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2022届山东省济南市历城第二中学高三上学期开学考试（B）英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022届山东省济南市历城第二中学高三上学期开学考试（B）英语试卷含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 30 分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021 年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（B版）
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节，20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the man’s wife want to go?
A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. Egypt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Where are you going to spend your holiday this year?
M: I want to go to Italy or Brazil, but my wife wants to go to Egypt.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Time. B. A pencil. C. Luck.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Bad luck! I broke my pencil.
M: Oh, wait a minute! That pencil is mine.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why could the woman finish the work on time?
A. Joan helped her. B. The man helped her. C. She worked very hard.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: How did you manage to get the work finished on time?
W: It was easy with Joan’s help.
4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the man pick up the woman?
A. At 7: 20 B. At 7: 40. C. At 8:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The film starts at eight so you can pick me up at twenty to eight.
M: How about making it twenty past seven? We need time to park the car.
W: OK. See you then.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which dress does the woman want to wear today?
A. The black one. B. The red one. C. The blue one.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Honey, could you go and fetch my new dress?
M: You bought three new dresses last week. Which one do you want to wear today?
W: I’ve already worn the black one and the blue one, so I’ll wear the red one today.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分）
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What kind of food is the man learning to cook?
A. Japanese food. B. Chinese food. C. Italian food.
7. What does the woman decide to do?
A. Take cooking classes. B. Learn from cookbooks. C. Buy some fruit and vegetables.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi! What a surprise to see you here!
M:Oh, hello. I always come here to buy some fruit and vegetables. I am taking cooking classes in Beijing. I have learned some tips on how to cook Chinese food. And I am lucky to have good teachers teach me how to make nice food.
W: I didn’t know that you are a good cook. I like cooking very much too but I’m not that good.
M: Then come with me! We can learn from each other in cooking classes.
W: OK. I’ll join you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What’s the woman looking for?
A. An expensive hotel. B. A modern hotel. C. A cheap hotel.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. Sir, madam. A table for two?
W: Yes, please. And we have a small problem. Can you help us?
M: Sure. What can I do for you?
W: We are looking for a hotel. Are there any cheap ones near here?
M: Yes. Drive west for about two minutes and you will find a grey building on the left. It’s a family hotel, very comfortable and the price isn’t very high.
W: It sounds nice. Thank you very much for your help.
M: That’s all right.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman feel？
A. Angry. B. Puzzled. C. Worried.
11. What kind of program does Ann want to watch?
A. A fashion show. B. A football match. C. A basketball match.
12. What does the woman suggest to the man?
A. Making friends with Charlie.
B. Taking care of the baby with his wife.
C. Watching the football match at her home.
【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Who made you so mad?
W: I just had a quarrel with Charlie.
M: Was it because of the football match?
W: How do you know?
M: Well, I came out for the same reason. I wanted to watch the football match while Ann wanted to watch a fashion show.
W: Ann is lucky. At least she can watch the fashion show. Charlie never gives in.
M: What else can I do then? Ann is having a baby now. I can’t make her angry. But I do want to watch the football match.
W: I have a good idea. Why don’t you go to my home and watch the football match with Charlie? I can watch the fashion show with Ann.
M: That’s great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where did the woman go on the second day of her tour?
A. The Putuo Temple. B. The Gulangyu Island. C. The Xiamen University．
14. On which day did the woman go to the Huandao Sightseeing Avenue?
A. The third day. B. The fourth day C. The fifth day.
15. How did the woman come back from Xiamen?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By bus.
16. What does the woman like best of Xiamen ?
A. The beach. B. The weather. C. The food.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Julia! When did you come back from Xiamen?
W: We came back last night.
M: How was your five-day trip there? Xiamen must be beautiful, isn’t it?
W: Yes it is. Bob and I both enjoyed the tour. We spent two days on Gulangyu Island and had a lot of fun. On the third day, we visited Putuo Temple, Xiamen University and Baicheng Beach. We spent the fourth day morning on the Huandao Sightseeing Avenue and went to the Riyuegu hot spring in the afternoon. On the last morning we went shopping in a shopping center there and then went to the train station.
M: What impressed you most there?
W: To be honest, the food, I love seafood. Bob loves the Baicheng Beach.
M: Great! I wish I could go there next year.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did the earthquake happen?
A. On the morning of Tuesday.
B. On the morning of Wednesday.
C. On the afternoon of Wednesday.
18. What happened to the boy?
A. He was buried under ruins.
B. He hid in a refrigerator for fun.
C. He was locked in a refrigerator.
19. What were people doing when they found the boy?
A. They were opening the refrigerator.
B. They were pulling Tom’s father out of ruins.
C. They were digging holes to bury dead people.
20. What did it mean when foreign doctors left the earthquake area?
A. The earthquake happened in another place.
B. There were more people dead in another place.
C. There was no hope to find people alive here.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】This is Johnson, a reporter from CNN. I’m bringing you a special news report. A six-year-old boy has been found alive after spending almost 10 hours in a refrigerator that was buried under tons of ruins in the big earthquake that took place early on the morning of Wednesday last week. The boy, Tom, was found early yesterday in the village of Sem as people were working to pull his father out of the ruins of their home. Hearing a faint cry of “ get me out, get me out”, some men dug down another 1.5meters and found the boy in the refrigerator. He was described in good condition, suffering only four or five minor wounds. Tom’s eight brothers and sisters died in the earthquake. Officials say that there may have killed as many as 5000 people. By yesterday afternoon, foreign doctors were leaving the earthquake area, as the hope of finding more survivors had been lost.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden, which offers a relaxing setting for you to enjoy works of modern sculpture.
Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996-by Lucas Samaras
Here, Samaras explores the double meaning of "flight", referring to both the starlike form created by the stacked chairs, and the movement of a single chair moving through space. From different viewpoints, the sculpture appears to be upright, leaning back, or springing forward. From the side, it even appears like a zigzagging(之字形的)line.
Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998-by Coosje van Bruggen
The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office. Here the brush arcs(作弧形运动)back conveying a sense of motion, as if the wheel-like eraser were rolling down the hill and making its way towards the gate of the garden.
Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998-1999-by Tony Smith
The title itself comes from two sources: Moondog was the name of a blind poet and folk musician who lived in New York City, and Smith has also compared this sculpture to Dog Barking at the Moon, a painting by Joan Miro. He first created Moondog in 1974 as a 33-inch cardboard model and cast it in bronze as a garden sculpture in 1980. This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death.
Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964-by Alexander Calder
During the last two decades of his life, Alexander Calder devoted his greatest efforts to large- scale mobiles and stabiles(立式抽象派雕塑), many of which have become popular public landmarks in cities around the world. Here the silky legs and tensile(张力的)up-thrust "neck" recall the power of a horse. This stabile reflects Calder’s statement: "I want to make things that are fun to look at."
21. What can we learn about the sculpture Moondog?
A. It was originally intended for a garden. B. It was the only work of its creator.
C. It was inspired by a modem painter. D. It wasn’t completed by its designer.
22. Which was based on its creator's early life?
A. Moondog. B. Cheval Rouge (Red Horse).
C. Typewriter Eraser, Scale X. D. Chair Transformation Number 20B.
23. Whose work was created the earliest?
A. Tony Smith's. B. Lucas Samaras'. C. Alexander Calder's. D. Coosje van Bruggen's.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了国家美术馆雕塑馆中的几个现代雕塑作品。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death.”（这个版本是史密斯设计的，但直到他死后才完成。）可知，Moondog不是由设计者完成的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office.”（这位艺术家选择了打字机橡皮擦作为他的作品模型，这是基于他童年在父亲办公室玩这个东西的记忆。）由此可知，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X基于它的创造者的早期生活。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996-by Lucas Samaras，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998-by Coosje van Bruggen，Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998-1999-by Tony Smith，Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964-by Alexander Calder”（椅子变换号20B, 1996年制造——卢卡斯·萨马拉斯，打字机橡皮，X级，1998年制造——库斯杰·范·布鲁根，月亮狗，1974年型号，1998-1999年制造——托尼·史密斯，红色白马，1964年制造——亚历山大·考尔德）可知，根据时间“1996，1998 ，1974，1964”可知，Alexander Calder's作品最早。故选C项。
B
In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.
Madu thought he was being recorded for a study session by his ballet instructor, instead, the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis.
His dancing also caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey, the artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance in New York. Harvey was so impressed by his talent that she tracked him down and offered him a scholarship with the American Ballet Theatre where he will attend a summer school in 2021.
Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance. "When I was watching the cartoon, I told my mum that I want to do ballet." he said.
He eventually got the chance to learn the dance after relocating to Ojo, a suburb (郊区) of Lagos with his mother, where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then.
When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up. It was during one of their sessions that he recorded Madu's dance video, but he never imagined that it would circulate rapidly.
"The video wasn't something we imagined to come out the way it did. It was just something that was supposed to show corrections of movements. It was bigger than I imagined, and I started getting calls. Celebrities were posting us," he said.
24. What can we know about Anthony Mmesoma Madu?
A. He decided to apply for a scholarship.
B. He became one of Viola Davis' big fans.
C. He posted his short video on social media.
D. He impressed many people by his dancing.
25. When did Madu show interest in ballet?
A. After attending a dance academy. B. After moving to a suburb of Lagos.
C. After watching a lively cartoon. D. After meeting Daniel Owoseni Ajala.
26. How can we describe Daniel Owoseni Ajala?
A. Demanding but sympathetic. B. Warm-hearted and respectable.
C. Stubborn but generous. D. Creative and outstanding.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Non-profit Dance Academy B. A Wonderful Dance Performance
C. A Self-taught Ballet Instructor D. An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中。短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). (今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中)”及第二段“the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis. (他练习动作的短视频被发布在社交媒体上，在世界各地被广泛分享，包括好莱坞演员Cynthia Erivo和Viola Davis在内的一些粉丝)”可知，他的跳芭蕾的视频很打动人心，给好多人留下深刻印象，被广为分享。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance.(Madu说，他对芭蕾的兴趣是在2006年看了《12位跳舞的公主》中的芭比之后发展起来的，这是一部关于12位公主都热爱舞蹈的卡通片)”可知，他是看完一部生动的关于芭蕾舞的卡通片之后，对芭蕾舞产生兴趣。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then. (在那里他们遇到了舞蹈学院的创始人Daniel Owoseni Ajala。Ajala于2017年创办了这所舞蹈学院，从那时起就一直在为无力支付舞蹈教育费用的孩子们免费教授芭蕾舞)”及第六段“When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up.(这位自学成才的教练说，当他得知玛杜想要跳舞时，他鼓励Madu的母亲让他报名)”可知，这位教练免费为付不起学费的孩子教授舞蹈，建议Madu报名，还分享Madu的练习视频。由此可知，Daniel Owoseni Ajala是一个热心的、值得人们敬重的人。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.(今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员安东尼·姆梅索玛·短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金)”可知，这是一篇新闻类文章，主要报道这个11岁小男孩生活条件恶劣，为舞蹈而着迷，他的一段练习视频感动了很多人，小男孩是本文主角。由此可知，An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy(11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞男孩)适合作本文标题。故选D项。
C
It's time for people to pick up their boom boxes and dust off their sneakers. Breaking, or competitive break dancing, is going for the gold.
On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics. It will be the latest modern sport to be added to the Games. IOC President Thomas Bach said that the new addition of breaking could help the Olympics event be “more youthful”. “We had a clear priority, and this was to introduce sports particularly popular among the younger generation,” Bach said. “And also to take into consideration the urbanization of sport.”
Breaking was originally part of early hip-hop culture in New York in the 1970s. In the decades since, it has spread globally, enjoying huge popularity beyond the US and particularly across Europe and Asia. Though breaking is often categorized as a style of street dance, it more easily lends itself to the field of sports than other styles for the competitive nature.
“Back in the Bronx in New York, when it first started, it was always neighborhoods of kids just battling each other,” 26-year-old break-dancer Victor Montalvo told USA Today. “That's how they did it back in the day.”
“Breaking competitions typically consist of one-on-one battles in which one competitor challenges his or her rival with different moves and the other responds. It's a sport/art just as physically demanding as high-intensity dancing and acrobatics”, Montalvo added.
But as an art, breaking also features coordination and creativity. Some combinations of moves can be practiced, but much of a round is improvised. Combining vitality and creativity, breaking is accepted by young dancers across the world who are motivated by the prospect of representing their countries at the world’s biggest sporting event.
28. What does the underlined words “the gold” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The coins made of gold. B. The gold medal.
C. Great wealth. D. The deep yellow color.
29. Why can breaking help the Olympics be more youthful?
A. It has a short history. B. It reflects the urbanization of sport.
C. It is a new addition to the Olympics. D. It is popular with the younger generation.
30. What might be the most challenging for breakers according to the author?
A. Creativity. B. High intensity.
C. Physical coordination. D. Dancing techniques.
31. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To stress the importance of breaking. B. To introduce a new Olympic event- breaking.
C. To throw light on the rules of breaking. D. To make a brief historical overview of breaking.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目。介绍了这一举措背后的原因以及霹雳舞的相关知识和挑战。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.( 12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目)”可知，国际奥委会宣布霹雳舞会成为下一届奥运会比赛项目，这句话的意思是“霹雳舞（选手们）将会争夺（奥运会）金牌”。故画线词指的是“金牌”。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We had a clear priority, and this was to introduce sports particularly popular among the younger generation(我们有一个明确的优先事项，那就是引进在年轻一代中特别受欢迎的运动)”可知，霹雳舞能让奥运会更年轻是因为它受年轻一代的欢迎。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But as an art, breaking also features coordination and creativity. Some combinations of moves can be practiced, but much of a round is improvised. Combining vitality and creativity, breaking is accepted by young dancers across the world who are motivated by the prospect of representing their countries at the world’s biggest sporting event.(但作为一种艺术，霹雳舞也具有协调性和创造性。一些动作组合是可以练习的，但大部分动作都是即兴的。霹雳舞结合了活力和创造力，被世界各地的年轻舞者所接受，他们被能够代表自己的国家参加世界上最大的体育赛事的前景所激励)”可推知，作者认为对霹雳舞者来说最具挑战性的是创造力。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.(12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目)”结合介绍了这一举措背后的原因以及霹雳舞的相关知识和挑战。可知文章的目的是介绍下一届奥运会上将出现新的比赛项目“霹雳舞”，故选B。
D
Mars was once wet, with an ocean's worth of water on its surface. Today, most of Mars is as dry as a desert except for ice deposits in its polar regions. Where did the rest of the water go?
Some of it disappeared into space. Water molecules, beaten by particles of solar wind, broke apart into hydrogen and oxygen atoms, and those, especially the lighter hydrogen atoms, sped out of the atmosphere, lost to outer space.
But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. And there it remains, trapped within minerals and salts. Indeed, as much as 99% of the water that once flowed on Mars could still be there, the researchers estimated in a paper published this week in the journal Science. Bethany Ehlmann, a professor of planetary science at the California Institute of Technology and one of the authors of the paper, said that as the rocks are altered by liquid water, water molecules become incorporated (并入)into minerals like clays.
The data and simulations indicated that the water on Mars was almost all gone by 3 billion years ago, around the tune on Earth when life consisted of single-cell microbes in the oceans. Without a time machine, there is no way to observe directly how much water was on a younger Mars more than 3 billion years ago. But the hydrogen atoms floating today in the atmosphere of Mars preserve a ghostly hint of the ancient ocean.
On Earth, about 1 in 5, 000 hydrogen atoms is a version known as deuterium(重氢;氢的同位素)that is twice as heavy because its nucleus contains both a neutron and a proton. But on Mars, the concentration of deuterium is markedly higher, about 1 in 700. Scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center who reported this finding in 2015 said this could be used to calculate the amount of water Mars once had.
32. Why can't water be found on Mars now except for ice deposits in polar regions?
A. Because it was transformed into deuterium.
B. Because it was beaten into particles by solar wind.
C. Because most of it was integrated and some disappeared.
D. Because it broke down into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
33. What is implied about deuterium in the last paragraph?
A. It is twice the weight of hydrogen.
B. Its nucleus contains a neutron and a proton.
C. Its concentration on Earth is markedly higher than on Mars
D. It enlightens scientists on the measurement of water on Mars.
34. In which section of a newspaper may this article appear?
A. Science. B. Travel. C. Entertainment. D. Education.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars: Once Wet, Now Dry B. Atoms: Hydrogen or Deuterium?
C. Microbes: Single-cell or Multi-cell? D. Water Vanished: This Might Be Where It Went
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了火星上消失的水一部分可能消失了，大部分可能沉入了火星的红色岩石中。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some of it disappeared into space. （一些水消失在太空中。）”和第三段“But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. （但一项新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的岩石中。）”可知原因是一部分消失了，大部分集合在岩石中。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center who reported this finding in 2015 said this could be used to calculate the amount of water Mars once had.（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的科学家在2015年报告了这一发现，称这可以用来计算火星曾经拥有的水的数量。）”可知，氘激发了科学家关于火星的水的测量。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。阅读可知这是一篇科普类说明文，因此推测可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第三段“But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. （但一项新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的岩石中。）”可知，本文主要讲述了火星消失的水可能在哪里，ABC三个选项太片面。故选D。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hungarian artist Zoltan Viczan has revealed his love and memories of his homeland in a series of new glass artworks at the exhibition, Layers of Hungary, which is taking place at Picnic Gallery in downtown Shanghai from Oct 13 to Nov 15.
Born in Hungary in 1979, Viczan began his studies in glass art at an early age in Budapest. ____36____He is known for having developed his own style and techniques for glass engraving(雕刻).
Traditional glassmaking in the West originated in Italy, where the royal court forced master crafts people to live on an island and create fine goods, Viczan says. ____37____Then they took the technique to other parts of Europe, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
Viczan came to Asia 10 years ago, spending four years in Japan and two years in Hong Kong before moving to Shanghai in 2016. Generally many expatriates socialized with people from their countries to overcome homesickness. ____38____
In the exhibition, visitors will see a map of Hungary sculpted in cast glass and decorated with traditional Hungarian glass patterns, and works describing the city of Budapest and Lake Balaton, the largest lake in Central Europe.
____39____For example, he removed the protective and reflective layers of the mirror to create a window on the surface that reveals the layer underneath. He even placed multiple layers of these windows in front of each other, creating a 3D effect that changes when viewed from different angles.
____40____ “We live in an infinitely complex world that we have no way to fully understand,” he says. “Through our experiences, we form a worldview that becomes our reality, which will be challenged when we are exposed to new ideas. These layers of realizations are the signs of our personal development.”
A. He has practiced the art form for nearly 30 years.
B. This is the first time he has presented his creations.
C. The works on show reflect Viczan’s unique methods.
D. Some managed to escape despite of the risks of death.
E. Viczan chose to represent memories of his homeland through his art.
F. The artist believes this is a good way to show idea about people’s viewpoints of reality.
G. It recalled the beauty of the calm, flat water which starts rippling after throwing a pebble in it.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. E 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。10月13日至11月15日，匈牙利艺术家Zoltan Viczan在上海野餐画廊展出了一系列新的玻璃作品，展示了他对祖国的爱和对祖国的回忆。文章主要介绍了Viczan的一些个人经历和作品特色。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Born in Hungary in 1979, Viczan began his studies in glass art at an early age in Budapest.( Viczan 于1979年出生于匈牙利，早年在布达佩斯开始学习玻璃艺术)”以及后文“He is known for having developed his own style and techniques for glass engraving(雕刻).(他以发展自己的玻璃雕刻风格和技术而闻名)”可知，上文介绍了Viczan学习玻璃艺术的地点，后文提到了他这项技术的特色，可知本句应承接上文继续说明Viczan从事这种艺术形式的时间。A选项中He指代上文Viczan。故A选项“他已经练习这种艺术形式近30年了”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Traditional glassmaking in the West originated in Italy, where the royal court forced master crafts people to live on an island and create fine goods, Viczan says.( Viczan说，西方传统的玻璃制造起源于意大利，那里的王室迫使工匠大师住在一个岛上，创造出精美的产品)”以及后文“Then they took the technique to other parts of Europe, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.(然后他们把这项技术带到欧洲的其他地方，如捷克斯洛伐克、匈牙利、波兰和斯洛伐克)”可知，上文提到王室迫使工匠大师住在一个岛上，创造出精美的产品，后文则说工匠把这项技术带到了其它地方，说明这些工匠设法从岛上逃走了。故D选项“尽管有死亡的危险，一些人还是设法逃脱了”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Viczan came to Asia 10 years ago, spending four years in Japan and two years in Hong Kong before moving to Shanghai in 2016. Generally many expatriates socialized with people from their countries to overcome homesickness.( Viczan 10年前来到亚洲，在日本待了4年，在香港待了2年，2016年搬到了上海。一般来说，许多外籍人士与来自他们国家的人交往以克服思乡之苦)”可知，上文提到外籍人士与来自他们国家的人交往以克服思乡之苦，本句为本段最后一句，可推测是在说明Viczan是如何克服思乡的：通过他的艺术来表达对家乡的回忆。故E选项“Viczan选择通过他的艺术来表达对家乡的回忆”符合语境，故选E。
【39题详解】
根据后文“For example, he removed the protective and reflective layers of the mirror to create a window on the surface that reveals the layer underneath. He even placed multiple layers of these windows in front of each other, creating a 3D effect that changes when viewed from different angles.(例如，他去掉了镜子的保护层和反射层，在表面上创建一个窗口，显示下面的层次。他甚至将这些窗口层层叠叠地排列在一起，创造出从不同角度观看时变化的3D效果)”可知，后文的例子表明Viczan可以创造出从不同角度观看时变化的3D效果，说明他的作品具有创新性和独特性。故C选项“展出的作品反映了Viczan独特的方法”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据后文““We live in an infinitely complex world that we have no way to fully understand,” he says. “Through our experiences, we form a worldview that becomes our reality, which will be challenged when we are exposed to new ideas. These layers of realizations are the signs of our personal development.”(他说：“我们生活在一个无限复杂的世界，我们没有办法完全理解，通过我们的经历，我们形成了一种世界观，这种世界观成为了我们的现实，当我们接触到新的想法时，这种世界观就会受到挑战。 这些层次的认识是我们个人发展的标志。”)”可知，后文主要引用了Viczan对现实世界的一些看法和认识，F选项中reality对应后文中reality。故F选项“这位艺术家认为这是一个很好的方式来展示人们对现实的观点”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was catching a flight from Calcutta to Madras and had arrived at the airport rather early. I had always thought of airports as ____41____ places until I saw a young couple sitting a few seats away from me, and ____42____ the woman was crying. I realized that though airports were places of delightful ____43____, they could also be about difficult departure.
The young man who looked obviously connected to the woman didn’t even try to ____44____ her. After a certain amount of ____45____, I walked over with a Smile Stone—a small marble with a smile ____46____ on it—in my hand and said, “Excuse me, can I give this to you?” And I held out one of the sky-blue Smile Stones. Tears filled ____47____ eyes. “Why?” she wanted to know. “To make you smile.” She took it quickly and ____48____ a quick, grateful smile.
Later as my bag was going through the security ____49____, a uniformed, unsmiling young lady pulled my backpack onto aside table and started unceremoniously (毫不客气地) unzipping (拉开拉链) its various sections and ______50______ the contents in the mildly aggressive ______51______ that airport security staff sometimes have. When she put her ______52______ quickly into the front pocket, she came up with a handful of smile stones—they smiled at her ______53______ and her face gently broke into a smile. The whole ______54______ of her interaction with my backpack and with me shifted in that second. I pulled out one of the smilestones and said, “This is for you, to ______55______ you to keep smiling.”
41. A. public B. painful C. happy D. social
42. A. noticed B. knew C. learned D. imagined
43. A. travel B. arrival C. work D. relaxation
44. A. accompany B. consult C. convince D. comfort
45. A. delay B. effort C. caution D. hesitation
46. A. pinned B. drawn C. fastened D. fixed
47. A. puzzled B. excited C. scared D. embarrassed
48. A. flashed B. forced C. hid D. kept
49. A. challenge B. protection C. check D. service
50. A. packing up B. referring to C. looking through D. sorting out
51. A. form B. manner C. spirit D. voice
52. A. uniform B. hand C. head D. wallet
53 A. shyly B. eagerly C. bravely D. cheerfully
54. A. situation B. climate C. environment D. atmosphere
55. A. urge B. warn C. remind D. persuade
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. B 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场用微笑石安慰哭泣的女士及用微笑石提醒安检人员保持微笑的暖心故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为机场是一个快乐的场所，直到我看到一对年轻夫妇坐在离我几个座位远的地方，并注意到一个女人在哭泣。A. public 公共的；B. painful 痛苦的；C. happy高兴的；D. social社会的。根据“I realized that though airports were places of delightful 3 ,”可知作者一直认为机场是一个欢快的地方。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为机场是一个快乐的场所，直到我看到一对年轻夫妇坐在离我几个座位远的地方，并注意到一个女人在哭泣。A. noticed注意到；B. knew知道；C. learned学到；D. imagined想象。根据“the woman was crying”可知此处指作者注意到一个女人在哭。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，虽然机场是令人愉快的到达场所，但它们也可能是艰难的离开。A. travel旅行；B. arrival到达；C. work工作；D. relaxation放松。分析可知“delightful ____3____”与下文的“difficult departure”相对应，根据语境可知此处“艰难离别”对应“愉快到达”。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来和这位女士很有关系的年轻男子甚至没有试图安慰她。A. accompany陪伴；B. consult咨询；C. convince使确信；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“the woman was crying”可以推断出此处指年轻男子甚至没有试图安慰她。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一阵之后，我拿着一块微笑石——一块画着微笑的小大理石——走了过去。我说:“打扰一下，我能把这个给你吗?”。A. delay推迟；B. effort努力；C. caution谨慎；D. hesitation犹豫。根据下文““Excuse me, can I give this to you?””及语境可知此处指作者犹豫再三才鼓起勇气想要安慰这位哭泣的女士。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一阵之后，我拿着一块微笑石——一块画着微笑的小大理石——走了过去。我说:“打扰一下，我能把这个给你吗?”A. pinned用针别在；B. drawn 画；C. fastened 拴紧；D. fixed固定。根据前文“a small marble with a smile” 可知此处指一块画着微笑的小大理石。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：困惑的眼睛里充满了泪水。“为什么?”她问。A. puzzled困惑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. scared 害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文的““Why?” she wanted to know.”可知这位女士非常的困惑。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为了让你微笑。”她迅速接过它，脸上闪现出感激的微笑。A. flashed闪烁，闪现；B. forced 强迫；C. hid隐藏；D. kept保持。下文是“a quick, grateful smile”，可知此处指闪现出感激的微笑。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，当我的包通过安全检查时，一位身穿制服、面无笑容的年轻女士把我的包拉到旁边的桌子上，开始不拘礼节地拉开包各部分的拉链，用机场安检人员有时会有的那种略带挑衅的态度查看里面的东西。A. challenge挑战；B. protection保护；C. check检验，核对；D. service服务。根据前文“my bag was going through the security”及作者在机场等细节可知此处指作者的包正在过安检。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上 。A. packing up打包；B. referring to 提到，涉及到；C. looking through检查；D. sorting out整理，挑选。根据上一题分析出作者的包过安检的细节，可推知此处指安检工作人员检查包里的物品。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. form形式；B. manner方式，习惯；C. spirit精神；D. voice嗓音。根据前文对安检工作人员的态度与动作的细节描写，可知此处指安检人员有时惯有的行为习惯。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她迅速把手伸进前口袋时，她拿出了一把微笑石——它们兴高采烈地朝她微笑，她的脸上轻轻地绽开了笑容。A. uniform制服；B. hand手；C. head头；D. wallet钱包。根据前文安检工作人员拉开作者包的拉链，检查物品的细节，可知此处指安检人员把手伸进包前面的口袋。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她迅速把手伸进前口袋时，她拿出了一把微笑石——它们兴高采烈地朝她微笑，她的脸上轻轻地绽开了笑容。A. shyly害羞地；B. eagerly急切地； C. bravely 勇敢地；D. cheerfully高高兴兴地。根据前文“with a handful of smile stones”及语境可知此处指微笑石上的笑脸都高兴地朝她微笑。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她与我的背包和我互动的整个氛围在那一秒中改变了。A. situation情形；B. climate 气候；C. environment 环境；D. atmosphere气氛。 根据前文对安检工作人员的态度与动作的细节描写，可知安检的整个过程，氛围都是比较刻板紧张的，当安检工作人员看到微笑石时也笑了出来，气氛得到了改善。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出其中一个微笑石，说:“这是给你的，用来提醒你保持微笑。”A. urge催促；B. warn警告；C. remind提醒，使想起；D. persuade劝说。根据前文安检人员看到微笑石露出微笑的细节及语境，可知此处指微笑石提醒安检人员保持微笑。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China safely landed a spacecraft on Mars— ____56____ the first time in its history and in its first attempt—becoming the only other nation besides the U.S. to achieve such a feat. Its Zhurong rover, named after a god of fire from Chinese folklore, ____57____(successful) touched down in Utopia Planitia around 7: 18 p.m. The rover ____58____(equip) with a suite of six instruments and cameras to study the surface. They include a ground-penetrating radar that can look for water and ice up to 100 meters below the surface. Zhurong also has a magnetometer(磁力仪), the first ever ____59____ (send) to Mars on a rover. Alongside a similar instrument on the Tianwen-1 orbiter, ____60____ will continue studying the planet from afar, the rover’s magnetometer could reveal the details of how Mars ____61____(lose) its magnetic field—and consequently its atmosphere and water—billions of years ago.
____62____(land) on Mars is the latest achievement from China’s planned portfolio of ambitious space ____63____(activity). But already the nation has more than proved its metule. It has conducted numerous sorties to the moon and has begun the ____64____(construct) of a space station in Earth orbit. The nation may send a pair of spacecraft to the edge of the solar system in just a few years and launch a mission to Jupiter by the end of the decade. Now that Tianwen-1 has shown that China is _____65_____ expert interplanetary explorer, even more adventurous projects may be on the horizon.
【答案】56. for
57. successfully
58. is equipped
59. sent 60. which
61. lost 62. Landing
63. activities
64. construction
65. an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的宇宙飞船在火星上安全着陆，这是中国历史上的第一次，也是第一次尝试，成为除美国之外唯一一个实现这一壮举的国家。文章还介绍了这一举措的重要意义。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国宇宙飞船在火星上安全着陆，这是中国历史上的第一次，也是第一次尝试，成为除美国之外唯一一个实现这一壮举的国家。结合句意表示“首次，初次，第一次”可知短语为for the first time。故填for。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：以中国民间传说中的火神命名的“祝融”号月球车于晚上7点18分在乌托邦平原成功着陆。修饰动词短语touched down应用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：月球车配备了六套仪器和相机来研究月球表面。结合句意表示“配备”短语为be equipped with，此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为rover，谓语动词用单数。故填is equipped。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：祝融还有一个磁力计，这是第一个通过探测器送往火星的磁力计。分析句子结构可知send在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the first构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填sent。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与将继续从远处研究火星的“天问1号”轨道飞行器上的类似仪器一起，火星探测器的磁力仪可能会揭示数十亿年前火星磁场是如何失去的，进而失去大气层和水的。此处为非限制定语从句修饰先行词the Tianwen-1 orbiter，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：与将继续从远处研究火星的“天问1号”轨道飞行器上的类似仪器一起，火星探测器的磁力仪可能会揭示数十亿年前火星磁场是如何失去的，进而失去大气层和水的。根据后文的时间状语“billins of years ago”可知此处应使用一般过去时。故填lost。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：登陆火星是中国雄心勃勃的太空计划的最新成就。分析句子结构可知，此空为句子的主语，用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Landing。
【63题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：登陆火星是中国雄心勃勃的太空计划的最新成就。activity为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填activities。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国已多次飞向月球，并已开始在地球轨道上建造空间站。空处作宾语，表示“建造”应用名词construction，表抽象概念，不可数。故填construction。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：既然“天问一号”已经表明中国是一个在行星际探索方面的专家，那么更冒险的项目可能即将出现。expert为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且expert是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍学校体育课程及活动；
2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
I’m delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the courses and a Chinese traditional sport.
Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally.
Look forward to your arrival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，介绍你校的体育课程及活动并推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
传统的：traditional→conventional
推荐：recommend→advise
健康的：fit→healthy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport...
拓展句：I recommend that you learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport...
【点睛】[高分句型1] Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally. (运用了动名词作主语)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Recently I graduated from high school, and as a gift I received a huge hunch of flowers, 40 to be exact! I had so many that I didn't know what to do with them. The next weekend my niece and nephew, Sue and Mike, aged 6 and 7, came and suddenly I had an idea. I might let them give out these flowers to people they met on the street, and in this way they could learn how to be friendly to others. So I told them about my plan and explained that these flowers would make people feel happy and smile. They loved the idea and were eager to have a try. So at once we took every single flower and tied a smile card to it. We then went to the street with the flowers.
The first flower went to a policeman. As soon as she saw the policeman, my niece ran up to him and handed him a flower. His smile was so big, but hers was even bigger!
In no time, we neared the end of our flowers. It was lunch time and we went to Subway for lunch. There the kids gave a flower to the waitress, who was really excited to receive the flower. As we were eating our lunch, the waitress came up to the kids with two big chocolate cookies! She said the chocolate cookies were for them and that she really liked the flower! As they ate the cookies, my niece and nephew looked at me with the biggest smiles I had ever seen.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With just one flower left, I said it should be given to the person who needed it most.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It turned out to be a great day for us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With just one flower left, I said it should be given to the person who needed it most. Just then, my nephew caught sight of an old woman in a wheelchair nearby. “I think she’s the very person for the flower. She lives a hard life because of bad health. She needs smiles most,” said my nephew. With these words, my nephew, followed by my niece, took the flower up to her. You can imagine how happy the old woman looked! She smiled, and gave each of the kids a big kiss.
It turned out to be a great day for us. We spread a lot of smiles by giving out flowers, and received a lot of smiles in return. The flowers not only made us feel good about ourselves, but also made 40 other people feel happy. I feel there is nothing more enjoyable than being friendly to people. Meanwhile, the kids learned an important lesson in the process. In fact, they can’t wait until next time they have such a chance again. They want to give out more flowers!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者高中毕业时收到了很多鲜花，他打算让侄子侄女们把花送给别人，用这样的方式让他们知道如何对别人友好。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：只剩下一朵花了，我说应该给最需要的人……，所以应该写谁是最需要这朵花的人。要详细描述为什么这个人是最需要这朵花的，同时要刻画当这个人收到花时的感受与表现等。第二段开头是：这对我们来说是伟大的一天。本段应该写我和侄子侄女通过送花这件事的感受及明白的道理。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，所以要提前构思，抓住重点，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】续写部分描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：catch sight of；more…
than；can’t wait ；give out等高级词汇；With these words，followed by my niece复合结构作状语等高级句式。
2021 年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（B版）
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节，20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the man’s wife want to go?
A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. Egypt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Where are you going to spend your holiday this year?
M: I want to go to Italy or Brazil, but my wife wants to go to Egypt.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Time. B. A pencil. C. Luck.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Bad luck! I broke my pencil.
M: Oh, wait a minute! That pencil is mine.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why could the woman finish the work on time?
A. Joan helped her. B. The man helped her. C. She worked very hard.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: How did you manage to get the work finished on time?
W: It was easy with Joan’s help.
4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the man pick up the woman?
A. At 7: 20 B. At 7: 40. C. At 8:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The film starts at eight so you can pick me up at twenty to eight.
M: How about making it twenty past seven? We need time to park the car.
W: OK. See you then.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which dress does the woman want to wear today?
A. The black one. B. The red one. C. The blue one.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Honey, could you go and fetch my new dress?
M: You bought three new dresses last week. Which one do you want to wear today?
W: I’ve already worn the black one and the blue one, so I’ll wear the red one today.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分）
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What kind of food is the man learning to cook?
A. Japanese food. B. Chinese food. C. Italian food.
7. What does the woman decide to do?
A. Take cooking classes. B. Learn from cookbooks. C. Buy some fruit and vegetables.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi! What a surprise to see you here!
M:Oh, hello. I always come here to buy some fruit and vegetables. I am taking cooking classes in Beijing. I have learned some tips on how to cook Chinese food. And I am lucky to have good teachers teach me how to make nice food.
W: I didn’t know that you are a good cook. I like cooking very much too but I’m not that good.
M: Then come with me! We can learn from each other in cooking classes.
W: OK. I’ll join you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What’s the woman looking for?
A. An expensive hotel. B. A modern hotel. C. A cheap hotel.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. Sir, madam. A table for two?
W: Yes, please. And we have a small problem. Can you help us?
M: Sure. What can I do for you?
W: We are looking for a hotel. Are there any cheap ones near here?
M: Yes. Drive west for about two minutes and you will find a grey building on the left. It’s a family hotel, very comfortable and the price isn’t very high.
W: It sounds nice. Thank you very much for your help.
M: That’s all right.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman feel？
A. Angry. B. Puzzled. C. Worried.
11. What kind of program does Ann want to watch?
A. A fashion show. B. A football match. C. A basketball match.
12. What does the woman suggest to the man?
A. Making friends with Charlie.
B. Taking care of the baby with his wife.
C. Watching the football match at her home.
【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Who made you so mad?
W: I just had a quarrel with Charlie.
M: Was it because of the football match?
W: How do you know?
M: Well, I came out for the same reason. I wanted to watch the football match while Ann wanted to watch a fashion show.
W: Ann is lucky. At least she can watch the fashion show. Charlie never gives in.
M: What else can I do then? Ann is having a baby now. I can’t make her angry. But I do want to watch the football match.
W: I have a good idea. Why don’t you go to my home and watch the football match with Charlie? I can watch the fashion show with Ann.
M: That’s great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where did the woman go on the second day of her tour?
A. The Putuo Temple. B. The Gulangyu Island. C. The Xiamen University．
14. On which day did the woman go to the Huandao Sightseeing Avenue?
A. The third day. B. The fourth day C. The fifth day.
15. How did the woman come back from Xiamen?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By bus.
16. What does the woman like best of Xiamen ?
A. The beach. B. The weather. C. The food.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Julia! When did you come back from Xiamen?
W: We came back last night.
M: How was your five-day trip there? Xiamen must be beautiful, isn’t it?
W: Yes it is. Bob and I both enjoyed the tour. We spent two days on Gulangyu Island and had a lot of fun. On the third day, we visited Putuo Temple, Xiamen University and Baicheng Beach. We spent the fourth day morning on the Huandao Sightseeing Avenue and went to the Riyuegu hot spring in the afternoon. On the last morning we went shopping in a shopping center there and then went to the train station.
M: What impressed you most there?
W: To be honest, the food, I love seafood. Bob loves the Baicheng Beach.
M: Great! I wish I could go there next year.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did the earthquake happen?
A. On the morning of Tuesday.
B. On the morning of Wednesday.
C. On the afternoon of Wednesday.
18. What happened to the boy?
A. He was buried under ruins.
B. He hid in a refrigerator for fun.
C. He was locked in a refrigerator.
19. What were people doing when they found the boy?
A. They were opening the refrigerator.
B. They were pulling Tom’s father out of ruins.
C. They were digging holes to bury dead people.
20. What did it mean when foreign doctors left the earthquake area?
A. The earthquake happened in another place.
B. There were more people dead in another place.
C. There was no hope to find people alive here.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】This is Johnson, a reporter from CNN. I’m bringing you a special news report. A six-year-old boy has been found alive after spending almost 10 hours in a refrigerator that was buried under tons of ruins in the big earthquake that took place early on the morning of Wednesday last week. The boy, Tom, was found early yesterday in the village of Sem as people were working to pull his father out of the ruins of their home. Hearing a faint cry of “ get me out, get me out”, some men dug down another 1.5meters and found the boy in the refrigerator. He was described in good condition, suffering only four or five minor wounds. Tom’s eight brothers and sisters died in the earthquake. Officials say that there may have killed as many as 5000 people. By yesterday afternoon, foreign doctors were leaving the earthquake area, as the hope of finding more survivors had been lost.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden, which offers a relaxing setting for you to enjoy works of modern sculpture.
Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996-by Lucas Samaras
Here, Samaras explores the double meaning of "flight", referring to both the starlike form created by the stacked chairs, and the movement of a single chair moving through space. From different viewpoints, the sculpture appears to be upright, leaning back, or springing forward. From the side, it even appears like a zigzagging(之字形的)line.
Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998-by Coosje van Bruggen
The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office. Here the brush arcs(作弧形运动)back conveying a sense of motion, as if the wheel-like eraser were rolling down the hill and making its way towards the gate of the garden.
Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998-1999-by Tony Smith
The title itself comes from two sources: Moondog was the name of a blind poet and folk musician who lived in New York City, and Smith has also compared this sculpture to Dog Barking at the Moon, a painting by Joan Miro. He first created Moondog in 1974 as a 33-inch cardboard model and cast it in bronze as a garden sculpture in 1980. This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death.
Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964-by Alexander Calder
During the last two decades of his life, Alexander Calder devoted his greatest efforts to large- scale mobiles and stabiles(立式抽象派雕塑), many of which have become popular public landmarks in cities around the world. Here the silky legs and tensile(张力的)up-thrust "neck" recall the power of a horse. This stabile reflects Calder’s statement: "I want to make things that are fun to look at."
21. What can we learn about the sculpture Moondog?
A. It was originally intended for a garden. B. It was the only work of its creator.
C. It was inspired by a modem painter. D. It wasn’t completed by its designer.
22. Which was based on its creator's early life?
A. Moondog. B. Cheval Rouge (Red Horse).
C. Typewriter Eraser, Scale X. D. Chair Transformation Number 20B.
23. Whose work was created the earliest?
A. Tony Smith's. B. Lucas Samaras'. C. Alexander Calder's. D. Coosje van Bruggen's.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了国家美术馆雕塑馆中的几个现代雕塑作品。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death.”（这个版本是史密斯设计的，但直到他死后才完成。）可知，Moondog不是由设计者完成的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office.”（这位艺术家选择了打字机橡皮擦作为他的作品模型，这是基于他童年在父亲办公室玩这个东西的记忆。）由此可知，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X基于它的创造者的早期生活。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996-by Lucas Samaras，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998-by Coosje van Bruggen，Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998-1999-by Tony Smith，Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964-by Alexander Calder”（椅子变换号20B, 1996年制造——卢卡斯·萨马拉斯，打字机橡皮，X级，1998年制造——库斯杰·范·布鲁根，月亮狗，1974年型号，1998-1999年制造——托尼·史密斯，红色白马，1964年制造——亚历山大·考尔德）可知，根据时间“1996，1998 ，1974，1964”可知，Alexander Calder's作品最早。故选C项。
B
In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.
Madu thought he was being recorded for a study session by his ballet instructor, instead, the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis.
His dancing also caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey, the artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance in New York. Harvey was so impressed by his talent that she tracked him down and offered him a scholarship with the American Ballet Theatre where he will attend a summer school in 2021.
Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance. "When I was watching the cartoon, I told my mum that I want to do ballet." he said.
He eventually got the chance to learn the dance after relocating to Ojo, a suburb (郊区) of Lagos with his mother, where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then.
When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up. It was during one of their sessions that he recorded Madu's dance video, but he never imagined that it would circulate rapidly.
"The video wasn't something we imagined to come out the way it did. It was just something that was supposed to show corrections of movements. It was bigger than I imagined, and I started getting calls. Celebrities were posting us," he said.
24. What can we know about Anthony Mmesoma Madu?
A. He decided to apply for a scholarship.
B. He became one of Viola Davis' big fans.
C. He posted his short video on social media.
D. He impressed many people by his dancing.
25. When did Madu show interest in ballet?
A. After attending a dance academy. B. After moving to a suburb of Lagos.
C. After watching a lively cartoon. D. After meeting Daniel Owoseni Ajala.
26. How can we describe Daniel Owoseni Ajala?
A. Demanding but sympathetic. B. Warm-hearted and respectable.
C. Stubborn but generous. D. Creative and outstanding.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Non-profit Dance Academy B. A Wonderful Dance Performance
C. A Self-taught Ballet Instructor D. An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中。短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). (今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中)”及第二段“the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis. (他练习动作的短视频被发布在社交媒体上，在世界各地被广泛分享，包括好莱坞演员Cynthia Erivo和Viola Davis在内的一些粉丝)”可知，他的跳芭蕾的视频很打动人心，给好多人留下深刻印象，被广为分享。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance.(Madu说，他对芭蕾的兴趣是在2006年看了《12位跳舞的公主》中的芭比之后发展起来的，这是一部关于12位公主都热爱舞蹈的卡通片)”可知，他是看完一部生动的关于芭蕾舞的卡通片之后，对芭蕾舞产生兴趣。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then. (在那里他们遇到了舞蹈学院的创始人Daniel Owoseni Ajala。Ajala于2017年创办了这所舞蹈学院，从那时起就一直在为无力支付舞蹈教育费用的孩子们免费教授芭蕾舞)”及第六段“When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up.(这位自学成才的教练说，当他得知玛杜想要跳舞时，他鼓励Madu的母亲让他报名)”可知，这位教练免费为付不起学费的孩子教授舞蹈，建议Madu报名，还分享Madu的练习视频。由此可知，Daniel Owoseni Ajala是一个热心的、值得人们敬重的人。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.(今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员安东尼·姆梅索玛·短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金)”可知，这是一篇新闻类文章，主要报道这个11岁小男孩生活条件恶劣，为舞蹈而着迷，他的一段练习视频感动了很多人，小男孩是本文主角。由此可知，An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy(11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞男孩)适合作本文标题。故选D项。
C
It's time for people to pick up their boom boxes and dust off their sneakers. Breaking, or competitive break dancing, is going for the gold.
On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics. It will be the latest modern sport to be added to the Games. IOC President Thomas Bach said that the new addition of breaking could help the Olympics event be “more youthful”. “We had a clear priority, and this was to introduce sports particularly popular among the younger generation,” Bach said. “And also to take into consideration the urbanization of sport.”
Breaking was originally part of early hip-hop culture in New York in the 1970s. In the decades since, it has spread globally, enjoying huge popularity beyond the US and particularly across Europe and Asia. Though breaking is often categorized as a style of street dance, it more easily lends itself to the field of sports than other styles for the competitive nature.
“Back in the Bronx in New York, when it first started, it was always neighborhoods of kids just battling each other,” 26-year-old break-dancer Victor Montalvo told USA Today. “That's how they did it back in the day.”
“Breaking competitions typically consist of one-on-one battles in which one competitor challenges his or her rival with different moves and the other responds. It's a sport/art just as physically demanding as high-intensity dancing and acrobatics”, Montalvo added.
But as an art, breaking also features coordination and creativity. Some combinations of moves can be practiced, but much of a round is improvised. Combining vitality and creativity, breaking is accepted by young dancers across the world who are motivated by the prospect of representing their countries at the world’s biggest sporting event.
28. What does the underlined words “the gold” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The coins made of gold. B. The gold medal.
C. Great wealth. D. The deep yellow color.
29. Why can breaking help the Olympics be more youthful?
A. It has a short history. B. It reflects the urbanization of sport.
C. It is a new addition to the Olympics. D. It is popular with the younger generation.
30. What might be the most challenging for breakers according to the author?
A. Creativity. B. High intensity.
C. Physical coordination. D. Dancing techniques.
31. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To stress the importance of breaking. B. To introduce a new Olympic event- breaking.
C. To throw light on the rules of breaking. D. To make a brief historical overview of breaking.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目。介绍了这一举措背后的原因以及霹雳舞的相关知识和挑战。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.( 12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目)”可知，国际奥委会宣布霹雳舞会成为下一届奥运会比赛项目，这句话的意思是“霹雳舞（选手们）将会争夺（奥运会）金牌”。故画线词指的是“金牌”。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We had a clear priority, and this was to introduce sports particularly popular among the younger generation(我们有一个明确的优先事项，那就是引进在年轻一代中特别受欢迎的运动)”可知，霹雳舞能让奥运会更年轻是因为它受年轻一代的欢迎。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But as an art, breaking also features coordination and creativity. Some combinations of moves can be practiced, but much of a round is improvised. Combining vitality and creativity, breaking is accepted by young dancers across the world who are motivated by the prospect of representing their countries at the world’s biggest sporting event.(但作为一种艺术，霹雳舞也具有协调性和创造性。一些动作组合是可以练习的，但大部分动作都是即兴的。霹雳舞结合了活力和创造力，被世界各地的年轻舞者所接受，他们被能够代表自己的国家参加世界上最大的体育赛事的前景所激励)”可推知，作者认为对霹雳舞者来说最具挑战性的是创造力。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“On Dec 7, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that breaking would be an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.(12月7日，国际奥委会宣布2024年巴黎夏季奥运会将霹雳舞列为奥运会项目)”结合介绍了这一举措背后的原因以及霹雳舞的相关知识和挑战。可知文章的目的是介绍下一届奥运会上将出现新的比赛项目“霹雳舞”，故选B。
D
Mars was once wet, with an ocean's worth of water on its surface. Today, most of Mars is as dry as a desert except for ice deposits in its polar regions. Where did the rest of the water go?
Some of it disappeared into space. Water molecules, beaten by particles of solar wind, broke apart into hydrogen and oxygen atoms, and those, especially the lighter hydrogen atoms, sped out of the atmosphere, lost to outer space.
But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. And there it remains, trapped within minerals and salts. Indeed, as much as 99% of the water that once flowed on Mars could still be there, the researchers estimated in a paper published this week in the journal Science. Bethany Ehlmann, a professor of planetary science at the California Institute of Technology and one of the authors of the paper, said that as the rocks are altered by liquid water, water molecules become incorporated (并入)into minerals like clays.
The data and simulations indicated that the water on Mars was almost all gone by 3 billion years ago, around the tune on Earth when life consisted of single-cell microbes in the oceans. Without a time machine, there is no way to observe directly how much water was on a younger Mars more than 3 billion years ago. But the hydrogen atoms floating today in the atmosphere of Mars preserve a ghostly hint of the ancient ocean.
On Earth, about 1 in 5, 000 hydrogen atoms is a version known as deuterium(重氢;氢的同位素)that is twice as heavy because its nucleus contains both a neutron and a proton. But on Mars, the concentration of deuterium is markedly higher, about 1 in 700. Scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center who reported this finding in 2015 said this could be used to calculate the amount of water Mars once had.
32. Why can't water be found on Mars now except for ice deposits in polar regions?
A. Because it was transformed into deuterium.
B. Because it was beaten into particles by solar wind.
C. Because most of it was integrated and some disappeared.
D. Because it broke down into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
33. What is implied about deuterium in the last paragraph?
A. It is twice the weight of hydrogen.
B. Its nucleus contains a neutron and a proton.
C. Its concentration on Earth is markedly higher than on Mars
D. It enlightens scientists on the measurement of water on Mars.
34. In which section of a newspaper may this article appear?
A. Science. B. Travel. C. Entertainment. D. Education.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars: Once Wet, Now Dry B. Atoms: Hydrogen or Deuterium?
C. Microbes: Single-cell or Multi-cell? D. Water Vanished: This Might Be Where It Went
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了火星上消失的水一部分可能消失了，大部分可能沉入了火星的红色岩石中。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some of it disappeared into space. （一些水消失在太空中。）”和第三段“But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. （但一项新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的岩石中。）”可知原因是一部分消失了，大部分集合在岩石中。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center who reported this finding in 2015 said this could be used to calculate the amount of water Mars once had.（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的科学家在2015年报告了这一发现，称这可以用来计算火星曾经拥有的水的数量。）”可知，氘激发了科学家关于火星的水的测量。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。阅读可知这是一篇科普类说明文，因此推测可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第三段“But most of the water, a new study concludes, went down, sucked into the red planet's rocks. （但一项新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的岩石中。）”可知，本文主要讲述了火星消失的水可能在哪里，ABC三个选项太片面。故选D。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hungarian artist Zoltan Viczan has revealed his love and memories of his homeland in a series of new glass artworks at the exhibition, Layers of Hungary, which is taking place at Picnic Gallery in downtown Shanghai from Oct 13 to Nov 15.
Born in Hungary in 1979, Viczan began his studies in glass art at an early age in Budapest. ____36____He is known for having developed his own style and techniques for glass engraving(雕刻).
Traditional glassmaking in the West originated in Italy, where the royal court forced master crafts people to live on an island and create fine goods, Viczan says. ____37____Then they took the technique to other parts of Europe, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
Viczan came to Asia 10 years ago, spending four years in Japan and two years in Hong Kong before moving to Shanghai in 2016. Generally many expatriates socialized with people from their countries to overcome homesickness. ____38____
In the exhibition, visitors will see a map of Hungary sculpted in cast glass and decorated with traditional Hungarian glass patterns, and works describing the city of Budapest and Lake Balaton, the largest lake in Central Europe.
____39____For example, he removed the protective and reflective layers of the mirror to create a window on the surface that reveals the layer underneath. He even placed multiple layers of these windows in front of each other, creating a 3D effect that changes when viewed from different angles.
____40____ “We live in an infinitely complex world that we have no way to fully understand,” he says. “Through our experiences, we form a worldview that becomes our reality, which will be challenged when we are exposed to new ideas. These layers of realizations are the signs of our personal development.”
A. He has practiced the art form for nearly 30 years.
B. This is the first time he has presented his creations.
C. The works on show reflect Viczan’s unique methods.
D. Some managed to escape despite of the risks of death.
E. Viczan chose to represent memories of his homeland through his art.
F. The artist believes this is a good way to show idea about people’s viewpoints of reality.
G. It recalled the beauty of the calm, flat water which starts rippling after throwing a pebble in it.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. E 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。10月13日至11月15日，匈牙利艺术家Zoltan Viczan在上海野餐画廊展出了一系列新的玻璃作品，展示了他对祖国的爱和对祖国的回忆。文章主要介绍了Viczan的一些个人经历和作品特色。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Born in Hungary in 1979, Viczan began his studies in glass art at an early age in Budapest.( Viczan 于1979年出生于匈牙利，早年在布达佩斯开始学习玻璃艺术)”以及后文“He is known for having developed his own style and techniques for glass engraving(雕刻).(他以发展自己的玻璃雕刻风格和技术而闻名)”可知，上文介绍了Viczan学习玻璃艺术的地点，后文提到了他这项技术的特色，可知本句应承接上文继续说明Viczan从事这种艺术形式的时间。A选项中He指代上文Viczan。故A选项“他已经练习这种艺术形式近30年了”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Traditional glassmaking in the West originated in Italy, where the royal court forced master crafts people to live on an island and create fine goods, Viczan says.( Viczan说，西方传统的玻璃制造起源于意大利，那里的王室迫使工匠大师住在一个岛上，创造出精美的产品)”以及后文“Then they took the technique to other parts of Europe, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.(然后他们把这项技术带到欧洲的其他地方，如捷克斯洛伐克、匈牙利、波兰和斯洛伐克)”可知，上文提到王室迫使工匠大师住在一个岛上，创造出精美的产品，后文则说工匠把这项技术带到了其它地方，说明这些工匠设法从岛上逃走了。故D选项“尽管有死亡的危险，一些人还是设法逃脱了”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Viczan came to Asia 10 years ago, spending four years in Japan and two years in Hong Kong before moving to Shanghai in 2016. Generally many expatriates socialized with people from their countries to overcome homesickness.( Viczan 10年前来到亚洲，在日本待了4年，在香港待了2年，2016年搬到了上海。一般来说，许多外籍人士与来自他们国家的人交往以克服思乡之苦)”可知，上文提到外籍人士与来自他们国家的人交往以克服思乡之苦，本句为本段最后一句，可推测是在说明Viczan是如何克服思乡的：通过他的艺术来表达对家乡的回忆。故E选项“Viczan选择通过他的艺术来表达对家乡的回忆”符合语境，故选E。
【39题详解】
根据后文“For example, he removed the protective and reflective layers of the mirror to create a window on the surface that reveals the layer underneath. He even placed multiple layers of these windows in front of each other, creating a 3D effect that changes when viewed from different angles.(例如，他去掉了镜子的保护层和反射层，在表面上创建一个窗口，显示下面的层次。他甚至将这些窗口层层叠叠地排列在一起，创造出从不同角度观看时变化的3D效果)”可知，后文的例子表明Viczan可以创造出从不同角度观看时变化的3D效果，说明他的作品具有创新性和独特性。故C选项“展出的作品反映了Viczan独特的方法”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据后文““We live in an infinitely complex world that we have no way to fully understand,” he says. “Through our experiences, we form a worldview that becomes our reality, which will be challenged when we are exposed to new ideas. These layers of realizations are the signs of our personal development.”(他说：“我们生活在一个无限复杂的世界，我们没有办法完全理解，通过我们的经历，我们形成了一种世界观，这种世界观成为了我们的现实，当我们接触到新的想法时，这种世界观就会受到挑战。 这些层次的认识是我们个人发展的标志。”)”可知，后文主要引用了Viczan对现实世界的一些看法和认识，F选项中reality对应后文中reality。故F选项“这位艺术家认为这是一个很好的方式来展示人们对现实的观点”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was catching a flight from Calcutta to Madras and had arrived at the airport rather early. I had always thought of airports as ____41____ places until I saw a young couple sitting a few seats away from me, and ____42____ the woman was crying. I realized that though airports were places of delightful ____43____, they could also be about difficult departure.
The young man who looked obviously connected to the woman didn’t even try to ____44____ her. After a certain amount of ____45____, I walked over with a Smile Stone—a small marble with a smile ____46____ on it—in my hand and said, “Excuse me, can I give this to you?” And I held out one of the sky-blue Smile Stones. Tears filled ____47____ eyes. “Why?” she wanted to know. “To make you smile.” She took it quickly and ____48____ a quick, grateful smile.
Later as my bag was going through the security ____49____, a uniformed, unsmiling young lady pulled my backpack onto aside table and started unceremoniously (毫不客气地) unzipping (拉开拉链) its various sections and ______50______ the contents in the mildly aggressive ______51______ that airport security staff sometimes have. When she put her ______52______ quickly into the front pocket, she came up with a handful of smile stones—they smiled at her ______53______ and her face gently broke into a smile. The whole ______54______ of her interaction with my backpack and with me shifted in that second. I pulled out one of the smilestones and said, “This is for you, to ______55______ you to keep smiling.”
41. A. public B. painful C. happy D. social
42. A. noticed B. knew C. learned D. imagined
43. A. travel B. arrival C. work D. relaxation
44. A. accompany B. consult C. convince D. comfort
45. A. delay B. effort C. caution D. hesitation
46. A. pinned B. drawn C. fastened D. fixed
47. A. puzzled B. excited C. scared D. embarrassed
48. A. flashed B. forced C. hid D. kept
49. A. challenge B. protection C. check D. service
50. A. packing up B. referring to C. looking through D. sorting out
51. A. form B. manner C. spirit D. voice
52. A. uniform B. hand C. head D. wallet
53 A. shyly B. eagerly C. bravely D. cheerfully
54. A. situation B. climate C. environment D. atmosphere
55. A. urge B. warn C. remind D. persuade
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. B 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场用微笑石安慰哭泣的女士及用微笑石提醒安检人员保持微笑的暖心故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为机场是一个快乐的场所，直到我看到一对年轻夫妇坐在离我几个座位远的地方，并注意到一个女人在哭泣。A. public 公共的；B. painful 痛苦的；C. happy高兴的；D. social社会的。根据“I realized that though airports were places of delightful 3 ,”可知作者一直认为机场是一个欢快的地方。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直认为机场是一个快乐的场所，直到我看到一对年轻夫妇坐在离我几个座位远的地方，并注意到一个女人在哭泣。A. noticed注意到；B. knew知道；C. learned学到；D. imagined想象。根据“the woman was crying”可知此处指作者注意到一个女人在哭。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，虽然机场是令人愉快的到达场所，但它们也可能是艰难的离开。A. travel旅行；B. arrival到达；C. work工作；D. relaxation放松。分析可知“delightful ____3____”与下文的“difficult departure”相对应，根据语境可知此处“艰难离别”对应“愉快到达”。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来和这位女士很有关系的年轻男子甚至没有试图安慰她。A. accompany陪伴；B. consult咨询；C. convince使确信；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“the woman was crying”可以推断出此处指年轻男子甚至没有试图安慰她。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一阵之后，我拿着一块微笑石——一块画着微笑的小大理石——走了过去。我说:“打扰一下，我能把这个给你吗?”。A. delay推迟；B. effort努力；C. caution谨慎；D. hesitation犹豫。根据下文““Excuse me, can I give this to you?””及语境可知此处指作者犹豫再三才鼓起勇气想要安慰这位哭泣的女士。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一阵之后，我拿着一块微笑石——一块画着微笑的小大理石——走了过去。我说:“打扰一下，我能把这个给你吗?”A. pinned用针别在；B. drawn 画；C. fastened 拴紧；D. fixed固定。根据前文“a small marble with a smile” 可知此处指一块画着微笑的小大理石。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：困惑的眼睛里充满了泪水。“为什么?”她问。A. puzzled困惑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. scared 害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文的““Why?” she wanted to know.”可知这位女士非常的困惑。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为了让你微笑。”她迅速接过它，脸上闪现出感激的微笑。A. flashed闪烁，闪现；B. forced 强迫；C. hid隐藏；D. kept保持。下文是“a quick, grateful smile”，可知此处指闪现出感激的微笑。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，当我的包通过安全检查时，一位身穿制服、面无笑容的年轻女士把我的包拉到旁边的桌子上，开始不拘礼节地拉开包各部分的拉链，用机场安检人员有时会有的那种略带挑衅的态度查看里面的东西。A. challenge挑战；B. protection保护；C. check检验，核对；D. service服务。根据前文“my bag was going through the security”及作者在机场等细节可知此处指作者的包正在过安检。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上 。A. packing up打包；B. referring to 提到，涉及到；C. looking through检查；D. sorting out整理，挑选。根据上一题分析出作者的包过安检的细节，可推知此处指安检工作人员检查包里的物品。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. form形式；B. manner方式，习惯；C. spirit精神；D. voice嗓音。根据前文对安检工作人员的态度与动作的细节描写，可知此处指安检人员有时惯有的行为习惯。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她迅速把手伸进前口袋时，她拿出了一把微笑石——它们兴高采烈地朝她微笑，她的脸上轻轻地绽开了笑容。A. uniform制服；B. hand手；C. head头；D. wallet钱包。根据前文安检工作人员拉开作者包的拉链，检查物品的细节，可知此处指安检人员把手伸进包前面的口袋。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她迅速把手伸进前口袋时，她拿出了一把微笑石——它们兴高采烈地朝她微笑，她的脸上轻轻地绽开了笑容。A. shyly害羞地；B. eagerly急切地； C. bravely 勇敢地；D. cheerfully高高兴兴地。根据前文“with a handful of smile stones”及语境可知此处指微笑石上的笑脸都高兴地朝她微笑。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她与我的背包和我互动的整个氛围在那一秒中改变了。A. situation情形；B. climate 气候；C. environment 环境；D. atmosphere气氛。 根据前文对安检工作人员的态度与动作的细节描写，可知安检的整个过程，氛围都是比较刻板紧张的，当安检工作人员看到微笑石时也笑了出来，气氛得到了改善。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出其中一个微笑石，说:“这是给你的，用来提醒你保持微笑。”A. urge催促；B. warn警告；C. remind提醒，使想起；D. persuade劝说。根据前文安检人员看到微笑石露出微笑的细节及语境，可知此处指微笑石提醒安检人员保持微笑。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China safely landed a spacecraft on Mars— ____56____ the first time in its history and in its first attempt—becoming the only other nation besides the U.S. to achieve such a feat. Its Zhurong rover, named after a god of fire from Chinese folklore, ____57____(successful) touched down in Utopia Planitia around 7: 18 p.m. The rover ____58____(equip) with a suite of six instruments and cameras to study the surface. They include a ground-penetrating radar that can look for water and ice up to 100 meters below the surface. Zhurong also has a magnetometer(磁力仪), the first ever ____59____ (send) to Mars on a rover. Alongside a similar instrument on the Tianwen-1 orbiter, ____60____ will continue studying the planet from afar, the rover’s magnetometer could reveal the details of how Mars ____61____(lose) its magnetic field—and consequently its atmosphere and water—billions of years ago.
____62____(land) on Mars is the latest achievement from China’s planned portfolio of ambitious space ____63____(activity). But already the nation has more than proved its metule. It has conducted numerous sorties to the moon and has begun the ____64____(construct) of a space station in Earth orbit. The nation may send a pair of spacecraft to the edge of the solar system in just a few years and launch a mission to Jupiter by the end of the decade. Now that Tianwen-1 has shown that China is _____65_____ expert interplanetary explorer, even more adventurous projects may be on the horizon.
【答案】56. for
57. successfully
58. is equipped
59. sent 60. which
61. lost 62. Landing
63. activities
64. construction
65. an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的宇宙飞船在火星上安全着陆，这是中国历史上的第一次，也是第一次尝试，成为除美国之外唯一一个实现这一壮举的国家。文章还介绍了这一举措的重要意义。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国宇宙飞船在火星上安全着陆，这是中国历史上的第一次，也是第一次尝试，成为除美国之外唯一一个实现这一壮举的国家。结合句意表示“首次，初次，第一次”可知短语为for the first time。故填for。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：以中国民间传说中的火神命名的“祝融”号月球车于晚上7点18分在乌托邦平原成功着陆。修饰动词短语touched down应用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：月球车配备了六套仪器和相机来研究月球表面。结合句意表示“配备”短语为be equipped with，此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为rover，谓语动词用单数。故填is equipped。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：祝融还有一个磁力计，这是第一个通过探测器送往火星的磁力计。分析句子结构可知send在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the first构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填sent。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与将继续从远处研究火星的“天问1号”轨道飞行器上的类似仪器一起，火星探测器的磁力仪可能会揭示数十亿年前火星磁场是如何失去的，进而失去大气层和水的。此处为非限制定语从句修饰先行词the Tianwen-1 orbiter，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：与将继续从远处研究火星的“天问1号”轨道飞行器上的类似仪器一起，火星探测器的磁力仪可能会揭示数十亿年前火星磁场是如何失去的，进而失去大气层和水的。根据后文的时间状语“billins of years ago”可知此处应使用一般过去时。故填lost。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：登陆火星是中国雄心勃勃的太空计划的最新成就。分析句子结构可知，此空为句子的主语，用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Landing。
【63题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：登陆火星是中国雄心勃勃的太空计划的最新成就。activity为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填activities。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国已多次飞向月球，并已开始在地球轨道上建造空间站。空处作宾语，表示“建造”应用名词construction，表抽象概念，不可数。故填construction。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：既然“天问一号”已经表明中国是一个在行星际探索方面的专家，那么更冒险的项目可能即将出现。expert为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且expert是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍学校体育课程及活动；
2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
I’m delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the courses and a Chinese traditional sport.
Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally.
Look forward to your arrival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，介绍你校的体育课程及活动并推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
传统的：traditional→conventional
推荐：recommend→advise
健康的：fit→healthy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport...
拓展句：I recommend that you learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport...
【点睛】[高分句型1] Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally. (运用了动名词作主语)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Recently I graduated from high school, and as a gift I received a huge hunch of flowers, 40 to be exact! I had so many that I didn't know what to do with them. The next weekend my niece and nephew, Sue and Mike, aged 6 and 7, came and suddenly I had an idea. I might let them give out these flowers to people they met on the street, and in this way they could learn how to be friendly to others. So I told them about my plan and explained that these flowers would make people feel happy and smile. They loved the idea and were eager to have a try. So at once we took every single flower and tied a smile card to it. We then went to the street with the flowers.
The first flower went to a policeman. As soon as she saw the policeman, my niece ran up to him and handed him a flower. His smile was so big, but hers was even bigger!
In no time, we neared the end of our flowers. It was lunch time and we went to Subway for lunch. There the kids gave a flower to the waitress, who was really excited to receive the flower. As we were eating our lunch, the waitress came up to the kids with two big chocolate cookies! She said the chocolate cookies were for them and that she really liked the flower! As they ate the cookies, my niece and nephew looked at me with the biggest smiles I had ever seen.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With just one flower left, I said it should be given to the person who needed it most.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It turned out to be a great day for us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With just one flower left, I said it should be given to the person who needed it most. Just then, my nephew caught sight of an old woman in a wheelchair nearby. “I think she’s the very person for the flower. She lives a hard life because of bad health. She needs smiles most,” said my nephew. With these words, my nephew, followed by my niece, took the flower up to her. You can imagine how happy the old woman looked! She smiled, and gave each of the kids a big kiss.
It turned out to be a great day for us. We spread a lot of smiles by giving out flowers, and received a lot of smiles in return. The flowers not only made us feel good about ourselves, but also made 40 other people feel happy. I feel there is nothing more enjoyable than being friendly to people. Meanwhile, the kids learned an important lesson in the process. In fact, they can’t wait until next time they have such a chance again. They want to give out more flowers!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者高中毕业时收到了很多鲜花，他打算让侄子侄女们把花送给别人，用这样的方式让他们知道如何对别人友好。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：只剩下一朵花了，我说应该给最需要的人……，所以应该写谁是最需要这朵花的人。要详细描述为什么这个人是最需要这朵花的，同时要刻画当这个人收到花时的感受与表现等。第二段开头是：这对我们来说是伟大的一天。本段应该写我和侄子侄女通过送花这件事的感受及明白的道理。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，所以要提前构思，抓住重点，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】续写部分描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：catch sight of；more…
than；can’t wait ；give out等高级词汇；With these words，followed by my niece复合结构作状语等高级句式。
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