人教新目标（Go for it)版英语八年级下册 人教版初中英语八年级下册现在完成时（课件）

这是一份人教新目标（Go for it)版英语八年级下册 人教版初中英语八年级下册现在完成时（课件），共27页。
期末复习现在完成时构 成01一、现在完成时的构成1、基本结构：助动词have/has +过去分词done 2、基于结构产生的句式变化（1）肯定式：主语 + have/has +过去分词done +…（2）否定式：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t +过去分词done +…They have lived here for ten years.（3）一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语 + 过去分词done +… ？助动词have/has帮助实现句型转换。They have lived here for ten years. (变为一般疑问句并回答)A: Have they lived here for ten years？B: Yes, they have./No, they haven’t .How long have they lived here?（4）特殊疑问句式：疑问词+一般疑问句3、过去分词的构成：(1)规则变化：规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式相同①live—lived—lived decide—decided—decided②study—studied—studied carry—carried—carried③stop—stopped—stopped plan—planned—planned④watch—watched—watched finish—finished—finished(2)不规则变化：不规则动词的过去分词需强化记忆be—was/were—been see—saw—seen go—went— gone do—did—donecut—cut—cut put—put—put set—set—set let—let—letbuy—bought—bought bring—brought—brought teach—taught—taught catch—caught—caught drink—drank—drunk swim—swam—swum用 法02二、现在完成时的用法 表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，也可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。（1）过去对现在（2）过去到现在 过去对现在，指动作发生在过去且已结束，但对现在产生某种影响。① The room is clean, because I have cleaned it.(动词打扫clean发生在过去且已结束，对现在有影响：干净。)现在完成时用法（1）：过去对现在② I won’t go to the movie, because I have seen it.(动词see发生在过去且已结束，对现在有影响：内容已知晓，不再去观看。)动作发生在过去，结果影响到现在。 过去到现在，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在（动词多是延续性的）。一直延续到现在，for与since把时间带。现在完成时用法（2）：过去到现在Mr Zhang has taught math since 1992.We have studied English for six years. 现在完成时常与“for+时间段，since+时间点/从句”连用，动词须为延续动词。动词转化03三、非延续动词的转化问题行为动词根据其能否持续可分为非延续动词（短暂/瞬间动词）和延续动词。(open/buy/borrow; live/study/sleep)现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能for， since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化常见的变化辨 析04四、辨析一般过去时与现在完成时（1）一般过去时单纯表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无联系，可与过去时间连用，属于过去时态。Tom lived in Beijing two years ago.两年前汤姆住在北京。 (不知道现在是否还住在北京)（2）现在完成时的动作虽发生在过去，但更侧重对现在造成的影响，属于现在时态，不与过去时间连用。Tom has lived in Beijing for two years.汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆还在北京)时态归属不同；连用的时间状语不同常见句式051. ...have/has been to ... 意为：去过某地，人已回来，常与次数连用。 I have been to the USA twice.我去过美国两次。2. ... have/has gone to ... 意为：去了某地，人不在说话处，人在路上或已到达某地。 —Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里？ —He has gone to the library.他去图书馆了。五、有关现在完成时的三个常见句式3、... have/has been in + 地点 + for + 时间段 意为：已在某地呆了......时间。 We have been in this city for three years.我们已经在这 个城市待了三年。课堂作业061. His father _______ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in2. —Do you know him well? —Sure, we _______ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made3. —How long have you _______ here? —About two months. A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived一、单项选择DBA4. Hurry up! The play _____ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began5. I _____ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. left B. went away from C. have left D. have been away fromCD1、—I saw you in Tom’s Restaurant last night. —No, it wasn’t me. I ______ never ________ there. 2、—Where’s Tony? — He ____________ the teachers’ office.3、I _______ never________ Hong Kong. I hope to visit it one day.4、—Is your father in? —No, he _______________to Shenzhen on vacation. 二、用have been (to) / have gone (to) / have been (in)填空have beenhas gone to have been tohas gone to THANK YOU