U3下教案核心知识点梳理（教师版）高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册（2022年）

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这是一份U3下教案核心知识点梳理（教师版）高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册（2022年），共20页。教案主要包含了进门测试，36题详解，37题详解，38题详解，39题详解，40题详解，多元导学，互动精讲等内容，欢迎下载使用。
课程主题：M3U3下核心知识点梳理
授课时间：
学习目标
1. 掌握第三单元关于节日的记叙文写作方法和素材；
2. 掌握第三单元Extended Reading部分核心词汇，并学会灵活应用。
教学内容
【进门测试】
建议5min
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If I could offer you a magic drug that would make you happier, healthier, more optimistic and more productive, and cost nothing and will require very little effort, would you be interested？Of course you would！Science tells us that an “attitude of gratitude” is a good health choice. ___36___ And gratitude requires little time and no money. But why can gratitude improve our productivity and results？
___37___ We learn the importance of saying “thank you” as little children. This childhood lesson is extremely of great use. ___38___ How do you feel about them? Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them? Of course it does! So be grateful for people, their contributions and their actions and make sure you let them know how you feel.
Gratitude improves problem solving skills. Too often we look at problem solving with a very bored or exhausted view. ___39___ We also enter a problem solving situation with a perspective of pavement and opportunity rather than challenge or issue.
Gratitude helps us learn. Every dark cloud has a silver lining. Behind every problem lies an opportunity. ____40____
So the more aware and grateful we are of what we have and our capabilities, the more capable and elective we become in living.
A. Gratitude improves attitudes.
B. Gratitude improves relationships.
C. Being more grateful often makes us happier and more optimistic.
D. Think about those people that you know who are most appreciative of you.
E. Grateful people experience fewer aches and pains and report feeling healthier than other people.
F. However, when we think about what we are grateful for, we open our minds up to new possibilities and connections.
G. Being grateful for our situation, even if we don’t like everything about it, allows us to be thankful for opportunity to learn something new.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. F 40. G
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述感激的作用。感激不需要时间和金钱，它会让我们快乐，健康，也能改善人们之前的关系，帮助我们学习新的东西。
【36题详解】
根据前句“Science tells us that an “attitude of gratitude” is a good health choice.(科学告诉我们，“感恩的态度”是一个很好的健康选择)”，所以其后分析原因，故C项：“Being more grateful often makes us happier and more optimistic. (更多的感恩往往会让我们更快乐、更乐观。)”，并且可以启下：“And gratitude requires little time and no money.( 感恩只需要很少的时间和金钱。) ”所以符合前后的语境，故选C。
【37题详解】
根据后文“We learn the importance of saying “thank you” as little children. This childhood lesson is extremely of great use.( 我们从小就知道说“谢谢”的重要性。这堂童年课非常有用。)”以及“How do you feel about them? Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them? Of course it does! So be grateful for people, their contributions and their actions and make sure you let them know how you feel.( 你觉得他们怎么样？他们的欣赏对你和他们的关系有积极的影响吗?当然有!所以，要感激别人，感谢他们的贡献和他们的行为，一定要让他们知道你的感受)”可知，这是感恩关于改善和他人的关系，故“Gratitude improves relationships.( 感恩能改善人际关系)”的选项B符合。故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后句“How do you feel about them? Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them? Of course it does! So be grateful for people, their contributions and their actions and make sure you let them know how you feel.( 你觉得他们怎么样？他们的欣赏对你和他们的关系有积极的影响吗?当然有!所以，要感激别人，感谢他们的贡献和他们的行为，一定要让他们知道你的感受)”，可知此处关于欣赏，故D项：“Think about those people that you know who are most appreciative of you.(想想那些你认识的最欣赏你的人。)”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据前句“Gratitude improves problem solving skills. Too often we look at problem solving with a very bored or exhausted view.(感恩能提高解决问题的能力。我们常常以一种无聊或疲惫的眼光看待问题的解决)”再结合后文：“We also enter a problem solving situation with a perspective of pavement and opportunity rather than challenge or issue. (我们也进入了一个问题解决的局面，从方面和机会的角度来看，而不是挑战或问题。)”所以F项：“However, when we think about what we are grateful for, we open our minds up to new possibilities and connections.( 然而，当我们想到我们所感激的事情时，我们就会敞开心扉，接受新的可能性和联系)” 的选项F符合前后的语境，承上启下，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据前句“Gratitude helps us learn. Every dark cloud has a silver lining. Behind every problem lies an opportunity. (感恩帮助我们学习。每一片乌云都有一线希望。每个问题的背后都有机会。)”，可知此处表示感恩帮助我们学习，故G项：“Being grateful for our situation, even if we don’t like everything about it, allows us to be thankful for opportunity to learn something new.( 对自己的处境心存感激，即使我们不喜欢它的一切，也能让我们对有机会学习新东西心存感激。)”符合语境，故选G。

【多元导学】
建议10min

教学建议：通过以上图片的展示，引出本单元阅读部分的主题。

【互动精讲】
【知识梳理1】

阅读教材P39－40的材料，选出最佳选项
1．What does the phrase “smartphone addict” mean in the first paragraph?
A．A person who is unable to stop taking harmful drugs.
B．A person who spends a lot of free time on playing smartphone.
C．A person who is interested in developing smartphone.
D．A person who is independent of playing smartphone.
2．What makes the writer decide to make a change?
A．That he was nearly knocked over by a car.
B．That he was too busy to play smartphone.
C．That his smartphone was broken.
D．That his eyes were badly hurt by playing smartphone.
3．What is the main idea of the whole passage?
A．Playing smartphone is a smart choice.
B．Playing smartphone isn't a smart choice.
C．Enjoy real life by cutting back on the amount of time on smartphone.
D．Quit the habit of playing smartphone.
[答案]　1－3　BAC

Words and Phrases
　(教材P37)entertainment n．娱乐活动；招待，娱乐
[例1]　At the weekends，for entertainment I could see friends，visit my grandparents，read books or play sport.
在周末，为寻找乐趣，我可以去见朋友、拜访我的祖父母、看书或者参加体育活动。
[例2]　Local entertainments are listed in the newspaper.
本地的娱乐活动刊登在报上。
[造句]　联欢会上将有现场表演节目。
There will be live entertainment at the party.
[知识拓展]
(1)for entertainment 　为了娱乐
to one's entertainment＝to the entertainment of sb.
使某人快乐的是
(2)entertain v. 招待；款待；使有兴趣；使快乐
entertain sb.with... 用……使某人快乐；用……招待某人
entertain sb.to... 宴请/招待某人……
(3)entertaining adj. 令人愉快的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Do you think，nowadays，the media has become more commercial and entertaining(entertain)?
②The newscast covers typical events and entertainment(entertain).
③I entertained my friends to dinner yesterday evening.
④Generally I just need my brain to keep me entertained(entertain).
[小片段助记]
At the weekend，for entertainment I decided to visit my uncle.To my entertainment，he promised to entertain me to ice cream，which was an entertaining event for me.

　addict n．对……入迷的人；瘾君子
(教材P39)　I was a smartphone addict.
我是一个智能手机上瘾者。
[例1]　He's only 24 years old and a drug addict.
他只有24岁，可已经是一个毒品瘾君子。
[例2]　She is a TV addict and always watches as much as she can.
她是一个电视迷，总是尽量看电视。
[造句]　一个网络成瘾者通常会做些什么？
What an Internet addict usually does?
[知识拓展]
(1)addict oneself to　沉溺于……，醉心于……
(2)addicted adj. 上了瘾的；入了迷的
be addicted to 对……上瘾
(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
(4)addiction n. 上瘾；入迷
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He is now fighting his addiction(addict)to cigarettes.
②I find computer games very addictive(addict).
③He addicted himself to drinking.
④ Addicted(addict)to computer games，the boy failed in the exam again.
[小片段助记]
The boy is addicted to computer games.In other words，he's a computer game addict.He addicts himself to playing computer games all day.

　quit vt.& vi.停止，戒掉；离开
(教材P39)　Sliding into the habit was easy，but it was difficult to quit the habit.
不知不觉地形成这种习惯很容易，但想戒除这个习惯却没那么容易。
[例1]　He quit the show last year because of bad health.
去年他因身体欠佳而退出了表演。
[例2]　He quit Paris after a week.
他一周后离开了巴黎。
[造句]　他已辞去了公司经理的职务。
He has quit(ted)as manager of the company.
[知识拓展]
quit school　　退学
quit the army 退伍
quit doing sth. 放弃做某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Though the man is ill，he has not quit smoking(smoke).
②We decided it was time to quit(quit)the city.
③For people who smoke, quitting(quit)can help decrease the risk of heart disease.
④I want to quit doing(do)things that I'm asked to do.
　scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
(教材P40)　It was scary at first.
一开始很吓人。
[例1]　I think prison is going to be a scary thing for Harry.
我认为蹲监狱对哈利来说会是件很可怕的事。
[例2]　There's something very scary about him.
他身上有种非常吓人的东西。
[造句]　那一刻真是吓人。
It was a really scary moment.
[知识拓展]
(1)scare vt.　　　使恐惧，惊吓
scare...away/off 把……吓跑
scare sb.into/out of doing sth.
恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)scared adj. 害怕的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared to do sth. 不敢做某事(某件事情要发生了，
但内心还是感到恐惧)
be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事(内心恐惧某事，
但这件事不一定会发生)
(3)scaring adj. 令人害怕的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Rock climbing is a fun thing but I was scared(scare)from the start.
②Local businesses were scared into paying(pay)protection money.
③The scared(scare)look suggested that there must be something frightening.
④They managed to scare the bear away/off．

　appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢
(教材P40)　Best of all，I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes，instead of through my smartphone camera.
最重要的是，我开始用自己的眼睛去欣赏生活中的美，而不是通过智能手机的摄像头。
[例1]　We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.
我们感激你对公司发展所做的努力。
[例2]　I don't appreciate being treated like a secondclass citizen.
我不愿被人当作二等公民。
[造句]　如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将十分感激。
I would appreciate it very much if you could help me with it.
[知识拓展]
(1)appreciate doing...　喜欢/感激做……
appreciate sb.doing... 感激某人做……
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n. 感激；欣赏
in appreciation of 感谢
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Chinese arts have won the appreciation(appreciate)of a lot of people outside China.
②I appreciated having been given(give)the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.
③I would appreciate your calling(call)back this afternoon.
④I'd appreciate it if you teach me how to use the computer.
[小片段助记]
“Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for me，”he wrote in the letter.“With the help of you，I begin to appreciate reading Chinese classics.And I would appreciate it if you can give me a book of Chinese poetry.”

　cut back on 减少，削减
(教材P40)　I cannot escape from the modern world，but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day，and so I do.
我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。
[例1]　You should cut down on fats and carbohydrates.
你应该减少摄入脂肪和碳水化合物。
[例2]　We're trying to cut down on the amount of paperwork
involved.
我们正在努力降低有关此事的文书工作量。
[造句]　他少喝咖啡，少抽烟，饮食均衡。
He cuts down on coffee and cigarettes，and eats a balanced diet.
[知识拓展]
cut down　削减；删节；砍倒；缩短
cut across 穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in 插嘴
cut off 中止，切断；使隔绝
cut out 裁剪；删去
cut up 切碎；切开；把……切成小块
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Our water supply has been cut(cut)off for three days.
②He always cuts up his food before he eats it.
③She decided to cut down the story to make it easy to understand.
④You can cut out the unimportant details to save space for other articles.
[小片段助记]
The village was cut off by the typhoon.In order to cut down the cost，the villagers cut across to the nearby mountains to cut down trees for firewood.

词义猜测题
词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力。
思维建模——熟练2步解题流程

六种常见的猜测词义的方法：
1．利用定义猜测词义
在许多情况下，作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释，这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that，which，it等。
2．利用指代关系猜测词义
文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。
3．根据转折或对比关系猜测词义
根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
4．利用因果关系猜测词义
因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有since，as，because，for，so，thus，consequently，therefore，hence，due to，result in，result from，as a result等。
5．利用定语或同位语猜测词义
通常用来引出同位语的词或短语有or，that is，in other words等，还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现。在这些标记词后考生可较容易地找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。
6．利用文章中的举例猜测词义
在阅读理解中考生可以根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，猜出该生词的意思。常用来引出所举例子的提示词语有such as，for example，for instance，like等。
[例题]
Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
※Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in the paragraph?
A．Complex.　　　　　 B．Advanced.
C．Powerful. D．Modern.
C　[词义猜测题。根据“and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知such as...就是对dominant languages的例证，结合常识可知，现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语。dominant意为“统治的，强大的”，故选C。]
[即学即练]
请快速确定下面这段文字的词义猜测的答案。
“You'll be blind by the time you're twentyfive，”a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted.“Your blood sugars are much too high.”It consumed me.No matter where I was or what I was doing，it was overhead like a dark cloud，waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.
※What does the underlined word “it” in the paragraph refer to?
A．The right opportunity.
B．The children's hospital.
C．Consuming too much sugar.
D．Losing my sight in the future.
D　[词义猜测题。根据“‘You'll be blind by the time you're twentyfive，’a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted.”当你25岁的时候，你就会失明可知，句中的it指的是“在未来会失明”，故选D。]

【知识梳理2】
写一篇关于节日的记叙文

本单元的写作任务是写一篇和节日庆祝有关的叙事类记叙文。该类作文以叙述事件为主，要通过完整的故事情节和生动形象的语言，使读者在享受故事情节的同时有所感悟。写作时要注意把记叙文的六要素(时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果)交代清楚。
[基本框架]
1．开头——点明文章主题。
2．主体——详细介绍经历。
3．结尾——简要归纳总结。
[常用词块]
1．wear special clothes 穿专门的衣服
2．eat special food 吃特殊的食物
3．gifts of toys for the children送给孩子们的玩具礼物
4．a family holiday合家度假
5．take part in a traditional ceremony 参加传统的仪式
6．dance and listen to music 听着音乐跳舞
7．enjoy yourself with friends or family 和朋友、家人一起玩得很开心
8．have a wonderful time过得愉快
9．a time of family reunion家庭团聚的日子
10．in honour of the great poet向这位伟大的诗人表示敬意
11．go on holiday together一起去度假
12．cook delicious food做美食
13．the custom dating back thousands of years追溯到几千年前的习俗
14．look forward to the New Year盼着过新年
15．on special occasions在特殊场合
16．set off fireworks燃放烟火
17．our traditional foods我们的传统食品
[常用语句]
精彩开头
1．The MidAutumn Festival，which falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month，is a festival with a history of about 2，000 years.
中秋节在农历八月的第十五天举行，是一个有着大约2 000年历史的节日。
2．As Teachers' Day was approaching，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
随着教师节的临近，今年为了换一种方式来庆祝这个重要的日子，我们班决定举办一场晚会。
3．The MidAutumn Festival is a traditional festival of China，which is actually a day for family reunion.
中秋节是中国的传统节日，实际上是家人团聚的日子。
4．I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.
我想邀请你下周六和我们一起去附近的敬老院过重阳节。
5．I was pleased that one of my pen pals in China invited me to stay with her during the past Spring Festival.
很高兴，我的一个中国笔友邀请我和她一起度过了上一个春节。
丰满主体
1．On the Eve of the Spring Festival，firstly，family members get together and have big meals.Secondly，they watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.
除夕夜，首先，家庭成员聚在一起吃大餐。其次，他们在电视上看春节联欢晚会。
2．The Spring Festival in China is a special occasion for Chinese families to get together，so we visited some of her families and relatives together.
在中国，春节是家庭团聚的特殊日子，所以我们一起拜访了她的一些家人和亲戚。
3．We'll also spend some time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.
我们也会花一些时间在一起唱歌，跳舞和玩游戏，我们希望能让他们开心。
4．Besides，we tried some traditional foods，watched Dragon and Lion dance and participated in some other celebration activities，such as a temple fair.
此外，我们尝试了一些传统食品，看了舞龙舞狮，并参加了一些其他的庆祝活动，如庙会。
5．After the meal they watch TV until the clock strikes twelve.
饭后他们看电视，直到钟敲响十二点。
余味结尾
1．In my point of view，it's indeed worthwhile to explore a foreign culture.
在我看来，探索外国文化确实值得。
2．This is a time for relaxation and celebration when people usually take this opportunity to reunite with their families or have a rest.
这是一个放松和庆祝的时间，人们通常利用这个机会与家人团聚或休息。
3．Although it happened three years ago，I never forget the evening party.
虽然那是三年前的事了，但我从未忘记那个晚会。
4．This will be an unforgettable experience.
这将是一段难忘的经历。
5．Thus it can be seen that with the improvement of living standard，people begin to pursue a high quality of life.
由此可见，随着生活水平的提高，人们开始追求高质量的生活。

【巩固练习】
假如你是李华，请根据下面五幅图画写一篇短文介绍你和家人庆祝春节的经过。

年夜饭　　　看春晚　　放鞭炮

吃饺子　　　　　大拜年
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：春晚 the Spring Festival Gala；除夕夜 the Lunar New Year Eve
The Spring Festival
The Spring Festival was really full of fun.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[参考范文]
The Spring Festival
The Spring Festival was really full of fun.First，on the Lunar New Year Eve，we all gathered around having a big dinner.Then followed the Spring Festival Gala.As was reported，the Spring Festival Gala was really a hit.Many stars turned up on the stage，bringing us so much pleasure.The midnight saw us setting off the fireworks to celebrate the beginning of a new year.Then we ate dumplings.At dawn，we all dressed up and paid a visit door to door.We do hope we will have a good luck in the following new year.

【课堂检测】
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。
Now, imagine the impact it would have on you to surround yourself with interesting and positive people. When someone has something interesting ___36___(go) on in his life, he wakes up in the morning ___37___energy and enthusiasm(热情).These are the kind of people ___38___ are going to fill you up with great attitudes and behavior.
Anyone who is following their dreams has taken a risk himself and is confident that things will work out for him. These people are hopeful about their futures and are willing to do ___39___ is necessary to get things done. That's the exact kind of attitude and behavior you need to be exposed to on a regular ___40___(base).
As you watch how they push themselves and do interesting things, you ___41___(inspire) to do similar things. You'll start to wonder and imagine all the things you can do with your own life. Moreover, interesting people tend to fill their heads with new ideas and ways of seeing the world. As they expose ___42___( they) to new books and ideas, they will share them with you.
As you can see, social norms(规范)formed by groups have a ___43___(power) influence over the type of person you become. ___44___(fortunate), it doesn't always have to be a bad thing. If you make sure to surround yourself with positive and interesting people, there is no telling how greatly _______45_______influence will shape your life.
【答案】36. going
37. with 38. who/that
39. what/whatever
40. basis 41. will be inspired /are inspired
42. themselves
43. powerful
44. Fortunately
45. the
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了周围积极有趣的人对我们有积极的影响。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当一个人的生活中发生了一些有趣的事情时,他早上醒来时会充满活力和热情。分析句子可知，something后面需要非谓语动词作后置定语，go on和something是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。故填going。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：当一个人的生活中发生了一些有趣的事情时,他早上醒来时会充满活力和热情。根据句意可知，他醒来时“带有”活力和热情，介词with意为“具有,带有”。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这些就是会让你有很好的态度和行为的那种人。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为people，关系代词代替先行词people在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【39题详解】
考查名词性从句引导词。句意：这些人对自己的未来充满希望，愿意做必要的事情来完成任务。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺成分，应用连接代词，what或whatever是连接代词，意为“所……的事情或任何事物”，且符合语境。故填what/whatever。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：这正是你需要经常接触到的态度和行为。根据空格前面的冠词a，可知应填名词。名词base所指的“基础”是具体的，名词basis所指的“基础”是抽象的。on a regular basis是固定搭配，意为“定期地；经常地”。故填basis。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：当你看到他们如何推动自己做有趣的事情时，你会受到启发去做类似的事情。分析句子可知，空格处为主句谓语动词，根据句意，inspire和主语you之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，被动语态的结构为be+动词的过去分词，因从句为一般现在时，故主句可以用一般将来时或一般现在时。故填will be inspired /are inspired。
【42题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当他们接触新的书籍和想法时，他们会与你分享。分析句子可知，空格处为expose的宾语，当动作的承受者为主语自身时，用反身代词作宾语，they的反身代词为themselves，故填themselves。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正如你所看到的，群体形成的社会规范对你成为什么样的人有着强大的影响力。分析句子可知，空格处修饰名词influence，应填形容词，power的形容词形式为powerful，故填powerful。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这并不总是一件坏事。分析句子可知，空格处需填副词，修饰整句。fortunate的副词为fortunately，位于句首，故填Fortunately。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果你确保自己周围都是积极有趣的人，那么很难说这种影响会对你的生活产生多大的影响。此处空格后的名词influence正是特指前文所说的a powerful influence，特指前文中的事物需用定冠词the。故填the。

二、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Exercise and I have never had a good relationship due to my fear of sports. From a young age, my dad ____41____ me into a dozen sports. I didn’t like any of them, ____42____.
When I entered University of Regina, my dad ____43____ telling me “You have to find a way to stay ____44____” or “You don’t want to get the Freshman 15, do you?” So I ____45____ to give swimming a shot, but I ____46____ managed to go to the pool twice during the fall semester (学期). Worse still, I was ____47____ to convince myself that “Yeah, that’s OK.”
Spring semester came. A friend of mine ____48____ me one day asking if I wanted to go to Zumba with her. All I knew about Zumba was that it was basically exercise dancing to Latin and pop songs. It didn’t sound too bad but I couldn’t be ____49____.
I went, and that was it. Zumba became my _____50_____ of tea. The instructor would always say: “Don’t worry about the steps. Have fun. Do your own thing.” That removed my _____51_____ about sports. I didn’t have to be _____52_____. I didn’t even have to be good. I just need to _____53_____ the music and move. Zumba did _____54_____ me from the Freshman 15, but it also did so much more. It let me make _____55_____ with my unpleasant past with physical fitness, and enjoy staying healthy.
41. A. expected B. allowed C. forced D. invited
42. A. therefore B. though C. instead D. besides
43. A. avoided B. risked C. regretted D. kept
44. A. in shape B. for fun C. at ease D. on business
45. A. refused B. happened C. bothered D. decided
46. A. hardly B. merely C. constantly D. gradually
47. A. eager B. content C. embarrassed D. disappointed
48. A. teased B. comforted C. approached D. annoyed
49. A. happy B. proud C. careful D. sure
50. A. cup B. part C. share D. mouth
51. A. curiosity B. passion C. scare D. confidence
52. A. perfect B. enthusiastic C. adorable D. ambitious
53. A. accept B. feel C. display D. compare
54. A. witness B. separate C. discourage D. save
55. A. trouble B. sense C. peace D. contact
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小开始就不喜欢运动，甚至产生了恐惧地心理，但是一次偶然地机会，作者接触到了尊巴，这种舞蹈使作者克服了对运动地恐惧，并且使身体获得了健康。
【41题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：从很小的时候起，我爸爸就强迫我从事十几项运动。A. expected期待；B. allowed允许；C. forced强迫，迫使；D. invited邀请。根据I didn’t like any of them可知，作者不喜欢这些运动，都是爸爸强迫他做的。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：不过，我一项也不喜欢。A. therefore因此；B. though尽管；C. instead反而，代替；D. besides此外。上文提到作者从小就接触了很多项运动，再结合I didn’t like any of them可知，上下文形成转折关系。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当我进入Regina大学时，我爸爸一直对我说:“你必须找到保持身材的方法”或者“你不想让一个新生重15磅，是吗?” A. avoided避免；B. risked冒险；C. regretted后悔；D. kept保持。根据“You don’t want to get the Freshman 15, do you?”可知，此处表示爸爸不停地叮嘱作者要保持体重。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我进入Regina大学时，我爸爸一直对我说:“你必须找到保持身材的方法”或者“你不想让一个新生重15磅，是吗?” A. in shape在外形上，处于良好状态；B. for fun开玩笑地，为了好玩；C. at ease安逸，自在；D. on business因公，出差办事。根据“You don’t want to get the Freshman 15, do you?”可知，此处表示要保持体形。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：所以我决定尝试一下游泳，但在秋季学期，我只去了两次游泳池。A. refused拒绝；B. happened发生；C. bothered使烦恼；D. decided决定。由于爸爸不停地叮嘱，作者决定尝试游泳来保持体形。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：所以我决定尝试一下游泳，但在秋季学期，我只去了两次游泳池。A. hardly几乎不；B. merely仅仅；C. constantly；D. gradually逐渐地。But前后为转折关系，上文提到作者决定通过游泳来保持体形，此处表示只去了两次。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我满足于说服自己“好吧，没关系。”A. eager渴望的；B. content满足的；C. embarrasses尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“Yeah, that’s OK.”可知，作者对自己地现状表示满足。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：一天，我的一个朋友建议我，问我是否想和她一起去尊巴舞。A. teased嘲笑；B. comforted安慰；C. approached建议，接近；D. annoyed使厌烦。根据I went, and that was it.可知，朋友建议作者去跳尊巴舞。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：听起来不太糟，但我不能肯定。A. happy开心的；B. proud骄傲的；C. careful小心的；D. sure确定的。根据上文All I knew about Zumba was that it was basically exercise dancing to Latin and pop songs可知，作者对尊巴舞不太了解，因此此处表示不确定。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：尊巴成了我的最爱。A. cup杯子；B. part部分；C. share一份，份额；D. mouth嘴巴。One’s cup of tea为固定短语，意为“钟爱地事物，恰合口味 ”。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这消除了我对体育运动的恐惧。A. curiosity好奇心；B. passion激情；C. scare害怕；D. confidence自信。根据上文due to my fear of sports可知，此处对应地信息词使fear（害怕）。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我不必事事完美。A. perfect完美的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. adorable可爱的，讨人喜爱的；D. ambitious有雄心的。根据I didn’t even have to be good可知，作者觉得不必事事完美。故选A。
53题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我只需要感受音乐，动起来。A. accept接受；B. feel感觉；C. display陈列，展示；D. compare比较。根据Don’t worry about the steps. Have fun. Do your own thing.可知，指导员教导作者不必在意其他的东西，因此只要感受音乐动起来即可。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：尊巴确实把我从一年级新生的15磅重中拯救了出来，但它的作用还不止这些。A. witness目击，见证；B. separate使分开，使分离；C. discourage使泄气；D. save拯救，节省。根据but it also did so much more可知，尊巴舞帮助作者避免了增重15磅。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：它让我用身体的健康与不愉快的过去和解，享受健康。A. trouble麻烦；B. sense感觉，意识；C. peace和平；D. contact联系。Make peace with为固定短语，意为“与……言归于好”。故选C。

【要点回顾】

【温故知新】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Silk Road Tour
Silk Road, a business and trade route, originates from the ancient China and connects with the Asian. African and European countries. Our well-designed Silk Road tour package will never let you down.
Departure City: Shanghai
Guide&Driver: English-speaking guide, experienced driver with an air-conditioned vehicle
Meals:12 western buffet breakfasts, 6 lunches with some being a la carte (点菜)style
Tour Highlights:
●Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple,Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall
●Trace back to the Silk Road of 2,000 years ago& learn about the culture and history
●Marvel at the art treasure- Mogao Caves&enjoy an exciting camel riding in the Gobi Desert
We Guarantee 100%No Shopping Stops!
Tour Prices

●Prices are per person in US Dollars.
●Any parts of the tour length, activities or hotels can be tailored to your individual interests
Are you ready to follow the footsteps of the ancients to explore this mysterious land now?
21. What will people do on the tour?
A. Appreciate the ancient heritage.
B. Ride on camels all the way.
C. Stay a few nights in caves.
D. Do a lot of shopping.
22. Which of the following is most likely to join the tour?
A. A Beijing businessman good at golf.
B. A Japanese model loving fashion.
C. A Yunnan biologist interested in birds.
D. An American student learning history.
23. How much should a traveler pay for her family(with two sons)who want to live comfortably?
A. $3479. B. $3749. C. $7498. D. $11247.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章是关于去丝绸之路旅行的广告。广告介绍了始发城市、景点、食宿和价格等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tour Highlights:部分的Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall(中国必看景点：兵马俑，法门寺，敦煌莫高窟，麦积山石窟，嘉峪关和慕田峪长城)可知，在旅行过程中游客可以欣赏中国古代遗产。A. Appreciate the ancient heritage.(欣赏古代遗产)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tour Highlights:部分的Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall(中国必看景点：兵马俑，法门寺，敦煌莫高窟，麦积山石窟，嘉峪关和慕田峪长城)可知，在旅行过程中游客可以欣赏中国古代遗产。由此推测，一个学历史的学生很有可能参加该旅行D. An American student learning history.(一个学历史的美国学生)符合以上推测，故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，如果一个游客和家里的两个儿子要想住得舒适，要支付的费用是每人3749美元，$3749*3=$11247 。D. $11247.符合以上说法，故选D项。

B
The universe likes to be shy about its age,but astronomers believe they have a pretty good idea of the range.Currently,the most widely accepted age for the universe is around 13.8 billion years,but determining the age of...well,everything,is no easy feat(功绩）.Now.new studies have investigated the question using different methods-and they've come up with two different answers,separated by more than a billion years.
Because the universe is expanding at an accelerating pace,the further away an object is,the faster it appears to be moving away from us.This is expressed as the Hubble constant（哈勃常数），and it's a key factor in figuring out the age of the universe.After all.if we can determine how fast objects moving away from us,we can rewind that process to its beginning-the Big Bang.Researchers from the University of Oregon set out to map the distance to dozens of galaxies The team calculated that the universe is only 12.6 billion years old-that,you might notice is much younger than the 13.8 years usually stated.
In the second study,the method of figuring out the age of the universe is by mapping the oldest light we can detect.We are restoring the' baby photo' of the universe to its original condition, removing the wear and tear of time and space that distorted(扭曲）the image, says Neelima Sehgal, co-author on the study.Only by seeing this sharper baby photo or image of the universe can we more fully understand how our universe was born."In doing so, the researcher determined that the universe is 13.8 billion years old-in agreement with the accepted age.
The real problem though,is that the studies disagree so wildly with each other, to the tune of a billion years.But they are not the only ones-the battle lines are commonly drawn by the methods used. Obviously.more research is heeded to determine where the truth lies.
24. What do we know about the universe from the first two paragraphs?
A. It doesn't exist long. B. It becomes larger. C. It runs away. D. It causes the Big Bang.
25. What makes the researchers in the first study think the universe is much younger?
A. The speed of moving objects.
B. The number of galaxies.
C. The process of the universe evolution.
D. The distance to other objects.
26. How does Neelima Sehgal explain their method in the second study?
A. By referring to a similar thing.
B. By using hard scientific data.
C. By introducing a new concept.
D. By quoting an expert's words.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Whose method is better?
B. Which result can you believe?
C. How old is the universe?
D. Why is the universe so old?
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述宇宙的寿命。
24题详解】
细节理解题。由题干要求定位开头两段，由第二段第一句“Because the universe is expanding at an accelerating pace,the further away an object is,the faster it appears to be moving away from us.(因为宇宙以加速的速度扩大，一个物体越远，它看起来就移动得离我们越远)”可知，宇宙变得更大。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。第一个研究，回归到第二段，根据第二段中“Researchers from the University of Oregon set out to map the distance to dozens of galaxies. The team calculated that the universe is only 12.6 billion years old(来自俄勒冈大学的研究者开始着手绘制到几十个星系的距离图。这个团队计算出宇宙只有126亿岁)”可知，是到其他天体的距离使第一个研究中的研究者认为宇宙更年轻。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由题干要求：”NS如何解释研究二的方法?” 结合原文第三段第二句话“We are restoring the' baby photo' of the universe to its original condition, removing the wear and tear of time and space that distorted(扭曲）the image, says Neelima Sehgal, co-author on the study.(这个研究的联合作者Neelima Sehgal说，我们正在修复宇宙的‘婴儿照片’至原本的状态，移除使形象扭曲的时间及空间的衣服和眼泪)”可知，Neelima Sehgal用一个给婴儿擦眼泪和脱衣服的比喻，比喻最早产生的光在宇宙中变化的逆过程，所以Neelima Sehgal引用了一个相似的事物进行了比喻。故选A项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。本篇为科学研究文，文章结构是总-分-总，主旨一般在首段。结合第一段第一句“The universe likes to be shy about its age,but astronomers believe they have a pretty good idea of the range.(宇宙羞于谈及年龄，但是天文学家们相信，他们很清楚这个范围)”及currently,….,separated by more than a billion year.可知，文章主要讲述人们采取不同方法测得的宇宙寿命不同。所以C项“宇宙多大年纪？”适合作为文章标题，故选C项。

C
Did you know that the average child has heard the word "no" over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The "terrible twos" are categorized by a lack of understanding. Somewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If we're not careful, the children will watch us model a world of "NOs"。
By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I haven't found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but I'm sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.
Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化)all of the "NOs" we've heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?
The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run into people with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!
28. What do we know about two- year- olds?
A. They understand well. B. They often say no to others.
C. They think logically. D. They don't do all they're told.
29. What effect does saying no have on children?
A. They lose all their dreams. B. They aren't easy to succeed.
C. They don't make mistakes. D. They never say yes to others.
30. Which word best describes the author's attitude to a world of "NOs"?
A. Tolerant. B. Disapproving. C. Favorable. D. Carefree.
31. What is the text?
A. A how-to guide. B. A survey report. C. An opinion essay. D. A short story.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章表达了作者对说“不”的看法。作者认为虽然有时说“不”是出于保护自己，但常常对孩子说“不”会对他们产生消极的影响。为了让孩子有改观，作者建议家长对他们说一句“是”。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey.可知，孩子们在三岁前就开始发展足够的性格来拒绝遵守大人所说的。D. They don't do all they're told.(他们不会完全按照被告知的去做)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run into people with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder.(内化的“不”会破坏婴儿时期梦想过程的成长，就像它会削弱三岁小孩那样快。我们也想知道我们为什么会遇到那些有着远大而未实现的梦想的催毛求疵的人。)可知，不断对孩子说“不”，会让孩子的梦想破坏，导致他们最终有很多没有完成的梦想。B. They aren't easy to succeed.(他们不会轻易成功。)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!(然而，正真让他们继续走下去的是“是”的力量。就正如只需要一本书就会让作者成为普利策奖得主一样，你只需要一个词来改变你生活轨迹，那就是“是”。)可知，作者从小时候对孩子说“不”的影响，到长大和这一路成长经历对梦想的挫伤，到最后的说一句“是”也可以对孩子们带来巨大的改观。由此推测，作者对一个充斥着“不”的世界的态度是否定的。B. Disapproving. (不赞成的)符合以上推测，故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。全文以作者观点为导向表达了作者对说“不”的看法，由此可见是一篇表明个人意见的论文。C. An opinion essay.(一篇观点文章)符合以上推测，故选C项。

D
I’m Jeff Logan, president of Logan Luxury Theaters Corporation. I’m very sorry to tell you many cinemas are at risk of closing permanently (永久). That’s something we would hate to see happen.
Watching the newest box office movie and eating a big bucket of popcorn is an experience that many of us have enjoyed for a very long time. We all have fond memories of going to a theater of our first dates or the first movie we saw with our children. A movie theater is so important to the fabric of the local community. It’s a place where we all gather, no matter what our interests, and no matter what ages, young and old, rich and poor.
But how much longer will classic theaters remain open? Just like other industries, movie theaters have been hit hard by the pandemic (流行病) and are going dark. The entire industry is being controlled by the pandemic, because the studios don't want to release their new movies until all the theaters can be open. As we all know, the theaters can’t do well and can’t get back to full 7-day a week at full speed operation without new movies to play.
Recently, the Logan Luxury 5 Cinema in Mitchell reopened for the weekends. However, like many theaters, it is only operating at about 10 percent capacity. Since opening, several new safety measures have been put in place. Block off every other row. People are asked to leave three seats between them and the next group. Staff spray the theater with disinfectant (消毒剂) after every show. And sanitizer stations can be found throughout the theater.
Even so, some people still aren’t comfortable going to a movie theater yet. I fully understand that. Anyhow, I just hope we must do something else to help out our local theaters, like taking part in a new national proposal called “Save Your Cinema.”
32. What does the underlined word “fabric” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Typical feature. B. Basic structure. C. Public support. D. Common vision.
33. Why are the film studios unwilling to release the new movies?
A. Cinemas don’t operate normally.
B. New movies aren’t welcomed.
C. People don’t like going to cinema.
D. Many cinemas go out of business.
34. What can we infer about the Logan Luxury 5 Cinema after its reopening?
A. It makes a lot of money.
B. It does well in disease prevention.
C. It receives a large audience every day.
D. It offers more enjoyable experience.
35. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To share the good old days.
B. To explain a social problem.
C. To recommend a theater.
D. To ask for people’s help.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章讲述了电影院对当地社区的重要性，以及目前在疫情下电影院所面临的困难，并呼吁大家帮助电影院。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段的A movie theater is so important to the fabric of the local community. It’s a place where we all gather, no matter what our interests, and no matter what ages, young and old, rich and poor.可知，一家电影院对当地社区的fabric来说非常重要。它是一个大家聚会的地方，不论兴趣、年龄、老少、贫富差距。根据句意可知，划线词是指一种建筑，该建筑为当地人提供可以随意聚会的地方。由此猜测，划线部分的意思是“基础建设”。B. Basic structure.(基本结构)符合以上猜测。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的The entire industry is being controlled by the pandemic, because the studios don’t want to release their new movies until all the theaters can be open.可知，整个电影行业都受到疫情影响，因为电影工作室不希望在影院复工前上映影片。即，电影工作室不上映电影，是因为电影院没有正常营业。A. Cinemas don’t operate normally.(电影院没有正常营业)符合以上说法。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的However, like many theaters, it is only operating at about 10 percent capacity. Since opening, several new safety measures have been put in place. Block off every other row. People are asked to leave three seats between them and the next group. Staff spray the theater with disinfectant (消毒剂) after every show. And sanitizer stations can be found throughout the theater.(然而，就像很多影院，它只开放10%的容量。自营业以来，几项新的安全措施已经就位。每行隔开。人们被要求在他们和下一组之间留下三个座位。员工在观影结束后喷洒消毒剂。整个电影院都有消毒站)可知，影院减少了载客容量，隔开了观影者的位置，并常常消毒清理。由此推测，他们在防疫这方面做的很好。B. It does well in disease prevention.(它在防疫这方面做得很好)符合以上推测。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Anyhow, I just hope we must do something else to help out our local theaters, like taking part in a new national proposal called “Save Your Cinema.”(不管怎么样，我只希望我们可以做点什么来帮助我们当地的电影院，例如加入一个新的全国性倡议“拯救你的电影院”)可推测，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁大家加入“拯救你的电影院”这个行动来为电影行业带来帮助。D. To ask for people’s help.(请求人们的帮助)符合以上推测。故选D项。

预习思考
预习第四单元Reading部分的核心词汇和句型。