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人教新目标（Go for it)版英语八年级下册 Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum 现在完成时(1)（课件）
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这是一份人教新目标（Go for it)版英语八年级下册 Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum 现在完成时(1)（课件），共17页。
Present Perfect TenseLook at these sentencesI have finished all my homework.I have cleaned all the rooms.I have eaten all the food.我把所有的作业都做完了。我把所有的房间都打扫完了。我把所有的食物都吃光了。现在完成时的构成 助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同，不规则变化则须单独记忆。 句式1. 肯定句:主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他) I have already read this book.2. 否定句:主语 + have / has + not + 分词(+ 其他) I haven’t read this book yet .3. 一般疑问句:Have/ Has + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ 其他)Have you read this book yet ?4. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + have / has + 主语+过去分词 (+其他) How long have they been here? 注意：already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。◆already 一般用于肯定句中。如： We have already cleaned up our classroom. 注意：already 用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如：Have you finished your homework already? I can’t believe it.◆ yet 一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如： Have you seen her yet? The bus hasn’t come yet.1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。例如： ① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. ⑤ I’ve just lost my math book. 用法：2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home.注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.He has been away since last week.He has been away for one week.对划线部分提问都用How longSince 3. have/has been in, have/has been to 与have/has gone to 的用法:1). have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。2). have( has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗？Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3). have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。 比较：I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。 (我了解这部电影的内容) I saw the film last month. 我上个月看了这部电影。 (只说明上个月看了这部电影，不 涉及现在的情况)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别① 一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。② 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。③ 一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续到现在并可能持续下去。 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week, … ago, in1980, in October, just now … 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, … 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years …现在完成时与瞬间动词 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：一、用ago,使用一般过去时。 He left here three years ago.二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ” It is three years since he left here.三、用“ 一段时间＋have/ has passed + since + 一般过去时从句”Three years have passed since he left here.以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／介词短语等。一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句1).我们买这本书三年了.We have had the book for three years.We bought the book three years ago. 2).自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书. I have kept the book since last week. I borrowed the book last week.3). Mr Black死了三年了。Mr Black has been dead for three years.Mr Black died three years ago.根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词(含缩写)。1. My parents have come back already.(改为否定句) My parents _______ ______ back ____. 2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (改为一般疑问句) _______ the boys _______ to Japan lots of times? Have been haven’t comeyetExercises3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore? (作肯定回答) _______, she _______.4. I have been to the theme park three times. (对划线部分提问) _____ ______ times have you been to the theme park?5. The movie has been on for half an hour. (对划线部分提问) _____ _______ has the movie been on? How many Yes hasHow longThanks for listening!
Present Perfect TenseLook at these sentencesI have finished all my homework.I have cleaned all the rooms.I have eaten all the food.我把所有的作业都做完了。我把所有的房间都打扫完了。我把所有的食物都吃光了。现在完成时的构成 助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同，不规则变化则须单独记忆。 句式1. 肯定句:主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他) I have already read this book.2. 否定句:主语 + have / has + not + 分词(+ 其他) I haven’t read this book yet .3. 一般疑问句:Have/ Has + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ 其他)Have you read this book yet ?4. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + have / has + 主语+过去分词 (+其他) How long have they been here? 注意：already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。◆already 一般用于肯定句中。如： We have already cleaned up our classroom. 注意：already 用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如：Have you finished your homework already? I can’t believe it.◆ yet 一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如： Have you seen her yet? The bus hasn’t come yet.1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。例如： ① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. ⑤ I’ve just lost my math book. 用法：2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home.注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.He has been away since last week.He has been away for one week.对划线部分提问都用How longSince 3. have/has been in, have/has been to 与have/has gone to 的用法:1). have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。2). have( has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗？Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3). have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。 比较：I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。 (我了解这部电影的内容) I saw the film last month. 我上个月看了这部电影。 (只说明上个月看了这部电影，不 涉及现在的情况)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别① 一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。② 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。③ 一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续到现在并可能持续下去。 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week, … ago, in1980, in October, just now … 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, … 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years …现在完成时与瞬间动词 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：一、用ago,使用一般过去时。 He left here three years ago.二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ” It is three years since he left here.三、用“ 一段时间＋have/ has passed + since + 一般过去时从句”Three years have passed since he left here.以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／介词短语等。一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句1).我们买这本书三年了.We have had the book for three years.We bought the book three years ago. 2).自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书. I have kept the book since last week. I borrowed the book last week.3). Mr Black死了三年了。Mr Black has been dead for three years.Mr Black died three years ago.根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词(含缩写)。1. My parents have come back already.(改为否定句) My parents _______ ______ back ____. 2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (改为一般疑问句) _______ the boys _______ to Japan lots of times? Have been haven’t comeyetExercises3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore? (作肯定回答) _______, she _______.4. I have been to the theme park three times. (对划线部分提问) _____ ______ times have you been to the theme park?5. The movie has been on for half an hour. (对划线部分提问) _____ _______ has the movie been on? How many Yes hasHow longThanks for listening!
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