2022届陕西省西安市西安中学高三上学期摸底考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届陕西省西安市西安中学高三上学期摸底考英语试题含解析，共23页。

2022届陕西省西安市西安中学高三上学期摸底考英语试题
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分20分）略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 30 ）
阅读下列短文, 从每图所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Royal Albert Hall
Erie Clapton returns to the Royal Albert Hall next May, marking his only UK shows in 2021. Clapton’s career as a professional musician has seen him create an abundance of records with numerous bands.
Time: May to July- the first Tuesday and the first Sunday per month.
Starts: 7:30 pm.
There is a ticket limit of six tickets per household.
Call 472-556 for more information.
http://www.royalalberthall.com
Concertgebouw Hall
It goes without saying that the Concertgebouw and jazz and pop music make a perfect combination. The stages of both the Main Hall and the Recital Hall have borne witness to nearly the whole of jazz history.
Note: Concerts until December 31, 2020 do not have assigned seating due to our COVID-19 measures. Staff members will show you to your seats. For the Main Hall you can choose in which section you would like to sit: balcony, stage or orchestra.
A free schedule of events is available by calling the box office at 488-576 for more information.
http://www.concertgebouw.com
Boston Symphony Orchestra
The Boston Symphony Orchestra is pleased to present Encore BSO Recitals, a colorful and wide-ranging online concert series spotlighting 50 musicians of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. It will give viewers a rare opportunity to experience the individual attraction of many of the musicians who make up the world-known ensemble(乐团).
Video streams begin on Thursdays at noon Eastern Time.
A donation of S25 or more will give you access to all nine videos in the series.
http://www.boston.com
Carnegie Hall
Pianist Jonathan Biss 2021 master class focuses on the late solo works of Beethoven, Brahms, and Schubert - a fascinating journey for the six young pianists who participate. Biss hosts this program-which also includes an interaction between performers and audience.
Students with L.D. cards can attend the events for free.
Phone: 654-112.
1. How many performances will Eric Clapton give in Royal Albert Hall in 2021?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
2. What can you learn from the passage?
A. A family cannot purchase more than six tickets to Eric Clapton’s performances in the Royal Albert Hall.
B. Visitors can enjoy the performance for free in Concertgebouw Hall by calling 488-576 in advance.
C. The Boston Symphony Orchestra will present Encore BSO Recitals in a concert hall in Boston.
D. Pianist Jonathan Biss will play the solo works and host a performer-audience interaction in Carnegie Hall.
3. All the performances introduced above_______
A. offer free tickets B. have a ticket limit
C. have the theme of music D. are performed by famous bands
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个音乐厅以及在这四个音乐厅要举办的音乐会的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Royal Albert Hall部分“Time: May to July—the first Tuesday and the first Sunday per month.”(时间：5月到7月——每月第一个星期二和第一个星期天。)可知，5月至7月每个月都有两场表演，总计六场。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Royal Albert Hall部分“There is a ticket limit of six tickets per household.”(每个家庭有六张票的限制。)可知，一个家庭不能在Royal Albert Hall购买超过六张票。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，文章介绍了四个音乐厅，四个音乐厅都与音乐有关，所以以上介绍的所有表演都以音乐为主题。故选C项。
B
Do you know that some people have memories that are completely wrong? They remember things that never happened. Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory. When this happens, it’s believed that it is because of the Mandela Effect.
People first noticed the Mandela Effect in 2013. That year, Nelson Mandela passed away. However, thousands of people remembered him dying in the 1980s. They described watching his funeral on TV. But in fact, Mandela lived to be 95 years old. How could that be? How could so many people have the same wrong memory?
Most experts explain the Mandela Effect using brain science. When we make memories our brains keep them in groups. Each group includes memories that are similar to each other. Sometimes, our brains mess up. They mix two similar memories together. That’s why people thought Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s. They knew he was imprisoned (坐牢) during the 1980s. For some reason, they mixed his imprisonment with his death.
That would explain why so many people in 2013 thought Nelson Mandela was already dead. But would it explain why all those people gave similar descriptions of his funeral? Could all those people have mixed up the same two memories?
Another theory about the basis for the Mandela effect originates from quantum physics (量子物理学) and relates to the idea that rather than one timeline of events, it is possible that alternate realities or universes are taking place and mixing with our timeline. In theory, this would result in groups of people having the same memories because the timeline has been changed as we shift between these different realities. You aren’t alone if you think this sounds a little unrealistic.
There are many other examples of the Mandela Effect. Have you ever seen the Mona Lisa? Many people remember the woman in the painting with a frown or was straight-faced. If you look at the Mona Lisa today, you'll find she’s smiling. Do you know where New Zealand is in relation to Australia? However, there is a community of people who claim to remember New Zealand being northeast instead of southeast.
Are these wrong memories the result of mixed memories, or is there another explanation? Without further science research, we can’t say for sure!
4. The Mandela Effect refers to a phenomenon ________.
A. created by the former South African president Nelson Mandela
B. describing how some people have worse memory than others
C. about a large number of people watching Mandela's funeral on TV
D. where many people have the same wrong memory about something
5. How does the writer prove his point?
A. By making comparison. B. By listing figures.
C. By giving examples. D. By drawing conclusions.
6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the assumed reasons for the Mandela Effect?
A. Our brains may mix similar memories together sometimes.
B. People might make up stories with imagination sometimes.
C. Things from other universes might be mixing with our timeline.
D. All the explanations don’t sound reasonable or realistic.
7. The passage is most likely to be a/an ________.
A. science journal B. advertisement
C. book review D. magazine article
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对曼德拉效应科学解释。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory. When this happens, it’s believed that it is because of the Mandela Effect. (有时候，很多人都有同样的错误记忆。当这种情况发生时，人们认为这是因为曼德拉效应)”可知，曼德拉效应指的是许多人对某事有相同的错误记忆。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“There are many other examples of the Mandela Effect. Have you ever seen the Mona Lisa? Many people remember the woman in the painting with a frown or was straight-faced. (曼德拉效应的例子还有很多。你见过蒙娜丽莎吗？许多人都记得画中那个皱着眉头或面无表情的女人)”可知，作者是通过举例说明来证明他的观点。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sometimes, our brains mess up. They mix two similar memories together. (它们把两种相似的记忆混合在一起)”可知，我们的大脑有时会把相似的记忆混合在一起，选项A正确；根据第五段“Another theory about the basis for the Mandela effect originates from quantum physics (量子物理学) and relates to the idea that rather than one timeline of events, it is possible that alternate realities or universes are taking place and mixing with our timeline. In theory, this would result in groups of people having the same memories because the timeline has been changed as we shift between these different realities. You aren’t alone if you think this sounds a little unrealistic.(另一个关于曼德拉效应基础的理论来源于量子物理学，它涉及到这样一种观点，即事件的时间轴可能不是一个，而是另一个现实或经验体系正在发生，并与我们的时间轴混合在一起。理论上，这会导致一群人拥有相同的记忆，因为时间轴在我们在这些不同的现实之间转换时已经改变了。如果你认为这听起来有点不切实际，这并不是只有你自己这么认为)”可知，其他经验体系的东西可能会和我们的时间线混在一起，所有的解释听起来不合理并不切实际，C项和D项正确。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中“Most experts explain the Mandela Effect using brain science. (大多数专家用脑科学来解释曼德拉效应)”以及最后一段中“Without further science research, we can’t say for sure!(没有进一步的科学研究，我们不能确定)”可以推知，本文主要介绍了对曼德拉效应的科学解释，应该来源于科学杂志。故选A项。
C
Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There's so much to learn.” he’d say. “Though we’re born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment—the time to share the day’s new learning.
Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen.
“Felice,” he’d say, “tell me what you learned today”.
“I learned that the population of Nepal is. ..”
Silence.
Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well...” he’d say. “Get the map, and let’s see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.
This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.
As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.
Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.
8. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. The author’s father was born in a worker’s family.
B. Those born stupid could not change their life.
C. The town elders wanted to learn about the world.
D The poor could hardly afford school education.
9. It can be learned from the passage that the author____________.
A. enjoyed talking about news B. knew very well about Nepal
C. felt regretted about those wasted days D. appreciated his father’s educational technique
10. What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?
A. Continual learning. B. Showing talents.
C. Family get-together. D. Winning Papa’s approval.
11. The author’s father can be best described as____________.
A. an educator expert at training future teachers
B. a parent insistent on his children’s education
C. a participant willing to share his knowledge
D. a teacher strict about everything his students did
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲虽然出身穷苦人家很早就辍学了，但重视孩子们学习和教育，要求家人们每天在晚饭时分享今日所学的知识，这一习惯对作者影响深远。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then.”（爸爸是一个穷苦农民的儿子，早早离开学校去工厂工作，因为那时教育是为富人服务的。）可知，作者的父亲早早辍学就是因为家中贫穷，那时的教育只有富人才能享受得起，穷人几乎负担不起学校教育。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. ”（他们灌输着父亲已经知道的东西——不断教育的价值。他的技巧对我一辈子都很有用。）可知，作者父亲传递的坚持学习的思想，让作者在自己的教学生涯乃至一生中都受益匪浅，可见作者对父亲的教育理念是心存感激的，故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment—the time to share the day's new learning.”（进餐时间似乎是分享我们所学到的知识的最佳时机。我们会谈论当天的新闻；无论多么微不足道，都不能掉以轻心。爸爸会认真听，并随时准备提出一些意见，总是切中要点。然后是分享一天新知识的时刻。）以及根据 最后一段“They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning.”（他们灌输着父亲已经知道的东西——不断教育的价值。）可知，进餐时刻的价值就是作者接收到不断学习的教育。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.”（他下定决心不让他的孩子们被剥夺受教育的权利。）和第二段第一句“Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. ”（因此，爸爸坚持要我们每天至少学一件新东西。）可知，作者的父亲决心让自己的孩子接受教育，并且坚持终身学习的理念，作者的父亲可被描述为B选项“一个坚持让子女接受教育的父亲”符合文意。故选B。

D
Is renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn't sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone, Urban Outfitters, Macy's, Bloomingdale's American Eagle and Banana Republic all announced renting services — a sure sign of changing times.
But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.
Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented — receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.
Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene,a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that's still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren't great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.
Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it's so easily accessible. There's something called "share-washing" that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.
Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There's an even better step — and that's wearing what we already have.
12. The underline word in Paragraph 3 most probably means______.
A. traveling by ship B. selling or renting a ship
C. delivering or mailing D. the cost of sending
13. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.
B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.
C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.
D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.
14. How much are the following alternatives preferred by the author?
①Renting used clothes ②Buying cheap new clothes and dumping them soon
③Wearing the clothes we have instead of getting more to wear
A. ①>②>③ B. ②>③>①
C. ③>②>① D. ③>①>②
15. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A. Renting fashion-a sustainable choice! B. Clothes renting or clothes buying?
C. Renting services are catching on D. Clothes renting-truly greener?
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。服装租赁业是一种新型的流行产业，吸引了很多环保人士，但这种方式真的比买服装更环保吗？Cline的调查揭示了服装租赁存在的一些缺点，相比购买衣服，租衣服在运输、清洗方面消耗了更多的能源。最后作者提出，最好的方法就是穿已经挂在衣橱里的衣服。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“which has to go two ways if an item is rented — receiving and returning(如果一件物品是租赁的，必须有两种方式——接收和归还)”可知，租赁衣服需要接收和归还运输两次。由此推知，划线词表示“运输”，与delivering or mailing同义。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.”(记者兼作家Elizabeth Cline在为Elle撰写的一篇专题文章中研究了这个问题，她得出的结论是，它并不像看上去那么可持续)以及最后一段“Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied.(相比用便宜的价格买下新衣，穿了几次就扔进垃圾桶，租衣服还是更好的选择，但是我们不应该因为这些服务唾手可得而自满)”可知，租赁衣服会造成能源的浪费。由此推知，租赁衣服值得进一步的考虑。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There's an even better step - and that's wearing what we already have.(相比用便宜的价格买下新衣，穿了几次就扔进垃圾桶，租衣服还是更好的选择，但是我们不应该因为这些服务唾手可得而自满。更好的做法是——穿自己衣柜里的衣服)”可知，作者认为穿自己衣柜里的衣服是最好的选择，其次是租衣服，最后才是买便宜的衣服但是穿几次就扔掉。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍服装租赁业是一种新型的流行产业，吸引了很多环保人士，但Cline 质疑这种方式，并通过调查揭示了服装租赁存在的一些缺点，所以“租衣服真的更环保吗？”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项 选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cold Truths
Is there any truth behind the saying “You are what you eat”? We put this to the test by asking three people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles._____16_____Maybe you can recognize your own fridge here!
“You might find bean products in our fridge, but hamburgers? Never!”—Amy, Teacher
_____17_____ This means we don't eat meat and any milk or cheese had better be dairy-free. We like cooking at home and make our meals from fresh, seasonal fruit and vegetables. If we have children, I want to bring them up just like us, but my husband says that everyone should be able to make their own lifestyle choices.
“_____18_____”—Mike, Chef
With five children, we're one big family! My wife and I both work full-time, so life can get pretty busy! Like a lot of chefs I know, I don't really do much cooking at home. Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work. Once a week we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food. I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables..._____19_____
“There isn't really much in my fridge. I'm too busy and tired to cook at home!”—Ted, Doctor
There's not enough room to swing a cat in my small apartment, so I don't cook very often. My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway._____20_____. As a doctor, I know I had better change the way I eat, but I just don't have the time or the energy right now.
A. My husband and I avoid all animal products.
B. Can you guess which fridge belongs to which person?
C. But ready meals are so convenient for full-time workers.
D. The food in our fridge comes from my workplace and shops.
E. My fridge is a total mess for all I do is party and hit the books.
F. I still don't think that anything can beat my mum's T-bone steaks.
G. Some evenings I'll have something quick like toast or even just a yogurt.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要以老师Amy、厨师Mike和医生Ted的冰箱为例，来说明人们的冰箱反应了他们的生活方式和饮食习惯。
【16题详解】
根据上文We put this to the test by asking three people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles.可知我们做了一个测试，让三个人打开冰箱门，谈谈他们的生活方式。结合后文Maybe you can recognize your own fridge here!可知也许你能在这里认出你自己的冰箱！由此可知，本句承接上文说明，让这三个人打开冰箱门是为了猜出各自的冰箱归属问题，故B选项“你能猜出哪个冰箱属于哪个人吗？”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文This means we don't eat meat, and any milk or cheese had better be dairy-free.可知这意味着我们不吃肉，任何牛奶或奶酪最好是不含乳制品的。由此可知，老师Amy不吃任何动物制品。故A选项“我和我丈夫不吃任何动物制品”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文Like a lot of chefs I know, I don't really do much cooking at home. Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work. Once a week we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food.可知和我认识的很多厨师一样，我在家不怎么做饭。有时我从我工作的餐馆带食物回家。我们每周都会进行一次大购物，买很多冷冻食品。由此可知，厨师Mike冰箱里的食物主要来自自己工作的餐馆和商店。故D选项“冰箱里的食物来自我的工作场所和商店”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work. Once a week we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food. I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables...可知有时我从我工作的餐馆带食物回家。我们每周进行一次大购物，买很多冷冻食品。我知道我们应该多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜……由此可知，厨师Mike经常买冷冻食品，他们也知道应该多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜，本句说明他们不吃新鲜水果和蔬菜的原因是：对于他们这种忙碌的全职员工来说，即食食品很方便。故C选项“但是即食食品对全职员工来说太方便了”符合上下文语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文There's not enough room to swing a cat in my small apartment, so I don't cook very often. My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway.可知我的小公寓没有足够的空间，所以我不经常做饭。我的冰箱通常有一半是空的，而且我经常累得吃不饱。由此可知，医生Ted很忙，没有时间做饭，而且经常吃不饱，可推知他会吃一些方便做，但是吃不饱的速食。故G选项“有些晚上我会吃点速食，比如烤面包片，甚至一杯酸奶”符合上下文语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It's Friday, and we don't have any ___21___. Can I, please?" Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was asleep next to her, ___22___ his head on his arms. Mum could ___23___ that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.
“I'm so sorry, James,” she said.
“I'm never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum?” James asked sadly almost in ___24___.
"I know it's ___25___ for you,” Mum said softly. "But I'm just worried other people might think we're a little.. strange. And then they would make fun of you."
"No, they wouldn't, Mum,” James protested. "We're not strange at all. We're just ____26____ people."
Mum sighed heavily. "To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it's given me a heavy ___27___. And your poor father - he doesn't feel ___28___. He really needs a rest."
"I can help, Mum!" James said. "___29___ I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please?’’
“Well...” Mum began.
“Great! Thanks Mum!” James almost shouted. “Just sit there, don’t move.” He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and _____30_____ with what he needed- two spanners(扳手). “Hang on, Mum.” he said. “This won’t take a second.” After some ______31______, James was finished. With a smile of ______32______ on his face he said, “There! How does that feel?” “Oh, James,” Mum said, “That’s so much better! How did you do it?”
“Easy, ” James said______33______.” Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much! I just_____34_____ them slightly! I learned that in robotic science at school.”
"What about you father? Can you ____35____ him?" asked Mum
"I'll try,” James replied. He____36____ up Dad's hair at the back of his neck and plugged the electric wire into Dad's head. Then he turned the____37____ on. Dad opened his eyes and ____38____up immediately. "He just let his ____39____ run too low. that's all." James said. "Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?"
"I guess so," replied Mum. "Your friends will just have to ____40____ that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son!”
21. A. schedule B. housework C. difficulty D. schoolwork
22. A. resting B. putting C. throwing D. folding
23. A. explain B. agree C. tell D. doubt
24. A. terror B. tears C. surprise D. command
25. A. frightening B. selfish C. hard D. fair
26. A. educated B. informal C. ordinary D. reliable
27. A. injury B. headache C. loss D. bend
28. A. well B. ill C. funny D. sorry
29. A. As B. Whether C. Before D. If
30. A. Kept B. returned C. searched D. found
31. A. requests B. thoughts C. instructions D. repairs
32. A. satisfaction B. sympathy C. bitterness D. congratulation
33. A. fluently B. gratefully C. proudly D. embarrassedly
34. A. buried B. adjusted C. collected D. produced
35. A. help B. save C. accompany D. remove
36. A. gave B. lifted C. caught D. filled
37. A. energy B. design C. power D. light
38. A. grew B. set C. broke D. sat
39. A. temperate B. battery C. food D. blood
40. A. prove B. judge C. doubt D. accept
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。James恳求他妈妈让他的朋友Brett周六到他们家玩。妈妈说他们的家与别人的不同，爸妈是机器人并且身体都不好。为了能够获得妈妈的同意James运用在学校里学到的机器人知识对他的爸妈进行了“修理”，最终James得到了妈妈的同意。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天是星期五，我们没有作业。A. schedule行程表，计划表； B. housework家务活；C. difficulty困难；D. schoolwork课堂作业。根据“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It's Friday,”可知，星期五没作业，因此邀请同学到家玩。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸在她旁边睡着了，头枕在胳膊上。A. resting休息；B. putting放置；C. throwing扔；D. folding折叠。根据“He really needs a rest.”可知，父亲需要休息，头靠在手臂上睡着了。 故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈看得出来，James非常想请他的朋友过来。A. explain解释；B. agree同意；C. tell看出，明白； D. doubt怀疑。根据“Can I, please?”和“James wanted so badly to have his friend over.”可知，从James的请求及其语气，母亲显然看出他急切想让同学到家玩。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：James伤心地问，几乎要哭了。A. terror恐惧；B. tears眼泪；C. surprise惊奇；D. command命令。根据“James asked sadly”可知，当遭到母亲的不允许后，他伤心地问为什么，很可能几乎含着眼泪。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这对你来说很难，”妈妈温柔地说。A. frightening令人害怕的；B. selfish自私的；C. hard艰难； D. fair公平的。根据“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It's Friday, and we don't have any ___1___.”可知，James从来没邀请过同学来家玩，而现在遭到母亲的不许可，对于他来说，星期五没有同学来是很伤心，所以是很难的一天。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们一点也不奇怪。我们只是普通人。A. educated受到良好教育的；B. informal非正常的；C. ordinary普通的；D. reliable可靠的。根据“But I'm just worried other people might think we're a little.. strange. And then they would make fun of you.”可知，上文介绍过母亲不同意James的要求是因为担心他同学会认为家里异常而嘲笑他，这里James反驳说，他认为家里很寻常，一点不古怪。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，James，我的脖子一直很疼，以至于我头疼得厉害。A. injury伤害；B. headache头痛；C. loss失去，损失；D. bend拐弯，弯曲。根据“my neck has been so painful”可知，母亲的感受，脖子疼导致头痛得很厉害。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有你可怜的父亲，他不太舒服。A. well健康的；B. ill生病的；C. funny滑稽的；D. sorry难过的。根据“He really needs a rest.”可知，可怜的父亲需要休息，很可能身体感觉不舒服。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果我能让你和爸爸感觉好点，Brett能过来吗? A. As随着；B. Whether是否；C. Before在……之前；D. If 如果。根据“can Brett come over? Please?”可知，James问话的意思是，要是他能使父母亲舒服点，他的请求是否可以满足。该句逗号前后存在逻辑上的条件关系。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他冲到厨房的抽屉，拿了他需要的东西——两把扳手。A. kept保持；B. returned返回；C. searched搜查；D. found发现。根据“He rushed over to the kitchen drawer”可知，James跑向厨房，拉开抽屉，返回找到了他所需要的东西。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一些修复，James完成了。A. requests请求；B. thoughts想法；C. instructions指示，说明；D. repairs维修。根据“James was finished.”可知，James找到扳子后，做些修缮和调整，让母亲更舒服点。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他脸上带着满意的微笑说：“瞧!感觉怎么样?” A. satisfaction满意；B. sympathy同情心；C. bitterness难过，苦涩；D. congratulation祝贺。根据“After some _____11_____, James was finished.”可知，不花几秒钟，James就调整好母亲脖子上的绷带，因此露出了满意的微笑。故选A.
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“简单，”詹姆斯骄傲地说。A. fluently流利地；B. gratefully感激地；C. proudly自豪地；D. embarrassedly尴尬地。根据“Mum said, “That’s so much better! How did you do it?””和“Easy,”可知，母亲感觉好多了，并问他是如何做到的。James显然是自豪地回答，那简单！句中的形容词easy说明他很自豪。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是稍微调整了一下! A. buried埋葬；B. adjusted调整；C. collected收集，整理； D. produced生成。根据“Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much!”可知， James找到了母亲不舒服的原因是父亲把螺栓扭得太紧，他只不过调松些。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能帮他吗?A. help帮助；B. save节省，拯救；C. accompany陪伴；D. remove移开，除去。根据“And your poor father - he doesn't feel ___8___.”可知，爸爸的身体也不好，所以妈妈请求James也帮爸爸。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他撩起爸爸脖子后面的头发，把电线插进爸爸的脑袋里。A. gave给予； B. lifted提高，举起；C. caught抓住；D. filled充满。根据“and plugged the electric wire into Dad's head.”可知，把父亲脖子后的头发拢起，要插入了一根电线。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他打开了电源。A. energy精力，能量；B. design设计；C. power权力，电； D. light光线。根据“and plugged the electric wire into Dad's head.”可知，灯把电线插入父亲的脑袋里，然后接通的是电源。James想给爸爸充电了。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸睁开眼睛，立刻坐了起来。A. grew成长；长大；B. set设定；C. broke打破；D. sat坐。根据“Dad was asleep next to her, ___2___ his head on his arms.”可知，父亲原先是伏在胳膊上睡，一接通电源，他张开了眼睛，立即坐了起来，说明爸爸的问题得到了解决。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只是电池电量过低。A. temperate温度；B. battery电池；C. food食物；D. blood血。根据“Dad opened his eyes and ___18___up immediately.”可知，接通电源，父亲就没睡意，更舒服了。说明爸爸身体不好可能是因为体内的电池电量不足。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的朋友们将不得不接受我们是一个非常不同寻常的家庭。A. prove证明；B. judge判断；C. doubt怀疑；D. accept接受 。根据“we are a very unusual family.”可知，James运用自己的聪明才智使得父母亲都感觉舒服，他的朋友但会接受这确实是不寻常的一家。故选D。
第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
41. We hope the parties will be able to settle their differences by ________（和平的）means.(根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】peaceful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们希望各方能够以和平方式解决分歧。根据汉语提示，空处应填形容词peaceful，表示“和平的”，作定语，修饰名词means。故填peaceful。
42. She stood up suddenly, u________ (打翻) a glass of wine. (根据中英文提示填写单词)
【答案】upsetting##psetting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她突然站起来，打翻了一杯酒。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“打翻”可知，空格处涉及单词“upset”，意为“打翻”，动词词性，句中有谓语动词“stood up”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“She”和“upset”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空格处应用“upset”的现在分词“upsetting”作结果状语。故填upsetting。
43. We s________(衷心) hope that you will soon be restored to health. (根据中英文提示填写单词)
【答案】sincerely##incerely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们衷心地希望你早日康复。分析句子，空处修饰动词hope，应用副词形式作状语，根据首字母以及汉语提示，空处应用sincerely，表示“衷心地”。故填sincerely。
44. The guests were warmly welcomed with a grand ________（接待）dinner. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】reception
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：客人们受到了隆重的招待晚宴的热烈欢迎。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应填reception，表示“接待”，作定语修饰名词dinner，构成reception dinner，表示“接待晚宴”。故填reception。
45. ________（将......基于......）an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】Basing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将一个重要的决定更多地基于情感而非理性，你迟早会后悔的。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词base，表示“基于”，分析句子，will regret是谓语，空处作非谓语动词，base与逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填Basing。
46. He received the award in ________(认可) of his success over the past year. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他被授予该奖项，以表彰他过去一年的成功。根据汉语提示“认可”可知，应填名词recognition，作宾语，短语in recognition of表示“承认……”。故填recognition。
47. It's been hard work but the volunteer experience has been incredibly r________ (有回报的). (根据中英文提示填写单词)
【答案】rewarding##ewarding
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一项艰苦的工作，但志愿者的经历却获得了难以置信的回报。根据句意以及首字母和汉语提示，空处应填形容词rewarding，表示“有回报的”，作but之后句子的表语。故填rewarding。
48. ________ (德国人) wishing to emigrate (移居国外) in the 1800’s were required by law to obtain permission: their names would then be recorded in regional emigration lists. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】Germans
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：19世纪，德国法律规定，想要移民的德国人必须获得许可：他们的名字将被记录在地区移民名单上。根据汉语提示“德国人”可知应填名词German，作主语，根据后文were可知用名词复数形式。故填Germans。
49. I was lucky to escape with minor ________(受伤) to my legs and arms in the car accident. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】injuries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我在车祸中腿部和手臂受了轻伤，幸免于难。分析句子，空处作介词with的宾语，应用名词形式，根据汉语提示，空处应用injury，表示“伤口”，此时为可数名词，结合语意，表示腿部和手臂不止一处伤口，应用名词的复数形式。故填injuries。
50. He said he________(宁可) to keep his old truck rather than acquire something slightly newer. (根据所给汉语提示填写单词)
【答案】preferred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他说，他宁愿留着自己的旧卡车，也不愿买些稍新一点的东西。根据汉语提示“宁可”可知，应填动词prefer，结合上文He said可知，用一般过去时。故填preferred。
第三节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
短文语法填空
Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet，a BBC one-hour documentary, ___51___ (launch)on April 6 last year. It was the first time to put Du ‘s life in a global context. For the Chinese，Du ，___52___ style of poetry is galled realism, is more than a poet; he has been the guardian of the moral of the nation.____53____（bear）in 712，Du lived through the violent fall of the Tang Dynasty when wars, floods and famines almost ruined the country. In his poems, he poured out his concern for his country and people as well as the importance of celebrating the few simple ___54___（joy)of life. To explore his life and discover what the poet means to China and the Chinese people, the film crew had an ___55___ （extreme)tough time tracking the footsteps of the eighth-century poet.
This documentary is ___56___ must—see. To help Western audiences make sense of the poet's great achievement in literature, Du is compared ___57___ China's Shakespeare in this documentary. Also the program invited McKellen, who played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies，___58___ （read) 15 of Du's poems that had been translated into English. These can help foreigners ___59___ （well） understand what makes Dy's works so special. In a way，the documentary is displaying the charm of traditional Chinese literature to the world ，___60___ （inspire）more people around the globe to learn Chinese Tang poems.
【答案】51. was launched
52. whose 53. Born
54. joys 55. extremely
56. a 57. to
58. to read
59. better 60. inspiring
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》这部纪录片。
【51题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》是BBC一小时的纪录片，于去年4月6日上映。根据时间状语last year可知，句子应用一般过去时，launch与主语Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was launched。
【52题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：对于中国人而言，杜甫的诗歌风格是夸张的现实主义，他不仅仅是一个诗人；他一直是国家道德的捍卫者。分析句子，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Du，关系词在定语从句中作定语，应用whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
【53题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：生于712年，杜甫经历了唐朝的动乱，当时战争、洪水和饥荒几乎毁灭了这个国家。分析句子，lived是谓语动词，空处应填非谓语形式，be born in为固定搭配，表示“出生于”，作状语时去掉be动词即可。故填Born。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他的诗中他倾诉了他对国家和人民的关心，以及庆祝生活中为数不多的简单快乐的重要性。few常用于修饰可数名词复数形式，故空格处应填名词复数形式，joy表示“好事、乐事”时是可数名词，复数形式为joys。故填joys。
【55题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了探索杜甫的生活，发现这位诗人对中国和中国人民的意义，电影摄制组在追踪这位八世纪诗人的足迹时经历了极其困难的一段时光。空处修饰形容词tough，应用副词形式作状语，extremely是副词，表示“极其”。故填extremely。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这部纪录片必须看。句中must-see是名词，表示“必看品”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，must-see是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：为了帮助西方观众理解这位诗人在文学上的巨大成就，在这部纪录片中，杜甫被比作中国的莎士比亚。结合语意，空处应填介词to，构成固定搭配be compared to，表示“被比作”。故填to。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，该节目还邀请了在《指环王》中扮演甘道夫的麦凯伦朗读杜甫的15首诗，这些诗已被翻译成英语。invite sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“邀请某人做某事”，所以空处应用不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to read。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些可以帮助外国人更好地理解是什么让杜甫的作品如此特别。根据语境，此处表示通过纪录片，外国朋友能更好地理解杜甫的作品，空处应用副词地比较级形式。故填better。
60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在某种程度上，这部纪录片向世界展示了中国传统文学的魅力，激发了更多人学习中国唐诗的欲望。分析句子，is displaying是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式，inspire与逻辑主语the documentary 之间是主动关系，空处应填现在分词形式作状语。故填inspiring。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（满分 10分）
61. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【答案】
【解析】
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。
1. 考查数词。在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen意思为“十八，十八个”，表示数量，eighteenth表示“第十八个的”，故将eighteen改为eighteenth。
2. 考查冠词。我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天，所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my，my first day表示“我（学驾照）的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。
3. 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but。
4. 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。
5. 考查单复数。教练一直喊“加速”，“减速”，“左转”。 word的意思主要是“单词,消息”，words 可以表示为word的复数，表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话，故将word改为words。
6. 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练话“加速”，“减速”，“左转”都是祈使句，根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。
7. 考查固定句型。我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that表示“如此...以至于....”，much为多余成分。故将much去掉。
8. 考查副词。做形容词的时候，later是late的比较级，如：Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.（他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.）做副词的时候，late是迟的意思，later是稍后、随后的意思。句意：几分钟之后。故将late改为later。
9. 考查形容词。我紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。 sudden为形容词，表示“突然的；迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。
10. 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”，on the road表示“在路上”， the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62. 假设你是校报英文版面“Heart-to-heart”栏目编辑李华。近日你收到一封署名＂Lost”的高三同学来信，倾诉了自己焦虑、孤独、失眠等困扰，并寻求帮助。请你为其写一封回信刊登在该栏目，内容包括：
1.表达理解与共情；
2.提出切实建议与鼓励。
要求必须使用句型：1.强调句；2.定语从句；3.only倒装句。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.勿出现真实姓名、学校等信息；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lost,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I’m sorry to know that you’re having a bad time now. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry too much. The most important thing is to learn to manage your emotions. Only in this way can you feel better. Here are three useful tips.
First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting out your bad feelings. Second, it is going outdoors and playing games with your friends that will be of great use. Third, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给一位高三同学回信，表达理解同学的困扰，向其提出切实的建议并鼓励对方。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担心：worry→feel anxious
控制：manage→control
建议：tip→suggestion
方式：way→method
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The most important thing is to learn to manage your emotions.
拓展句：The most important thing is that you should learn to manage your emotions.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry so much.（运用了that引导表语从句，when引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]Only in this way can you feel better.（运用了“only+状语”置于句首，使用部分倒装结构）
[高分句型3]Second, it is going outdoors and playing games with your friends that will be of great use.（运用了强调句句型）