2022佛山一中高一下学期第一次段考试题（3月）英语含答案（含听力）

佛山一中2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考

 英语试题

本试卷共8页，81小题，满分150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。

注意事项：

1．答题前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

3．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。

第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分20分）

第一节 听力理解（共 6 小题, 每小题 2 分, 满分 12 分）

材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题, 各段播放前每小题有 5 秒钟的阅题时间。请 根据各段播放内容及其相关小题, 在 5 秒钟内从题中所给的 A、B、C 项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

听第一段材料, 回答第 1-2题。短文读两遍。

1. A. A dress.     B. A handbag.    C. A cellphone.
2. A. Go to a movie.       B. Attend a party.          C. Eat out with Jim.

听第二段材料，回答第3-4题。

3. A. Paint national flags.       B. Move the furniture.       C. Make a website.
4. A. Mary.      B. Dick.     C. Steve.

听第三段材料，回答第5-6题。

5. A. By letter.     B. By phone.              C. By email.
6. A. Sunny.      B. Rainy.                C. Snowy.

第二节 回答问题（共 4 小题, 每小题 2 分, 满分 8 分）

听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。

7. ______________________________________

8. ______________________________________

9. ______________________________________

10. _____________________________________

第二部分 阅读（共三节, 满分40分）

第一节 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

A few weeks ago, I drove down a back road in West Virginia. Sometime after I passed Spruce Mountain, my phone lost service—and I knew it would remain silent for the next few days. I was heading toward Green Bank, a town that agrees to the ban (禁止) on technology in the United States. The people there do without not only cellphones but also Wi-Fi , microwave ovens, and any other devices that create signals.

The ban is to protect the Green Bank Observatory, a group of radio telescopes (无线电望远镜）in a mountain valley. The telescopes are very powerful for human beings. Scientists travel here to measure gravitational (引力的) waves in the space. Astronomers study the stars. It has also become a destination for alien hunters who hope to discover messages there sent from other planets. And in the past ten years, the town has become a destination for people who believe they’re sick of cellphone towers.

I came in hopes of finding a certain kind of wildness and solitude (独处). I live in Massachusetts, and I often disappear into the forests and rivers to clear my head. I've always loved the moment when the bars on my phone disappear. When I’m out of range entirely, time grows elastic (有弹性的). I feel deeply free.

In theory, I could achieve this kind of freedom anywhere by shutting off my cellphone. But that has never worked for me—and I doubt it doesn't for most other people either. Turn off your phone and you will turn it on again. To experience the deepest solitude, you need to enter the land where the Internet ends.

11. What can be found in Spruce Mountain?

A. Digital devices.   B. Available smartphones.  C. Radio telescopes.  D. Cellphone towers.

12. What kind of people may choose to go to Spruce Mountain?

A. Supporters of green life.

B. People against cellphones.

C. Passionate hunters for wildlife.

D. Scientists exploring the earth.

13. How can you achieve real freedom according to the author?

1. Shut off your phones and you will feel free.
2. Switch your phone into flight mode.
3. Go to Spruce Mountain in person.
4. Go to somewhere without the Internet.

B

With intelligent systems and new-age networks, life in the big cities will likely be happier and more efficient. After all, more than 60 percent of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050, according to a UN report.

These cities will use 5G networks to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Cities like Boston, Baltimore, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve people’s lives.

But what exactly does a smart city do? Let’s look at a few examples. In the United States cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart trash cans can sense how full they are and inform cleaning workers when they need to be emptied. In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are monitored and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors (传感器) around the city. And in Copenhagen, Denmark, a smart bike system allows riders to check on air quality and traffic jam as they ride.

Smart cities will be interactive, allowing their residents to feel like they’re truly shaping their environment, instead of merely existing in it. “One of the most important reasons to have a smart city is that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never had in the past,” Mrinalini Ingram told Tech Republic.

Of course, it will take time and money to turn our present cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already using smart technology in small ways. China, for example, is making investments in big cities like Guangzhou to make them “smarter”. It won’t be long until even more cities start to develop their own smart infrastructure (基础设施).

14. What can a smart city actually do in people’s daily life?

A. A real-time traffic jam can be reported.

B. More and more people will live in big cities.

C. It can replace workers to empty a trash can. 

D. People can ride bikes in an easier way.

15. What does the author mean by saying “Smart cities will be interactive”?

A. People in big cities will benefit from intelligent systems.

B. More and more big cities will use smart technology.

C. We will show a deeper passion for building our new cities.

D. We will communicate with the environment in a new way.

16. What is the author’s opinion about smart cities?

A. Critical.  B. Neutral.  C. Positive.   D. Negative.

C

Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.

The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment (沉积物) from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.

Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.

The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles（颗粒） and hard clay（粘土）, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns (蕨类) and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.

The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes that Earth has experienced in the past—and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.

17. How did the researchers reach their findings?

A．By exploring ice in Antarctica.

B．By analyzing the Earth sediment.

C．By collecting data on climate.

D．By researching special plants.

18．What did the researchers say about the sediment?

A．Its material developed in the ocean.

B．It dates back to cold times in Antarctica.

C．Its material formed on the land.

D．It contained different animal remains.

19．What do we know about the results of the research in the last paragraph?

A．The sea level today is lower than that in the past.

B．Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.

C．There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.

D．Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.

20．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Researchers proved the previous studies wrong.

B．Antarctica has an extreme environment.

C．There was various wildlife in Antarctica.

D．Antarctica had a different history of climate.

第二节 语句排序 （共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）

将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D 和 E）按题号排序, 构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。

1. To keep herself busy, Anne started to write a diary, in which she described not only her struggles, but also her hopes and dreams.
2. After the war, her diary was found and published. Her spirit has influenced teenagers all over the world.
3. The Diary of Anne Frank has been one of the most powerful accounts of the experience of the Nazi Holocaust(大屠杀), which was written by Anne Frank, a little girl from a Jewish family.
4. Anne kept writing for two years until they were caught and sent to labour camps, where she and her sister died.
5. During the war, the city became unsafe, so Anne’s family moved into a secret annexe—some rooms above her father’s office, where they hid for a long time and suffered from hunger and fear.

第三节 选句填空 （共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余项。请将答案按题号涂到相应的答卷题号上。

Thanks to globalization, we can find all sorts of fruit and vegetables from all over the world in supermarkets. But we have four different seasons and each season has different weather conditions. ____26____ Obviously, there are huge benefits of eating seasonal and locally sourced foods.

____27____ Fruit and vegetables in season are usually better quality, richer in flavor and have higher nutritional value. Eating what’s in season will also make you have a varied diet throughout the year.

Eating seasonal and locally sourced foods is good for the local economy. ____28____ Supporting the local farmers, grocery stores and small businesses is also one of the many benefits of eating seasonal and locally sourced fruit and vegetables.

Buying seasonal and locally sourced foods benefits the environment. Choosing seasonal fruit and vegetables will help reduce the number of miles your foods have to travel before they reach your plate. Moreover, local fruit and vegetables in season are usually not packed in plastic. ____29____

Eating seasonal and locally sourced foods is cheaper. Common misunderstandings about seasonal foods are that they are expensive. ____30____ There are plenty of local markets that sell cheap in-season fruit and vegetables at the end of each day.

A. Buying local foods helps create jobs.

B. Fruit and vegetables in season and locally sourced are healthier.

C. Today it’s much easier to get fresh, seasonal and locally sourced foods.

D. Avoiding packaging waste contributes to reducing our impact on the planet.

E. That’s why different foods grow better at different times of the year in a specific country.

F. As a result, very few people know which fruit and vegetables are native to their homeland.

G. However, eating seasonal and locally sourced fruit and vegetables will save you money.

第三部分 综合应用（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I suffered from Asperger’s at my childhood. One of the biggest ___31___ I faced was communicating with others. I was shy but I loved to read and recite facts. This sometimes made me a ___32___ for bullies(欺凌). I didn’t really understand as much about the disease or how it ___33___ my life.

When I was in my 20s, I ___34___ to Paris. I was deeply attracted by the city, and I ___35___ a job in a big hotel right then. As an Eiffel Tower ambassador, I ___36___ guests and visitors as they took the lift to the top of the hotel’s 46-story tower, where I liked to ___37___ the local attractions and helped people find the best ___38___ for taking photos. At first, I had a problem with changes in everyday life, ___39___ when talking with people who were different from me. But I liked to memorize facts, and that really ___40___ in my job because people loved to learn all of the interesting things about the city. Every day when I clocked in, I felt it was time for me to perform for and ___41___ the guests. I loved it when I learned something new because I couldn’t ___42___ to share the information with others.

Everyone is ___43___, and everyone has a gift. It takes me more than 50 years to ___44___ that I am different. Just be yourself, be kind, and try to make a ___45___ in your life.

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面材料, 在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the clinic(诊所), I asked whether Michael could be retested, so the specialist tested him again. However, to my ___46___ (disappoint), it was the same score.

  Later that evening, I tearfully told Frank ___47___ I had learned that day. After talking it over, we agreed that we knew our son much better than the IQ test. We decided that Michael's score must have been a mistake and we should treat him ___48___ (natural) as usual.

     We moved to Indiana in 1962, and Michael studied at Concordia High School in the same year. He got good ___49___ (grade) in the school, especially in biology and chemistry, which was ___50___ great comfort.

     Michael entered Indiana University in 1965 ___51___ a pre-medical student, and soon afterwards, his teachers suggested ___52___ (take) more courses than required. In 1968, he ___53___ (admit) to the School of Medicine, Yale University.

    ___54___ (interest), Michael then asked for another IQ test. We went to the same clinic, ___55___ he had received the test eighteen years before. This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points. A result like that was supposed to be impossible.

第四部分 词汇基础（共两节, 满分 20 分）

第一节 词义匹配（共 10 小题, 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）

根据句子内容, 从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项（A到L）。选项中有两项为多余选项。

56. He worked hard for years and eventually rose to the position of vice president.     _______                     
57. She is among the most promising players in her age group.       _______
58. The workers went on strike in protest against low wages.        _______
59. He was sweating from the intense heat.          _______
60. It is important for a person to have a reputation for being honest.              _______
61. Discrimination against women in the workplace is not allowed.               _______
62. First, we have to establish some basic guidelines and rules for the new class.     _______
63. I decided to conduct an experiment.                                _______
64. The police would take tougher measures to deal with the trouble.               _______
65. Tom patted him on the shoulder. “Sorry to interrupt, sir.”                  _______

1. great or extreme in strength or degree                            
2. to organize, manage and do an activity or a task                        
3. to create, set up or found something                          
4. to be interested in something and want to know more about it
5. a movement to express opposition and disagreement                  
6. to be capable of being seen or noticed clearly                    
7. the opinion that other people have about how good someone is     
8. to say or do something that causes others to stop what they are doing         
9.   methods or particular actions in order to achieve a particular result       
10. showing possibility of achievement or success                  
11. at the end of a situation or process or as the final result of it             
12. unfair treatment of a person or group                  

第二节 单词拼写（共 10 小题, 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）

根据前后文及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出该单词的正确形式。

66. Life is hard for wildlife in Africa as there are many natural d_________ like floods, droughts and forest fires in nature.
67. The v__________ eruption in the Kingdom of Tonga in January, 2022 may have a slight impact on global temperatures, according to some scientists.
68. The troops went to the jungle in search of the pilot who was said to have s________ the air crash.
69. The war between Ukraine and Russia got the old couple worried and they waited a________ for the phone call from their son every day.
70. In order to raise students’ a__________of working hard every day, our school invited a graduate who is studying in Tsinghua University now to give a lecture.
71. The students in our school are lively, enthusiastic and ____________(精力充沛的).
72. Only when we take positive _____________(态度) towards our study can we enjoy the whole process.
73. It was when the country was fighting for its freedom and ____________(独立) that the world war broke out.
74. The headmaster ________(授予) a gold medal to the winner at the end of the ceremony the other day.
75. If you need more ___________(投入) in your life, think about what is the most important to you.

第五部分    书面表达（共两节, 满分 40 分）

第一节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题 3 分, 满分 15 分）

根据前后文及所给中文在空格处用合适的英文完成句子。

76. Nature got hurt, felt pain, and finally _____________________________(背弃) us.
77. The businessman is __________________(濒临) failure, due to the COVID-19 epidemic these years.
78. This is because shouting can cause you ______________________(吸入) a dangerous amount of dust.
79. Our money __________(已用完了). What was more, there was nobody who we could turn to for help.
80. The engine of the racing boat __________(出故障) suddenly, which made them at a loss.

第二节 应用文写作（满分 25 分）

假设你是李华，你校英语节来临，你准备参加英语演讲比赛。请你以“The Great Person I Admire”为题，用英语写一篇演讲稿，要求如下：

(1)      从下表中选择对你影响最大的一位伟人，描述他（她）的主要事迹；

(2)      谈谈该伟人对你产生的激励作用。

注意：

(1) 字数100-120；  (2) 标题和开头结尾不计入总词数。
参考词汇：动物学家zoologist (n.) 黑猩猩 chimp (n.) 青蒿素artemisinin (n.) 杂交稻 hybrid rice

The Great Person I Admire

Ladies and gentlemen,

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for your listening.