谢谢你，你想的真周到。
She had a thoughtful expression on her face.她一脸若有所思的表情。
It was a very kind and thoughtful gesture.这真是十分友好体贴的举动。
②thoughtfulness n.体贴，深思熟虑：
I can’t tell you how much I appreciate your thoughtfulness.
非常感谢您的体贴入微，我真的无以言表。
③(be)lost in thought陷入沉思，沉思：
She was lost in thought for several minutes, but at last she spoke. 
她沉思了几分钟，终于说话了。
Lost in thought, he almost knocked into the big tree in front of him.
他陷入了沉思，差点撞上了他前面的大树。
④at the thought of一想到：
He felt uneasy at the thought of what he has done.
他一想起自己的所作所为就感到不安。
⑤on second thoughts=on second thought又一想，转念一想：
On second thoughts, I realized that I was in the wrong.
我又想了一下，才认识到自己错了。
thread n.①线：The little girl tied the ends of the thread.这女孩把线的两端结起来。
②线索，条理，思路：I have lost the thread of this argument.我忘记了这个论点的思路。
【拓展】thread用作动词：
Wipe the mushrooms clean and thread them on a string.把这些蘑菇擦干净，然后用线穿起来。
We threaded through a network of back streets.
我们在蜘蛛网似的偏僻街道中七拐八拐地穿行。
threat n.①威胁，恐吓，威吓，恫吓，吓唬：
The threat of an economic depression hangs over the world.经济衰退的威胁笼罩着世界。
Pollution poses a threat to the continued existence of this species.
污染对这一物种的继续生存造成了威胁。
She lives daily under threat of violence.她每天都生活在暴力威胁之下。
He took not notice of his father’s threat.他不理会他父亲的恐吓。
②凶兆，征兆，兆头：There was a threat of typhoon.有刮台风的征兆。
threaten v.①威胁，恫吓 ，恐吓，要挟，胁迫：
There’s no snake known that will habitually attack human beings unless threatened with its life.
就已知的蛇来说，没有一条会习惯性地攻击人类，除非它的生命受到威胁。
The strikers were threatened with dismissal if they did not return to work.
罢工者受到威胁说，如果他们不复工，就会被解雇。
They threatened him with a law suit.他们以控告来恐吓他。
②预示(凶兆)：The black clouds threatened rain.乌云密布预示着将要下雨。
thrill n.①(一阵)兴奋，战栗：It gave me a thrill to know I had passed the examination.我得知考试及格后很兴奋。②令人激动的事，使人兴奋的事：
It gave me a real thrill to see her again after so many years.那么多年后与她重逢,我非常激动。
It was a real thrill to meet the Queen.能见到女王的确是令人兴奋的事。
v.使激动(或战惊)：
His voice thrills with terror.他恐怖得声音发抖。
It’s a sight that never fails to thrill me.那是一种永远让我激动不已的景象。
We’re immensely thrilled to learn of your success.听说你获得了成功，我们真是兴奋极了。
It is the most thrilling and exciting game I have ever seen.那是我看过的最惊心动魄的比赛。
thriller n.惊险读物(电影，戏剧)：
I always take a thriller to read on the train.我乘火车时，总带一本惊险小说看。
This excellent thriller is fast paced and believable.这部优秀的惊悚片节奏快而且令人信服。
throat n.喉咙，嗓子：I’ve got a fish bone stuck in my throat.有根鱼骨头卡在我的喉咙里。
She had a sore throat.她嗓子疼。
She sang at the top of her throat.她放开嗓门大声歌唱。
【拓展】jump down... throat根据语境的不同意思有多种：暴跳如雷；突然粗暴地回答、突然打断某人的话，说话带火药味，粗暴地对待，把某人驳斥得哑口无言，严厉地责备某人，严厉训斥某人，突然打断某人，抢着争辩等等：
I heard you. There’s no need to jump down my throat.我听到了，没必要粗暴地与我讲话。
Why does he always jump down your throat?他为什么总是对你严加斥责？
There’s no need to jump down his throat; it wasn't his fault.
没有必要对他发火，那不是他的过错。
There was no need to jump down his throat like that.没有必要那样粗暴地对他说话。
All right, he was wrong, but did you have to jump down his throat in front of everybody?
确实是他错了，但是你就非得当着大伙的面训斥他吗？
through prep. ①穿过，经过：The train ran through the tunnel.火车穿过隧道。
②自始至终，从头到尾：She went on talking all through the film.在看电影时她一直在谈话。
③直至，一直到……(并包括)：
I was in college from 1977 through 1981.我从1977年至1981年在大学求学。
④凭借，通过：
I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement.我从报上的广告中知道了这个工作。
⑤由于，因为：She cut herself through carelessness.她因不小心而割伤了自己。
⑥遍及，在……的到处：The news has spread through the world.那消息传遍了全世界。
adv.①穿过，贯穿：They wouldn’t let us go through.他们没让我们过去。
②全程地，直达地：The train goes through to Shanghai.这列火车直达上海。
③自始至终，从头至尾：Have you read the letter through?你看完信了吗？
④打通，接通(电话)：
Please hold the line. I’ll put you through in a minute.请拿好电话，马上就可以为您接通。
【拓展】through跟动词构成动词短语是高考的常考点，参看各有关动词词条。
throughout prep.①遍及于，到处：The idea started in Standlake and has spread throughout the country.
这一想法始于斯坦德莱克，并已传播到全国各地。
②在……期间：My mum’s letters really encouraged me throughout my illness.
在我生病期间妈妈的信件真的自始至终鼓励着我。
throw(threw, thrown) v.
①扔，投，掷：He threw the ball to me.他把球扔给我。(无打人之意)
He threw the ball at me.他把球向我砸来。(意欲打人)
He threw me to the ground and started to kick.他把我摔倒在地开始踢我。
②举行：We will throw a party to celebrate our parents’ golden wedding.
我们要举行一个聚会，为了庆祝我们父母金婚。
【拓展】常考throw动词短语见下列例句：
It is a waste to throw away good food.把好的食物扔掉是浪费。
This is the last chance to go abroad for further education. Don’t throw it away.
这是去国外进修的最后机会。不要丢掉/错过这次机会。
To realize his dream as a pianist, he threw himself into practicing playing it in all his free time.
为了实现自己钢琴家的梦想，在所有的空闲时间他全身心投入到练习中去。
We're never going to persuade them so we might as well throw in the towel now.
我们决不会说服他们，因此我们不妨现在就认输。
Can you throw light on/upon this problem?你能把这个问题阐述清楚吗？
Your statement does not throw light on/upon the subject.你的发言并没有说明这个主题。
She entered the room and threw off her wet coat.她一进屋就脱掉了湿漉漉的大衣。
She just threw on the first skirt she found.她找到一件裙子就匆忙穿上。
You’ll be thrown out if you don’t pay the rent.你不付房租就会被撵出去。
Our calculations of the cost of our trip were thrown out by changes in the exchange rate.
我们旅行费用的计算因为汇率变动而完全打乱了。
No, I can’t throw out(=throw away)this old computer.不，我不能扔了这台旧电脑。
The defense wants the district Judge to throw out the case.辩护律师希望区法官不受理那个案子。
The party threw out the Trotskyist Militant Tendency.该党开除了托洛茨基主义的激进派。
The smell made me want to throw up.这味道使得我想呕吐。
The baby’s thrown up her dinner.女婴把吃的东西吐了出来。
He had to throw up his whole plan.他只得放弃整个计划。
throw in the towel
thumb n.拇指：He took the pen between his thumb and forefinger.他用拇指和食指捏着笔。
【拓展】be all thumbs笨手笨脚的:
Mr. Zhang knocked over three beautiful vases and seemed to be all thumbs.
张先生打翻了三个漂亮的花瓶，看来是个笨手笨脚的人。
thunder n.雷声，隆隆的响声：
Lightning usually accompanies thunder.闪电通常伴有雷声。
We could hear the thunder of distant guns.我们可以听到远处炮声隆隆。
v. ①打雷：My little dog always hides under the bed when it thunders.我的小狗一听到打雷就藏到床底下。
②轰隆地发出，轰隆隆地移动，轰隆隆地响，发出隆隆声：
An express train thundered through the station.一辆快车轰隆隆地驶过车站。
【拓展】①thunderous adj.雷鸣般的：
The singer and dancer wins thunderous applause whenever she gives a performance.
无论何时这位歌手兼舞蹈演员表演，她都赢得雷鸣般的掌声。
②A quiet conscience sleeps in thunder.
这句俗语字面意思是说：问心无愧，打雷照睡；心里坦然，打雷也照样入睡。
常常翻译成：不做亏心事，不怕鬼敲门。
—It’s said that the police would ask you about that case.
—A quiet conscience sleeps in thunder. Go ahead.
“听说警察明天要找你问那件案子。”
“我不做亏心事，不怕鬼敲门。他们要问就问吧。”
③steal one’s thunder抢某人的风头：
He’s just trying to steal my thunder.他就是在抢我的风头。
thus adv.①这样：The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education.
大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育。
②因此/而，从而，所以：It is late, and thus you must go.天色已晚，因此你该走了。
Agriculture has developed rapidly, thus providing light industry with plenty of raw materials.
农业发展迅速，因而为轻工业提供了丰富的原材料。
They abused their power and bullied the people, thus arousing intense discontent among the masses.
他们仗势欺人，所以引起群众强烈的不满。
【拓展】thus far= so far到目前为止，迄今为止，到这点为止：
Thus far, the two prime ministers have achieved no concrete results.
到目前为止，两位首相还没有取得实质性成果。
tick v. ①作记号，打钩：
Listen carefully and tick the sentences which are correct.认真听，并标记正确的句子。
The teacher ticks off a name on a list.老师在名单上的一个名字旁打勾。
②(钟表等)滴答响：
My watch doesn’t tick because it’s electronic.我的表不滴答作响，因为它是电子表。
The clock ticked.时钟滴滴答答地走。
While we were waiting, the taxi’s meter kept ticking away.
我们等候时，出租汽车的计程器一直在滴答滴答地走着。
n.①滴答声：They could hear the regular tick of the clock.他们能听见时钟有规律的滴答声。
②勾号：All the correct answers had ticks beside them.所有正确答案的旁边都有勾号(√)。
【拓展】tick away使(分秒)在滴答声中溜走：
The clock ticks away, leaving little time for talks.时间一分一秒地过去，没有什么时间说话。
ticket n.票，券：Have your ticket ready.把票准备好。
I have two tickets to tonight’s show.我有今晚表演的两张入场券。
I bought a ticket for London.我买了一张去伦敦的车(机)票。
tidy adj.①整洁的，干净的：Her clothes were clean and tidy.她的衣服干净整洁。
②爱整洁(齐)的：Generally speaking, girls have tidy habits.一般说来，女孩子有爱整洁的习惯。
v.收拾，清/打扫，整理，弄整洁，弄干净：
Your room is in a mess, please tidy it up. 你的房间那么乱，收拾一下吧。
Sorry to say I’m busy now and can’t help tidying the lab.
抱歉，我现在很忙所以不能帮忙打扫实验室啦。
I spent all morning cleaning and tidying.我用了整个上午的时间清扫整理。
I really must start tidying the place up.我真得开始收拾收拾这个地方了。
tie v.①系，拴，扎：
My dress ties (up) in the back.我的连衣裙带子在后面。
He tied his horse to a tree.他把马拴在树上。
I want to work but I’m tied to the house with the baby.我想工作，但却被孩子拴在家里。
Would you go and tie your horse up please?能不能请你去把你的马拴好？
②平局：England tied 2–2 with Germany in the first round.
在第一轮比赛中英格兰队与德国队以2:2打成平局。
n.①领带，绳子，结：He wore no tie.他没打领带。
②(用复数)关系，联系：The firm has ties with an American corporation.该商行与美国一家公司有关系。
③平局：The match ended in a tie.这场比赛以平局结束。
【拓展】untie v.松开，解开：Then she untied her silk scarf. 然后她把丝巾解下来。
tiger n.老虎：It is known that tigers belonging to meat-eating animals feed on meat.
众所周知属于肉食动物的老虎以肉为主食。
They are paper tigers.他们是纸老虎。
tight adj.①牢固的，紧的，不松动的，难解开的：
This drawer is too tight for me to open it.这抽屉太紧了，我打不开。
We’re a tight group, so we do keep in touch. 我们关系很铁，所以的确保持着联系。
Our budget is extremely tight, so you’d better work out exactly how much money will go for each part of the project.我们的预算很紧，所以你最好准确计算这个项目每个部分所要用的钱。
When you’re on a tight schedule, every minute counts.
当你的计划安排得很紧的时候，每分每秒都很重要。
②紧身的，紧贴的：
Do you think the T-shirt is too tight across the shoulder?你认为那件T恤衫肩膀的地方紧吗？
She was wearing a tight pair of jeans.她穿着一条紧身牛仔裤。
The new sweater was a tight fit.这件新毛衣很贴身。
③严密的，严格的，严厉的：
We need tighter security at the airport.我们需要在机场实行更加严密的安全措施。
④拉紧的，绷紧的： Is the rope tight?绳子拉紧了吗？ 
⑤紧的，拮据的，不宽裕的：
We have a very tight budget.我们的预算很紧。
The president has a tight schedule today.总统今天的日程排满了。
⑥势均力敌的，不相上下的，旗鼓相当的：
That was a very tight match.那是一场势均力敌的比赛。
【拓展】tighten v.收紧，(使)变紧，(使)绷紧，加紧：
The thought of Nick made her throat tighten.一想到尼克，她的喉咙就发紧。
This month we have to tighten our belts.这个月我们不得不勒紧裤腰带过日子。
He’s just lost his job so he has to tighten his belt.他刚失去工作所以他必须节衣缩食。
He has tried to tighten his belt since he was laid off from his company.
他自从被公司裁员后就想办法省吃俭用。
till conj.& prep.直到，直到……为止：
People do not know the value of health till they lose it.直到失去健康，人们才知道健康的可贵。
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。
He works from dawn till dust.他从早到晚地工作。
Not having made enough preparations, they thought it better to put off the trip till next week.
由于没有做充足的准备，他们认为最好把这次旅行推迟到下周。
We must stick to our task till it is finished.我们必须继续工作，直至做好为止。
time n.①时间：Don’t waste your time.别浪费你的时间。
Time flies.光阴似箭。
②一段时间：He was here for a time.他在这里呆过些时候。
③时刻：What time is it (please)?=What’s the time?=Have you got the time?现在几点钟了?
④时机，时候：It’s time for dinner.该吃饭了。
⑤次，回：I’ve been there three times.我去过那儿三次。
⑥倍：Our country is three times bigger than theirs.我们的国家比他们的国家大三倍。
⑦(常用复)时代，时势：Now times have changed.现在时代变了。
v.①安排……的时间，定好时间，选择……的时机：
Publication of his biography was timed to coincide with his 70th birthday celebrations.
他的传记特别安排在他的70寿诞庆典时出版。
The experienced car racer can always time his start to perfection.
那位经验丰富的车手总是能够完美地掌握出发的时间。
Their request was badly timed (= it was made at the wrong time).他们的要求提得不合时宜。
The bomb was timed to go off at 12 o’clock.炸弹定在12点钟爆炸。
②测定……的时间，记录……的时间：
To time a race is to see how long it takes.赛跑计时就是看看比赛要花多少时间。
This egg is hard—you didn’t time it properly.这鸡蛋煮老了——你没掌握好火候。
③拨准(钟、表)的快慢，校正(钟、表)时间：
I want to time my watch because it does go right.我想调整下我手表的时间，因为它不准了。
【拓展1】①every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上
次)，the first time(第一次)等可用作连词，引导时间状语从句：
Last time I saw him, he looked ill.上次我见到他的时候，他好像有病。
Next time you’re in London come and visit us.你下次来伦敦过来探望我们。
Do look me up next time you’re in London.你下次到伦敦来，一定来找我。
Every time I call on him, he is out.我每次去访问他，他都不在。
You can call me any time you want to.你随时都可以给我打电话。
By the time he was 12, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics by himself.
到他12岁为止，爱因斯坦已经自学了高等数学。
注意，其中的every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词不能省略。
②It’s time that从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，或“should+动词原形”(should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。
It’s high time that you should concentrate/concentrated on your work at hand!
=It is time to concentrate on your work at hand!
是该你集中精力做你手边工作的时候了。
【拓展2】常考含有time的短语的意义见下列例句：
She stays in all the time.她老是/一直呆在家里。
The lift can hold six people at a time.电梯每次可以载六个人。
I’m at your service at all times/at any time.我随时为你效劳。
At no time have I said such a thing.我从未说过这样的话。
At one time they lived in the country.从前他们住在乡下。
Advocated by many well-known experts and film stars, the product was very popular at one time.因为有很多知名专家和电影明星推崇，这个产品一度非常流行。
You can not sing and drink at the same time.你不能同时又唱歌又喝酒。
She went there at times.她有时去那儿。
The train is ten minutes behind time.火车晚点10分钟。
This happens from time to time.这时不时会发生的。
I wish you would come in time.我希望你会按时来。
The little boy has a gift for drawing. He will be a painter in time.
那个小男孩有绘画的天赋。他迟早会是一个画家的。
If you follow the above suggestions, you will look much better in no time at all.
如果你遵循以上建议，你很快就会好起来。
The train left on time.火车准时开出。
We had a nice time at the party.我们在晚会上很快活。
Find out ahead of time what regulations apply to your situation.
提前搞清楚什么规章适用于你的情况。
timetable n.①(火车等)时间表：
According to the timetable, the plane for Shanghai leaves at 2 p.m.
根据时刻表，去上海的飞机下午2点起飞。
The new timetable will come into effect next month.新的火车时刻表下个月生效。
②(学校)课表：
Learning about money is already part of the timetable for some of the pupils at this school.
对于这所学校的小学生来说，有关金钱学习的内容已被列入课程表。
tin n.罐(头)，听，锡：
He reached for a tin of tobacco on the shelf behind him.他伸手去够身后架子上的一罐烟叶。
We never eat anything out of a tin.我们从来不吃罐头食品。
There is not a tin of dog food in the cupboard.碗橱里没有一听狗食。
They’d mined the hillside for tin.他们曾在小山坡上开采锡。
tiny adj.极小/少的，微小的：
We’re struggling along on a tiny income.我们依靠极少的收入过活。
On stepping into the room this morning I was astonished to find the floor covered with what looked like tiny insects.今天早上一走进房间，我就惊讶地发现地板上爬满了像是小昆虫一样的东西。
He’d created a tiny, self-sufficient world for himself.他为自己创造了一个自我满足的小小世界。
tip n.①顶端，尖端：The sleeves covered his hands to the tips of his fingers.袖子遮住了他的手，一直盖到指尖。
②小费：He gave me a very large tip.他给了我一大笔小费。
③告诫，提示，建议：
This booklet is full of useful tips.这本小册子里有很多实用的建议。
I know some useful tips on how to save money.我知道一些省钱的窍门儿。
v.给小费：Did you remember to tip the porter?你记得给搬运工小费了吗？
Don’t tip freely.不要乱给小费。
tire v.①使疲劳：Digging tires me.挖地使我累了。
After walking for two hours I began to tire.走了两个小时后我感到累了。
②厌倦做：After a week I tired of eating fish.我吃鱼吃了一个星期后就腻了。
tired adj. ①疲劳的，累的：
She looked very tired.她显得很疲倦。
She was tired from long studying.她因长时间学习而感到累了。
②厌烦的，厌倦的：
I’m tired of his complaints.我听腻了他的抱怨。
You may be tired from reading, but you should not be tired of it. 
看书可能使你疲劳，但不应该对看书感到厌烦。
【拓展】tiredness n.疲劳，疲倦，疲惫，劳累：
He had to cancel some engagements because of tiredness.他太累了，不得不取消一些约会。
tiresome adj.令人厌倦的，烦人的：It was tiresome of him to arrive so late.他这么晚才来，真让人讨厌。
【拓展】tiresome与tired, tiring：tiresome指感到厌烦(给别人的感觉)，tired指令人厌倦(指心理
感受)；tiring累人的，令人疲倦的，麻烦的，无聊的，引起疲劳的(指事情或事物所
具有的特征)
We all felt tired of the tiresome child.我对这个烦人的孩子感到厌烦。
After finishing the tiring work, we were all tired out.
干完了这累人的工作，我们都疲劳极了。
tissue n.①(动植物的)组织：Athletes have hardly any fatty tissue.运动员几乎没有什么脂肪组织。
②面纸，薄纸，纸巾：She wiped her nose with a tissue.她用纸巾擦了擦鼻子。
title n.①标题，题目：
I borrowed his words for my book’s title.我借用他的话作为我这本书的标题。
Neither the subject nor the title of this lecture is of my own choice.
这次讲演的主题与题目都不是我自己选定的。
②头衔，称号：I’d like to fight him for the title.我想和他进行一场拳击比赛，争夺这一头衔。
She has won the title of the world’s champion.她获得了世界冠军的称号。
【拓展】entitle v.使享有权利，使符合资格，给……命名(或题名)：
You will be entitled to your pension when you reach 65.你到65岁就有资格享受养老金。
The author entitled his book “On Poetry”.作者给自己的书题名为“论诗”。
to prep.①(表方向)向，朝，往，到：Turn to the right.向右转。
②(表目的地)去，到，到达：The dish dropped down to the floor.盘子掉到了地上。
③(表位置)在，位于：The hills lie to the north of the town.小镇的北面有山。
④(表距离)离，距离：It is about 100 miles to the nearest town.离最近的城镇大约100英里。
⑤(表接近或接触)在，于，紧靠着：They sat back to back.他们背对背坐着。
⑥(表时间)直到，在……之前：The office hours are from nine to five.办公[营业]时间是9点到5点。
⑦(表变化或结果)倾向于，趋于：He tore the letter to pieces.他把那封信撕碎了。
⑧(表范围或程度)到，达：The water rose to my knees.水上升到我的膝部。
⑨(表原因或反应)应，因，对：The house shook to the wind.房子迎风而动。
⑩导致，引起：To my surprise, I saw two strangers coming out of my house.
我看见两个陌生人从我家里走出来，大吃一惊。
⑪(表对象)对，给：To him it is a trouble.对他来讲，这是一个麻烦。
⑫(表归属或附加)属于，归于：This is the key to the house.这是屋子的钥匙。
⑬(表比较、对比、选择)比：The score was 7 to 0.比分是7比0。
⑭(表关联或关系)对，对于：He is kind to me.他对我友好。
toast v.①烘烤(面包片等)：Toast the bread lightly on both sides.稍稍烘烤面包两面。
②烤暖(脚等)，烤火：They are toasting their feet in front of the fire.他们正在火前烘脚。
③向……敬酒/祝酒：Let’s toast the friendship between two countries.让我们为两国间的友谊干杯。
n.①烤面包片：He spread some strawberry jam on his toast.他把草莓酱涂在烤面包片上。
②祝酒(词)，敬/祝酒，干杯：
Ladies and gentlemen, please raise your glasses and drink a toast to the success of the new company.
女士们先生们，请举起你的酒杯，干杯祝新公司成功。
As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people.
正如你在祝酒词中讲的那样，中国人民是伟大的人民。
tobacco n.烟草，烟叶：It’s forbidden to sell tobacco to children under 16.禁止向16岁以下的儿童出售烟草。
today adv.①今天：I feel my fingers are all thumbs today.我觉得我今天笨手笨脚。
②现在，当前：English is spoken all over the world today.英语现在通用于全世界。
n.今天，现在，当代：Today is my birthday.今天是我的生日。
The fashions of today change very quickly.现今的时装式样变换很快。
together adv.一起，共同：Tie the two ends together.将两端系在一起。
【拓展】①all together大家一道：Do not all talk together.别一起说。
②together with加上，连同，和……一同：
He sent her some flowers together with a love letter.他送她一些花，还附有一封情书。
The coach, together with his players, was invited to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.教练和他的队员们被邀请参加了上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们在比赛中获胜。
toilet n.①厕所，洗手/卫生/盥洗间，马桶：
I am going to the toilet.我要去洗手间。
Every flat has its own bathroom and toilet.每套公寓都带有洗澡间和盥洗间。
Is there a shop around where we can buy some toilet articles?
附近有没有我们可以买到卫生用品的商店？
②梳妆，打扮：She made her toilet and went to breakfast.她梳洗打扮后，去吃早饭了。
tolerate v.忍受，容忍，宽容，默认：
I can’t tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为。
The school cannot tolerate cheating on exams.该学校不容许在考试中有作弊现象。
I cannot tolerate your rudeness.我无法忍受你的粗鲁。
I can’t tolerate staying with him; he is so selfish.我不能容忍和他呆在一起，他太自私了。
The middle-aged woman refused to tolerate being called a thief and said she didn’t steal anything in the supermarket.那个中年妇女不能忍受被叫作小偷，她说她并没有在超市偷任何东西。
【拓展】tolerance n.宽容，容忍，忍耐力：
In some communities there is a particular need to develop tolerance and improve race relations. 
某些社区亟需发扬宽容精神，改善种族关系。
She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind.她容不得开任何玩笑。
Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。
tomato n.西红柿，番茄：Most tomatoes are red when ripe, but some kinds are yellow.
大多数西红柿成熟时是红色的，但有些品种是黄色的。
tomb n.坟墓：A tomb stone stands in front of her tomb.她墓前立着一块墓碑。
tomorrow adv.明天：If weather permits, we will go to the park tomorrow.如果天气好的话,明天我们去公园。
n.①明天：Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。
I bought some bread for tomorrow’s breakfast.我买了些面包当明天的早餐。
②将来，未来：A still better tomorrow lies ahead of you.展现在你们前面的是更加美好的未来。
ton n.①(重量单位)吨：The maximum load for this lorry is one ton.这辆卡车最大载重量是一吨。
②(用复数)大量：They’ve got tons of money.他们腰缠万贯。
tone n.语气，音调，调子，色调，风气：
Her voice took on a more serious tone.她的声音带着更加严肃的语气。
I dislike his airy tone of voice.我讨厌他那做作的声调。
That violin has a beautiful tone.那支小提琴的音色很美。
The tone of the meeting was pleasant and innocuous.会见的调子是令人愉快和坦率的。
The green wallpaper had a particularly somber tone.绿色的糊墙纸有一种特别的深沉的色调
The tone of the school is excellent.这所学校校风极好。
tongue n.①舌，舌头：The dog’s tongue was hanging out.这条狗把舌头伸在外面。
②语言，口语：He speaks in a foreign tongue.他用外语讲话。
English is his mother/native tongue.英语是他的母语。
③舌状物：There appear long tongues of shadows in the sky.天空出现长长的舌状影子。
【拓展】①on the tip of one’s tongue：比喻话在嘴边，差一点儿就说出口，或者快说出口却一时想不起来：
A sarcastic remark was on the tip of her tongue.挖苦的话到了她嘴边却没说出来。
It’s just on the tip of my tongue!我就是一时想不起来了。
I have his name on the tip of my tongue.我几乎想起他的名字。
②A still tongue makes a wise head智者寡言：
—Mr. Wang is a man of few words, but quick in mind.
王先生是一个沉默寡言的人，但很聪明。
—A still tongue makes a wise head, you know.你知道，智者寡言。
③bite your tongue别嚼舌头，忍住不说：
I’m so angry at her but I promise to bite my tongue.
我很生她的气，但我答应忍着不说出来。
tonight adv.今晚，今夜：Will you have dinner with me tonight?今天晚上和我一起吃饭好吗？
n.今晚，今天夜间：The theme for tonight’s talk is education.今晚谈话的题目是教育。
Tonight will be cloudy.今天夜间多云。
too adv.①也，还，又：I like English too.我也喜欢英语。
②太，过分：It’s too difficult.它太难了。
③很，非常：I am too happy.我非常幸福。
【拓展】①can’t…too越……越好，无论……也不算过分：
You can’t be too careful.你越仔细越好。
②too…to…太……而不能：
He is too busy to come.他太忙，来不了。
He was too weak to stand up.他太虚弱站不起来。
The book is too difficult to understand.这书太难，理解不了。
too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定：
They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit.他们很幸运去国外访问.
另外，too后如果是happy, glad, ready之类形容词时，也表肯定意：
She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street.在街上遇到她的老朋友，她非常高兴。
 Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。
tool n.工具，器具：Human beings are different from animals in that they can use language as a tool to communicate.
人类与动物不同，因为，人类可以使用语言作为交流的工具。
tooth(pl teeth)n. ①牙齿：I clean(brush)my teeth twice a day.我每天刷两次牙。
②齿：A tooth of the saw is broken.有一个锯齿断了。
【拓展】①tooth for tooth有冤报冤，以牙还牙：
We will make eye for eye and tooth for tooth revenge. 
我们将进行以眼还眼，以牙还牙的报复。
②have/get a sweet tooth喜欢甜食：
I have a sweet tooth, so anything with durian is my favorite.
我喜欢甜食，所以榴莲是我的最爱。
—Would you like some candies?你想要一些糖果吗？
—That couldn’t be better. I have got a sweet tooth.
那再好不过了，我喜欢甜食。
toothache n.牙痛：She had a toothache.她牙疼。
top n.①顶部，上端：He climbed to the top of the hill.他爬到了小山顶。
②盖子：He took the top off the box.他把箱盖揭掉。
③首位，最上位：He is at the top of his class.他在班上名列前茅。
adj.顶端的，最高的，最重要的：
I live on the top floor.我住在顶层。
Tall as he is, he cannot reach the top shelf.尽管他个儿高，他也够不着书架顶端。
【拓展】①at the top of 在……的上/顶部，以最大限度，处于前茅：
In a few minutes he was at the top of the tree.没几分钟，他就爬到了树梢。
②on the top of在……的上面：
Put one on the top of the other.把其中一个放在另一个的上面。
on top of the world幸福到极点；欣喜若狂
③on top of除……之外：
He gave me a meal and, on top of that, money for my journey. 
他给我吃了一顿，除此之外，还给了我路费。
④top banana顶头上司，最高人物：
The young man is my top banana.这个年轻人是我的顶头上司。
⑤a top dog领头羊，头号人物，重要人物，位高权重之人：
That man is young, but he is a top dog in his company.那个人虽然年轻，在公司却位居要职。
⑥top还可以作动词用：
Fortune China released a ranking of business leaders in 2020, Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba,
topping the list with outstanding leadership.《财富》中国版发布了2020年商界领袖排行榜，阿里巴巴创始人马云以卓越的领导力高居榜首。
topic n.题目，话题：
The topic seemed to have a fascination for her.这个题目似乎对她很有吸引力。
They discussed the weather and other topics.他们讨论了气候和其他的话题。
total adj.①总数的，总括的：That amount shows the total cost of the project.那个数额表示项目的总成本。
②绝对的，完全的，全然的：They ate in total silence.他们一声不吭的吃饭。
n.合计，总数：
Their expenses reached a total of 1,000 pounds.他们的花费总计一千英镑。
In total over 100 people attended the conference.共计有百余人参加了这个会议。
v.合计为：The expenses totaled $ 1000.开销总计为1000美元。
touch v.①触摸，接触：Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.参观者请勿触摸陈列品。
②感动：The sad story touched us.这个伤心的故事令我们感动。
③(用于否定句)吃，喝，动用：
He hasn’t touched food for 3 days.他已有3天没有吃东西了。
He hasn’t touched the money his aunt left him.他还没动过他姑妈留给他的钱。
【拓展】①touch up润色，修饰：
The last part of the article needs to be touched up.这篇文章的最后一部分需要润色
He touched up the picture by strengthening and shadows.
他把画修饰了一下，使光明部分和阴暗部分的对比度更鲜明。
②touch on涉及，谈到：
The speaker touched on several other subjects in the course of his talk but mostly kept himself to the main topic.演讲者在演讲过程中还谈到了其他几个话题，但大部分都是围绕主题展开的。
n.①碰，触，摸：
The gentle touch of his hand on her shoulder made her jump.
他的手轻轻地触了一下她肩膀便使她跳了起来。
②触觉：The blind have a keen sense of touch.盲人有敏锐的触觉。
③接触，联系：
He is out of touch with society.他不接触社会。
Are you still in touch with your friends from college?
你和大学的同学还有联系吗？
To be frank with you, I’ve been out of touch with most of my old friends. 
实话告诉你，我和大部份的老朋友都失去联系了。
If you live in the country, you soon get out of touch with things.
如果你住在乡下，你很快会变得孤陋寡闻。
I’m trying to get in touch with Jane. Do you have her number?
我正在设法和简取得联系。你有她的电话号码吗？
Let’s keep in touch with each other.咱们保持联系。
I’ve lost touch with all my old friends.我与所有的老朋友都失去了联系。
根据实际语境，有转义：
I would like to touch on the most sensitive question people always try to avoid.
我想谈谈一个我们总是在设法回避的敏感问题。
Unfortunately, the people making the decisions are out of touch with the real world.
令人遗憾的是，制订决策的人不了解实情。
It is important to keep in touch with the latest research.及时掌握最新研究情况很重要。
Spend the least time on those things that are completely out of touch, and figure out what you can do practically to make a difference.别在那些完全做不到的事情上花太多时间，想想自己实际上能够做什么，并且做这些事来改变自己的生活。
④平易近人的品质：
Unlike many senior judges, he has consistently shown that he has the common touch.
与很多高级法官不同，他一贯表现得平易近人。
He is certainly an experienced lawyer but people say that he lacks a human touch.
他当然是一名有经验的律师，但是人们说他缺少人情味。
tough adj.①坚韧的，结实的，咬不动的：This meat is tough.这肉咬不动。
②坚强的，能吃苦的，不妥协的：
You need to be tough to go climbing in winter.在冬天爬山一定要能吃苦。
③棘手的，难解的：I am well aware that this is a tough job.我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
【拓展】①a tough nut难对付的人：
I asked her for the money, but she was a tough nut to crack and I went away without it.
我向她要钱，但她这个人很难对付，因此我空手而归。
②tough cookie硬汉，不动感情的人，不易受伤害的人：
She really is a tough cookie.她真正是个铁娘子。
tour n.①参观，游览，旅行：
One of the tourists broke away from the tour group. That was why the tour guide lost his temper.
一名游客脱离了旅行团队，这使得导游大动肝火。”
They have gone on a tour.他们去旅游了。
②巡回比赛(或演出、演讲等)：
The tour will include games against the Australian Barbarians.
这次巡回赛将包括和澳大利亚野人队的比赛。
The band is currently on a nine-day tour of France.这支乐队目前正在法国进行九天的巡回演出。
He went on a speaking tour of the United States.他去美国作巡回演讲。
【拓展】tour还可以作动词用：
We’re touring(round)France for our holidays this year.我们今年要去法国旅游度假。
She plans to tour about the world.她打算周游世界。
We are touring Italy for our holidays this year.今年我们假期要去意大利旅行。
The play will tour the provinces in the fall.这出戏将在秋天到各地巡回演出。
tourism n.旅行业，观光业：
The tourism industry, as the core of our local economy, is supposed to recover in the months to come.
旅游业作为本地经济的核心，应该在未来数月内会复苏。
Tourism is a major source of income for the people of Thailand.观光业是泰国人很重要的收入来源。
tourist n.游客，旅行者，观光者：
The villagers are very friendly and enthusiastic and they offer tourists free accommodation.
村民们非常友好和热情，他们为游客提供免费住宿。
As a tourist, Harriet was touring a famous city for the holidays. 
作为一名旅行者，哈丽特要去一个著名的城市度假旅行。
【拓展】tourist spending旅游消费：
Tourist spending in Northern Europe rose steadily in the third quarter of 2016, following a 0.1 percent increase in the previous quarter.在2016年的第三季度，欧洲北部的旅游消费稳步上升，比上一季度增长了百分之0.1。
toward(s) prep.①(表方向)向，朝，面对：
Seeing the tiger walking towards them, the small animals ran in all directions.
小动物们看见老虎向它们走去就向四面八方跑开了。
②(表时间或数量)接近，将近，大约：There are towards three hundred persons.大约有三百人。③(表关系)对，对于，关于：
You have to change your wrong attitude towards personal health now.
你现在必须改变对个人健康的错误态度。
④(表目的或用途等)为，有助于，用于：
They’re working toward world peace.他们为世界和平而努力工作。