2022届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三下学期一模英语试题及答案

2022年呼和浩特市高三年级第一次质量数据监测

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。

2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

3.考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分。

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

How cool can libraries be in an era(时代) of iPods and Kindles? More than you think. Only if you know where to go.

Central Library: Seattle, Washington, United States

The Central Library in Seattle is modern and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visits and taking tours. It was designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Prince–Ramus. Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening. The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolati cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.

Trinity College Library: Dublin, Ireland

The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room, which contains more than 200,000 of the library’s oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps(竖琴) in Ireland. Dating to the 15th century, the old harp is the model for the symbol of Ireland.

Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United States

At first glance, it looks like a spaceship. Architect William Pereira, who helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas, designed the library in 1970. It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories and novels. The library hosts “Dinner in the Library” which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished authors.

TU Delft Library: The Netherlands

The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can’t really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill. The roof covers 5,500 square meters. And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.

21. In Central Library, you can       .

A. buy souvenirs             B. drink cocktails

C. enjoy sci-fi films           D. see the old harp.

22. What makes Geisel Library different from the others is that       .

A. famous writers often deliver speeches there

B. it has a roof of a grassy hill

C. Queen Elizabeth I founded the library

D. it is the largest single library in the world

23. Which of the four libraries has the longest history?

A. Central Library.            B. Trinity College Library.

C. Geisel Library.             D. TU Delft Library.

B

I was doing some Christmas shopping in a toy store and decided to look at Barbie dolls for my nieces. A nicely dressed little girl was excitedly looking through the Barbie dolls as well. As she was looking, a little boy came to the Pokemon toys. He was dressed neatly, but his clothes were obviously old. He was with his father as well, and kept picking up the Pokemon video toys. Each time he picked one up and looked at his father, his father shook his head and said, “No.”

The little girl had chosen her Barbie. However, she stopped and was watching them. Rather dejectedly, the boy had to give up the Pokemon toys and choose something else. The little girl put her Barbie back on the shelf, and ran over to the Pokemon toys. She excitedly picked up one and raced towards the checkout. I picked up my purchases and got in line behind them. Then, much to the little girl’s delight, the little boy and his father got in line behind me. After the toy was paid for and bagged, the little girl handed it back to the cashier and whispered something in her ear. The cashier smiled and put the package under the counter.

I paid for my purchases and was rearranging things when the little boy came up to the cashier. The cashier checked his purchases and said, “Congratulations, you are my hundredth customer today, and you win a prize!” With that, she handed the little boy the Pokemon toys, and he could only stare in surprise. It was exactly what he had wanted!

The little girl and her father had been standing at the doorway during all of this. Then they walked out. As I walked back to my car, I heard the father ask his daughter why she had done that. I’ll never forget what she said to him. “Daddy, didn’t Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?” He said, “Of course they did, honey.” To which the little girl replied, “Well, I just did!”

I feel very shocked to have witnessed the true spirit of Christmas in that toy store, in the form of a little girl who understands more about the meaning of this festival than most adults I know.

24. The underlined word “dejectedly” in the second paragraph probably means

A. disappointedly            B. delightedly

C. excitedly                D. unexpectedly

25. How did the little boy get the Pokemon toys?

A. His father bought him the Poknemon toys.

B. Fortunately, he was the hundredth customer and won the Poknemon toys.

C. The little girl bought the Poknemon toys for him.

D. The cashier felt sympathy for the little boy and gave him the Poknemon toys.

26. What did the little girl mean when saying “Daddy, didn’t Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?”

A. Her Grandparents wanted her to be happy.

B. The Poknemon toys made her happy.

C. Making the little boy happy made her happy.

D. Her Grandparents hoped that she could help others.

27. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. the story happened before Christmas.

B. The little boy had not enough money to buy the Poknemon toys.

C. The author was deeply moved by the behavior of the little girl.

D. Although the little girl liked the Poknemon toys very much, she gave them to the boy.

C

For generations, the standard way to learn how to ride a bicycle was with training wheels. But in recent years, many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling.

Given the benefits of balance bikes, why did it take so long for them to replace training wheels? There are plenty of other examples in which ignored solutions that involve subtraction(减法) turn out to be better alternatives. In some European cities, for example, urban planners have gotten rid of traffic lights and road signs to make streets safer.

Leidy Klotz, an engineer at the University of Virginia, noticed that reformative designs, in which elements are removed from an existing model, were uncommon. So he reached out to Adams, a social psychologist, to try to figure out why this was the case. The two researchers hypothesized(假设) that there might be an explanation: when faced with a problem, people tend to select solutions that involve adding new elements rather than taking existing components away.

Adams, Klotz and their colleagues set out to test if their hypothesis was correct. The researchers first carried out a set of studies. In one, they asked 91 participants to make a pattern symmetrical(对称的) by either adding or removing colored boxes. Only 18 people used subtraction. In another, the team scanned through ideas for improvement submitted to an incoming university president and found that only 11 percent of 651 project plans involved getting rid of an existing regulation, practice or program.

These findings suggest that “additive solutions have sort of a priority”, says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. “Subtractive solutions are not necessarily harder to consider, but they take more effort to find.”

For now the team hopes that these findings will encourage people across various fields to think about subtractive options that might be typically ignored. “The hope is that, just by getting people to think about this more, maybe it will help inspire some other ignored subtractions,” Converse says.

28. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?

A. To present a problem.          B. To introduce the topic.

C. To give some examples.        D. To put forward a concept.

29. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?

A. Balance bikes are not good for training kids.

B. People used to learn riding bikes effortlessly.

C. Parents now train kids to ride bikes pointedly.

D. Some European cities ignore their governance.

30. What does Converse say about subtractive solutions?

A. They are superior to additive solutions.

B. They are often harmful for creativity.

C. They are always overlooked by our brain.

D. They are often preferred by conservatives.

31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A. A New Way of Management

B. A Trend of Avoiding Regulations

C. A New Concept of Problem-solving

D. A Study on Problem–solving Methods

D

A new study suggests that long periods in space can cause the human heart to shrink(萎缩). The study—by a team of American researchers—comes as the U.S. makes plans to build a long–term base on the moon and prepares to send astronauts to Mars.

Part of the study was based on the experiences of retired astronaut Scott Kelly. The U. S. space agency NASA says that during his career, Kelly spent more time in space than any other American astronaut. One of Kelly’s stays aboard the International Space Station (ISS) lasted 340 days. Researchers from the University of Texas’ Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern) in Dallas analyzed physical data collected during Scott’s long stay aboard the ISS. The goal was to learn the effects of weightlessness on heart health and performance. The team found that during Kelly's stay in space, the left ventricle(心房) of his heart shrank about 0.74 grams per week.

Dr. Benjamin Levine is a professor at UT Southwestern. He was the leader of the research. In a statement, he explained that because of the conditions in space, the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood uphill from the feet. Over time, this can cause shrinkage. In an effort to keep their muscles and bodies healthy in space, astronauts are required to perform different kinds of exercises throughout their stay.

Reductions in heart size are also seen in patients who spend long periods in bed because they are lying flat and the heart does not have to work as hard to pump. A second part of the study examined data from a long-distance swimmer who spent nearly a year trying to cross the Pacific Ocean. The swimmer, Benoit Lecomte, was chosen because he swam more than 2,800 kilometer over 159 days. Levine says long-distance swimming has similar effects to weightlessness because water pressure works against the force of gravity. The study showed that during Lecomte’s swim, his left heart ventricle shrank about 0.72 grams per week.

32. How did the researchers carry out their study?

A. By interviewing astronauts.

B. By examining collected information.

C. By experimenting aboard the ISS.

D. By comparing people in different fields.

33. What are astronauts asked to do to keep their hearts fit in space according to the text?

A. Do various exercises.             B. Stay in space for less time.

C. Stand on their heads sometimes.     D. Have more healthy food.

34. Who is least likely to suffer from a shrunk heart according to the text?

A. A patient who spends a long time in bed.

B. A long–distance professional swimmer.

C. An astronaut travelling in space for long.

D. A runner who trains hard.

35. What can be the best title for the text?

A. U. S. Builds a Long–term Base in Space

B. New Ways to Fight Heart Diseases

C. Long Spaceflights Can Shrink the Heart

D. Long–distance Swimming Can Keep Your Heart Healthy

第二节（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Forgiveness

Cheap “blind box” plane tickets become a popular choice for travel.

A promotion offering $15 plane tickets is being advertised by an online travel platform. While such a low price sounds amazing, there is just one rule.   36   . Labeled as a “destination blind box” on the site, tickets are bought through a rather simple booking procedure. Passengers provide their travel information, select a departure airport and then pay their money to book the ticket.   37   . But once they “lock in” their tickets, there’s no money going back.

“Plane ticket blind box” is now a hot topic on the online platforms. Herry Fan, a marketing expert said, “I believe young people are a big target group for this promotion, because they not only enjoy the thrill of the unknown,but also like to show off their lives through these types of commercial activities.   38   . What matters is that it suggests that one has ‘adventurous’ and ‘life-loving’ qualities.

Many netizens share the screen-shots(截图) of tickets they have drawn.   39   . Some others claim it is too rare to draw a ticket that is ideal.

“If it wants to be a profitable activity, the release of the tickets must have been planned ahead and is not as random as it seems.   40   . The marketing campaign may also be aimed at the fast sale of some tickets from less popular airlines that were originally not that expensive. If they sell a large quantity of tickets, the company may still earn a profit even though the price is low,” said an expert in tourism.

A. It will not have popular airlines

B. It doesn’t matter if they finally go or not

C. The promotion has become a hot topic on social media

D. The upcoming holiday is expected to be a major travel period

E. If the date and destination are unsuitable, users may ask for a refund

F. Some even teach the booking procedure under the free canceling policy

G. The purchaser is not told where the flight is heading or when it will take off

第二部分   语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节  完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

Mary uses a walking stick. Benjamin recently learned how to walk. Mary is 99. Benjamin is 2. The neighbors may seem like   41   friends, but during the pandemic, they formed a unique   42   at the fence between their houses in Minneapolis.

“Benjamin just turned 2 years old. We’ve been   43   with Mary long before he was born,” Benjamin’s mom, Sarah Olson said. They didn’t see Mary much,   44   last year when the COV1D-19 pandemic   45   and the family had to stay home, Mary was someone they could   46   —outside.

During the pandemic, the Olsons   47   played in their yard, and Mary would be in hers. Benjamin would   48   Mary when he saw her in the yard and they would play games. There’s a 97-year   49   gap, but Benjamin doesn’t see it.

“She’s just Mary, or ‘Mimi’,” Sarah said. “We’re inside and he’ll go, ‘Mimi? Mimi?’ and we’ll go outside and   50   Mary. Then Mary will call out, ‘Hey Benjamin!’ How   51   a scene it is!”

For Mary, who was completely   52   during the pandemic, a friend was just what she needed. It seems Mary has   53   a childlike spirit with Benjamin, playing with bubbles and even water guns.

More than a year after they first started   54   together, Benjamin and Mary still   55    each other's company. Benjamin and Mary’s friendship has   56   so many because people like to see relationships form so   57   for young people and elderly people. “We didn’t have to work on it at all ; it just   58   ,” Sarah said.

“Friendship can be   59   in so many different ways. I’m really happy they’ve developed this friendship,” she said. “It is such a rewarding   60   for both of them.”

41. A. unfaithful     B. unlikely          C. close           D. special

42. A. bond         B. habit             C. belief          D. impression

43. A. strangers      B. friends           C. neighbors       D. relatives

44. A. but           B. so              C. because         D. or

45. A. continued      B. ended           C. hit             D. faded

46. A. visit          B. see              C. recognize       D. invite

47. A. seldom        B. often            C. once           D. never

48. A. talk about      B. make room for    C. tend to          D. run over to

49. A. age           B. culture           C. generation       D. knowledge

50. A. look into       B. look through      C. look after        D. look for

51. A. strange        B. familiar          C. sweet           D. awkward

52. A. different       B. forgotten         C. independent      D. alone

53. A. rediscovered    B. broken          C. understood       D. accepted

54. A. chatting        B. playing          C. working         D. learning

55. A. ignore         B. imagine          C. miss            D. enjoy

56. A. amused        B. shocked          C. touched         D. puzzled

57. A. naturally       B. quickly           C. obviously       D. normally

58. A. remained       B. hanged           C. mattered        D. happened

59. A. established      B. spoiled           C. betrayed       D. improved

60. A. coincidence      B. experience       C. practice        D. lesson

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Beijing, together with Zhangjiakou, succeeded in getting the chance to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games,    61   speeds up the development of Zhangjiakou City. Word came that the Beijing- Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,   62   (locate) in North China, is now   63   construction, and is expected to be completed by 2020 in preparation for the cities to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.

Starting from Beijing North Railway Station and heading west through the Great Wall, the project is   64   (probable) the biggest challenge ever. Its designers say that the explosions needed to dig the tunnels will not have a negative effect on the structure. The railway line has a   65   (long) of 174 km as a double-track passage line, with ten stations along its route. Enjoying   66   total investment of 31.17 billion yuan, the train will travel as fast as 300 km/h,   67   the trip between the two cities will only take 40 minutes.

According to the plan, the high-speed railway will have two branch   68   (line)—one is to Yanqing Station, the other is to Taizicheng of Chongli, where the Olympic village lies. The full railway,   69   (include) a 70-kilometer section through Beijing,   70   (complete) in four and a half years.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Health

Ladies and gentlemen, I’m honor to share the topic “health” with you. As an old saying go, health is above wealth. You must feel the same way. Without health, we can’t achieve that we set out to do. With health, how can we catch up with the rapidly changed world? In brief, health is anything.

To keep health, we should have a balanced diet and form good living habits. In addition, we should also take on enough exercise and keep a good state of mind. In conclusion, I personal believe a healthy life is the source of happiness. So let’s keep eye on our health and enjoy a healthy life. Thank you.

第二节：书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David来信说他在阅读中文名著时感到很吃力，难以坚持，请你给他写封回信，劝他不要放弃。要点如下：

1.阅读中文名著的益处；

2.给出具体建议。

参考词汇：Chinese classics 中文名著

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear David,

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

2022呼和浩特市高三一模试题答案：

阅读理解：

21-23 AAB    24-27 ACCD    28-31 BCCD   32-35 BADC    36-40 GEBFA

完形填空

41-45 BACAC  46-50 BBDAD  51-55 CDABD  56-60 CADAB

语法填空

61. which   62. located         63. under      64. probably    65. length

66. a       67. so/and         68. lines       69. including   70. will be completed

短文改错：

1. honor→honored  2. go→goes  3. that→what  4. With→Without  5. changed-changing

6. anything→ everything  7. health→ healthy  8.去掉take后面的on  9. personal→personally

10. keep 后加an

书面表达        范文

Dear Tom,

Knowing that you are having some trouble in reading the Chinese classics, I am writing to share my opinions and advice on this topic.

First and foremost, it is of great significance for a Chinese learner to read more books in the original language, by doing so, not only can you appreciate the charm of the language, but you can also broaden your views in understanding the culture and history of China. Additionally, reading Chinese novels will surely contribute to good communication and positive interaction with your Chinese classmates and friends. As for how to solve the challenges in reading the Chinese classics, I do think interest comes first and choosing books suitable to your level is equally important. Don’t lost heart, with a little patience, you will benefit a lot from reading.

I hope what I have mentioned above can help you and please feel free to contact me if you have any questions.

Yours,

Li Hua