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04 高考核心语法知识点精练4(介词和介词短语)- 高考英语一轮复习核心语法知识精讲精练(通用版)
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这是一份04 高考核心语法知识点精练4(介词和介词短语)- 高考英语一轮复习核心语法知识精讲精练(通用版),共9页。试卷主要包含了—Gd mrning, Mr等内容,欢迎下载使用。
高考核心语法知识点精练4(介词和介词短语)1.—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A.for B.on C.in D.at2.We charge parcels ________ weight, rather than individual units.A.in honor of B.in contact with C.in terms of D.in connection with3.In matters of style, swim with the current; in matters of principle, stand __a rock A.with B.as C.by D.like4.The police are reopening the investigation ________ the new evidence.A.in tune with B.in conflict withC.in light of D.in place of5.The openair celebration has been put off______ the bad weather.A.in case of B.in spite ofC.instead of D.because of6.The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.A.on B.byC.in D.at7.Soon after dinner, Wayne drove off ______ the direction of Paris.A.to B.at C.for D.in8.A serious study of physics is impossible _______ some knowledge of mathematics.A.against B.beforeC.beyond D.without9.Modern zoos should shoulder more social responsibility _______ social progress and awareness of the public.A.in light of B.in favor ofC.in honor of D.in praise of10.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________it.A.against B.forC.to D.with11.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon, which, _____ misunderstanding, is not always dark.A.similar to B.familiar toC.contrary to D.superior to12.Although this product is environmental protection, few people show interest in it because of its high price.A.in terms of B.in favor ofC.on account of D.in response to13. I think the director’s attitude ________ this program will decide what we should do next.14.His remark was considered to be quite _____, because it deepened the gap between two parties and caused more conflicts.A.out of place B.out of mind C.out of question D.out of order15.It was obvious that the meeting was concerned ________ the housing reform and everyone present was concerned ________ their own interests.A.with;with B.with;forC.for;about D.about;with16.Now, I doubt if there’s anybody here who is indifferent between the choices, indifferent _______the choice between these two lives.A.in favor of B.in honor ofC.in place of D.in regard to17.All children should get access to a high-quality education _______ their race, zip code or family income.A.due to B.regardless ofC.apart from D.depending on18.“How could you treat me like that?” John asked his wife, eyeing her angrily from _______ the kitchen table.A.at B.across C.through D.on19.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with20.Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather.A.in place of B.as well as C.except for D.in case of21. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.A. below B. on C. at D. above22. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?A. about B. to C. with D. over23.These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of24. The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street. A. on B. by C. in D. at25._______A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.A. of B. on C. to D. with26.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison.A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for27.They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.A. out of date B. out of order C. around the clock D. around the corner28.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined. A.in advance B.in detail C. in total D.in general 29.The Smiths are praised _______ the way they bring up their children. A. from B. by C. at D. for 30.The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will . A. in particular B. in turn C. in charge D. in time 答案与解析:1.A【解析】考查介词。句意:——早上好,Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午(和Mr. Lee见面)。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”,是固定搭配,故A选项正确。点睛:make an appointment with sb.和某人预约;make an appointment for为……预约。2.C【解析】句意:我们根据包裹的重量,而不是包裹的件数收费。A. in honor of为了对……表示敬意;B. in contact with与……有联系,接触;C. in terms of根据,在……方面;D. in connection with与……有关,有联系。表示根据什么计费。故选C。3.D【解析】句意:风尚的事情,随波逐流;原则问题,坚如磐石。A. with和.....一起;B. as作为,当作;像…一样,如同;C. by靠近,在…旁边,由......;D. like相似,类似,像.....:后面只跟名词或代词。根据语境可知,此处是个比喻,比喻人站的像/巨石一样坚定。As和like有“像......,如同......”。但二者是用区别的,as是介词时,可译作“作为,当作”;作连词时,“(比较时用)像…一样,如同;(指事情以同样的方式发生)和…一样”,后面一般跟省略句;C. by靠近,在…旁边,由......;D. like是介词,“相似,类似,像......”,后面只跟名词或代词。本空后面是名词a rock。可知要用like,而不能用as。故选D。4.C【解析】句意:警方正根据新的证据重新展开调查。A. in tune with与……一致;B. in conflict with和……冲突;C. in light of根据,鉴于;D. in place of代替。分析句子可知,应该根据新证据重新调查,故选C。5.D【解析】A. 万一,以防;B. 不论;C. 而不是;D. 因为。句意:开放庆典由于天气恶劣被推迟。故选D。6.B【解析】试题分析:句意:这个小学生拉住他奶奶的膀子和她一起穿过街道。take sb. by the arm拉住某人的膀子,所以选B。【名师点睛】介词的考查一般与方位有关,也有的是一些习惯搭配,这题就是这样。take sb by the arm拉住某人的膀子,如果是“打某人的脸”就是hit sb in the face。如果是“打某人的后背”就是用hit sb on the back。7.D【解析】in the direction of朝……方向。句意:晚餐后不久,Wayne开车朝巴黎方向驶去。8.D【解析】句意:不掌握一定的数学知识是没有办法对物理学进行系统地研究的。against:反对,违反;before:在…之前,先于;beyond:超过;越过;without:没有;在……外面。选D。9.A【解析】句意:现代的动物园应该根据社会的进步和公众的意识来承担更多的社会责任。A. in light of根据,鉴于;B. in favor of有利于,支持;C. in honor of 为了纪念;D. in praise of歌颂,为赞扬。此处表示根据,故选A。10.A【解析】be against反对,符合句意。be for支持,赞成;be to到达;be with和……在一起,都与句意不符。11.C【解析】A. similar to与------相似; B. familiar to某事为某人熟知; C. contrary to与------相反; D. superior to比------优越。句意:中国成功地在月球的远端发射了一艘宇宙飞船,这与误解相反,月球远端并不总是黑暗的。结合句意可知答案为C。12.B【解析】A. in terms of 就---而言; B. in favor of支持;C. on account of 为了---的缘故;D. in response to对---有反应。句意:虽然这种产品有利环保,但因其价格昂贵,几乎无人问津。 故选B。13.A【解析】句意:我认为导演对于这个项目的态度将会决定我们下一步怎么做?the attitude towards 。。对。。的态度,故选A项。考点 : 考查介词辨析14.A【解析】句意:他的评论被认为是不恰当,因为它加深了两党的间隙,导致更多的冲突。A. out of place不适当,B. out of mind发狂,疯狂C. out of question没问题,D. out of order秩序混乱。由“deepened the gap,caused more conflicts” 可知,out of place“不恰当 ”符合句意。故选A项。15.B【解析】句意:很显然,这次会议是有关房屋改革的,所有在场的人都很关心他们自己的利益。be concerned with与……有关;be concerned for关心,为……担忧。故选B。16.D【解析】句意:现在我怀疑这里是否有人在这些选择之中是冷漠的,不关心关于这两种生命之间的选择。in favor of支持,赞同;in honor of向……致敬;in place of代替,取代;in regard to关于。D项符合语境。17.B【解析】A. due to由于;B. regardless of不管;C. apart from且不说;D. depending on根据。句意:所有的孩子都应该获得高质量的教育,无论他们的种族、居住地区和家庭收入如何。根据句意可知此处表示“无论、不管”,故B项正确。18.B【解析】句意:约翰问他妻子:“你怎么能这样对待我”,从餐桌对面生气的看着她。这里的across表示“在……对面”,A. at在……地方;C. through穿过……内部;D. on在……上面,都不符合语境,故选B。19.D【解析】句意:人的生活是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of在……眼里;B.in need of需要;;C.in touch with和……接触; D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词,根据句意,故选D。【点睛】短语辨析和单词的考察在试卷中经常出现。通常在介绍一个词语的时候会顺带着列出其固定搭配的短语。对于短语而言,没有捷径可言,只有老老实实的记忆。当然介词短语的记忆可以结合具体介词以及主要的名词的意思来进行记忆。20.C【解析】A项in place of表示“代替,取代”;B项as well as表示“又,也,还”;C项except for 意思是“除----之外”,表示在说明了基本(整体)情况之后,再对细节进行说明”;D项in case of表示“万一,假使”。本句的意思是:除天气之外,所有情况对于野炊来说非常好。在本句中,可以将“天气”看成是“所有情况”当中的一个细节,故选C。21.D 【解析】 句意:去年是有纪录以来最热的一年,全球平均气温上升0.68度。With 的宾语global temperature ,宾语补足above the average。 【名师点睛】with的复合结构中,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式或分词充当。而本题考查with +名词/代词+介词短语,而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句中的the warmest year on record起重要作用,可知高出平均气温。22. B【解析】句意:你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家?home to sth 固定搭配,是什么的家园的意思。该句是一个疑问句,其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。【名师点睛】本题考查到了分析句子成分的能力。当遇到一个句子比较复杂的时候,比如含有从句或疑问句时,要划分句子成分。对于疑问句,首先把它转化为陈述句,然后找出句子的主谓宾,把那一些修饰成分去掉,最后就可以知道该题考查的是be home to sth.23.B【解析】句意:这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of 意为纪念, B. in response to意为回应,C. in touch with意为联系,D. in possession of意为拥有。分析句子成分知道空格处充当介词短语作状语的作用,根据常识和句意,评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词+介词的形式,本句另外还含有一个过去分词(asked by local newsmen)作定语的用法。24.B【解析】句意:这个小学生拉住他奶奶的膀子和她一起穿过街道。 take sb. by the arm拉住某人的膀子,所以选B。25.A【解析】考察介词辨析。A.of表示关于,表示从属关系;B.on表示在…之上;C.to表示对于;D.with表示和…在一起。该句意思为:他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。故选A【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词的形式。需要考生掌握好相应介词的功能。26.D【解析】句意:要不是爱迪生的发明,今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存在。A项“多亏”,具有很强的迷惑性,如将题干改成“_______ Thomas Edison, now we can benefit from many of the things around us.”则选A项;B项“不管,不顾”;C项“除了”;D项“要不是”,常用于隐藏式(含蓄式)虚拟条件句。故选D项。27.D【解析】句意:他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多好的方面的变化。A过时的;B发生故障的;C昼夜不停地;D即将来临。故选D。28.A【解析】句意:这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你:如果你在这里吸烟,会被罚款。A项“提前”;B项“详细地”;C项“总共,总计”;D项“大体上,笼统地”。故选A项。29.D【解析】A项from“从,来自于”;B项by“通过,被”;C项at“在”;D项意为“因为,为了”,此处表示原因,符合句意。30. D【解析】四个选项的意思分别是“特别,尤其”,“依次,轮流”,“负责”,“及时;不久”,根据句意,答案明显是D。
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