所属成套资源:江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测(词汇晨读)
词汇晨读25- 江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测
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江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测(词汇晨读)25
说明:①本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题;
②凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。
(wag—zoom)
wag v. ①摇动,摆动:The dog wagged its tail with pleasure.狗高兴地摇摆尾巴。
②(用于词组中)嚼舌头,议论纷纷,喋喋不休:
I think it was their dancing together that really started tongues wagging.
我认为真正引起人家说长道短的事情是他们在一起跳舞。
wage n.(常用复)工资,报酬:
The majority of employers are planning to cut down on wages in reaction to the economic crisis.
大多数雇主计划降低工资以应对经济危机。
waist n.腰,腰部,腰围:She has a very small waist.她的腰很细。
Have you got these jeans in a larger size? This pair is a bit too small around the waist.
这种牛仔裤有没有号码稍微大一点的?这一条的腰围有点小
wait v.等待,等候:
Have you been waiting long?你等了很久了吗?
The crazy fans had been waiting patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
疯狂的粉丝已经耐心地等了两个小时了,他们还会再等,直到电影明星到来。
waiter n.服务员,侍者:
Waiter, bill please.服务员,买单。
—It seems that the waiter knows you well.“服务员好像和你很熟。”
—You are right. I am one of the bar’s regular customers.“你说对了。我是这家酒吧的常客。”
A waiter entered with a tray.侍者端着托盘进来了。
waiting-room n.等候室(如候诊室,候车室等):
Sir, you shouldn’t be sitting in this waiting-room. It is for women and children only.
先生,你不应该坐在这个候车室里。这个候车室是专门为女士和儿童而设的。
There were six other people ahead of him in the waiting-room.在候诊室里,有六个人排在他前面。
waitress n.女服务员,女侍者:
There are a number of waiters in this new restaurant and the number of the waitresses is 100.
在这家新餐馆有许多的服务员,女服务员的数量是100。
A waitress came in, carrying tea on a tray.一名女侍者走进来,手端放着茶的托盘。
wake(woke, woken)v.
①醒,醒来,叫醒:
She usually wakes early in the morning.她通常一大早就醒了。
In many homes in the UK, the first person to wake up has to make tea for the family.
在英国的许多家庭中,第一个醒来的人必须为家人泡茶。
The children woke me up.孩子们把我吵醒了。
—Did you have a good sleep last night?你昨晚睡得好吗?
—No! The hotel is close to a main road, and I woke up from time to time.
睡得不好。旅馆离主路很近,我时不时就醒了。
②觉悟,醒悟:By the time he had woken up to the danger, it was too late.待他觉察到危险时,已经太迟了。
【拓展】①wake up to清醒认识到:
People have to wake up to the consciousness that they have a responsibility to others.
人们必须清醒意识到他们对别人是负有责任的。
②wake a sleeping dog招惹是非,自找麻烦:
I always had to bear the blame for my naughty son, who used to wake a sleeping dog at school.
我每每得代淘气的儿子陪不是,他常常在学校里惹是生非。
My brother is ill-tempered, and likes to waking a sleeping dog.
我弟弟的脾气很暴躁,常喜欢在外面惹是生非。
③in the wake of随着,尾随,紧跟,仿效,跟着,因为:
In the wake of developments in science and technology, man has become more capable of conquering nature.随着科学技术的发展,人们征服自然的能力也越来越强了。
Dolphins sometimes play in the wake of the boats.有时海豚在船的尾流中嬉戏。
There were heavy losses of property in the wake of the flood.洪水给财产造成重大损失。
④wakeful失眠的,不能入睡的,其名词为wakefulness:
I had a wakeful night because he warned me that I should be watchful.
我一夜未眠,因为他警告我要小心。
It is never a good idea to take sleeping tablets regularly for this kind of wakefulness.
经常吃安眠药来对付这种失眠绝不是什么好办法。
walk n.步行,散步:Do you often go for walks?你经常去散步吗?
v.①走,步行:I missed the bus and had to walk home.我没赶上公共汽车,只好走回家。
②在……上走,沿……走:He just walked the street.他刚刚走过这条街道。
③遛(动物):They walk their dogs every day.他们每天遛狗。
④陪……走:I will walk you home.我陪你走回家。
【拓展】①walk around绕……而走,四处走动,四处走走:
Would you like to walk around the factory this afternoon?今天下午到工厂的各处走走好吗?
I get up and walk around in the dark sometimes.我有时会在黑暗中起床来回走动。
I did not feel tired, so I continued to walk around the city.
我并不感觉到累,所以我继续绕着城市散步。
②walk on eggshells谨言慎行:
To work with our boss, you need to walk on eggshells.与我们老板共事,你需极为谨慎做事。
Learn to walk before you run
wall n.墙:The castle walls are very thick.城堡的墙很厚。
【拓展】After his company suffered from millions of dollars in losses, Joe saw the handwriting on the wall and left the company.在他的公司遭受数百万美元的损失后,乔看到了不祥之兆,离开了公司。
wallet n.钱包,皮夹子:
The thief took away the woman’s wallet without being seen.小偷趁人不注意拿走了那个女人的钱包。
She placed the receipt in her wallet.她把收条放到皮夹子里了。
walnut n.胡桃,胡桃树,胡桃木(高级家具材料):
The meat of the walnut can be used in cakes.做蛋糕时可用胡桃肉。
A walnut tree or a walnut is a tree on which walnuts grow.胡桃树或胡桃是上面结胡桃的树。
This box is made of walnut.这个箱子是胡桃木做的。
wander v.①漫游,漫步,闲逛,游荡,徘徊:
He likes to wander over the countryside.他喜欢在乡间漫步。
I like to wander in the park after dinner.我喜欢晚饭后在公园里闲逛。
She wandered aimlessly around the streets.她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
He was wandering about in the forest.他在森林中徘徊。
②(目光)游离,胡思乱想,走神,神志恍惚,(思想)开小差:
His eyes wandered restlessly around the room.他的眼睛不安地转来转去,打量着房间。
If your mind starts to wander and you begin to think about something else, refocus your attention on
your breathing.如果你开始胡思乱想了,就把注意力重新集中在你的呼吸上。
His mind would wander, and he would lose track of what he was doing.
他过去常常会走神,总是忘了自己正在干什么。
His mind wanders.他神志恍惚。
Try not to let your mind wander.尽量别让你的思想开小差。
Jarvis found his attention wandering.贾维斯发现自己走神了。
want v.①想要:I want some black tea.我想要一些红茶。
②需要:The house wants painting.房子需要油漆了。
③需要……在场:She’s wanted immediately in the director’s office.她得马上到主任办公室去。
④应该(用于提出建议),得:
If possible, you want to avoid alcohol.如有可能,你应该避免饮酒。
You want to see a doctor at once.你得马上去看医生。
⑤缺少,没有:His answer wants politeness.他的回答不够礼貌。
【拓展】①表示主观上想要,其后可接不定式,但不接动名词;表示客观上的需要,其后可接不定式,也可接动名词(用主动表被动):Your clothes want washing/to be washed.你的衣服要洗了。
②in want在贫困中:
The widow is in want.那个寡妇生活在贫困之中。
③in want of缺少,需要:
Are you in want of money?你需要钱吗?
④for(the)want of由于……缺少/不足:
For want of anything better to do I watched television for a while.
因为没有什么更好的事情可做,我看了一会儿电视。
The project failed for want of financial backing.该项目因缺乏资金支持而告吹。
Our car was useless for want of petrol.由于缺少汽油,我们的汽车派不上用场。
war n.战,战争:The president said if terrorists declared war on the United States, war would be what they got.
总统说如果恐怖分子向美国宣战,那么他们得到的就是战争。
ward n.①守护,看护,监护:
He did not enjoy his new status of being a “ward of the state”.
他不喜欢扮演“政府守护者”这一新角色。
To whom is this patient in ward?这病人由谁监护?
The boy is under ward.这男孩受到监护。
②病房:The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.医院有一个内科病房和一个外科病房。
warehouse n.仓库,货栈:
They stored their goods in a warehouse.他们把货物储存在一个仓库里。
The goods were trucked to a warehouse.货物由卡车运到了一家货栈。
warm adj.①暖和的,温暖的:
Take your coat off. It’s warm in the room.把外衣脱掉,室内很暖和。
Wash your hands with warm water.用温水洗洗手。
②热情/热烈的:He was pleased with their warm welcome.他们的热烈欢迎使他很高兴。
【拓展】warm还可以作动词用:
The weather has warmed up.天气转暖了。
Your feet will soon warm up once you get indoors.你一进屋,脚很快就会暖和起来。
warmth n.①暖和,温暖:
The warmth of the sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.
毛衣的暖和程度当然是由使用的羊毛的种类决定的。
The lamp behind him seems to bathe him in warmth.他身后的灯光似乎将他罩在一片温暖之中。
②热心,热情,兴奋:
He spoke with great warmth.他讲得非常兴奋。
warn v.①警告,告诫:I warned him to be careful.我告诫他要小心。
②预先通知,提醒:
The teacher warned the students of the test.老师预先通知学生要考试。
I did warn you of possible failure.我的确警告过你可能失败。
I’m calling to warn you of the coming storm.我打电话来提醒你注意即将到来的暴风雨。
【拓展】①表示告诫某人不要做某事,可用warn sb. not to do sth.,也可用warn sb. against doing sth.:The doctor warned him against smoking/not to smoke.医生告诫他不要抽烟。
②warning
n.提醒,警报,警告,警示,先兆 :
Because of her warning, I was careful.由于她的提醒,我很小心。
Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.
医生发出警告不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。
The bridge collapsed without(any)warning.那座桥在没有任何先兆的情况下坍塌了。
Let me give you a word of warning.我来提醒你一句。
adj.警告的,告诫的:
I flashed a warning glance at them.我向他们投去警告性的一瞥。
I gave him a warning look.我向他使一个警告的眼色。
She ignored the warning signals.她忽视了一些预警信号。
Ignore the early warnings and illness could result.忽略早期征兆可能会导致疾病。
wash n.①洗(涤),冲洗:I’d better go and have a wash before dinner.我还是晚饭前先洗个澡。
②(可连用a)洗的衣服:She has a large wash this week.这星期她有大批衣物要洗。
v.洗,冲洗:
This material washes well.这种料子很耐洗。
I must wash my hands before dinner.吃饭前,我必须洗手。
【拓展】①wash out(使)清洗掉,冲掉或冲垮(桥梁、道路),因雨等受影响:
With permanent tints, the result won’t wash out.用的是永久性的涂料,洗不掉。
I’m afraid this rain will wash out our garden party again.
恐怕这场雨又要使我们的游园会告吹了。
Let’s wash out that idea and think again.我们打消那个念头,重新考虑吧。
②wash away冲走,清洗,消除:
Quantities of soil have been washed away in the area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural disasters.这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数量增加。
Do you think you could wash away your sins?你认为你可以洗去你的罪过?
Nothing can ever wash away my feeling of responsibility for his death.
什么都消除不了我对他的死的负疚感。
Water is powerful, it can wash away earth, put out fire and even destroy iron.
水是很强大的。它能冲走土,熄灭火,甚至可以毁掉金。
③wash one’s hands off不干涉,不插手:
I’m going to wash my hands off the whole business.我将不再过问这件事情了。
washroom n.盥洗室,洗手间,卫生间,厕所:
The washroom is to the left of the entrance, near the stairs.盥洗室在进口处左边,靠近楼梯。
I want to go to the washroom.我想去洗手间。
Can you tell me where the washroom is, please?能告诉我厕所在哪儿吗?
waste n.①(但可连用a)浪费:It’s a waste of money to buy that.买那个东西是白浪费金钱。
②废物:A lot of household waste can be recycled and reused.许多家居废物都可以回收再用。
v.浪费:Don’t waste words on him.别在他身上白费口舌了。
She wasted no time in rejecting the offer (=She rejected it immediately).她当即拒绝了提议。
【拓展】与spend用法类似,表示浪费时间或金钱做某事,可用于waste time(money)on/over/upon sth.或waste time (money) (in, on)doing sth.:
You are foolish to waste so much money on amusement.你在娱乐上浪费那么多钱,太傻了。
He wasted his time(in)doing nothing.他无所事事,浪费光阴。
watch v.①观看:Do you often watch television?你常看电视吗?
②看,注意看:
Watch me doing it.瞧我怎么做。
We watched them pass.我们见他们走过去的。
③当心,注意:Watch the cars when you cross the street.过马路时要注意车辆。
④寻找,等待(机会等):She watched her moment to cross the road.她看准时机横穿马路。
⑤看守,监视:
The doctors watched the SARS patients throughout the night.医生们整晚看护“非典”病人。
n.①手表,表:I looked at my watch to see if I was late.我看了看手表,看是否迟到了。
②(可连用a)看守,守卫:Police keep a 24-watch on the house.警察对这座房子实行24小时监视。
【拓展】①keep watch值班,放哨,守望:
Who will keep watch tonight?今晚谁值班?
Jose, as usual, climbed a tree to keep watch.乔斯像往常一样爬到树上放哨。
②on the watch for注意,提防:
You should be always on the watch for pickpockets.你应该要时刻提防小偷。
③on watch值班:The man on watch didn’t notice the danger.值班的人没有注意到这危险。
④watch out(for)当心,提防,关注,注意:
You have to watch out because there are land mines all over the place.
你必须小心,这里到处是地雷。
Watch out for snakes.小心有蛇。
⑤watch over照看,照料:
The guards were originally hired to watch over the houses as they were being built.
最初雇门卫是为了看护正在修建的房子。
⑥watcher n.观看的人,观察的人:
The new channel is certainly good news for the movie watcher.
新频道对于电影观众来说当然是个好消息。
⑦watchful adj.注意的,留心的,小心提防的,警戒的:
You must be watchful of your health.你必须注意健康。
water n.①水:Water boils at 100℃.水在100摄氏度沸腾。
②(用复数)水域:The waters of the Nile flow out into the sea there.尼罗河的水在那里注入大海。
v.给……浇水浇水,给……水喝,注水于,灌水于:
You can water the flowers every three days.你可以每三天给花浇一次水。
They stopped to water the horses.他们停下来让马饮水。
The owner of the pub was accused of watering the beer.有人指责酒店老板在啤酒里搀水。
watermelon n.西瓜:This kind of watermelon is remarkable for its size.这种西瓜个头儿大。
wave n.①波浪,阵:
A huge wave swept the boat away.一个大浪把小船卷走了。
She has a natural wave in her hair.她的头发自然卷曲。
A wave of fear swept over him.一阵恐惧传遍他的全身。
Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。
A wave of panic spread through the crowd.一阵恐慌传遍人群。
②(热、光、声等的)波:
Sound waves, light waves, and radio waves have a certain frequency.
声波、光波或无线电波等都有特定的频率。
③挥手,挥动:
He greeted them with a wave and a broad smile.他向他们挥一下手,热情地笑着向他们打招呼。
④汹涌的行动(或思想)态势,心潮,风潮:
A wave of immigrants is washing over Western Europe.移民潮正席卷西欧。
She felt a wave of panic, but forced herself to leave the room calmly
她感到一阵恐慌,但还是强作镇定地离开了房间。
v.①挥手,挥动,挥舞:
She waved to me as the train left the station.火车离站时她向我挥手告别。
Crowds lined the route, waving flags and cheering.人群沿路线排成行,挥舞着旗子欢呼。
②飘动,波动,使……呈波浪形:
All around me I saw tall trees waving in the wind.我看见周围的高树随风飘动。
His hair waves naturally.他天生一头鬈发。
way n.①路:Can you tell me the way to the library?请你告诉我到图书馆怎么走?
②距离:We have to go a long way to school.我们上学得走很长的路。
③方向,方位:Come this way, madam.这边走,夫人。
④方式,方法:She speaks to people in a friendly way.她友好地跟人们交谈。
There are different ways to do/of doing it.做这事有不同的办法。
【拓展】①by the way顺便说,顺便问:
By the way, do you know where Mary lives?顺便问一下,你知道玛丽住在哪里吗?
②by way of经由,为了:
The path goes under the river by way of the tunnel.这条通道经隧道从河下经过。
He did it by way of helping her.他这样做是为了帮助她。
③in a way在某种程度上:
In a way I can see what you mean, even though I don’t share your point of view.
在某种程度上,我理解你的意思,即使我不同意你的观点。
④in no way决不,绝不:
In no way will Mr. White be responsible for what has happened to us.
怀特先生决不会对发生在我们身上的事负责。
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods
我绝对不会采纳他的任何方法。
⑤in the/sb’s way挡路,碍事:
I’m afraid your car is in the way.恐怕你的汽车挡道了。
Step aside! You’re in my way! 让开!你挡住我的路了!
⑥on the/one’s way(to)在(某人)去……的路上:
I’ll buy some bread on the way home.我要在回家的路上买些面包。
I am now out of hospital and well on the way to recovery.
我现在已经出院,快康复了。
⑦(in)that way那样:Please do not talk(in)that way.请不要那样说。
⑧under way在进行中:
Look, heavy clouds are gathering. A terrible storm is under way.
看,乌云在聚集。一场可怕的暴风雨就要来了。
A further investigation is under way.该事件的进一步调查正在进行中。
⑨all the way一路上,一直,完全:
We got there by driving slow all the way.我们开着车去了那里,一路上开得很慢。
I’ll support him all the way.我自始至终都会支持他。
He had to walk all the way home.他不得不一路步行回家。
⑩make way for为……让路/开路:
Mary stepped aside to make way for the senior citizens on the garden path.
玛丽在花园小路上为老年人让路。
⑪make one’s way去,前往,行进:
The explorer struggled in the snow, trying to make his wayforward.
探险者在雪中挣扎,想闯出一条路。
we pron.我们,咱们:
We’ve moved to Atlanta.我们已经搬到亚特兰大了。
Why don’t we go and see it together?咱们为什么不一起去看看呢?
【拓展】us(宾格),our(形容词性所有格),ours(名词性所有格),ourselves(反身代词):
This makes us relax and at the same time makes us develop ourselves in all aspects.
这使我们放松,同时也使我们在各方面发展自己。
Our interests are theirs, and theirs ours.我们的利益就是她们的利益,反之亦然。
weak adj.①薄弱的,软弱的,虚弱的:
Your argument is too weak to convince me.你的论点太薄弱了,说服不了我。
Her serious illness has made her very weak.她患了大病,身体很虚弱。
②(性格、意志等)薄弱的,优柔寡断的:
He was a nice doctor, but a weak man who wasn’t going to stick his neck out
他是位为人和蔼的医生,但胆小怕事,不敢冒什么风险。
【拓展】weaken v.衰减/退,(使)削弱,(使)变弱,变得优柔寡断:
The team has been weakened by injury.这个队因伤实力减弱。
His authority is steadily weakening.他的权威日趋减弱。
This does not weaken but improves and strengthens the leadership of the Party.
这不是削弱党的领导,而是更好地改善党的领导,加强党的领导。
weakness n.软弱,虚弱,弱点,短处:
Weakness kept him in bed.虚弱使他卧床不起。
We all have our little weaknesses.我们大家都有些小短处。
Knowing your strengths and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.
了解你的长处和弱点会帮助你实现梦想。
【拓展】have a weakness for sth.特别喜爱……,禁不住……的诱惑:
I have a weakness for coffee.我酷爱咖啡。
Oh! You have a weakness for sweets, too! 哦!原来你也挡不住甜食的魅力!
If I have a weakness for anything, it is for a good rest on Sundays.
如果我有什么特殊爱好的生活,那就是在星期日好好休息一下。
wealth n.财产,财富:
According to the Gini Index, the degree of wealth concentration in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than that of the US.据基尼指数显示,过去35年来,中国的财富集中度增长了三分之一,如今比美国还高。
wealthy adj.富裕的,富有的:
A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.
有个富有的赞助人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。
She married her daughter to a wealthy man.她把她女儿嫁给了一个富人。
He says the policy favors the wealthy.他说这项政策对富人有利。
weapon n.武器,兵器,凶器:
The police arrested him for carrying an offensive weapon.警察以携带攻击性武器为由逮捕了他。
Officers combed the woods for the murder weapon.警察在树林里四处搜寻凶器。
wear(wore, worn) v.
①穿,戴:
He was wearing a suit and tie.他穿着套装,系着领带。
You are what you wear.衣如其人(人靠衣装)。
What you wear is a statement of who you are.穿着是人们个性的体现.
②留(发型等):The man wore his hair long.这个人留着长发。
③带有(表情或样子):He wore a sad look.他一副愁容。
④(常与away, down, out连用)磨损,使疲惫不堪:
My patience is almost worn away by her endless complaints.她抱怨个不停,几乎使我的耐性消耗殆尽。
His heels always wear down on the outside first.他的鞋跟总是先从外侧磨损。
He wore out his shoes wandering around Mexico City.他在墨西哥城到处游荡,磨坏了鞋子。
My clothes are worn out and I have to mend them.我的衣服穿破了,我得补一下。
She dropped into a chair, utterly worn out.她一下子坐到椅子里,筋疲力尽了。
【拓展】wear off逐渐消逝,(药性、感觉、感情等) 逐渐消失:
The effects of the drug began to wear off.药效开始消退了。
weather n.天气:What’s the weather like today?= How is the weather today?今天天气怎样?
web n.网,网络,网状物:
The tiger was trapped in the web laid by hunter.老虎陷在猎人布下的网里。
We were caught in a tangled web of relationships.我们陷入了错综复杂的人际关系网络。
website n.网站:
I found this information on their website.我在他们的网站上发现了这一信息。
For current prices please visit our website.有关目前的价格,请访问我们的网站。
wedding n.婚礼,结婚:
They are celebrating their golden wedding anniversary.他们在庆祝他们的五十年金婚纪念日。
【拓展】wed v.嫁,娶,(与……)结婚/结合:
The couple plan to wed next summer.这俩人计划在夏天结婚。
She wedded a foreigner.她嫁给了一个外国人。
Not long after, she and Frank are wed.不久后,她便与法兰克结婚。
A businessman must wed efficiency to thrift.企业家必须于效率兴节约相结合。
weed n.杂草,野草:My garden is running to weeds.我的园子杂草丛生。
【拓展】①a real weed瘦弱的人:
He looks like a real weed in those shorts.他穿着那短裤看上去实在很瘦弱。
②weed out拔去,清除,删除,剔除:
Please help me to weed out those yellow flowers that keep growing among the onions.
请帮我拔去长在洋葱中间的那些黄花。
He is keen to weed out the applicants he believes may be frauds.
他急于剔除那些他认为是冒牌货的申请人。
week n.星期,周:
She’s had a busy week.这星期她特别忙。
She has been sick in bed for weeks.她卧病在床已经好几个礼拜了。
weekday n.平日,周工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天):
He is always busy on weekdays.他平日总是很忙。
The centre is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays.
本中心星期一至星期五上午9点至下午6点开放。
【拓展】与weekend相对,指除周末外的其他时间:
The store is open on weekdays but closed at the weekend.这个商店平时营业,周末关门。
weekend n.周末:He has gone away for the weekend.他度周末去了。
What did you do over the weekend?整个周末你在干什么?
weekly adj.每周(一次)的:What are your weekly wages?你每周工资多少?
n.周刊,周报:This weekly is printed every Friday.这份周报每星期五印刷。
weep v.哭泣,流泪:
She wept at the news of his death.她听到他的死讯就哭了起来。
He wept over his failure.他因为失败而哭泣。
weigh v.权衡,斟酌,称(重量,没有被动语态),重达……:
He weighed the ideas in his mind.他在脑中权衡着这些想法。
He spoke very slowly, as if weighing each one of them.他说话非常慢,好像每个字都要仔细斟酌。
It’s been weighing on my mind for days whether to tell her or not.
我这几天心烦意乱,不知道应该不应告诉她。
Some of the stones weigh twenty-six tons!有些石头重达二十六吨!
I weigh myself every day.我每日称体重。
weight n.重,重量:I need to lose weight before my holidays.放假之前我必须减轻体重。
【拓展】①by weight按重量:Some sorts of fruit are sold by weight.有的水果按重量卖。
②in weight重量上:It’s smaller in size but greater in weight.它体积比较小,但分量比较重。
③put on weight增加体重,lose weight减肥:
Don’t eat too much fat, or you will put on weight.不要吃得太多,否则你会增增加体重。
You have to stop eating between meals if you want to lose weight.
如果你想减肥就必须在两餐之间禁食东西。
weird adj.奇怪的,奇异的,古怪的,怪异的:
I heard weird shrieks in the darkness.我在黑暗中听到奇怪的尖叫声。
The best-known chapter I referred to in class is the weird world of plants.
我在课堂上提到的最有名的一章是《植物的奇异世界》。
Jane, I found that guy somewhat weird.珍妮, 我发觉那家伙有点古怪。
That was really a weird movie.那部电影真怪异!
welcome interj.欢迎:Welcome to China.欢迎到中国来。
(welcome用作叹词的意思是“欢迎”,是迎接时的招呼语,用于正式场合,也用于车站、码头、机场及大街上悬挂的标语牌上,或用于广告语、报纸等的标题,常与表示方向的副词或介词to连用。)
n.欢迎,迎接:They give us a warm welcome.他们热烈欢迎我们。
v.欢迎:She rose from her seat to welcome him.她站起来欢迎他。
He was welcomed by the students.他受到同学们的欢迎。
adj.①受欢迎的:You’re always welcome here.这里随时欢迎你。
②随意……:You are welcome to (use) my car.我的汽车你尽管用。
【拓展】①用作动词时,其过去式和过去分词均为welcomed(即它是规则动词),注意不要模仿come→came→come的变化形式。
②不要按汉语意思说 welcome sb. to do sth.。
③口语中说You are welcome!主要用于回答对方的道谢,可译为“不用谢”、“不客气”:
You are welcome! We are good friends as you say.
别客气!正如你所说的,我们是好朋友嘛!
welfare n.福利(事业),幸福:
The government decided to promote public welfare.政府决定发展公共福利。
My principal concern is my family’s welfare.我至为关心的是我一家的幸福。
well1(better, best)
adv.①好:Well begun is half done.(谚)良好的开端等于成功的一半。
②相当,很:It’s well worth doing it.这事很值得做。
adj.好的,健康的:I hope you are well.希望你身体健康。
interj.好吧,那么,哎呀:Well, what do you want?那么,你想要什么?
【拓展】①as well也,又:He likes her as well.他也喜欢她。
②as well as同,和:It is important for you as well as for me.这对你和对我都很重要。
▲as well as具有连词性质,连接两个成分作主语时,其谓语通常与前面一个主语保持一致:
Tom as well as his parents is going to London.汤姆和他的父母要去伦敦。
Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.(就远原则)不仅我而且海伦急于要看演出。
I as well as Helen am eager to see the performance.(就远原则)
不仅海伦而且我急于要看演出。
▲as well as 后接动词时,动词通常要用动名词形式:
As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm.他不但摔断了腿,而且还伤了胳膊。
③do well in在……方面做得好:He does well in everything.他样样做得好。
④may/might as well不妨:
I needn’t wait and I may as well tell you now.我不必等了,不妨现在就告诉你。
I’m ready, so I might as well go now.我已准备好,因此不妨现在就走。
⑤well-known adj.出名的,众所周知的:
It is well-known that too much sugar is bad for you.大家都知道,吃糖太多是有害的。
▲be well-known as作为……出名:
He is rather well-known as a lawyer.作为一位律师他相当有名气。
▲be well-known for因为……出名:
He is well-known for his short stories.他以写短篇小说而出名。
▲be well-known to为……所知:It is well-known to us.这点我们很清楚。
⑥well off富裕的,其反义词组为badly off境况不佳的:
Most of these people aren’t very well off.这些人大都不算太富裕。
Surely you can’t be that badly off? 你肯定没那么穷吧?
well2 n.①井:
The police found the lost treasure in an abandoned well.警察在一口废弃的井里找到了丢失的财宝。
②来源,源泉,源头:She has the well of enthusiasm.她是热情的源泉。
west adj.(在)西的,向西的,从西来的:We live on the west side of the park.我们住在公园的西边。
adv.在西方,向西方:The island is five miles west of here.那个岛在西面五英里处。
n.西部,西方:The sun sets in the west.太阳从西边落山。
western adj.西方的,西部的:My house is in the western part of the town.我家在城西。
westward(s) adv.向西:
As you travel westward, does the land get higher or lower?
当你向西旅行时,地势是否变得越来越高还是越来越低?
The ship drifted westwards in the strong wind.船在强风中向西漂移。
wet adj.①湿的,潮的:He was wet through.他浑身湿透了。
②多雨的:I don’t like wet days.我不喜欢雨天。
【拓展】a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人和物:
—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party?
为什么你没有邀请约翰出席你的生日聚会?
—Well, you know he’s a wet blanket.你知道的,他是个令人扫兴的人。
whale n.鲸:The whale is the largest of all animals.鲸是所有动物中体积最大的。
what pron.①什么:What does it matter?这有什么关系呢?
What else did they say?他们还说了些什么?
②what引导名词性从句时,可视上下文理解为what=the+名词+that引导的定语从句:
▲what相当于the thing that/anything/something that…
▲what相当于the place/the person that…
▲what相当于the time that…
▲what相当于the speed that…
▲what相当于the amount/number that…
▲A is to B what C is to D和What C is to D, A is to B的句型用来比较说明两种事物相同或相似的关系,起比喻作用,相当于连接词as,意为“正如”、“好比”、“就象……一样”
What was once regarded as impossible has come true.
曾经认为不可能的事情现在已经成为了现实。
Baoji isn’t what it used to be. Great changes have taken place in the past years.
宝鸡再也不是过去的宝鸡了。在过去的数年里发生了巨大的变化。
I met one of my students the other day. After several years, she changed a lot and looked different from what she used to be.多年之后她变化好大,看起来和过去的她那个大不相同了。
After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eye and found myself in bed.似乎过了很长的一段时间以后,我睁开了眼睛,发现自己还躺在床上。
The other day my brother drove his car down the street at what I thought was a dangerous speed.
几天前我的哥哥以我认为是一种非常危险的速度在大街驾车行驶。
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们的收入是十年前的双倍。
As we all know, reading is to the mind what food is to the body.
据我们所知,阅读对思维就像食物对身体一样。
adj.多么(用于感叹句):What a clever boy!多聪明的孩子呀!
【拓展】交际用语:
What for为什么? So what那又如何/怎么样呢?
Why bother?何苦呢?(言下之意:没有必要)。
whatever conj.①(引导名词性从句)凡是……的:Take whatever you want.你想要什么就拿什么。
②(引导让步状语从句)无论什么,不管什么:
Whatever you do, do it well.不论你做什么事,都要好好地做。
pron.(用在疑问句中表示强调)究竟(=what ever):
Whatever could happen to him?他们到底会发生什么事?
【拓展】①引导名词性从句,相当于anything that,可视为what的强调说法:
Whatever he did was right.无论他做什么都是对的。
②引导让步状语从句,具有连词性质,在用法和含义上相当于no matter what:
Whatever(=No matter what)you say, I won’t believe you.
无论你说什么,我都不会相信你。
wheat n.小麦:Wheat is transported from the farms to the mills.把小麦从农场运到面粉厂。
wheel n.车轮,方向盘:
He braked suddenly, causing the front wheels to skid.他猛然刹车,使得前车轮打滑了。
The front wheel of the bicycle was out of shape.自行车的前轮变形了。
Nobody can roll back the wheel of history.没有人能够倒转历史的车轮。
My co-pilot suddenly grabbed the wheel.我的副驾驶突然抓住了方向盘。
【拓展】wheel在下列句中的意义:
Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy behind the wheel of the jeep.
令人遗憾的是我开起吉普来还是笨手笨脚。
His father’s death left him behind the wheel of the firm.他父亲去世了,由他掌管这家公司。
His ambition is to be at the wheel of a large cooperation by the age of forty.
他的抱负是到40岁时掌管一家大公司。
Don’t speak to the man at the wheel.别跟开车的人说话。
We did excellent business; everything went on wheels.我们的生意兴隆,一切顺利。
If you will only join the concern, it will go on wheels.
只要你愿意参加此商号的话,其业务即可顺利进行。
I think my watch runs on wheels.我的表大概走得太快了。
That is a library on wheels.那是一个流动图书馆。
There is a wheel within wheels.事情很复杂。
when conj.①当……的时候:Vegetables are best when they are fresh.蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
②既然:I can’t tell you when you won’t listen.既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。
③就在这时(突然),这时(突然),就在那时:
I was making the bed when the telephone rang.
我在铺床,就在那时电话铃响了(我在铺床时电话铃响了)。
She was about to speak when she was stopped by her sister.
她刚要说话,就在这时(突然)被她姐姐拦住了。
④其时,当时,当场:
The last time I went to Scotland was in May, when the weather was beautiful.
我上次去苏格兰是在五月份,那时的天气好极了。
⑤在……的条件下:
—Bob’s trying to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.
—Oh, that poor guy! He really should put on something clean.
“鲍勃一直在试图找到一份工作,但我真不知道像他那个样子,怎么能找到工作呢。”
“哦,那个可怜的家伙!他至少应该穿得干净一点儿。”
adv.①什么时候,何时(疑问副词):When did she leave?她什么离开的?
②什么时候,何时(连接副词):Did she say when she would be back?她说没说什么时候回来?③……的时候(关系副词):
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work.星期日是没什么人上班的日子。
【拓展】hardly/scarcely…when…=no sooner…than…表示“一……就”
We had scarcely arrived when he asked us to leave.我们才刚刚到他就叫我们走了。
whenever conj.①无论什么时候:Come whenever you like.你爱什么时候来就什么时候来。
②每次:Whenever we see him we speak to him.每次见到他,我们都和他说话。
【拓展】表示“每当”(此导时间状语从句),与when同义,但语气更强;表示“无论什么时候”(引导让步状语从句),相当于no matter when:
Whenever(=No matter when)you come, you are welcome.你什么时候来,我们都欢迎。
where adv.①在哪里,往哪里(疑问副词):Where can I buy a paper?哪儿可以买到报纸?
②在哪里,往哪里(连接副词):I’m not sure where she lives.我不能肯定她住在哪里。
③(关系副词):This is the town where I was born.这就是我出生的城市。
【拓展】conj.在……的地方:
Keep it where you can see it.把它放在你看得见的地方。
When you read the book, you’d better make a mark where you have any questions.
你读书时,最好在有问题的地方作个记号。
wherever conj.无论在哪里:
I will find her wherever she may be.不管她在哪里,我都要找到她。
Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
她所到之处总有成群的人等着要见她。
I will find her wherever she may be.不管她在哪里,我都要找到她。
whether conj.
①是否:The question is whether he will come.问题是他是否会来。
Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
②是……还是……:I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.我不知是留还是去。
③无论……还是……:Whether they like it or not, I don’t care.他们喜不喜欢,我才不管哩。
【拓展】if与whether:两者均可表示“是否”,当它们引导宾语从句时,常可互换;但是在以下情况,通常要用whether而不用if:引导主语从句时,引导表语从句时,引导宾语从句且位于句首时,位于介词之后时,后接不定式时,直接与or not连用时:
He wondered whether to wait for them or (to) leave immediately.
他不知道是等他们还是马上离开。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
I will write to you whether or not I can come.我能不能来,我将写信告诉你。
which pron.①哪个,哪些(疑问代词):Which are our seats?哪些是我们的座位?
②哪个,哪些(连接代词):Ask him which he wants.问他要哪一个。
③(关系代词):The book which you gave me is very interesting.你给我的那本书很有趣。
adj.哪一个,哪一些:
Which book have you read?哪一本书你读过了?
Here are the designs. Which ones do you prefer?这就是那些图样。你喜欢哪一些?
【拓展】what与which的区别:两者均可用于提出疑问,一般说来,当选择的范围较小或比较明确时,多用 which;当选择的范围较大或不明确时,多用what:
What country did he stay in?他在什么国家呆过?
Which country did he stay in, Japan or Canada?他在哪个国家呆过,是日本还是加拿大?
whichever pron.①任何……的东西(人):Buy whichever is cheapest.买最便宜的。
I’ll give it to whichever of you wants it.你们之中随便谁要,我就给谁。
②无论哪个,无论哪些:
It has the same result, whichever way you do it.不论你怎么做,结果都一样。
while conj.①当……的时候:
Don’t talk while you’re eating.吃饭时不要说话。
I’ll take care of him while you are away.你不在时我照顾他。
②虽然,尽管:
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意。
③而,但是:You like tennis, while I’d rather read.你爱打网球,但我爱看书。
n.一会儿,一段时间:Let’s sit down here for a while.我们在这里坐一会儿吧。
【拓展1】while, when与as:
①若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作,而从句表示的是一个持续性动作时,三者都可用:
He fell asleep when/while/as he was reading.他看书时睡着了。
②若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用while:
I kept silent while he was writing.在他写的时候,我默不作声。
③若主、从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边……”之意思,通常要用as:She sang as she went along.她边走边唱。
④若从句是一个短暂性动作,而主句是一个持续性动作,可以用as或when,但不用 while:
It was raining hard when[as] we arrived.我们到达时正下着大雨。
⑤若主、从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,一般要用as或when:
I thought of it just when/as you opened your mouth.就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。
⑥若主、从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when:
I will go home when he comes back.他回来时,我就回家去。
【拓展2】after a while表示一会儿之后, for a while暂时,一段时间, in a while一段时间之内,一般和将来时连用:
I will be back in a while. 一会儿我就回来。
Wait for a while。等一会儿。
She rested for a while, and then had a wash and changed her clothes
她休息了一会儿,然后洗了洗,换了身衣服。
After a while, I left。一会儿后,我离开了。
whisper v.低声说,低语,窃窃私语,耳语,私语:
She whisper to me so no one else will hear.她低声跟我说话以免别人听见。
It is bad manners to whisper in company.在众人面前窃窃私语是不礼貌的行为。
【拓展】n.耳语,低语,悄声:
His voice died away in a whisper.他的声音渐渐变为了小声低语。
She said it in a whisper, so I didn’t hear.她是悄声说的,所以我没有听见。
whistle n.口哨,口哨声,汽笛(声):
The teacher blew a whistle to start the race.老师吹哨子开始了赛跑。
The whistle went and the man knocked off for lunch.汽笛响了,工人们停工午餐。
The horse shied at the shrill whistle.那匹马听到刺耳的汽笛声,惊得往后倒退。
v.吹哨,吹口哨,拉汽笛:
The referee whistled and the game began.裁判哨子一响,比赛开始了。
The little boy rounded his lips to whistle.那个小男孩把双唇收圆好吹口哨。
He whistled to his friend to keep hidden.他吹口哨通知朋友继续隐蔽。
We used to hear the train whistle at night.过去我们常会在晚上听到火车的汽笛声。
white adj.①白色的,雪白的:He had nice square white teeth.他的牙齿洁白而整齐,十分好看。
②白种人的,白人的:She is white and he is coloured.她是白种人而他有色人种。
③苍白的:He was white with anger.他气得脸色发白。
④纯洁的,清白的:Her reputation is as white as snow.她的声誉纯洁无瑕。
n.①白色:The horse was almost pure white in colour.那匹马几乎是纯白色。
②白人:There were both whites and blacks at the meeting.参加会议的有白人也有黑人。
【拓展】white的比喻用法:
He was frightened out of his life and turned as white as a sheet.他吓坏了,脸色苍白如纸。
These ironclad details are irrefutable proof in black and white.白纸黑字,铁证如山。
He’d seen the proof in black and white.他已经看过书面证据。
a white elephant沉重的负担,累赘,无用之物:
The project is believed to be nothing but a white elephant.
这个项目被认为只是一项沉重的负担。
I’ll never buy a car, for it’s only a white elephant to me.
我决不买汽车,因为它对我只会是一个累赘。
who pron.①谁(疑问代词):Who will cook the dinner?谁来做饭?
②谁(连接代词):She asked who would like to go.她问谁愿意去。
③(关系代词):Everyone who knows him likes him.认识他的人都喜欢他。
whoever pron.①任何人(都),什么人(都):
I’ll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。
Whoever told you that was lying.谁对你这样说,谁就是在说谎。
A reward will be paid to whoever(=anyone who)brings back the money that he lost.
凡能将他遗失的钱寻回者可得到酬金。
②不论什么人,不论是谁:
Whoever(=No matter who)telephones, tell them I’m out.不管是谁打电话来,都说我出去了。
【拓展】whoever既可用作主格,也可用作宾格:
Tell whoever you like—it makes no difference to me.
你爱告诉谁就告诉谁吧,对我是无所谓的。
whole adj.①全体的,整个的:His whole family caught flu.他全家患了流行性感冒。
②整整的:I had to walk the whole day.我不得不走了一整天的路。
n.全部,全体:Two halves makes a whole.两个一半构成一个整体(全部)。
【拓展】①as a whole作为整体,一般说来:
People as a whole don’t do things like that.一般说来,人们不会做那种事。
②on/upon the whole总的说来,大体上,基本上:
On the whole I like his plan.总的说来,我喜欢他的计划。
③the whole of整个,全部:The whole of my money was stolen.我的钱全部被偷了。
whom pron. ①谁:She asked him whom he wanted to see.她问他想见谁。
②(关系代词):He is a man whom we all like.他是一个我们都喜欢的人。
【拓展】①是who的宾格形式,原则上说只能用作宾语,但在口语或非正式文体中往往可用主格代替:Who(m) did you give it to?你把它给谁了?
②当紧跟在介词之后作宾语时只能用 whom,不用who:
With whom did you go?你是同谁去的?
③用作关系代词时,若引导限制性定语从句作宾语,whom通常省略或换成that;若引导非限制性定语从句作宾语,用whom或who均可以,但以whom为佳:
This is Jack, whom /who you haven’t met before.这是杰克,你以前没见过。
whose pron.①谁的(疑问代词):Whose dictionary is this?这是谁的词典?
②谁的(连接代词):Tell me whose it was.告诉我这是谁的。
③……的,其(关系代词):This is the pen whose point is broken.这就是笔尖断了的那支笔。
【拓展】用作疑问代词时,主要用于指人;用作关系代词时,既可指人,也可指物,且指物时,通常可与of which互换,即:whose+名词=the+名词+of which=of which + the +名词:
The house whose windows are broken is empty.
=The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
=The house of which the windows are broken is empty.破了窗户的那座房子是空的。
why adv. ①为什么(疑问副词):Why did you write to him?你为什么给他写信?
②为什么,……的原因(连接副词):
He explained why he couldn’t come.他解释了他不能来的原因。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。
③……的(关系副词):That’s the reason why he dislikes me.这就是他不喜欢我的原因。
interj.(表示惊讶、反驳、不耐烦等):Why, it’s a necklace!啊,是一条项链!
【拓展】①The reason why…is that(从句)…,不可以说The reason why…is because(从句)…
The reason why he failed again was that he lacked experience.
他再次失败的原因是他缺乏经验。
另外:The reason that/which she gave me was that she had got up late.
他给我的理由是他起床晚了
②与what, when, where, which等不一样,why后不能接不定式。
③Why(not)do sth.?为口语中常用句,主要用提出建议或指出某一动作是不必要或没有意义的:
Why not go there? 干吗不去啊?
—I want to spend the afternoon with me?我想和我共度这个下午吗?
—Why not? 好啊!
Why argue with her? 为什么要跟她争论呢?
注意:该结构只用于现在或将来,不用于过去。
wide adj. ①宽阔的,广阔的,广泛的,睁得大的,渊博的:
The tie is too wide.这条领带太宽了。
Computers have been brought into wide use.计算机已得到广泛使用。
The Asiatic plains are very wide.亚洲的平原非常广阔。
He opened his eyes wide in surprise.他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。
He has wide knowledge on the subject.他对于那个问题有渊博的知识。
②……宽:The room is 2 meters wide.那房间两米宽。
【拓展】①widen v.
▲(使)变宽,(把……)加宽/拓宽:
The road to the railway station is being widened.通往火车站的路正在拓宽。
▲(使)扩大,(使)扩展,(使)增加,(使)(差距)拉大:
U.S. prosecutors have widened a securities-fraud investigation...
美国检察官扩大了对一起证券欺诈案的调查范围。
Wage differences in the two areas are widening.两个地区的工资差距正在拉大。
Although people are generally better off, the gap between the rich and the poor has
widened.尽管人们的生活越来越好,但是贫富差距还是在扩大。
▲(眼睛)睁大:
His eyes widened as he spoke the words.他说这番话时眼睛瞪大了。
②wide与widely的区别:
▲ wide用作副词主要表示“张大”“睁大”到最大程度,侧重指物体从一边到另一边的距离(联系其形容词用法),通常与wide, apart等连用:
Open your mouth wide.把口张开。
The door was wide open.门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.他站在那儿,两脚分开的距离很大。
▲ widely则主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等,通常连用过去分词:
He has traveled widely. 他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The most widely distributed is the Hui people.分布最广的是回族。
Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.
想救她而未救成,此事不久已尽人皆知。
有时也连用某些表示差异或变化的词语(如different, differing, range, vary等):
The conversation ranged widely. 谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.各家商店价格悬殊很大。
▲在wide awake(完全醒着)这一习语中,一般不用widely:
In bed he lay wide awake. 他睡意全无地躺在床上。
widespread adj.广泛的,分布广的,普遍的:
The loss of ability in the mother tongue is mainly caused by the widespread use of electronic devices and a lack of attention to culture.母语能力下降主要是广泛的使用电子设备和缺乏对文化的关注引起的。
Even more widespread are the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs.尤其是随着新电脑程序的发展,音乐的复制和盗版软件更为普遍。
widow n.寡妇,遗孀:
The poor widow earns money by taking in washing.那位可怜的寡妇在家里替人洗衣服度日。
I should assist his widow and daughters.我一定要帮助他的遗孀和女儿们。
【拓展】George was a widower with six young children.乔治是个带著六个小孩子的鳏夫。
wife n.妻子:This is a small shop run by husband and wife.这是一家夫妻店。
wild adj.①野(生)的:
The lane was lined with wild flowers.小路两边都是野花。
His wild ambition came to light.他的野心败露了。
②粗野的,野蛮的,不文明的:I was living like a wild child.我的行为像个野蛮的孩子。
③未开发的,荒凉的:It’s just miles and miles of wild land.这只是大片大片的荒山。
④狂暴的,波涛汹涌的:
The wild weather did not prevent some people from swimming in the sea.
尽管风雨交加,一些人还是会下海游泳。
⑤大致的,不精确的:I’ll make a wild guess.我就随便乱猜一下。
⑥疯狂的,狂热的,狂怒的:The children are wild with joy.孩子们欣喜若狂。
wildlife n.野生动物:There is much wildlife in the forests of Maine.在缅因州的森林里有很多野生动物。
will1n.①意志:She has a strong will.她意志坚强。
②决心:A country must have the will to repel any invader.一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
③意愿,本意:He did it of his own will.他做这事是出于自愿。
She was married against her will.她结婚是有违她的本意的。
④遗嘱:The rich man left his son nothing in the will.那位富翁在遗嘱中什么都没给他儿子留下。
will2 (would)modal v.
①将,会:Will it rain tomorrow?明天会下雨吗?
②要,希望:Will you come now?你要现在来吗?
③(用于疑问句)请……好吗:Will you shut the door?你把门关上好吗?
④愿意:Go where you will.你愿到哪里就到哪里。
⑤能,可以:This bus will hold 40 people.这辆大客车可以坐40人。
⑥(表示习惯或倾向):Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水上。
willing adj.乐意的,愿意的:I’m quite willing for you to join us.我很愿意/乐意你参加我们的活动。
【拓展】①willingness n.乐意,愿意:
We must respond to well-founded criticism with a willingness to change.
对于有根有据的批评,我们必须乐意作出改变。
②参看词条unwilling。
win(won, won)v.
①获胜,赢得:He is sure to win.他一定会赢。
She won an Olympic gold.她赢得一枚奥运会金牌。
His kindness won him many friends.他的善良使他赢得了很多朋友。
I would do anything to win back your trust in me.我愿意尽一切努力来重新获得你的信任。
②说服,争取:We tried to win him over to our view.我们试图说服他接受我们的观点。
【拓展】用作及物动词时,其宾语通常是比赛、战斗、辩论、奖品、金钱、称赞、荣誉等某种东西,而不能是比赛的对手,如可说He won the game,但不能说He won me;要表示“他赢了我”,可说成He beat/defeated me。
wind1 n.风:Despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the world.
尽管风吹雨打,我仍然喜欢在外面工作。
wind2 (wound, wound)v.
①缠绕,倒带:
She asked me to wind the wool for her.她叫我帮她绕毛线。
He wound the tape back to the beginning.他把磁带倒到了开头。
②转动,摇转:You have to wind a handle at the side of your telephone.你得转动电话机旁的摇柄。
③把……上紧,把……拧紧:Did you wind your watch this morning?你今天早上把表的发条上了没有?
④蜿蜒,弯曲:
Roads wound through the hills.路在山中蜿蜒而行。
The river winds to the sea.那条河蜿蜒地流入大海。
I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
我向上望去,看见一条蛇正缠绕着树向上爬去捕早餐食物。
【拓展】wind up上(紧)发条,使结束,收尾,摇上:
He neglected to wind up the clock. 他忘了给钟上发条。
The President is about to wind up his visit to Somalia.总统即将结束对索马里的访问。
He started winding the window up but I grabbed the door and opened it.
他开始摇上车窗,但我一把抓住并拉开了车门。
window n.①窗户,橱窗,视窗:
Would you mind opening the window?可否劳驾把窗户打开?
He looked at the shop window with greedy eyes.他用贪婪的眼光看着商店的橱窗。
Love in its greatest opens the window of life.爱最伟大之处,就是打开了人生的视窗。
②(计算机屏幕的)窗口,视窗:
The window of the computer screen does not display.计算机屏幕的窗口不显示了。
To run a window, just double-click on the icon.要运行视窗,只需双击图标即可。
windy adj.有风的,多风的:It was cold and windy.天气很冷刮着风。
wine n.酒:He never touches wine.他从来不饮酒。
wing n.①翅膀:The bird’s left wing was hurt.这只鸟的左翅膀受伤了。
②机翼:The plane had a wing span of 34 feet and a length of 22 feet.
这架飞机的翼展长34英尺,机身长22英尺。
winner n.获胜者,优胜者:
The winners of the competition will be announced next month.竞赛的获胜者将于下月公布。
The prize for the winner of the competition was a silver cup.比赛的优胜者的奖品是一个银杯。
winter n.冬天,冬季:
It often snows here in winter.此地冬天常下雪。
The winters in the north are very cold.北方的冬天很冷。
wipe v.擦,擦净,擦干:I wipe my hands on this towel.我用这条毛巾擦手。
【拓展】①wipe out消灭,除掉:
Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops. 只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。
The whole community turned out to wipe out the four pests.全体居民出动除四害。
②wipe away抹掉,擦掉,擦掉:
Time can never wipe away from people in London the sadness and heartache caused by those
recent terrorist attacks.时间永远不会抹去伦敦市民身上由最近的那些恐怖袭击造成的伤心和心痛。
The rain had wiped away the tracks left by the cart.雨水抹去了货车留下的辙迹。
He wiped away the blood with a paper napkin.他用纸巾将血迹擦去。
③wipe off擦去,揩去,擦掉,勾销(债务):
You can wipe off the dirt with this cloth.你可以用这块布把污垢擦掉。
You have helped me so much that I am willing to wipe off the $ 20 you owe me.
你帮了我那么多忙,我愿意把你欠我的20美元一笔勾销。
wire n.电线,铁丝:The hot wire is caused by overload.电线发热是由于过载造成的。
The factory was surrounded by barbed wire.工厂用带刺的铁丝网围着。
【拓展】wireless adj.无线的:
We still don’t have the wireless network.我们仍然没有无线的网络。
无线电收音机,无线电发射和接收系统,无线电报:
I heard the news on the wireless.我从无线电广播听到这个新闻。
It has Bluetooth, wireless, and USB connections.它拥有蓝牙、无线网络和USB连接功能。
That is a message sent by wireless.那是一条用无线电报发出的信息。
wisdom n.智慧,明智,才智,聪明,至理名言:
He attributes his wisdom to his teachers.他认为他的智慧来自于老师。
We grow in wisdom as we grow older.我们随着年龄增长而更加明智。
A flow of words is no proof of wisdom.口若悬河,不能证明真有才智。
She is crowned with wisdom by nature.她天生聪明。
Confucius’s many words are wisdom.孔子的很多话都是至理名言。
wise adj.聪明的,英明的:
It’s wise of you to leave.你离开是明智的。
He is more brave than wise.他有勇无谋。
She is always penny wise and pound foolish.她老是小事聪明,大事糊涂(小处精明,大处浪费)。
wish n.①愿望,心愿:At last, she got her wish.她的愿望终于实现了。
②(用复数)祝愿,祝福:Please give your parents my best wishes.请代我向你父母问好。
v.①想要,希望,祈求:
I wish you to come at once.我想要你马上来。
Who could wish for a better opportunity? 谁还会祈求能得到比这更好的机会呢?
②祝愿:I wish you well and happy.我祝愿你健康愉快!
③但愿,要是……多好啊:I wish I were a bird.但愿我能变成一只鸟。
【拓展】①后接that从句时,从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气,其结构为:指将来情况用“could, would, might+动词原形”构成,指现在或当时的情况谓语用过去时,指过去情况用过去完成时:I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.我希望你别再抽烟了。/ He wished he hadn’t said it.他想要是自己没说那话就好了。
②hope与wish:可说wish sb to do sth,但不能说hope sb to do sth。后接从句,hope后的从句用陈述语气,wish后的从句用虚拟语气。
两者均可用作名词,其搭配和含义有所不同:
I have no wish to go.我不想去。
I have no hope of going.我没有去的希望(即想去但去不成)。
with prep.①与……(在)一起,带着:Who was that with you?(刚才)和你在一起的是谁?
②有……的,持有,随身带着:I have no money with me.我没有带钱。
③以,用:He caught the ball with his left hand.他用左手接球。
④(表状态)在……的情况下,……地:
This is a serious matter, and should be handled with care.这是件大事,不能马虎过去。
The dog is wagging its tail with pleasure.那条狗高兴得直摇尾巴。
⑤尽管,虽然:With all her faults, I like her.尽管她有种种缺点,我还是喜欢她。
⑥若是,如果:With your permission, I’ll go.若是你同意,我就去。
⑦因为:He is tired with work.他工作累了。
⑧当……的时候,在……之后:With that remark, he left.他说了那话就离开了。
⑨随着:
With the development of society, it is more easy and convenient for us to study home by ourselves.
随着社会的发展,我们越来越方便在家中自己学习接受教育。
Times change and we should change with them.时代变了,我们也应该随之而变。
⑩(表伴随)同时:I slept with the window open.我开着窗睡觉。
⑪包含:The meal with wine came to £8 each.那顿饭连酒每人8英镑。
⑫对,关于:What’s wrong [the matter] with you?你怎么了?
⑬(在祈使句中与副词连用):Away with him!带他走!
withdraw v.①取回,提取:I’ll withdraw my child from school.我要把孩子从学校接回。
②撤退,退出,撤回,收回:
He withdrew from the race.他退出比赛。
The African National Congress threatened to withdraw from the talks.
非洲国民大会威胁要退出会谈。
【拓展】withdrawal n.移开,撤回,撤退,撤开,收回,取回:
The commander ordered an immediate withdrawal of the troops.
指挥员命令部队立即撤退。
The country’s withdrawal of its experts from China did not strangle the Chinese people; on the contrary it stirred up their enthusiasm for greater exertions.该国从中国撤走专家并没有压垮中国人民;相反,这激起了中国人民更加努力的热情。
within prep.在……里面,在……以内:
I’ll be coming within an hour.一小时之内我就会到。
No fishing is allowed within a twenty mile limit.二十英里范围内不准垂钓。
This is a task well within your ability.这完全是你力所能及的工作。
Several cars are available within this price range.在这个价格范围内,有好几种汽车可供选购。
Within these old walls there was once a town.在这些旧城墙里面曾经有一座城市。
The noise seems to be coming from within the building.吵闹声像是从楼房里传出来的。
without prep. ①不,无,没:Don’t go out without a coat on.不要没穿外衣就出去。
②若无,若非:Without water, we cannot live.没有水,我们就活不了。
【拓展】do without没有也行,将就(着),用不着:
He thinks that he can do without my help.他认为没有我帮忙也行。
During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to do without bread for days.战争时期缺少食品,即使很富有的家庭也不得不将就着连续几天没有面包吃。
witness n.见证人,目击者,(法庭上的)证人:
He was a witness to the accident.他是那次事故的目击者。
She was a witness to the tragic event.她目睹了这一悲惨事件。
Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。
The lawyer examined the witness.律师讯问了证人。
v.①亲眼看见,目睹,目击:
He witnessed the accident.他亲眼看见那个意外事故。
Did anyone witness the traffic accident?有谁目击了这场交通事故?
She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.她被亲眼目睹的暴虐场面惊呆了。
②是发生……的地点(或时间、组织等),见证:
Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。
The retail trade is witnessing a sharp fall in sales.零售业的销售额在急剧下降。
③为……作证:Ask a friend to witness your signature.请一位朋友给你的签名作证。
wolf(pl wolves) n.狼:
The wolf has a terror of fire.狼特别怕火。
It is said that there are wolves in this forest.据说这片森林里有狼。
woman(pl women) n.妇女,女人:
That medical team is made up of20 women doctors.那个医疗队是由20名女医生组成的。
wonder n.①惊讶,惊叹:She looked at him in wonder.她惊讶地看着他。
②奇迹,奇观:the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观
v.①疑惑,惊奇:I wonder at what you say.你的话令我吃惊。
②想知道:I wonder if I might use your phone.不知可否用一下你的电话。
【拓展】①(It is/was) no/little wonder (that)...难怪……,……并不奇怪:
No wonder(that)he didn’t want to go.难怪他不想去。
It is no wonder that you are tired. You’ve been walking for hours.
难怪你累了。你已经走了好几个小时了。
②有时为了使语气更委婉或更带试探性,可用一般过去时或过去进行时(但并不表示过去意义):I wondered/was wondering if you would spend the evening with us.不知你是否愿意今晚和我们在一起。
wonderful adj.美妙的,精彩的,极好的:This is a wonderful place for a picnic.这里是野餐的好地方。
wood n.①木头,木材:We can use plastics in place of wood or metal.我们可用塑料来代替木材或金属。
②(常用复)树林,森林:She got lost in the wood(s).她在森林里迷路了。
wool n.羊毛,羊绒:It’s hard to cut wool from sheep.剪羊毛很困难。
We wear wool in winter.我们冬天穿毛料衣服(毛衣)。
word n.①词,单词:You can look the word up in the dictionary.你可以在词典里查这个词。
②话,言语:Tell me in your own words.用你自己的话告诉我。
I try to answer, but there is no word.我尝试着去回答,但却无言以对。
Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.
我还没有来得及插话,裁缝已给我量好了尺寸。
③口信,消息:I received word of his safe arrival.我接到他平安抵达的消息。
④承诺,保证:I give you my word that I will return.我向你承诺/保证我会回来的。
【拓展】①break one’s word失信,食言:
I’m surprised to hear that he has broken his word.我真想不到他会失信。
对比:eat one’s words收回前言,承认说错:I’ve got to eat my words.我只好承认我说错了。
②have a word with同……说句话:May I have a word with you?我可以同你谈谈吗?
对比:have words with同……争吵:
I saw Jim after the meeting. We had words.会后我见到了吉姆,我们吵架了。
③in a/one word一句话,总而言之:In a word, he loves you.一句话,他爱你。
④in other words换句话说,也就是说:
You say you took the book without his permission. In other words, you stole it.
你说你未经他允许拿了那本书,也就是说,你偷了那本书。
⑤keep one’s word信守诺言:They kept their word.他们信守诺言。
⑥leave word留言:
He left word with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon.
他留言给我秘书,说他下午再打电话来。
⑦send/bring word 捎信,传话,通知:
He sent word that he would be late.他捎信来说他将迟来。
⑧word for word逐词地,原原本本地:
Tell me what she said, word for word.把她说的一五一十地告诉我。
⑨A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.what
光说空话不做事,犹如花园光长刺。
⑩Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩/行动胜于语言。
work n.①工作,劳动:I go to work every day.我每天上班。
②职业,差事:He is looking for work.他在找工作。
③(用复数)工厂:The steel works is closed for the holidays.钢铁厂因放假关了门。
④作品,著作:These are his important works.这些是他的重要著作。
(表示“工作”、“职业”等,不可数;表示“作品”、“著作”时,可数;表示“工厂”时,总是用复数形式,但可以表示单数意义,如可说a works一家工厂,some glass works几家玻璃工厂)。
v.①工作: I had to work for a living.我不得不工作谋生。
②行得通、奏效:The plan won’t work? How so?这个计划行不通吗?怎么会的?
③开动(机器等),(机器等)运转:The machine is worked by electricity.这机器是电动的。
【拓展】①at work在上班:He is at work now.他现在上班。
②out of work失业:
He is out of work now.他现在正在失业。
He was out of work when the factory closed.他在工厂倒闭后失业了。
③work on从事于,致力于,继续工作:
If I choose to work on other projects in my own time, then I say that is my business.
如果我选择在业余时间做其他项目,我认为那是我自己的事情。
He is working on a new novel.他在写一本新小说。
④work out (计)算出,想出,解决,弄清楚,(如期)发生,进展(顺利):
Work out how much all these things will cost.算计算计买这么多东西要多少钱。
I’ll try and work something out.我要设法想个办法出来。
It took me some time to work out what was causing this.我花了一些时间才弄清此事的起因。
Things just didn’t work out as planned.事情根本没有按计划进行。
I hope it will work out well.我希望进展顺利。
worker n.工人,劳动者,工作者:
About three-fifths of the workers in that steel works are young people.
那家钢铁厂大约五分之三的工人是年轻人。
A former loafter, he is now an advanced worker.他这个昔日浪子,今日成了先进工作者。
world n.①(连用the)世界:People all over the world love peace.全世界的人民都热爱和平。
②(连用the)社会,世间:She doesn’t know the world yet.她不懂人情世故。
③(连用the)世人,全世界的人:The whole world know about it.全世界的人都知道这件事。
【拓展】in the world在世界上,究竟,到底:
Which is the biggest city in the world?世界上最大的城市是哪个?
Where in the world has he gone?他到底到哪儿去了?
worldwide adj.遍及全球的,世界范围的:
The story has attracted worldwide attention.这件事已经引起了全世界的关注。
Gasoline now has an almost worldwide use.汽油在全世界范围内被广泛使用。
【拓展】adv.遍及全世界:Our product is sold worldwide.我们的产品行销世界各地。
worm n.软体虫,蠕虫(尤指蚯蚓):
The bird had a worm in its beak.鸟儿嘴里叼着一条虫。
They are birds looking for worms.它们是觅食蠕虫的鸟。
worn adj.①用坏的,磨破的:The shirt was worn to rags.这件衬衫已穿得破烂不堪。
②憔悴的,筋疲力尽的:He came back worn and worried.他回来时又疲惫又忧虑。
【拓展】参看wear词条中的be worn out:
worry n.①烦恼,担忧:She has no worry at all.她没有一点烦恼。
②烦恼的事(人),烦恼的原因:My father has a lot of worries.我父亲有许多烦恼的事。
v.①担心,烦恼:Don’t worry about it.别为此事烦恼。
②使……担心,使……烦恼:He worried himself about his future.他担心自己的将来。
【拓展】worried adj. 感到担忧的/担心的/烦恼的(指心理感受);worrying令人担忧的(指给他人的感觉或印象):
He has a worried look.他神色忧虑。
She is worried about her sick mother.她担心她生病的母亲。
The situation in Ethiopia in particular is worrying.埃塞俄比亚的局势尤其令人担忧。
worth prep.& adj.
①值得……的:
It might be worth thinking about.这可能值得考虑。
His words are worth notice.他的话值得注意。
No one is worth a great deal of sacrifice.没有谁值得付出重大的牺牲。
②值(多少钱):It’s might be worth a lot of money.它可能值很多钱。
③拥有……价值的财产:He is worth a million dollars.他身家百万。
n.价值,意义,值一定金额的数量:
The thieves stole 1 million pounds’ worth of treasure.窃贼偷走了价值100万英磅的金银财宝。
Just 44 years old, his net worth tops $20 billion.年仅44岁,他的财富纯价值已高达200亿美元。
【拓展】①worth one’s while值得某人去做,值得某人花时间:
The work is worth your while.这工作值得你花时间去做。
②It’s worth (one’s) while to do sth. (doing sth.)某事值得某人去做:
It’s worth while doing /to do the work.这项工作值得做。
It will be worth your while to come to the meeting.你来参加会议对你会大有好处。
③表示值得做某事时,后接的动词不能用不定式,要用动名词(用主动形式表示被动意义),且按传统语法,句子主语应是该动名词的逻辑宾语,但在现代英语中也用形式主语it句子主语:The film is worth seeing.=It is worth seeing the film.这部电影值得看。
④要加强worth的语气,习惯上不用very,而用well:
There are a few books on the shelf. But only one of them is well worth reading.
书架上有一些书,但只有一本书非常值得一读。
⑤worthless adj.没有价值的,没有用的:
His advice was worthless to me.他的劝告对我毫无用处。
The coin was almost completely worthless.这块硬币几乎完全没有价值。
⑥用于谚语A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过二鸟在林。
worthwhile adj.值得做的:
It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。
It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.把这再都写出来似乎不必要。
worthy adj.①值得……的:
He is worthy of our praise.他值得我们表扬。
The book is worthy of being read.这本书值得一读。
When we die for the people; it is a worthy death.我们为人民而死,就是死得其所。
②相称的,配得上的:I don’t think he is worthy of her.我认为他配不上她。
【拓展】deserve, worth, worthy 和worthwhile区别与联系(一句多译):
他关于改革方案的报告值得考虑。
His report on the reform plan deserves consideration/deserves considering/deserves to be considered.
His report on the reform plan is worth consideration.
His report on the reform plan is worth considering.
His report on the reform plan worthy of being considered.
His report on the reform plan is worthy to be considered.
It is worth considering his report on the reform plan.
It is worthwhile considering his report on the reform plan.
It is worthwhile to consider his report on the reform plan.
另外:①worth是一个只能作表语的形容词,不可以用作定语。
②worthy可作表语,也可作定语:
This is a worthy English-Chinese dictionary.这是一本有价值的英汉词典。
This is a worthy article.这是一篇值得一看的文章。
He said he was not worthy to accept such honour.他说他不配接受这样的荣誉。
作后置定语时,必须用“worthy of +名词”结构:
There is nothing worthy of mention.没有值得一提的事情。
This is behavior worthy of praise.这是值得称赞的行为。
③worthwhile与worthy一样,既可作表语,又可作定语。表示某事因重要、有趣或受益大而值得花时间、金钱或努力去做,一般做“值得的”、“值得做的”、“有意义的”解。用作表语时,可接动名词或动词不定式:
The Summer Palace is worthwhile going/to go to have a visit.
颐和园值得去参观一下。
Helping old people is a worthwhile activity.帮助老年人是一项有意义的行动。
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion.谢谢你的宝贵建议。
I really feel I am doing something worthwhile.
我真的觉得我在做一些值得做的事情。
would modal v.
①(will的过去式)将会:
You said you would be free that night.你说那晚上你有空。
②意愿:He wouldn’t help me yesterday.他昨天不愿帮助我。
Liu Hulan would rather die than surrender before the enemy.刘胡兰在敌人面前宁死不屈。
③(委婉地征求意见或提出请求):
Would you please post the letter for me?请帮我寄了这封信好吗?
Would you like me to interpret for you?要不要我来帮你翻译?
Would you like to tell me what happened?能告诉我发生了什么事吗?
④过去常常:
When he was young he would often walk in these woods.他年轻时常在这些树林里散步。
wound v.受伤,伤害:
Two soldiers died and three others were wounded in the attack.
在这次袭击中,有两名士兵牺牲,三名受伤。
He was deeply wounded by their disloyalty.因为他们不忠,他十分伤心。
You should pay attention not to wound his pride.注意不要伤害他的自尊心。
n.创伤,伤口:
I hope her emotional wound will heal with the passing of time.
我希望她感情上的创伤能随时间的流逝而治愈。
She got deep psychological wounds.她受到很深的心理创伤。
The soldier received a serious wound on the chest.这名士兵胸部受了重伤。
That was a wound to the child’s pride.那是对孩子自尊心的伤害。
The wound is healing fast.伤口愈合得很快。
【拓展】①wounded adj.受伤的:The wounded were taken off to the hospital.伤员被送到了医院。
②hurt, injure, wound的区别参看hurt词条。
wrap v.包,裹,覆盖,隐藏:
He is all wrapped up in his scientific studies.他完全埋头于科学研究之中。
Wrap the meat in foil before you cook it.把肉用锡箔裹起来后再烧。
The events are wrapped in mystery.这些事情隐藏在神秘的气氛之中。
【拓展】①wrap up动词短语的意义见下列例句:
You should wrap up the gift in a paper.你应该把礼物用纸包好。
He wrapped up his meaning in a fancy speech.他把自己的意图隐藏在精心措词的语言里。
She tried to wrap up a censure in a polite formula.她试图用客套的话掩饰指责之意。
Let’s wrap up the job and go home.我们收工回家吧。
It’s time again for us to wrap up our program.我们今天的节目又要结束了。
②unwrap v.打开/解开/拆开……的包装 :
Don’t unwrap your present until your birthday.生日礼物要等到你生日那天才可打开。
③wrapper n.包装纸,封套,封皮:
Put the wrapper in the bin.把包装纸扔进垃圾箱。
wrestle v.①摔跤,与……搏斗:Can you wrestle?你会摔跤吗?
②奋战,拼命,对抗:We must wrestle with the task.我们必须拼命完成这项任务。
③奋力对付,努力处理,全力解决,试图解决,绞尽脑汁处理:
She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem.
她整个周末都在绞尽脑汁处理这个问题。
He wrestled with the controls as the plane plunged.飞机向下冲时,他竭力控制住操纵装置。
She has been wrestling to raise the money all year.她一年来一直在想方设法筹集这笔资金。
wrinkle n.皱纹:She’s beginning to get wrinkles round her eyes.她的眼角开始有皱纹了。
wrist n.手腕:He seized me by the wrist.他抓住我的手腕。
write(wrote, written) v.
①写,书写:
Please write me the result.=Please write the result to me.请把结果写给我。
He wrote down the outline of his lecture.他写下演讲的提纲。
②写作:He wrote several books on Britain.他写了几本讨论英国的书。
③写信(给某人):He wrote to say he wouldn’t come.他写信说他不来了。
【拓展】writer n.作家,作者,撰写人,写字的人:
Turner is a writer and critic.特纳是作家兼批评家。
She is a prolific writer of novels and short stories.
她是一位多产的作家,写了很多小说和短篇故事。
No-one is to see the document without the permission of the writer of the report.
此报告未经作者允许,任何人不得翻阅。
wrong adj.①错误的:
It would be wrong for you to refuse.你如果拒绝就错了。
Sorry, I must have dialled the wrong number.对不起,我一定是拨错电话号码了。
He was driving on the wrong side of the road.他开车行驶在道路逆行的一侧。
②不正常的,有毛病的:
What’s wrong with the car this time?汽车这次又出了什么事?
The radio which I bought last week has gone wrong.
我上周买的收音机坏了。
③(道德上)坏的,不正当的:Stealing is wrong.偷窃是不对的。
④不适合的,不妥当的,不适当的:
A correct word used in a wrong cultural or religious context is a wrong word.
一个正确的字用在一个不适当的文化或宗教背景里,也将成为一个错字。
X-ray n. X射线,X光,X光片:
X-rays are used by doctors to examine the bones or organs inside our body.
X光被医生用来检查人体内部的骨骼和器官。
She went to the hospital for an X-ray yesterday.她昨天去医院作了X光检查。
The chest X-rays showed moderate enlargement of the heart.胸部X光片显示出心脏稍有扩大。
【拓展】X-ray v.照X光,X光检查:
All hand baggage must be x-rayed.所有的手提行李都必须接受X光检查。
yard n.①码(长度单位):Cloth is sold by the yard.布是按码卖的。
②院子:He parked his car in the yard.他把车停在院子里。
yawn v.①打呵欠:I felt so sleepy I couldn’t stop yawning.我感到很困,止不住地打呵欠。
②打着呵欠说:He yawned (out) a good night.他打着呵欠道晚安。
③张开大口,张得很开:
A crevasse yawned at their feet.他们的脚下是一条张开大口的裂缝。
There’s a yawning gap between rich and poor.贫富之间有一条鸿沟。
yeah adv.(多用在口语中)是,用于表示对后说的话不相信,(用于作出回应)是,哦,好的等等
—I think you’re being paranoid.我认为你太多疑了。
—Yeah. I guess so. 是啊,我也是这样认为。
—I’m going to be rich one day.总有一天我会发财的。
—Oh yeah(= I don’t believe you.)? 哦,真的?
—We’re off to France soon.我们很快就要去法国了。
—Oh yeah? When’s that?哦,是吗?什么时候去呀?
—Bring us something to drink.给我们拿点喝的。
—Yeah, yeah. 好的,好的。
year n.①年:Winter is the coldest season in a year.冬季是一年中最冷的季节。
The thief was put into prison for one year.小偷被监禁一年。
②岁:She is sixteen years old but has a mental age of five.她十六岁,而智力年龄是五岁。
③年度,学年:
She was designated sportswoman of the year.她被指定为本年度的体坛明星。
Mary will proceed to the degree of M.A. this year.玛丽本学年将继续攻读硕士学位。
【拓展】①all(the)year round全年,整年:
We used to work six days a week all (the) year round.我们过去全年都是每周工作6天。
②year after year年年,年复一年,一年又一年:
It’s always the same, year after year.年年总是如此。
Four seasons cycle year after year. 年复一年(一年又一年),四季循环往复。
③year by year一年一年地:
Year by year their business grew.他们的生意一年一年地发展了起来。
④yearly adj.每年的,一年一度的,一年间的;adv.每年,一年一度:
In Holland, the government sets a yearly budget for health care.
在荷兰,政府会制定医疗保健部门的年度预算。
This is their average yearly output.这是他们每年的平均产量。
They breed twice yearly.它们每年繁殖两次。
I get a physical examination yearly.我一年做一次身体检查。
yell v.大声叫喊,大喊大叫,大声喊出:
You don’t have to yell; I can hear you.你用不着大声叫喊,我听得见。
He yelled at her to be careful.他大声叫她注意。
Don’t yell at me!别对我大喊大叫!
We yelled our good-byes as the bus left.汽车离开时我们大喊再见。
Let’s yell out beautiful, practical and challenging sentences to crack your pronunciation.
让我们喊出漂亮,实用有意义的句子来突破英语的发音。
yellow adj. ①黄色的:The traffic light turned yellow.黄灯亮了。
②黄皮肤的,黄色人种的:
Chinese people belong to the yellow race. They have yellow skin, and black eyes.
中国人是黄种人,他们有着黄皮肤和黑眼睛。
③胆怯的,懦弱的:He is too yellow to stand up and fight.他太胆怯而不敢起来抵抗。
【拓展】a yellow dog卑鄙的人:
He is a yellow dog, and all of us hate him.他是个卑鄙小人,我们都讨厌他。
yes interj.& adv.
①(表示肯定答复或同意)是,是的:
“Is this your car?” “Yes, it is.” “这是你的车吗?”“对,是的。”
②(表示疑问或反问,读升调)是吗,真的吗:
“The boy can run 100 metres in eleven seconds.” “Yes?”“这男孩跑100米只要11秒。”“真的吗?”
③(用来应答呼唤)嗳,我在这儿,有什么事:
“Mary!” “Yes, mother.”“玛丽!”“我在这儿,妈妈!”
④(用来征求对方意见,用升调)对不对,好不好:
Let’s go out for a walk, yes?我们出去散散步,好不好?
⑤(表同意)对,不错:
Yes, it is right, but it isn’t workable.不错,那样做是对的,但是那样做行不通。
yesterday n.昨天:
Yesterday was Friday.昨天是星期五。
He brought up another idea at yesterday’s meeting.昨天的会上他又提出了一个想法。
They arrived in Paris the day before yesterday.前天他们到达了巴黎。
Yesterday is a day of nightmare to me.昨天对我来讲,有点像恶梦般的一天。
adv.昨天:I saw him only yesterday.我昨天才见到他。
yet adv.①(用于否定句)还(没):He hasn’t come yet.他还没来。
②(用于疑问句)现在,已经:Has he left yet?他已离开了吗?
③(修饰比较级)更加,还要:You must work yet harder.你工作还要加把劲。
【拓展】①and yet/but yet虽然如此,可是,然而:
The boy is fat and (but) yet he runs very fast.这男孩虽胖,却跑得很快。
②as yet到目前为止,迄今(通常用于否定句):
As yet, there’s been no news.到目前为此还没有消息。
③not yet还没有,尚未:
—Have you got the plan ready yet?计划做好了吗?
—No, not yet.还没做好。
yoghurt n.酸乳酪,酸奶:Two strawberry yoghurts, please.请来两份草酸乳酪。
you pron.①你,你们(主宾格代词):
I shall wait for you at about seven-thirty.我将在大约7点30分等你。
Do you have a room available?你们有空房间吗?
②泛指(任何人):Nobody wants to help you in this town.在这座小城市里没有人愿意帮助别人。
young adj.年轻的,幼小的:Respect the old and cherish the young.尊老爱幼。
【拓展】①young与定冠词连用,表示“年轻人”(具有复数意义):
The young are mostly ambitious.年轻人多半有雄心。
②youngster n.年轻人,少年:
The camp is for youngsters aged 8 to 14.这次夏令营是为8至14岁的少年儿童安排的。
your pron.你的,你们的(形容词性物主代词):
Your work falls short of my expectations.你的工作未达到我的期望。
Please advise us of any change in your plan.你们的计划倘有变更,请告诉我们。
yours pron.(名词性物主代词)你的,你们的:
His problem is similar to yours.他的问题和你的相似。
Our feelings are in unison with yours.我们的感情与你们的感情是一致的。
yourself(pl yourselves) pron.你/你们自己,你/你们亲自:
Please make yourself at home.请别客气。
You can try it out for yourselves.你们可以亲自试一试。
youth n.①青春:She lost her youth.她青春不再。
②青年时代,年轻时候:He was quite a good sportsman in his youth.他年轻时是运动健将。
③青年人:The youth today are worried about jobs.今天的年轻人担心找不到工作。
yummy adj.美味的,挺好的:
This cake is really yummy.蛋糕非常美味。
Chocolate cake for tea? How yummy!有巧克力蛋糕当茶点?多好吃啊!
I could eat a whole pot of that hot, yummy carrot.我可以吃一锅那样的又热又好吃的胡萝卜。
zero n.①(数字的)零:
One minus one leaves zero. 一减一等于零。
The official said that the central government has been combating corruption with a zero-tolerance policy.
这位官员表示中央政府在反腐败问题上始终依从零容忍政策。
②零度:It was 10 below zero this morning.今天早上的气温是零下10度。
③最低点,乌有:
His reputation was rapidly sinking below zero.魔术师的信誉一下子下降到最低点。
His hope was reduced to zero.他的希望化为乌有。
zip v.①拉开(或扣上)……的拉链,拉链:He zipped the bag open.他拉开了包的拉链。
②压缩(文档):These files have been zipped up to take up less disk space.
这些文档已经进行了压缩,以节省磁盘空间。
n.①拉链:The zip stuck because it was caught by a thread.拉链被线卡住了, 拉不动。
②精力,活力:We need to put some zip into this presentation.我们需要为这次演出注人一些活力。
【拓展】zip up增添滋味:
A little garlic will zip up the fish.鱼里加点大蒜,味道会更好一点。
zone n.①区域,地带,时区:
They have declared their country a, nuclear-free zone.他们宣布本国为无核区。
The Norwegians live in a comparatively cold zone.挪威人生活在比较寒冷的地区。
They are pulling their troops out of the battle zone.他们正把部队调离战区。
②气候带:My uncle lived in the temperate zone.我舅舅住在气候温带地区。
zoo n.动物园:Did you see any elephants in the zoo last week?上星期你在动物园里看到大象了吗?
zoom v.①飞驰,飞快地掠过:
A police car zoomed by very close to them.一辆警车从他们身边擦身疾驰而过。
The plane zoomed up into the sky and was soon out of sight.那架飞机陡直飞上天空,很快就不见了。
②嗡嗡作响:We heard a jet plane zooming overhead.我们听见喷气式飞机在头上嗡嗡作响。
③(价格)飞涨,急速上升:House prices have zoomed up this year.今年房屋价格飞涨。