译林版英语九年级下册unit4知识复习

     掌握重点单词和重点词汇 掌握重点句型  ▲词组 think about travelling into space考虑去太空旅游sleeping bags睡袋by the year2100到2100年because of the rapid increase in population因为人口的快速增长start all over again重新开始with the development of technology随着技术的发展travel at the/a speed of light以光速行驶feel uncomfortable感到不舒服the form of pills以药片的形式have a computer connected to the Internet拥有一台与互联网连接的电脑be in agreement= reach an agreement达成一致be similar to与...相似move away from the Earth搬离地球many kinds of很多种try to do sth尽力做某事prefer to do sth宁愿做某事，更喜欢做某事plan to do sth计划做某事be afraid of害怕...be worried about担心...hear from sb收到某人的来信by the way顺便说一下circle around绕...运转as well as既...又，不但...而且...the possibility of doing sth做某事的可能性start with a discussion以一个讨论开始make spelling mistakes犯拼写错误the disadvantages of doing sth做某事的劣势get good results in tests考试中得到好的成绩after all毕竟carry out a survey开展一项调查large numbers of许多，大量的have problems（in）doing sth做某事有困难prevent sh.from doing sth阻止/防止某人做某事in some ways在某些方面  9B  Unit  4一 掌握下面的短语和句型：(Comic strip and Welcome to the unit)hear of 听说be famous for 因……而闻名
be famous as 作为……而闻名sb spend some time (in) doing sth 某人花费多长时间做某事。
=It takes sb some time to do sth. care for 关心the first man to do sth 第一个做某事的人make sth +形容词 “使某事……”  (Reading)decide to do sth 决定做某事
=make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth be / become interested in 对……感兴趣ever since 自从……以来at the age of 在……岁的时候take flying lessons 上飞行课
take ballet lessons　上巴蕾舞课in one’s spare time = in one’s free time　在某人的业余/闲暇时间work as 当；从事……工作be selected to become / be =be selected as 被选中成为……test pilot 试飞员out of control 失去控制
* under control 在控制之中
* under the control of 在……的控制下Better to be safe than sorry. / Better safe than sorry. 最好不要去冒险。cut sth short 缩短某事for the first time 第一次wait to do sth 等待做某事
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事try to do sth 试图做某事；尽力做某事warn sb to do sth 告诫某人做某事stay away 走开It is said that … 据说……
It is reported that … 据报道……send a message to 给……发信息
send text messages to 9321发短信到底9321make sb do sth 使某人做某事
let sb do sth 让某人做某事= have sb do sth =get sb to do sthround/ around the world 全世界=throughout the world = all over the worldturn round and round 一圈一圈地转make a lot of noise 发出很大的噪音
make a noise 吵闹a type of  一种 = a kind of a small amount of 少量的(修饰不可数名词)
* a large amount of 大量的=a great deal of belong to 属于at sea 在海上(Vocabulary)spill the beans 说漏嘴give away 泄露be involved in 涉及，被卷入be close to 接近, 靠近in power 当权的the early bird catches the worm 捷足先登many hands make light work 人多力量大raining cats and dogs 倾盆大雨when the cat’s away, the mice will play 山中无老虎，猴子称大王too many cooks spoil the broth 人多手杂反误事love me, love my dog爱屋及乌don’t put all your eggs in one basket 切勿孤注一掷the grass is always greener on the other side 邻家芳草绿，隔岸风景好(Grammar)refer to 提到, 参考take sb to stage 把某人带上舞台star in 在……中担任主角= play the lead role in the theory of relativity 相对论make a contribution to (doing ) sth 为……作出贡献work out 算出，解决(Integrated skills and pronunciation)marry sb = be / get married to sb 与某人结婚
get married 结婚called = named = with the name of = that is called 被叫作……的aged ……岁的
The boy is aged 10. 那男孩10岁。share sth with sb 和某人共享某物be unknown to 不为……所知
* be known to 为……所知
He is unknown to us. 我们不认识他。at that time 在那时help sb dosth 帮助某人做某事 (Main task and Checkout)turning point in one’s life 某人生活中的转折点devote … to …. 将……奉献给……be famous for 因……而闻名=be well-known for give up 放弃the poor 穷人
the +形容词，表示一类人，谓语用复数。be ready to do sth 准备好做某事，乐意做某事
(1)Most students are ready to have breakfast.=Most students are ready for breakfast.
(2)He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于助人。
=He is always willing to help others.prepare for = get ready for 为……作准备for fun 为了娱乐二　语法定语从句1、概念：在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。The bike     that    I gave him for his birthday 先行词    引导词was stolen yesterday.2、引导词(关系词)：关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：that (指人或物，作主语或宾语)，which (指物，作主语或宾语)，who (指人，作主语或宾语)，whom (指人作宾语),  whose (指人或物，作定语)关系副词：where (指地点)， when (指时间)，why (指原因)如：(1)  Is he the man ______wants to see you?      A. which B. where C. whose D. who答案：D。“他就是你想见的人吗？”（who/that指人，在从句中作主语）(2)             He is the man _______ I saw yesterday.      A. which B. that C. whose D. where答案：B。“他就是我昨天见的那个人。”（whom / who / that指人，在从句中作宾语, 可省略）(3)  They rushed over to help the man______ car had broken down.         A. which B. where C. whose D. who 答案：C。“那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。”(whose指人或物，在从句中作定语)(4)  The necklace________was bought yesterday is for you.     A. which  B. where C. whose D. who    答案：A。“昨天买的项链是给你的。” （which / that 指物，在从句中作主语）(5)   Please show me the homework _______you have just done.      A. who  B. where C. whose D. that   答案：D. “请把刚刚完成的作业拿给我看一下。”（which / that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）(6)  We will never forget the day ________the PRC was founded.    A. which B. where C. when D. who答案：C. “我们永远都不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的日子。”(when 指时间，在从句中作状语，也可用on which。)(7)                  Beijing is the place ________I was born.        A. when B. where C. whose D. who答案：B。“北京是我的出生地。”(where指地点，在从句中作状语，也可用in which.)(9)   Is this the reason __________they lost the game?      A. which B. where C. whose D. why答案：D。“这就是他们比赛输了的原因吗? ”(why指原因，在从句中作状语，也可用for which。)3、that 和which 的用法区别：A、下列情况只用that:(1) 当先行词前有一个最高级形容词所修饰时。如：This is one of the most exciting football games ______ I have ever seen.A. which B. who  C. when D. that      (2) 当先行词前有一个序数词所修饰时。如：The first thing _____ you could do was to turn off the light. A. which B. that  C. who  D. when  (3) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none等不定代词时(something 后也可用which)。如：All _____can be done have been done. A. that  B. who  C. which  D. when  (4) 当先行词前面有only, all, any, no  等词修饰时。如：The only thing ______he could do was to run away. A. which B. who  C. that  D. when B、在定语下列情况中只用which ：(1) 关系代词在介词后面时。如：This is the house in ______ Tom once lived. A. who  B. which  C. that  D. when  (2) 先行词为that时。如：What's that ______ you are holding in your hands? A. that B. who  C. which  D. when  (3) 在非限制性定语从句(从句和先行词之间用逗号分开)中。如：Football, ______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. A. which B. who  C. that D. when4. that 和who 特殊区别：
(1) 关系代词前有介词时，只能用whom: 介词+whom。
如：She is the girl with whom I went to the cinema. 她就是和我一起去看电影的的女孩。
(2)先行词是one, ones, anyone 和those 时，须用who。
如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。
(3)在there be 开头的句子中。
如：There is an old man who wants to see you. 有位老人要见你。
(4) 一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个须用who。
如：The girl that you met last week is the monitor who studies very hard.  上同你遇到的那位女孩是位学习非常努力的班长。