16 高考核心语法知识点精练16（英语句子成分）- 高考英语一轮复习核心语法知识精讲精练(通用版）

这是一份16 高考核心语法知识点精练16（英语句子成分）- 高考英语一轮复习核心语法知识精讲精练(通用版），共16页。
高考核心语法知识点精练16
（英语句子成分）
1._________ has recently been done to provide more buses, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.
A.That B.What C.In spite of what D.Though what
2.The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than _________.
A.that for us B.it has for us C.it did for us D.it did for ours
3._______, Toscanini was born in Italy in 1867.
A.He was a great conductor B.A great conductor
C.A great conductor who was D.Though a great conductor
4.The employee you had thought highly dishonest.
A.of proving B.of proved C.of to prove D.of being proved
5.There _____________. And here ________________ .
A.goes the phone; she comes. B.is the phone going; is she
C.does the phone go; does she come D.the phone goes; come she
6.General Eisenhower once told his soldiers that what ________ not necessarily the size of the dog in the fight-it's the size of the fight in the dog.
A.is counted B.counts is C.is counted is D.to count is
7.His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
A.so as to B.such as to
C.so that D.such that
8.Is this school ________ we visited 3 years ago?
A.that B.where C.which D.the one
9.______ that her father has named her and her brothers after his first set of children.
A.To the tension is adding the fact B.Adding to the tension is the fact
C.The fact is adding to the tension D.Adding to the fact is the tension
10.He then shut himself up in the room, ________ nobody come near him, and got ready to work alone.
A.letting B.to let C.let D.being let
11.The invention of telegram ________ the transmission of messages to any part of the world within a few seconds.
A.made it possible B.made possible C.made possible D.made it possibly
12.The financial crisis(危机) and the suffering ________ has caused have a great influence on the whole world.
A.they B.it C.which D.what
13.Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs.
A.is B.does C.are D.do
14.If it’s possible to be famous and yet not really well known, ______ describes the father who raised me.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
15.So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A.the attack did B.did the attack C.the attack was D.was the attack
16.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.
A.seizing; disappeared B.seized; disappeared
C.seizing; disappearing D.seized; disappearing
17.We were greatly amused by ________.
A.what you have told us B.which you had told us
C.what you told us D.that you told us
18.As they’re handmade, each one __________ slightly in shape.
A.various B.varied C.varies D.variety
19. My dictionary ________ . I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it .
A.has lost ; do not find B.is missing ; do not find
C.has lost ; have not found D.is missing ; have not found
20.He loves his parents deeply, and ________ are very kind to him.
A.both of whom B.both of who C.both of them D.both of that
21._______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.
A.Having been told B.Though he had been told
C.He had been told D.Having told
22.He is ________ everyone respects.
A.the person B.which C.whom D.who
23.Word got round quickly throughout the country that the national women's volleyball team _________the championship in the Olympic Games.
A.will won B.had won C.won D.has won
24.______ I referred to in class is the weird world of plants.
A.Knowing to be the best chapter B.Known as the best chapter
C.The best-known chapter D.To know it as the best chapter
25.Nowadays more and more students are working directly on the Internet where different types of course are supplied.
What is the sentence elements(句子成分)of the underlined words?
A.adverbial 状语
B.complement 补语
C.attributive 定语
D.appositive 同位语
26.Any ordinary person would find it hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard works.
What is the sentence elements(句子成分)of the underlined words?
A.subjects 主语
B.predicate 谓语
C.object 宾语
D.predicative 表语
27.Identify sentence elements in the following sentences:
The way you look at people doesn’t give them a good impression
A.S. SC.V. O. OC B.S. Attr.V. Oi. Od
C. S.SC.V. Oi. Od D.S. Attr. V. O. OC
28.John gave Mary many new books.
A.状语 B.定语
C.宾语 D.宾补
29.He is working in the room.
A.状语 B.定语
C.宾语 D.宾补
30.---- Will Thursday or Friday ____ you ? ---- Either will _____ .
A.fit ; be B.fit ; OK C.suit ; all right D.suit ; do
31.Never should we forget the war and sufferings ________ caused to the people.
A.it B.which
C.that D.what
32.The bridge built ten years ago _____ the island _____ the mainland.
A.connects; to B.connecting; with C.is connected; to D.connected; by
33.Suddenly, a man driving a motor car _______ the girl’s bag and took it away, ______ into the darkness.
A.seizing , disappeared B.seized, disappeared
C.seizing, disappearing D.seized, disappearing
34.________ for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.
A.Having been ill B.Though he was ill
C.Being ill D.He was ill
35.The party we had been looking forward to ____ to be a great disappointment.
A.turned up B.turned out
C.turning up D.turning out
36.He opened the door, ________ off his coat and went into the kitchen.
A.took B.taken C.held D.holding
37.So seriously ____ in the accident that the driver was sent to hospital at once.
A.was he injured B.he was injured
C.did he injure D.he did injure
38.Everyone may depend on ______ won’t happen again with these reassuring measures.
A.it that it B.that it C.that D.it
39.The young man waited in the park and after ____seemed half an hour the girl finally came.
A.that B.it C.which D.what
40.On hearing the news, she rushed out without hesitation, ________ her handbag ________ on the sofa and ________ in the distance.
A.left; lied; disappeared
B.leaving; lying; disappeared
C.leaving; laying; disappeared
D.left; lying; disappearing
41.This dictionary is at least three times as thick as you borrowed from the library.
A.one B.that C.it D.those
42.The audience _______ as they waited for the comedian to come on the stage.
A.fell silence B.fell silent
C.fall silently D.feel silent
43.---How do you like the food and service in our canteen?
---Much better than ______ used to be.
A.those B.one C.they D.that
44.To tell you the truth, the accident and the damages ______ caused frightened me so much that I almost gave up driving ever since.
A.it B.they C.which D.what
45.The fact _______she had not said anything _______all of us.
A.what; surprised B.what; was surprised
C.that; surprised D.that; was surprised
46. As time went by, the plan ____ fairly practical.
A.to proved B.to proving
C.proved D.to be proved
47.They are all interested in the newly-built apartments along the river, but _______ really want to buy any yet.
A.none of them
B.none of what
C.none of whom
D.none of which
48.___is our strong suggestion that he ______ a holiday, but___ doesn’t help.
A.As; takes; which B.As; should take; it
C.It; takes; which D.It; take; it
49.In a public library one has access to whatever book _________ in Britain.
A.appearing B.having appeared C.appears D.that appears
50.Henry made a list of all the possible solutions,______ helpful in handling the present situation, though.
A.none of them B.none of which
C.all of which D.all of them
51.During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman, _____brought the room to disorder.
A.it B.and which C.and that D.this
52.They each _____ a new dictionary.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
53.________ for knowledge is very strong.
A.His eagerness B.His eager
C.He is eager D.That his being eager
54.My father bought me several books, but _____ was interesting.
A.most of them B.none of them
C.none of which D.neither of which
55.“Could you please show me how to send an e-mail?”he asked.
→ show him how to send an e-mail.
A.He asked if I can B.He told me to
C.He asked me that I could D.He asked me to
56.Never should we forget peace and the happiness ______ brought to our country.
A.which B.that C.it D.what
57.During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at Ma Yingjiu, ________brought the room to disorder.
A.this B.it
C.and that D.and which
58.Who do you suppose _____ wants to go with to the cinema____ in the 1990’s.
A.she; building B.that she; building C.she; built D.that she; built
59. It makes good sense to buy a large packet because ________ will work out cheaper in the end.
A.it B.this
C.one D.they
60. If this bridge can't be repaired, ____ will mean no food will be transported to the flooded areas.
A.what B.it
C.as D.which

答案与解析：
1.C【解析】考查状语。句意：尽管近期已经有了提供更多公交车的举措，但公共交通工具的短缺仍然是个大问题。分析句子结构可知，后句成分完整且前后句用逗号连接，前句只能作状语，排除A、B选项。D选项用though引导状语从句，但只有what has recently been done这一个名词性的成分是不成句子的。只有C选项用短语in spite of可以构成状语。故选C项。
2.B【解析】考查比较状语从句和句子结构。句意：这个研究项目的目的比起我们来说对于他们有着更不同的意义。根据句意不难还原出完整的句子应该是“The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than the meaning that the purpose of the research project has for us”，其中主语The purpose of the research project已经出现要用it代替，而后句中同一主语同一谓语后的the meaning也需要省略。故选B项。
3.B【解析】考查同位语。句意：伟大的指挥家托斯卡尼尼1867年出生于意大利。分析句子结构可知此处用名词短语作Toscanini的同位语，补充说明主语Toscanini的身份。根据逗号可知，A选择项缺少连词连接。故B项正确。
4.B【解析】考查句子结构分析、固定短语和谓语动词。句意：你高度评价的那个雇员证明是不诚实的。主干句为：那个雇员证明是不诚实的。句中缺少谓语动词，所以用prove是谓语动词，表示“证明是”，prove是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。you had thought highly___ 是定语从句，修饰the employee，表示“对……高度评价”，应用短语think highly of，the employee在从句中作介词of的宾语。综上，空处应填of proved。故选B。
5.A【解析】考查全部倒装和句子成分。句意：电话响了。她来了。地点副词there/here位于句子开头，如果句子的主语是名词，则句子用全部倒装；如果句子的主语是人称代词，则句子不用倒装。分析句子结构，第一句的主语是the phone，用全部倒装；第二句的主语是she，不用倒装。故选A。
6.B【解析】考查时态和句子成分。句意：Eisenhower将军曾经告诉他的士兵们，决定这仗输赢的不一定是打仗的狗的块头，而是这一仗在它心中的份量。分析句子可知，狗的块头不重要，not necessarily 已经有否定，横线处应该填“重要的/起作用的是...”，count意为“起作用的”，并和what为被动关系。what is counted 为主语从句。故选B项。
7.B【解析】考查固定短语。句意：他如此幽默，全屋的人都被他逗乐了。此处在be动词后应是表语，such as to do或者such as that“到如此程度，如此……以至于……（正式或文学用语）”可以作表语。A项so as to只能作目的状语，不能作表语；C/D项引导结果状语从句。故选B。
【名师点睛】
做本题时，要抓住横线后动词make是动词原型，而非句子，故可以排除C、D两项；so as to“为的是； 是为了；以便”的意思，与其后的动词原形一起作目的状语，用来强调目的，故也可以排除。such as to的用法再举一例：His manner was such as to offend nearly everyone he met.他的举止几乎冒犯了所有他认识的人。
8.D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这所学校是我们三年前参观的那所吗？分析句子可知，主句中缺少表语the school，故应用the one来代指。故选D。
9.B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的父亲以第一批孩子的名字给她和她的兄弟起名字，这加剧了他们之间的紧张气氛。that引导同位语从句在名词fact之后解释说明fact一词。动名词短语adding to the tension作主语。故选B。
10.C【解析】考查简单句和时态。句意：然后他把自己关在房间里，不让任何人靠近他，准备独自工作。此处let与上文shut和后文got构成并列谓语，且都为一般过去时，let的过去式为let。故选C。
11.B【解析】考查句子结构。句意：电报的发明使信息在几秒钟内传送到世界各地成为可能。分析可知，句中缺少谓语和宾语补足语，句式结构应为：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，因此原句应是：The invention of telegram made the transmission of messages to any part of the world within a few seconds possible. 因本句中宾语连带它的修饰语较长，而宾补较短时，为了平衡句子结构，就把宾补提到宾语之前，从而构成位置变异句式：主语+谓语+宾补+宾语。故选B项。
【点睛】
复合宾语的两个组成部分在意义上是一种逻辑上的“主谓关系”，宾语补足语（简称为宾补）说明宾语所表示的人或物的属类、性质、状态等。宾补在句中的位置是相对固定的，单个跟在名词前，多个放在句尾。但由于种种原因，宾补的这种相对固定的位置有时也会发生变异。例如本题属于宾补的位置变异的句型结构：主语+谓语+宾补+宾语。即The invention of telegram made the transmission of messages to any part of the world within a few seconds possible.由于宾语的修饰语过长而将宾语放在宾语补足语possible之后，从而变成：The invention of telegram made possible the transmission of messages to any part of the world within a few seconds.
12.B【解析】考查定语从句和代词用法。句意：金融危机以及它所带来的灾难对整个世界造成了很大影响。整个句子的主语是the financial crisis and the suffering，the suffering后面引导一个定语从句。定语从句先行词是the suffering，在定语从句里充当的是cause这个词的宾语，用which或that,可以省略。而主语其实是the financial crisis，但是为了避免重复，在定语从句里用代词“it”来替代“the financial crisis”。所以整个定语从句真正缺少的是句子的主语“it”,故选B。
13.C【解析】考查主谓一致和句型。句意：尤其是随着新电脑程序的发展，音乐的复制和盗版软件更为普遍。本句是倒装句，the copying of music and the pirating of software是句子并列的两个主语，根据Even more widespread可知，空格处用系动词，主语是复数，所以用are，故选C。
14.C【解析】考查代词。句意：我的父亲声名在外,但又不是众所周知。这就是养育我的父亲。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句缺少主语，所以空格处用that做整个主句的主语。故选C。
15.D【解析】考查倒装句。句意：进攻来得太突然，敌人来不及逃跑。在so…that…结构中，有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首，so 后面的句子要使用部分倒装。sudden是形容词，应该与be动词搭配使用，且时态为一般过去时，故应将was提前。故选D。
16.D【解析】考查句子结构分析。句意：突然，一个驾着金色马车的高个子男人抓住女孩，把她带走，消失在树林里。主语是a tall man，driving是现在分词作后置定语，所以后面缺谓语动词，且空格处与took是并列的谓语动词，故用seized，排除A、C；这个男人抓走了女孩，随后消失在树丛中。所以disappear是人消失在树丛中，是主动的，所以用disappearing表示伴随状态，排除 B。故答案为Ｄ。
17.C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你告诉我们的事使我们感到很有趣。分析句子可知，by为介词后接句子作宾语。宾语从句中what作told的直接宾语，所以连接词为what。故选C项。
18.C【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：因为它们都是手工制作的，每一个在形状上都稍有不同。这是一个由as引导的原因状语从句，分析主句可知，句子缺谓语动词，所以空格处应填动词。故排除A（various 不同的，形容词）与D（variety 不同种类，多种式样 名词）。从句使用的一般现在时，根据句意，空格处也应使用一般现在时。故选C。
19.D【解析】考查时态。句意：我的字典丢了。我到处找它，但仍然没找到。lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost ; not to be found (丢失了的)，据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。故选D。
20.C【解析】考查并列句。句意：他深爱着他的父母，他们都对他很好。分析句子可知，这是and并列的两个句子，故无需连词，且第二个句子中缺主语，故选C。
21.C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：告诉过他很多次了，但他仍然不能理解它。根据语境中的连词but可知，B项错误，因为在英语的表达习惯中，关联词不成对使用；同时根据并列连词but之后的句子可知，前面是完整句子，排除非谓语动词A/D。故选C。
22.A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他是大家尊敬的人。分析句子可知，空格处作表语，后面是定语从句，所以空格处是定语从句中的先行词，根据语境，指the person，其他词并不能作先行词，先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词that可以省略，完整的句子为：He is the person that everyone respects.。故选A项。
23.B【解析】考查时态。句意：国家女排在奥运会上夺得冠军的消息迅速传遍全国。分析句子可知，国家女排赢得冠军发生在信息传播国内之前，消息传播word got round quickly用过去时，那么过去的过去应用过去完成had done 结构。故选B项。
24.C【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我在课堂上提到的最有名的一章是《植物的奇异世界》。分析句子结构可知，本空为句子主语，且表示“最有名的章节”，故选C。
25.C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：现在越来越多的学生直接在网上学习，网络提供了不同类型的课程。分析句子结构可知本句是一个定语从句，先行词是the Internet，后面的定语从句结构很完整，使用关系副词where引导定语从句。所以判断划线部分是做定语成分，修饰Internet, 所以选C项。
26.C【解析】考查句子结构。句意：普通人会发现很难去想象米开朗基罗在四年内经历了什么困难和孤独的工作。动词find后面有一个不定式短语to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard works充当宾语，hard是宾语补足语, it作形式宾语, 所以划线部分充当宾语的成分。故C项正确。
27.B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：你看别人的方式不会给他们留下好印象。分析句子结构可知，The way作主语，定语从句you look at people作定语修饰The way（the way作先行词在定语从句中作状语时，引导词可以是that，in which或省略），doesn’t give作谓语，them作间接宾语，a good impression作直接宾语，故D项正确。
28.B【解析】考查形容词。句意：John给了Mary许多新的书。修饰名词books，所以作定语，选B。
29.A【解析】句意：他在这个房间里工作。in the room在句子中作地点状语，所以选A。
30.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——周四还是周五适合你？——任何一天都可以。fit主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合。suit则主要指款式或花色等方面的适合，还可以用来谈论某种安排和情况是否方便，故第一个空应用suit。do可用作不及物动词，意为“合适”。all right和ok不能做谓语，要构成前面应有be动词。综上，D选项正确。
31.A【解析】试题分析：考查代词：这里sufferings后面的定语从句实际上把连接词省略了，如果只填连接词，则定语从句内部就没有了主语，这个句子实际缺的是定语从句的“主语”，句意：永远不要忘记战争和战争给人们带来的痛苦。指代the war，用it代替。选A。
32.A【解析】考查动词短语。句意：十年前建的桥连接大陆与岛屿。根据句子可知，句中缺少谓语动词，connect sth to sth表示“把……和……连接起来”。故选A。
33.D【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词和谓语。句意：突然一个骑摩托车的人抓住这个女孩的包，拿走，消失在黑夜中。根据句中前一空为谓语动词，故用过去时，后一空为非谓语动词，现在分词与逻辑主语之间的关系为主动关系，故选D项。
34.D【解析】试题分析：句意：他病了好长时间，但他尽力赶上同学们。句中有but，所以前后句意思是转折的，A、C不能构成句子;B项中Though和后面的but是不能同时用的，故选D.
35.B【解析】
试题分析：我们一直期待的聚会结果令人很失望。we had been looking forward to 为定语部分，视为插入语，不影响turn out的时态。turn out结果是，证明是。turn up调大，出现；故选B。
36.A【解析】试题分析：考查句子结构。本句中动词open，hold和go是三个并列的动词，三个动作相继发生，所以都使用一般过去时。句意：他打开门，脱掉衣服，走进厨房。故A正确。
37.A【解析】试题分析: 句意：司机在事故中受伤非常严重，被立即送完往医院。So引导的倒装句结构是：So +adj/adv+ 助动词+S。故选A项。
38.A【解析】试题分析：句意：每个人都可以相信，有了这些可靠的措施这种事不会再发生了。句中第一个it是形式宾语，that引导宾语从句后面是真正的宾语。故选A.
39.B【解析】试题解析：分析句子结构，可知句子的空格中应填一个代词，故选B。
句意：那个年轻的男人在公园里等而且在大约半个小时后那个女孩终于来了。
40.B【解析】分析句子，第二个空格必定是要充当handbag的补足语；由于lie与handbag之间是主动关系，故用lie的现在分词形式，可排除AC两项。与此同时，由于本句中有连词and，可知第三个空格应该用谓语动词。综上所述，可知选B。句意：听了这个消息，她毫不犹豫地冲了出去，把她的手提袋放在沙发上，消失在远方了。
41.B【解析】试题分析：考查代词用法。本题中的that指代上文出现的可数名词单数或者不可数名词；本题指代可数名词单数dictionary，后面必须有定语修饰，表示特指；复数形式为those。句意：这本字典至少是你从图书馆里借的字典的三倍厚。One指代可数名词单数形式，表示泛指；it指代上文出现的同一事物。故B正确。
42.A【解析】试题分析：考查系表结构。固定系表结构fall silence陷入沉默。其中的fall是系动词。句意：当观众等待喜剧演员登台的时候，他们陷入沉默。故A正确。
43.C【解析】试题分析：考查代词。上句：你觉得我们食堂的饭菜和服务怎么样？下句：它们比过去的好。they指代食堂的饭菜，故选C。
44.A【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：实话实说，这次事故和造成的损失让我如此恐惧以至于我几乎要从此放弃开车了。the damages是先行词，what不能引导定语从句；根据句意可知，应该是事故造成了损失，caused后缺少宾语，即damages，说明定语从句需要用which或that作宾语，且作宾语时可省略。这里省略了关系代词which或that，定语从句本身缺少主语，指代前面提到的accident用it，故选A。
45.C【解析】
试题分析：考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：事实是他没有说任何令大家惊奇的事。整体是宾语从句，用that引导，从句的过去完成时的否定形式，故选C。
46.C【解析】试题分析：考查分析句子。句意：随着时间的推移，被坚持的计划被证明相当实用。本题为省略which/that的定语从句，proved是the plan的谓语，stick to的宾语是which/that，prove在这里是"证明是;结果是;事实说明"的意思,用作连系动词,主动表被动，选A
47.A【解析】试题分析：考查指示代词的选用。none前有并列连词 but，不是考查定语从句，只能用them指代前面的他们。句意：他们都对河边新建的公寓很感兴趣，但是目前还没有人想要去买。根据句意可判断其它3项与题意不符，故选A。
48.D【解析】试题解析：考察虚拟语气与it强调句型。在it强调句型中形式主语一定为it，故第一空为it，suggestion建议，其后的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气，肯定形式为should do/do，否定形式should not do/not do，故此处应填should take 或take；最后一空but引导的完整的句子缺乏主语，故填it。故选D。
49.C【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：在公共图书馆里，人们可以接触到英国出现的任何一本书。分析句子成分，whatever book_ _______in Britain是宾语从句，whatever book是从句主语，此处作从句谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。whatever引导的是一个完整的从句；如果把此处理解为定语从句，那么应该将whatever省去。故选C。
50.A【解析】试题分析：句意：亨利把所有可能的方案列了一个表，然而没有一个对解决现在的情况有帮助。没有be动词不是定语从句，而且因为在后一句的末尾有连接词though，因此两句都是完整的分句，不需要用从句形式。根据句意都没有用，故选A。
51.C【解析】试题分析：考查句子结构。句意：在开会期间，一个年轻人叫喊着把笔记本扔向主席，这使屋子里面秩序混乱。根据前面的逗号，可以用定语从句，which来引导，或加连词 再加代词，故选C项。
52.B【解析】试题分析：考查主谓一致。句意：他们每个人都有一本新字典。each在此是they的同位语，主语they表示复数，排除A、C；选D项的话，句子翻译为“它们都是一本新字典”，主语是复数，而表语是单数，语意不正确，排除D，故选B。
53.A【解析】试题分析： 考查名词。句意：他对于知识的渴望十分的迫切。根据句意选A项。
54.B【解析】试题分析：考查并列句。关键的是连词but第一句有连词，所以后面也应该是一句完整的话。句意：我父亲给我买了几本书，但没有一本有趣。故B正确。
55.D【解析】考查句式。该题将直接引语变成相应的间接引语。在将 can, could 等引导的表示委婉请求的疑问句变为间接引语时，应使用 ask sb (not) to do sth.结构，而不应该按照一般疑问句的变法来变间接引语。故该题的正确答案为D.
56.C【解析】试题分析：句意：我们永远不要忘记它给我们国家带来的和平和幸福。分析句子结构可知，______ brought to our country为定语从句，修饰先行词happiness。先行词在定语从句中充当brought的宾语。所以关系词可以用that、which，并且可以省略。从句还缺少主语，选项中能充当主语的代词只有it。what作为连接代词用在名词性从句中。故选C。
57.C【解析】试题分析：考查从句和并列句。前句有主谓宾，构成完整的句子，后句有谓语brought故后句要么用连词构成并列句，要么用关联词领导从句。若构成并列句，用and，另缺主语，用that指代前面整个句子；若构成非限制性定语从句，直接用which即可，句意：会中一位年轻男人突然大叫并且把他的笔记本扔向马英九，这使得房间陷入混乱。故选C
58.C【解析】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。do you suppose是插入语，who引导的是suppose的宾语从句，who作宾语从句中wants的宾语，宾语从句缺少主语，所以用she作主语；cinema和build之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词built作后置定语。所以选C。
59.A【解析】考察代词。句意：买一个大包很明智，因为最终算下来大包便宜很多。It指代上文提及的同一事物，this这个；one同类不同物，泛指一个；they他们。空白处所填词应指代上文中的a large packet。故A正确。
60.B【解析】试题分析：考查状语从句。这是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，因为有if引导从句，后面应该是一个简单句做主句，不再需要连词，故选B。