译林版英语八年级上册Unit1知识点同步梳理练习题

这是一份译林版英语八年级上册Unit1知识点同步梳理练习题，共14页。
牛津译林版8AUnit1知识点同步梳理 知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理【知识梳理】1. Can I have some more food?我能吃更多食物吗？（P6）More: 更多，much,many的比较级形式。数词+ more+可数名词 = another+数词+可数名词【例句】The chairs are not enough. We need two more chairs.=We need another two chairs. 2. Maybe we can share it．或许我们可以分享它。（6）◆Maybe   adv．大概，或许辨析：maybe与may bemaybe是副词，位于句首作状语，意思是“或许，大概”。【例句】Maybe he is wrong, but I'm not sure.may be是“情态动词+be动词”组成，用在句中作谓语，意思是“可能是”。【例句】He may be wrong，but I’m not sure．◆ share sth with sb例： He __ __ the small income（收入） _____ his father _____ his brother .     A. shared; with; with                B. took; from; with     C. shared; from; with                D. took; with; with 3. What makes your friend so special? (7)什么使你的朋友这么特别？make v. 做，制造; 使成为; 使产生;【常用短语】 make sb+ n. 使某人成为 make sb+ adj使某人怎样 make sb do sth使某人做某事【例句】  The round glasses make him funny.  What he says makes us laugh happily.例：1. Mr. Lee made Tom ___ his homework after school. This made Tom _____.     A. to do; sad       B. do; sadly             C. do; unhappy         D. did; unhappy2. We must do everything we can ____ our earth cleaner and safer.      A. made       B. to making      C. make      D. to make3. Mr. Brown always makes his class _____ and keeps his students _____ in class.     A. alive, interesting          B. lively, interesting        C. alive, interested           D. lively, interested答案：CDD 4. Well, good friends should be honest. (P7)honest ：adj. 诚实的 反义词 dishonest前面加冠词anhonesty ：n. 诚实例：1.What ___ honest boy!     A. an        B. a        C. /       D. the2. We don't like Jim, because he often tells lies. He is d________.3. Tom has _____ honest face, and, in fact, he never tells lies or plays tricks on others.     A. a       B. an      C. the      D. /4. We believe ____, because he is _____ honest boy. A. the words he says; a B. what he says; an C. he says what; the D. what does he says;. an 5. You can trust them because they never tell lies.(7)你可以相信他们，因为他们从来不说慌。1）trust n/v. 信任，相信；信赖  = believe in【例句】You can't trust the English weather        I have no trust in you.2）tell lies 说谎辨析：tell, speak, say. talktell: 告诉，辨别； tell lies说谎；tell jokes说笑话；tell the difference 辨别不同之处speak:说话，演讲；speak English说英语say: 说，讲；后面跟说话的具体内容。talk: 谈话，讨论talk with/to sb about sth跟某人讨论某事 6. polite (P7)     adj. 有礼貌的，文雅的，客气的, 上流的e. g. Jim is a very quiet and polite person. 吉姆是一个非常安静而礼貌的人。    adv. politely反义词：impolite adj. 无礼的，粗鲁的，不客气的例：1. It is very _______ of you to stare at a girl's face. (polite)2. Another thing you should do is to _______ tell them what to do next. (polite)3. Please make clear that he should never act so _______ again. (polite) 7. Betty is one of my best friends. (P8)one of的用法1）one of 后接名词复数，常见题型：词汇题     e.g. one of the students2）one of 后接形容词最高级，常见于词汇题     e.g. 黄河是世界上最长的河流之一。         The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in the world.3）注意one of句型中的谓语动词要用单数形式    e.g. 他们中有学生来自澳大利亚。        One of the students comes from Australia.例：   1. Amy is one of the best _________ (swim) at the school.    2. This bag is one of those ________.(visit)   3. I think Shanghai is one of ________ (modern) cities in the world. (the most modern)   4. 我觉得中国是世界市场上最活跃的国家之一。     I think China is one of the most active countries in the international market. 8. She helps me with my homework. (P8)1) 帮助别人做某事：help sb (to) do/help sb with     注意：to可以省略，另外，如果后面接名词，应该用with连接，属于易错句型结构。     e.g. 玛丽经常帮妈妈做家务。         Mary often helps her mother to do housework.         Mary often helps her mother with housework.2) can't help doing 情不自禁地做某事     e.g. 当他看到这些漂亮的烟花时，情不自禁地拍了照片。         He couldn't help taking photos when he saw the beautiful fireworks.例：   1. She is also very helpful and is ready to help (help) people any time.   2. I would like to help people solve (solve) problems.   3. I try my best to help (help) them.   4. ---What is he like?     ---He is helpful. (help)   5. 当你有困难时，可以向怀特先生求助。     You can ask Mr. White for help when you are in trouble. 9. Betty has a good voice.(P8)◆sound、voice、noise辨析 1) sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。   e.g. 光的传播比声音快得多。       Light travels much faster than sound. 2) noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。   e.g. 车辆的喧闹声让他睡不着。       The noise of traffic made him awake. 3) voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。注意：voice本身不可数，但表示几种声音时可数。   e.g. 中国好声音 Voice of China       美国之音   Voice of America       那个女孩嗓音很美 The girl has a beautiful voice 4) sound作系动词，“听起来”，后面接形容词   e.g. 这段音乐倍儿好听！       How nice the piece of music sounds!例：   用sound, noise, voice, sound like 填空：   1. Don't make any noise, children.    2. There is so much noise in this room that I can't hear you talking.    3. They were shouting at the top of their voices.    4. This sentence sounds strange?    5. I can hear the sound of the bells outside.  10. He wears small, round glasses. (P8)◆ wear、put on、dress、in、on辨析  1) wear：“穿着，戴着”，表示“状态”；脸上挂着...表情  e.g. She is wearing a pair of glass.     She always wears a smile on her face.  2) put on:“穿上，戴上”，强调动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等  e.g. 穿上你的大衣吧，不然你会感冒的     Put on your coat or you will catch a cold. 注意：put on的反义词为“take off”，而不是“put off”  3) dress：作动词，“给...穿衣服”dress sb                “给自己穿衣服”dress oneself / get dressed  e.g. 杰克足够大了，可以给自己穿衣服了。      Jack is old enough to dress himself.  4) in+颜色，表示穿着某个颜色衣服  e.g. 穿红衣的女孩 the girl in red  5) on+某人，表示衣服穿在某人身上  e.g. 你穿这条粉色裙子，真真儿是美呆了！     You look wonderful on this pink dress.例：   1. ---Was Kate at the party last night?     ---Yes, she ____B____ a really nice dress.      A. is wearing    B. was wearing    C. would wear     D. has worn   2. According to the new traffic law, everyone in a car must wear the seat belt. (穿戴）   3. ---Allen, your bedroom is in a mess.       ---Sorry, Mum. I'll ___B___ my things at once.   A. put on  B. put away    C. put out   D. put up  4. You'd better _____C______ your coat. It's too hot here.   A. put on      B. put off       C. take off       D. put out 11. I never feel bored with him.(8)跟他在一起我从来不觉得无聊。bore   v . 使厌烦bored   adj. 无聊的（用于修饰某人的心情 ，常见搭配 feel/be bored with对...感到厌倦）boring   adj. 无聊的(用于修饰某件事或者某个事情)【例句】His speech bored us.I never feel bored when he is with me.I don’t want to do the boring job. 12. They do not fit well under his desk. (P8)fit、match、suit辨析1) fit：大小合适2) match：与...相配或相称3) suit：花色、款式，风格等与皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称例：从fit、match、suit挑出合适的词1） Try the new key and see if it fits the keyhole(钥匙孔)2）Carpets should match the curtains.3） Does the coat suit you?4） 这条新裙子她穿着真漂亮。    This new dress suits her beautifully.5） 这条裤子太小，不适合你穿。    These pair of trousers are too small to fit you.    【例题精讲】词汇：1. You look __________ (苗条的) and more fashionable in so charming a dress. 2. The charity aims to provide help to people __________ (需要). 3. When the boy rushed across the finishing line, his mother cheered with an _________(兴奋的) look on her face. 4. Keep a__________ (微笑) all the time, you’ll have a happier life. 5. The show I’m a singer helps audience rediscover many good ___________(嗓音). 6.The _________(高度) of the sculpture is ten feet7.How beautiful this picture is! I can’t ___________(相信) my eyes. 8.Most women have no ___________(感觉) of direction. They often get lost.9.This actor is so __________(幽默的) that he often makes others laugh.10. Be careful, you may ___________(撞) the books off. 答案：slimmer; in need; exciting; smile; voice;height; trust; sense; humorous; knock  知识点二 Grammar【知识梳理】1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法 大多数形容词有三个等级：①原级，即原形：②比较级．表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思；③最高级，表示“最……”的意思。 ◆形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法：情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most useful                             
  more useful  most useful                ◆在初中阶段，需要双写末尾字母的单词有：在一个炎热的夏天，有一个大胖子想要减肥变瘦变苗条，但是他失败了，所以他很伤心。（hot,big, fat,slim, thin,sad ） ◆不规则变化原    级比  较  级最  高  级good（好的）adjwell（健康的）advbetterbestbad（坏的）ill（有病的）worseworstold（老的）older/ elderoldest / eldestmuch／many（多的）moremostlittle（少的）lessleastfar（远的）farther/ furtherfarthest / furthest 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice _________   2. fat _________  3. slow _________  4. dry _________5. happy _________  6. wet _________ 7. much _________  8. ill_________9. little _________  10. bad _________11. thin _________12. far _________13. early _________ 14. careful________  15. exciting_______16.well______17. green_________ 18. few________ 19.busy_______ 答案：1.nicer, nicest      2.fatter, fattest    3.slower, slowest  4.drier, driest   5. happier, happiest   6.wetter, wettest    7.more,most      8.worse, worst    9.less, least     10.worse, worst  11.thinner, thinnest   12.farther/further, farthest/furthest  13. earlier, earliest  14.more careful, the most careful  15.more exciting, the most exciting   16.better, best  17. greener, greenest  18.fewer, fewest  19. busier, busiest  2. 形容词副词比较级的用法1）形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、.动词、动词不定式.ing结构和ed结构。如：Our teacher is taller than us. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。◆than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。    The clothes in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop.     这家店里的衣服比那家店（里的衣服）贵。    Judy’s hair is longer than Lily’s. 朱迪的头发比莉莉（的）长。2）形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" 。如：important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要This room is less beautiful than that one. 3）一方随另一方的程度而变化时用the+比较级…the+比较级…。表示“越... 就越...”。如：The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。　　   The more, the better.  越多越好。The harder he works, the happier he feels. 工作越努力，感觉越充实。4）本身程度发生改变时用"形容词比较级 + and + 同一个形容词比较级"。表示 " 越来越... "。如：It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。The girl becomes more and more beautiful.那姑娘长得越来越漂亮了。5）比较级前可用a little, a bit, a lot, far, much, even等词语表示超过另一方的程度。如：This book is far more expensive than that one.6）表示一方比另一方更…多少时，可以在比较级前加名词。如：My brother is two years older than me.7）当两者比较，只出现一方，且句中含有of the two时，比较级前要加the,表示特指两者当中较。。。的一个。如：He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的一个。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。8）表示倍数：…times+形容词比较级+than…
　 如：我们的房间比他们的大二倍。      Our room is   twice larger than   theirs.
　 如：长江比你们城市的河长十倍。      The Yangtze River is   ten times longer than  the river in your city.9）“比较级+ than any other +单数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” （同范围）       = “比较级+ than the other +复数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” （同范围）      “比较级+ than any  +单数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” （不同范围）
　　（这个句型是用比较级形式表达最高级的意思。）
　他在班里，比任何一个别的学生都好。　He is   better than any other student   in the class.= He is better than the other students in the class.
10）最高级的用法◆one of the +最高级，表示“是最……之一者”
　　上海是中国最美丽的城市之—。     Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.注意：one of the +最高级，后面要加上名词的复数，即为”one of the +最高级+复数名词”
◆most+复数名词、most of the+复数名词）或most of+代词，表示“大多数，大部分的……”
　　他的大部分书是在这儿写的。     Most of his books were written here.
◆序数词加形容词最高级  序数词加形容词最高级表“第几最…”  黄河是中国第二长河。  The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.  
11）原级和比较级的相互转化e.g.  1) I'm not as tall as he is.= I'm shorter than he is.        2) Nanjing is not as big as Shanghai.         = Nanjing is smaller than Shanghai.          = Shanghai is bigger than Nanjing.       3) Diving isn't as interesting as swimming.           = Diving is less interesting than swimming.          = Swimming is more interesting than diving.    【例题精讲】例1.Which is        (long), a pencil or a ruler?  答案：longer例2.         we get together,         we’ll be.     A. The more, the happier              B. The much, the happy    C. The happier, the happier            D. The more, the happiest答案：A例3: I ’ m his best friend. I know him well-----probably ________ than anyone else.     A. less         B. wider        C. better         D. deeper答案：A例4：--- Is Linda's home ________away from school than Millie's?       --- Yes, it is. Linda lives two miles away but Millie lives nearby.     A. farther       B. farthest        C. further       D. furthest答案:A     知识点三 Integrated skills and Task【知识梳理】1、I would like to be a social worker when I grow up.我长大后想当一名社会工作者。1）would like的用法would like的意思是“想；想要”，相当于want，但语气比want委婉，常用于以下三种结构：would like sth.想要某物，相当于want sth.。I would like a pair of shoes. = I want a pair of shoes.我想要双鞋。would like to do sth.想要做某事，相当于want to do sth.。I would like to buy a CD. = I want to buy a CD.我想买张光盘。would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事，相当于want sb. to do sth.。  　　I would like you to help me with my English. =I want you to help me with my English.      我想要你帮我学英语。:用所给单词的适当形式填空  ①I would like you ________ (meet)a friend of mine.  ②We would like ________ (visit) that museum.答案：: to meet; to visit 2）social worker社会工作者social  adj. 社会的，社交的，群居的society  n. 社会,社团例：1.It is a social (society) work to take good care of the elderly.2.In today's society (social),male and female have the equal rights to work. 2、----What’s she like? ----She’s shy and quiet. (14)她什么样？她害羞而安静。辨析：What’s she like?  她怎样？询问某人的性格或者长相。What does she like?她喜欢什么？询问的是某人的爱好。What does she look like?她看起来怎样？询问的是某人的长相。【例题】----_________?  ----He is humorous.  A. How is he   B. What does he look like    C. What does he like    D. What is he like 3. Kate is both my neighbor and my best friend.（P17）both, either, neither的区别和用法使用范围:两个人或物both (两者都；谓语动词-复数)either(两者中任何一个；谓语动词-单数)neither (两者都不；谓语动词-单数)　e.g. 两个男孩都不聪明    Neither of the two students is clever.　。
　 两个男孩都很聪明。   Both the students are clever.　
　 两个男孩中有一个很聪明。   Either of the two students is clever.
例：    1) There are flowers on either side (side) of the bank.      2) Which would you like better for breakfast? Bread or cake?      Oh, I like __B__. I just want some noodles.      A. both   B. neither  C. either  D. all    3) ---Wow! You've got so many clothes.      ---But __D__ of them are in fashion now.        A. all     B. both     C. neither     D. none    4) ---Excuse me, how can I get to Nanshan Mountain?      ---Oh, __A__ of these two buses will take you there. You must go and take No.3 bus.           A. neither    B. all    C. none    D. both 4. Kate is both my neighbour and my best friends.凯特既是我的邻居又是我最好的朋友。【探究】both...and意为“既......又......”,连接并列结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【例题】______ Tom_____Peter are fond of watching TV.A. Not only; but also    B. Both; and     C. Either; or    D. Neither; nor 【例题精讲】A．根据首字母,音标及或中文提示写出单词。1. Jim always helps others, so I think he is a h________ boy.2. When I feel b____ or unhappy, he talks to me and tells me funny jokes.3. That girl looks________（真的）pretty and kind.4. Climbing hills is________（健康的）than watching TV.5. Wish you a ________（令人愉快的）trip home!6. Linda is suck a         (耐心的) person that the never gets angry easily. (2013无锡)7.My brother wants to be a           ['səuʃəl] worker when he grows up.8.Our English teacher has two big          ['smaɪlɪŋ] eyes.9.Hui Ruoqi is an ___________(优秀的) volleyball player. 答案： A． 1．helpful  2．bored  3．really  4．healthier  5．pleasant.  6. Patient 7. social smiling   9. excellent