高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教案设计
展开本单元的中心话题是人类当今面临的环境问题,主要探讨了“全球变暖”和“节约能源”等方面的问题。由于人类过多使用不可再生能源,大气中二氧化碳的含量逐年增加,导致全球气温上升。通过学习本单元,让学生了解能源分为“不可再生能源”和“可再生能源”,帮助学生树立“节约能源、保护环境”的主人翁意识。
本单元的主要教学内容如下表所示:
Perid 1 Warming Up,Pre-reading,
Reading and Cmprehending
eq \(\s\up7(),\s\d5(整体设计))
教学内容分析
This is the first teaching perid f this unit.The central part f this perid is the reading passage with the title f “The Earth Is Becming Warmer—But Des It Matter?” talking abut the glbal issue which has a great effect n human beings' life.
Warming Up gives six pictures t help students list the surces f energy they can think f in ur daily life.Then they will be led t discuss which energy surce is “renewable” and which is “nn-renewable”.This part is designed t help the students t recall their backgrund knwledge abut energy and prepares students fr the whle unit.
Pre-reading prvides a picture f a greenhuse and then tells us what a greenhuse is and what “greenhuse gases” are.The students will be led t discuss what they think greenhuse gases d,leading t the tpic f the reading passage.
Reading is a passage frm an envirnmental magazine fr yung peple.It puts frward the pssible effect f increased carbn dixide in the atmsphere and different pints f view abut it.It als analyzes the causes f the earth's increased temperature.It pses questins and encurages students t think abut the issues.There are tw graphs in it that tell us the “temperature difference frm lng-term average,1860-2000” and “carbn dixide cntent in the atmsphere,1957-1997”.Characters in the passage—Dr Janice Fster,Gerge Hambley and Charles Keeling are all real persns and their views reflect the views f sme scientists tday.
Cmprehending cnsists f three written r ral exercises fr the students t d s as t help the students t get a better understanding f the text,that is t say,t help the teacher t check hw much the students have understd the text.
三维目标设计
Knwledge and skills
1.T knw the meanings f the fllwing new wrds and phrases:
cnsume(消费;消耗;耗尽),cme abut(发生;造成),randm(胡乱的;任意的),phenmenn(现象),subscribe(同意;捐赠;订阅;签署文件),subscribe t(同意;赞成;订购),fuel(燃料),quantity(量;数量),quantities f (大量的),tend(趋向;易于;照顾),g up(上升;增长;升起),per(每;每一),data(资料;数据),result in(导致),trend(趋势;倾向),catastrphe(大灾难;浩劫),fld(洪水;洪灾),ppse(反对;反抗),ppsed(反对的;对立的),be ppsed t(反对),cnsequence(结果;后果),state(陈述;说明),range(种类;范围),even if(即使),keep n(继续),glance(看一下;扫视),steady(平稳的;持续的),steadily(平稳地,持续地)
2.T learn abut sme facts and views abut glbal warming.
3.T learn hw the infrmatin is rganized.
4.T develp the students' reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.
5.T develp the students' speaking ability by talking abut glbal warming.
Prcess and methds
1.While ding Warming Up the teacher can lead in the tpic f this unit by shwing students sme pictures r vides abut surces f energy,making the students recall their wn knwledge abut energy.
2.During Pre-reading the teacher can g arund the classrm and discuss the questins with several students.This discussin shuld be student-centered and lead them t the tpic f glbal warming.The teacher shuld als ask the students t lk at the graphs in the reading passage and try t find ut the general idea f the text.
3.While ding Reading and Cmprehending,the teacher may first ask the students t read the text quickly t get the general idea f each paragraph.After reading the passage,students are encuraged t answer sme questins and discuss the text structure.
4.T cnslidate the cntents f the reading passage,the students shuld be required t retell the text in their wn wrds at the end f the class.
Emtin,attitude and value
1.T make students realize the harm f glbal warming and the imprtance f envirnmental prtectin.
2.T develp students' sense f cperative learning.
教学重、难点
1.T enable the students t learn abut glbal warming and t develp their reading ability.
2.T enable the students t talk abut what we shuld d t prevent glbal warming.
eq \(\s\up7(),\s\d5(教学过程))
Step 1 Warming up
1.Warming up by reading and talking:
Read thrugh the exercise with the class.Put students in grups f fur t talk abut what we use energy fr,what are the surces f these energy and whether the surces are renewable r nn-renewable.
Suggested answer:The six phts are:windmills;a cal pwer statin;an il refinery;a nuclear pwer plant;slar panels;a hydr-electric dam.
2.Warming up by discussin:
Draw a frm n the blackbard as fllws:
Let the students have a discussin and cllect suggestins frm students and write them under the apprpriate heading.
Suggested answer:
Step 2 Pre-reading
1.Shw a picture f a greenhuse t students and ask them what a greenhuse is made f and what its purpse is.
Suggested answer:It's made f glass and plants can grw in it when it's cld utside.
Ask the students hw it wrks.
Suggested answer:The glass traps the heat frm the sun,making the air warm s that plants grw better.
2.Ask students what they think “greenhuse gases” are and what they think greenhuse gases d.Lk at the picture abve and explain it t their partners.
Suggested answer:Greenhuse gases perfrm the same functin as the glass in a glasshuse:they trap the heat f the sun and keep the air surrunding the earth warm.This is called the greenhuse effect.)
Step 3 Reading and cmprehending
1.Fast reading
Ask students t read the passage quickly s as t get the key wrds and general idea f each paragraph and answer the fllwing questins:
(1)What is the main tpic f the article?
________________________________________________________________________
(2)Wh wrte the magazine article?What is the name f the magazine?
________________________________________________________________________
(3)What are the names f the three scientists mentined in the article?D they agree with ne anther?
________________________________________________________________________
Suggested answers:(1)Glbal warming/the warming f the earth.(2)Sphie Armstrng,Earth Care.
(3)Dr Janice Fster,Charles Keeling,Gerge Hambley.They dn't agree with each ther.
2.Detailed reading
(1)Read the passage carefully and judge whether the statements are true(T) r false(F).
①Janice Fster believes that glbal warming is caused by the burning fssil fuels.( )
②Natural gas is a greenhuse gas.( )
③Carbn dixide is a byprduct f burning fssil fuels.( )
④Peple accept Charles Keeling's data because he tk accurate measurements.( )
⑤Flding culd be ne f the effects f future glbal warming.( )
⑥Gerge Hambley believes scientists are just guessing abut the effects f glbal warming.( )
⑦Gerge Hambley is wrried abut the effects f carbn dixide n plant grwth.( )
⑧It is clear what the effects f glbal warming will be.( )
(Suggested answers:TFTTTTFF)
3.Structure analyzing
Ask students t read the text carefully and try t find ut hw many parts they can divide the text int and find ut the main idea f each part.
Suggested answer:
Step 4 Language study
Dealing with any language prblem if any(wrds r sentences students might nt understand)t help the students t have a better understanding f the text.
Step 5 Listening,reading alud and underlining
Ask students t read the passage alud t the tape and let them pay attentin t the prnunciatin f each wrd and the pauses within each sentence.Tell them t pick ut all the useful expressins r cllcatins frm the passage while reading and cpy them t the ntebk after class as hmewrk.
Cllcatins:cme abut,There is n dubt that...,subscribe t,due t,greenhuse effect,quantities f,tend t,be trapped in,g up,result in,n the ne the ther hand,be ppsed t,build up,keep n.
Step 6 Retelling
Ask students t talk abut glbal warming in their wn wrds.Give them sme key wrds and expressins n the blackbard.Then let them try t retell the passage.
Step 7 Hmewrk
1.Learn the useful new wrds and expressins in this part by heart.
2.Try t find sme data abut glbal warming n the Internet,and shw yur class in the next perid and talk abut them.
Step 8 Reflectin after teaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
eq \(\s\up7(),\s\d5(教学参考))
Abut Glbal Warming(关于全球变暖)
Glbal warming is the increase in the average temperature f Earth's near-surface air and ceans since the mid-20th century and its prjected cntinuatin.Glbal surface temperature increased 0.74±0.18℃(1.33±0.32)between the start and the end f the 20th century.The Intergvernmental Panel n Climate Change(IPCC)cncludes that mst f the bserved temperature increase since the middle f the 20th century was very likely caused by increasing cncentratins f greenhuse gases resulting frm human activity such as fssil fuel burning and defrestatin.The IPCC als cncludes that variatins in natural phenmena such as slar radiatin and vlcanic eruptins had a small cling effect after 1950.These basic cnclusins have been endrsed by mre than 40 scientific scieties and academies f science,including all f the natinal academies f science f the majr industrialized cuntries.
Climate mdel prjectins summarized in the latest IPCC reprt indicate that the glbal surface temperature is likely t rise a further 1.1 t 6.4℃(2.0 t 11.5)during the 21st century.The uncertainty in this estimate arises frm the use f mdels with differing sensitivity t greenhuse gas cncentratins and the use f differing estimates f future greenhuse gas emissins.Mst studies fcus n the perid up t the year 2100.Hwever,warming is expected t cntinue beynd 2100 even if emissins stp,because f the large heat capacity f the ceans and the lng lifetime f carbn dixide in the atmsphere.
An increase in glbal temperature will cause sea levels t rise and will change the amunt and pattern f precipitatin,prbably including expansin f subtrpical deserts.Warming is expected t be strngest in the Arctic and wuld be assciated with cntinuing retreat f glaciers,permafrst and sea ice.Other likely effects include changes in the frequency and intensity f extreme weather events,species extinctins,and changes in agricultural yields.Warming and related changes will vary frm regin t regin arund the glbe,thugh the nature f these reginal variatins is uncertain.
Plitical and public debate cntinues regarding glbal warming,and what actins(if any)t take in respnse.The available ptins are mitigatin t reduce further emissins;adaptatin t reduce the damage caused by warming;and,mre speculatively,geengineering(地球工程)t reverse glbal warming.Mst natinal gvernments have signed and ratified the Kyt Prtcl aimed at reducing greenhuse gas emissins.
类别
课程标准要求掌握的内容
话题
Glbal warming,pllutin and the imprtance f prtecting the earth
词
汇
tend
v.趋向;易于;照顾
catastrphe
n.大灾难;浩劫
ppse
v.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量
fld
n.洪水;水灾
state
v.陈述;说明
cnsequence
n.结果;后果;影响
glance
v.看一下;扫视 n.一瞥
existence
n.生存;存在
quantity
n.量;数量
cmmitment
n.承诺;交托;信奉
range
n.种类;范围
pllutin
n.污染;弄脏
tendency
n. 趋向;趋势
grwth
n.增长;生长
circumstance
n.环境;情况
mtr
n.发动机
ppsed
adj.反对的,对立的
can
n.容器;罐头
steady
adj. 平稳的;持续的
micrwave
n.微波炉;微波
widespread
adj.分布广的;普遍的
educatr
n.教育工作者;教育家
average
adj.平均的
cntributin
n.贡献
cnsume
v.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完
presentatin
n.显示;演出
subscribe
v.同意;捐赠;订阅
disagreement
n.分歧;不一致
advcate
v.拥护;提倡;主张
randm
adj.胡乱的;任意的
refresh
v. 使恢复;使振作
mild
adj.温和的;温柔的;淡的
graph
n.图表;坐标图;曲线图
uter
adj.外部的
phenmenn
n.现象
electrical
adj.电的;与电有关的
fuel
n.燃料
casual
adj.随便的;偶然的
data
n.资料;数据
nuclear
adj.核的;核能的
trend
n.趋势;倾向
per
prep.每;每一
cme abut 发生;造成
keep n 继续
subscribe t 同意;赞成;订购
n the whle 大体上;基本上
quantities f 大量的
n behalf f 代表……一方;作为……的代言人
g up 上升;增长;升起
put up with 忍受;容忍
result in 导致
s lng as 只要
be ppsed t 反对
and s n 等等
even if 即使
greenhuse effect 温室效应
句
型
human activity that has caused this glbal warming... (emphatic “it”)
is a rapid increase when_cmpared_t ther natural changes.(ellipsis)
3.There is n dubt that_the_earth_is_becming_warmer...(the appsitive clause)
4.Withut the “greenhuse effect”,the earth wuld_be abut thirty-three degrees Celsius cler than it is.(the subjunctive md)
功
能
1.同意与不同意(Agreement and disagreement)
Exactly.Yu're right. I agree. That's crrect/true/right.
I'm afraid I disagree with yu. I'm afraid nt. I dn't think s.
N way. I dn't agree. I dubt...
2.责备与抱怨(Blame and cmplaint)
I'm srry t bring this up,but... I'm srry t have t say this,but...
They shuldn't have dne it. They are t blame.
Perhaps/Maybe they shuld/ught t... Why dn't yu d smething abut it?
语法
“it”的用法(the use f “it”)(2)
human activity that has caused this glbal warming...
教
学
重
点
1.Get students t knw abut glbal warming and its effect;t realize what we can d abut glbal warming.
2.Have students learn sme useful new wrds and expressins abut glbal warming and let them learn effective ways t master them.
3.Enable students t grasp and use the expressins f agreement and disagreement,blame and cmplaint.
4.Let students learn the new grammar item:the use f “it”(2).
5.Develp students' listening,speaking,reading and writing ability.
教学难点
1.Enable students t master the use f “it”(2).
2.Let students learn t write a shrt passage t tell thers hw t slve the prblem f glbal warming.
3.Develp students' integrative skills.
课时安排
Perids needed:6
Perid 1 Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading and Cmprehending
Perid 2 Language Study
Perid 3 Grammar—the Use f “It”(2)
Perid 4 Listening and Speaking
Perid 5 Reading and Writing
Perid 6 Summing Up,Learning Tip and Assessment
Things that use energy
Surces f energy
Renewable/nn-renewable
Things that use energy
Surces f energy
Renewable/nn-renewable
lights
heating
televisin
cassette player
vide recrder
cmputer
fridge
stve
hairdryer
...
cal
nn-renewable
il
nn-renewable
natural gas
nn-renewable
wind pwer
renewable
slar energy
renewable
nuclear energy
nn-renewable
hydr-electric pwer
renewable
bimass energy
renewable
gethermal energy
renewable
tidal energy
renewable
Part
Main idea
Part 1(Paragraph ______)
Part 2(Paragraphs ______ t ______)
Part 3(Paragraphs ______ t ______)
Part 4(Paragraph ______)
Part
Main idea
Part 1(Paragraph 1)
T intrduce a debate ver the issue f glbal warming.
Part 2(Paragraphs 2 t 5)
T illustrate hw glbal warming cmes abut.
Part 3(Paragraph 6)
T list tw different attitudes amng scientists twards glbal warming.
Part 4(Paragraph 7)
It's up t readers t think and decide whether peple shuld d smething abut glbal warming r nt.
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