2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit24Society单元主题语篇训练二含解析北师大版选修8

Unit 24  单元主题语篇训练

Ⅰ.完形填空

Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.

I'm Will Rubio, one of the __1__ of BYUtv's Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to __2__ random acts of kindness. We've filmed acts __3__ from building disabled­friendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly __4__ them but can't afford them to returning a lost wallet.

On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who recognizes a need and __5__ an incredible chain reaction of service. __6__ the story of Emmalene Meyers. Like many young girls, Emmalene was __7__ to be a ballet dancer — but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) __8__. Instead of seeing a limitation, Emmalene's friend Lily __9__ an opportunity. Lily imagined Emmalene's dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan __10__.

So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a __11__ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being __12__ and involved in service is __13__ like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to __14__ it.

After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of __15__ burdens and brightening lives doesn't fade. I sometimes __16__ Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldn't be further from the __17__. When I finally meet the people we've been working to __18__ and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it __19__ me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show.

Be that person doing acts of kindness out of the __20__ of your heart — be the nice you want to see in the world!

语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己做节目的亲身经历告诉读者一个道理：所有的善举都始于小事，并呼吁人们将内心的善意付诸行动，成为最好的自己！

1．A.photographers  B．directors

C．viewers  D．hosts

解析：选D　根据倒数第二段中的“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts”可知，作者是Random Acts这个节目的其中一个主持人。host“(电视或广播的)节目主持人”符合语境。photographer“摄影师”；director“导演”；viewer“电视观众”。

2．A.expose  B．conduct

C．arrange  D．advocate

解析：选A　此处指作者他们带着隐藏摄像机去到出人意料的地方，为的是展示(expose)随意的善举。conduct“指挥，引导”；arrange“安排”；advocate“提倡”。

3．A.changing  B．counting

C．ranging  D．transforming

解析：选C　作者他们拍摄的善举很多，包括从为那些非常需要却又负担不起的残疾人建造相应的设施到归还丢失的钱包等各类事情。range“包括(从……到……)之间的各类事物”符合语境。count“数数”；transform“使改观”。

4．A.in search of  B．in need of

C．in defence of  D．in favor of

解析：选B　参见上题解析。in search of“搜寻，搜索”；in need of“需要”；in defence of“保护，防护”；in favor of“支持，赞同”。

5．A.sets off  B．sets aside

C．sets down  D．sets out

解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指可能是一位邻居或者同事意识到一种需要并引发一系列不可思议的反应——提供帮助。set off“引发，激起”符合语境。set aside“暂不考虑，留出”；set down“写下”；set out“出发，开始”。

6．A.Retell  B．Take

C．Create  D．Explain

解析：选B　此处指以Emmalene Meyers的故事为例。take“以……为例，将……作为例证”符合语境。retell“复述”；create“创作”；explain“解释”。

7．A.anxious  B．proud

C．afraid  D．unwilling

解析：选A　像许多女孩子一样，Emmalene非常希望自己能成为一名芭蕾舞演员。anxious“渴望，非常希望”符合语境。proud“骄傲的，自豪的”；afraid“害怕的”；unwilling“不情愿的”。

8．A.exception  B．dilemma

C．competition  D．challenge

解析：选D　根据上文中的“her physical disability”可知，Emmalene身有残疾，所以日常的(生活)事务对她来说都是挑战。challenge“挑战，艰巨任务”符合语境。exception“例外的情况”；dilemma“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”；competition“竞争，角逐”。

9．A.provided  B．seized

C．spotted  D．missed

解析：选C　此处指Emmalene的朋友Lily发现了一个机会。 spot“发现，注意到”符合语境。provide“提供”；seize“抓住”；miss“错过”。

10．A.successful  B．acceptable

C．reasonable  D．available

解析：选A　此处指的应是在Random Acts节目的帮助下，Lily帮助Emmalene实现梦想的计划成功了。successful“成功的”符合语境。acceptable“可接受的，令人满意的”；reasonable“有道理的，合乎情理的”；available“可获得的，可找到的”。

11．A.choice  B．difference

C．promise  D．decision

解析：选B　寻找一个机会来影响那些身处困境中的人。make a difference“有影响，起作用”符合语境。make a choice“作出选择”；make a promise“作出承诺”；make a decision“作出决定”。

12．A.generous  B．caring

C．ambitious  D．sociable

解析：选B　根据文章主题及语境可知，此处指乐于助人并投身于服务工作就(just)像其他任何你想要实现的目标一样。caring“乐于助人的”符合语境。generous“慷慨的”；ambitious“有雄心的”；sociable“好交际的”。

13．A.never  B．even

C．still  D．just

解析：选D　参见上题解析。

14．A.put up with  B．make up for

C．work at   D．take to

解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处指你非得下功夫不可。put up with“容忍，忍受”；make up for“弥补”；work at“努力做，致力于”；take to“喜欢上……”。

15．A.bearing  B．carrying

C．reducing  D．overcoming

解析：选C　主持了两季的Random Acts后，作者从减轻(reducing)他人重担、改善他人生活中获得的快乐并没有消退。bear“忍受”；carry“承担，承受”；overcome“克服”。

16．A.admit  B．realize

C．remember  D．assume

解析：选D　有时作者认为Random Acts这一节目总有一天会失去其特色，但是事实(truth)远非如此。assume“认为，假设”符合语境。admit“承认”；realize“意识到”；remember“记得”。

17．A.truth  B．deadline

C．destination  D．boundary

解析：选A　参见上题解析。deadline“截止日期”；destination“目的地”；boundary“边界，界限”。

18．A.accompany  B．surprise

C．locate  D．please

解析：选B　根据下文中的“see their genuine shock”可知，此处应用surprise，表示“使惊奇，使诧异，使感到意外”。accompany“陪伴”；locate“确定……的准确地点”；please“取悦”。

19．A.refreshes  B．inspires

C．hits  D．satisfies

解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处指作者每次都会被那些人们表现出的真诚的惊讶和感激所感动。hit“打，击中”，在此引申为“感动”，符合语境。refresh“使恢复精力”；inspire“激励，鼓舞”；satisfy“使满意，使满足”。

20．A.goodness  B．curiosity

C．faith  D．whisper

解析：选A　根据语境及文章主题可知，此处指作者呼吁人们成为那个出于好心(goodness)来施行善举的人。out of the goodness of one's heart“某人是出于好心”，是固定用法。

tips 完形填空之全解夹叙夹议文

夹叙夹议文完形填空是最近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。该类完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起读者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。此类文章的应试策略如下：

1．明确文章的组织方式

夹叙夹议类完形填空题一般有以下三种结构：

(1)事例—观点

先叙述作者自己经历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。

(2)观点—事例

先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。

(3)观点—事例—观点

提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。(本文结构即为这种类型)

2．体会叙述和议论的联系

夹叙夹议文体就是一方面叙述某一事情，一方面又对此事加以分析与评论。这种表达方式中的叙与议是一个有机的整体，“叙”是“议”的基础，即议论不能脱离记叙，必须在记叙的基础上展开；“议”是“叙”的渗透，即议论在记叙的基础上发展，且有一定的深度与广度。二者水乳交融，互为一体。在读这类文章时，要把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述全面把握文章才能正确解题。

3．重视语境的作用

叙述与议论的结合，使得此类文章常会出现事件与观点的变换，从而突出了对语境的依赖。这就要求在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，找到正确答案。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Among the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), the World Health Organization (WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.

·Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol­based hand rub if your hands are not visibly dirty. __1__.

·__2__.If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may contaminate (污染；传染) objects or people that you touch.Throw tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with alcohol­based hand rub or soap and water.

·Keep at least one­meter distance between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and have a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with a respiratory (呼吸系统) disease project (喷射) small drops containing the virus. __3__.

·Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth because hands touch many surfaces, which can be contaminated with: the virus.If you touch your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself.

· Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic (流行病) has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms.

·Practice general hygiene (卫生) measures when visiting live animal markets, wet markets or animal product markets.__4__.Avoid contact with potentially contaminated animal waste or fluids on the soil, or structures of shops and market facilities.

·__5__.Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross­contamination with uncooked food.

A．Avoid eating animal products

B．If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus

C．This helps knowing the virus if it's on your hands

D．Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products

E．This helps removing the virus if it's on your hands

F．Strictly avoid any contact with other animals in the market

G．Cover your mouth and nose with tissue when coughing and sneezing

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新型冠状病毒肺炎NCP的爆发时，世界卫生组织向公众提供了针对该病毒的基本保护措施。

1．选E　根据上文“经常用肥皂和水洗手，如果你的手不是很脏，可以用含酒精的洗手液”可知，E项“这有助于去除病毒”承接上文。

2．选G　根据空后一句及下文的“Throw tissue immediately ...”可知，G项“咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻”承接下文。

3．选B　上文提到“感染了呼吸道疾病的人咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会喷出含有病毒的小液滴”，B项“如果你离得太近，你会吸入病毒”承接上文。

4．选F　根据上文中的“live animal market”可知，F项“严禁在市场上接触其他动物”承接上文，并与下文的“Avoid contact ...”为并列结构。

5．选D　根据下文“小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官，避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染”可知，D项“避免进食生的或未煮熟的动物产品”承接下文。

Ⅲ.语法填空

When it comes to your brain, researchers have found there's no better superfood than a book. According to the data __1__ (collect) by the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study, a __2__ (hope) pattern came out: people who read books for as little as 30 minutes a day over several years were living an average of two years __3__ (long) than people who didn't read anything at all.

Strange still, as science reminds us, reading books — especially fiction — __4__ (force) your brain to think critically and make __5__ (connection) from one chapter to another, and to the outside world. Also, reading stories can lead to a noticeable increase in human interaction, __6__ in turn can lower stress levels.

But it doesn't mean that magazines, newspapers and web articles are useless. Any reading material that fills your mind and enlarges your vocabulary seems __7__ (carry) mental benefits. Therefore, whether you're reading a page­turner or simply scanning __8__ instruction for your coffee maker, many parts of your brain __9__ (involve) in positive thinking. Still not inspired to give __10__ a try?

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，阅读益处多多，建议读者多读书。

1．collected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，collect和其逻辑主语the data之间构成动宾关系，与介词“by”呼应，故填其过去分词形式collected。

2．hopeful　考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词hopeful修饰名词“pattern”，在句子中作定语。

3．longer　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境中的比较级标志“than”可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填longer。

4．forces　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述客观情况，应用一般现在时；且主语为动名词短语“reading books”，句子谓语用单数形式，故填forces。

5．connections　考查名词复数。connection是可数名词，与该句中的“from one chapter to another”呼应，表示复数概念，且其前无限定词修饰，故填connections。

6．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面的整个句子，故用which来引导该从句。

7．to carry　考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.为固定用法，故此处用不定式作宾语，故填to carry。

8．an　考查冠词。instruction意为“操作指南”时是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，且其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。

9．are involved　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；且主语many parts of your brain为复数，be involved in“涉及，参与”符合语境，故填are involved。

10．it/reading　考查代词或名词。空处表示对本文主题“阅读”的再次点题，故填代词it或名词reading。