2022届广东省四校高三下学期第二次联考英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022届广东省四校高三下学期第二次联考英语试卷含答案，共19页。试卷主要包含了2)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

(2022.2)
本试卷共9页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。核准条形码上的姓名、
准考证号与本人相符及考试科目也相符后，将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息
点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.作答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目
指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使
用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不得折叠答题卡。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Travelling with an assistance dog
You are able to carry an assistance dog free of charge in the cabin of all our flights. Here’s more
information about how to plan and book your flight with your assistance dog.
Identification of your assistance dog
For your assistance dog to travel safely in the aircraft with you in the cabin on British Airways, your
assistance dog must:
●be trained to assist you with a disability or medical condition
●have documentary evidence confirming that it has been trained as an assistance dog
●wear an identifying jacket/harness
●remain under your control at all times
If your dog does not meet these criteria, it will need to travel as a domestic pet.
Booking your assistance dog
It’s currently not possible to book this service online as we need additional information to enable us to
confirm your assistance dog for travel. You will need to book your assistance dog at the same time that you
book your ticket and when possible at least fourteen days prior to your travel date.
If you've already booked your flight and you wish to travel with your assistance dog, you will need to
contact us to add your assistance dog, at least fourteen days too.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 1页（共 9页）

2022届广东省四校高三下学期第二次联考英语试卷



Contact information
You can reach us daily for booking from 06:00 to 20:00 (GMT) at 0344 493 0787, option 3 (calls are
charged at local rate).
If you have a hearing or speech defect（缺陷）, you can contact us at 0845 700 7706, or you can send
us a message by selecting the “Email us” tab and filling out the provided form.
If your flight has been cancelled and you’re calling about a refund, or you need to speak to us directly,
please call us at 0800 727 800 from within the UK, or +44(0) 203 250 0145 from abroad.
1. Who can travel together with an assistance dog in the flight cabin?
A. A blind man
B. An air hostess
C. An animal specialist
D. A pet shop owner
2. When should you book your assistance dog at the latest?
A. Fourteen days before booking your ticket.
C. On the travel date
B. Two weeks before setting out
D. At any available time.
3. Which number should you dial if you want to return your ticket in New Zealand?
A. 0344 493 0787.
C. 0800 727 800.
B. 0845 700 7706.
D. +44(0) 203 250 0145.
B
It’s a warm June afternoon, and in a group of bushes and trees, a bird sings. A small insect climbs over
a leaf. The Muziekplein forest, next to an 18-storey building and a railway line, is about the size of a
basketball court: before it was planted in 2018, the area was a parking place. The forest is one of seven such
extremely small forests in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and 144 across the Netherlands. By the end of this year,
according to IVN Nature Education, the organization proposing the country’s initiative, there will be 200.
Since the first forest was planted in the Netherlands in 2015, the concept has become popular. Daan
Bleichrodt, who launched IVN's Tiny Forest initiative with the goal of making it easier for children to get
into and connect with nature, said that he thinks it is popular because people are becoming more aware of
major environmental challenges. It's a very practical way to do something positive in the light of climate
change and loss of biodiversity.
Jeroen Schenkels, a senior adviser for the city of Utrecht on green planning, said he sees the
mini-forests as nature-based approaches that are able to help the city weather heat waves and improve
water retention (保持). But one of the biggest interests is social. “One of the most important things is that
they give people the opportunity to be involved in nature in the neighborhood,” Schenkels said.
Between 2018 and 2020, 40 different plant and animal groups and 121 total animal species were found
in the Muziekplein forest alone. According to Wageningen University researchers, across the 11 tiny forests
in their study, volunteers observed 636 animal species. They also identified 298 plant species in addition to
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 2页（共 9页）




the original species planted in the plots. Maintenance of the forests occasionally involves removing
aggressive weeds, but in general new plant species, such as wild flowers that appear, are allowed to grow.
4. What is special about the Muziekplein forest?
A. It is newly planted.
B. It sits in an urban area.
C. It grows along a railway.
D. It is shaped like a basketball court.
5. What’s the purpose of the Tiny Forest initiative?
A. To make people realize environmental challenges.
B. To increase the Netherlands' biodiversity.
C. To make nature more accessible to children.
D. To call for action on climate change.
6. What does paragraph 3 focus on?
A. Benefits of mini-forests in cities.
B. Ways to keep neighborhoods green.
D. Importance of being exposed to nature.
C. Inspiration for planting forests in cities.
7. How does the author state the forests' effect on biodiversity?
A. By doing experiments.
C. By listing figures.
B. By giving examples.
D. By making comparisons.
C
It looked just like another aircraft from the outside. The pilot told his young passengers that it was
built in 1964, a Boeing KC-135 refueling tanker, based on the 707. But appearances were deceptive, and
the 13 students from Europe and USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives.
For 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight
at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments
to be conducted in weightless conditions.
For the next two hours the Boeings flight resembled that of an enormous bird which had lost its reason,
shooting upwards towards the heavens before moving down towards Earth. The intention was to achieve
weightlessness for a few seconds.
The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we
were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the plane
into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engines cut out and we became
weightless. Everything became confused, and left or right, up or down no longer had any meaning. After
ten seconds of free-fall descent (下降) the pilot pulled aircraft out of its nosedive. The return of gravity was
less immediate than its loss, but it was still sudden enough to ensure that some students came down with a
bump.
Each time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless, a new team conducted its experiment.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 3页（共 9页）




First it was the Dutch, who wanted to discover why cats always land on their feet. Then it was the German
team, who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if it could be used for
building a future space station. The Americans had an idea to create solar sails that could be used by
satellites.
After two hours of going up and down in the plane doing experiments, the dominant feeling was one
of excitement rather than sickness. Most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience and one
that would be keen to repeat.
8. What did the pilot do with the plane?
A. He climbed and then made the plane fall slowly.
B. He climbed and then made the plane turn over.
C. He quickly climbed and then stopped the engines.
D. He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 seconds.
9. What was the point of being weightless?
A. To show the judges of the competition what they could do.
B. To prepare the young scientists for future work in space.
C. To see what conditions are like in space.
D. To allow the teams to try out their ideas.
10. The underlined word “it” (in the last paragraph) refers to ________.
A. the excitement
B. the trip
C. the opportunity
D. the plane
11. The passage is intended to ________.
A. report on a new scientific technique
B. encourage young people to take science
C. show scientists what young people can do
D. describe the outcome of a scientific competition
D
It came as no surprise that being interrupted by other people can have negative effects, like lowered
productivity. But a new study shows an upside to these interruptions at work: increased feelings of
belonging.
Researchers led by Harshad Puranik at the University of Illinois at Chicago looked at this common
workplace phenomenon from two aspects. First, interruptions get in the way of completing assignments and
require employees to repeatedly switch attention between tasks. That’s where the negative effects of
interruptions happen. However, beyond the task-based aspect, the group found that being interrupted by
others has a social component to it -- social interaction with the interrupter that can have a positive effect
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 4页（共 9页）

on the interrupted employees. “If the past year of social distancing and separation has shown us anything, it
is that humans are social beings who have an inherent (内在的）need for interacting with others,” said
Puranik.
Building on previous research on work interruptions, the researchers surveyed 111 full-time
employees twice a day -- once at lunch and once at the end of their workday -- for three weeks. While there
were downsides to interruptions at work, like raising levels of stress and lowering people’s energy, there
was an upside, the researchers found. Employees felt more like they belonged, which eventually allowed
them to get more pleasure from their work routines.
The study found something else on top of this. The social aspect of work interruptions also weakened
the negative impact that the switching of tasks during interruptions had on employees’ job satisfaction. This
means that, instead of the negative experience, being interrupted at work can be “a net positive for the
well-being of employees,” according to Puranik. Therefore, the researchers urge managers to better manage
rather than completely prohibit work interruptions.
12. Why does the author mention Puranik's words in Paragraph 2?
A. To introduce a new argument.
B. To make his points more persuasive.
D. To provide some advice for the readers.
C. To summarize the whole paragraph.
13. What did researchers find about work interruptions in social aspect?
A. They caused more anxiety.
C. They lowered labor productivity.
14. Who is the text intended for?
A. Employers.
B. They improved work-life balance.
D. They led to higher job satisfaction.
B. Employees.
C. Job seekers.
D. Interviewers.
15. What’s the best title of the text?
A. Scientific Management Counts
B. Ways of Staying Focused at Work
C. Interruptions at Work Bring Positive Sides
D. Reasons for Avoiding Interruptions at Work
第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Can We See in a Logo?
We see hundreds of logos on signs, vehicles, websites, and even on the clothes we wear. All of these
logos are designed to attract our attention. They also help us remember a product or service connected to
that image.
16
Researchers gave 85 students a simple assignment to draw the Apple logo purely
from memory. Surprisingly, only one student in the study could accurately draw the logo from memory.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 5页（共 9页）

_
17
Researchers have developed a theory that they think might help to explain this blind spot in our
memories.
Logos are typically designed to be simple and easy to recognize with a quick glance.
18
This
process is known as “attentional saturation (注意力饱和 ).” Our brains actually signal us to ignore
information we don’t think we will need to remember.
Even though the brain is accustomed to ignoring unnecessary details, it is also programmed for
recognition.
19
This constant exposure leads to something scientists refer to as gist (梗概) memory.
It means that our brain remembers the basic idea without all of the details. This general sense of memory
has its own benefits. In fact, familiarity with a popular logo can even make people feel more comfortable
about purchasing or using certain products.
Logos are everywhere we look today. A fancy design or a thoughtful color combination may be a good
start for a logo concept, but there are other factors to consider.
20
A clever design may be
interesting, but most people will forget the details—especially if our brains have anything to say about it.
A. This may be inspiring to logo designers.
B. People will know the product behind the logo.
C. So why is it so difficult for people to recall the details of images?
D. Yet the frequent exposure to these logos can actually make our brains overlook them.
E. When we see images such as logos over and over again, we become familiar with them.
F. Logo designers need to know that people will only remember what they believe is worthwhile.
G. However, recently research supports the idea that remembering what a logo looks like is a very difficult
task.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike? What about your first heartbreak?
_
21
moments and the emotions they arouse can resonate in our minds for decades, powerfully
shaping who we are as individuals. But for those who experience severe trauma(创伤), such painful
memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions. So, what if traumatic memories did not
have to cause so much
Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram -- a physical change in brain tissue
a particular recollection. While at MIT in 2013, Steve Ramirez of Boston University and his
research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They were able to target the cells that one engram
in fear to a particular
22
? For now, the work is happening in mice.
_
23
24
in a mouse's brain and then implant a false memory. In their work, mice
stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance.
25
In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether
26
memories can
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 6页（共 9页）

be “overwritten” by positive ones. In their experiments, positive memories are created by putting male mice
in cages with female ones for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in cages that
deliver brief foot shocks. After a surgical operation on the mice, the researchers find that
memories while mouse is in a cage makes it less fearful. They think that this memory “retraining" may be
helping to some of the mouse's trauma. , it is unclear whether those original fear
memories are completely lost or just suppressed (抑制).
Ramirez’s team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary (初步的）, they see treatment
potential for humans down the road. Those suffering from PTSD or depression could have their memories
, for instance, so that they don’t have a strong response to painful recollections.
If it’s one day possible to alter human memory, who should be allowed to receive that treatment? And
would the system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime?
27
positive
28
29
30
_
31
32
33
These are questions New York University bioethicist (生物伦理学家) Arthur Caplan says are worth
thinking about before the technology is ready for human clinical settings.
As neuroscientists progress with their research, they say these
34
issues are being taken into
account. Ramirez sees the idea of
on how you use it.
35
memories as neither good nor bad. Like water, it just depends
21. A. Forgettable
22. A. dignity
23. A. associated with
24. A. put off
B. Memorable
B. struggle
B. exchanged for
B. pick up
C. Sustainable
C. pain
D. Believable
D. movement
D. rid of
C. sentenced to
C. turn on
D. make up
D. resolved
D. reliable
25. A. reacted
26. A. short-term
27. A. deleting
28. A. recreate
29. A. However
30. A. Since
B. hurried
C. stunned
C. enjoyable
C. activating
C. liberate
B. negative
B. decreasing
B. erase
D. pausing
D. memorize
D. Therefore
D. While
B. Besides
C. Indeed
B. Unless
C. Until
31. A. removed
32. A. emotional
33. A. immune
34. A. mental
B. strengthened
B. physical
B. justice
C. altered
D. stimulated
D. mechanical
D. commerce
D. ethical
C. controversial
C. medical
C. criminal
C. controlling
B. equality
B. multiplying
35. A. killing
D. justifying
第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, climate change in the Arctic has drawn many scientists’ attention. Both research and
(explore) in the Arctic are fundamental to understanding and dealing with climate change issues.
With the melting of Arctic ice, the polar region could provide an opportunity to
understand the effects of global warming. The Arctic is great importance, among other things, for
the environment, trade, investment, energy and security. It is estimated (have) a quarter of the
_
36
37
(well)
38
39
world’s oil and natural gas. China has a clear Arctic policy, explained in a White Paper,
40__
corresponds well with the concept of a "Polar Silk Road".
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Thanks to global warming, Arctic ice is melting,
41
(open) up the possibility of a "Northern
shipping route" via the Northwest, Central and Northeast
China and Europe via the Arctic would be shorter than
42
(passage). Shipping time between
43
existing one through the Indian Ocean
and Suez Canal. Although this does not mean the “Northern route” would replace these established ones, it
would represent a new chance,
white paper, great importance
44
45
(particular) in the trade of energy and minerals. As issued in the
(attach) to voyage security in the Arctic shipping routes and
studies on the routes by China these years.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分 15分）
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Michael正在一家孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化，知道中国人很
重视家风传承。他在给你的电子邮件中想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。
请你给他回复一封电子邮件。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
注意：
1．词数 80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：孔子学院 Confucius Institute；家风 family spirit
Dear Michael,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have been in the teaching profession more than thirty years, and one of the best teachers I have ever
known was Mr. Rowe. I was lucky enough to co-teach fourth grade with him. Mr. Rowe had infinite
patience and understanding and I learned so much from him. He could perform miracles, like the one he
performed with Steven, one of the unhappiest kids I had ever seen. Steven couldn’t stand school. He didn’t
like the kids who raised their hands and knew all the answers, and most importantly, he didn’t like himself.
The first day he walked into Mr. Rowe’s classroom, he ignored the other students, looking angry and
annoyed, and slid into his chair, knocking a couple of textbooks onto the floor. Mr. Rowe walked over to
him and touched Steven’s shoulder, but Steven pulled away. Nevertheless, Mr. Rowe welcomed him, “Hi,
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 8页（共 9页）

Steven. I’m happy you are in my class. We are gonna have a great year.” Steven looked around the room as
if Mr. Rowe must be mistaken. No teacher in his right mind would want Steven to be part of his classroom.
So, while Mr. Rowe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day of school, it seemed that Steven was angry and
confused.
That day after class, Mr. Rowe chose Steven to pitch (投球) the kickball at break. “Hey, Steven.” Mr.
Rowe commented, “You are good at pitching things. Let me show you my secret trick.” Mr. Rowe taught
Steven one of the tricks that not a single kid could perform. Steven learned fast and did quite well!
Everyone cheered for him.
After the kickball, Steven sat as closer to Mr. Rowe in class as he could. When a question was asked,
Steven lit up; he knew the answer! He raised his hands. When he answered the question, his voice shook.
However, he got the right answer! He said, with Mr. Rowe, his days of fourth grade promised wonderful.
That is not to say that every day went smoothly, but it was evident that Steven grew to love Mr. Rowe more
and more with each passing day.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school.
Many years later, Mr. Rowe and I were surprised.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语试卷第 9页（共 9页）

2022 届广东省四校高三第二次联考
英语答案及解析 (2022.2)
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）
【阅读理解答案】1-5：A B D B C
6-10：A C C D B
11-15: D B D A C
A
【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了英国航空公司(British Airways)关于客舱内携带辅助犬的相
关规定。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中 Identification of your assistance dog部分 “be trained to assist you
with a disability or medical condition”可知只有身患残疾的旅客才能携带辅助犬进入客舱。故选 A项。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Booking your assistance dog部分 “when possible at least fourteen days
prior to your travel date”可知乘客至少（最晚）需要提前两周向航空公司提出携带辅助犬预定申请。
故选 B项。
3.D【解析】细节判断题。学生需要将题干中 return the ticket; in New Zealand和 Contact information
部分 calling about a refund; from abroad进行匹配，进而找到正确答案。故选 D项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是说明文，因为人们越来越意识到严重的环境挑战，从而发起了小森林计划帮助
城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，更重要的是，它们让人们有机会参与到附近的自然环境中来
4.B【解析】推断题。根据第一段中的"The Muziekplein forest, next to an 18-story building… a parking
place"可知，Muziekplein森林附近有一座 18层的高楼和一条铁路线，它所在的区域曾经是一个停车
场。由此可推知，该森林位于城镇区域，故选 B。
5.C【解析】理解具体信息题。根据第二段中的"with the goal of making it easier for children to get into
and connect with nature"可知，Daan Bleichrodt发起的微型森林计划的目的是让孩子们更容易接近大
自然，故选 C。
6.A【解析】理解主旨要义题。根据第三段中的"he sees the mini-forests ... be involved in nature in the
neighbourhood"可知，城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更
多机会接触周围的自然环境，故本段主要关注的是城市里的微型森林的益处，故选 A。
7.C【解析】推断题。根据最后一段中的"40 different plant and animal groups and 121 total animal
species ... forest alone" "across the l1…636 animal species""identified 298 plant species in addition to the
original species"可知，作者用了列数字的方法来说明城市里的微型森林对生物多样性的影响，故选 C。
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 1页（共 10页）




C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述富有想象力的实验是在失重的条件下进行的，旨在
讲述一个科学竞赛的结果，让学生们产生新的想法。
8．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that I and
the young scientists had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly
dismissed when the pilot put the plane into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the
engines cut out and we became weightless.（飞机起飞得很平稳，但当飞行员让飞机进入持续约 20秒的
45度爬升时，我和这些年轻科学家们的任何感觉都很快消失了。然后引擎熄火，我们失重了。）”
可知，飞行员快速上升然后停止发动机，故选 C。
9．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“For 12 months, science students from across the continents had
competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had
been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions.（12个月来，来自各
大洲的理科学生应欧洲航天局(European Space Agency)的邀请，为赢得这次飞行的机会而竞争。挑战
是建议在失重条件下进行富有想象力的实验。）”富有想象力的实验是在失重的条件下进行的，故
失重的目的是为了让学生们产生新的想法，故选 D。
10．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第一句“After two hours of going up and down in the plane
doing experiments, the dominant feeling was one of excitement rather than sickness.（在飞机上做了两个
小时的实验后，主要的感觉是兴奋而不是恶心。）”由此可推断下文意思为大多数学生都认为这是
一次难忘的经历，是一个渴望重复的经历。所以 it指代这两个小时的飞机旅程，故选 B。
11．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“For 12 months, science students from across the continents had
competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency.（12个月来，来自各
大洲的理科学生应欧洲航天局(European Space Agency)的邀请，为赢得这次飞行的机会而竞争。）和
最后一段“Most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience and one that would be keen to
repeat.（大多数学生都认为这是一次难忘的经历，是一个渴望重复的经历。）”所以本文的目的就
是要描述一个科学竞赛的结果，故选 D。
D
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。在工作中被他人打扰会产生负面影响，但一项新的研究表明工作中受
到打扰也有好的一面：增加职员的归属感，最终会带来更高的工作满意度。
12.B【解析】推理判断题。引语中说过去一年保持社交距离、采取隔离措施，表明人类是社会性的，
与他人交流是内在需求。可见，作者引用引语内容是为了印证工作干扰在社交层面的积极作用，即
支撑自己的观点。故选 B项。
13.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第二、三句可知，从社交层面上来看，工
作中受到干扰会增加职员的归属感，最终会带来更高的工作满意度。
14. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Therefore, the researchers urge managers to better manage
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 2页（共 10页）




rather than completely prohibit work interruptions. ”可知，这篇文章是写给雇主的，故选 A项。
15.C【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了对工作中被他人打扰这一社会现象的研究情况，包括研究的
方式、过程及结果等，研究的重要发现是工作中受到干扰也有好的一面。故 C项为最佳标题。
第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分）
【七选五答案】16-20： G
C
D
E
F
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了人们其实很难准确记住商品商标这一现象，并分析了原因。
16．G【解析】上文中“All of these logos are designed to attract our attention. They also help us remember
a product or service connected to that image.(所有这些商标都是为了吸引我们的注意而设计的。它们还
能帮助我们记住与该形象相关的产品或服务)”讲商标设计是为了让我们记住它们和与它们相关的产
品，下文中“Surprisingly, only one student in the study could accurately draw the logo from memory.(令人
惊讶的是，在这项研究中只有一个学生能够根据记忆准确地画出这个商标)”却表明人们其实很难记
住商标，上下文有转折关系，G项“However, recently research supports the idea that remembering what a
logo looks like is a very difficult task.(然而，最近的研究支持了这样一种观点：记住商标的样子是一项
非常困难的任务)”承上启下，引出第二段中的研究，句中所说的“research”在下文得到具体介绍。故
选 G项。
17．C【解析】下文“Researchers have developed a theory that they think might help to explain this blind
spot in our memories.(研究人员发展出一种理论，他们认为可能有助于解释我们记忆中的这个盲点)”
中出现指代 this blind spot，根据指代关系可知，上文中应明确其指代对象，C项“So why is it so
difficult for people to recall the details of images?(那么，为什么人们回忆起图像的细节如此困难呢?)”
中所述“很难回忆起图像的细节”即下文的 this blind spot，且下文中的 theory也是研究人员对 C项疑
问的解答。故选 C项。
18．D【解析】下文“This process is known as ‘attentional saturation (注意力饱和).’ (这个过程被称为‘注
意力饱和’)”中提出“注意力饱和”这一概念，再根据句中指代 This process可推知，设空句中描述的就
是“注意力饱和”这一现象，D项“Yet the frequent exposure to these logos can actually make our brains
overlook them.(然而，频繁接触这些商标实际上会让我们的大脑忽略它们)”中所说“频繁接触这些商标
会让大脑忽略它们”即“注意力饱和”，上下文构成逻辑上的指代关系和语意上的解释说明关系。故选
D项。
19．E【解析】下文“This constant exposure leads to something scientists refer to as gist (梗概) memory. (这
持续的接触引起科学家所说的‘梗概记忆’)”中出现指代 This constant exposure，根据指代关系可知，
上文中应明确其指代对象，E项“When we see images such as logos over and over again, we become
familiar with them.(当我们一遍又一遍地看到商标之类的图像时，我们就会对它们变得熟悉起来)”中
所述“see images such as logos over and over again”即下文的 This constant exposure，上下文构成指代关
系。故选 E项。
20．F【解析】上文“A fancy design or a thoughtful color combination may be a good start for a logo
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 3页（共 10页）




concept, but there are other factors to consider.(一个巧妙的设计或一个深思熟虑的颜色组合可能是一个
良好的商标概念的开始，但还有其他因素需要考虑)”讲商标设计还需要考虑设计本身之外的其它因
素，F项“Logo designers need to know that people will only remember what they believe is worthwhile.(商
标设计师需要知道，人们只会记住他们认为有价值的东西)”明确指出，设计师需要考虑到人们只会
记住他们认为有价值的东西这一现实，F项是对上文语意的补充，与其构成顺承关系。故选 F项。
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分）
【完形填空答案】21~25. BCADA
26~30. BCBAD
31~35. CABDC
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了神经科学家们在老鼠身上做实验，看是否可以改变大
脑中有关痛苦的那些记忆，且该实验已经取得初步效果。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些记忆深刻的时刻和他们激起的情感可以几十年在我
们的头脑中产生共鸣，塑造着我们是谁。 A.Forgettable忘记了的； B. Memorable记忆深刻的；
C.Sustainable可持续的； D. Believable可以相信的。根据上句“Do you remember how you felt the first
time you rode bike?”（作者问第一次骑车的时候）可知，作者在讲过去的记忆。故选 B。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这些创伤不会造成如此多的伤害，那会怎么样呢？
A.dignity尊严；B.struggle奋斗； C.pain痛苦； D.movement运动。根据上句“such painful memories
can leave people with life-changing mental conditions.（这些痛苦的记忆会给人们带来改变生活的精神
状况。）“创伤”应该是痛苦的经历，所以会造成“痛苦”。故选 C。
【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：神经系统科学家通常定义一个记忆为“一个印迹符号”--在
大脑组织中的和一个特定的记忆有关的物理改变。A.associated with和...有关；B.exchanged for交换；
C.sentenced to判刑；D.rid of摆脱。“ define a singular memory as ”本句解释的是“memory”的定义，
recllection是它的近义词，因此应该是“和它相关的”。故选 A。
【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们能够瞄准那个构成记忆符号的细胞，然后植入一个虚
假的记忆。A.put off推迟；B.pick up捡起；C. turn on打开； D.make up构成。根据“a physical change
in brain tissue ____，a particular recollection. ”（科学家对“engram”的定义）可知，那个细胞储存着记
忆，构成了记忆符号。故选 D。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的工作中，老鼠会对某个特定的刺激作出惊恐的反
应，即使当它们提前没有遭遇到这种情况。 A. reacted反应；B.hurried匆忙； C.stunned震惊；
D.resolved决心。根据“They were able to target the cells that _____ one engram in a mouse's brain and
then implant a false memory. ”（科学家们在做研究，“往它们体内植入虚假的记忆”），所以应该是老
鼠对此作出反应。故选 A。
【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们当前的工作中，他和同事正在调查是否这些消极
的记忆可以被积极的记忆改写。 A.short-term短期的； B.negative消极的； C.enjoyable快乐的；
D.reliable可靠的。根据后文的“ be “overwritten” by positive ones”可知，本空应该是它的反义词。故
选 B。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对老鼠进行外科手术之后科学家们发现，当老鼠在笼子
里的时候激活那些积极的记忆会让它不再那么恐惧。A.deleting删除；B.decreasing减少；C.activating
激活； D.pausing暂停。根据“positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 4页（共 10页）




ones for an hour”，（科学家们对老鼠输入了积极的记忆），所以推测本句指“激活”这些积极记忆。
故选 C。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为这种记忆的“重新训练”有助于去除掉老鼠的一些
创伤。A.recreate重新创造；B.erase消除；C.liberate解放；D.memorize记住。根据下文，“it is unclear
whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed”（不知这些原始恐惧是否完全
消失）可知，本句指这样做可以“消除”掉一些创伤。故选 B。
【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，是否这些原始的恐惧记忆完全消除或抑制是不清楚
的。A. However然而；B.Besides另外；C.Indeed实际上；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“They think
that this memory “retraining" may be helping to ______some of the mouse's trauma. ”，这样做有助于消除
恐惧记忆，下句又讲“能否完全消除还不清楚”，因此两句之间是转折关系。故选 A。
【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的团队强调他们在老鼠身上的成果只是初步的，
但是他们也看到了在这条路上为人类治疗的潜力。 A.Since因为； B.Unless除非；C.Until直到；
D.While然而。根据从句中“preliminary(初步的)”一词，及主句中“潜力”一词，可推出主从句之间为
转折关系。故选 D。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，
以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。A.removed移除；B.strengthened加强；C.altered转
换；D.stimulated刺激。根据“Ramirez’s team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary(初步的), they
see treatment potential for humans down the road”，“科学家们在对老鼠做实验的成效中，看到了人类治
疗的潜能”，所以本句是这种“潜能”应用的例子，就是可以转换人的记忆。故选 C。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，
以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。 A.emotional情感的； B.physical 身体的
C.controversial有争议的；D.mechanical机械的；本空修饰“response to painful recollection”’（人对痛
苦回忆的反应），这种反应应该是“情感上的”。故选 A。
【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果关键的证人和受害者不能记得犯罪事件，那么执法系
统会处于不利地位吗? A.immune免疫的；B.justice公正的，正义，执法制度；C.medical医疗的；
D.commerce商业。根据 “system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a
crime? ”意思，证人和受害者不记得犯罪事件后，那么“执法部门”就无法找到确切的犯罪证据。故选
B。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伴随着神经科学家们的研究进展，他们说这些道德上的
问题也正在被考虑中。A.mental精神的；B. equality平等性；C.criminal罪犯的；D. ethical道德上
的，伦理的。根据“These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth
thinking about ”作者提出，如果这种技术应用在人身上后，会出现的各种问题可知，这些问题都属于
“道德”方面的。故选 D。
【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ramirez认为这种控制记忆的想法既不是好的，也不是坏
的，这取决于你怎样使用它。 A.killing杀害；B.multiplying繁殖；C.controlling控制；D.justifying
证明...合法，辩护。根据“memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones”可知，本文主要讲“改变人的
记忆”的问题，所以这里应该是“控制记忆”。故选 C。
第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分）
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 5页（共 10页）




【语篇填空答案】
(36) exploration (37) better
(38) of
(39) to have
(40) which
(41) opening
(42) passages
(43) the
(44) particularly
(45) has been attached
【语篇导读】本文讲述随着北极冰的融化，极地地区可能为更好地了解全球变暖的影响提供了机会。
受全球变暖影响，北极冰层正在融化，开辟出一条经西北、中部和东北通道的“北方路线”，中国
与欧洲之间经北极的海运时间将比现有经印度洋和苏伊士运河的海运时间更短。
【解析】
(36) exploration.考查名词。句意：在北极的研究和探索是理解和应对气候变化问题的基础。和research
并列作主语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填 exploration。
(37) better.考查比较级。句意：随着北极冰的融化，极地地区可能为更好地了解全球变暖的影响提
供了机会。表示"更好"，所以用副词的比较级修饰动词，故填 better。
(38) of.考查介词。句意：北极在环境、贸易、投资、能源和安全等方面具有重要意义。be of great
importance＝be very important，故填 of。
(39) to have.考查不定式。句意：据估计，它拥有世界四分之一的石油和天然气。sb. is estimated to do
sth.某人被估计做某事，故填 to have。
(40) which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国在白皮书中阐述了明确的北极政策，这与“极地丝
绸之路”的概念非常契合。指代前面句子，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填 which。
(41) opening.考查现在分词。句意：受全球变暖影响，北极冰层正在融化，开辟出一条经西北、中
部和东北通道的“北方路线”，中国与欧洲之间经北极的海运时间将比现有经印度洋和苏伊士运河
的海运时间更短。指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语，故填 opening。
(42) passages.考查复数名词。句意：受全球变暖影响，北极冰层正在融化，开辟出一条经西北、中
部和东北通道的“北方路线”，中国与欧洲之间经北极的海运时间将比现有经印度洋和苏伊士运河
的海运时间更短。passage"通道"，为可数名词，所以用复数表示不止一个，故填 passages。
(43) the.考查冠词。句意：受全球变暖影响，北极冰层正在融化，开辟出一条经西北、中部和东北
通道的“北方路线”，中国与欧洲之间经北极的海运时间将比现有经印度洋和苏伊士运河的海运时
间更短。后跟介词短语作后置定语，特指现存的路线，所以用定冠词，故填 the。
(44) particularly.考查副词。句意：尽管这并不意味着“北方路线”将取代现有路线，但它代表了一
个新的机会，特别是在能源和矿产贸易方面。修饰介词短语，所以用副词，故填 particularly。
(45) has been attached.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：正如白皮书所发表的，近年来中国对北极
航道的航行安全高度重视，并对北极航道进行了研究。根据时间状语 these years，可知用现在完成时
态，根据固定搭配 attach great importance to重视，可知主语和 attach之间是被动关系，所以用被动
语态，主语为不可数名词，故填 has been attached。
第三部分写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分 15分）
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 6页（共 10页）




一、评分原则：
1．本题总分为 15分，按 4个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调
整档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可
接受。
5．词数少于 60，从总分中减去 1分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档（13分～15分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际对象的需
求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档（9分～12分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务
的要求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档（4分～8分）
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内
容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。
第四档（1分～3分）
未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对写作内容的
理解。
0分
未传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。
One possible version:
Dear Michael,
Knowing that you are learning Chinese language and culture in a Confucius Institute and
want to know something about my family spirit, I’m more than delighted to share with you.
Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed on from generation to
generation in my family. My parents always lay emphasis on the importance of honesty,
bravery, perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples for me and my brother.
My family spirit has a profound influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and ready to
help others. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with
difficulties. Owing to those good qualities，I have made great achievements in my study and
life.
Hope you will have a better understanding of Chinese family spirit.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 7页（共 10页）

Yours,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写（满分 25分）
构思情节时要注意：
1.围绕主角（Steven和 Mr. Rowe），紧扣主题（师生情谊，老师对学生的影响），抓住主线（师生
之间的互动），设计和描写主角之间互动的场景，以此凸显师生情谊之深。动作描写、情绪等细节
描写相结合；
2.不随意增添新的角色（原文中没有任何提及过的角色不能加），不改变每一段的故事背景（如：
第一段写最后一个上学日里发生的故事；第二段写多年以后发生的故事）；
3.减少对白或啰嗦的背景；对故事的主旨有意义的内容，可以用简洁的直接引语写出来（如：Patiently
and proudly, he explained to us how he made a success of himself through years’ efforts. Then, in a tone of
sincerity, he said, “Mr. Rowe, I owe my success to your definite patience and understanding.” Hearing this,
Mr. Rowe smiled and nodded knowingly.）；
4.矛盾集中化（集中写体现师生情谊深的场景），用衬托（比如 Steven在最后一天送老师礼物；或
者 Students迫不及待要回家而 Steven因为要转学而不舍离去）。
评分要点：
1.第一段：描写离开学校时 Steven对 Mr. Rowe的依依惜别之情。
2.第二段：再见 Steven的时候，看到 Steven巨大的变化（成功的商人，为学校捐赠；成为运动员；
再回学校应聘教师，回报 Mr. Rowe对他的关爱和教育等）心里非常欣慰，感慨教育能够创造奇迹（主
题的升华）。
评分标准：
总分为 25分，按 5个档次给分。
档次要求：
第五档（21-25分）
与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理；内容丰富，所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、
准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文
结构紧凑。
第四档（16-20分）
与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理；内容比较丰富，所使用语法结构和
词汇较为丰富、准确；可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；比较有效地使用了语句间的连接
成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。
第三档（11-15分）
与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；写出了若干有关内容，应用
的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求；虽有一些错误，但不影响意义的表达；
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 8页（共 10页）

第二档（6-10分）
与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；写出了一些有关内容；语法
结构单调、词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达；较少使用语句间
的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。
第一档（1-5分）
与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差，产出内容太少；语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结
构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达；缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。
0分
白卷、内容太少无法判断或所写内容与所提供内容无关。
Possible versions:
I.
Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school. Occupied with
our work, it was some time before we took notice of a trembling figure at the door, who stepped forward
and revealed himself to be Steven. With blood rushing to his face, he stuffed two roughly wrapped presents
into our hands before timidity evidently got better hold of him, and then he pulled his arms hastily away.
Mr. Rowe raised his eyebrows in astonishment, but a knowing smile flickered across his face as he stooped
down to hold him in a tender embrace. The scene, which drew a wonderful close to that year, was my last
memory of little Steven.
Many years later, Mr. Rowe and I were surprised. On a bright morning, the office door was gently
pulled open. Inside came a neatly-dressed gentleman who wore a grin of rapture and confidence. “I’m back,
Mr. Rowe.” said Steven cheerfully, who threw himself into Mr. Rowe’s arms and hugged him tightly. The
moment when they gazed at each other and grinned from ear to ear deeply touched me. It dawned on me
that the magical power of a teacher’s care and patience could truly save an isolated soul and reconstruct a
person’s life.
II.
Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school. The end-of-term
bell rang, indicating the beginning of the long-awaited vacation. In undisguised exhilaration, students
hastily packed their bags and dashed out of the classroom, except Steven, who gazed blankly at others, his
eyes full of tears. Seeing this, Mr. Rowe came up to him, crouched down and asked in a tone of tender
solicitude, “What’s up?” Through stifled sobs, Steven told him that he would transfer to another school. “I
don’t want to leave you,” he exclaimed, flinging his arms around Mr. Rowe, who patted his back gently and
consoled him, “Everything’ll be OK.” Steven nodded knowingly, turned around and made his way home.
Many years later, Mr. Rowe and I were surprised. One day, into our office came a decently-dressed
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 9页（共 10页）




young man, exuding/radiating calm confidence and enthusiasm. It was Steven! As our eyes encountered,
his face blushed and then creased into a beaming smile. Exhilarated, he told us that it was Mr. Rowe’s
infinite patience and understanding that helped him through the tough time and made him what he
was. “Mr. Rowe, thank you.” he said in a sincere voice. At that moment, I was struck by the sudden
realization that a teacher’s love has the power to illuminate a student’s life path, pulling him out of the
abyss of solitude.
2022届广东省四校第二次联考英语答案及解析第 10页（共 10页）